Relevant bibliographies by topics / Groundwater recharge Watershed hydrology

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Academic literature on the topic 'Groundwater recharge Watershed hydrology'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Groundwater recharge Watershed hydrology"

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Yuan, Ruiqiang, Shiqin Wang, Lihu Yang, Jianrong Liu, Peng Wang, and Xianfang Song. "Hydrologic processes of groundwater in a small monsoon-influenced mountainous watershed." Hydrology Research 49, no. 6 (June 22, 2018): 2016–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2018.030.

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Abstract Mountain block recharge is the least well quantified owing to the lack of a thorough understanding of mountain block hydrological processes. Observations of spatio-temporal variations of groundwater were employed to clarify hydrologic processes in a semi-arid mountainous watershed of northern China. Results showed that the annual feeding rate of precipitation changed between 21% and 40%. However, infiltration of precipitation was mainly drained as interflow on slopes and recharged into the mountain valley as focused recharge. As a result, the mean correlation coefficient between precipitation and groundwater level was only 0.20 and seasonal variations were reduced. Mountain slope is essentially impermeable with no bedrock percolation under arid circumstances. Only a bedrock percolation event occurred after multiple closely-spaced heavy rains during the four-year observation, which induced a local rapid ascending of the water table and an enhanced lateral recharge from upgradient watersheds. The influence of the enhanced lateral recharge lasted three years, suggesting a huge groundwater catchment overcoming local watershed divides in mountain blocks. The average of the gradual recession of the water table was 5.1 mm/d with a maximum of 11.4 mm/d in the beginning stage. Both interflow and bedrock percolation are important. Our results highlight the changeability of hydrologic processes in mountain watersheds.
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Suwartha, Nyoman, Ikhwan Maulani, Cindy Rianti Priadi, Elzavira Felaza, Tri Tjahjono, and Gita Lestari Putri. "Mapping land use suitability for development of recharge wells in the Ciliwung watershed, Indonesia." Water Practice and Technology 12, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 166–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2017.022.

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Rapid population growth and the need to mitigate the impact of rainfall-runoff has made groundwater conservation a significant environmental issue in Indonesia's Ciliwung Watershed. The availability of recharge wells in developed areas is essential for groundwater conservation and runoff reduction. Selection of suitable locations for the construction of recharge wells depends on a combination of factors such as topography, soil layers, land use, and climatology. This study of land suitability for recharge well development in the Ciliwung Watershed, an area of heterogenous land use, employed GPS-based weighted data on technical geology, soil type, soil hydrology group, groundwater level, slope, average rainfall, and land use. Mathematical simulations were performed to develop a land suitability map. The findings indicate that only 2% of the total area (in Cisarua, Bogor) is ideal for the construction of recharge wells, and that 48% of existing recharge wells in the Jakarta area are situated in a suitable zone. The results provide a basis for technical recommendations for future construction of recharge wells in the Ciliwung Watershed.
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Lu, Xiao Hui, Zhou Jun Li, and Yang Wang. "Analysis of Land Use Changes on Groundwater Dynamics." Advanced Materials Research 601 (December 2012): 186–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.601.186.

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Distributed physically-based models have the predictive capacity to assess the effect of land use changes on groundwater dynamics across a range of scales. MIKESHE, which represents state-of-art of distributed hydrological model, is applied to the Skjern catchment. It is utilized to evaluate hydrologic impacts of land use changes in a watershed. Our overall objective was to quantitatively evaluate the effects of land use changes on watershed hydrology within the 1175 km2 Skjern catchment in Denmark. The results show that the soil is unsaturated and has bigger storage capacity. The groundwater recharge distribution has seasonal characters like the runoff, which mainly concentrated in winter and spring and decreased in summer and autumn.
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Noor, Hamzeh, Mahdi Vafakhah, Masoud Taheriyoun, and Mahnoosh Moghadasi. "Hydrology modelling in Taleghan mountainous watershed using SWAT." Journal of Water and Land Development 20, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jwld-2014-0003.

