Academic literature on the topic 'Growing sea'
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Journal articles on the topic "Growing sea"
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Radulovich, Ricardo, María José Rodríguez, and Rebeca Mata. "Growing halophytes floating at sea." Aquaculture Reports 8 (November 2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aqrep.2017.07.002.
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Wells, A. J., J. S. Wettlaufer, and S. A. Orszag. "Brine fluxes from growing sea ice." Geophysical Research Letters 38, no. 4 (February 2011): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010gl046288.
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Bell, Niall, and Jan Smith. "Coral growing on North Sea oil rigs." Nature 402, no. 6762 (December 1999): 601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/45127.
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Lambert, Gretchen. "Invasive sea squirts: A growing global problem." Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 342, no. 1 (March 2007): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2006.10.009.
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Kuradeniz, Turan. "FIG GROWING IN EASTERN BLACK SEA REGION (TURKEY)." Acta Horticulturae, no. 605 (April 2003): 205–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2003.605.30.
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Molemaker, M. Jeroen, and Henk A. Dijkstra. "Double diffusive and direct instabilities below growing sea ice." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 37, no. 16 (November 1994): 2547–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0017-9310(94)90292-5.
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Kawamura, Toshiyuki. "A Method for Growing Large Single Crystals of Sea Ice." Journal of Glaciology 32, no. 111 (1986): 302–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002214300001563x.
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Abstract A simple technique is presented for growing large single crystals of sea ice. Using this technique, crystals with dimensions of 20 cm × 20 cm × 10 cm or more can be readily obtained within an orientational accuracy of 3°. Such crystals can then be used to investigate the physical properties of sea ice.
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Kawamura, Toshiyuki. "A Method for Growing Large Single Crystals of Sea Ice." Journal of Glaciology 32, no. 111 (1986): 302–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/s002214300001563x.
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AbstractA simple technique is presented for growing large single crystals of sea ice. Using this technique, crystals with dimensions of 20 cm × 20 cm × 10 cm or more can be readily obtained within an orientational accuracy of 3°. Such crystals can then be used to investigate the physical properties of sea ice.
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Bergamasco, Filippo, and Alvise Benetazzo. "Spatially Distributed Sea Wave Measurements." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 2 (February 23, 2021): 238. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9020238.
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Johnson, Amy S., Jordan M. Salyers, Nicholas J. Alcorn, Olaf Ellers, and Jonathan D. Allen. "Externally visible fluorochrome marks and allometries of growing sea urchins." Invertebrate Biology 132, no. 3 (June 24, 2013): 251–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ivb.12024.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Growing sea"
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Goodkin, Nathalie Fairbank. "Geochemistry of slow-growing corals : reconstructing sea surface temperature, salinity and the North Atlantic Oscillation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/40969.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Joint Program in Chemical Oceanography (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), 2007.Includes bibliographical references.
A 225-year old coral from the south shore of Bermuda (64°W, 320N) provides a record of decadal-to-centennial scale climate variability. The coral was collected live, and sub-annual density bands seen in x-radiographs delineate cold and warm seasons allowing for precise dating. Coral skeletons incorporate strontium (Sr) and calcium (Ca) in relative proportions inversely to the sea surface temperature (SST) in which the skeleton is secreted. [Delta]180 of the coral skeleton changes based on both temperature and the [delta]180 of sea water ([delta]Ow), and 6Ow is proportional to sea surface salinity (SSS). Understanding long-term climate variability requires the reconstruction of key climate parameters, such as sea surface temperature (SST) and salinity, in records extending beyond the relatively short instrumental period. The high accretion rates, longevity, and skeletal growth bands found in coral skeletons make them an ideal resource for well-dated, seasonal climate reconstructions. Growing between 2 and 6 mm/year and reaching more than im in length, slow-growing corals provide multi-century records from one colony. Additionally, unlike the fast growing (10-20 mm/year) species Porites, slow-growing species are generally found in both tropical and sub-tropical locations greatly expanding the geographical location of these records. A high resolution record (HRR, ~11 samples per year) was drilled for the entire length of the coral record (218 years). Samples were split and Sr/Ca, [delta]180, and [delta]13C were measured for each sample. Sr/Ca was used to reconstruct winter time and mean-annual SST. Oxygen isotopic measurements were used to determine directional salinity changes, in conjunction with Sr/Ca based SST reconstructions.
(cont.) Winter-time and mean annual SSTs show SSTs -1.5 'C colder during the end of the Little Ice Age (LIA) relative to today. Simultaneously, SSS is fresher during that time. Sr/Ca based climate reconstructions from coral skeletons have been met with some skepticism because some reconstructions show temperature changes back in time that are 2-4 times greater than the reconstructions of other marine proxies. In this study, we show that when using bulk-sampled, slow-growing corals, two steps are critical to producing accurate reconstructions: 1) incorporating growth rate into multi-variant regressions with SST and Sr/Ca and 2) using multiple colonies that grew at the same time with varying average growth rates and Sr/Ca. Application of these novel methods over the period of the instrumental record from Hydrostation S (monthly since 1954, 32°10'N, 64°30'W) reduces the root mean square of the residuals between the reconstructed SST and the instrumental SST by as much as 1.52'C to 0.460C for three coral colonies. Winter-time SSTs at Bermuda are correlated to phases of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), a meridional oscillation in atmospheric mass. Much uncertainty remains about the relationship between the NAO and the ocean, and one critical outstanding question is whether anthropogenic changes are perturbing the system. Using winter Sr/Ca as a proxy for temperature, we show strong coherence to the NAO at multi-decadal and inter-annual frequencies. These coral records show significant changes in variance in the NAO during the late 20th century compared to the cooler LIA, but limited changes in the mean phase (positive or negative) of the NAO, implying that climate change may be pushing the NAO to extremes but not to a new mean position.
by Nathalie Fairbank Goodkin.
Ph.D.
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Du, Preez Chrisna Barbara. "A mesoscale investigation of the sea breeze in the Stellenbosch winegrowing district." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-02092007-093317.
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Estruch, Cucarella Guillem. "ASSESSMENT OF THE LONG-TERM IMPACT OF HIGH PLANT PROTEIN DIETS ON THE INTESTINAL STATUS OF THE ON-GROWING GILTHEAD SEA BREAM (Sparus aurata, L.)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/113063.
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Aunque el uso de altos niveles de fuentes de proteína vegetal en piensos para doradas de engorde se ha alcanzado con éxito en cuanto al crecimiento, estas dietas todavía están asociadas a efectos negativos en la eficiencia nutricional y en la capacidad inmunitaria. El intestino es el órgano donde se produce la primera interacción entre el pez, los nutrientes y las bacterias del medio, y desarrolla un papel crucial en la digestión de los nutrientes y la respuesta infamatoria e inmune. Esta tesis doctoral se centra en el impacto de distintas dietas con altos niveles de proteína vegetal, y especialmente, en la evaluación del estatus intestinal de las doradas de engorde alimentadas con altos niveles de sustitución de la harina de pescado durante un periodo largo de tiempo.
