Dissertations / Theses: 'Growth pattern'

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Salehi, Taleghani Amir. "Entrepreneurial Growth Pattern : A Comparison Study on the Growth Pattern of Dotcoms vs. Brick-and-Mortars." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-61934.

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Entrepreneurship is the foundation of the economic for each country. It has an inevitable impact onmicro- and macro-economic factors such as GDP, economic growth, employment/unemploymentrate, regional development, etc. Thus, entrepreneurial practices are crucial for each country in orderto have better economic conditions.Growth is the dominant part of entrepreneurial practices from which the success of small firms canbe assessed and evaluated. Firm’s growth involves different aspects such as motives, finance andownership strategies, indicators, and growth stimulus. These factors together provide a pattern ofgrowth that is different from one company to another.Since the advent of the Internet there has been changes in the business world and the terms such asdotcom, digital entrepreneurship, e-services, e-banking, etc. made a dramatic change in the way ofdoing business. Some companies were established based on the Internet and their income andexistence relied on the Internet. Some others on the other hand, use traditional method of businessbesides using the Internet as an extra tool.This study examines the small business growth pattern in order to find out how small firms grow.Furthermore, the difference between the growth pattern of digital firms and traditional companies isexamined to find out how the pattern of growth differs from dotcoms to the brick-and-mortars.This study is based on a qualitative research method with the approach of a case study research. Thecase study is designed on one major case to go deep while having four other supporting companiesin order to get the best results with the least subjectivity. The questionnaire was designed on a semistructureand the results were coded for the pattern. The questions were designed based on theconceptual framework which was changes based on the results and optimized.The results from this study provide a framework that gives a pattern of growth for small firms. Thesuggested framework of growth pattern has some major components: growth motive, growthstrategy, growth indicator, and growth stimulus. Furthermore, the research findings define the majordifferences between the growth pattern of dotcoms and brick-and-mortars.

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Teng, Jing. "Pattern formation and growth kinetics in eutectic systems." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2007.

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Ali, Adnan. "Stochastic pattern formation in growth models with spatial competition." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2012. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/54323/.

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The field of stochastic growth encompasses various different processes which are ubiquitously seen across the physical world. In many systems, stochasticity appears quite naturally, where inherent randomness provides the right setting for the tone of motion and interaction, whose symphony leads to the surprising emergence of interesting patterns and structure. Although on the microscopic scale one can be overwhelmed by the randomness arising from the fluctuating interactions between components, on the macroscopic scale, however, one is mesmerized by the emergence of mathematical beauty and symmetry, leading to complex structures with fractal architecture. Competition between components adds an extra degree of complexity and leads to the possibility of critical behaviour and phase transitions. It is an important aspect of many systems, and in order to provide a full explanation of many natural phenomena, we have to understand the role it plays on modifying behaviour. The combination of stochastic growth and competition leads to the emergence of interesting complex patterns. They occur in various systems and in many forms, and thus we treat competition in growth models driven by different laws for the stochastic noise. As a consequence our results are widely applicable and we encourage the reader to find good use for them in their respective field. In this thesis we study stochastic systems containing interacting particles whose motion and interplay lead to directed growth structures on a particular geometry. We show how the effect of the overall geometry in many growth processes can be captured elegantly in terms of a time dependent metric. A natural example we treat is isoradial growth in two dimensions, with domain boundaries of competing microbial species as an example of a system with a homogeneously changing metric. In general, we view domain boundaries as space-time trajectories of particles moving on a dynamic surface and map those into more easily tractable systems with constant metric. This leads to establishing a generic relation between locally interacting, scale invariant stochastic space-time trajectories under constant and time dependent metric. Indeed “the book of nature is written in the language of mathematics” (Galileo Galilei) and we provide a mathematical framework for various systems with various interactions and our results are backed with numerical confirmation.

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Chintaradeja, Varavuth. "Documenting state employment pattern and growth during business cycles /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3144407.

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Kufimfutu, Bakelana ba. "Crop planting pattern effects on crop and weed growth /." The Ohio State University, 1992. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487778663287222.

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Gjorgjieva, Julijana. "Turing Pattern Dynamics for Spatiotemporal Models with Growth and Curvature." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2006. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/hmc_theses/181.

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Turing theory plays an important role in real biological pattern formation problems, such as solid tumor growth and animal coat patterns. To understand how patterns form and develop over time due to growth, we consider spatiotemporal patterns, in particular Turing patterns, for reaction diffusion systems on growing surfaces with curvature. Of particular interest is isotropic growth of the sphere, where growth of the domain occurs in the same proportion in all directions. Applying a modified linear stability analysis and a separation of timescales argument, we derive the necessary and sufficient conditions for a diffusion driven instability of the steady state and for the emergence of spatial patterns. Finally, we explore these results using numerical simulations.

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Numazawa, Satoshi. "Modeling of metal nanocluster growth on patterned substrates and surface pattern formation under ion bombardment." Forschungszentrum Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:d120-qucosa-93652.

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This thesis addresses the metal nanocluster growth process on prepatterned substrates, the development of atomistic simulation method with respect to an acceleration of the atomistic transition states, and the continuum model of the ion-beam inducing semiconductor surface pattern formation mechanism. Experimentally, highly ordered Ag nanocluster structures have been grown on pre-patterned amorphous SiO^2 surfaces by oblique angle physical vapor deposition at room temperature. Despite the small undulation of the rippled surface, the stripe-like Ag nanoclusters are very pronounced, reproducible and well-separated. The first topic is the investigation of this growth process with a continuum theoretical approach to the surface gas condensation as well as an atomistic cluster growth model. The atomistic simulation model is a lattice-based kinetic Monte-Carlo (KMC) method using a combination of a simplified inter-atomic potential and experimental transition barriers taken from the literature. An effective transition event classification method is introduced which allows a boost factor of several thousand compared to a traditional KMC approach, thus allowing experimental time scales to be modeled. The simulation predicts a low sticking probability for the arriving atoms, millisecond order lifetimes for single Ag monomers and ≈1 nm square surface migration ranges of Ag monomers. The simulations give excellent reproduction of the experimentally observed nanocluster growth patterns. The second topic specifies the acceleration scheme utilized in the metallic cluster growth model. Concerning the atomistic movements, a classical harmonic transition state theory is considered and applied in discrete lattice cells with hierarchical transition levels. The model results in an effective reduction of KMC simulation steps by utilizing a classification scheme of transition levels for thermally activated atomistic diffusion processes. Thermally activated atomistic movements are considered as local transition events constrained in potential energy wells over certain local time periods. These processes are represented by Markov chains of multi-dimensional Boolean valued functions in three dimensional lattice space. The events inhibited by the barriers under a certain level are regarded as thermal fluctuations of the canonical ensemble and accepted freely. Consequently, the fluctuating system evolution process is implemented as a Markov chain of equivalence class objects. It is shown that the process can be characterized by the acceptance of metastable local transitions. The method is applied to a problem of Au and Ag cluster growth on a rippled surface. The simulation predicts the existence of a morphology dependent transition time limit from a local metastable to stable state for subsequent cluster growth by accretion. The third topic is the formation of ripple structures on ion bombarded semiconductor surfaces treated in the first topic as the prepatterned substrate of the metallic deposition. This intriguing phenomenon has been known since the 1960\'s and various theoretical approaches have been explored. These previous models are discussed and a new non-linear model is formulated, based on the local atomic flow and associated density change in the near surface region. Within this framework ripple structures are shown to form without the necessity to invoke surface diffusion or large sputtering as important mechanisms. The model can also be extended to the case where sputtering is important and it is shown that in this case, certain \\lq magic\' angles can occur at which the ripple patterns are most clearly defined. The results including some analytic solutions of the nonlinear equation of motions are in very good agreement with experimental observation.