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Abstract Mountainous regions in Iran are important sources of surface water supply and groundwater recharge. Therefore, accurate simulation of hydrologic processes in mountains at large scales is important for water resource management and for watershed management planning. Snow hydrology is the more important hydrologic process in mountainous watersheds. Therefore, streamflow simulation in mountainous watersheds is often challenging because of irregular topography and complex hydrological processes. In this study, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used to model daily runoff in the Taleghan mountainous watershed (800.5 km2) in west of Tehran, Iran. Most of the precipitation in the study area takes place as snow, therefore, modeling daily streamflow in this river is very complex and with large uncertainty. Model calibration was performed with Particle Swarm Optimization. The main input data for simulation of SWAT including Digital Elevation Model (DEM), land use, soil type and soil properties, and hydro-climatological data, were appropriately collected. Model performance was evaluated both visually and statistically where a good relation between observed and simulated discharge was found. The results showed that the coefficient of determination R2 and the Nash- Sutcliffe coefficient NS values were 0.80 and 0.78, respectively. The calibrated model was most sensitive to snowmelt parameters and CN2 (Curve Number). Results indicated that SWAT can provide reasonable predictions daily streamflow from Taleghan watersheds.
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Alvarenga, Lívia Alves, Carlos Rogério de Mello, Alberto Colombo, and Luz Adriana Cuartas. "HYDROLOGIC IMPACTS DUE TO THE CHANGES IN RIPARIAN BUFFER IN A HEADWATER WATERSHED." CERNE 23, no. 1 (March 2017): 95–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/01047760201723012205.

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ABSTRACT In recent years, concerns regarding the impacts of deforestation of riparian vegetation on water resources have created social and political tensions in Brazil. This research analyzed simulated hydrologic components of a 6.76 km2 headwater watershed with different widths of riparian vegetation. Lavrinha Watershed (LW) hydrological responses were simulated using the Distributed Hydrology Soil Vegetation Model (DHSVM), which was forced using meteorological data from one station (2005-2010). Land cover scenarios where the percent land cover of Atlantic Forest was increased from the control resulted in changes in hydrologic components in the watershed due to increased evapotranspiration and rainfall interception and reduced runoff and overland flow. The base flow/runoff relationship has increased, suggesting that riparian vegetation plays an important role in groundwater recharge. Modeling of hydrologic components linked to riparian buffer scenarios, such as the process used in this study, can be a useful tool for decision-making strategies regarding watershed management.
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Love, Erica, Richard Hammack, William Harbert, James Sams, Garret Veloski, and Terry Ackman. "Using airborne thermal infrared imagery and helicopter EM conductivity to locate mine pools and discharges in the Kettle Creek watershed, north-central Pennsylvania." GEOPHYSICS 70, no. 6 (November 2005): B73—B81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2127110.

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The Kettle Creek watershed contains 50–100-year-old surface and underground coal mines that are a continuing source of acid mine drainage (AMD). To characterize the mining-altered hydrology of this watershed, an airborne reconnaissance was conducted in 2002 using airborne thermal infrared imagery (TIR) and helicopter-mounted electromagnetic (HEM) surveys. TIR uses the temperature differential between surface water and groundwater to locate areas where groundwater emerges at the surface. TIR anomalies located in the survey included seeps and springs, as well as mine discharges. In a follow-up ground investigation, hand-held GPS units were used to locate 103 of the TIR anomalies. Of the sites investigated, 26 correlated with known mine discharges, whereas 27 were previously unknown. Seven known mine discharges previously obscured from TIR imagery were documented. HEM surveys were used to delineate the groundwater table and also to locate mine pools, mine discharges, and groundwater recharge zones. These surveys located 12 source regions and flow paths for acidic, metal-containing (conductive) mine drainage; areas containing acid-generating mine spoil; and areas of groundwater recharge and discharge, as well as identifying potential mine discharges previously obscured from TIR imagery by nondeciduous vegetation. Follow-up ground-based electromagnetic surveys verified the results of the HEM survey. Our study suggests that airborne reconnaissance can make the remediation of large watersheds more efficient by focusing expensive ground surveys on small target areas.
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Chang, Sun Woo, and Il-Moon Chung. "Water Budget Analysis Considering Surface Water–Groundwater Interactions in the Exploitation of Seasonally Varying Agricultural Groundwater." Hydrology 8, no. 2 (April 2, 2021): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/hydrology8020060.