Los cambios observados en el intestino se caracterizaron mediante el uso de distintas estrategias, como el análisis de la digestibilidad y la retención de amino ácidos, de la excreción de amonio, de la actividad de enzimas digestivos, de los cambios histológico o de la expresión de genes relacionados con la función y el mantenimiento de la arquitectura intestinal, así como técnicas ómicas para el análisis del proteoma y de la microbiota intestinal. Se ensayaron distintos niveles de sustitución de harina de pescado, pero el impacto de las dietas con una sustitución completa, bien complementada con subproductos de origen marino o suplementada con aminoácidos libres sintéticos, recibió mayor atención.
La sustitución completa de la harina de pescado provocó una reducción, aunque ligera, del crecimiento y de la eficiencia digestiva y nutritiva de la dorada de engorde, aunque el impacto sobre el crecimiento era mayor cuando los peces eran alimentados desde la época de juveniles con estas dietas. La digestibilidad y el nivel de síntesis de proteína se vio alterada, aunque no se observaron diferencias significativas en la actividad enzimática digestiva. No obstante, el impacto de las fuentes vegetales cuando no había fuentes de proteína marina en la dieta era especialmente crítico para la supervivencia de los peces. En el intestino de estos peces solo se observaron diferencias menores relacionadas con la inflamación a nivel histológico, pero también se observó una disminución en la expresión génica de genes involucrados en la inflamación y la respuesta inmune. El análisis de la microbiota intestinal reveló cambios significativos en la composición de su composición, especialmente en el intestino posterior, sugiriendo una posible falta de capacidad de regular la respuesta inmune y de modular la colonización de bacterias patógenas tras un largo periodo de alimentación con esta dieta. Por otro lado, el análisis del proteoma de la mucosa intestinal también mostró un claro impacto sobre distintos procesos biológicos relacionados con el mantenimiento del homeostasis intestinal y de la integridad epitelial. Por el contrario, no se observó un impacto de la sustitución de la harina de pescado a nivel de expresión génica o del proteoma cuando se incorporaba a la dieta una fuente de proteína marina complementaria, aunque sí que se observaron algunos signos menores de inflamación.
Por último, se desarrolló un sistema ex vivo para estudiar la respuesta inflamatoria e inmune de la mucosa intestinal a la presencia de distintas bacterias, y se realizó un ensayo preliminar en dorada para evaluar el efecto de la dieta sobre esta respuesta.
En resumen, en este trabajo se ha realizado una evaluación extensa y detallada de los efectos a nivel intestinal de la inclusión de altos niveles de proteína vegetal en la dieta para doradas de engorde. Los resultados indican que las alteraciones en la capacidad inmune, la homeostasis y la microbiota intestinal aparecían solo cuando la proteína procedía exclusivamente de fuentes vegetales, y podrían explicar la mayor mortalidad registrada con esta dieta.Malgrat que la utilització d'alts nivells de proteïna vegetal en pinsos per a dorades en la fase d'engreixament s'ha aconseguit amb èxit en quan al creixement, aquestes dietes encara s'associen amb freqüència amb efectes negatius en l'eficiència nutricional i la capacitat immunitària. L'intestí és l'òrgan on es produeix la primera interacció entre el peix, els nutrients de la dieta i les bactèries de l'ambient, i juga un paper fonamental en la digestió dels nutrients i en la resposta inflamatòria i immune. Aquesta tesi doctoral es centra en l'impacte de diferents dietes experimentals amb un alt nivell de proteïna vegetal, i especialment, en l'avaluació de l'estat de l'intestí de les dorades d'engreixament alimentades durant un llarg període amb alts nivells de substitució de farina de peix. Els distints canvis observats a nivell intestinal es van descriure mitjançant l'ús de distintes estratègies, com l'anàlisi de la digestibilitat i la retenció dels aminoàcids, de l'excreció d'amoni i de l'activitat enzimàtica, dels canvis histològic o de l'expressió de gens relacionats amb la funció i el manteniment de l'estructura intestinal, així com tècniques òmiques per a l'anàlisi del proteoma i de la microbiota intestinal. Es van assatjar diferents nivells de substitució de farina de peix, però l'impacte de les dietes amb substitució completa, bé complementada amb subproductes d'origen marí o suplementada amb aminoàcids lliures sintètics, va rebre major atenció. La substitució completa de la farina de peix va tenir un efecte lleugerament negatiu sobre el creixement i l'eficiència digestiva i nutritiva de la dorada d'engreixament, encara que l'impacte era major quan els peixos eren alimentats des de la fase de juvenils amb aquesta dieta. La digestibilitat i el nivell de síntesis de proteïna es va veure alterada, encara que no s'observaren diferències significatives en l'activitat dels enzims digestius. No obstant, l'impacte de les fonts vegetals quan s'eliminaven per complet les fonts de proteïna marina de la dieta era especialment crític en la supervivència dels peixos. En l'intestí d'aquests peixos sols s'observaren xicotets indicis d'inflamació a nivell histològic, però també es va observar una disminució l'expressió de gens involucrats amb el procés inflamatori i la resposta immune. L'estudi de la microbiota intestinal va revelar canvis significatius en la composició, especialment a l'intestí posterior, suggerint una possible falta de capacitat de regular la resposta immunitària i de modular la colonització per part de patògens després d'un llarg període d'alimentació amb aquesta dieta. D'altra banda, l'anàlisi del proteoma de la mucosa intestinal també va mostrar un impacte clar sobre diferents processos biològics relacionats amb el manteniment de l'homeòstasi intestinal i de la integritat de l'epiteli. Per contra, no es van observar un impacte de la substitució de la farina de peix a nivell d'expressió gènica o proteoma quan s'incloïa a la dieta una font complementària de proteïna d'origen marí, encara que sí que s'observaven alguns signes d'inflamació. Per últim, es va desenvolupar un sistema ex vivo per avaluar la resposta inflamatòria i immune de la mucosa intestinal davant la presència de diferents bactèries, i es va realitzar un assaig preliminar per determinar l'efecte de la dieta sobre aquesta resposta. En resum, en aquest treball s'ha realitzat una avaluació extensa i detallada dels efectes a nivell intestinal de la inclusió d'alts nivells de fonts de proteïna vegetal a les dieta per a les dorades d'engreixament. Els resultats indiquen que les alteracions en la capacitat immunitària, l'homeòstasi i la microbiota intestinal eren observades solament quan la proteïna era exclusivament obtinguda de fonts vegetals, i podrien explicar la major mortalitat observada amb aquesta dieta.
