Relevant bibliographies by topics / Groundwater aquifer fractured

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Academic literature on the topic 'Groundwater aquifer fractured'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Groundwater aquifer fractured"

1

Rowe, R. Kerry, and John R. Booker. "Contaminant migration through fractured till into an underlying aquifer." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 27, no. 4 (August 1, 1990): 484–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t90-063.

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This paper examines the potential impact on groundwater quality of contaminant migration from a landfill site, through a fractured till, and into an underlying aquifer. The paper describes a simple, semi-analytic technique for modelling contaminant transport through the fractured till, including consideration of diffusion of contaminants from the fractures into the till matrix, sorption, and radioactive decay. The model also considers the finite mass of contaminant and dilution due to the flow of groundwater in the aquifer. The model can be readily implemented on a microcomputer. The model allows examination of variations in fracture spacing, fracture opening size, thickness of the fractured zone, diffusion coefficient, dispersivity, effective porosity of the matrix, radioactive decay, Darcy velocity, thickness of the aquifer, distribution coefficient, and mass of contaminant. The paper describes the results of a limited parametric study that, inter alia, examines the effects of uncertainty in fracture spacing, the thickness of the fractured till, and the effective porosity of the till matrix. Some of the practical implications are discussed. Key words: contaminant migration, fractures, till, groundwater, pollution, landfill, waste disposal.
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Andrade, Rolland. "Delineation of Fractured Aquifer Using Numerical Analysis (Factor) of Resistivity Data in a Granite Terrain." International Journal of Geophysics 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/585204.

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In hard rock terrain, fractured aquifers comprise the major source of groundwater availability where the phreatic aquifer is desaturated. Identification of fracture zones in hard rock terrain and potential groundwater source delineation had been a perennial problem in hydrology. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the study over a small watershed area, in a granite terrain, wherein an attempt was made to delineate and map the fractured aquifer using numerical (factor) analysis of the conventional vertical electrical sounding data, which was obscure in curve matching technique. This numerical approach in concatenation with resistivity imaging or other techniques would prove to be an effective tool in groundwater exploration.
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Hasan, Muhammad, Yanjun Shang, Weijun Jin, and Gulraiz Akhter. "Assessment of Aquifer Vulnerability Using Integrated Geophysical Approach in Weathered Terrains of South China." Open Geosciences 11, no. 1 (December 31, 2019): 1129–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/geo-2019-0087.

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Abstract Despite being rich in groundwater resources, assessment of hard-rock aquifers in many areas of Asia is difficult given their strong heterogeneity. However, delineation of such aquifers is essential for estimation of the groundwater reserves. In addition, the vulnerability of hard-rock aquifers is controlled by the weathered/fractured zones because it is the place where most of the groundwater reserves are contained. In this work, an integrated approach of the electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), high precision magnetic, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), physicochemical analysis and pumping test data was performed to investigate the hard-rock aquifers occurring in the weathered terrains. This approach reveals seven fractures/faults (F1 to F7) and four discrete layers such as the topsoil cover, highly weathered, partly weathered and unweathered rock. The groundwater resources are estimated as a function of different parameters i.e., aquifer resistivity (ρo), transverse unit resistance (Tr), hydraulic conductivity (K), transmissivity (T), rock formation factor (F) and rock porosity (Φ). These parameters divide the groundwater resources into four aquifer potential zones with specific ranges of ρo, Tr, K, T, F and Φ i.e., high, medium, poor, and negligible potential aquifers. The results suggest that the high potential aquifer reserves are contained within the weathered/fractured and fault zones. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique analyzes quartz as the major mineral (>50%). The physicochemical and geophysical analysis suggests good groundwater quality in the investigated area. The integrated results are highly satisfied with the available borehole information. This integrated geophysical approach for the estimation of groundwater resources is not only applicable in the weathered terrains of South China, but also in many other areas of the weathered/fractured aquifer in Asia and beyond.
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Meyzonnat, Guillaume, Florent Barbecot, José Corcho Alvarado, Daniele Luigi Pinti, Jean-Marc Lauzon, and Renald McCormack. "Depth–Sequential Investigation of Major Ions, δ18o, δ2h and δ13C in Fractured Aquifers of the St. Lawrence Lowlands (Quebec, Canada) Using Passive Samplers." Water 13, no. 13 (June 29, 2021): 1806. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13131806.

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General and isotopic geochemistry of groundwater is an essential tool to decipher hydrogeological contexts and flow paths. Different hydrogeochemical patterns may result from the inherent physical aquifer heterogeneity, which may go unnoticed without detailed investigations gathered from multilevel or multiple observation wells. An alternative to overcome the frequent unavailability of multiple wellbores at sites is to perform a detailed investigation on the single wellbore available. In this perspective, the aim of this study is to use passive samplers to sequentially collect groundwater at depths in long–screened wellbores. Such investigation is carried out for major ions and stable isotopes compositions (δ2H, δ18O, δ13C) at ten sites in the context of fractured carbonate aquifers of the St. Lawrence Lowlands (Quebec, Canada). The information gathered from the calco–carbonic system, major ions and stable isotopes report poorly stratified and evolved groundwater bodies. Contribution of water impacted by anthropogenic activities, such as road salts pollution and carbon sources from C4 vegetation, when they occur, are even observed at the greatest depths. Such observations suggest quick flow paths and efficient mixing conditions, which leads to significant contributions of contemporary groundwater bodies in the fractured aquifers investigated down to depths of about 100 m. Although physical aquifer investigation reported few and heterogeneously distributed fractures per wellbore, hydrogeochemical findings point to at overall well interconnected fracture networks in the aquifer and high vulnerability of groundwater, even at significant depths.
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Cotanont, Thidarat, Chalong Buaphan, and Kamonporn Kromkhun. "Correlation of Outcrop Hydraulic Conductivity with its Aquifer: A Case Study of the Phu Phan Sandstone in Northeast, Thailand." Advanced Materials Research 931-932 (May 2014): 823–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.931-932.823.

