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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Groundwater Mathematical models'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 7 September 2023

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1

MORANDA, ARIANNA. "Mathematical models for reactive contaminants in groundwater." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/930210.

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Abstract The mass transport of contaminants in porous media is of great importance both in the field of research and in the applied field. Today's respect for the environment and the safeguarding of resources has greatly increased the need to monitor and prevent environmental pollution. Of great importance are the mathematical models that allow us to describe the concentration distribution in space and time of a pollutant in groundwater. This research is focused on the study and modeling of pollutants in groundwater. Bibliographic research and a subsequent in-depth study of 1D, 2D and 3D

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2

Khatibi, Rahman Haghi. "Mathematical open channel flow models and identification of their friction parameters." Thesis, University of London, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.263145.

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This thesis l concerned with the mathematical modelling of open channel flows governed by the Saint-Venant equations, which are used as a prediction or identification tools. A survey of the literature in these fields identified the problems in need of Immediate research. Numerical test runs were then devised which led to projecting a clear picture as follows. The performance of twn widely used Implicit finite difference schemes, the 4-point box and 6-point staggered schemes were compared In a wide range of circumstances. it is concluded that both schemes produce 'very close results, but the st

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3

Cuifeng, Wei. "Improved Finite Analytic Methods for Solving Advection-dominated Transport Equation in Highly Variable Velocity Field." PDXScholar, 1995. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4922.

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Solute transport studies frequently rely on numerical solutions of the classical advection-diffusion equation. Unfortunately, solutions obtained with traditional finite difference and finite element techniques typically exhibit excessive numerical diffusion or spurious oscillation when advection dominates, especially when velocity field is highly variable. One recently developed technique, the finite analytic method, offers an attractive alternative. Finite analytic methods utilize local analytic solutions in discrete elements to obtain the algebraic representations of the governing partial di

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4

Blue, Julie Elena. "Predicting tracer and contaminant transport with the stratified aquifer approach." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1999. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_1999_426_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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5

Javed, Ijaz. "Groundwater development and management at Fordwah Eastern Sadiqia (South) Project, Bahawalnager, Punjab, Pakistan." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0003/MQ44189.pdf.

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6

Ritzi, Robert William. "The use of well response to natural forces in the estimation of hydraulic parameters." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1989. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_1989_119_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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7

Schmid, Wolfgang. "A farm package for MODFLOW-2000 simulation of irrigation demand and conjunctively managed surface-water and ground-water supply /." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2004. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_2004_287_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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8

Samper, Calvete F. Javier(Francisco Javier) 1958. "Statistical methods of analyzing hydrochemical, isotopic, and hydrological data from regional aquifers." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/191115.

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This dissertation is concerned with the development of mathematical aquifer models that combine hydrological, hydrochemical and isotopic data. One prerequisite for the construction of such models is that prior information about the variables and parameters be quantified in space and time by appropriate statistical methods. Various techniques using multivariate statistical data analyses and geostatistical methods are examined in this context. The available geostatistical methods are extended to deal with the problem at hand. In particular, a three-dimensional interactive geostatistical package

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9

El, Didy Sherif Mohamed Ahmed 1951. "Two-dimensional finite element programs for water flow and water quality in multi-aquifer systems." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/191110.

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Multiple aquifer systems similar to those that exist at coal gasification sites are complicated groundwater situations. In these types of systems, the aquifers are separated by aquitards through which interaction between aquifers can occur. The movement of the products of combustion into the coal seam and adjacent aquifers is a serious problem of interest. This dissertation presents two-dimensional finite element models for water flow and water quality in multiple aquifer systems. These models can be applied for general problems as well as the problems associated with the burned cavities in co

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10

Ahmad, Faheem. "Numerical modelling of transport of pollutant through soils." Thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08182009-040239/.

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11

Vionnet, Leticia Beatriz, and Leticia Beatriz Vionnet. "Investigation of stream-aquifer interactions using a coupled surface water and groundwater flow model." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187414.

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A finite element numerical model is developed for the modeling of coupled surface-water flow and ground-water flow. The mathematical treatment of subsurface flows follows the confined aquifer theory or the classical Dupuit approximation for unconfined aquifers whereas surface-water flows are treated with the kinematic wave approximation for open channel flow. A detailed discussion of the standard approaches to represent the coupling term is provided. In this work, a mathematical expression similar to Ohm's law is used to simulate the interacting term between the two major hydrological componen

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12

Sorooshian, Soroosh, and Vijai Kumar Gupta. "Improving the Reliability of Compartmental Models: Case of Conceptual Hydrologic Rainfall-Runoff Models." Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/614011.

