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1
TCV, Do, and Scherer HW. "Compost as growing media component for salt-sensitive plants." Plant, Soil and Environment 59, No. 5 (April 22, 2013): 214–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/804/2012-pse.
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Composting has been considerably recognized as a viable management method for solid organic wastes aimed at recycling of its end-product as a potting substrate for ornamental plants. Pelargonium and Salvia as salt-sensitive plants were grown in the mixture of compost (75, 50, 25% by volume) and additives (Hygromull, Cocofiber and SPS-standard soil type 73 with 70% peat and 30% clay). Since plants may suffer from a high salt content, thus in a further experiment compost was added as a partial substitute for peat. The results of the first pot experiment reveal that the large percentage of compost in the substrate had negative effects on plant growth and nutrient uptake (N, P, K and Na). Both yield formation and nutrient uptake significantly increased and almost gained levels of those in the control in the second pot experiment when plants were grown in peat-based substrates. Especially, the growth of Salvia was significantly improved. Consequently, the compost-based media (> 50% volume of compost) cannot be recommended for salt sensitive ornamental plants, while less than 25% of compost incorporated into peat creates peat-based substrates which reasonably enhanced growth of Pelargonium and Salvia.
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Wilson, Mack A., Victor A. Khan, and Clauzell Stevens. "GREENHOUSE SOLARIZATION OF RECYCLABLE MEDIA FOR GROWING MARIGOLDS." HortScience 31, no. 5 (September 1996): 753c—753. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.5.753c.
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An experiment was conducted to determine the influence of manure and fertilizer, with and without solarization, on the growth of marigolds. Average plant height was significantly greater in media that was solarized and covered with a plastic film to retain heat. Leaf length was significantly greater in amended media with fertilizer application. Plants grown in covered media produced significantly more flower buds than those grown in noncovered media, while flower numbers were significantly greater for fertilized plants. Plant fresh and dry weights were significantly affected by covering the media during solarization and the application of fertilizer. Media amended with manure significantly affected plant fresh weight only. Flower size showed significant interactions between all factors evaluated in this study.
3
Harbaugh, Brent K. "EUSTOMA GRANDIFLORUM RESPONSE TO pH OF GROWING MEDIA." HortScience 25, no. 9 (September 1990): 1107a—1107. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1107a.
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Symptoms of foliar chlorosis or bleaching, interveinal chlorosis of lower leaves, leaf edge and tip necrosis, stunted growth and delayed flowering of Eustoma increased as pH decreased below 6.5 in various peat-vermiculite based media for all cultivars tested. Symptoms were evident with or without microelement amendments in the media or fertilizer. A 5×5 factorial with pH of media and fertilizer solutions ranging from 5.1 to 7.5 indicated fertilizer pH did not negate plant response to low media pH. Leaf tissue levels of Zn were elevated at low media pH and negatively correlated to plant growth and flowering characteristics, while imbalances in tissue levels of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu and B appeared to be less important. Symptomatic plants grown in media with a pH from 5.0 to 5.8 had tissue levels of Zn ranging from 200 to 1200 ppm, and plants without symptoms in media with a higher pH had leaf tissue levels from 40 to 100 ppm Zn.
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Xynias, Ioannis, Antonios Koufalis, Evdokia Gouli-Vavdinoudi, and Demetrios Roupakias. "Factors Affecting Doubled Haploid Plant Production Via Maize Technique in Bread Wheat." Acta Biologica Cracoviensia s. Botanica 56, no. 2 (March 1, 2015): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/abcsb-2014-0022.
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Abstract The effect of two in planta factors (growth conditions, genotype) and two in vitro factors (time of embryo rescue, embryo rescue medium) on doubled haploid (DH) plant production in bread wheat via maize technique was investigated in nine F1 hybrids produced after crossing four bread wheat cultivars. During the first year one group of F1 plants was grown in a field and at the proper stage pollinated with maize pollen (sweet corn popu-lation). In parallel, a second group of F1 plants was grown in a growth chamber and pollinated as in the former group. In the second growing season the experiment was repeated but only field-grown plants were used. All the produced haploid embryos were cultured in three different media and the resulting 146 haploid plants were sub-sequently treated with aqueous solution of colchicine. Finally, 86 doubled haploid plants were obtained. We noted that the growing conditions of the parental plants and the intervening time between day of pollination and day of embryo rescue influenced the percentage of haploid embryo production. Culture medium also influenced haploid and doubled haploid plant production. The two media (MS/2, B5) were found equally effective. Most of the haploid embryos originated from the Penios × Acheloos cross, whereas most of the doubled haploid plants were produced from the KVZ × Penios cross. Doubled haploid plants were produced from all crosses.