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Zhang, Qi. "The Application of Sequential Pattern Mining in Healthcare Workflow System and an Improved Mining Algorithm Based on Pattern-Growth Approach." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1378113261.

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Zerkoune, Mohammed A. "Effect of Messenger® on Cantaloupe Growth Pattern and Yield." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214943.

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An experimental site was selected at Yuma Agricultural Research Center, University of Arizona, to evaluate the effect of Messenger on melon plant growth and yield. Four treatments in completely randomized block design replicated four times were applied to melon planted on 84- inch beds. High Mark open pollinated melon variety was planted on 3-20-2001 using a commercial planter. Treatments included Messenger applied at 3-leaf stage on 5-4-2001 Messenger applied every 14 days starting on 5-15, 5-29, 6-13, 6-27-2001, standard management practices and control. Observations collected included plant mapping and yield. Results were variable, showed no significant effect of Messenger on plant growth and yield. However, there was indication that Messenger may have an effect on plant growth pattern and yield. Messenger applied at 3-leaf stage and repeated applications seemed to induce an early melon formation, increased number of nodes and yield. It was not possible to make recommendation based on one-year results. Further investigation is needed to verify the results obtained from this experiment.

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Wasserman, Jonathan Daniel. "Pattern formation in Drosophila : roles of the EGF receptor pathway." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.624214.

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Calais, Andreas. "Poor welfare or future investment? Different growth pattern of broiler breeders." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Biologi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-118552.

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The parental stock of meat type chickens (broiler breeders) are commonly feed restricted to decrease their rapid growth and the issues associated with it. Among these birds, chronic hunger and stress are the most prominent welfare concerns and mass heterogeneity within flocks a major management challenge. The present study compared small and large broiler breeders of the same age within a flock, with the hypothesis that small birds would show signs of poorer welfare indicated by higher corticosterone concentration and heterophil/lymphocyte ratio as a consequence of higher experienced feed restriction due to competition. It also aimed to characterize morphometric differences between small and large birds within flocks as well as between birds on different feeding regimens; skip-a-day vs. every-day-fed. Heterophil/lymphocyte ratio at 4 weeks was significantly higher in large birds compared to small birds, but corticosterone concentration did not differ. Relative mass of the upper gastrointestinal tract, pancreas and liver of small birds at 4 weeks of age were significantly larger, while relative muscle and gizzard fat mass were significantly lower compared to large birds. 12 weeks old skip-a-day fed birds largely followed the pattern of 4 weeks old small birds. In the present study, no clear signs of poorer welfare in small broiler breeders could be seen and the morphometric differences might suggest different ways to cope with feed competition. A larger gastrointestinal tract might indicate long-term investments and maybe that smaller broiler breeders, and skip-a-day fed birds, are better habituated to feed restriction.

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Chen, Peng 1960. "Precipitation and Pattern Formation under Far-From-Equilibrium Conditions." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1995. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278650/.

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Precipitates of a series of alkaline earth metal (barium and strontium) carbonates, chromates, phosphates, and sulfates were formed at high supersaturation by diffusion through silica hydrogel, agarose hydrogel, and the freshly developed agarosesilica mixed gels. The reaction vessels could be a small test tube, a recently designed standard micro slide cassette and a enlarged supercassette. Homogeneous nucleation is thought to have taken place, and particle development led to the formation of an unusual category of materials, known as Induced Morphology Crystal Aggregates [IMCA], at high pH under far-from-equilibrium conditions. Standard procedures were developed in order to produce homogeneous gels. Particle development led to characteristic style of pattern formation, which I have called monster, spiral, and flake. Among these IMCA, barium carbonate, chromate, and sulfate were moderately easy to grow. Barium phosphate was very difficult to grow as IMCA due to formation of poorly crystalline spherulites. IMCA of strontium carbonate, chromate and sulfate could be developed at high basic pH in the presence of silicate. Strontium carbonate sheet morphology displays a unique property, double internal layer structure, which was identified by backscattering electron imaging (BEI). Selected electron diffraction (SAD) revealed a new crystal phase which was called "Dentonite". Precipitate particles were isolated using a non-destructive isolation technique. Optical microscopy was widely used to examine particles in situ and scanning electron microscopy and X-ray dispersive energy (EDX) spectroscopy were applied to particles ex situ, together with ESCA for surface analysis. Growth patterns were found to be strongly dependent on pH. Other related pattern formation processes were also investigated including normal and dendritic structures, spherulitic structures and periodic pattern formation. Some interpretations were proposed in terms of mechanism. Chemical additive effects were examined experimentally in the calcium phosphate system. The effect of external ionic strength was investigated, and it was found that a certain concentration of sodium chloride (0.2 M) approximately equals a fraction of pH unit (-0.2).

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Kuzovkov, Vladimir, Eugene Kotomin, and Guntars Zvejnieks. "Modelling of diffusion-controlled pattern formation in thin metallic film growth on crystalline substrates: Modelling of diffusion-controlled pattern formation in thinmetallic film growth on crystalline substrates." Diffusion fundamentals 2 (2005) 28, S. 1-2, 2005. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A14358.

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Bell, K. M. "Pattern formation and growth during the development of the embryonic chick limb." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.355728.

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Brighton, Bryan Arthur. "Improved pattern growth and reconfiguration methods for a fault- tolerant cellular architecture." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/104325.

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Desh, Heather Colleen. "MASSETER MUSCLE MYOSIN 1C GENE EXPRESSION: RELATIONSHIPS TO GROWTH FACTORS AND INFLUENCE ON FIBER-TYPE AND SKELETAL GROWTH PATTERN." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2012. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/172046.

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Oral Biology
M.S.
The presence of dentofacial deformities in humans is prevalent, with distortions in jaw growth affecting about 20% of people worldwide. Least is known about the genetic etiology of malocclusions, so it is the purpose of this study to identify genetic factors which influence jaw growth and examine how their expression correlates with vertical and sagittal malocclusions. Myostatin (MSTN) is a negative growth regulator which functions to inhibit excessive growth of muscle. Mice in which this gene was absent exhibited increased muscle mass and altered skeletal form, indicating the role of genetic control on muscle mass and skeletal phenotype. IGF-1 is an anabolic growth factor which acts in coordination with growth hormone to promote myofiber regeneration and hypertrophy. A third gene of interest, myosin 1C is a class I myosin which functions to regulate glucose uptake via facilitated glucose transporter 4 (GLUT 4) in insulin and contraction stimulated pathways. Given its role in muscle metabolism in addition to its association to MYO1H, a paralogous protein which has been associated with Class III malocclusions, the goal of this study was to elucidate the possible role of MYO1C in mediating the metabolic effects of growth factors on fiber size and phenotype and subsequently skeletal form. The aims of this study are as follows: quantify MYO1C expression in masseter muscle from individuals of different occlusal groups; compare MYO1C expression to myosin heavy chain gene expression and fiber percent occupancy by sagittal and vertical malocclusion classes; compare expression of MSTN and IGF-1 to MYO1C to evaluate if a correlation exists; evaluate the expression of MYO1C and MYO1H to identify differences in proportions among malocclusion types. Human masseter muscle samples were provided by oral surgeons at the University of Lille, France from subjects undergoing bilateral sagittal split osteotomy surgery for treatment of malocclusion. Muscle RNA was isolated with TRIzolTM reagent, digested with DNase I, re-isolated with RNAqueous® and quantified in 42 samples by triplicate assays of TaqMan® real time PCR using RNA-to-CTTM 1-Step reagent and an Applied Biosystems Step One Plus instrument. A 25ng amount of skeletal muscle standard was selected as a reference calibrator and relative expression quantities of MYO1C were determined by the comparative threshold cycle (CT) method. The relative quantity (RQ) of expressed RNA is calculated from the CT value. Fiber type, area and percent occupancy had been determined previously for 39 of 42 masseter muscle samples used in this study. Expression of the genes for MyHC-I/β, IIA, IIX, perinatal (neonatal) and α (atrial) in another 39 of the 42 masseter muscle samples had also been previously quantified by RT-PCR for use in correlation analyses with MYO1C expression. Based on the results collected, the final conclusions were drawn: * MYO1C expression is greater in open and normal versus deep bites and Class III versus Class II malocclusions. The highest expression is seen with Class III open bites and the lowest with Class II normal malocclusions. * Class II deep and normal bites showed high correlation between MYO1C expression and atrial and neonatal/atrial MHC gene expression, which require increased MYO1C for oxidative metabolism. They exhibited a negative correlation to type I MHC gene expression and percent occupancy, as deep bites have fewer type I fibers. * Class III open bites had high correlation between MYO1C and neonatal MHC gene expression and low correlation to type II MHC gene expression due to increased percentage of high oxidative type I fibers in open bites and diminished type II fibers. * Correlations between MYO1C and hybrid I/II fiber percent occupancy was unpredictable by occlusal group due to transitional nature of fibers. * MYO1C expression is correlated to growth factor expression in Class III but not in Class II malocclusions, indicating its potential interactive role in masseter metabolism in the Class III group. * Class I myosins are highly expressed in Class III open bites. * Class II deep bites exhibited the lowest expression of MYO1H, indicating the masseters are less regulated by class I myosins. * MYO1H is closely linked with type II MHC gene expression, while MYO1C has a close association with types I and neonatal MHC gene expression. * An association exists between class I myosins and both type I and neonatal/atrial fiber percent occupancy. * A greater sample size of approximately 102 would permit an accurate test for significant differences in future studies.
Temple University--Theses