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Fractured rock aquifers provide the most extensive groundwater resources in Northeast Thailand. The hydraulic conductivity (K) of these aquifers controls the flow of water and is therefore, an essential parameter for groundwater modeling and management. K values may be directly determined by conducting pumping tests at the aquifer or by performing fracture analysis using data acquired from outcrops. The K value at outcrop should be greater than that at aquifer of deeper position due to the effect of aperture reduction by overburden compression. The goal of this study was therefor to find the correlation between K values determined from outcrop with those directly measured at an aquifer. This study was conducted on the Phu Phan sandstone aquifer at the Huay Luang watershed, Udon Thani Province of Northeast Thailand. The orientation, aperture, and spacing of fractures were measured at four outcrops and used for determining the K values by fracture analysis. Single well pump test data from 17 wells in the Phu Phan aquifer (30-120 m depth) were analyzed to obtain transmissivity (T) and K. Both sets of the K values, from outcrop and aquifer, were correlated using the plotting position of Weibull. Both plots were linear on a semi-log scale but the outcrop curve was steeper. Lognormal distributions fitted both plotting positions quite well. These results show that for the same probability value, K values found from the pumping test to be about an order of magnitude smaller than K values determined from outcrop data.
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Bello, Rereloluwa, and Toluwaleke Ajayi. "Geoelectric evaluation of groundwater potential within sunshine garden estate, akure southwestern Nigeria." International Journal of Physical Research 7, no. 2 (July 22, 2019): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijpr.v7i2.29172.

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The Vertical Electrical Resistivity surveys in the Sunshine Garden Estate have contributed to a better understanding of the basement complex of Southwestern Nigeria. Nine (9) vertical electrical sounding (VES) using the Schlumberger electrode array were interpreted and the results shows three (3) subsurface geoelectric layers within the study area. These are the weathered layer, topsoil, fresh/fractured basement. Groundwater pockets such as fractured zones, valley fills/basement depressions, and weathered zones were delineated in the study area. Weathered/partially weathered layer and weathered basement/fractured basement were the two major aquifer mapped out and these aquifers are characterized by thick overburden, found within basement depressions. The groundwater potential of the study area was zoned into low, medium and high potentials. Zones where the overburden thickness (which constitutes the main aquifer unit) is greater than 13m and of low clay composition (average resistivity value between 200 - 400Ωm) are considered zones of high groundwater potential. Area where the thickness of the aquifer ranges from 11-13m with less clay composition are considered to have medium groundwater potential and the areas where the thickness of the aquifer is less than 11m are considered to have a low groundwater. The VES station underlained by high and medium groundwater potential zones are envisaged to be viable for groundwater development within the area.
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Petrenko, L. I., I. M. Romanyuk, N. B. Kasteltseva, and I. A. Persits. "MODELLING OF ARTIFICIAL INCREASE IN PRODUCTIVITY OF WATER INTAKE WELLS IN CRYSTALLINE ROCKS (on the example OF ZHASHKIV GROUNDWATER DEPOSIT, UKRAINE)." Geological Journal, no. 2 (July 15, 2021): 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.30836/igs.1025-6814.2021.2.224915.

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Global warming, as well as contamination of surface and ground water are currently the main factors that make the search for alternative sources of drinking water extremely pressing. The majority of aquifers commonly exploited for drinking water supply are contained in sedimentary deposits. Utilization of groundwater in fractured crystalline waterbearing rocks may be an alternative source of drinking water. However, experience in effective use of fractured rocks aquifer for water supply is very poor due to the lack of data on the crystalline rocks fracturing and, accordingly, their water-bearing capacity. Improving the effectiveness of using such geological environments is a very challenging task, yet possible with artificial recharge of crystalline rocks aquifers. Computation modeling is a widespread and proven way to study groundwater behavior in sedimentary deposits, unlike in fractured crystalline rocks. The present study focuses on the groundwater flow model to consider the method of improving the productivity of water intake wells in fractured crystalline rocks aquifer through artificially increase of the rocks’ fracturing. On the groundwater flow model for the Zhashkiv groundwater deposit, several scenarios with increase of the crystalline rocks fracturing were simulated and the effect on changing the well pumping rate was evaluated for one of the wells.
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Wilske, Cornelia, Axel Suckow, Ulf Mallast, Christiane Meier, Silke Merchel, Broder Merkel, Stefan Pavetich, et al. "A multi-environmental tracer study to determine groundwater residence times and recharge in a structurally complex multi-aquifer system." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 24, no. 1 (January 16, 2020): 249–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-249-2020.