Although the inclusion of plant protein sources at high levels in aquafeeds for on-growing gilthead seabream has been successfully achieved on gilthead seabream in terms of growth, these diets are still associated to detrimental effects in feed efficiency and immune capacity. The intestine is the organ where takes place the first interaction of the host with dietary antigen or environmental bacteria, and plays a major role in the digestion of nutrients and the inflammatory and the immune response. The present PhD thesis focus on the impact of classical formulated high plant protein diets on fish performance, but especially, on evaluation of the intestinal status in on-growing fish long-term fed with high levels of fishmeal replacement. Changes at intestinal level were characterized by using different approaches, including protein and amino acid digestibility and retention and ammonia excretion, digestive enzyme activity, histology, expression of genes related with inflammation, immunity, structure and digestion, but also using whole tissue-level techniques for the analysis of the impact on proteome and gut microbiota. Different levels of fishmeal replacement were assayed, although the impact of diets with total replacement, complemented by inclusion of alternative marine by-products or supplemented by free amino acids, received greater attention. Total fish replacement produced a negative but minor impact on the growth and nutritive and digestive performance of on-growing gilthead seabream. Nevertheless, when fish were fed from juvenile stage with plant protein based diets, a higher negative impact in growth terms was noticed. Digestibility and metabolic use of amino acids was altered, but no differences were observed in the digestive enzyme activities. Nonetheless, feeding fish with total dietary fishmeal replacement by plant protein without any marine protein source was especially critical for survival rate. In these fish, gut histological assessment only revealed minor alterations related with an inflammatory response, but gene expression assay showed a down-regulation of several genes involved in the inflammatory and immune response. Moreover, a drastic change in the microbiota composition was observed, especially at the hindgut, revealing a possible lack of capacity to regulate a defensive response and to face with pathogen colonisation after a long-term coupling with these diet. Likewise, gut mucosa proteome analysis also suggests an impact on biological processes related with the maintenance of gut homeostasis and the epithelial integrity. In contrast, total fishmeal replacement did not induce alterations at transcript or proteomic level when diet was complemented with marine ingredients, although some minor inflammatory signs were reported. On the other hand, an ex vivo system to study the inflammatory and immune response of the gut mucosa to the presence of different bacteria was developed, and a preliminary assay evaluating the impact of the diet on this response was performed. To sum up, present works represents a wide assessment at intestinal level of the effects of including plant protein sources at high levels in aqua feeds for on-growing gilthead seabream. Results indicate that alterations in the immune capacity, the gut homeostasis and the microbiota were observed when protein was exclusively provided by plant sources, and could explain the higher mortality reported with this diet.
Estruch Cucarella, G. (2018). ASSESSMENT OF THE LONG-TERM IMPACT OF HIGH PLANT PROTEIN DIETS ON THE INTESTINAL STATUS OF THE ON-GROWING GILTHEAD SEA BREAM (Sparus aurata, L.) [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/113063
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Chen, Maosi, William J. Parton, Grosso Stephen J. Del, Melannie D. Hartman, Ken A. Day, Compton J. Tucker, Justin D. Derner, et al. "The signature of sea surface temperature anomalies on the dynamics of semiarid grassland productivity." WILEY, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626547.
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We used long-term observations of grassland aboveground net plant production (ANPP, 19392016), growing seasonal advanced very-high-resolution radiometer remote sensing normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data (1982-2016), and simulations of actual evapotranspiration (1912-2016) to evaluate the impact of Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies on a semiarid grassland in northeastern Colorado. Because ANPP was well correlated (R-2 = 0.58) to cumulative April to July actual evapotranspiration (iAET) and cumulative growing season NDVI (iNDVI) was well correlated to iAET and ANPP (R-2 = 0.62 [quadratic model] and 0.59, respectively), we were able to quantify interactions between the long-duration (15-30 yr) PDO temperature cycles and annual-duration ENSO SST phases on ANPP. We found that during cold-phase PDOs, mean ANPP and iNDVI were lower, and the frequency of low ANPP years (drought years) was much higher, compared to warm-phase PDO years. In addition, ANPP, iNDVI, and iAET were highly variable during the cold-phase PDOs. When NINO-3 (ENSO index) values were negative, there was a higher frequency of droughts and lower frequency of wet years regardless of the PDO phase. PDO and NINO-3 anomalies reinforced each other resulting in a high frequency of above-normal iAET (52%) and low frequency of drought (20%) when both PDO and NINO-3 values were positive and the opposite pattern when both PDO and NINO-3 values were negative (24% frequency of above normal and 48% frequency of drought). Precipitation variability and subsequent ANPP dynamics in this grassland were dampened when PDO and NINO-3 SSTs had opposing signs. Thus, primary signatures of these SSTs in this semiarid grassland are (1) increased interannual variability in ANPP during cold-phase PDOs, (2) drought with low ANPP occurring in almost half of those years with negative values of PDO and NINO-3, and (3) high precipitation and ANPP common in years with positive PDO and NINO-3 values.
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Nilsson, Erik Olof. "Fluxes and Mixing Processes in the Marine Atmospheric Boundary Layer." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Luft-, vatten och landskapslära, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-195875.
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Atmospheric models are strongly dependent on the turbulent exchange of momentum, sensible heat and moisture (latent heat) at the surface. Oceans cover about 70% of the Earth’s surface and understanding the processes that control air-sea exchange is of great importance in order to predict weather and climate. In the atmosphere, for instance, hurricane development, cyclone intensity and track depend on these processes. Ocean waves constitute an obvious example of air-sea interaction and can cause the air-flow over sea to depend on surface conditions in uniquely different ways compared to boundary layers over land. When waves are generated by wind they are called wind sea or growing sea, and when they leave their generation area or propagate faster than the generating wind they are called swell. The air-sea exchange is mediated by turbulent eddies occurring on many different scales. Field measurements and high-resolution turbulence resolving numerical simulations have here been used to study these processes. The standard method to measure turbulent fluxes is the eddy covariance method. A spatial separation is often used between instruments when measuring scalar flux; this causes an error which was investigated for the first time over sea. The error is typically smaller over ocean than over land, possibly indicating changes in turbulence structure over sea. Established and extended analysis methods to determine the dominant scales of momentum transfer was used to interpret how reduced drag and sometimes net upward momentum flux can persist in the boundary layer indirectly affected by swell. A changed turbulence structure with increased turbulence length scales and more effective mixing was found for swell. A study, using a coupled wave-atmosphere regional climate model, gave a first indication on what impact wave mixing have on atmosphere and wave parameters. Near surface wind speed and wind gradients was affected especially for shallow boundary layers, which typically increased in height from the introduced wave-mixing. A large impact may be expected in regions of the world with predominant swell. The impact of swell waves on air-sea exchange and mixing should be taken into account to develop more reliable coupled Earth system models.
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Melanson, Paul M. "Damage and microstructural change in laboratory grown ice under high pressure zone conditions /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0002/MQ34208.pdf.
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Varanda, Ana Carolina Vieira d´Avó. "Influência do substrato na fitossanidade, na produção e na qualidade de morangos produzidos em sistema hidropónico fechado "New growing systems"." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/22364.
