Journal articles: 'Growth of leaves'

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Mitchison, Graeme. "Conformal growth of Arabidopsis leaves." Journal of Theoretical Biology 408 (November 2016): 155–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2016.08.023.

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Rudiyanti, Siti. "Toxicity of Extract Tobacco Leaves to The growth of Oreochromis niloticus." Saintek Perikanan : Indonesian Journal of Fisheries Science and Technology 6, no. 1 (February 22, 2012): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijfst.6.1.56-61.

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Tobacco can be used as natural pesticide since it contained high concentration of nicotine that may killed pest and fish diseases. This work aimed to know the influence and inhibiting concentration of tobacco leaves extract to the growth of Tilapia. The research was conducted on March to May 2007 at laboratory of Satker PBIAT Ngrajek, Magelang. Fish fry used were in between 1,74±0,105 g with the density of 10 were tested in 20 L fresh water, were tested using several concentration of tobacco leaves extract. Sub lethal toxicity tested in the laboratory using complete random design for 28 days. The result showed that LC50 -96 hours is 22,492 mg/L. It is shown that extract of tobacco leaves has a significant influence to the fish growth. The highest absolute biomass growth is at treatment K (3,72 g), followed by treatment A (3,29 g), B (2,96 g), C (2,75 g), and D (2,24 g). Whereas the highest daily growth rate is also at treatment K (3,93 %), followed by A (3,75 %), B (3,59 %), C (3,45 %), and D (3,06 %). The inhibiting concentration (IC 50) is 15,733 mg/L. Water quality during the experiment indicated a suitable condition for fish life medium. Key Words : Extract of tobacco leaves, Tilapia fry, Growth

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He, Hua, and Xiao Hua Yi. "Effect of Root Zone Aeration on the Growth of Film-Mulched Tomato in Greenhouse." Applied Mechanics and Materials 675-677 (October 2014): 1087–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.675-677.1087.

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Due to film-mulched cultivation and poor irrigation practices, low oxygen stress could be often caused in root zone in greenhouse, and has negative effects on crops growth. In this study, a barrel experiment was conducted to probe the effects of root zone aeration on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) leaves, root systems and biomass accumulation, using calcium peroxide (CaO2) as oxygen release agent. The results show that i) root zone aeration has little effect on the number of leaves and leave chlorophyll content, while reduces leaf areas of per leave and per plant, ii) root zone aeration could promote the growth and development of roots through increasing the volume, absorption area, specific surface area and total length of tomato roots and iii) root zone aeration raises the biomass of tomato plants, which mainly manifests in the increase of stems and leaves, especially in leaves.

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Maksymowych, Roman, and Joseph A. J. Orkwiszewski. "Allometric growth of Xanthium (Compositae) leaves." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 66, no. 3-4 (2014): 293–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1997.033.

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When Xanthium lamina width is plotted versus leaf length during the entire period of growth, a straight line is obtained representing an allometric relationship with a regression correlation coefficient of 0.9973 a lamina width to length ratio of 0.502 ± 0.01 and chordate morphology. On the other hand, gibberellic acid treated plants yield a correlation coefficient of 0.9871 a lamina width to length ratio of 0.372 ± 0.0074 and lanceolate leaves. The fraction of leaf width to leaf length is a measure of lamina width reduction. Gibberellic acid alters the mechanism which controls the balance between the leaf length and the leaf width.

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Taqi, Raza, Hasnain Kazmi Zurriat, Arshad Ullah Muhammad, Kanwal Iqra, Imran Shakeel, Ahmad Rizwan, and Ishtiaq Hyder Syed. "Comparative Effectiveness of Different Growth Media on Growth, Biomass and Morphology Features of Kinnow Mandarin Seedling." Food Processing & Nutritional Science 1, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.46619/fpns.2020.1-1001.

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An experiment was conducted at the University of Agriculture, Sub-campus Burewala Vehari during spring 2018 to investigate the most effective growth media for the growth of kinnow Mandarin seedlings along with highest potential of root, shoots, branches and leaves growth. The growing media is crucial for better plant growth and development. Seeds of Kinnow Mandarin were sown in twelve (12) different composite media (made from different proportions of peat moss, coco coir, compost, baggase, and soil) in CRD with three repeats. Data regarding germination of kinnow seeds and seedling quality parameters (Fresh weight, dry weight, seedling length, root shoot ratio, dry matter contents) were recorded during the experiment. The results proved that the peat moss was the most efficient among all the other growing media for producing the maximum number of leaves, shoot length, root length and seedling length while, compost was found to be a most effective medium for maximum seed germination. The composition in 1:1 of baggase + peat moss was most prominent to produce leaves with larger surface areas. Therefore, peat moss is an effective growth media among other growing media for Kinnow production.

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Wang, Jia-yi, Jian-shuang Shen, Mengmeng Gu, Jia Wang, Tang-ren Cheng, Hui-tang Pan, and Qi-xiang Zhang. "Leaf Coloration and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Hybrids between Forsythia ‘Courtaneur’ and Forsythia koreana ‘Suwon Gold’." HortScience 52, no. 12 (December 2017): 1661–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci12177-17.

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Yellow-leafed cultivars usually do not grow as vigorous as their green-leafed counterparts, which affect their use in landscapes. To breed Forsythia cultivars with both yellow leaves and vigorous growth, crosses between F. ‘Courtaneur’ (♀) and Forsythia koreana ‘Suwon Gold’ (♂) were conducted, and 52 F1 hybrid progenies with different leaf colors (green, chartreuse, and yellow) were obtained. The progenies were categorized into three groups [Yellow Group (YG), Chartreuse Group (CG), and Green Group (GG)] based on leaf colors. The growth index (GI) and the number of branches and leaves of YG progenies were significantly lower at 2%, 35%, and 34% of GG progenies. As the leaves changed from green to chartreuse and to yellow, chlorophyll content, leaf thickness, and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters decreased and the chloroplast structures were disintegrated gradually, which influenced the leaf photosynthetic activity and led to weak growth. Compared with yellow-leafed progenies, the leaf chlorophyll content and leaf thickness of chartreuse-leafed progenies were significantly higher at 71% and 9%. The chloroplast structure of stroma lamella of chartreuse-leafed progenies was relatively intact. Carboxylation efficiency (CE), photochemical efficiency of PS II (Fv/Fm), and the number of branches and leaves of GG progenies were significantly higher than YG progenies; however, they have no significant difference with CG progenies. The results were promising for breeding new forsythia cultivars from moderate growth and chartreuse leaves.

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Tang, An‐Ching, and John S. Boyer. "Growth‐induced water potentials and the growth of maize leaves." Journal of Experimental Botany 53, no. 368 (March 1, 2002): 489–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jexbot/53.368.489.

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Çavuşoğlu, K., S. Kılıç, and K. Kabar. "Effects of pretreatments of some growth regulators on the stomata movements of barley seedlings grown under saline (NaCl) conditions." Plant, Soil and Environment 53, No. 12 (January 7, 2008): 524–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2193-pse.