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Faradilla, Faradilla, Sulfianto Alias, and Arini Rajab. "Adaptation of Murbei Plant of Cultures in Vitro of Peat Soil." Journal of Wetlands Environmental Management 6, no. 1 (February 13, 2019): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jwem.v6i1.174.
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<pre><span>Silk Sarong Samarinda is a sarong typical samarinda made using imported silk thread from China. Quality mulberry plants are needed to support the cultivation of silkworms (sericulture). Quality mulberry plants are obtained by in vitro propagation techniques. The success of in vitro culture needs to be supported also by the growth medium suitable for acclimatization stage and plantlet growth. As the medium grows peat has several advantages that are light, water-binding power and high air, porous and can create a good environment for the development of plant roots. Acclimatization by using peat media done in glass house. This research uses Completely Randomized Design (RAL) method with 5 (five) kinds of growing media combined with manure, compost and charcoal husk and without fertilization as control. Peat soil media successfully used for the growth of mulberry acclimation. Of the 5 (five) growing media attempted, the best growth of mulberry plants is on peat-growing medium: manure: charcoal husk (1: 1: 1) until 12 weeks after planting (MST) the addition of the number of shoots, the addition of the number of leaves as well as to the growth of plant height where at that height mulberry plants ready to be planted in the field.</span></pre>
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Cardoso, Guillermo, Roger Kjelgren, Teresa Cerny-Koenig, and Rich Koenig. "(61) Pot-in-pot Production of Intermountain West Native Herbaceous Perennials." HortScience 40, no. 4 (July 2005): 997D—997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.4.997d.
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Low water landscapes are increasing popular and important in the urban areas of the Intermountain West (IMW). Perennial wildflowers are an essential part of low water landscapes, and are a dominant plant type in IMW native habitats. We compared pot-in-pot (PIP) vs. conventional above-ground (CAG) production of six IMW native wildflower species, Mirabilismultiflora, Aquilegia caerulea, Penstemon palmeri, Polemonium foliosissimum, Sphaeralcea grossularifolia, and Penstemonstrictus in #1 (4-L) containers. Media temperature, container-plant water loss, stomatal conductance, and growth were measured during two production cycles per year over 2 years. Growing medium temperatures in the PIP system averaged 10 °C cooler than in the CAG system. Consistent with cooler growing media, overall water loss of PIP-grown plants averaged 10% lower than plants grown in the CAG production system. Lower growing media temperatures apparently affected transpiration, as stomatal conductance was about 60% higher in the PIP system as compared to the CAG-grown plants. The integrated effect of lower growing media temperatures on plant performance resulted in about one-third greater top and root growth for plants growing in the PIP system compared to those in the CAG system. Pot-in-pot production may be an economically suitable nursery system for producing IMW native perennial wildflowers by reducing water loss and enhancing growth.
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Kumar, Ramesh. "Standardization of plant species and growing medium for vertical garden system: A new urban horticulture concept." Journal of Horticultural Sciences 13, no. 1 (June 30, 2018): 108–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.24154/jhs.2018.v13i01.013.
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Vertical gardens are becoming a common component in contemporary garden designs at urban living space because of shrinking land spaces. Successful growing of plants in vertical garden systems depends up on growing container, plants chosen, growing media, etc. Hence a study was carried out in the Department of Horticulture, Annamalai University, during the year 2013, with the objectives to study the influence of Coir pith, Stockosorb and Geohumus as components of growing media along with FYM, Vermicompost and Leaf mould compost on growth and performance of ornamental plants for establishment of vertical garden and to study the performance of ornamental plants Viz., Philodendron erubescens Cv. ‘Gold’, Chlorophytum comosum Cv. ‘Variegatum’ and Polyscias fruticosa plants in wooden containers for establishment of vertical garden. The experiment was laid out in Completely Randomized Design in wooden containers, with ten treatment combinations of various growing media mixtures comprising red soil, river sand as basic components in combination with organic manures (FYM, vermicompost, leaf mould compost, coir pith) and hydrogels (Stocksorb and Geohumus). The plant growth characters and ornamental value index were observed. Among the three ornamental plants used, Polyscias fruticosa and Philodendron erubescens are performed better as ornamental plants in vertical garden system with the growing media of Red soil : River sand : Vermicompost @ 1:1:1/2 + Stockosorb(25g).