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Abstract. Despite being the main drinking water resource for over 5 million people, the water balance of the Eastern Mountain Aquifer system on the western side of the Dead Sea is poorly understood. The regional aquifer consists of fractured and karstified limestone – aquifers of Cretaceous age, and it can be separated into a Cenomanian aquifer (upper aquifer) and Albian aquifer (lower aquifer). Both aquifers are exposed along the mountain ridge around Jerusalem, which is the main recharge area. From here, the recharged groundwater flows in a highly karstified aquifer system towards the east and discharges in springs in the lower Jordan Valley and Dead Sea region. We investigated the Eastern Mountain Aquifer system for groundwater flow, groundwater age and potential mixtures, and groundwater recharge. We combined 36Cl ∕ Cl, tritium, and the anthropogenic gases SF6, CFC-12 (chlorofluorocarbon) and CFC-11, while using CFC-113 as “dating” tracers to estimate the young water components inside the Eastern Mountain Aquifer system. By application of lumped parameter models, we verified young groundwater components from the last 10 to 30 years and an admixture of a groundwater component older than about 70 years. Concentrations of nitrate, simazine (pesticide), acesulfame K (ACE-K; artificial sweetener) and naproxen (NAP; drug) in the groundwater were further indications of infiltration during the last 30 years. The combination of multiple environmental tracers and lumped parameter modelling helped to understand the groundwater age distribution and to estimate recharge despite scarce data in this very complex hydrogeological setting. Our groundwater recharge rates support groundwater management of this politically difficult area and can be used to inform and calibrate ongoing groundwater flow models.
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Jonker, B., and T. Abiye. "Groundwater potential of the eastern Kalahari region of South Africa." South African Journal of Geology 120, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 385–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.25131/gssajg.120.3.385.

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Abstract An integrated approach involving geological, borehole data, hydrogeochemical and environmental isotope analyses was used to determine the groundwater potential of the eastern Kalahari region of South Africa, an area to the west of Mahikeng that stretches northward from the Orange River into Botswana. The total groundwater resource potential for the eastern Kalahari region of South Africa is estimated at 10127 Mm3/a, with the Kalahari Group aquifer showing the greatest potential, comprising 51% of the total resource. The storage capacity of the Kalahari Group aquifer (7130 Mm3) is also impressive, estimated to be more than twice that of the dolomite aquifer (2728 Mm3). Despite having such great potential, the aquifer is not actively recharged and is often associated with very saline water that is not suitable for human and livestock consumption. The limestone and dolomite aquifers of the Campbell Rand Subgroup, as well as the weathered granitic rocks of the Archaean basement, are considered as the most prospective water bearing formations, with a groundwater resource potential estimate of 1981 Mm3/a and 1845 Mm3/a, respectively. Aquifers with the least potential in the project area comprise the fractured basement rocks of the Kraaipan - Amalia greenstone belt, with a groundwater resource potential of 26 Mm3/a, and the fractured sedimentary rocks of the Asbestos Hills Subgroup, with a groundwater resource potential of 108 Mm3/a. The calculated groundwater storage and resource potential in the eastern Kalahari region of South Africa satisfies a large proportion of the water demand in the region.
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White, Alissa, Bryan Moravec, Jennifer McIntosh, Yaniv Olshansky, Ben Paras, R. Andres Sanchez, Ty P. A. Ferré, Thomas Meixner, and Jon Chorover. "Distinct stores and the routing of water in the deep critical zone of a snow-dominated volcanic catchment." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 23, no. 11 (November 18, 2019): 4661–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-4661-2019.

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Abstract. This study combines major ion and isotope chemistry, age tracers, fracture density characterizations, and physical hydrology measurements to understand how the structure of the critical zone (CZ) influences its function, including water routing, storage, mean water residence times, and hydrologic response. In a high elevation rhyolitic tuff catchment in the Jemez River Basin Critical Zone Observatory (JRB-CZO) within the Valles Caldera National Preserve (VCNP) of northern New Mexico, a periodic precipitation pattern creates different hydrologic flow regimes during spring snowmelt, summer monsoon rain, and fall storms. Hydrometric, geochemical, and isotopic analyses of surface water and groundwater from distinct stores, most notably shallow groundwater that is likely a perched aquifer in consolidated collapse breccia and deeper groundwater in a fractured tuff aquifer system, enabled us to untangle the interactions of these groundwater stores and their contribution to streamflow across 1 complete water year (WY). Despite seasonal differences in groundwater response due to water partitioning, major ion chemistry indicates that deep groundwater from the highly fractured site is more representative of groundwater contributing to streamflow across the entire water year. Additionally, the comparison of streamflow and groundwater hydrographs indicates a hydraulic connection between the fractured welded tuff aquifer system and streamflow, while the shallow aquifer within the collapse breccia deposit does not show this same connection. Furthermore, analysis of age tracers and oxygen (δ18O) and stable hydrogen (δ2H) isotopes of water indicates that groundwater is a mix of modern and older waters recharged from snowmelt, and downhole neutron probe surveys suggest that water moves through the vadose zone both by vertical infiltration and subsurface lateral flow, depending on the lithology. We find that in complex geologic terrain like that of the JRB-CZO, differences in the CZ architecture of two hillslopes within a headwater catchment control water stores and routing through the subsurface and suggest that shallow groundwater does not contribute significantly to streams, while deep fractured aquifer systems contribute most to streamflow.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Groundwater aquifer fractured"

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Halihan, Todd. "Permeability structure in fractured aquifers /." Digital version accessible at:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Amoah, Nelson. "Experimental and numerical study of solute transport through saturated fractured porous aquifer." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq25764.pdf.

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Humm, Cathleen Hana. "Identification of Recharge Source Areas in a Fractured Crystalline-rock Aquifer in Ploemeur, France." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/103905.