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謝秀嫻 and Siew Han Chay. "Vascular endothelial growth pattern during demineralized bone matrix (intramembranous bone origin) induced osteogenesis." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38628417.

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Chay, Siew Han. "Vascular endothelial growth pattern during demineralized bone matrix (intramembranous bone origin) induced osteogenesis." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/HKUTO/record/B38628417.

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Neeves, Anne Rebecca. "A pattern of local government growth : Sheffield and its building regulations, 1840-1914." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/35578.

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Ojala, Anne. "Studies of growth rates of some freshwater cryptophyte algae." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1991. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/25921.

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Cryptophytes are free-living unicellular algae which are important for the productivity and food chain Dynamics of temperate lakes. This study provides fundamental information on the ecophysiology of two freshwater cryptophytes of different cell size, mainly in terms of growth and related factors. This thesis comprises of six chapters, three of which describe light or light-and-temperature experiments with small-scale batch cultures (Chapters. 2 to 4), one depicts a larger scale laboratory experiment simulating natural conditions (Chapter 5) and the two last (Chapters 6 and 7) are based on short-term investigations in situ. The effects of light and temperature on nutrient-saturated growth and cellular composition (chlorophyll a, proteins, carbohydrates) were studied in batch cultures. With the help of mathematical models, the physiological basis for interspecific differences of growth response was determined (Chapter 2). The cryptophyte strain L315 appeared to be a cold-water species as its optimum temperature was ca. 19°C. The strain L485 was more adapted to warm-water conditions with its optimum of ca. 24.5 °C. In respect of their growth response to irradiance, L485 can be said to be a stenotopic and L315 a eurytopic strain, as L485 shows photoinhibition soon after saturation point, whereas L315 tolerates a much wider range of irradiance. The role of changes in cellular composition is discussed. In order to explain the observed growth differences the effects of light and temperature on gross photosynthesis, respiration and hence net productivity were studied (Chapter 3). The observed respiration/photosynthesis ratios were high, as in L485 and L315 respiration accounted for 17-77 % and 14-81 % of gross photosynthesis, respectively. Under optimum conditions the respiration/Pmax for L485 was 17 % and for L315 58 %. The response of cryptophytes to chromatic light was studied by means of quantitative epifluorescence microscopy and it was found that in comparison to blue-green algae cryptophytes L485 and L315 do not gain such great adaptational advantages in terms of growth by chromatic adaptation (Chapter 4). The modest role of chromatic adaptation is discussed. The role of diel vertical migrations (DVM) in the growth of cryptophytes was studied in 4 m tall experimental columns (Chapter 5). Results revealed that by migrating into cooler, nutrient rich. hypolimnion flagellated cryptophytes can increase their growth rate under conditions where resources (light and nutrients) are spatially separated for prolonged time periods. This study also emphasizes the need for more detailed DVM studies in situ. Finally, the pattern and timing of nuclear and cellular division in two Cryptomonas species in situ was studied by means of mitotic index technique (Chapter 6) and DNA quantification (Chapter 7). The nuclear division of Cryptomonas L485 (Chapter 6) appeared to be well phased, but as in this division pattern mitosis and cytokinesis were totally overlapping, it was impossible to calculate in situ growth rates. Field observations (Chapter 7) revealed that DNA quantification by means of epifluorescence microscopy is possible from a natural cryptophyte population, but as the Cryptomonas sp. population under scrutiny was not well phased, growth rate calculation could not be carried out. The survival strategies of Cryptophytes L485 and L315 in terms of r vs. K strategies are discussed in Chapter 8. It is pointed out that, although the habitats occupied by these strains as well as some of their morphological and physiological features indicate that L485 is probably a r-strategist and L315 a K-strategist, it is not possible to draw final conclusions on the basis of this study. Light and temperature, i.e. the factors mostly studied in this thesis, are presumably not the environmental factors of greatest selective importance for these cryptophytes in natural competitive situations.

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Paek, Seunggeun. "Urban growth pattern and sustainable development: a comparative study of municipalities in the Seoul Metropolitan Region." Texas A&M University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4267.

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The main purpose of this study was to obtain a better understanding of the impact of urban growth and change on sustainability based on a comparative study of municipalities comprising Gyeonggi Province within the Seoul Metropolitan Region, Korea over the 1990-2000 period. To examine the impact of urban growth and change on sustainability, this study selected 38 sustainability indicators (population density, waste recycling rate, time spent commuting, etc.) and then measured progress towards sustainability in 31 study areas for the years 1990, 1995 and 2000. Data for this study were drawn from the 1990-2000 censuses and local government publications. Statistical methods such as t-test, analysis of variance and factor analysis were used to answer the research questions. This study led to five major findings. First, the study areas with higher densities showed the lower mean values of sustainability. This result implies that increased density does not necessarily result in improved sustainability. Second, the level of sustainability has increased over time in urban areas with green belt, but the mean differences were not statistically significant. On the contrary, the level of sustainability continued to decline in their surrounding areas over the study period. In particular, there was a significant decline between 1995 and 2000. Third, for the entire region, the overall level of sustainability has not improved over the study period. However, different trends of sustainability have emerged within different parts of the region. Fourth, there were significant differences in the mean values for the level of sustainability among three zones within the region. Overall, the level of sustainability was much higher in the nature preservation zone (where development projects are strictly controlled to protect natural resources) than in the growth management zone (where urban development consistent with the planned land use is allowed) and the over-concentration control zone (where further development is discouraged to control population growth) during the study period. Fifth, although there were some variations in elements affecting the pattern of sustainability for each year, key elements influencing the pattern of sustainability remained relatively stable over the study period.

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Tam, Yee-san Issan. "Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations and phosphorylation pattern in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B40687673.

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Kuzovkov, Vladimir, Eugene Kotomin, and Guntars Zvejnieks. "Modelling of diffusion-controlled pattern formation in thin metallic film growth on crystalline substrates." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-195410.

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Valentine, Tracy Anne. "Isolation of Arabidopsis mutants resistant to root pattern disrupting signals from carrot embryogenic cultures." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.314375.

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Hörkkö, T. (Tuomo). "Growth and progression in colorectal cancer." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2006. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514282809.