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Compton, Michael, and Timothy Zauche. "Growth of Geranium Plants in Soilless Media Containing Sphagnum Peat and Anaerobic Digestion-Derived Biosolids." HortScience 41, no. 4 (July 2006): 979C—979. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.4.979c.
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Anaerobic digestion-derived biosolids (ADB) has the potential to become a complete or partial substitute for sphagnum peat in the greenhouse and nursery industry. Bedding plant production being one of the largest segments of the floriculture industry may possess the greatest application for this new organic addendum to soilless media. An experiment was conducted in which geraniums (Pelargonium ×hortorum `Red Elite') were grown in potting mixes formulated with vermiculite and perlite plus various concentrations and combination of anaerobic digestion-derived biosolids (ADB) and sphagnum peat to determine if ADB could be used as a partial or complete replacement for sphagnum peat in soilless horticultural growing media. Plants were grown during June and July 2003–05 in the greenhouse at 75 ± 5 °F and normal light and photoperiod. Plant growth was assessed by measuring the dry weight of stem tissue. Plants were harvested when at least 50% of the total number of plants produced at least one inflorescence. Floriferousness was measured by counting the number of visible inflorescences per plant. Dry weight of plants grown in media containing ADB was greater than those grown in media containing sphagnum peat as the sole organic addendum. Plants grown in media containing ADB were also more floriferous. This study demonstrates that ADB has great potential for use as an organic addendum to horticultural growing media as a partial or complete replacement for sphagnum peat. Use of anaerobic digester-derived biosolids in horticultural growing media is a protected intellectual property and available for license through the WiSys Technology Foundation.
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Prameswari, Wuri, Welly Herman, and Umi Salamah. "Growth of Long pepper (Piper rectofractum Vahl.) with Different Growing Media Composition." PENDIPA Journal of Science Education 5, no. 3 (March 28, 2021): 345–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.33369/pendipa.5.3.345-350.
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Long pepper (Piper retrofractum Vahl.) It is one of the potential medicinal plants in Indonesia. However, information related to the cultivation of this plant is still minimal. Therefore, research needs regarding the determination of suitable planting media for the growth of herbal chilies. This experiment used a complete randomized group design (RKLT) with one treatment factor for the composition of the growing media, namely soil, soil + sand (3: 1, v / v), soil + rice husk charcoal (3: 1, v/v), and soil + manure (3: 1, v / v). Each treatment repeats six times, and each consisted of 10 plants. Data analysis using a variance. The plant material used was in soil tendrils and polybags measuring 30 cm x 30 cm as a container. NPK + Mg inorganic fertilizer with an equivalent dose of 12: 12: 17: 2. The results of the experiment showed that the composition of the different growing media affected all observed variables. The use of soil planting medium + cow manure showed the best growth results of chili herbs for plant height, the number of leaves, root length, root and canopy wet weight, and root and canopy dry weight.
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Muslimah, Yuliatul, Sumeinika Fitria Lizmah, and Nur Fayanti. "Growth Response of Melati Plant Plant (Jasminum Sambac L.) Against Types of Media Plants and Types of Growing Agents." Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal 2, no. 2 (April 23, 2020): 188–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/birex.v2i2.893.
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Propagation of jasmine plants by cuttings often experience obstacles, especially to grow roots. Proper planting media and application of growth regulators (PGR) have an important role in the growth and development of plant cuttings roots. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of planting media types and PGR on the growth of jasmine cuttings. This research was conducted in the experimental garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, Teuku Umar University, in March - May 2019. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with a factorial pattern of 3x3 with three replications. The treatment factors studied were (1) the type of planting media consisted of 3 levels namely alluvial soil, sand and husk charcoal, and (2) the type of growth regulator (ZPT) consisted of 3 levels namely control (without zpt), chemical (growtone) and organic (shallot extract). F test results on the analysis of variance showed that the planting medium had a very significant effect on the number of shoots 35 and 45 HST, number of leaves 15, 35 and 45 HST number of roots, root length, percentage of live cuttings. But the planting media had no significant effect on the number of shoots of 15 DAP. Growth regulator substances have a very significant effect on the number of shoots 35 HST, number of leaves 15, 35 and 45 HST, number of roots and root length. Significantly affect the number of shoots 45 HST and percentage of live cuttings, but no significant effect on the number of shoots 15 HST. This shows that the difference in growth of jasmine plant cuttings due to different planting media does not depend on growth regulators, and vice versa.