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In this work, the effects of double, triple and quadruple combinations of gibberellic acid, kinetin, 24-epibrassinolide and polyamines (cadaverine, putrescine, spermidine, spermine) on the stomata movements in the leaves of barley seedlings grown under saline conditions were studied. In the control seedlings, the stomata number, stomata index and stomata length increased in the upper surfaces of leaves in comparison with their lower surfaces. In addition, the epidermis cell number in the leaves of control plants were fewer in the upper surface than that in the lower surface, but the stomata were statistically in the equal width in both surfaces. As for the applyings, they generally decreased stomata number, stomata index, stomata length and epidermis cell number, while they increased the stomata width in the upper and especially in the lower surface according to the control. The growth regulators used may have served to adaptation of barley seedlings to saline conditions by causing a decrease in most of the mentioned parameters.

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Haffner, Oto, Erik Kučera, Peter Drahoš, Ján Cigánek, Alena Kozáková, and Barbora Urminská. "Lemna minor Bioassay Evaluation Using Computer Image Analysis." Water 12, no. 8 (August 5, 2020): 2207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12082207.

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This article deals with using computer vision in the evaluation of the Lemna minor bioassay. According to the conventional method, the growth of Lemna minor mass is determined from the number of leaves grown. In this work, instead of counting individual leaves, we propose measuring the area occupied by the leaves using computer vision and compare the new approach with the conventional one. The bioassay is performed according to the ISO 20079 standard as a 168 h growth inhibition test; the aim of the experiment was to quantify the negative effects on the vegetative growth using two parameters—the number of leaves and the area occupied by the leaves. The method based on image processing was faster and also more precise since it enabled us to detect the negative effect of the tested substance on leave size, not only on their number. It can be concluded that the toxic effect has shown to be more significant when considering the leaves area rather than the number of leaves. Moreover, mistakes caused by human factor during leaves counting are eliminated using the computer vision based method.

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10

Wolak, Robert A. "Growth of leaves in transversely affine foliations." Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society 127, no. 7 (March 1, 1999): 2167–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/s0002-9939-99-04648-1.

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11

Remphrey, W. R., and C. G. Davidson. "Shoot and leaf growth in Fraxinuspennsylvanica and its relation to crown location and pruning." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 24, no. 10 (October 1, 1994): 1997–2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x94-256.

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Elongation of shoots in various crown locations, and of individual internodes and leaves of the leading shoot, were recorded at 2-day intervals throughout the 1991 growing season in four clones of Fraxinuspennsylvanica var. subintegerrima (Vahl) Fern. (green ash). Other trees were disbudded and pruned to a single leader. Using a logistic growth function, nonlinear regression equations were generated and parameter estimates were used to determine maximum growth rates. Terminal leading shoots had a longer growth duration and a greater maximum growth rate than lateral shoots. The pruning treatment resulted in larger shoots, which grew 2–3 weeks longer and had a higher maximum growth rate. Leaf emergence occurred at regular intervals but the rate of emergence varied among clones. Leaf maximum growth rates were not significantly different among clones. Leaf size declined acropetally whereas internode length increased and then decreased. The longest leaves and internodes had the highest maximum growth rates. The size and maximum growth rates of putative preformed leaves were larger than putative neoformed leaves. As a shoot expanded, growth of one internode tended to cease during the linear phase of growth of its associated leaf and that of the succeeding internode.

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HIRAISHI, S., K. ISHII, S. MATSUYAMA, H. SUGAI, Y. MIURA, M. KARAHASHI, Y. NOZAWA, S. YAMAUCHI, H. YAMAZAKI, and T. TADA. "PIXE STUDY ON THE GROWTH ENVIRONMENT OF PLANTS." International Journal of PIXE 22, no. 01n02 (January 2012): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129083512400116.

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Growth environment of plants was investigated by analyzing the elemental concentration in leaves of the plants. Camellia was selected as the sample and the leaves of the camellias were collected from Miyagi and Chiba prefectures. The species of elements and their concentrations in the leaves were measured by the in-air PIXE system at Tohoku University. More than 10 elements were detected from the leaves. The concentrations of Mn , Fe , and Rb in the leaves were strongly affected by the place where the tree grew. On the other hand, the concentration of P, S, K, and Ca were less affected by the place of the tree. The determination of the place of the tree was also performed by evaluating the similarity of the elemental concentration in the leaves quantitatively. The difference due to the place was clearly identified and the sampling place was successfully determined by using the elemental concentrations in the leaves.

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Błażewicz-Woźniak, Marzena, Agnieszka Rybicka, and Monika Fil. "Growth, decorative and nutritional values of ornamental cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) in flowerbed conditions." Horticultural Science 48, No. 1 (March 31, 2021): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/21/2020-hortsci.

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Ornamental cabbages are cultivars of cabbages grown for decorative purposes due to the varied shape and colour of their internal leaves. The aim of the study was to determine the course of growth and to assess the decorative and nutritional value of two cultivars of ornamental cabbage (‘Pigeon Red’, ‘Coral Prince’) grown in a flowerbed along with annual plants: the French marigold (Tagetes patula nana L.) and flossflower (Ageratum houstonianum Mill.), using a pine bark mulch. The impact of the marigold and flossflower on the cabbage height and foliage changed with the plant growth. Cabbages growing without the proximity to the other species had the smallest diameter and formed the least leaves; and the plant’s height was lower in September. The cabbage height, foliage and leaf colour were modified by the weather in the subsequent years of research. The proximity of the marigold or flossflower and mulching of the soil with bark did not affect the colour of the leaves. The nutritional value of the ornamental cabbage was high, and the content of the mineral components in the leaves depended largely on their colour. The coloured leaves were more abundant in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and magnesium, while the green leaves contained more calcium and sulfur, and slightly more dry matter.

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Roper, Teryl R., and John S. Klueh. "Removing New Growth Reduces Fruiting in Cranberry." HortScience 29, no. 3 (March 1994): 199–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.3.199.

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The sources of photosynthate for fruit growth in cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) can be spatially partitioned as new growth, old leaves and woody stems, or adjoining uprights. New growth, l-year-old leaves, or both were removed at the time of fruit set and following fruit set. Removing new growth at the time of fruit set reduced fruit set, fruit count, and yield. Removing old leaves at fruit set generally did not reduce fruit set, fruit count, or yield. Removing both often had an additional effect. Removing new leaves after fruit set did not affect fruit set or count, but did reduce fruit size. Removing old leaves after fruit set did not reduce fruit set, fruit count, or size. These data suggest that new growth is an important source of photosynthate for fruit set.

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15

Uemura, Shigeru. "Patterns of leaf phenology in forest understory." Canadian Journal of Botany 72, no. 4 (April 1, 1994): 409–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b94-055.