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13

Rotzoll, Kolja. "Hydraulic Parameter Estimation Using Aquifer Tests, Specific Capacity, Ocean Tides, and Wave Setup for Hawai'i Aquifers." Thesis, Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/22265.

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The islands of Hawaii face increasing ground-water demands due to population growth in the last decades. Analytical and numerical models are essential tools for managing sustainable ground-water resources. The models require estimates of hydraulic properties, such as hydraulic conductivity and storage parameters. Four methods were evaluated to estimate hydraulic properties for basalts on the island of Maui. First, unconventional step-drawdown tests were evaluated. The results compare favorably with those from classical aquifer tests with a correlation of 0.81. Hydraulic conductivity is log-nor

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14

Zhang, Dongxiao. "Conditional stochastic analysis of solute transport in heterogeneous geologic media." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186553.

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This dissertation develops an analytical-numerical approach to deterministically predict the space-time evolution of concentrations in heterogeneous geologic media conditioned on measurements of hydraulic conductivities (transmissivities) and/or hydraulic heads. Based on the new conditional Eulerian-Lagrangian transport theory by Neuman, we solve the conditional transport problem analytically at early time, and express it in pseudo-Fickian form at late time. The stochastically derived deterministic pseudo-Fickian mean concentration equation involves a conditional, space-time dependent dispersi

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15

Liao, Boshu. "Analytical and numerical analysis of LNAPL migration and LNAPL thickness estimation in unconfined aquifers." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/32846.

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16

Hendrickson, Jene Diane, and Soroosh Sorooshian. "CALIBRATION OF RAINFALL-RUNOFF MODELS USING GRADIENT-BASED ALGORITHMS AND ANALYTIC DERIVATIVES." Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/614186.

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In the past, derivative-based optimization algorithms have not frequently been used to calibrate conceptual rainfall -riff (CRR) models, partially due to difficulties associated with obtaining the required derivatives. This research applies a recently- developed technique of analytically computing derivatives of a CRR model to a complex, widely -used CRR model. The resulting least squares response surface was found to contain numerous discontinuities in the surface and derivatives. However, the surface and its derivatives were found to be everywhere finite, permitting the use of deriva

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17

Vionnet, Leticia Beatriz, and Thomas Maddock. "Modeling of Ground-Water Flow and Surface/Ground-Water Interaction for the San Pedro River Basin Part I Mexican Border to Fairbank, Arizona." Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/614152.

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Many hydrologic basins in the southwest have seen their perennial streamflows turn to ephemeral, their riparian communities disappear or be jeopardized, and their aquifers suffer from severe overdrafts. Under -management of ground -water exploitation and of conjunctive use of surface and ground waters are the main reasons for these events.

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18

Kalin, Robert M. "The hydrogeochemical evolution of the groundwater of the Tucson Basin with application to 3-dimensional groundwater flow modelling." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186609.

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This work examines the hydrogeochemical evolution of Tucson basin groundwater, including isotope hydrology, geochemistry and age determinations. Results of mineralogic investigation on basin fill were used to constrain water-rock geochemical reactions. Examination of 45 years of water quality data shows that groundwater mining has affected water quality. Stable isotopes of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, sulfur, and chlorine and radiocarbon, tritium and radon determinations refine the interpretation of hydrogeochemical evolution of Tucson basin groundwater as modelled with NETPATH. Two distinct samp

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19

Zhang, You-Kuan. "A quasilinear theory of time-dependent nonlocal dispersion in geologic media." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185039.

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A theory is presented which accounts for a particular aspect of nonlinearity caused by the deviation of plume "particles" from their mean trajectory in three-dimensional, statistically homogeneous but anisotropic porous media under an exponential covariance of log hydraulic conductivities. Quasilinear expressions for the time-dependent nonlocal dispersivity and spatial covariance tensors of ensemble mean concentration are derived, as a function of time, variance σᵧ² of log hydraulic conductivity, degree of anisotropy, and flow direction. One important difference between existing linear theorie

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20

Sheng, Jopan. "Multiphase immiscible flow through porous media." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53630.