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In South Korea, groundwater intended for use in greenhouse cultivation is collected from shallow riverside aquifers as part of agricultural activities during the winter season. This study quantified the effects of intensive groundwater intake on aquifers during the winter and examined the roles of nearby rivers in this process. Observation data were collected for approximately two years from six wells and two river-level observation points on the study site. Furthermore, the river water levels before and after the weir structures were examined in detail, because they are determined by artificial structures in the river. The structures have significant impacts on the inflow and outflow from the river to the groundwater reservoirs. As a result, a decline in groundwater levels owing to groundwater depletion was observed during the water curtain cultivation (WCC) period in the winter season. In addition, we found that the groundwater level increased owing to groundwater recharge due to rainfall and induced recharge by rivers during the spring–summer period after the end of the WCC period. MODFLOW, a three-dimensional difference model, was used to simulate the groundwater level decreases and increases around the WCC area in Cheongwon-gun. Time-variable recharge data provided by the soil and water assessment tool model, SWAT for watershed hydrology, was used to determine the amount of groundwater recharge that was input to the groundwater model. The groundwater level time series observations collected from observation wells during the two-year simulation period (2012 to 2014) were compared with the simulation values. In addition, to determine the groundwater depletion of the entire demonstration area and the sustainability of the WCC, the quantitative water budget was analyzed using integrated hydrologic analysis. The result indicated that a 2.5 cm groundwater decline occurred on average every year at the study site. Furthermore, an analysis method that reflects the stratification and boundary conditions of underground aquifers, hydrogeologic properties, hydrological factors, and artificial recharge scenarios was established and simulated with injection amounts of 20%, 40%, and 60%. This study suggested a proper artificial recharge method of injecting water by wells using riverside groundwater in the study area.
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Chung, Il-Moon, Youn Jung Kim, and Nam Won Kim. "Estimating the Temporal Distribution of Groundwater Recharge by Using the Transient Water Table Fluctuation Method and Watershed Hydrologic Model." Applied Engineering in Agriculture 37, no. 1 (2021): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aea.13376.

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HighlightsThe transient water table fluctuation method (TWTFM) is revisited.A novel application of linking SWAT model and TWTFM is suggested.A method is proposed to estimate daily groundwater recharge distribution.The method is demonstrated for the Jeju Island in Korea.Abstract. Estimating groundwater recharge remains a difficult but necessary task as part of managing available groundwater supplies. For example, the average groundwater recharge rate of Jeju Island is 54%, which is considerably higher than the inland recharge rate (~15%) in Korea. Although groundwater is the main water source of this and many other islands, quantifying temporal groundwater recharge for water resources planning remains difficult. To estimate groundwater recharge based on rainfall, a simple and straightforward method is proposed that uses an application of the Transient Water Table Fluctuation Method (TWTFM) linked with the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). By using the computed annual percolation from the SWAT as input, two parameters (reaction factor and specific yield) could be estimated by assuming that the sum of daily recharge via the TWTFM was approximately equal to the annual percolation near the water table. This methodology was applied to the Hancheon watershed of Jeju Island, South Korea. Runoff time series data for two years (2009 and 2010) were used to calibrate SWAT and another two years of data were used to validate computed discharges from SWAT. For the calibration of the combined SWAT and TWTFM model, groundwater level data from 2009 and 2010 were used, and then data from 2011 and 2012 were used to predict groundwater recharge using the calibrated TWTFM parameters. The proposed methodology can be used as an efficient tool for estimating the temporal distribution of groundwater recharge using only groundwater data and the annual percolation rate. This methodology can be beneficial for regions where the vadose zone depth is deeply formed and temporal recharge predictions are essential for water management. Keywords: Reaction factor, Specific yield, SWAT, Transient water table fluctuation method (TWTFM).
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Norman, Laura, James Callegary, Laurel Lacher, Natalie Wilson, Chloé Fandel, Brandon Forbes, and Tyson Swetnam. "Modeling Riparian Restoration Impacts on the Hydrologic Cycle at the Babacomari Ranch, SE Arizona, USA." Water 11, no. 2 (February 22, 2019): 381. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11020381.

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This paper describes coupling field experiments with surface and groundwater modeling to investigate rangelands of SE Arizona, USA using erosion-control structures to augment shallow and deep aquifer recharge. We collected field data to describe the physical and hydrological properties before and after gabions (caged riprap) were installed in an ephemeral channel. The modular finite-difference flow model is applied to simulate the amount of increase needed to raise groundwater levels. We used the average increase in infiltration measured in the field and projected on site, assuming all infiltration becomes recharge, to estimate how many gabions would be needed to increase recharge in the larger watershed. A watershed model was then applied and calibrated with discharge and 3D terrain measurements, to simulate flow volumes. Findings were coupled to extrapolate simulations and quantify long-term impacts of riparian restoration. Projected scenarios demonstrate how erosion-control structures could impact all components of the annual water budget. Results support the potential of watershed-wide gabion installation to increase total aquifer recharge, with models portraying increased subsurface connectivity and accentuated lateral flow contributions.
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Steward, D. R., X. Yang, S. Y. Lauwo, S. A. Staggenborg, G. L. Macpherson, and S. M. Welch. "From precipitation to groundwater baseflow in a native prairie ecosystem: a regional study of the Konza LTER in the Flint Hills of Kansas, USA." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 15, no. 10 (October 20, 2011): 3181–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-3181-2011.