11
Holcomb, E. Jay, and Paul N. Walker. "PLANT GROWTH IN COAL GASIFICATION SLAG-AMENDED MEDIA." HortScience 27, no. 6 (June 1992): 686a—686. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.6.686a.
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Coal gasification slag is an ash byproduct remaining after the volatization process. This material is currently under utilized. A series of experiments were conducted to determine the suitability of coal gasification slag as a growing medium or growing medium amendment. Chrysanthemums, lettuce, poinsettias and some bedding plants were grown in slag or slag amended media in an ebb and flow fertigation system. Slag alone has a high pH and initial slag samples had some very small particle sizes. Plant growth in slag alone was poor because of high pH and low aeration. When slag was amended with moss peat, the pH was lowered to an acceptable range and the aeration was better. Plant growth in peat-slag media was equal to plant growth in a peat-perlite mix. Media composed of peat-slag and bark were also successful in producing crop growth equal to peat-perlite. There were no nutritional problems growing in slag amended media except that boron uptake by chrysanthemum was greater than in other media. Eliminating the small particle sizes by washing the slag makes the slag easier to handle, but does not produce crop growth equal to slag amended media.
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Niu, Genhua, and Denise S. Rodriguez. "(62) Salinity and Growing Medium Affected Growth and Morphology of Gaillardia aristata." HortScience 41, no. 4 (July 2006): 1071C—1071. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.4.1071c.
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Gaillardia aristata Foug. is a hardy, drought-tolerant perennial found throughout much of the United States. Little information exists on the salt tolerance of this plant when grown in various growing media. A study was conducted to characterize the response of G. aristata to three salinity levels (0.8, 2.0, or 4.0 dS/m) and four growing media: 1) 100% perlite; 2) 1 perlite: 1 Sunshine mix No. 4 (v/v); 3) 100% Sunshine mix No. 4; or 4) 1 Sunshine mix No. 4: 1 composted mulch (v/v). The type of medium influenced the dry weight of roots but not shoots, while salinity significantly influenced the dry weight of both shoots and roots. The dry weight of shoots was higher in plants irrigated with tap water (0.8 dS/m) compared to those irrigated with saline solution at 2.0 or 4.0 dS/m except for those grown in 100% Sunshine mix. The ratio of root to shoot dry weight was not influenced by salinity, but was highest in the plants grown in 100% perlite. Both medium and salinity affected plant height. Elevated salinity reduced plant height. Plants were taller when grown in 100% perlite and in 1 Sunshine mix: 1 composted mulch. However, plants had fewer lateral shoots when grown in 100% perlite or 1 Sunshine mix: 1 composted mulch. Some of the flower buds aborted when grown in 100% Sunshine mix or 1 perlite: 1 Sunshine mix compared to none in plants grown in 100% perlite or 1 Sunshine mix: 1 composted mulch. These results indicate that growth and morphology of G. aristata were affected by not only salinity, but also the type of medium.
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Ercisli, Sezai, Ustun Sahin, Ahmet Esitken, and Omer Anapali. "Effects of some growing media on the growth of strawberry cvs. 'Camarosa' and 'Fern'." Acta Agrobotanica 58, no. 1 (2012): 185–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/aa.2005.024.
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This study evaluated the development of above and under ground parts of strawberry plants cvs. 'Fern' and 'Camarosa ' in a glasshouse using perlite, forest soil, finpeat, peat, finpeat+perlite (1:1) and peat+perlite (1:1) as substrates. The effects of different growing media on development of above and under ground parts of plant were statistically significant. The highest number of primary roots per plant, length of the most developed roots and number of crowns per runner were obtained from perlite, finpeat+perlite and peat medium, respectively, in both cultivars. The runner length, number of runners per plant, leaf area, fresh root weight and dry root weight varied between cultivars according to growth medium. In general peat, finpeat or finpeat+perlite gave the best results in terms of above and under ground parts of plants in both cultivars. Some important properties such as water retention capacity, cation exchangeable capacity, pH, porosity etc. of growing media using in this study were also determined.
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Scagel, Carolyn F. "Growth and Nutrient Use of Ericaceous Plants Grown in Media Amended with Sphagnum Moss Peat or Coir Dust." HortScience 38, no. 1 (February 2003): 46–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.38.1.46.