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Foliar phenologies of forest understory plants were categorized, and the distribution pattern of leaf habit was examined among different forest environments. Various patterns of foliar phenology were found, especially in herbaceous plants. In addition to the seasonal light regime controlled by the phenology of canopy trees, differences in the length of period with snow cover led to the divergence. Perennial-leaved plants predominate in intensely shaded habitats while annual-leaved plants are more abundant in less shaded habitats. The shade tolerance of perenniel-leaved plants can be considered a preadaptation to snow tolerance. In contrast with the perennial-leaved plants, biennial-leaved plants with leaves overwintering 1 year appear to be favored in euphotic habitats with high insulation both in spring and in autumn. These species are effective competitors in spring because of rapid emergence of current leaves, probably through retranslocation of resources accumulated in the previous year. Another adaptive trait is found in heteroptic plants simultaneously having summer-green leaves and overwintering leaves; these types of leaves seem to function in predictable and quite different environments in a year. Key words: foliar phenology, growth form, light resource, overwintering leaf, snow cover.

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Więckowska, I. "Wybrane zagadnienia z morfogenezy liści drzew. II. Występowanie młodocianych form liści w koronach drzew buka zwyczajnego (Fagus silvatica L.) [Studies on the mohprogenesis of tree-leaves. II. The occurrence of juvenile forms of leaves in the crowns of beech trees (Fagus silvatica L.)]." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 41, no. 4 (2015): 535–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1972.043.

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It was fairly often observed that Fagus silvatica L. leafed twice during one vegetational season. This secondary growth occurred on all trees, when the first leaves underwent destruction, e.g. in consequence of late spring frost. The leaves of secondary growth differed pronouncedly from normally developed ones by their shape and irregular nervation and were similar to the juvenile leaves of one-year-old seedlings of beech. Observations of leaf buds showed that the nerves appeared in leaf-primordia of Fagus silvatica as late as the latter part of July and if the secondary leaves developed at the end of July, they were normal in shape and bad regular nervation. Leaf-primordia compelled to an earlier development gave leaves of different form and irregular nervation.

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Stopińska, Jadwiga. "Studies on the interaction of growth regulators with potassium ions in some physiological processes in the bean (Phaseolus vulguris L.). II. The effect of potassium on growth of bean leaves and on their potassium and hormone levels." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 55, no. 2 (2014): 209–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1986.021.

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The subject of study was the effect of K on the growth of primary and trifoliate leaves of the bean and on their potassium and hormone levels. Bean seedlings were grown in Hoagland's water solution in which the potassium concentrations (K –NO3,) were 1 and 3 mM. The increase in the amount of potassium in bean leaves. elicited by increased K concentration in the medium or by partial defoliation. was correlated with a stimulation of growth of these organs and an increase in their H2O content. These effects were connected with an increase in the amount of ABA and bound GA and decrease in the amount of auxins. The effect of potassium on the level of free gibberellins and cytokinins depended on the kind of leaves. In young, i.e. trifoliate leaves_ K was found to have a positive effect on the level of free GA, whereas in older. i.e. primary leaves, this effect concerned the level of cytokinins.

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Repková, J., M. Brestič, and K. Olšovská. "Leaf growth under temperature and light control." Plant, Soil and Environment 55, No. 12 (December 28, 2009): 551–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/93/2009-pse.

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Dynamics of crop growth and photosynthesis are two main processes that are of major importance for adaptation of plants to their environment. Two experiments were carried out during 2005 and 2006 with sun and shaded barley plants. The results showed that leaf area increased with leaf position on the main stem up to leaf position 5 for sun and leaf position 6 for shaded plants, and then declined towards flag leaves. Air temperature affected leaf appearance, mainly at the beginning of the growing season. A positive correlation between leaf expansion duration (LED) and accumulated temperature sum was measured for both variants, LED linearly increased with temperature sum. Leaf expansion rate (LER) showed a similar dependence on accumulated air temperatures in both light variants. A strong relation was found between soil temperature and LER for the first four leaves of the main stem of shaded plants in 2006. In shaded environment the higher LER was associated with lower accumulated irradiance sum when light restriction supported an increase of leaf elongation and final leaf length.

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Tominaga, Tohru, and Osamu Watanabe. "Weed Growth Suppression by Cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica) Leaves." Journal of Weed Science and Technology 42, no. 3 (1997): 289–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3719/weed.42.289.

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Golz, J. F. "GRAMINIFOLIA promotes growth and polarity of Antirrhinum leaves." Development 131, no. 15 (June 23, 2004): 3661–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.01221.

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Ya’acob, A., N. Zainol, P. N. Y. Mohd Ridza, and S. H. Mortan. "Pineapple Leaves Juice Characterization for Microbial Growth Inhibition." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1092, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 012088. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1092/1/012088.

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Janowska, B., R. Grabowska, and E. Ratajczak. "Post-harvest longevity of leaves of the sea lavender (Limonium latifolium (Sm.) Kuntze) after application of growth regulators." Horticultural Science 40, No. 4. (November 28, 2013): 172–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/112/2013-hortsci.

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Conditioning is a simple and effective method of post-harvest longevity of both flowers and florists’ greens. Performing this treatment immediately after harvest by the producer increases the quality of floral products expressed as their post-harvest longevity. The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of four growth regulators from the gibberellin and cytokinin groups applied as a 4-h conditioning treatment of leaf blades and to determine any effects on post-harvest longevity of leaves of Limonium latifolium. The leaves were harvested early in the morning from the department of ornamental plants collection. Selected leaves were fully-developed and had no damage or discolouring. Gibberellic acid, benzyladenine, meta- methoxytopolin and its riboside at the concentrations of 25, 50 and 75 mg/dm3 were taken up in a solution for 4-h leaf-conditioning of Limonium latifolium at the temperature of 18–20°C. After the conditioning treatment the leaves were placed in distilled water. Leaves placed into distilled water immediately after cutting served as control. Gibberellic acid, benzyladenine and topolins applied as leaf conditioning treatment extended the post-harvest longevity of leaves of Limonium latifolium. Examined growth regulators, with the exception of riboside of meta-methoxytopolin, also had a favourable effect on the index of leaf greenness.

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Barlow, EWR. "Water Relations of Expanding Leaves." Functional Plant Biology 13, no. 1 (1986): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp9860045.

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The reactivity of leaf growth to changes in plant water status has been analysed in terms of leaf development, water transport and turgor. The different growth patterns of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous leaves result in fundamental differences in the water relations of expanding leaves. Most monocotyledonous leaf cells complete their expansion phase within the protective older leaf bases, while the majority of dicotyledonous leaf cells expand in an exposed evaporative environment. The consequence of this morphological difference is that expanding monocotyledonous leaves behave similarly to other enclosed tissue during water stress by exhibiting turgor maintenance through osmotic adjustment. Expanding dicotyledonous leaves do not exhibit this response. The maintenance of turgor in monocotyledons in the absence of leaf expansion suggests that growth is controlled by the yield threshold of the cell wall during episodes of water stress.