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Abstract. Methods are developed to study hydrologic interactions across the surficial/groundwater interface in a native prairie ecosystem. Surficial ecohydrologic processes are simulated with the USDA's EPIC model using daily climate data from the Kansas Weather Data Library, vegetation and soil data from the USDA, and current land-use management practices. Results show that mean annual precipitation (from 1985–2005) is partitioned into 13% runoff regionally and 14% locally over the Konza LTER, lateral flow through soil is 1% regionally and 2% locally, groundwater recharge is 11% regionally and 9% locally, and evapotranspiration accounts for the remaining 75%. The spatial distribution of recharge was used in a regional Modflow groundwater model that was calibrated to existing groundwater observations and field measurements gathered for this study, giving a hydraulic conductivity in the Flint Hills region of 1–2 m day−1 with a local zone (identified here) of 0.05–0.1 m day−1. The resistance was set to fixed representative values during model calibration of hydraulic conductivity, and simple log-log relations correlate the enhanced recharge beneath ephemeral upland streams and baseflow in perennial lowland streams to the unknown resistance of the streambeds. Enhanced recharge due to stream transmission loss (the difference between terrestrial runoff and streamflow) represents a small fraction of streamflow in the ephemeral upland and the resistance of this streambed is 100 000 day. Long-term baseflow in the local Kings Creek watershed (2% of the groundwater recharge over the watershed) is met when the resistance of the lowland streambed is 1000 day. The coupled framework developed here to study surficial ecohydrological processes using EPIC and groundwater hydrogeological processes using Modflow provides a baseline hydrologic assessment and a computational platform for future investigations to examine the impacts of climate change, vegetative cover, soils, and management practices on hydrologic forcings.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Groundwater recharge Watershed hydrology"

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Jayawickreme, Dushmantha Helapriya. "Exploring the influence of land-use and climate on regional hydrology and groundwater recharge." Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2008.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Michigan State University. Dept. of Geological Sciences, 2008.
David Hyndman, dissertation advisor--From acknowledgments. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Aug. 20, 2009) Includes bibliographical references (p. 148-150). Also issued in print.
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Waibel, Michael Scott. "Model Analysis of the Hydrologic Response to Climate Change in the Upper Deschutes Basin, Oregon." PDXScholar, 2010. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/45.

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Considerable interest lies in understanding the hydrologic response to climate change in the upper Deschutes Basin, particularly as it relates to groundwater fed streams. Much of the precipitation occurring in the recharge zone falls as snow. Consequently, the timing of runoff and recharge depend on accumulation and melting of the snowpack. Numerical modeling can provide insights into evolving hydrologic system response for resource management consideration. A daily mass and energy balance model known as the Deep Percolation Model (DPM) was developed for the basin in the 1990s. This model uses spatially distributed data and is driven with daily climate data to calculate both daily and monthly mass and energy balance for the major components of the hydrologic budget across the basin. Previously historical daily climate data from weather stations in the basin was used to drive the model. Now we use the University of Washington Climate Impact Group's 1/16th degree daily downscaled climate data to drive the DPM for forecasting until the end of the 21st century. The downscaled climate data is comprised from the mean of eight GCM simulations well suited to the Pacific Northwest. Furthermore, there are low emission and high emission scenarios associated with each ensemble member leading to two distinct means. For the entire basin progressing into the 21st century, output from the DPM using both emission scenarios as a forcing show changes in the timing of runoff and recharge as well as significant reductions in snowpack. Although the DPM calculated amounts of recharge and runoff varies between the emission scenario of the ensemble under consideration, all model output shows loss of the spring snowmelt runoff / recharge peak as time progresses. The response of the groundwater system to changing in the time and amount of recharge varies spatially. Short flow paths in the upper part of the basin are potentially more sensitive to the change in seasonality. However, geologic controls on the system cause this signal to attenuate as it propagates into the lower portions of the basin. This scale-dependent variation to the response of the groundwater system to changes in seasonality and magnitude of recharge is explored by applying DPM calculated recharge to an existing regional groundwater flow model.
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Konteatis, C. A. C. "Groundwater recharge studies." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381163.

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Murray, Alexander J. "Modeling Artificial Groundwater Recharge in the Santa Rosa Creek Watershed." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2020. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/2140.