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Abstract Colorectal cancer is the second most common malignancy in the Western World. The overall 5-year survival is still only 50–60%. Thus, better prognostic markers are needed to improve survival of the disease. Most colorectal cancers develop from pre-existing adenomas including conventional, flat and serrated adenomas. The most important prognostic factors include tumour stage, histologic subtype and poor differentiation. The prognosis of colorectal cancer depends mainly on tumour stage. The growth of colorectal cancer is determined by cell proliferation, differentation and apoptosis. The progression of colorectal cancer is associated with the growth pattern of colorectal cancer and its invasive margin. Cancer cell budding means the presence of cells scattered in the stroma at the invasive margin, and is associated with β-catenin, an adhesion protein involved in the nuclear Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Hormones may be directly involved in the growth of a cancer, for example sex hormones play an important role in the development of most gynaecological cancers. The knowledge about the dependency of cancers on other hormones, such as thyroid hormones, is limited. This thesis focuses on factors affecting growth and prognosis in colorectal cancer. Antibodies for Ki-67, caspase cleavage site for keratin 18, β-catenin and TRβ1 were used to determine their possible associations with colorectal cancer growth patterns and the characteristics of the invasive margin. Apoptosis and proliferation were decreased at the invasive margin, particularly in serrated adenocarcinomas. The invasive margin showed a presence of budding cell clusters in 24.0% of the cases and this predicted a very poor 5-year-survival (15.4%, P < 0.00001), but nuclear β-catenin accumulation did not predict budding. Thyroid hormone receptor TRβ1 was associated with polypoid growth, presence of KRAS mutations and also with a higher WHO histological grade and advanced Dukes' stage, and in in vitro analysis, thyroid hormone T3 had a modulatory effect on colorectal cancer cell protein synthesis and apoptosis. In conclusion, the growth type of colorectal cancer, i.e. conventional polypoid, flat or serrated, has an association with the characteristics of the invasive margin. Budding margin is associated with poor prognosis in colorectal cancer, and could be utilised in diagnostic pathology. Association of TRβ1 expression with polypoid growth pattern and the presence of KRAS mutations suggest that abnormalities in thyroid hormone signalling involving TRβ1 play a role in the development of some types of colorectal adenocarcinomas.

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Ochoa, Orlando Antonio. "Growth, endogenous technological change and the pattern of trade : an empirical investigation on OECD manufacturing." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.359746.

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Mukherji, Abhishek. "SNIF TOOL - Sniffing for patterns in continuous streams." Worcester, Mass. : Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 2008. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-021108-150542/.

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Chen, Lizhen. "Thermodynamic vs kinetic control of particle assembly and pattern replication." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2017. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/702.

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This research aims to investigate how particles assemble together through thermodynamic and kinetic control. Particle assembly with thermodynamic control is achieved in part due to electrostatic attraction between particles. Electrostatic attraction between particles can be achieved by functionalizing polystyrene or SiO2 particles with different charges. Particles with different charges will come together in solution slowly and self-assemble to form ordered crystals with different patterns based on size and charge ratios of two oppositely charged particles. Kinetic control of particle assembly is achieved by pattern aided exponential amplification of nanoscale structures. Some of these nanoscale structures are difficult to build with other conventional synthetic methods. On the other hand, as for kinetically controlled particle replication, the patterns can be synthesized by one of two ways i) crystal products which are produced by thermodynamically controlled particle assembly or ii) single particle deposition. Specifically, kinetically controlled particle assembly focuses on constructing SiO2 particles. Exponential replication of SiO2 particles is achieved by growing a "bridge layer", between templates of SiO2 particles and next generation SiO2 replicas. By dissolving the bridge layer, two times the amount of the SiO2 particles with the shape of the original templates can be formed. In the next generation, all the particles serve as template particles. Thus, after n cycles of replication, 2n amount of products can be formed. If successful, particle assembly can be thermodynamic controlled and particle exponential replication can be kinetical controlled, which will enable new ways to build particles with well-defined shapes from readily available building blocks.

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Rajaganeshan, Rajasundaram. "The Role of Invasive Growth Pattern, Angiogenesis and Local Hypoxia in Colorectal Cancer and Liver Metastases." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.503276.

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Tam, Yee-san Issan, and 譚薏珊. "Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations and phosphorylation pattern in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B40687673.

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Catley, Merryn Anne. "Studies of the genetic control of grain growth and the pattern of amyloplast DNA accumulation during the endosperm development in wheat." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235819.

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Song, Yiliu. "The Convergence Pattern in the Latter Economic Development: Evidence from 1959-2016 U.S. Counties." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1781.

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In the early literature, the empirical evidence showed that the rate of economic convergence is close to 2%. This paper reexamined the convergence pattern of U.S. counties from 1959-2015 and explored the potential impact of the net migration rate and population density on the rate of convergence. By investigating both the ordinary least square and quantile regression estimates, this paper found out the convergence pattern for the latter economic development period differed from that in the early period. This change is mainly featured by a close to zero convergence rate after 1979. Furthermore, for counties starting off at a relatively low GDP per capita level, no significant economic convergence was observed during the period 1979-2005. Net migration rate didn’t show to have a significant impact on the rate of convergence. Population density has a double effect on the economic growth and can partly account for the change in the rate of convergence in the latter economic development period.

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SILVA, MARY LUCIA DA. "THE GROWTH PATTERN COMPARISON THROUGH SERIES OF RECENT AND HISTORICAL CAMPOS DO JORDÃO ARAUCARIA ANGUSTIFOLIANULLS ANNUAL RINGS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2003. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=4178@1.