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Characterizing and preserving available groundwater resources within crystalline rocks is pertinent to understanding and predicting resources for ecosystems worldwide. Crystalline-rock aquifers, with favorable structure and climate, can be pumped year-round to meet local domestic demand. The Ploemeur hydrogeologic site, near the southern coast of Brittany, France, is characterized by a structurally complex fractured mica-schist and granite confined aquifer system. A contact zone, which acts as the main localized flow path through the aquifer, separates the two crystalline units, and a sub-vertical permeable fault zone cross-cuts the crystalline bedrock and contact zone. Using field observations, recharge estimates, and a calibrated three-dimensional numerical multi-zone MODFLOW 6 model, we present preferential flow paths of recharge infiltrating the complex geology of the Ploemeur hydrogeological site during pumping conditions. Using MODPATH to track groundwater and recharge path lines, we determine that water extracted from the aquifer originates from higher elevation areas west of the pumping site. Particle tracking analyses indicate that precipitation simulated over the pumping zone takes a minimum of two years to reach the pumping wells and travels up to 100 m in distance. Analyses of the water budget of the aquifer system using Zonebudget show that storage contributes significantly to the productivity of the system. Based on these analyses, we determine that recharge mechanisms such as piston flow and preferential flow play important roles in the Ploemeur hydrogeologic site. Though the Ploemeur site is unique in its composition and geometry, the methods used to characterize and monitor the aquifer can be applied to fractured crystalline-rock aquifers globally. Fractured crystalline-rock aquifers make up 10% of the region's freshwater sources, thus understanding their flow mechanisms contributes greatly to the management of freshwater resources.
Master of Science
Groundwater aquifers are a common source of freshwater worldwide as groundwater makes up 30% of Earth's freshwater resources. Porous, sedimentary aquifers, made of materials such as sand or gravel, are well studied; however, the less understood aquifers found in crystalline bedrock are also found all over the world. Generally, igneous and metamorphic crystalline rocks are not porous and have low permeabilities, but fractures and faults in the crystalline rock can increase the ability for water to travel through the system. The Ploemeur hydrogeologic site, located on the southern coast of Brittany, France, is a productive fractured crystalline-rock groundwater aquifer producing freshwater year round. The productivity of this aquifer is attributed to the increased hydraulic conductivity associated with the intersection of two permeable features: a subvertical fault zone and a sub-horizontal contact zone. Despite the aquifer's output, recharge travels very slowly into the system due to the depth, heterogeneity, and clay content in an overlying layer of weathered rock fragments and soil. In this study, we create a three-dimensional numerical model using MODFLOW to simulate precipitation in different locations to see how it travels through the aquifer to the site of groundwater pumping. We see that the recharge prefers to travel topographically from regions of higher elevation to lower elevation. The recharge preferentially travels through the geologic features with higher permeabilities, including the fault zone, regolith, and contact zone, but it does still travel through the less permeable, crystalline bedrock units. Even in the features with the higher permeabilities, simulated recharge requires a minimum of 2 years to travel from the land surface to the pumping wells. The pumping wells extract significant water from storage, as seen in our water budget calculations of each geologic unit. We see two recharge mechanisms present in the hydrogeologic site: piston flow, where young water displaces older water from the storage, and preferential flow, where recharge prefers to travel through regions with higher hydraulic conductivity. Understanding the recharge mechanisms in crystalline aquifers is pertinent to our knowledge of freshwater resources as crystalline aquifers make up approximately 10% of all groundwater supplies.
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Dippenaar, Matthys Alois. "Characterisation of some fractured-rock aquifers in Limpopo province, South Africa : review and case study." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/28689.

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This dissertation collates all available data from the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry’s (DWAF’s) National Groundwater Database (NGDB), DWAF’s Groundwater Resource Information Project (GRIP) and tests conducted during the progress of this project in order to evaluate Basement aquifers. The project was commenced at the request of the Water Research Commission (WRC), situated in Pretoria, South Africa. The study area (Limpopo and Luvuvhu-Letaba Water Management Areas, WMA1 and WMA2 respectively) is underlain by fractured, crystalline Basement terrain. The influences of structures (i.e. joints, faults and shear zones) and the neotectonic stress conditions were also studied to address the influence on groundwater flow and occurrence. The aim of the project was to address the determination of the aquifer parameters (essentially transmissivity and sustainable yield) in Basement terrane. Pumping test data was used and analysed via the Flow Characteristic Programme (Institute for Groundwater Studies, University of Free State). The methods of Logan (1964), Theis (1935), Cooper-Jacob (1946) and Birsoy-Summers (1980) were applied for comparative purposes. Statistically, all four methods supplied results within the same order of magnitude, with Theis and Cooper-Jacob correlating extremely well. Results from the Logan and Birsoy-Summers methods correlated very well too, but the T-values calculated via Logan’s method were almost double those obtained from the step-drawdown data analysed via the Birsoy-Summers method. The combined results adhered to a developed model-setting-scenario approach where each borehole can be evaluated based on three parameters. Firstly, the model refers to the potential water-bearing and/or water-barring features. In the study area, it was found that water predominates in the Hout River Shear Zone, and that the neotectonic stress fields have little influence on determining the orientation of favourable water-bearing structures. Geological contacts often resulted in higher yielding boreholes than geological structures. Secondly, the setting refers to the climatic and tectonic setting of the site. This determines the recharge and the orientation of structures. Based on this, supposedly closed structures (due to prevailing neotectonic stress fields) often supplied higher yielding boreholes than the supposedly open structures. Rainfall and climate however had little influence on the results. Finally, the scenario ranks a borehole in terms of high, intermediate or low transmissivity and subsequently potential yield. High T-values typically exceeded 100 m2/d whereas low T-values were generally below 5 m2/d. Significantly low yielding boreholes therefore formed part of the Low T Scenario, and high yielding boreholes of the High T Scenario. Copyright
Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2008.
Geology
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Dustay, Shuaib. "Delineation of groundwater protection zone in a fractured rock aquifer setting: A case study of Rawsonville." University of Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7704.