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Tang, Xinglin, Guangzheng Liu, Jiang Jiang, Changju Lei, Yunxing Zhang, Liyan Wang, and Xinliang Liu. "Effects of growth irradiance on photosynthesis and photorespiration of Phoebe bournei leaves." Functional Plant Biology 47, no. 12 (2020): 1053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp20062.

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Light intensity is a major environmental factor affecting the growth and survival of trees in a forest. The effect of light reduction on photosynthesis and photorespiration of an evergreen broad-leaved tree, Phoebe bournei (Hemsley) Yang was examined with three levels of full light, 50.5% light, and 21.8% light. The results showed that shading led to significant increase in plant height and crown diameter. Light-saturated leaf photosynthetic rate (Amax), maximal carboxylation activity (Vcmax), maximum electron transfer rate (Jmax), stomatal conductance (gs), mesophyll conductance (gm) and chloroplast CO2 concentration (Cc) significantly increased in response to shade. Photorespiratory CO2 release rate (PR) was higher in plants grown under shade conditions than under full light. The relative limitations of gm (lm) was higher than the relative limitations of gs (ls) and the relative limitations of biochemical factors (lb) in leaves of P. bournei grown under full light, whereas lm was lower than ls and lb under shade. Our results suggest that increase of photosynthesis in P. bournei leaves grown under shade is associated with enhanced CO2 diffusion and biochemistry. And we propose that enhancement of the photorespiratory is essential for shade leaves to improve photosynthesis.

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Santoso, Budi, I. Gusti Bagus Sila Dharma, and Elok Faiqoh. "Pertumbuhan dan Produktivitas Daun Lamun Thalassia hemprichii (Ehrenb) Ascherson di Perairan Tanjung Benoa, Bali." Journal of Marine and Aquatic Sciences 4, no. 2 (November 8, 2017): 278. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jmas.2018.v4.i02.278-285.

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Thalassia hemprichii is one of the seagrass as favorite food of two protected herbivores such as Green Turtle and Dugong. The existence of Thalassia hemprichii and knowing the growth rate becomes very important for sustainability of two herbivores. The study was conducted in Tanjung Benoa waters that covering three parts of the coast such as Samuh, Conrad and Tanjung beach in February until March 2017. Thalassia hemprichii leaves growth is observed consist of long and heavy growth (dry weight) and measured leaf age that has been observed such as young, half old and old leaves. The method that used to measure the growth of Thalassia hemprichii is pruning method and determination the research location using purposive sampling method. The aim of this research is explained the growth rate, biomass, and productivity of young leaves, old leaves of Thalassia hemprichii in Tanjung Benoa Bali. Measurement results of Thalassia hemprichii growth between age group of leaves has different young leaves faster growth if compared with the half old leaves and old leaves with average growth is 3.41mm/day indicates that the efficiency of this seagrass growth will decrease as the leaves age. The highest biomass values ??were found in older leaves if compared with young leaves and half-old leaves with average 0.205 gbk/m2 expected because the thick and wide leaf size will produced larger leaf biomass. The highest productivity value is found in oldest leaves in each station with average 0.028 gbk/m2/day expected morphology and different nutrient content in each leaf tissue.

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Jurásek, A., J. Leugner, and J. Martincová. "Growth and physiological state of beech seedlings grown in a nursery in different light conditions." Journal of Forest Science 56, No. 10 (September 30, 2010): 442–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/8/2010-jfs.

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Seedlings of European beech of two populations (from the 4th and 7th forest altitudinal zone) were grown in a shaded and unshaded plastic greenhouse. The objective was to compare seedling growth and the function of assimilatory organs and to determine their reactions after transfer to different light conditions.Seedlings grown in the unshaded plastic greenhouse (the sun variant) were taller and stronger at the end of the first growing season and had the higher weight and volume of shoots and root systems than seedlings grown in the shade. A higher number of leaves, larger total leaf area and higher dry matter of leaves per 1 plant were determined in seedlings grown in the sun. The average area of one leaf was larger in seedlings grown in the shade. The higher photosynthetic electron transport rate (ETR) determined from the light curves of chlorophyll fluorescence in seedlings grown in the sun was apparently connected with the higher photosynthetic rate and more intensive growth of these seedlings. The transfer of seedlings from full sun to shade resulted only in small changes in chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm, ETR). On the contrary, the transfer of seedlings from the shaded plastic greenhouse to the sun induced photoinhibition leading to a significant reduction in the maximum quantum yield of photochemistry Fv/Fm and in the photosynthetic electron transport rate (ETR).

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Janowska, B. "Effect of growth regulators on flower and leaf yield of the calla lily (Zantedeschia Spreng.)." Horticultural Science 40, No. 2 (May 23, 2013): 78–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/263/2012-hortsci.

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To assess the effect of a mixture of benzyladenine and gibberellic acid on the quality and yield of flowers and leaves of cvs Albomaculata, Black Magic and Mango, their tubers were soaked before planting for 30 min in a water solution with 100–600 ppm BA and 150 ppm GA3. The BA + GA3 mixture application resulted in 2.5–3.5 times as many flowers in comparison to the control plants, which did not affect the quality of flowers and the yield of leaves. The leaves, however, showed higher greenness index and protein quantity.    

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Jin, Jung-Kang, Hui-Ling Chen, Chih-Wen Yu, and Chin-Ho Lin. "Establishment of a plastochron index for growth assessment of Phalaenopsis." Canadian Journal of Botany 83, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b04-150.

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A plastochron index was established for four commercial cultivars of Phalaenopsis: Phalaenopsis 'Taisuco Carol' × (Doritaenopsis 'New Cinderella' × P. 'Isaribi') (Taiwan Sugar Corp., code No. S88-41); Phalaenopsis 'Taisuco Swan' × (P. 'Casablanca Dream' × (P. 'Hohoemi' × P. 'Grace Palm')) (code No. S88-89); Doritaenopsis 'I-Hsin Dreamer' × Phalaenopsis 'Taisuco Harmonylip' (code No. S88-104), and Phalaenopsis aphrodite. The plastochron was based on a 20-mm reference leaf length. Semilogarithmical plots of ln-transformed leaf lengths versus time and linear regression analysis were used to evaluate three criteria of the plastochron index. The results showed that leaves 39 of Phalaenopsis aphrodite and leaves 38 of the other cultivars grow exponentially (r2 values between 0.90 and 0.97). Therefore, leaves that fulfilled all three criteria for the plastochron index were leaves 35 of No. S88-41, leaves 34 of No. S88-89, leaves 56 of No. S88-104, and leaves 45 of Phalaenopsis aphrodite. However the plastochron index can not be used for the slow-growing Phalaenopsis, because two successive leaves could not be measured simultaneously during the exponential phase of leaf development. The average relative growth rate of 0.43 mm/week for Phalaenopsis aphrodite was significantly lower than that of the other three cultivars (0.52 mm/week); plastochron duration also showed significant variation among the four cultivars (P value = 0.0269). In addition, the linear relationship (r2 = 0.970.99) of the plastochron index plotted versus time indicates that the intervals between initiation of successive leaves was equal for each of four cultivars. Thus, for these cultivars of Phalaenopsis, leaves that emerge before the reproductive phase can not be fully assessed by the plastochron index.Key words: plastochron index, Phalaenopsis.