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Using several different ericaceous ornamental species, we compared the growth, mineral nutrition, and composition of plants in response to growing media amended with varying proportions of sphagnum moss peat (peat) or coir dust (coir). Plants were grown for 16 weeks in media consisting of 80% composted Douglas fir bark with 20% peat, 20% coir, or 10% peat and 10% coir. Sixteen weeks after planting, decreases in extractable P were larger in peat-amended medium than the coir-amended medium, while decreases in extractable NH4-N and NO3-N were larger in the coir-amended medium. In general, leaf and stem dry weight, the number of leaves and stems, and total stem length increased with increasing proportion of coir in the medium while root dry weight either increased (Kalmia latifolia), decreased (Rhododendron, Gaultheria), or was not influenced by increasing the proportion of coir in the medium. The composition of the growing medium also influenced aspects of plant marketability and quality including: leaf greenness (SPAD), plant form (e.g., number of leaves per length of stem), and partitioning of biomass (e.g., root to shoot ratio). Nutrient uptake and fertilizer use was significantly different between the media types. Depending on the cultivar, we found that the coir-amended medium resulted in higher uptake or availability of several nutrients than peat-amended medium. Up take or availability of N, P, K, Ca, and S was enhanced for several cultivars, while uptake or availability of Mg, Fe, and B was similar between media types. Most cultivars/species growing in the coir-amended medium had higher production or accumulation of proteins and amino acids in stems than plants growing in peat-amended medium, while the production of proteins and amino acids in roots was lower in plants growing in coir-amended than in peat-amended medium. For the cultivars/species we tested, coir is a suitable media amendment for growing ericaceous plants and may have beneficial effects on plant quality.
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Jiménez-Peña, Nadia, Luis A. Valdez-Aguilar, Ana M. Castillo-González, María T. Colinas-León, Andrew D. Cartmill, and Donita L. Cartmill. "Growing Media and Nutrient Solution Concentration Affect Vegetative Growth and Nutrition of Laelia anceps Lindl." HortScience 48, no. 6 (June 2013): 773–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.48.6.773.
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The domestication of wild orchids for commercial production is a new endeavor, which may represent a sustainable alternative to the collection/harvest from natural populations of threatened or endangered orchid species. In the present study, the growth and nutrition of vegetative plants of Laelia anceps Lindl. as affected by three components of the growing medium (peat, volcanic rock, and/or horticultural grade charcoal) and the nutrient solution concentration, measured as osmotic potential (ψS), were assessed using mixture experiments methodology. Leaf dry mass (DM) was the highest when plants were irrigated with nutrient solutions of –0.076 MPa. The lower leaf DM at lower or higher ψS was influenced by the medium because plants grown in 100% volcanic rock exhibited no effect, whereas plants grown in either 100% charcoal or 100% peat had a marked reduction. Regardless of the ψS of the nutrient solution, the highest leaf DM was observed in mixtures of two components containing charcoal and peat at high proportions. Dry mass of pseudobulbs and roots was highest in plants irrigated with solutions of –0.051 MPa, especially in mixtures with charcoal or 100% peat. Decreasing the ψS of the nutrient solution resulted in increased shoot nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) concentrations and decreased concentration of phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), boron (B), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu). Increasing charcoal proportion in the growing media resulted in increased plant iron (Fe) and Cu concentration. However, increasing volcanic rock reduced plant P and K and increased Mn concentration. A higher proportion of peat was correlated with a decrease in plant Fe concentration. Leaf DM fit models on which macronutrient:micronutrient or micronutrient:micronutrient ratios were calculated, suggesting that nutrient imbalance may be responsible for a plant’s responses. The coefficients with the higher values included a micronutrient:micronutrient ratio, suggesting that an extremely fine balance in the uptake of a given micronutrient in relation to other micro- or macronutrient is of major importance for adequate growth of Laelia.
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Suanda, I. Wayan. "PENGARUH PUPUK TRICHODERMA SP. DENGAN MEDIA TUMBUH BERBEDA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN VEGETATIF TANAMAN CABAI MERAH BESAR (Capsicum Frutescens L.)." JURNAL WIDYA BIOLOGI 10, no. 01 (January 7, 2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.32795/widyabiologi.v10i01.228.