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CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO
Desde a revolução industrial a concentração de CO2 atmosférico vem aumentando, passando de 290 ppm (em 1850) para cerca de 370 ppm, na atualidade. O objetivo desta tese foi pesquisar as possíveis mudanças ocorridas no comportamento do crescimento de árvores, as quais podem ter sido causadas pelo aumento do teor desse gás. A espécie escolhida foi a da Araucaria angustifolia, do Horto Florestal de Campos do Jordão, SP, pois forma anéis de crescimento anual bem definidos. Na avaliação de uma série de anéis verifica-se uma acentuada variação na distribuição ao longo dos anos, impossibilitando a observação de uma mudança, no comportamento da taxa de crescimento radial de um determinado período do vegetal. Para resolver esse problema é necessário aplicar uma aproximação na análise da série de anéis. Dessa maneira, a solução foi considerar a relação entre o raio e o número de cada anel e, então, obter uma curva suavizada, que pode ser descrita por dois parâmetros, a e b, derivados a partir do melhor ajuste para os dados avaliados dos pares [R(N); N], com um fator de correlação, 0,99 menor ou iqual r2 menor ou iqual 0,999. Estes dois parâmetros, juntamente com o conhecimento do número de anéis (ou pelo menos o número do anel mais externo, nesse caso, a idade da árvore) descrevem muito bem quantitativamente o comportamento do crescimento radial da Araucaria. Com os valores obtidos da avaliação foi possível comparar e verificar as diferenças apresentadas entre as árvores antigas, crescidas nos séculos XVI, XVII e XVIII com as árvores recentes (entre 35 a 70 anos). Os grupos se desenvolveram sob condições ambientais variadas, fato que exclui qualquer possibilidade de condições especiais de crescimento. Essas diferenças podem ser descritas quantitativamente pelo valor do parâmetro b, o qual apresentou para todas as árvores velhas b menor ou iqual 0,5, enquanto que nas recentes b ~= 1,0. Isso significa que, na média, cada anel nas árvores velhas é muito menor que o anterior e que, nas árvores recentes eles têm a mesma largura. Esse último comportamento induz à conclusão de que o crescimento radial das árvores recentes é superior ao das árvores de tempos anteriores. Contudo, isso não foi verificado quando os raios dos anéis de números 30, 38 e 50 foram comparados. Mas, extrapolando-se a taxa de crescimento das árvores recentes será superior a das árvores de séculos anteriores. Um fato interessante foi o da análise das árvores germinadas em torno de 1850 e que ainda estão vivas. Sua série de anéis foi avaliada em intervalos de 10 em 10 anos e, o valor de b foi progressivo, aumentando de 0,5 a 1,0 nos últimos 80 anos ou mais. Esses resultados demonstram suficientemente que durante esse período um fator ambiental causou essas mudanças e, quanto à sua natureza, confrontando-se com outras possibilidades, é possível atribuí-la ao aumento no teor do CO2 atmosférico.
The objective of this thesis was to search for changes in the growth behavior of plants that may have been caused by the dramatic increase in atmospheric CO2 from about 290 ppm in pre-industrial times (before 1850) to actually 370 ppm. As an excellent candidate for this purpose turned out to be Araucaria angustifolia, a tree that forms annual growth rings and exists in big numbers in the State Park in Campos do Jordao, in the State of Sao Paulo, Brasil. To detect any possible change in the rate of radial stem growth over decades needed a new approach to the analysis of the tree ring series. This was the first problem to be solved for this thesis, and the solution was, to consider the relationship between the radius and the number of each ring. This gives a very smooth curve that can well be described by a two parameter function with correlation factors normally in the range of 0,99 less or equal r2 less or equal 0,999. The two parameters, a and b, are derived from the best fit to the measured data pairs [R(N),N], where N is the ring number and R its radius. These two parameters, together with the knowledge of the ring numbers (or at least the number of the outermost ring, i.e. the age of the tree) are describing completely and in a quantitative way the radial growth behavior of an Araucaria. With these numbers, derived from all analysed trees, it was possible to detect and describe in a quantitative way differences in the growth behavior. There was one group six trees available that grew in the 16th, 17th and 18th century. The other group were 28 recent trees, i.e. trees of actually 35-70 years. It was assured that the trees forming each group was the product of special growth conditions. The detected differences are quantitatively described by the value of the parameter b that had in all old trees a value around 0.5 or less, while in the recent trees it is close to 1.0. This difference means: in the old trees, each ring is, on the average, smaller than the one before; while in all recent trees, all rings have, on the average, the same width. This last behavior leads to the conclusion that the radial stem growth of recent trees is superior to that of trees that grew in former times. This was not found in a statistically significant way when comparing the radii of corresponding rings, as e.g. of the 30th, 38th, or 50th ring. The differences are still too small. However, when extrapolating the observed growth curves, the growth rate of recent trees will be superior to that of trees that grew in former centuries considerably. Most interesting was the analysis of trees that germinated around 1850 and are still alive. Their ring series were analysed in intervals of 10 to 10 rings and thus it could be seen that the value of b grew steadily from around 0.5 to around 1.0 during the last 80 years or so. From these results it is evident that the environmental factor that caused this change (whatever it might have been) developed during this period with, as it seems, an increasing intensity. About the nature of this factor we can only speculate. We finally believe, after checking and eliminating other possibilities (like changes in weather conditions or unintended fertilization from industrial emissions) that the change in atmospheric CO2 was, directly or indirectly, responsible.

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Muhl, Sara. "The patch-scale distribution pattern of Stipa capensis and its affect on annual plant diversity and growth." Thesis, University of Cape Town, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/23933.

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Zhang, Qian. "Spatial-Temporal Patterns of Urban Growth in Shanghai, China: Monitoring, Analysis, and Simulation." Licentiate thesis, Geoinformatics Division, Department of Urban Planning and Environment, ABE, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-11868.

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Supporting huge population, megacities are definitely the hot spots of production, consumption, and waste generation. Without careful investment and planning, megacities will be overwhelmed by burgeoning negative impacts on the environment, natural resources, and human health, as well as a host of social and economic issues. The unprecedented combination of economic and population growth since the Reform and Open Policy has led China into transition from a largely rural society to a predominantly urban one. Chinese cities, without question, have not escaped the danger of the series of problems during the rapid progress of urbanization. Therefore, monitoring the spatial-temporal patterns of urban sprawl and their impact on the environment is of critical importance for urban planning and sustainable development, especially in developing Chinese cities such as Shanghai.

To date, few studies have focused on the urban trajectories of Shanghai over the past 30 years from a remote sensing perspective. Most of the studies were concentrated on the technical issues of image processing and classification. Moreover, research on spatial metrics has focused on analyzing remote sensing classification results rather than on the use of interpreting, assessing, and verifying urban simulation results. Furthermore, many researches merely focused on baseline projection and very few studies took into consideration urban growth scenarios so far. As yet there have been no reported scenario simulations of future Shanghai growth with several land-use categories within urban areas.

The overall objective of this research is to investigate the integration of remote sensing, spatial metrics, and spatial-temporal models in the monitoring, analysis, and simulation of urban growth in Shanghai, China. The specific objectives are to: 1). monitor urban dynamics over time with multi-sensor remote sensing images; 2). quantify spatial-temporal properties of urban growth and representing the urban morphological structures by means of spatial metrics; and 3). simulate the geographic extent, patterns, and detailed catalogs of urban growth under different scenarios using Markov-Cellular Automata (Markov-CA) model to support decision making for a more sustainable Shanghai.

Through this study, the combined approach using remotely sensed data with change detection techniques, spatial metrics, and a scenarios-based simulation model proved to be effective to understand, represent, and predict the spatial-temporal dynamics of urban growth. In detail, the segmented-based hierarchy classification and visual interpretation were effective methods to extract urban and industrial land with high-resolution remotely sensed images. Direct change detection using variables derived from tasseled cap transformation was efficient for monitoring impervious surface sprawl. Spatial metrics is a quick and executable way to assessing the impact of urban sprawl on landscape dynamic. Markov-CA model is a useful tool to simulate the scenarios of future urban developments and therefore provides the policy options for sustainable urban planning.

The research results of urban trajectories and impervious surface sprawl showed that Shanghai experienced high-speed urban sprawl and the rate of urban expansion, however, was not homogeneous spatially and temporally. The general annual urban expansion speed was 34.8 km² per year; nevertheless, it reached 80.2 km² per year recent six years from 2001 to 2007, while it touched the bottom speed around 14.3 km² per year during 1979-1989. The expanded area in the Puxi region was 5.23 times of its original area while that of Pudong region was 19.94 times of its original area during 1979-2007. The research results of landscape analysis demonstrated that greenbelt becomes fractured while infrastructural and commercial area is more and more aggregated in the central Shanghai area, and satellite images such as SPOT Pan, XS and Landsat TM with 10-30 meter resolution are sufficient for the landscape dynamic research in central Shanghai area. The results of scenarios-based simulation indicated that built-up areas in Shanghai will increase significantly in 2025 and Shanghai will experience less urban sprawl and retain a better environment in 2025 under service-oriented center (SOC) than under baseline (NS) or manufacturing-dominant center (MDC) scenario. If favorable policy for MDC scenario is adopted, however, there will be a lot of manufacturing industries gathering in Shanghai and more agricultural lands will be encroached.

The present research focused on the analysis of physical and morphological aspects of urban growth. Urban land-use dynamics are, however, intrinsically linked with socio-economic, political, or demographic drivers. Trying to fill in the missing link between traditional urban geography and urban remote sensing & urban simulation and to improve understanding of the interactions between human and natural aspects in the urban socio-ecosystem is the major focus in the next phase of the Ph.D. research.

Keywords: Urban growth, Spatial-temporal pattern, Remote sensing, Spatial metrics, Scenarios-based simulation, Shanghai

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Attia, Abdel-Hameed M. (Abdel-Hameed Mohammed). "Application of Information Theory Concepts in the Investigation of the Growth Pattern of Production, Distribution and Velocity of Information." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1987. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331792/.