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Este estudo teve como objectivo avaliar a influência de dois substratos na
fitossanidade, na produção e na qualidade de morangos ‘San andreas’, produzidos em
sistema hidropónico fechado “New Growing Systems”. O ensaio foi realizado na empresa
Estufas do Vale, Lda, em Almeirim. Foi avaliada a fitossanidade, o pH e a condutividade
eléctrica da solução drenada, a produção total e comercial e a qualidade dos frutos, através
do peso médio por fruto, do calibre (diâmetro longitudinal e transversal) e do teor de
sólidos solúveis totais. Os substratos não estavam isentos de agentes patogénicos,
propagando-se rapidamente através da água por todo o sistema, afectando tanto a
produção como a qualidade dos morangos. O tipo de substrato não afectou a
produtividade nem a qualidade dos frutos. A produção total e comercial média foi de 292
e 185 g/planta, respectivamente. O ºBrix variou durante o ciclo, tendo apresentado valores
entre 4,83 e 10,25; Abstract:
Influence of the substrate on phytosanitary, production and quality of strawberries grown in a closed hydroponic systems “New Growing Systems”
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the influence of two substrates on the phytosanitary, production and quality of ‘San andreas’ strawberries, cultivated in a closed hydroponic system – “New Growing Systems”. The test took place at the company “Estufas do Vale, Lda” in Almeirim. The phytosanitary, pH, electrical conductivity of the drained solution, total and commercial production, and fruit quality was tested by the average weight per fruit, by the caliber (longitudinal and transversal diameter) and by the content of total soluble solids. The substrates were not exempt of diseases, which quickly propagated through the water across the whole system, affecting not only the production but the quality of the strawberries as well. The type of substrate didn’t show any signs of affecting production nor fruit quality. The mean total and commercial production was of 292 g/plant and 185 g/plant, respectively. The degree Brix fluctuated during the cycle, presenting values between 4,83 and 10,25.
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Beck, Anderson de Medeiros. "O PROCESSO DE MUDANÇA NA DEMELFOR S.A: UM ESTUDO DE CASO NO SETOR ORIZICOLA URUGUAIO." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2008. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/8057.
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This study deals with the change process in an interprise of the rice growing sector, whose headquarter is located at the Artigas Department, Uruguay, in the period 1990-2007. It is a qualitative study case, based on pre-structured interviews with six directors, allowing us to describe and analyse the main strategic changes and structures undergone by the company under the view of eight key-questionings: dominant coalition formation, establishment of a view of the future, communication in the organization, formation of a team to implement the change, mobilization promotion and members participation, planning and strategies specification, capacitation and human resources development and finally definition of performance indicators. Other studies focusing on human resources and their role in conducting the change process, and also studies on operational and tactic strategic indicators, developing the instrument to measure
the performance, and a study of the organizational change departing from the utilization of the performance indicators.Este estudo trata do processo de mudança em uma empresa do setor orizícola, com sede no Departamento de Artigas, Uruguai, no período compreendido entre 1990 e 2007. Trata-se de um estudo de caso qualitativo, baseado em entrevista pré-estruturada com os seis principais dirigentes, permitindo descrever e analisar as principais mudanças estratégicas e estruturais sofridas pela empresa sob a ótica de oito questionamentos-chave: formação da coalizão dominante, estabelecimento da visão de futuro, comunicação na organização, formação da equipe de implementação da mudança, promoção da mobilização e participação dos colaboradores, planejamento e especificação das estratégias, capacitação e desenvolvimento dos recursos humanos e definição dos indicadores de desempenho. Recomendam-se outros estudos sob o enfoque dos recursos humanos e seu papel na condução de processo de mudança, além de estudos sobre indicadores estratégicos, desdobrando-os em operacionais e táticos, desenvolvendo o instrumento completo de medição de desempenho, bem como estudos sobre a verificação da mudança organizacional a partir da utilização de indicadores de desempenho.
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Abohassan, Refaat Atalla Ahmed. "Productivity and nutrient dynamics of Avicennia Marina (Forsk.) Vierh. mangroves grown on the Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia." Thesis, Bangor University, 2010. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/productivity-and-nutrient-dynamics-of-avicennia-marina-forsk-vierh-mangroves-grown-on-the-red-sea-coast-of-saudi-arabia(0967829c-427b-4961-8b98-6d9a1ecc22d8).html.
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This study aimed to investigate productivity, nutrient cycling and heavy metal pollution in two A. marina stands on the Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia. The mangrove stands were located at Yanbu region (northern Red Sea) and at Shuaiba region (southern Red Sea). Aboveground biomass production was estimated by developing site specific allometric equations with height and diameter at breast height as biomass predictors. Annual litterfall production was estimated over two years using litter traps and the fate of the fallen litter (i.e. accumulation under mangrove stands. removal and export to adjacent waters) was assessed by estimating standing crop leaf litter and monitoring tidal levels and crab activities. Aerial root biomass was estimated by harvesting roots within ground quadrats; fine root biomass was estimated using random coring. Nutrient cycling in the mangrove systems was assessed by litter decomposition and the release of carbon and nitrogen from the decomposing litter. In addition. the importance of mangrove derived carbon as an energy source to the aquatic animals was estimated by DC stable isotope analysis. The levels and dynamics of eight heavy metal contaminants in mangrove systems were assessed by estimating metal levels in sediment. mangrove components and in the decomposing litter. It was found that aboveground biomass was greater in Shuaiba (18.58 ha-I) than in Yanbu (10.77 t ha") (p <0.05); the overall aboveground biomass (14.77 t ha-I) was comparable to estimates reported in other locations at similar extreme environmental conditions. Both aerial and fine root biomass was greater in Shuaiba ( 23.7 t ha" and 96.4 t ha') than in Yanbu ( 10.1 t ha" and 39.1 t ha" for aerial and fine roots respectively. and overall fine roots estimate (67.8 t ha') was comparable to estimates from subtropical and hypersaline regions. Litterfall production was similar in both sites with an overall production of 3.57 t ha" / and litterfall accumulated on the forest floor rather than being exported to adjacent waters owing to low tidal ranges. No significant differences were found in litter decomposition with an overall k value of 0.0076 and half life of 91 days. The levels of carbon and nitrogen at the end of the decomposition period were higher than at the beginning (p <0.05) indicating changes in the leaf chemical composition and microbial activities. However, nitrogen levels in fresh leaves were significantly higher than in senescent leaves indicating nitrogen resorption. The mangrove derived carbon was of moderate importance to a number of crab and fish species; however, this importance was offset by the contribution of other carbon sources to the diet of these animals. Heavy metal pollution in the studied sites was low compared to other contaminated regions, however, heavy metal levels were always higher in the polluted site (Yanbu) than in the minimally exposed site (Shuaiba) indicating the need for monitoring and assessment in other similar sites on the Red Sea coast.
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Edge, Shaun Joseph. "The growing role of Special Forces in modern warfare with specific reference to the United States of America." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/27310.