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The Santa Rosa Creek Watershed is an approximately 48 mi2 large watershed located on the central coast of California. This watershed drains to the Pacific Ocean through Santa Rosa Creek as it passes through agricultural land and the town of Cambria. Historically the groundwater within the Santa Rosa Creek Watershed has been used for irrigation, municipal and domestic uses, and the creek is critical habitat steelhead trout. During dry years, there is less water for all uses. When low groundwater levels occur, water can be drawn out of the creek and into the soil, drying out steelhead habitat. Seven agricultural operators within the Santa Rosa Creek Watershed are working with a local non-profit to improve sustainability of the aquifer through artificial groundwater recharge. One of these projects includes the use of a recharge basin. This study was conducted to understand the impacts of that recharge basin on the groundwater surrounding it as well as to evaluate the site’s potential for other recharge methods. The groundwater within the site of interest was modeled using GMS to calculate head values, to determine flow directions, and to determine timings. Three different hydrogeologic layers were used to simulate an upper unconfined zone, a clay confining layer, and a confined zone. The model was calibrated to known groundwater head values throughout the site. ArcMap was used to organize and preprocess data that went into the GMS model. Elevation, hydrologic soil characteristics, boundary heads, recharge rates, evapotranspiration rates, and well locations and pumping rates datasets were all preprocessed and imported into GMS. The model showed that the water from the recharge basin does not percolate into the underlying groundwater aquifer, but it flows out of the upper unconfined layer and into the creek over time. This is caused primarily by a low hydrologic conductivity confined aquifer in the northern section of the site as well as a confining clay layer underneath the unconfined top layer. According to the model, the site may not be feasible for artificial groundwater recharge in the northern portion, but there is potential for recharge in the southern area. Further data collection could improve the model to support or dispute these findings.
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Miller, Cynthia Jean 1961. "Impact of artificial recharge on Tucson area groundwater quality." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278038.

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Results of chemical analyses revealed elevated levels of organic surrogate parameters which included dissolved organic carbon, trihalomethanes, total organic halides, and UV absorbance in Tucson groundwater impacted by artificial recharge activity. Inorganic parameters associated with recharge water were also elevated in Tucson groundwater impacted by artificial recharge. The mobility of organochlorine during deep well injection of chlorinated Colorado River Water into the Las Vegas Valley aquifer was also investigated. The Las Vegas Valley aquifer was found to have little sorptive capacity for organo-chlorine.
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Pimentel, da Silva Luciene. "Large-scale hydrological modelling : physical parameterisation for groundwater recharge." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/1034.

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There is currently worldwide interest in the effect of human activity on tile global environment, especially the effect of greenhouse gases and land-use change on the global climate, and models are being developed to study both global change and the local effects of global change. The research reported here (funded by CNPq-Brazil) involves the development of GRASP:Groundwater Recharge modelling Approach with a Scaling up Procedure. GRASP has been integrated into the UP (Upscaled Physically-based) macromodel, developed under the UK NERC TIGER programme, which is designed for studying the effects of climate and land-use change on the availability and quality of water resources. The UP macromodel will be coupled to the UK Meteorological. Office's Unified (weather and climate) model to create a state-of-the-art coupled atmospheric/hydrological model. Several important requirements for the design of new large-scale hydrological models are identified in a wide ranging review on GCMs; (General Circulation Models) and physically -based hydrological modelling, and these requirements have been applied in the development of GRASP(and UP). The main requirements are a physical basis, proper treatment of spatial variability, and simplicity. Using the concept of partial analysis, two point-scale models, SM (Soil Moisture content approach) and TF (Transfer Function approach), are developed for recharge, both based on the one-dimensional Richards' equation. SM is a simple two-parameter model relating recharge to water storage in the unsaturated zone, and several unsuccessful attempts are made to link its parameters to physical propcrties. TF is a transfer function model, and is parameterised using the matric potential and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity functions using a new approach developed especially for GRASP. Both SM and TF are verified against numerical solutions of Richards' equation.
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Parissopoulos, George. "Numerical studies of unsaturated-saturated groundwater recharge from ephemeral flows." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/47609.

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Guldan, Nathan M. "Relationships between groundwater recharge dates, nitrate levels, and denitrification in a central Wisconsin watershed /." Link to Abstract, 2004. http://epapers.uwsp.edu/abstracts/2004/Guldan.pdf.

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Kimblin, Richard Thomas. "Groundwater-sediment reactions in the North London aquifer system, with specific reference to artificial groundwater recharge." Thesis, University of Reading, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.315876.

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Bockgård, Niclas. "Groundwater Recharge in Crystalline Bedrock : Processes, Estimation, and Modelling." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Earth Sciences, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4573.