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>Magister Scientiae - MSc
The Department of Water and Sanitation (DWS) is considering the implementation of an Aquifer Protection Strategy to protect the country’s critical groundwater resources. This study will assist in filling the knowledge gap in the form of a groundwater protection zoning case study in the Rawsonville area. Understanding how groundwater is being accessed and used is required in determining the level and type of groundwater protection needed. Groundwater access points were identified as being boreholes, springs and rivers. A few potential contamination sources were identified at the site such as leachate from fertilizers and pesticides which may reach the groundwater used by the farmers for domestic water supply as well as irrigation.
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Plett, James. "Metolachlor and TCE Plume Characteristics in a Dolostone Aquifer Using a Transect." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/2966.

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Much is known about natural attenuation of contaminants in granular aquifers because many contaminant plumes in these aquifers have been intensively monitored with detailed sampling along cross sections positioned across the plumes (i. e. transects). However, little is known about natural attenuation of contaminant plumes in fractured rock. In this thesis study, strong natural attenuation of a persistent co-mingled plume of trichloroethylene (TCE) and an herbicide (metolachlor) in a 100 m thick dolostone aquifer used for municipal water supply in Cambridge, Ontario is shown based on detailed delineation of groundwater contaminant concentrations along a single transect located 150 m downgradient from the area where the metolachlor entered the dolostone and 300 m downgradient from the TCE source area. This delineation was accomplished using depth-discrete, multilevel groundwater monitoring systems in five cored holes and detailed analyses of contaminant concentration in rock cores. The maximum metolachlor concentration on the transect is a factor of 20 below the maximum concentration in the metolachlor source area and the maximum TCE concentration on the transect is lower by a factor of 100 from the TCE source area.

Matrix diffusion and strong temporal variability of the groundwater flow system caused by pumping of nearby municipal wells have likely caused strong natural attenuation of metolachlor and TCE and degradation has likely contributed to even stronger TCE attenuation. The transect shows rock core concentrations much higher than the groundwater concentrations in the multilevel systems at the same locations and in the conventional monitoring wells, which indicates that plume persistence is likely maintained by back diffusion from the rock matrix, which has very low hydraulic conductivity but substantial porosity, into the active groundwater flow in the fractures.

Metolachlor has been observed at very low concentrations and has persisted at these concentrations in the nearest municipal pumping well located approximately 780 m downgradient of the transect, however this well shows no detectable TCE. The relatively low concentrations along the transect and the replenishment of the plume by back diffusion suggests that a substantial increase of metolachlor or TCE in the municipal well is unlikely.
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Chen, Yaming. "Monitoring contamination in surface water and groundwater in a catchment with an unconfined porous aquifer overlying fractured bedrock." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/8485.

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The factors influencing the design of an integrated surface water and groundwater contaminant monitoring network are examined for a system where a permeable unconfined aquifer overlies fractured bedrock in a headwater stream catchment. The unconfined porous aquifer is modeled as a homogeneous and isotropic porous medium with deterministic properties. The fractured bedrock is modeled as a lower permeability rock mass, but with a stochastic fracture network composed of three orthogonal fracture sets. The surface domain consists of a V-shaped overland flow zone and a linear stream channel with constant width. A continuous contaminant source zone is situated close to the land surface. The analysis is based on a steady state representation of the groundwater and surface water flow system and transport of a non-reactive solute in both the surface and subsurface domains. The probability of plume detection is defined in terms of the likelihood of detecting contamination in a performance monitoring network prior to its detection at a downstream compliance boundary. The ratio of the permeability of the unconfined porous aquifer to the bulk permeability of the underlying fractured bedrock is a key factor influencing detection probabilities. A higher permeability unconfined aquifer reduces detection probabilities in the stream, and increases detection probabilities in the subsurface. Fracture network connectivity and aperture size have a significant influence on detection probabilities in the subsurface, especially in the bedrock. Dilution of contamination in the headwater stream by inflowing non-contaminated water has a strong influence on detection probabilities. Due to the effect of dilution, sampling both stream water and streambed groundwater will enhance detection probabilities in the stream. The contaminant detection threshold is a key factor in influencing the stream water and groundwater monitoring. A lower detection threshold will increase detection probabilities in the surface water and groundwater systems, especially in the stream water. The results in this study demonstrates the importance of integrating stream water and groundwater samples in the design of a performance monitoring network and documents the factors that determine contaminant detection probabilities in the surface stream, the unconfined aquifer, and the underlying fractured bedrock.
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Sun, Xiaobin. "Testing and evaluation of artesian aquifers in Table Mountain Group aquifers." University of the Western Cape, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4369.