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A finite element model is developed for multiphase flow through soil involving three immiscible fluids: namely air, water, and an organic fluid. A variational method is employed for the finite element formulation corresponding to the coupled differential equations governing the flow of the three fluid phase porous medium system with constant air phase pressure. Constitutive relationships for fluid conductivities and saturations as functions of fluid pressures which may be calibrated from two-phase laboratory measurements, are employed in the finite element program. The solution procedure uses

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21

Wang, Maili. "Approximate method for solving two-stage stochastic programming and its application to the groundwater management." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1999. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_1999_068_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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22

Xiao, Liang. "Evaluation of groundwater flow theories and aquifer parameters estimation." University of the Western Cape, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4366.

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Philosophiae Doctor - PhD<br>This thesis deals with some fundamental aspects of groundwater models. Deterministic mathematical models of groundwater are usually used to simulate flow and transport processes in aquifer systems by means of partial differential equations. Analytical solutions for the deterministic mathematical models of the Theis problem and the transient confined-unconfined flow in a confined aquifer are investigated in the thesis. The Theis equation is a most commonly applied solution for the deterministic mathematical model of the Theis problem. In the thesis, a most simplifie

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23

Sande, Leif Andrew. "Experimental Studies on Infiltration/Soil-Water Movement Processes and Green-AMPT Modeling." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2011. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29329.

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Experimental studies on infiltration/soil-water movement processes are vital to better understanding movement of soil-water in the vadose zone. The objective of this experimental research was to investigate infiltration/soil-water movement processes utilizing laboratory experiments and computer modeling. Small scale laboratory soil box infiltration experiments were conducted and utilized for the improved parameterization of the Green-Ampt (GA) saturated moisture content parameter to produce an effective moisture content parameter (Be) for utilization in a modified GA model. By incorporat

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24

Vionnet, Leticia Beatriz, Thomas III Maddock, and David C. Goodrich. "Investigations of stream-aquifer interactions using a coupled surface-water and ground-water flow model." Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/615700.

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A finite element numerical model is developed for the modeling of coupled surface-water flow and ground-water flow. The mathematical treatment of subsurface flows follows the confined aquifer theory or the classical Dupuit approximation for unconfined aquifers whereas surface-water flows are treated with the kinematic wave approximation for open channel flow. A detailed discussion of the standard approaches to represent the coupling term is provided. In this work, a mathematical expression similar to Ohm's law is used to simulate the interacting term between the two major hydrological c

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25

Agyei, Eugene Osei. "Groundwater modeling and management using the finite element method and evolutionary optimisation techniques /." Title page, synopsis and contents only, 1997. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09pha284.pdf.

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26

Bailey, Mark A(Mark Alexander) 1970. "Improved techniques for the treatment of uncertainty in physically-based models of catchment water balance." Monash University, Dept. of Civil Engineering, 2001. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/8271.

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27

Perraton, Etienne. "Hydrogeologic and agroclimatic considerations for the development of a water management model for the Tlacolula subbasin, Oaxaca, Mexico." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0016/NQ44553.pdf.

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28

Chavez, Rodriguez Adolfo 1951. "Modeling mountain-front recharge to regional aquifers." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/191124.

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The estimation of mountain-front recharge to regional aquifers is approached from a hydroclimatic standpoint. Analytical models of the seasonal water yield and streamflow are developed in this dissertation. These models are specialized for hard-rock mountainous watersheds where deep percolation occurs through fractures exclusively. Input variables are considered to be stochastic, and a relationship between precipitation and surface runoff is derived by using a deterministic physical process. Streamflow models for the summer and winter rainy seasons are developed separately in terms of known pa

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29

Wang, Jinjun. "Sensitivity and uncertainty analyses of contaminant fate and transport in a field-scale subsurface system." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/22562.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008.<br>Committee Chair: Aral, Mustafa; Committee Member: Guan, Jiabao; Committee Member: Kim, Seong Hee; Committee Member: Luo, Jian; Committee Member: Uzer, Turgay.

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30

Orr, Shlomo. "Stochastic approach to steady state flow in nonuniform geologic media." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1993. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_1993_409_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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31

Lang, Patrick T., and Thomas III Maddock. "SIMULATION OF GROUND-WATER FLOW TO ASSESS THE EFFECTS OF PUMPING AND CANAL LINING ON THE HYDROLOGIC REGIME OF THE MESILLA BASIN: Dona Ana County, New Mexico & El Paso County, Texas." Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/617628.

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This study, which is to provide information to a settlement over the rights to water resources in the Mesilla Basin, uses a groundwater model to estimate how pumping in the basin affects the hydrologic regime.