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The objective of this research is the investigation of the patterns of information growth to test whether there has been an "information explosion." To tackle the main problem, there are three issues which need to be addressed: (1) the concept of information dimensionality; (2) determination of common parameters to measure the amount of information within each dimension; and (3) a working definition of "explosiveness. "

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Koca, Feray. "Urban Growth And Conservation Problematic In Mugla, Karabaglar." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12604706/index.pdf.

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Karabaglar is a rural area where agricultural community lives and which locates in the vicinity of Mugla town. It was registered as third grade natural site that must be preserved according to its rural character, natural and cultural assets and rural life. Property pattern consisting of private ownerships (yurts), specific road network that emerges from irims and kesiks, traditional houses, variety of vegetation, abundant water, self-sufficient agricultural production, and traditional life style are the main features that create and shape Karabaglar. Kesiks, irims, kabaliks, and yurts are the major man-made components, which are unique to Karabaglar, and these characteristics conform to the natural landscape structure. Urban growth, interventions due to misuse of lands, new housing demands of urban residents in Karabaglar resulted in urban pressure on the area. This situation puts forth the conservation necessity of Karabaglar. This research analyzes the speculative housing development in Karabaglar, identifies the type of interventions and their physical, social, economic and environmental effects on Karabaglar
in addition, develops proposals for sustainability of the traditional pattern of Karabaglar.

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Numazawa, Satoshi [Verfasser], Wolfhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Möller, and Roger [Akademischer Betreuer] Smith. "Modeling of metal nanocluster growth on patterned substrates and surface pattern formation under ion bombardment / Satoshi Numazawa. Gutachter: Wolfhard Möller ; Roger Smith. Betreuer: Wolfhard Möller." Dresden : Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1068443286/34.

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YAMAMOTO, Shin-Ichi, 進一山本, Kohichi IKEGAMI, 康一池上, Tohru TAJIMI, and 暢. 但見. "Gap disturbance regime and tree replacement pattern in a coastal old-growth evergreen broad-leaved forest, southwestern Japan." 名古屋大学農学部付属演習林, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/8504.

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Rampton, Travis Michael. "Deformation Twin Nucleation and Growth Characterization in Magnesium Alloys Using Novel EBSD Pattern Analysis and Machine Learning Tools." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2015. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4451.

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Deformation twinning in Magnesium alloys both facilitates slip and forms sites for failure. Currently, basic studies of twinning in Mg are facilitated by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) which is able to extract a myriad of information relating to crystalline microstructures. Although much information is available via EBSD, various problems relating to deformation twinning have not been solved. This dissertation provides new insights into deformation twinning in Mg alloys, with particular focus on AZ31. These insights were gained through the development of new EBSD and related machine learning tools that extract more information beyond what is currently accessed.The first tool relating to characterization of deformed and twinned materials focuses on surface topography crack detection. The intensity map across EBSD images contains vital information that can be used to detect evolution of surface roughness and crack formation, which typically occurs at twin boundaries. The method of topography recovery resulted in reconstruction errors as low as 2% over a 500 Î¼m length. The method was then applied to a 3 Î¼m x 3 Î¼m area of twinned Tantalum which experienced topographic alterations. The topography of Ta correlated with other measured changes in the microstructure. Additionally, EBSD images were used to identify the presence of cracks in Nickel microstructures. Several cracks were identified on the Ni specimen, demonstrating that cracks as thin as 34 nm could be measured.A further EBSD based tool developed for this study was used to identify thin compression twins in Mg; these are often missed in a traditional EBSD scan due to their size relative to the electron probe. This tool takes advantage of crystallographic relationships that exist between parent and twinned grains; common planes that exist in both grains lead to bands of consistent intensity as a scan crosses a twin. Hence, twin boundaries in a microstructure can be recognized, even when they are associated with thin twins. Proof of concept was performed on known twins in Inconel 600, Tantalum, and Magnesium AZ31. This method was then used to search for undetected twins in a Mg AZ31 structure, revealing nearly double the number of twins compared with those initially measured by standard procedures.To uncover the driving forces behind deformation twinning in Mg, a machine learning framework was developed to leverage all of the data available from EBSD and use that to create a physics based models of twin nucleation and growth. The resultant models for nucleation and growth were measured to be up to 86.5% and 96.1% accurate respectively. Each model revealed a unique combination of crystallographic attributes that affected twinning in the AZ31.

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Neumann, Carl Joachim. "The role of the wingless gene in the control of growth and pattern formation during Drosophila wing development." Thesis, Open University, 1997. http://oro.open.ac.uk/57708/.

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Recent work on Drosophila limb development has indicated that short-range interactions between distinctly specified populations of cells (compartments) establish organizing centers at compartment boundaries. These organizing centers direct pattern formation and growth in the developing limbs. In the Drosophila wing imaginal disc, there are at least two such organizing centers, located at the anterior/posterior (A/P) and dorsal/ventral (D/V) compartment boundaries. The genetic hierarchies which establish these organizers are starting to be understood, and it also appears that the key mediators of some of the organizers have been identified. Thus Decapentaplegic (Dpp, a secreted signalling molecule of the TGF-B family) is the mediator of the A/P organizer, while Wingless (DWnt-l, a secreted molecule of the Wnt family) is a key mediator of the D/V organizer. In this thesis, several aspects of Wingless function in the wing imaginal disc are examined. Two regulatory mutations, spadeflag (spdfg) and Sternopleural (Sp), that affect Wingless expression in the wing imaginal disc are characterized. The analysis of the mutation spdfg, together with other data, identifies a role of Wingless as a localized mitogen in the developing wing hinge, and also indicates that cells in different regions of the wing disc respond very differently to the Wingless signal. The mutations spdfg and Sp are also among the tools used to examine the position of Wingless in the genetic hierarchy that establishes and mediates the activity of the D/V organizer. These experiments extend the evidence suggesting that Wingless mediates both short-range and long-range effects of the D/V organizer. Wg does so by controlling the expression domains of different target genes, including the acheate-scute genes, Distal-less and vestigial. Finally, the mechanism by which Wingless mediates the activity of the D/V organizer is examined. The results obtained suggest that Wingless functions as a long-range morphogen.

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McDonald, Hannah Beth. "Tree Growth and Spatial Pattern in Two Forest Park Permanent Plots: A Look at Stand Composition and Condition." PDXScholar, 2011. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/313.

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In June of 2010, two permanent research plots were established in Forest Park, based on their differing proximities to downtown Portland, Oregon. As part of a long-term ecological research project that seeks to explore the ecological status and human thumbprint on this 5,100 acre forested reserve, the 2010 tree data was investigated for emergent compositional and spatial patterns. Stand composition, tree size, growth rates, and spatial patterns were analyzed, along with ecological and land use histories. Results indicate that the Balch plot, more closely located to the urban center, has different stand composition, condition, and vegetation growth rates, compared to the more rural Miller site. This study supports findings from a study done by Broshot in 2009, where more urban plots demonstrate a different stand composition and recruitment pattern than rural sites. The study is an initial step for exploring questions regarding the ecological status of Forest Park and how land use and disturbance, past and present, shape Portland's forested reserve.

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Varadarajan, Bhadri Narayanan. "MICROMECHANICS OF DEBOND GROWTH AND INTERFACIAL WEAR UNDER FATIGUE LOADING IN A TRANSPARENT CERAMIC COMPOSITE." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2000. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin975352464.

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Amin, Mira. "Mechanism of Vein Pattern Formation in Arabidopsis Thaliana Leaves: testing the Canalization Hypothesis." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20169.