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29

AZEVEDO SCÁRDUA, B. C., and J. C. CANILLE MARTINS. "ON THE GROWTH OF HOLOMORPHIC PROJECTIVE FOLIATIONS." International Journal of Mathematics 13, no. 07 (September 2002): 695–726. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129167x02001502.

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In the theory of real (non-singular) foliations, the study of the growth of the leaves has proved to be useful in the comprehension of the global dynamics as the existence of compact leaves and exceptional minimal sets. In this paper we are interested in the complex version of some of these basic results. A natural question is the following: What can be said of a codimension one (possibly singular) holomorphic foliation on a compact hermitian manifold M exhibiting subexponential growth for the leaves? One of the first examples comes when we consider the Fubini–Study metric on [Formula: see text] and dimension one foliations. In this case, under some non-degeneracy hypothesis on the singularities, we may classify the foliation as a linear logarithmic foliation. In particular, the limit set of ℱ is a union of singularities and invariant algebraic curves. Applications of this and other results we prove are given to the general problem of uniformization of the leaves of projective foliations.

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30

Bandu, Vivi S., D. A. Kaligis, Rustandi ., and W. B. Kaunang. "PENGARUH LEVEL PUPUK BOKASHI KOTORAN AYAM TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN SORGUM BROWN MID RIB (BMR)." ZOOTEC 38, no. 1 (December 28, 2017): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.35792/zot.38.1.2018.18533.

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EFFECT OF BOKASHI FERTILIZER LEVEL CHICKEN MANURE ON THE GROWHTH OF BROWN MID RIB (BMR) SORGHUM. The purpose of the present research was to determine effect of bokashi fertilizer level chicken manure on the growhth of brown mid rib (bmr) sorghum. The research was used in a completely randomized design arrangement, with 4 treatments and 7 replications. Treatments were formulated as follow : b1 = 0 g/polybag, b2 = 200 g/polybag, b3 = 400 g/polybag, b4 = 800 g/polybag. Parameters measured were : plant height, number of leaves length of leaves. Research result showed that, bokashi fertilizer of chicken manure gave a significant different (p<0,05) on plant height, number of leaves leaves length of brown mid rib sorghum. Based on the research result, it can be concluded that, the utilization of bokashi fertilizer level chicken manure with 200 g/polybag, enough to support the growth of plant height, number of leaves and leaves length of brown mid rib sorghum.Keywords : Bokashi Fertilizer Level Chicken Manure, Brown Mid Rib Sorghum, Growth.

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31

Gould, Kevin S., Elizabeth G. Cutter, and J. Peter W. Young. "Does growth rate determine leaf form in Pisum sativum?" Canadian Journal of Botany 67, no. 9 (September 1, 1989): 2590–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b89-334.

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We have examined the long-standing hypothesis that leaves are morphologically more complex following prolonged proximity to the shoot apical meristem. Growth rates of the petiole and rachis of conventional and mutant pea leaves were compared for successive nodes of insertion in seedling plants. Leaves were longer at higher nodes, though the relative growth rate did not vary. Mature afila leaves were longer than those of conventional and tendril-less genotypes. The afila leaf alone exhibited a transient, highly significant rise in relative growth rate during the plastochron interval P4.5–P5.5. This rise occurred after the stage at which leaves of the different genotypes were anatomically distinguishable (stage P2–P3). Rates of vertical displacement of the leaf primordium from the shoot apical meristem did not differ significantly among genotypes. Our data suggest that the rate of leaf extension is one of the consequences, rather than a cause, of leaf morphology.

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32

Wang, Yin-Tung. "Potassium Nutrition Affects Phalaenopsis Growth and Flowering." HortScience 42, no. 7 (December 2007): 1563–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.42.7.1563.

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Bare-root, vegetatively propagated plants (average 15-cm leaf spread) of a white-flowered Phalaenopsis Taisuco Kochdian clone were imported in late May and planted either in a mix consisting of three parts medium-grade douglas fir bark and one part each of perlite and coarse canadian sphagnum peat (by volume) or in chilean sphagnum moss. All plants were given 200 mg·L−1 each of nitrogen and phosphorus, 100 mg·L−1 calcium, and 50 mg·L−1 magnesium at each irrigation with 0, 50, 100, 200, 300, 400, or 500 mg·L−1 potassium (K). After 8 months, K concentration did not alter the number of new leaves on plants in either medium. Plants grown in moss produced four to five leaves, whereas those planted in the bark mix produced only two to three leaves. K concentration did not affect the length of the uppermost mature leaves when grown in the bark mix. However, in moss, plants had increasingly longer and wider top leaves as K concentration increased. The lower leaves on plants in the bark mix lacking or receiving 50 mg·L−1 K showed symptoms of yellowing, irregular purple spots, and necrosis after spiking and flowering, respectively. Yellowing and necrosis started from the leaf tip or margin and progressed basipetally. Symptoms became more severe during flower stem development and flowering. All of the plants lacking K were dead by the end of flowering. Leaf death originated from the lowest leaf and advanced to the upper leaves. K at 50 mg·L−1 greatly reduced and 100 mg·L−1 completely alleviated the symptoms of K deficiency at the time of flowering. However, by the end of flowering, plants receiving 50 or 100 mg·L−1 K had yellowing on one or two lower leaves. Plants grown in moss and lacking K showed limited signs of K deficiency. All plants in the bark mix bloomed, whereas none in sphagnum moss receiving 0 mg·L−1 K produced flowers. For both media, as K concentration increased, flower count and diameter increased. Flower stems on plants in either medium became longer and thicker with increasing K concentration. To obtain top-quality Phalaenopsis with the greatest leaf length, highest flower count, largest flowers, and longest inflorescences, it is recommended that 300 mg·L−1 K be applied under high N and high P conditions regardless of the medium.

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33

Wang, Chien Y. "Methyl Jasmonate Inhibits Postharvest Sprouting of Radishes." HortScience 33, no. 3 (June 1998): 458b—458. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.33.3.458b.

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Treatment of topped radishes (Raphanus sativus L., cv. Cherry Belle) with methyl jasmonate was effective in inhibiting postharvest sprouting of new leaves and the growth of roots. Radishes were trimmed to 10-mm tops and dipped in various methyl jasmonate suspensions for 3 min. After storage at 15 °C for 7 days, the growths of new leaves were 26, 22, 7, 3, and 1 mm in 0, 10–5, 10–4, 10–3, or 2 × 10–3 M methyl jasmonate-treated radishes, respectively. The lengths of root growth were also reduced by methyl jasmonate particularly at higher concentrations. These treatments also substantially reduced weight loss possibly as a secondary effect. Fumigation with methyl jasmonate vapor in enclosed containers was also effective in inhibiting the sprouting of leaves and root growth, but to a lesser extent than dipping treatments. Radishes stored at 0 °C did not show any new growth of leaves or roots, and therefore were not affected by the methyl jasmonate treatments.