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Philosophiae Doctor - PhD
The Table Mountain Group (TMG) Aquifer is a huge aquifer system which may provide large bulk water supplies for local municipalities and irrigation water for agriculture in the Western Cape and Eastern Cape Provinces in South Africa. In many locations, water pressure in an aquifer may force groundwater out of ground surface so that the borehole drilled into the aquifer would produce overflow without a pump. Appropriate testing and evaluation of such artesian aquifers is very critical for sound evaluation and sustainable utilization of groundwater resources in the TMG area. However, study on this aspect of hydrogeology in TMG is limited. Although the flow and storage of TMG aquifer was conceptualised in previous studies, no specific study on artesian aquifer in TMG was made available. There are dozens of flowing artesian boreholes in TMG in which the pressure heads in the boreholes are above ground surface locally. A common approach to estimate hydraulic properties of the aquifers underneath is to make use of free-flowing and recovery tests conducted on a flowing artesian borehole. However, such testing approach was seldom carried out in TMG due to lack of an appropriate device readily available for data collection. A special hydraulic test device was developed for data collection in this context. The test device was successfully tested at a flowing artesian borehole in TMG. The device can not only be used to measure simultaneous flow rate and pressure head at the test borehole, but also be portable and flexible for capturing the data during aquifer tests in similar conditions like artesian holes in Karoo, dolomite or other sites in which pressure head is above ground surface. The straight-line method proposed by Jacob-Lohman is often adopted for data interpretation. However, the approach may not be able to analyse the test data from flowing artesian holes in TMG. The reason is that the TMG aquifers are often bounded by impermeable faults or folds at local or intermediate scale, which implies that some assumptions of infinite aquifer required for the straight-line method cannot be fulfilled. Boundary conditions based on the Jacob-Lohman method need to be considered during the simulation. In addition, the diagnostic plot analysis method using reciprocal rate derivative is adapted to cross-check the results from the straight-line method. The approach could help identify the flow regimes and discern the boundary conditions, of which results further provide useful information to conceptualize the aquifer and facilitate an appropriate analytical method to evaluate the aquifer properties. Two case studies in TMG were selected to evaluate the hydraulic properties of artesian aquifers using the above methods. The transmissivities of the artesian aquifer in TMG range from 0.6 to 46.7 m2/d based on calculations with recovery test data. Storativities range from 10-4 to 10-3 derived from free-flowing test data analysis. For the aquifer at each specific site, the transmissivity value of the artesian aquifer in Rawsonville is estimated to be 7.5–23 m2/d, with storativity value ranging from 2.0×10-4 to 5.5×10-4. The transmissivity value of the artesian aquifer in Oudtshoorn is approximately 37 m2/d, with S value of 1.16×10-3. The simulation results by straight-line and diagnostic plot analysis methods, not only imply the existence of negative skin zone in the vicinity of the test boreholes, but also highlight the fact that the TMG aquifers are often bounded by impermeable faults or folds at local or intermediate scale. With the storativity values of artesian aquifers derived from data interpretation, total groundwater storage capacity of aquifers at two case studies was calculated. The figures will provide valuable information for decision-makers to plan and develop sustainable groundwater utilization of artesian aquifers in local or intermediate scales. With the hydraulic test device readily available for data collection, more aquifer tests can be carried out in other overflow artesian boreholes in TMG. It becomes feasible to determine the hydraulic properties of artesian aquifers for the entire TMG. Thereof quantification of groundwater resources of artesian aquifers in TMG at a mega-scale becomes achievable. This would also contribute towards global research initiative for quantification of groundwater resources at a mega-scale.
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9

Gentry, William Miles. "Evaluation of Spring Discharge for Characterization of Groundwater Flow in Fractured Rock Aquifers: A Case Study from the Blue Ridge Province, VA." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30965.

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Recent models of groundwater flow in the Blue Ridge Province suggest multiple aquifers and flow paths may be responsible for springs and seeps appearing throughout the region. Deep confined aquifers and shallow variably confined aquifers may contribute water to spring outlets, resulting in vastly different water quality and suitability for potable water supplies and stock watering. A new Low Flow Recording System (LoFRS) was developed to measure the discharge of these springs that are so ubiquitous throughout the Blue Ridge Province. Analysis of spring discharge, combined with electrical resistivity surveying, aquifer tests, and water chemistry data reveal mixed shallow and deep aquifer sources for some springs, while other springs and artesian wells are sourced only in the deep aquifer. The technique is suitable for rapid characterization of flow paths leading to spring outlets. Rapid characterization is important for evaluation of potential water quality problems arising from contamination of shallow and deep aquifers, and for evaluation of water resource susceptibility to drought. The spring discharge technique is also suitable for use in other locations where fractured rock and crystalline rock aquifers are common.
Master of Science
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10

Lasher, Candice. "Application of fluid electrical conductivity logging for fractured rock aquifer characterisation at the University of the Western Cape's Franschhoek and Rawsonville research sites." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2011. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_3729_1338541923.

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Abstract:

 
Characterisation of fractured rock aquifers is important when dealing with groundwater protection and management. Fractures are often good conduits for water and contaminants, leading to high flow velocities and the fast spread of contaminants in these aquifers. A cost effective methodology is required for the characterisation of the role of individual fractures contributing to flow to boreholes in fractured rock aquifers. Literature shows that some of the conventional methods used to characterise hydraulic properties in fractured rock aquifers are expensive, complicated, time consuming and are associated with some disadvantages such as over-or under- estimations of flow rates. iii This thesis evaluates the use of Fluid Electrical Conductivity (FEC) logging in fractured rock aquifers. This FEC data are compared to various traditional methods used to determine aquifer hydraulic properties applied at the Franschhoek and Rawsonville research sites. Both these sites were drilled into the fractured rock Table Mountain Group (TMG) Aquifer, forming one of the major aquifers in South Africa.