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Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the process of vein pattern formation in plant tissues. The most widely accepted amongst biologists is the canalization hypothesis, derived from pea root and stem experiments. According to this hypothesis, a signal, thought to be the phytohormone auxin, is transported polarly from cell to cell from the shoot to the root and is canalized progressively into narrow channels of high auxin fluxes that later differentiate to become vascular tissue. In this project, we set out to test whether auxin canalization drives vein pattern formation, using Arabidopsis thaliana mutants with increased auxin transport (max4-1, max3-9, max2-1 and max1-1). We predicted that the mutants would have distinct vein patterns and especially different angles between the primary and secondary veins, compared to the wild type. First rosette leaves of 15 plants per genotype were harvested for analysis each day from 7 to 17 days after sowing, giving a total of eight hundred twenty-five leaf samples to analyze. Venation patterns were extracted and analyzed using custom-made software written with Matlab. Overall, compared with the wild type, mutants with the highest auxin transport (max4-1 and max3-9) had different vein patterns at early developmental stages, confirming a role for auxin transport in vein patterning. However, veins of mutants and wild type connected at similar angles, which is not consistent with the auxin canalization hypothesis, as originally formulated.

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MUKHERJI, ABHISHEK. "SNIF TOOL - Sniffing for Patterns in Continuous Streams." Digital WPI, 2008. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/161.

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Recent technological advances in sensor networks and mobile devices give rise to new challenges in processing of live streams. In particular, time-series sequence matching, namely, the similarity matching of live streams against a set of predefined pattern sequence queries, is an important technology for a broad range of domains that include monitoring the spread of hazardous waste and administering network traffic. In this thesis, I use the time critical application of monitoring of fire growth in an intelligent building as my motivating example. Various measures and algorithms have been established in the current literature for similarity of static time-series data. Matching continuous data poses the following new challenges: 1) fluctuations in stream characteristics, 2) real-time requirements of the application, 3) limited system resources, and, 4) noisy data. Thus the matching techniques proposed for static time-series are mostly not applicable for live stream matching. In this thesis, I propose a new generic framework, henceforth referred to as the n-Snippet Indices Framework (in short, SNIF), for discovering the similarity between a live stream and pattern sequences. The framework is composed of two key phases: (1.) Off-line preprocessing phase: where the pattern sequences are processed offline and stored into an approximate 2-level index structure; and (2.) On-line live stream matching phase: streaming time-series (or the live stream) is on-the-fly matched against the indexed pattern sequences. I introduce the concept of n-Snippets for numeric data as the unit for matching. The insight is to match small snippets of the live stream against prefixes of the patterns and maintain them in succession. Longer the pattern prefixes identified to be similar to the live stream, better the confirmation of the match. Thus, the live stream matching is performed in two levels of matching: bag matching for matching snippets and order checking for maintaining the lengths of the match. I propose four variations of matching algorithms that allow the user the capability to choose between the two conflicting characteristics of result accuracy versus response time. The effectiveness of SNIF to detect patterns has been thoroughly tested through extensive experimental evaluations using the continuous query engine CAPE as platform. The evaluations made use of real datasets from multiple domains, including fire monitoring, chlorine monitoring and sensor networks. Moreover, SNIF is demonstrated to be tolerant to noisy datasets.

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Roman-Gonzalez, Alejandro. "Investigation of shallow marine Antarctic environments using the annual increment growth pattern of the bivalve mollusc, Aequiyoldia eightsii (Jay, 1839)." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2017. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/117059/.

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The research presented here constitutes the latest advances in the use of the Antarctic bivalve mollusc Aequiyoldia eightsii as a sclerochronological proxy for Antarctic coastal waters. A. eightsii has the potential to provide annually-resolved records for the Antarctic shallow waters beyond the beginning of the instrumental record. A comprehensive study of A. eightsii shell growth was carried out, which highlighted two ontogenetic trends: i) negative exponential and ii) a quasi-cyclic trend of a period of nine years, which may relate to allocation of energetic resources. Using crossmatching techniques, four chronologies from adjacent locations near Rothera Station (West Antarctic Peninsula, WAP) and an additional chronology from historical samples collected near Signy Station (South Orkney Islands, SOIs) were developed. Additionally further work on a pre-existing chronology from the SOIs is presented. Instrumental records and climatic indices were analysed to determine environmental variability and the factors controlling shell growth. Seawater temperature and fast-ice duration seem to be the main environmental drivers of A. eightsii shell growth. Shell growth of South Cove (WAP) specimens seem to better reflect to environmental conditions recorded in the Rothera Biological Time Series. Stable oxygen and carbon isotope (δ18O and δ13C) records were developed from shell carbonate material; these showed sub- and inter-annual variability and all specimens showed similar trends in δ18Oshell and δ13Cshell, with the exception of a deep-collected specimen of the SOIs, which showed much reduced interannual variability and a stronger δ13Cshell negative trend with ontogenetic age. Additionally, stable isotope fractionation depending anatomical part of the shell (anterior, ventral and posterior) was studied, which showed intra-increment variability in δ18Oshell and δ13Cshell. The present work constitutes a comprehensive calibration of A. eightsii as a sclerochronological proxy for Antarctic shallow coastal waters, which will help to expand our understanding of climate trends in the region.

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Formosa, Jordan Pau. "Pattern formation through lateral inhibition mediated by Notch signaling." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/116495.

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Multicellular organisms are constituted by different kinds of cells which are arranged in a particular way, forming tissues with specific functions. The organization of these different cells can give rise to regular spatiotemporal patterns. In this Thesis we evaluate from a theoretical perspective the effects of different regulatory elements of the Notch signaling pathway in lateral inhibition patterning. These new elements under study are motivated by recent experimental observations. For studying them, we reformulate a phenomenological model proposed by Collier and colleagues (1996). Our modeling approach is based on coupled ordinary differential equations in hexagonal and irregular bidimensional lattices. We use both deterministic and stochastic approaches. We analyze the pattern formation capabilities of our proposed models by using different analytical tools and integrate numerically our dynamical equations. We focus on four main topics. In the first topic we study how a neurogenic differentiation wavefront in the embryonic vertebrate retina depends on the state of the invaded tissue. Our results show that the properties (pattern formed, shape and velocity) of progressing fronts of lateral inhibition depend crucially on the presence of ligand ahead of the differentiation front. We find similar results in a planar growing wavefront that would mimic morphogenetic furrow progression in embryonic Drosophila eye. Hence, our results point to a mechanism for neurogenic front regulation, and to a potential new design principle. In the second topic, we study the effects of a diffusible ligand in the context of lateral inhibition. We show that the diffusible ligand per se combined with its inhibition by Notch is not able to generate a pattern. Our results indicate that diffusible ligand with the classical lateral inhibition circuit softens and destroys the lateral inhibition pattern. At intermediate diffusion rates, diffusion can help to create perfect patterns. The third topic focuses on the study of receptor-ligand interactions within the same cell, what is called cis-interactions. We study the effect of Notch signal-productive cis-interactions in combination with another signaling source in two different situations: (i) in a multicellular scenario, where the other signaling source would be provided by the trans-interactions, and (ii) in a single-cell scenario in which a basal ligand-independent signaling source would be provided. In both situations, we predict that cis-interactions can drive cis-inhibition - i.e. an effective depletion of the signal production rate - at weak cis-signaling rates when acting together with a stronger signaling source, e.g. trans-interactions or with a ligand-independent signaling source. Our work also shows that cis-inhibition in the single-cell system together with a basal signal production can drive bistability. In the multicellular case, we observe that by increasing the amount of cis-interactions in the cis-inhibition scenario the proportion of high-Delta fated cells in a tissue gradually increases. In the fourth topic we study the case of hair cell differentiation in the embryonic chick inner ear. In this context, Notch pathway operates in two opposite modes with two different ligands: first, lateral induction through Jag1 ligand and afterwards, lateral inhibition through Dl1 ligand. We predict that relative signaling rates (or strengths) by Jag1 and Dl1 when bound to Notch are critical for the transit of operating modes. Also, we predict that in the lateral inhibition stage, competition between Dl1 and Jag1 ligands arise. This competition introduces an extra intercellular mutual inhibitory feedback loop, contributing to lateral inhibition. Overall, this Thesis presents new theoretical results and predictions on pattern formation in the context of lateral inhibition mediated by Notch signaling.
Els organismes multicel·lulars estan constituïts per diferents tipus cel·lulars ordenats d’una certa manera, formant teixits amb funcions específiques. L’organització de cèl·lules de tipus diferents pot donar lloc a patrons espacio-temporals Aquesta Tesi es basa en l’estudi de com a partir d’un teixit de cèl·lules equivalents — estat homogeni precursor — s’estableixen patrons ordenats de tipus cel·lulars diferents. En particular, ens hem centrat en l’estudi d’un tipus de patrons que sorgeixen en teixits animals que tenen dos tipus cel·lulars i que presenten un ordre fi en el teixit, i.e. de longitud d’ona de poques cèl·lules. Aquest tipus de patrons són formats degut al efecte de la inhibició lateral. La inhibició lateral és un fenomen en el qual cèl·lules precursores equivalents intenten adoptar un cert estat o destí cel·lular per a diferenciar-se en un tipus cel·lular en particular, i al mateix temps inhibeixen a les seves cèl·lules veïnes que adquireixin aquest mateix estat. Aquest procés dinàmic dóna lloc a un patró fi, on les cèl·lules que han finalment adoptat l’estat desitjat vénen rodejades per cèl·lules que són inhibides, i que acabaran diferenciant-se en un tipus cel·lular diferent. Aquest tipus de patró es troba en una àmplia varietat de teixits animals, com ara en la retina ,i en l’oïda interna de vertebrats, i en l’ull de la mosca Drosophila.