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The objective of this study is to assess the growing role of Special Forces in modern warfare, with specific reference to the United States of America. The main question that the study seeks to address is what are the implications of the growing role of Special Forces in modern warfare? The study also seeks to ascertain why exactly this growth is occurring and whether or not this will have a bearing on the future of not only the manner in which the US conducts conflict but also global conflict as a whole. In order to address these issues the study will look at conventional and unconventional warfare and forces; the roles and missions of Special Forces and the composition of US Special Forces; the role of US Special Forces in modern warfare prior to the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks; and the role of the US Special Forces in the 2001 invasion of Afghanistan. An analysis of conventional and unconventional warfare as concepts, as well as the forces that constitute conventional and unconventional forces was first done in order to provide some perspective into what these concepts and forces are and more specifically, what differentiates them. Specific reference was made here to the United States’ approach to warfare from the days of the American Revolution up to and including the end of the Cold War. Emphasis is placed on the growing role of US Special Forces throughout the study and this is achieved through the use of four major case studies, namely the 1991 Gulf War; Somalia (1992-1993); the Balkans (1995-2001); and the 2001 ‘Special Forces war’ in Afghanistan. The case studies that dealt with the 1991 Gulf War, Somalia and the Balkans elucidated the growing role of both unconventional warfare and specifically US Special Forces and Special Mission Units since the end of the Cold War. The case study of the 2001 invasion of Afghanistan provided the culmination of the shift from conventional to unconventional warfare and the execution of the campaign as a ‘Special Forces war.’ The study demonstrates that since the end of the Cold War in the 1990’s, unconventional warfare has increasingly become more ubiquitous and can be said to be replacing, or at least equalling in stature, conventional warfare. This has the possibility of dramatically affecting how warfare is executed both currently and more importantly, in the future. The study went on to show that unconventional warfare is not akin to conventional warfare, especially with regard to the forces needed to respond to such conflicts and that Special Forces are the forces most applicable and most effective in dealing with unconventional warfare. The study confirms that Special Forces are the solution to the growing prominence of unconventional warfare and that countries, and specifically the United States can more effectively counter the threat of unconventional warfare and unconventional forces by shifting Special Forces from a supporting component to conventional forces to a supported component. This would require a massive shift in alignment both for the United States as well as other major states’ militaries but as the study has shown, this is pertinent given that unconventional warfare and forces will most likely remain the primary threat that states and militaries will now faceDissertation (MSS)--University of Pretoria, 2010.
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Books on the topic "Growing sea"
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Bisaccia, Andy. Hannibal by the sea: Boyhood recollections of growing up in Santa Barbara, 1932 to 1945. Santa Barbara, Calif: Fithian Press, 1998.
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Peters, Derek. Memories of a sea gipsy: About growing up in wartime Belfast and life as a freelance Radio Officer on board British, Greek and Norwegian ships. Belfast (106, Stranmillis Road, BT9 5AE): Arc Publications, 1994.
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Janssen, Diederik Floris. Growing up sexually. Victoria Park, W.A: Books Reborn, 2003.
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1955-, Tourtillotte Barb, ed. Growing responsible kids. Torrance, Calif: Totline Publications, 1997.
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1955-, Tourtillotte Barb, ed. Growing happy kids. Torrance, Calif: Totline Publications, 1997.
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1955-, Tourtillotte Barb, ed. Growing thinking kids. Torrance, Calif: Totline Publications, 1997.
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1955-, Tourtillotte Barb, ed. Growing creative kids. Torrance, Calif: Totline Publications, 1997.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Growing sea"
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Paul, Michael. "Europe and the South China Sea." In Europe in an Era of Growing Sino-American Competition, 92–106. First edition. | New York : Routledge, 2021. | Series: Routledge studies in European security and strategy: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003007746-8.
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Buschbaum, Christian. "Direct and indirect effects of Littorina littorea (L.) on barnacles growing on mussel beds in the Wadden Sea." In Island, Ocean and Deep-Sea Biology, 119–28. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1982-7_11.
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De Graef, Pieter. "Urban development and local food production. Ability and inability of feeding growing cities by urban agriculture, nineteenth-century industrialising Belgium." In Comparative Rural History of the North Sea Area, 147–79. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols Publishers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.corn-eb.5.118258.
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Hilmola, Olli-Pekka. "Unitized Cargo: Growing Truck-Based Volumes at the Sea Ports of Estonia, Sweden and Finland." In The Sulphur Cap in Maritime Supply Chains, 53–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98545-9_4.
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Eichler, Jan. "The Growing Militarisation of the Baltic and Black Sea Areas After the End of the Cold War." In Global Power Shift, 99–136. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66641-5_5.
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Macklem, Gayle L. "Social Emotional Learning Movement Growing Pains." In Brief SEL Interventions at School, 1–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65695-9_1.
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Akoka, Karen, Olivier Clochard, Iris Polyzou, and Camille Schmoll. "What’s in a Street? Exploring Suspended Cosmopolitanism in Trikoupi, Nicosia." In IMISCOE Research Series, 101–10. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67365-9_8.
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AbstractSituated at the eastern part of the Mediterranean Sea, the island of Cyprus has always been a bridge as well as a border between the Middle East and Europe. It has also been an important place of both emigration and immigration. The situation in Nicosia, the capital city, is marked by decline following the 1974 conflict and partition. At the same time, however, the city has become an important settling place for international migrants, whose presence has grown during the last 20 years. Today Nicosia’s situation lies between a typical south European city (in which migrants find room in the interstices) and a post-war city. Following the growing effort within migration studies to use the street as a laboratory of diversity and cosmopolitanism (Susan Hall), this paper focuses on a single street. Formerly an important business street, Trikoupi Street is now well known as one of the most cosmopolitan streets in Nicosia, in which south Asians, Arabs, Sub-Saharan Africans as well as Eastern Europeans converge. These different populations correspond to different migratory waves as well as different modes of incorporation into local society. In this chapter, we aim to see how the street level may help us to reflect upon important topics in Cyprus such as contested citizenship, urban change, local/global connections, as well as new forms of cohabitation and patterns of subaltern cosmopolitanism. We also aim to reflect upon the multiple temporalities of the neighborhood, in order to show how the history of the street (and the history of the neighborhood) impacts on current ways of life in Trikoupi. We define the current situation as “suspended cosmopolitanism.”
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Semi, Giovanni. "Making Cosmopolitan Spaces: Urban Design, Ideology and Power." In IMISCOE Research Series, 29–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67365-9_3.
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AbstractThere is a growing scholarly consensus over the transformation of the urban public place from a challenging, conflicting and negotiated one to a festive and convivial place. Decades of gentrification, renewals and city branding have fostered an urban form made of well-regulated and controlled islands of publicness in a sea of privatopias. Beyond structural forces, urban policies and the action of households and citizens, a key role has been played by global architecture and design. With this chapter, we will address this issue looking precisely at the practices of conceiving and designing the public places by urban designers. How the ideals of a cosmopolis, urban and democratic, is put in place by professionals dealing with neoliberal constraints, post-democratic states and refined middle-class users? What is the contemporary meaning of cosmopolitanism, when related to the urban core? Cosmopolitanism for whom, under which conditions? The chapter will provide a case-study detailed analysis of the perspective of urban designers towards projects and urbanism, with a specific attention to public space design.
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Mupambwa, Hupenyu A., Martha K. Hausiku, Andreas S. Namwoonde, Gadaffi M. Liswaniso, Mayday Haulofu, and Samuel K. Mafwila. "Climate Change Implications and Mitigation in a Hyperarid Country: A Case of Namibia." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 2247–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_225.