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34

Suberkropp, Keller. "Fungal Growth, Production, and Sporulation during Leaf Decomposition in Two Streams." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 67, no. 11 (November 1, 2001): 5063–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.67.11.5063-5068.2001.

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ABSTRACT I examined the activity of fungi associated with yellow poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) and white oak (Quercus alba) leaves in two streams that differed in pH and alkalinity (a hardwater stream [pH 8.0] and a softwater stream [pH 6.7]) and contained low concentrations of dissolved nitrogen (<35 μg liter−1) and phosphorus (<3 μg liter−1). The leaves of each species decomposed faster in the hardwater stream (decomposition rates, 0.010 and 0.007 day−1 for yellow poplar and oak, respectively) than in the softwater stream (decomposition rates, 0.005 and 0.004 day−1 for yellow poplar and oak, respectively). However, within each stream, the rates of decomposition of the leaves of the two species were not significantly different. During the decomposition of leaves, the fungal biomasses determined from ergosterol concentrations, the production rates determined from rates of incorporation of [14C]acetate into ergosterol, and the sporulation rates associated with leaves were dynamic, typically increasing to maxima and then declining. The maximum rates of fungal production and sporulation associated with yellow poplar leaves were greater than the corresponding rates associated with white oak leaves in the hardwater stream but not in the softwater stream. The maximum rates of fungal production associated with the leaves of the two species were higher in the hardwater stream (5.8 mg g−1 day−1 on yellow poplar leaves and 3.1 mg g−1 day−1 on oak leaves) than in the softwater stream (1.6 mg g−1day−1 on yellow poplar leaves and 0.9 mg g−1day−1 on oak leaves), suggesting that effects of water chemistry other than the N and P concentrations, such as pH or alkalinity, may be important in regulating fungal activity in streams. In contrast, the amount of fungal biomass (as determined from ergosterol concentrations) on yellow poplar leaves was greater in the softwater stream (12.8% of detrital mass) than in the hardwater stream (9.6% of detrital mass). This appeared to be due to the decreased amount of fungal biomass that was converted to conidia and released from the leaf detritus in the softwater stream.

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35

Yulianti, Ida, Yulian Fakhrurrozi, and Sri Rahayu. "PERTUMBUHAN SETEK BEBERAPA VARIETAS Hoya coronaria DARI KAWASAN HUTAN KERANGAS AIR AINYIR, BANGKA." EKOTONIA: Jurnal Penelitian Biologi, Botani, Zoologi dan Mikrobiologi 3, no. 1 (June 15, 2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.33019/ekotonia.v3i1.750.

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The research on vegetative propagation of several H. coronaria varieties from heath forest of Air Anyir Bangka, is the first step to cultivate as well as for conservation purpuses. This research purpose to study the growth of stem cutting from several H. coronaria varieties as well as to find the best cutting method. This research was done on Oktober 2015 until January 2016 at trial house on Gabek 2, Pangkalpinang. The experiment applied randomized factorial completely design of 2 factors with 15 level combinations. The first factor is 5 variety of H. coronaria and the second factor is 3 cutting methods with different leaves numbers. Three replications was applied with 3 cutting each of replications. The parameters were observed on the establishment of cuttings (life cutting presentation), root length, root total number, shoot total number, shoot length, stem diameter, leaves total number, leaf wide and internode total number. The result showed that most of all growth parameters except stem diameter were significantly influenced by the varieties differences. All growth parameters were also significantly influenced by the cutting methods as well as all treatment interaction. This result was assumed influence by cutting age an 7 weeks. The best fast growth varieties was variety 5. The best cutting method was 4 leaves cutting. The best treatment interaction was variety 4 with 4 leaves cutting. The slowest growth varieties was variety 1, and the slowest cutting was non leaves cutting. This result were assumed influencing by some factors such us the numbers of leave, nutrition, hormone, genetic and environment.

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36

Vieira, Elvis Lima, and Adriana Queiroz de Almeida. "Plant stimulant effect on Brasil-Bahia tobacco growth and production." Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical 40, no. 4 (December 2010): 468–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1983-40632010000400013.

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The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of the Stimulate® plant stimulant, applied to leaves by spraying, on tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) growth and production. The Brasil-Bahia tobacco and Stimulate®, at the doses of 0.0 mL L-1 (control - water); 1.0 mL L-1; 3.0 mL L-1; 5.0 mL L-1; and 11.0 mL L-1, in watery solution, were used. On the fifteenth day after sowing (DAS), the treatments were applied. A total of six sprayings were made, once a day, each five days. After forty-three DAS, the number of leaves; stem and root length; stem, roots, and leaves dry matter; and leaf area were evaluated, under nursery conditions. In the field, the plants remained for 64 days (107 DAS) and the number of leaves; number of viable leaves; plant height; stem and leaves dry matter; and leaf area were evaluated. Stimulate®, under nursery conditions, decreased stem, root and leaf dry matter and leaf area for tobacco. Stimulate® was also efficient to increase the number of leaves and stem length, under nursery conditions, for the Brasil-Bahia tobacco. Under field conditions, Stimulate®, applied during the vegetative stage, was not efficient to increase leaf production, however, it increased stem height and dry matter.

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37

Ciupak, Anna, Bożena Gładyszewska, Władysław Michałek, and Katarzyna Rubinowska. "Mechanical properties of Polygonatum multiflorum leaves after treatment with growth stimulants." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 99, no. 3 (June 1, 2019): 303–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjps-2018-0120.

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The mechanical properties of leaves are important in many aspects of plant science. Because of their delicate structure, leaves are sensitive to different, potentially harmful, environmental factors. The mechanical properties of leaves are important factors affecting leaf quality, longevity, susceptibility to damage, and decomposition. Two growth stimulants were applied to investigate selected mechanical properties of Solomon’s seal Variegatum [Polygonatum multiflorum (L.) All.] leaves grown under field cultivation and in an unheated polytunnel. The mechanical properties of leaves were assessed by measuring Young’s modulus. The agents used in the treatment were Actisil Hydro Plus at a concentration of 0.4% in the first series and Pentakeep V at a concentration of 0.04% in the second series. Foliar treatment with the stimulants was conducted six times at weekly intervals. The control plots were sprayed with distilled water. The research was carried out between 2012 and 2014. In comparison to the test series, the respective effects of Actisil Hydro Plus and Pentakeep V on the change in Young’s modulus was more notable in plant leaves obtained from the tunnel than those from field cultivation. Specifically, growth stimulants had more impact on the stiffness of leaves obtained from plants grown in the tunnel. Generally, plant leaves from field cultivation were stiffer than those from the tunnel.

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38

Biemond, H. "Effects of nitrogen on development and growth of the leaves of vegetables. 3. Appearance and expansion growth of leaves of spinach." Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science 43, no. 2 (June 1, 1995): 247–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/njas.v43i2.580.