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Books on the topic "Groundwater aquifer fractured"

1

Moore, Richard Bridge. Quality of water in the fractured-bedrock aquifer of New Hampshire. Reston, Va: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2004.

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Kaehler, C. A. Hydraulic properties of a fractured-rock aquifer, Lee Valley, San Diego County, California. Washington, DC: U.S. G.P.O., 1993.

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B, Moore Richard. Quality of water in the fractured-bedrock aquifer of New Hampshire. Reston, Va: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2004.

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4

Daniel, Charles C. Ground-water recharge to the regolith-fractured crystalline rock aquifer system, Orange County, North Carolina. Raleigh, N.C: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1996.

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5

Daniel, Charles C. Ground-water recharge to the regolith-fractured crystalline rock aquifer system, Orange County, North Carolina. Raleigh, N.C: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1996.

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Daniel, Charles C. Ground-water recharge to the regolith-fractured crystalline rock aquifer system, Orange County, North Carolina. Raleigh, N.C: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1996.

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Daniel, Charles C. Ground-water recharge to the regolith-fractured crystalline rock aquifer system, Orange County, North Carolina. Raleigh, N.C: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1996.

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Daniel, Charles C. Ground-water recharge to the regolith-fractured crystalline rock aquifer system, Orange County, North Carolina. Raleigh, N.C: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1996.

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Daniel, Charles C. Ground-water recharge to the regolith-fractured crystalline rock aquifer system, Orange County, North Carolina. Raleigh, N.C: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1996.

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Daniel, Charles C. Ground-water recharge to the regolith-fractured crystalline rock aquifer system, Orange County, North Carolina. Raleigh, N.C: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Groundwater aquifer fractured"

1

Lobo-Ferreira, J. P. "Applicability of Stochastic Inverse Modelling, Aquifer Vulnerability Assessment, Groundwater Flow and Mass Transport Modelling in the Fractured Semi Confined Aquifer of Bagueixe, in Portugal." In Regional Approaches to Water Pollution in the Environment, 251–81. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0345-6_12.

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Middleman, Bruce, and Rob Earle. "Development of a Conceptual Groundwater Recovery System in a Fractured Bedrock Aquifer: A Case Study from the Wissahickon Formation." In Remediation in Rock Masses, 68–82. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784400159.ch06.

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Parashar, Rishi, and Donald M. Reeves. "Groundwater Sustainability in Fractured Rock Aquifers." In Sustainable Water Resources Management, 439–64. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784414767.ch17.

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4

Kraemer, S. R., and H. M. Haitjema. "Regional Modelling of Fractured Rock Aquifers." In Groundwater Contamination: Use of Models in Decision-Making, 467–76. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2301-0_42.

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Ackerer, Ph. "Random-Walk Method to Simulate Pollutant Transport in Alluvial Aquifers or Fractured Rocks." In Groundwater Flow and Quality Modelling, 475–86. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2889-3_27.

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6

Gieske, A., and E. Selaolo. "A Proposed Study of Recharge Processes in Fracture Aquifers of Semi-Arid Botswana." In Estimation of Natural Groundwater Recharge, 117–24. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-7780-9_7.

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7

Abotalib, Abotalib Z., and Essam Heggy. "Groundwater Mounding in Fractured Fossil Aquifers in the Saharan-Arabian Desert." In Advances in Sustainable and Environmental Hydrology, Hydrogeology, Hydrochemistry and Water Resources, 359–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01572-5_84.

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8

Akhtar, Naseem, Muhammad Izzuddin Syakir, Mohd Talha Anees, Abdul Qadir, and Mohamad Shaiful Yusuff. "Characteristics and Assessment of Groundwater." In Groundwater [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93800.

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Groundwater system is very vital to humanity and the ecosystem. Aquifers are determined based on the absence or presence of water table positioning, that is, confined, unconfined, leaky aquifers and fractured aquifers. The objective of this chapter is to discuss the characteristic and assessment of groundwater within the scope of vertical distribution of GW, types of the aquifer system, types of SW-GW interface, and SW-GW interaction at both local and regional scales. The properties of the aquifer depend on the physical characteristics of the materials (porosity, permeability, specific yield, specific storage, and hydraulic conductivities) which are determined by techniques like resistivity surveys and pumping tests followed by remote sensing and geographic information system for better information on the groundwater system. Furthermore, understanding the SW-GW interactions through available methods (seepage meter, heat tracer, and environmental tracer) is useful in watershed management, that is, risk management and assessment of the aquifer system.
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"Characterization of fractured porous media: Aquifer Analogue Approach." In Groundwater in Fractured Rocks, 391–408. CRC Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203945650-35.

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Jankowski, Jerzy, and Karina Morgan. "Origin of salinity in a fractured bedrock aquifer in the Central West Region of NSW, Australia." In Groundwater in Fractured Rocks, 329–41. Taylor & Francis, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203945650.ch22.

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Conference papers on the topic "Groundwater aquifer fractured"

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Akara, Mahawa-Essa Mabossani, and Donald M. Reeves. "A CONCEPTUAL MODEL FOR SURFACE-GROUNDWATER INTERACTIONS WITHIN A REGIONAL-SCALE FRACTURED ROCK AQUIFER." In GSA Annual Meeting in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018am-318055.