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AbstractNamibia is the most arid country in sub-Saharan Africa characterized by the existence of two deserts, the Namib and the Kalahari. However, though being arid, agriculture still plays a critical role in Namibia’s economy, which includes both crop and animal production. Furthermore, the country is endowed with vast marine resources, with its marine waters being equivalent to two-thirds of Namibia’s terrestrial environment. In the face of climate change and a growing population, there is a need for Namibia to continue with its climate smart efforts which is critical in shifting the country from its current dependency on imports thus increasing the country’s food self-sufficiency. This chapter highlights the threats posed by climate change, both on land and the marine environment of the country, which has potential negative impacts on the economy. Current research being undertaken in Namibia on ocean acidification, sea water harvesting, climate smart agriculture, and atmospheric science, is also highlighted in this chapter. The information presented in this chapter will be critical in guiding climate change mitigation policies in hyperarid African countries, thus reducing the burden caused by the global change in climate. Aspects on the direction of future research on climate adaptation with a holistic and multidisciplinary approach are also proposed.
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Hunt, Jonny. "Quiz answers." In Sex Ed for Grown-Ups, 317–20. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003122296-27.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Growing sea"
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Ouchi, Kazuyuki, Midori Kurahashi, Masanobu Shibuya, Shigeru Tabeteta, and Kazuo Iseki. "The real sea experiment of seaweed growing with DOW." In 2016 Techno-Ocean (Techno-Ocean). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/techno-ocean.2016.7890652.
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Sengar, Prateek Singh, Surabhi Singh, and Naman Garg. "A constrained re-growing concept for object separation in sea images." In 2016 6th International Conference - Cloud System and Big Data Engineering (Confluence). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/confluence.2016.7508156.
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Bassett, Christopher, Andone Lavery, Ted Maksym, and Jeremy P. Wilkinson. "Laboratory measurements of high-frequency, broadband acoustic scattering of growing sea ice and oil beneath sea ice." In 167th Meeting of the Acoustical Society of America. Acoustical Society of America, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4893927.
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Bespalova, Lyudmila, Lyudmila Bespalova, Olga Ivlieva, Olga Ivlieva, Alla Tsygankova, Alla Tsygankova, Аlexander Ioshpa, et al. "MODERN ABRASION PROCESSES OF THE AZOV SEA COAST." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21610/conferencearticle_58b43151e7b8f.
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The Azov Sea Coast is subjected to a complex of hazardous exogenous geological processes, landslides and abrasion being the most important ones. Both natural and anthropogenic factors contribute to the development and intensification of these processes. These processes are currently growing due to an increased frequency of storm surges.
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Bespalova, Lyudmila, Lyudmila Bespalova, Olga Ivlieva, Olga Ivlieva, Alla Tsygankova, Alla Tsygankova, Аlexander Ioshpa, et al. "MODERN ABRASION PROCESSES OF THE AZOV SEA COAST." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b1b9488b31608.96638909.
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The Azov Sea Coast is subjected to a complex of hazardous exogenous geological processes, landslides and abrasion being the most important ones. Both natural and anthropogenic factors contribute to the development and intensification of these processes. These processes are currently growing due to an increased frequency of storm surges.
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Nerheim, Signild. "Growing demands for downscaling of climate information — examples from predictions of future sea levels." In 2008 IEEE/OES US/EU-Baltic International Symposium (BALTIC). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/baltic.2008.4625543.
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Qiyao Yu and D. A. Clausi. "Joint Image Segmentation and Interpretation Using Iterative Semantic Region Growing on SAR Sea Ice Imagery." In 18th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR'06). IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2006.734.
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Yamazaki, Tetsuo. "Quantitative Environmental Assessment for Deep-Sea Mining: Status and Approaches." In ASME 2009 28th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2009-79156.
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Deep-sea mining has been a subject of interest for several groups and countries for over four decades, due to its potential for the economic recovery of large reserves of minerals that would provide an alternative resource of strategic metals for industrial development. A deep-sea mining operation will offer a variety of challenges, owing to deep-sea mineral occurrences, extreme physical and chemical conditions and unknown environmental settings. Owing to growing concern for the environmental impact of deep-sea mining, multi-disciplinary environmental studies have been progressive in many countries. The historic approaches in the world are summarized. The important role of quantified environmental assessment for deep-sea mining is introduced. Some efforts necessary for keeping benthic habitat safe and sustainable in the coming commercial mining phases are discussed.
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Kaprielian, Gabriel. "Design as Play: Sea-Level Rise Planning Board Game." In 2018 ACSA International Conference. ACSA Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.intl.2018.39.
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The waterfront along the San Francisco Bay is facing a growing threat from sea-level rise. Over the years, the Bay Area has seen a large portion of the historic wetlands filled or leveled off for residential, commercial, and industrial land uses. According to current sea level rise projections, water will once again reclaim the bay lands that have been filled. The issues presented by sea level rise along the urban edge of the San Francisco Bay involve a complex series of challenges including: regional versus local governance, built versus natural environment, vulnerable local and regional infrastructure, diverging interests with diverse stakeholders, and population growth. With each possible future scenario come multiple outcomes with winners and losers. How can the best policy and design be selected and tested? How will distinct communities learn about different options and strategies for adaptation and be empowered to act? By creating and playing a sea level rise adaptation “game,” student were able to explore these different scenarios and inform future urban planning and design decisions.
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Navrotsky, Vladimir, Mats Blomstedt, Niklas Lundin, and Claes Uebel. "Continued Enhancement of SGT-600 Gas Turbine Design and Maintenance." In ASME Turbo Expo 2008: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2008-51143.
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Current power generation and oil & gas markets are dynamic with continuously growing requirements on gas turbines for high reliability and availability and low emissions and life cycle cost. In order to meet these growing requirements on the gas turbines, the OEM should sustain continued product improvement and employment of innovative solutions and technologies in the area of design, operation and maintenance. This paper describes the successful development and operation experiences of SGT-600 Siemens’ medium size gas turbine and in particular the latest achievements in maintenance and life cycle improvements. High reliability and availability of SGT-600 gas turbine were enabled by further improvements and modifications of the combustor, compressor turbine blade 1 and vane 1, power turbine diffuser and control system. The developed modifications enable operators to utilize the opportunity: • to extend the life cycle of the engine beyond 120,000 EOH (Equivalent Operating Hours), up to 180,000 EOH, depending on the previous operation profile and history of the installation; • to extend the maintenance intervals from 20,000 EOH to 30,000 EOH and that to increase the availability of the engine by up to 1%; • to reduce the emission level to the latest SGT-600 standards.
Reports on the topic "Growing sea"
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Aldendifer, Elise, McKenzie Coe, Taylor Faught, Ian Klein, Peter Kuylen, Keeli Lane, Robert Loughran, et al. The Safe and Efficient Development of Offshore Transboundary Hydrocarbons: Best Practices from the North Sea and Their Application to the Gulf of Mexico. Edited by Gabriel Eckstein. Texas A&M University School of Law Program in Energy, Environmental, & Natural Resource Systems, September 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/eenrs.offshoretransboundaryhydrocarbons.