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32

Lingen, Carl, and Nathan Buras. "Dynamic Management of a Surface and Groundwater System on Both Sides of the Lower Yellow River." Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/614178.

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This paper analyzes the management problem of the conjunctive use of surface and ground water in an irrigation system on both sides of the Lower Yellow River. For this purpose, a stochastic dynamic programming model is developed. In the model, the statistical characteristics of seasonal rainfall within 2 years are considered; groundwater level control is also emphasized in order to prevent soil salinity and waterlogging. Through computer calculations, optimal operation policies are obtained for efficient conjunctive use of surface and groundwater. These policies take into account the in

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33

Shrestha, Surendra Prakash. "An effective medium approximation and Monte Carlo simulation in subsurface flow modeling." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/38642.

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34

Bandeen, Reid Francis 1957. "Simulations of dry well recharge in the Tucson Basin, Arizona." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276654.

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The variably saturated flow model Unsat 2 was used for three case study simulations of dry well recharge in the Tucson Basin, Arizona. Dry well design, and rainfall/runoff and vadose zone conditions representative of the locality were assumed in the simulations to address travel time to the regional aquifer, rates and extent of radial flow, and relative degree of solute attenuation by sorption and dilution with regional groundwater. Soil specific surface was used to estimate relative degree of sorption among the three cases. One case of uniform soil composition and two cases of layered soil co

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35

Rucker, Dale Franklin. "Improved analysis of borehole ground penetrating radar to monitor transient water flow in the vadose zone." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2003. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_2003_320_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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36

Woods, Juliette Aimi. "Numerical accuracy of variable-density groundwater flow and solute transport simulations." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2004. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phw8941.pdf.

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37

Melo, Davi de Carvalho Diniz. "Estimativa de impacto de mudanças climáticas nos níveis do aquífero livre em zona de recarga do sistema Aquífero Guarani." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18138/tde-31072013-110008/.

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A exploração acelerada das águas subterrâneas pode acarretar em problemas de disponibilidade de água. Esse problema tende a ser acentuado devido as mudanças no clima previstas para as próximas décadas. Nesse contexto, este trabalho buscou avaliar os possíveis impactos das mudanças climáticas e do uso do solo sobre níveis de água subterrânea em zona de afloramento do Sistema Aquífero Guarani. Foram utilizadas simulações de Modelos de Circulação Global (MCG) como dados de entrada para um modelo transiente de fluxo hídrico subterrâneo, visando avaliar o comportamento dos nveis de água sob difere

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38

Simpson, Matthew. "An analysis of unconfined ground water flow characteristics near a seepage-face boundary." University of Western Australia. Centre for Water Research, 2003. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2004.0025.

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A quantitative understanding of ground water flow characteristics in unconfined aquifers is important because of the prevalence of abstraction from, and pollution of these systems. The current understanding of ground water flow in unconfined aquifers is limited because of the dominance of horizontal flow modelling strategies used to represent unconfined flow processes. The application of horizontal flow principles leads to an ignorance of seepage-face formation and can not predict the complicated three-dimensional nature of the ground water flow that dominates at the ground water-surface water

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39

Faborode, Jumoke O. "Predictive modeling of sulfide removal in tray aerators." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4633.

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Hydrogen sulfide is commonly found in many Florida potable groundwater supplies. Removing sulfur species, particularly hydrogen sulfide is important because if left untreated, sulfide can impact finished water quality, corrosivity, create undesirable taste and odor, and oxidize to form visible turbidity and color. This document presents the results of a study designed to investigate the removal efficiencies of a variety of tray aerators in Central Florida in order to develop a predictive mathematical model that could be used to determine tray effectiveness for sulfide removal. A literature rev

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40

Jang, Wonyong. "Unsteady Multiphase Flow Modeling of In-situ Air Sparging System in a Variably Saturated Subsurface Environment." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/7517.

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In order to preserve groundwater resources from contamination by volatile organic compounds and to clean up sites contaminated with the compounds, we should understand fate and transport of contaminants in the subsurface systems and physicochemical processes involving remediation technologies. To enhance our understanding, numerical studies were performed on the following topics: (i) multiphase flow and contaminant transport in subsurface environments; (ii) biological transformations of contaminants; (iii) in-situ air sparging (IAS); and, thermal-enhanced venting (TEV). Among VOCs, trichloroet

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41

Weatherford, Jonathan Michael. "Hydrogeologic Investigation of a Pumice Aquifer, Fremont/Winema National Forest, Oregon." PDXScholar, 2015. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2479.