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Kunskap om grundvattenbildningen är nödvändig för att man ska kunna förutsäga konsekvenserna av grundvattenuttag och underjordsbyggande. Grundvattenbildningen i berggrunden är dock svår att uppskatta. Syftet med avhandlingen var att öka förståelsen av grundvattenbildningen i kristallin berggrund, att undersöka hur grundvattenbildningen ska uppskattas samt att utveckla nya modeller för att beskriva grundvattenbildningen. Studien grundades på tre angreppssätt: grundvattendatering med freoner (CFC), geohydrauliska observationer och matematisk modellering.

Koncentrationerna av CFC-11 och CFC-113 befanns vara låga i det undersökta berggrundvattnet, vilket i kombination med låga syrgashalter tyder på anaerob nedbrytning. Koncentrationerna av CFC-12 och tritium överensstämde ganska väl, vilket betyder att den skenbara åldern kan vara den sanna åldern. Resultaten tyder på att CFC-datering inte är pålitlig i skogsmiljöer med finkornigt jordtäcke.

Vid nederbörd observerades ett snabbt gensvar i den hydrauliska potentialen i den studerade bergakviferen, trots det 10 m mäktiga moräntäcket. En avsevärd del av de observerade potentialvariationerna befanns vara belastningseffekter, som inte innebar någon magasinsförändring eller något vattenflöde. Berggrundens belastningseffektivitet uppskattades, ur potentialens svar på lufttrycksförändringar, till 0,95. Ytbelastningen beräknades från mätningar av lufttryck, vatten i jordtäcket och snö. Omkring 20 % av årstidsvariationen hos den hydrauliska potentialen uppskattades bero på enbart belastningsförändringar. En enkel begreppsmässig modell kunde användas för att simulera den observerade hydrauliska potentialen. För att beskriva enskilda grundvattenbildningstillfällen på bästa sätt var det nödvändigt att ta hänsyn till effekten av ytbelastningen.

Numeriska experiment gjordes med en modell av en jord–bergprofil. När berget modellerades som ett heterogent kontinuum bildades omättade zoner i berget vid stora hydrauliska gradienter. Fenomenet uppträdde i områden där låggenomsläppliga zoner låg uppströms höggenomsläppliga zoner, och ledde till minskad hydraulisk konduktivitet i berget.


Knowledge about the groundwater recharge is essential for the prediction of impacts of groundwater withdrawal and underground construction. Recharge in the bedrock is, however, difficult to estimate. The objectives of this thesis were to increase the understanding of groundwater recharge in crystalline bedrock, to investigate how the recharge could be estimated, and to develop new models to describe the recharge. The study was based on three approaches: groundwater dating using chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), geohydraulic field measurements, and mathematical modelling.

Low concentrations of CFC-11 and CFC-113 were found in the bedrock groundwater, which in combination with low dissolved-oxygen levels indicated anaerobe degradation. The CFC-12 and tritium concentrations agreed fairly well, which means that apparent ages could be true ages. The results suggest that CFC dating may not be reliable at forested, humid sites covered by fine-grained soil.

A quick response in hydraulic head to precipitation was observed in the studied bedrock, despite the 10-m thick till cover. A substantial portion of observed head variations was found to be loading effects, involving no storage changes or water flow. The loading efficiency of the bedrock was estimated, from the air-pressure response, to be 0.95. The surface loading was calculated from measurements of air pressure, water in the soil, and snow. About 20% of the seasonal variation of the hydraulic head was estimated to be related to loading changes only. A simple conceptual model could be used to simulate the observed hydraulic heads. The loading effect had to be included to properly describe individual recharge events.

Numerical experiments were performed with a soil–bedrock profile. When the rock was modelled as a heterogeneous continuum, unsaturated zones developed at high hydraulic gradients. The phenomenon appeared in areas where low-conductive zones were located upstream of high-conductive zones, decreasing the effective hydraulic conductivity of the material.

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Books on the topic "Groundwater recharge Watershed hydrology"

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Risser, Dennis W. Comparison of methods for estimating ground-water recharge and base flow at a small watershed underlain by fractured bedrock in the eastern United States. Reston, Va: U.S. Geological Survey, 2005.

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Steuer, Jeffrey J. Use of a watershed-modeling approach to assess hydrologic effects of urbanization, North Fork Pheasant Branch basin near Middleton, Wisconsin. Middleton, Wis: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001.

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Steuer, Jeffrey J. Use of a watershed-modeling approach to assess hydrologic effects of urbanization, North Fork Pheasant Branch basin near Middleton, Wisconsin. Middleton, Wis: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001.

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Steuer, Jeffrey J. Use of a watershed-modeling approach to assess hydrologic effects of urbanization, North Fork Pheasant Branch basin near Middleton, Wisconsin. Middleton, Wis: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001.