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Offshore hydrocarbon resources have been developed for many decades, and with technology improvements, many fields which were once impossible to develop, are now economically and technologically feasible. This has led to a growing difficulty in determining the legislative and regulatory framework for resources that straddle the recognized borders between two states. In this paper, we examine a successful framework agreement governing the transboundary resources between the United Kingdom (“U.K.”) and Norway in the North Sea, and the agreement between the United States and Mexico governing the Gulf of Mexico. Following the 2013 Energy Reform, the Mexican energy sector has been revitalized, leading to greater exploration, development, and production than ever before. This means that in the near future transboundary resources may be licensed for production, bringing the issues highlighted in this paper to the attention of multiple government and international entities. This paper seeks to recommend improvements to the transboundary framework in the Gulf of Mexico based on the successful framework agreement utilized in the North Sea. This paper begins by introducing international law for offshore resources in Part II. Part III discusses the offshore regulatory regimes in the U.K. and Norway, analyzing how the two states have successfully used bilateral agreements to facilitate cooperation regarding effective exploitation and apportionment of costs from cross-boundary offshore oil and gas projects in the North Sea. Part IV discusses the offshore regulatory regimes in the United States and Mexico and analyzes the current transboundary agreement in place for the Gulf of Mexico. Part V compares the transboundary agreement governing the North Sea and the same governing the Gulf of Mexico. We highlight the major differences in the agreements and suggest changes to the Gulf of Mexico agreement based on the successful North Sea agreement. Finally, this paper concludes and provides key policy recommendations to improve the rules and regulations surrounding the exploitation of transboundary hydrocarbons in the Gulf of Mexico.
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Nolan, Anne, and Emer Smyth. Talking about sex and sexual behaviour of young people in Ireland. ESRI, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26504/rs112.
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Research from a joint ESRI/HSE Health and Wellbeing research programme analyses how young people receive information on sex and relationships. Using data from the Growing up in Ireland ’98 Cohort at 13 and 17 years of age, the research also examines the role of this information in shaping sexual behaviours among Irish adolescents. The research finds that four in ten 17 year-olds have not spoken to their parents about sex and relationships.
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Penje, Oskar, and Anna Berlina. Recruitment and retention in the welfare sector: Nordic good practice. Nordregio, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.6027/pb2021:1.2001-3876.
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The Nordic welfare sector is facing significant challenges when it comes to providing effective social care services. While the demand for services for a rapidly growing elderly population is constantly increasing, the workforce delivering social care services is shrinking, with many workers reaching retirement age. Tackling the challenges related to recruitment and retention of qualified staff – and developing innovative approaches to the delivery of social care services – is becoming increasingly urgent, particularly in rural and sparsely populated areas (SPAs). This policy brief gives an overview of examples across the Nordic Region aimed at tackling these resource challenges and exploring innovative ways of organising and delivering social care services in rural areas and SPAs. It is based on a desk study funded by the Nordic Welfare Centre (see more about this on the last page).
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Mante, Ofei D. Sub-Saharan Africa Is Lighting Up: Uneven Progress on Electrification. RTI Press, November 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2018.op.0056.1811.
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This research paper provides a regional review of the state of electricity access in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), focusing on installed capacity, electricity generation, the growth of renewable energy, electricity consumption, government investment, public financial flows, and several major initiatives. The study contrasts electrification between 1990 and 2010 with recent efforts and identifies countries that are consistently making progress and those that lag. The analyses show signs of progress on scaling up SSA power infrastructure and increasing electricity access, particularly in the Eastern and Western sub-regions. The installed generation capacity expanded at an average rate of 2.43 GW/year between 2005 and 2015. Renewable energy is growing, particularly solar, wind, and geothermal; about 9.7 GW of renewable energy capacity was installed between 2010 and 2016. Over this period, the net electricity generation in SSA increased at 9.1 TWh/year, more than double the historical average growth of 4.02 TWh/year (1990–2010). In general, the study found that rates of electrification across the entire region are more than twice the historical rates, and an average of at least 26 million people are now gaining access to electricity yearly. Nevertheless, progress is uneven across SSA. As of 2016, almost half of the population without electricity access live in Nigeria, DR Congo, Ethiopia, Tanzania, and Uganda. Quantitative analysis suggests that about 70 million people in SSA would have to gain access every year from 2017 to achieve universal access by 2030. Overall, SSA countries with national programs on energy access supported by policy/regulatory framework and infrastructure investment are making progress.
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Roberts, Paige, Ahmed-Yasin Osman Moge, and Kaija Hurlburt. PROJECT BADWEYN: SOMALI COASTAL DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITIES. One Earth Future, August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18289/oef.2018.032.
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Interest in the Somali fishing sector is growing. Development agencies, donors, and investors see the potential for fisheries in Somali waters to provide income, food security, and stability in coastal communities. But reliable and up-to-date information about the state of Somali fisheries is difficult to find, complicating business decisions. Where should development be focused? What kind of investment will provide the most benefit and long-term return for coastal communities? What fisheries sector opportunities are the most sustainable, and which might be a threat to the health of Somali fisheries? Somali Coastal Development Opportunities answers these questions through targeted and original analysis of fisheries data coupled with information on current development projects throughout the Somali region. This report highlights six coastal fishing villages – Bereda, Hordio, Bander Beyla, Maydh, Hawaay, and Merca – to investigate the development needs and opportunities in each. Opportunities in the fisheries sectors are analyzed in light of sustainability and feasibility to provide recommendations that will guide investment and development in the Somali fisheries sector.
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Rojas Smith, Lucia, Megan L. Clayton, Carol Woodell, and Carol Mansfield. The Role of Patient Navigators in Improving Caregiver Management of Childhood Asthma. RTI Press, April 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2017.rr.0030.1704.
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Childhood asthma is a significant public health problem in the United States. Barriers to effective asthma management in children include the need for caregivers to identify and manage diverse environmental triggers and promote appropriate use of preventive asthma medications. Although health care providers may introduce asthma treatments and care plans, many providers lack the time and capacity to educate caregivers about asthma in an ongoing, sustained manner. To help address these complexities of asthma care, many providers and caregivers rely on patient navigators (defined as persons who provide patients with a particular set of services and who address barriers to care) (Dohan & Schrag, 2005). Despite growing interest in their value for chronic disease management, researchers and providers know little about how or what benefits patient navigators can provide to caregivers in managing asthma in children. To explore this issue, we conducted a mixed-method evaluation involving focus groups and a survey with caregivers of children with moderate-to-severe asthma who were enrolled in the Merck Childhood Asthma Network Initiative (MCAN). Findings suggest that patient navigators may support children’s asthma management by providing individualized treatment plans and hands-on practice, improving caregivers’ understanding of environmental triggers and their mitigation, and giving clear, accessible instructions for proper medication management. Study results may help to clarify and further develop the role of patient navigators for the effective management of asthma in children.
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Carter, Becky. Gender Inequalities in the Eastern Neighbourhood Region. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.062.