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Constantine, Sherry Lynette. "The Influence of Habitat Quality on the Community Structure, Distribution Pattern, Condition, and Growth of Coral Reef Fish: A Case Study of Grunts (Haemulidae) from Antigua B.W.I, A Small Island System." Scholarly Repository, 2008. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/136.

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The goal of this research was to determine the relative quality of near shore marine areas by investigating their influence on Haemulidae community structure, distribution pattern, condition, and growth. Habitat was defined at the small spatial scale of individual habitat types such as seagrass beds, mangroves and coral reefs, and at the broader spatial scale of the interconnection of these individual habitat types within a mosaic (IHM). Ten spatial, biotic and abiotic parameters (percentage coverage of sand, mangroves, hard substrate, and seagrass, turbidity, pH, salinity, temperature, average depth, and predator density) were investigated. These environmental characteristics acted as proxies for the quality of IHMs. The major findings of the research were: (1) IHMs and discrete habitat types in tropical marine systems are not always equal in quality. Further, the highest quality IHMs/discrete habitat types have the critical resources whether spatial, abiotic or biotic, at the optimum levels needed by organisms to carry out their critical life functions; (2) IHMs of the highest quality contain all the discrete habitat types needed by organisms to carry out their life processes in a spatial arrangement that maximizes energy savings; (3) IHMs can be of high quality in the absence of one habitat type, if this habitat type is replaced by another that can take on its ecological role; and (4) the percentage cover of hard substratum and seagrass, temperature, and predator density have a big impact on Haemulidae distribution pattern, community structure, condition and growth. In addition, this research highlighted some of many characteristics of benthic habitats such as type and configuration that should be included in the design of Marine Protected Areas for the effective management of fisheries resources. Effective Marine Protected Areas should have (1) large overall area with benthic habitat types of high quality; (2) spatial configurations with short distances (corridors) between habitat types; (3) spatial arrangements that place all individual habitat types in connection with all other habitat types so that energy expenditure in moving among habitat types is reduced; (4) habitats with high structural complexity; and (5) the inclusion of all the habitat types needed by focal organisms to carry out their life processes, or surrogate habitat types that can take on the role of ones that are absent.

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Davies, Nicholas Tuatahi. "Reverse Engineering the Tree." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Forestry, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9600.

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The aim of this thesis was to investigate the typical radial pattern of density and microfibril angle within Pinus radiata with respect to structural stability. In order to investigate changes in mechanical stability with different radial patterns, first experimental work was carried out in order to obtain elastic constants, Poisson ratios and limits of proportionality for green corewood and outerwood, these values, a discussion on their accuracy and the implications of the values are included along with a comparison to previous literature. These constants were used to parametrise a finite element model of a tree stem with different radial patterns, including patterns not observed in nature, wind loadings were applied to the stem and failure evaluated. It was found that patterns consisting of high density stiff wood and/or low density high flexibility wood could withstand the greatest wind speeds for a given stem and canopy, while high density flexible and low density stiff profiles generally performed poorly. The analysis was considered at ages 5, 10 and 15 years, each providing similar results. Why these profiles perform best, what errors need to be considered, and other evolutionary pressures which could narrow this list of profiles were discussed. The need for further research, and the directions for this research are suggested.

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Liesner, Meike Malena. "Growth hacking patterns : creating a pattern taxonomy for venture growth." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/26989.

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Growth hacking is intended to be the compelling answer to the increasing need of companies for rapid and affordable growth solutions. These solutions interfere with at least one dimension of a business model. As a tool to systematically support business model innovation, patterns became increasingly well-known and appreciated. They are defined as proven solutions to re-occurring problems. In spite of the high demand for growth solutions and the existence of best practices in this field, a structured overview of growth hacking patterns was missing. Thus, this dissertation was aimed at creating a useful taxonomy for growth hacking patterns valuable to both academia and prac-tice. By means of an extensive literature review and an explorative approach, growth hacking pat-terns were identified and described in a standardized way using the Alexandrian form. Deduc-tively testing them, a modified-Delphi card sorting proposed by Paul (2008) was conducted. Explicitly, two seed participants and 12 additional experts in the broader field of growth hacking participated in a successive card sorting targeted at the arrangement of the identified patterns into meaningful groups. After three rounds, a consensus opinion was achieved among all 34 patterns allocated to five groups based on the customer lifecycle stages. The resulting taxonomy could be used by both scholars and practitioners across various indus-tries as it facilitates the understanding and fosters creativity due to its inspiring, informative but also generic character.
Growth hacking pretende ser a resposta para a crescente necessidade das empresas de ter soluções de crescimento rápidas e acessíveis. Estas soluções interferem com pelo menos uma dimensão de um certo modelo de negócios. Como uma ferramenta para apoiar sistematicamente a inovação do modelo de negócios, os padrões tornaram-se cada vez mais conhecidos e apreciados. Eles são definidos como soluções comprovadas para problemas recorrentes. Apesar da alta procura por soluções de crescimento e da existência de melhores práticas neste campo, uma visão geral estruturada dos padrões de growth hacking está em falta. Assim, esta dissertação tem como objetivo a criação de uma taxonomia útil para os padrões de growth hacking, relevantes tanto a nível académico como profissional. Por meio de uma extensa revisão de literatura e uma abordagem exploratória, os padrões de growth hacking foram identificados e descritos de forma padronizada usando a forma Alexandrina. Uma classificação de cartão Delphi modificada proposta por Paul (2008) foi conduzida. Explicitamente, dois participantes iniciais e 12 especialistas adicionais participaram numa ordenação sucessiva de cartões visando a organização dos padrões identificados em grupos significativos. Após três rondas, foi obtida uma opinião consensual entre todos os 34 padrões alocados em cinco grupos com base nos estágios do ciclo de vida do cliente. A taxonomia padrão resultante poderá ser usada tanto por académicos como por profissionais de diversos setores, pois facilita o entendimento e estimula a criatividade devido ao seu caráter inspirador, informativo, mas também genérico.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Growth pattern'

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