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In a series of greenhouse and field trials, spinach cv. Trias plants were supplied with different amounts of N fertilizer in various split applications. Rates of leaf emergence and expansion were recorded, as well as final leaf size. The rate of leaf appearance varied between 0.16 and 0.57/day across experiments, but was hardly affected by N treatment. The rate of leaf expansion and mature leaf area increased with leaf number, reaching maximum values at leaf pair 3+4 or 5+6 and decreasing subsequently. Both characteristics were positively correlated with N supply. The duration of expansion was not influenced by N treatments and varied between 15 and 30 days in most experiments. The rate of leaf expansion was the main factor determining mature leaf size. Specific leaf area over all green leaves slowly decreased with time in most experiments and was around 300 cmsuperscript 2/g. As the differences in the number of leaves were small, the differences in total green leaf area per plant resulted from differences in the areas of individual mature leaves.

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39

Firdaus, Muhamad Sidiq Irsyadil, and Retno Cahya Mukti. "Utilization of Papaya Leaves (Carica papaya) in Feed on Growth of Catfish (Clarias sp.) in Muara Enim, South Sumatera." IJOTA (Indonesian Journal of Tropical Aquatic) 4, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/ijota.v4i1.14453.

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The feed must have a quality that matches the needs of the fish to produce high fish growth. Feed quality can be improved by adding alternative ingredients to feed. One alternative material that can be used is papaya leaves. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding papaya leaves to feed on the growth of catfish (Clarias sp). This research was conducted in Muara Enim, South Sumatra in August 2020. The treatments were P0: control (without adding papaya leaves) and P1: with the addition of papaya leaves. The data observed included absolute growth, specific growth rate, feed efficiency, and survival. Fish maintenance data that obtained in treatment P0, that absolute weight growth of 8.43 g, absolute length growth 5.13 cm, specific growth rate 6.41 %, feed efficiency 95.77 %, and survival 76 %, while in P1 treatment using leaves papaya produced absolute weight growth of 10.57 g, absolute length growth of 5.17 cm, the specific growth rate of 5.84 %, feed efficiency 100.83 %, and survival 60 %. The results obtained indicate that the provision of papaya leaves affects the growth of catfish.

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40

Soros, Connie L., and Nancy G. Dengler. "Leaf morphogenesis and growth in Cyperus eragrostis (Cyperaoeae)." Canadian Journal of Botany 74, no. 11 (November 1, 1996): 1753–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b96-212.

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We identified the zones of leaf extension, cell division, cell elongation, and cell differentiation in developing leaves of a sedge species, Cyperus eragrostis Lam. (Cyperaceae). The zone of leaf extension was located by measuring the separation between pinhole markers and by observing the staining pattern of Calcofluor White after pulse-labelling growing leaves. These observations were supported by determining growth rates of control and punctured leaves and by scanning electron and light microscopy of developing leaves. The location of the zone of cell division was assessed by enumerating mitotic figures, and the zone of cell elongation was established by measuring lengths of epidermal cells in cleared leaves. These studies indicated that the zone of leaf elongation is within the basal 10–15 mm of a leaf and that cell divisions are restricted to the basal 0.2–1 mm. Radial enlargement of internal tissues begins in the basal half of the elongation zone and cells are fully differentiated within a short distance above it. Expanding leaves can be divided into three zones: zone 1, a basal meristematic zone where cell division and some cell elongation occur; zone 2, a zone above the base where cells are elongating but cell division has ceased; and zone 3, a zone where elongation is complete and cells have reached their final length. This pattern of leaf development is similar to, but more condensed than, feat found in the related monocotyledonous family, the Poaceae. Keywords: Cyperus eragrostis, leaf development, leaf extension zone, Cyperaceae, cell enlargement.

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41

Schechter, Ido, J. T. A. Proctor, and D. C. Elfving. "Rootstock Affects Vegetative Growth Characteristics and Productivity of `Delicious' Apple." HortScience 26, no. 9 (September 1991): 1145–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.26.9.1145.

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Fruit and leaves were harvested from sample branches in Oct. 1987 and 1988 from `Starkspur Supreme Delicious' apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) trees on nine rootstocks (Ottawa 3, M.7 EMLA, M.9 EMLA, M.26 EMLA, M.27 EMLA, M.9, MAC-9, MAC-24, OAR 1) planted in 1980. Harvested leaves were separated into shoot leaves and spur leaves. Based on a standardized unit (centimeter of limb circumference), rootstocks strongly influenced the number, area, dry weight, and percentage of leaves in each category in both years. Yield per centimeter of limb circumference (limb yield efficiency, LYE) varied widely among rootstocks. LYE was highly correlated with spur density and with spur leaf variables but not with shoot leaf number, dry weight, or area. Rootstock effect on spur density may partially explain their effect on yield characteristics. The rootstock OAR 1 affected some of these characteristics differently than the others.

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42

Lin, Chao-Yi, and Der-Ming Yeh. "Potassium Nutrition Affects Leaf Growth, Anatomy, and Macroelements of Guzmania." HortScience 43, no. 1 (February 2008): 146–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.43.1.146.

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Guzmania lingulata (L.) Mez. ‘Cherry’ plants were grown in coconut husk chips. All plants were given 8 mm nitrogen (N), 2 mm phosphorus (P), 4 mm calcium (Ca), and 1 mm magnesium (Mg) at each irrigation with potassium (K) concentration at 0, 2, 4, or 6 mm. After 9 months, K concentration did not alter the number of new leaves, and shoot and root dry weights. Increasing K concentration did not affect the length but increased the width of the most recently fully expanded leaves (the sixth leaves). Plants under 0 K exhibited yellow spots and irregular chlorosis on old leaves being more severe at the middle of the blade and leaf tip. Numbers of leaves with yellow spots or chlorosis decreased with increasing K concentration. Chlorenchyma thickness was unaffected by K concentration, whereas water storage tissue and total leaf thickness increased with increasing K concentration. Leaf N concentration in the sixth or 10th leaf was unaffected by solution K concentration. However, plants at 0 mm K had higher N concentration in the 14th leaf than those in sixth and 10th leaves. Leaf P, Ca, and Mg concentrations decreased with increasing solution K concentration. K concentrations were higher in the sixth leaf than the 14th leaf in plants at 0, 2, or 4 mm K, whereas leaf K concentration was 15 g·kg−1 on dry weight basis in the sixth, 10th, or 14th leaves in plants treated with 6 mm K.

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Rahmawati, Fri, and Hertina Silaban. "Bioactivity of Kemangi Leaves (Ocimum sanctum) and Ruku Leaves (Ocimum tenuiflorum)." International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 11, no. 5 (June 1, 2021): 379–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20210558.