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The middle Holocene cataclysmic eruption of Mount Mazama blanketed Walker Rim, in south central Oregon, with 270 cm to 300 cm of pumice, causing capture of surface water systems by groundwater, stream relocation, and the formation of biologically diverse fens and seasonal wetlands. The pumice aquifer at Round Meadow, an 8.6 km2 basin, hosts both a fen and seasonally ponded wetlands. The Round Meadow watershed lies within a closed basin between the upper Klamath and Deschutes river basins. As the highest meadow at Walker Rim, it is a relatively well-constrained system to study the effects of hy

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42

Purczel, Carl Leslie. "Evaluating and applying contaminant transport models to groundwater systems /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SM/09smp9854.pdf.

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43

Clemente, Roberto Sulit. "A mathematical model for simulating pesticide fate and dynamics in the environment (PESTFADE) /." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=70275.

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A one-dimensional transient mathematical model which can predict simultaneous movement of water and reactive solutes through homogeneous soil systems under saturated/unsaturated conditions is developed. The physically-based numerical model, called PESTFADE, considers the interactive processes/mechanisms such as mass flow, plant uptake, adsorption/desorption, dispersion, volatilization, chemical/microbial degradation and runoff in the simulation.<br>The PESTFADE model employs SWACROP, a model developed in the Netherlands, to simulate transient water flow in the unsaturated zone; evaluates non-e

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44

Petrula, Lubomír. "Hodnocení kontaminace podzemních vod v oblasti Letiště Přerov." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265335.

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The main goal of this work is to assess ground water contamination at the Přerov airport as a consequence to oil products leakage. For this purpose a flow and transport model was created. Another goal is to create and assess several variations of unfavorable scenarios in terms of water quality. The final goal is to create a set of recommendations for the entire area.

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45

Rasser, Paul Edward. "Calibration of numerical models with application to groundwater flow in the Willunga Basin, South Australia." 2001. http://thesis.library.adelaide.edu.au/public/adt-SUA20030414.111541/index.html.

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Bibliography: 80-82. Electronic publication; full text available in PDF format; abstract in HTML format. The process of calibrating a numerical model is examined in this thesis with an application to the flow of groundwater in the Willunga Basin in South Australia. The calibration process involves estimating unknown parameters of the numerical model so that the output obtained from the model is comparable with data that is observed in the field. Three methods for calibrating numerical models are discussed, these being the steepest descent method, the nonlinear least squares method, and a new m

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46

Umetsu, Chieko. "Spatial water allocation under conjunctive use." Thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/9225.

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47

Dietrich, Claude Ren{u00E9}. "Identification of hydrogeological systems via inverse procedures." Phd thesis, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/114574.

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This thesis is concerned with three topics. The first two comprise the development of a new model of salinity transport in a stream connected to a salty aquifer and the derivation of a new method for the identification of transmissivity in an aquifer. A third topic interwoven with the first two is the analysis of ill-posedness often associated with the identification of hydrological systems. The salinity transport model is derived from basic mass conservation equations and from the representation of the stream-aquifer interaction by a convolution integral. In order to restrict model co

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48

Brown, Theresa Jean. "Modeling the effects of aerosols on groundwater systems." Thesis, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/21321.

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Just as children eventually learn that covering their eyes does not make them invisible, we as adults have realized that just because harmful substances are "out-of-site" it does not necessarily mean they are gone for good. As we expanded our ability to think abstractly we began to consider how our actions affect our future and the lives of future generations. For example, we established procedures for the handling and disposal of high level radioactive waste and other hazardous materials because of the threat such materials pose to the environment. To date, however, the effect of atmospheric

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49

Jayanti, Shekhar. "Modeling tracers and contaminant flux in heterogeneous aquifers." Thesis, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3116345.

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50

Kaucner, Christine E. Civil &amp Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "Factors influencing overland mobility of Cryptosporidium Oocysts." 2007. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/40609.

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Abstract:

The mechanisms responsible for overland transport of faecal pathogens, particularly Cryptosporidium oocysts, from animal sources to water bodies are not fully understood. Surface properties of microbes, such as electrostatic charge and hydrophobicity, are thought to contribute to their aggregation and attachment to solid surfaces. There is conflicting evidence that methods used to purify Cryptosporidium oocysts from faecal material may affect the oocyst surface, leading to biased conclusions from transport studies. By studying oocyst surface properties, aggregation and soil attachment, this th

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