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Beningson, Nathan, Peter C. Ryan, and Jonathan J. Kim. "THE EFFECT OF CALCITE-BEARING VEINS ON GROUNDWATER GEOCHEMISTRY IN A FRACTURED ROCK AQUIFER SYSTEM." In 53rd Annual GSA Northeastern Section Meeting - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018ne-311117.

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Ryan, Peter C., Jonathan J. Kim, Emmet Norris, and David Allen. "TRACING GROUNDWATER FLOW BY INORGANIC HYDROGEOCHEMISTRY: A TOOL TO UNDERSTANDING PFOA MIGRATION IN A FRACTURED ROCK AQUIFER." In 53rd Annual GSA Northeastern Section Meeting - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018ne-311303.

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Belaval, Marcel, David F. Boutt, Timothy Schroeder, Peter Ryan, and Jonathan J. Kim. "CHARACTERIZING THE GROUNDWATER-SURFACE WATER SYSTEM IN A PFOA-CONTAMINATED FRACTURED ROCK AQUIFER USING RADON AND STABLE ISOTOPES." In 53rd Annual GSA Northeastern Section Meeting - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018ne-310939.

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Diaconu, Daniela, Kay Birdsell, and George Zyvoloski. "Natural and Engineered Barriers in a Romanian Disposal Site for Low and Intermediate Level Waste." In ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4638.

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The operational waste generated by the Cernavoda Nuclear Power Plant will be disposed in a near-surface facility. The low and intermediate level wastes, containing particularly large concentrations of C-14 and H-3, are treated and conditioned in steel drums, which will be placed in the disposal cells and then immobilized in concrete. The Saligny site has been proposed for LIL waste disposal. Geologically, the main components of this site are the quaternary loess, the Precambrian and pre-quaternary clays, and the Eocene and Barremian limestones. Hydrologically, the site can be divided into a vadose zone down to 45–50m and three distinct aquifers, two of them in the limestone beds and the third into the lenses of sand and limestone existing in the pre-quaternary clay layer. Preliminary performance assessments, presented in this paper, indicate that the geologic layers are efficient natural barriers against water flow and radionuclide migration from the vadose zone to the Barremian aquifer. The semi-arid climate and the low precipitation rate prevent contaminant transport from the disposal site to the Eocene aquifer. FEHM simulations of transient groundwater flow showed that seasonal variations influence the moisture content profile in the top of the vadose zone, but the influence over the long term is not significant for contaminant transport. The Danube River level variations control water movement in the Barremian aquifer, especially in the upper part where the limestone is highly fractured and water moves toward the river when its level is low and toward the site when the river level is high. The disposal concept tries to combine the natural and engineered barriers in order to ensure the safety of the environment and population. Therefore, the concrete filling the disposal cells surrounds the waste with a medium that facilitates C-14 retention by precipitation, thus reducing the C-14 releases in the atmosphere and geosphere.
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Namjou, Parviz, Gerald Strayton, Alan Pattle, Matthew Davis, Peter Kinley, Paul Cowpertwait, M. Jim Salinger, A. Brett Mullan, and Greg Paterson. "Groundwater Behaviour in a Fractured Basalt Aquifer under Existing and Future Climate and Land Use in Auckland City (New Zealand)." In World Water and Environmental Resources Congress 2005. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40792(173)383.

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Cowan, Sam, Peter Ryan, and Jonathan Kim. "ANALYSIS OF GROUNDWATER QUALITY IN A FRACTURED ROCK AQUIFER INFLUENCED BY BLACK SHALES IN THE CENTRAL CHAMPLAIN VALLEY, WESTERN VERMONT." In 51st Annual Northeastern GSA Section Meeting. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016ne-272881.

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Moore, Henry, Abraham E. Springer, T. Halihan, and Erin Young. "CHARACTERIZATION FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A RENEWABLE POWER-RECOVERY GROUNDWATER WELL IN THE DEEP, FRACTURED SANDSTONE AQUIFER OF FLAGSTAFF, ARIZONA." In GSA 2020 Connects Online. Geological Society of America, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2020am-356296.

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Kim, Jonathan J., Peter Ryan, Timothy Schroeder, Edwin Romanowicz, David F. Boutt, and Marcel Belaval. "USING MULTIPLE GROUNDWATER TRACERS TO ASSESS THE FATE AND TRANSPORT OF PFOA IN A SURFICIAL- FRACTURED ROCK AQUIFER SYSTEM: BENNINGTON, VERMONT." In 54th Annual GSA Northeastern Section Meeting - 2019. Geological Society of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2019ne-328058.

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Kim, Jonathan J., Pete Ryan, Timothy Schroeder, Edwin Romanowicz, David F. Boutt, and Marcel Belaval. "INTEGRATION OF GROUNDWATER GEOCHEMICAL FINGERPRINTING WITH THE STRUCTURE OF A FRACTURED ROCK AQUIFER TO UNDERSTAND THE FATE AND TRANSPORT OF PFOA, BENNINGTON, VERMONT, USA." In GSA 2020 Connects Online. Geological Society of America, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2020am-357697.

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Reports on the topic "Groundwater aquifer fractured"

1

Savard, M. M. Canadian inventory of groundwater resources: integrated regional hydrogeological characterization of the fractured aquifer system of southwestern Quebec. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/291347.

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