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Kemangi (Ocimum sanctum) is commonly used as a vegetable (fresh vegetables) and traditional medicine in Indonesia. Kemangi leaves have been empirically used as an alternative medicine for wound healing. Apart from kemangi, a morphologically similar plant to kemangi, namely ruku ruku, is often used by Indonesians as a cooking spice. The leaves of ruku ruku (Ocimum tenuiflorum) have been empirically used in various alternative medicine, namely to treat fever, cough, gout, nerves, mouth sores, tinea versicolor, nausea and vomiting. The research was conducted to determine the antimicrobial activity (antibacterial and antifungal), antioxidants and phytochemical analysis of the ethanol extract of kemangi leaves and ruku ruku leaves. The extraction method used is the maceration method using 96% ethanol as a solvent. The antimicrobial test was carried out using the agar diffusion method. The bacteria used are Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, while the fungi used are Candida albicans. Phytochemical analysis used the Harbone method, and the antioxidant test used the 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl Hidrazil (DPPH) method. The results showed that the extracts of kemangi and ruku ruku leaves contained flavonoid and steroid compounds. The antimicrobial test results showed that only ruku ruku leaves inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus with an inhibition zone of 9.35 mm, and the two extracts used could not inhibit the growth of the fungus Candida albicans. In contrast, the results of the antioxidant test showed that the ruku ruku and kemangi leaf extracts had an antioxidant activity with inhibition concentration 50 (IC50) values of 225.64 ppm and 455.11 ppm. Keywords: Bioactivity, Kemangi, Phytochemicals, Ruku.

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Menon, Sheeba, and Janki Thakker. "Assessment of Amaranthus viridis L. Leaves on Growth, Antifungal and Antioxidant Activity of Cicer arientinum L." International Journal of Pharma Medicine and Biological Sciences 9, no. 2 (2020): 70–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijpmbs.9.2.70-74.

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45

Hajiboland, R., and F. Amirazad. "Growth, photosynthesis and antioxidant defense systém in Zn-deficient red cabbage plants." Plant, Soil and Environment 56, No. 5 (May 7, 2010): 209–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/207/2009-pse.

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The effect of Zn deficiency was studied in red cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata f. rubra) plants grown in nutrient solution under controlled environmental conditions. Zinc starvation affected the number (61%), surface area (72%) and biomass (62%) of leaves more than root biomass (42%). Although chlorophyll fluorescence parameters revealed occurrence of photoinhibition following declined stomatal conductance and reduction of CO2 available at carboxylation sites, photosynthesis apparatus was not damaged seriously under Zn deficiency conditions. Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll a/b ratio, soluble carbohydrates and starch declined but anthocyanins and free phenolics were accumulated under Zn deficiency conditions. Activity of ascorbate peroxidase, catalase and peroxidase enhanced under Zn deficiency conditions, whereas activity of superoxide dismutase declined in leaves but not in roots of Zn-deficient plants. Maintenance of superoxide dismutase activity and malondialdehyde content in roots demonstrated that roots were more protected against reactive oxygen species imbalance under Zn deficiency conditions compared with leaves that was correlated well with the lower sensitivity of roots to low Zn supply.

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46

Franco, Rosanne E., and Susan S. Han. "Respiratory Changes Associated with Growth-regulator-delayed Leaf Yellowing in Easter Lily." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 122, no. 1 (January 1997): 117–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.122.1.117.

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Senescence of excised Easter lily leaves is typically marked by a rise in respiration without a concomitant production of ethylene. Treating excised leaves with 500 mg·L-1 of gibberellic acid (GA3) or benzyladenine (BA) significantly delayed the onset of leaf yellowing, lowered the respiration rates by one-third to one-half, and markedly delayed the respiratory rise. Similar effects on respiration were detected in leaves treated with BA or GA3 before a 4-week period of cold storage and in leaves treated after chlorosis had initiated. Results of this study indicate that excised Easter lily leaves respond to the growth regulators with a significant decrease in respiration rate.

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47

Dickson, Richard E., Patricia T. Tomlinson, and J. G. Isebrands. "Allocation of current photosynthate and changes in tissue dry weight within northern red oak seedlings: individual leaf and flush carbon contribution during episodic growth." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 30, no. 8 (August 1, 2000): 1296–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x00-058.

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Relatively little is known about the changing carbon allocation patterns in species with episodic growth cycles such as northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.). To examine such changing allocation and growth patterns, northern red oak plants were grown from seed in controlled environment chambers through four cycles of growth. 14CO2 was supplied to leaves of the first, second, or third flushes at different Quercus morphological index growth stages within each flush, and the distribution of 14C within the plant was analyzed. Carbon allocation from source leaves of the first and second flush was primarily upward during the subsequent cycle of shoot growth and downward during lag and bud growth stages. All leaves within a flush did not respond the same. Upper leaves allocated most 14C-photosynthate upward during leaf and shoot growth while lower leaves supplied more 14C to lower stem and roots. During the third and fourth flushes, differential allocation from leaves within a flush resulted in essentially equal upward and downward carbon allocation. Growth and allometric relationships reflected these changes in carbon allocation.

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48

Putra, Andhika, and Wawan Setiawan Sinaga. "Supplementation of Cassava Leaf (Manihot Esculenta Crantz) in Field Grass in Sheep Growth." Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research 1, no. 3 (February 19, 2019): 218–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/injar.v1i3.493.

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Supplementation of cassava leaves (ManihotesculentaCrantz) in the base grass field ration of male rams in the growth period aims to determine the effect of giving cassava leaves to the performance of sheepparameters measured in this study were consumption level, body weight gain and feed conversion in local sheep in the growth period. This study used randomized complete design (CRD) 4 treatments and 6 replications. Using male local sheep with an average body weight of = 12 ± 1.93. The treatment used T0 = without giving cassava leaves (Control), T1 = 25% cassava leaves, T2 = 50% cassava leaves, T3 = 75% cassava leaves. The results of the study with variance analysis showed no significant effect (p> 0.05)feed consumption level, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio the conclusion of this study is the supplementation of cassava leaves (ManihotesculentaCrantz) on grass-based rations did not provide a different growth increase in weaning local male sheep.

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Rogers, D. J., and M. J. Sullivan. "GROWTH OF GEOCORIS PUNCTIPES (HEMIPTERA: LYGAEIDAE) ON ATTACHED AND DETACHED LEAVES OF PEST-RESISTANT SOYBEANS." Journal of Entomological Science 22, no. 3 (July 1, 1987): 282–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-22.3.282.

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Abstract:

A field experiment using attached soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merrill, leaves showed that fresh weight gain of Geocoris punctipes (Say) (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae) nymphs between days 14 and 21 was greater on ‘Govan’ and ‘Bragg’ leaves than on leaves of PI229358. Weight gain on ‘Govan’ leaves was greater than on PI171451 leaves. In the same experiment, there were no differences in fresh weight growth of G. punctipes nymphs on detached leaves of the four genotypes.

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Tang, A. C. "Root pressurization affects growth-induced water potentials and growth in dehydrated maize leaves." Journal of Experimental Botany 54, no. 392 (September 25, 2003): 2479–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erg265.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Growth of leaves'

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