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Steuer, Jeffrey J. Use of a watershed-modeling approach to assess hydrologic effects of urbanization, North Fork Pheasant Branch basin near Middleton, Wisconsin. Middleton, Wis: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001.

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Steuer, Jeffrey J. Use of a watershed-modeling approach to assess hydrologic effects of urbanization, North Fork Pheasant Branch basin near Middleton, Wisconsin. Middleton, Wis: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001.

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Steuer, Jeffrey J. Use of a watershed-modeling approach to assess hydrologic effects of urbanization, North Fork Pheasant Branch basin near Middleton, Wisconsin. Middleton, Wis: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001.

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Steuer, Jeffrey J. Use of a watershed-modeling approach to assess hydrologic effects of urbanization, North Fork Pheasant Branch basin near Middleton, Wisconsin. Middleton, Wis: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001.

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Knight, Rodney R. Water resources of the Duck River watershed, Tennessee. Reston, Va: U.S. Geological Survey, 2007.

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Orr, Laura A. Estimates of ground-water recharge from precipitation to glacial-deposit and bedrock aquifers on Lopez, San Juan, Orcas, and Shaw Islands, San Juan County, Washington. Tacoma, Wash: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Groundwater recharge Watershed hydrology"

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Islam, Sirajul, and Bipul Talukdar. "Water Supply System Planning by Artificial Groundwater Recharge from Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting." In Urban Hydrology, Watershed Management and Socio-Economic Aspects, 145–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40195-9_12.

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Yamanaka, Tsutomu. "Vadose Zone Hydrology and Groundwater Recharge." In Global Environmental Studies, 29–44. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54968-0_3.

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Wilson, John L., and Huade Guan. "Mountain-block hydrology and mountain-front recharge." In Groundwater Recharge in a Desert Environment: The Southwestern United States, 113–37. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/009wsa08.

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Bayard, Daniel, and Manfred Stähli. "Effects of Frozen Soil on the Groundwater Recharge in Alpine Areas." In Climate and Hydrology in Mountain Areas, 73–83. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470858249.ch7.

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Chandrakanth, M. G. "Supply-Side Economic Contribution of Watershed Programme to Groundwater Recharge." In Water Resource Economics, 139–48. New Delhi: Springer India, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2479-2_10.

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Singh, Deepesh, and Bithin Datta. "Linked Optimization Model for Groundwater Monitoring Network Design." In Urban Hydrology, Watershed Management and Socio-Economic Aspects, 107–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40195-9_9.

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Barbieri, Maurizio, Stefania Vitale, and Giuseppe Sappa. "Climate Change Effects on Groundwater Recharge in Some Subsaharian Areas." In Advances in Sustainable and Environmental Hydrology, Hydrogeology, Hydrochemistry and Water Resources, 309–11. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01572-5_73.

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Msaddek, Mohamed Haythem, Dhekra Souissi, Yahya Moumni, Ismail Chenini, and Mahmoud Dlala. "Multivariate Statistical Evaluation of Groundwater Recharge Potential in Arid Region, Southern Tunisia." In Advances in Sustainable and Environmental Hydrology, Hydrogeology, Hydrochemistry and Water Resources, 347–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01572-5_81.

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Wadi, Dafalla, Wenbing Wu, and Abuzar Fuad. "Evaluation of the Potential for Artificial Groundwater Recharge of Crystalline Rocks Aquifer, Nuba Mountains (Sudan)." In Advances in Sustainable and Environmental Hydrology, Hydrogeology, Hydrochemistry and Water Resources, 333–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01572-5_78.

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Verma, S. K., S. P. Rai, M. S. Rao, and C. P. Kumar. "Assessment of Groundwater Recharge due to Monsoon in Ozar Watershed of Maharashtra State Using Isotopic Technique." In Geostatistical and Geospatial Approaches for the Characterization of Natural Resources in the Environment, 245–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18663-4_38.

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Conference papers on the topic "Groundwater recharge Watershed hydrology"

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Sánchez-Murillo, Ricardo. "Tracer hydrology of the data-scarce and heterogeneous Central American Isthmus." In I Congreso Internacional de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Universidad Nacional, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15359/cicen.1.36.