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This rapid review examines evidence on the structural causes and drivers of gender inequalities in the Eastern Neighbourhood region and how these gender inequalities contribute to instability in the region. While the Eastern Neighbourhood region performs relatively well on gender equality compared with the rest of the world, women and girls continue to face systemic political and economic marginalisation and are vulnerable to gender-based violence. Research on Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and Moldova identifies the key underlying cause to be a set of traditional patriarchal gender norms, intersecting with conservative religious identities and harmful customary practices. These norms do not operate in isolation: the literature highlights that gender inequalities are caused by the interplay of multiple factors (with women’s unequal economic resources having a critical effect), while overlapping disadvantages affect lived experiences of inequalities. Other key factors are the region’s protracted conflicts; legal reform gaps and implementation challenges; socio-economic factors (including the impact of COVID-19); and governance trends (systemic corruption, growing conservatism, and negative narratives influenced by regional geopolitics). Together these limit women and girls’ empowerment; men and boys are also affected negatively in different ways, while LGBT+ people have become a particular target for societal discrimination in the region. Global evidence – showing that more gender unequal societies correlate with increased instability – provides a frame of reference for the region’s persistent gender inequalities.
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Bagley, Margo. Genome Editing in Latin America: CRISPR Patent and Licensing Policy. Inter-American Development Bank, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003409.
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The power and promise of genome editing, CRISPR specifically, was first realized with the discovery of CRISPR loci in the 1980s.i Since that time, CRISPR-Cas systems have been further developed enabling genome editing in virtually all organisms across the tree of life.i In the last few years, we have seen the development of a diverse set of CRISPR-based technologies that has revolutionized genome manipulation.ii Enabling a more diverse set of actors than has been seen with other emerging technologies to redefine research and development for biotechnology products encompassing food, agriculture, and medicine.ii Currently, the CRISPR community encompasses over 40,000 authors at 20,000 institutions that have documented their research in over 20,000 published and peer-reviewed studies.iii These CRISPR-based genome editing tools have promised tremendous opportunities in agriculture for the breeding of crops and livestock across the food supply chain. Potentially addressing issues associated with a growing global population, sustainability concerns, and possibly help address the effects of climate change.i These promises however, come along-side concerns of environmental and socio-economic risks associated with CRISPR-based genome editing, and concerns that governance systems are not keeping pace with the technological development and are ill-equipped, or not well suited, to evaluate these risks. The Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) launched an initiative in 2020 to understand the complexities of these new tools, their potential impacts on the LAC region, and how IDB may best invest in its potential adoption and governance strategies. This first series of discussion documents: “Genome Editing in Latin America: Regulatory Overview,” and “CRISPR Patent and Licensing Policy” are part of this larger initiative to examine the regulatory and institutional frameworks surrounding gene editing via CRISPR-based technologies in the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) regions. Focusing on Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Honduras, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay, they set the stage for a deeper analysis of the issues they present which will be studied over the course of the next year through expert solicitations in the region, the development of a series of crop-specific case studies, and a final comprehensive regional analysis of the issues discovered.
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Kuiken, Todd, and Jennifer Kuzma. Genome Editing in Latin America: Regional Regulatory Overview. Inter-American Development Bank, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003410.
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The power and promise of genome editing, CRISPR specifically, was first realized with the discovery of CRISPR loci in the 1980s.3 Since that time, CRISPR-Cas systems have been further developed enabling genome editing in virtually all organisms across the tree of life.3 In the last few years, we have seen the development of a diverse set of CRISPR-based technologies that has revolutionized genome manipulation.4 Enabling a more diverse set of actors than has been seen with other emerging technologies to redefine research and development for biotechnology products encompassing food, agriculture, and medicine.4 Currently, the CRISPR community encompasses over 40,000 authors at 20,000 institutions that have documented their research in over 20,000 published and peer-reviewed studies.5 These CRISPR-based genome editing tools have promised tremendous opportunities in agriculture for the breeding of crops and livestock across the food supply chain. Potentially addressing issues associated with a growing global population, sustainability concerns, and possibly help address the effects of climate change.4 These promises however, come along-side concerns of environmental and socio-economic risks associated with CRISPR-based genome editing, and concerns that governance systems are not keeping pace with the technological development and are ill-equipped, or not well suited, to evaluate these risks. The Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) launched an initiative in 2020 to understand the complexities of these new tools, their potential impacts on the LAC region, and how IDB may best invest in its potential adoption and governance strategies. This first series of discussion documents: “Genome Editing in Latin America: Regulatory Overview,” and “CRISPR Patent and Licensing Policy” are part of this larger initiative to examine the regulatory and institutional frameworks surrounding gene editing via CRISPR-based technologies in the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) regions. Focusing on Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Honduras, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay, they set the stage for a deeper analysis of the issues they present which will be studied over the course of the next year through expert solicitations in the region, the development of a series of crop-specific case studies, and a final comprehensive regional analysis of the issues discovered.
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DeJaeghere, Joan, Bich-Hang Duong, and Vu Dao. Teaching Practices That Support and Promote Learning: Qualitative Evidence from High and Low Performing Classes in Vietnam. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-ri_2021/024.
Full textAbstract:
This Insight Note contributes to the growing body of knowledge on teaching practices that foster student learning and achievement by analysing in-depth qualitative data from classroom observations and teacher interviews. Much of the research on teachers and teaching in development literature focuses on observable and quantified factors, including qualifications and training. But simply being qualified (with a university degree in education or subject areas), or trained in certain ways (e.g., coaching versus in-service) explains very little of the variation in learning outcomes (Kane and Staiger, 2008; Wößmann, 2003; Das and Bau, 2020). Teaching is a complex set of practices that draw on teachers’ beliefs about learning, their prior experiences, their content and pedagogical knowledge and repertoire, and their commitment and personality. Recent research in the educational development literature has turned to examining teaching practices, including content knowledge, pedagogical practices, and teacher-student interactions, primarily through quantitative data from knowledge tests and classroom observations of practices (see Bruns, De Gregorio and Taut, 2016; Filmer, Molina and Wane, 2020; Glewwe et al, in progress). Other studies, such as TIMSS, the OECD and a few World Bank studies have used classroom videos to further explain high inference factors of teachers’ (Gallimore and Hiebert, 2000; Tomáš and Seidel, 2013). In this Note, we ask the question: What are the teaching practices that support and foster high levels of learning? Vietnam is a useful case to examine because student learning outcomes based on international tests are high, and most students pass the basic learning levels (Dang, Glewwe, Lee and Vu, 2020). But considerable variation exists between learning outcomes, particularly at the secondary level, where high achieving students will continue to upper-secondary and lower achieving students will drop out at Grade 9 (Dang and Glewwe, 2018). So what differentiates teaching for those who achieve these high learning outcomes and those who don’t? Some characteristics of teachers, such as qualifications and professional commitment, do not vary greatly because most Vietnamese teachers meet the national standards in terms of qualifications (have a college degree) and have a high level of professionalism (Glewwe et al., in progress). Other factors that influence teaching, such as using lesson plans and teaching the national curriculum, are also highly regulated. Therefore, to explain how teaching might affect student learning outcomes, it is important to examine more closely teachers’ practices in the classroom.