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Abstract:
Numerous socio-economic activities depend on the seasonal rainfall and groundwater recharge cycle across the Central American Isthmus. Population growth and unregulated land use changes resulted in extensive surface water pollution and a large dependency on groundwater resources. This chapter uses stable isotope variations in rainfall, surface water, and groundwater of Costa Rica, Nicaragua, El Salvador, and Honduras to develop a regionalized rainfall isoscape, isotopic lapse rates, spatial-temporal isotopic variations, and air mass back trajectories determining potential mean recharge elevations, moisture circulation patterns, and surface water-groundwater interactions. Intra-seasonal rainfall modes resulted in two isotopically depleted incursions (W-shaped isotopic pattern) during the wet season and two enriched pulses during the Mid-Summer Drought and the months of the strongest trade winds. Notable isotopic sub-cloud fractionation and near-surface secondary evaporation were identified as common denominators within the Central American Dry Corridor. Groundwater and surface water isotope ratios depicted the strong orographic separation into the Caribbean and Pacific domains, mainly induced by the governing moisture transport from the Caribbean Sea, complex rainfall producing systems across the N-S mountain range, and the subsequent mixing with local evapotranspiration, and, to a lesser degree, the eastern Pacific Ocean fluxes. Groundwater recharge was characterized by a) depleted recharge in highland areas (72.3%), b) rapid recharge via preferential flow paths (13.1%), and enriched recharge due to near-surface secondary fractionation (14.6%). Median recharge elevation ranged from 1,104 to 1,979 m a.s.l. These results are intended to enhance forest conservation practices, inform water protection regulations, and facilitate water security and sustainability planning in the Central American Isthmus.
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Hayashi, Masaki, Igor Pavlovskii, Saskia L. Noorduijn, Amir Niazi, and Laurence R. Bentley. "WATERSHED-SCALE STUDY OF GROUNDWATER RECHARGE IN THE CANADIAN PRAIRIES." In GSA Annual Meeting in Denver, Colorado, USA - 2016. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016am-283938.

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Job, Leonard (Brad). "Engineered Groundwater Recharge As Mitigation for Reduced Summer Low-Flow in the Upper Mattole River Watershed." In Watershed Management Conference 2010. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41143(394)34.

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Moysey, Stephen, Daniel Matz, Chiranjit Guha, Rangoori Ravindranath, Meenakshi Choudhary, and Sudershan Gangrade. "Integrating Hydrology and Geophysics to Evaluate the Impact of Artificial Recharge on Groundwater in Rural India." In Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 2011. Environment and Engineering Geophysical Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4133/1.3614054.

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Moysey, S., D. Matz, S. Gangrade, M. Choudhary, C. Guha, and R. Ravindranath. "SAGEEP4 Integrating Hydrology and Geophysics to Evaluate the Impact of Artificial Recharge on Groundwater in Rural India." In Near Surface 2011 - 17th EAGE European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20144490.

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Jorge Luiz Rabelo and Edson Cesar Wendland. "Assessment of groundwater recharge and water fluxes of the Guarani Aquifer System, Brazil." In 21st Century Watershed Technology: Improving Water Quality and Environment Conference Proceedings, 21-24 February 2010, Universidad EARTH, Costa Rica. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.29434.

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Mendoza, Carl, Maxwell C. Lukenbach, Christopher S. Spencer, Kevin J. Devito, Simon M. Landhausser, and Sean K. Carey. "RESOLVING THE NEED FOR GROUNDWATER RECHARGE VERSUS FOREST PRODUCTIVITY IN A RECLAIMED WATERSHED USING NUMERICAL MODELLING." In GSA Annual Meeting in Seattle, Washington, USA - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017am-306440.

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Kevin M Donnelly, Aurore M Larson, Rocky Powell, Keith D Tate, and Sepehr Baharlou. "Rehabilitation of an Urban Washington, DC Watershed via Stream Daylighting, Restoration, Groundwater Recharge, Erosion Control and Community Outreach." In TMDL 2010: Watershed Management to Improve Water Quality Proceedings, 14-17 November 2010 Hyatt Regency Baltimore on the Inner Harbor, Baltimore, Maryland USA. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.35738.

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Hagedorn, Benjamin K. "HYDROCHEMICAL AND14C CONSTRAINTS ON GROUNDWATER RECHARGE AND INTERBASIN FLOW IN A DESERT WATERSHED - A CASE STUDY FROM SOUTH-EASTERN NEVADA." In 112th Annual GSA Cordilleran Section Meeting. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016cd-274659.

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So Ra Ahn, Geun Ae Park, and Seong Joon Kim. "Assessing Future Climate and Land Use Change Impact on Streamflow and Groundwater Recharge of a Stream Watershed Using SLURP Hydrological Model." In 2008 Providence, Rhode Island, June 29 - July 2, 2008. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.24956.

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Reports on the topic "Groundwater recharge Watershed hydrology"

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Davisson, M. L., and T. P. Rose. Maxey-Eakin Methods for Estimating Groundwater Recharge in the Fenner Watershed, Southeastern California. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/793860.

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