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This research aimed to find out the effects of Trichoderma sp. fertilizers with different growing media on the vegetative growth of chili plants and to find out the best growing media to make it grow optimally.This research was conducted in the Biologi Laboratory at FPMIPA IKIP PGRI Bali from April to June, 2018. The research was done in several growing media; treatmen P0 (without the Trichoderma sp. fertilizer), P1 (Trichoderma sp. fertilizer from taro media), P2 (Trichoderma sp. fertilizer from cassava media), P3 (Trichoderma sp. fertilizer from sweet potato media), P4 (Trichoderma sp. fertilizer from corn media), P5 (Trichoderma sp. fertilizer from potato media). These treatments were repeated four times each. The population in this study were all chili pepper seeds of F1 Megatop variety with a total of 100 plants and a sample of 72 plant that were three weeks old. Each group contained of three chili plants. The data collected in this study were about the height and number of leaves on the chili plants. The data were analyzed using the analysis o variance (ANOVA) with F test and a 5% significance level followed by the LSD test.Based on the analysis, there are several effects of Trichoderma sp. fertilizer with different growing media on the vegetative growth of chili plants. The results showed that treatment P4 (Trichoderma sp. fertilizer from corn media) have the most effective and optimal effects on the chili plants.
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Sukariyan, Sukariyan, Marjenah Marjenah, Wawan Kustaiwan, Wahjuni Hartati, and Garini Widosari. "PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN SENGON BUTO (Enterolobium cyclocrpum Griseb) FASE TINGKATAN SEMAI DENGAN MEDIA OVERBURDEN." JURNAL AGRIMENT 6, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 58–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.51967/jurnalagriment.v6i1.495.
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Plant growth is known as increasing volume of the diameter and height of the plant stem. Overburdenmaterial after coal mining has conditions where the soil structure is damaged, rock fragmentation ismixed and there is no layer of organic matter. The research objective is to determine the suitability ofplant growth in several growing media. The research method is done by planting test in a nursery withplant growth media consisting of top soil material as a control, a mixing of overburden material withfoliar fertilizer from sengon buto plants, and overburden growing media, the three media werecompared. Results of significance were less than 0.05. The growth medium affects the growth ofsengon buto (Enterolobium cyclocarpum Griseb) seedlings.
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Klock, Kimberlv A., and George Fitzpatrick. "Compost Usage for Growing Impatiens `Accent Red'." HortScience 31, no. 4 (August 1996): 657d—657. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.4.657d.
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Three compost products [biosolids (SYT), refuse derived fuel residues (RYT), and municipal solid waste (MSW)] were compared to a commercial bedding plant medium of 60% Sphagnum peat: 25% shredded bark: 15% aerolite to support Impatiens wallerana `Accent Red' growth. The treatments consisted of 100% compost as a stand alone medium plus blends in which compost was combined with control medium components at 60% compost or 30% compost. Shoot dry mass of plants grown in 100% SYT and RYT was greater than shoot dry mass of Impatiens plants grown in 100% MSW. Plants grown in SYT showed an increase in shoot dry mass from 1.29 to 1.64 g as the percentage of compost in the mix increased from 0% to 100%, while plants grown in MSW showed a linear decrease in. shoot dry mass from 1.29 to 0.18 g. Shoot dry mass of plants grown in RYT did not differ significantly from 0% to 100% compost in the media.
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Steiner, C., and T. Harttung. "Biochar as growing media additive and peat substitute." Solid Earth Discussions 6, no. 1 (April 9, 2014): 1023–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/sed-6-1023-2014.
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Abstract. Environmental concerns raised the demand for alternative growing media substituting sphagnum peat. However growing media formulations still depend on peat and alternatives are limited. Biochar is carbonized plant material and could be an appropriate additive or even substitute for sphagnum peat. Freshly produced, it is free from pathogens, has a low nutrient content (if produced from nutrient poor feedstock), a very high structural stability and likely other favourable properties such as air capacity and water holding capacity. Preliminary tests were conducted to compare biochar with other growing media and growing media additives. The growth of a miniature sunflower, pH and electrical conductivity (EC) was measured in different growing media such as biochar, perlite, clay granules, sphagnum peat and peat mixed with biochar in the ratios 1 : 4, 1 : 1 and 4 : 1 (25, 50 and 75%, by volume). Fresh biochar has a similar EC than peat which is even lower after rinsing with water. Due to the relatively high pH of biochar, it could be added to peat instead of lime in a concentration of up to 75%. The growth of the sunflower was similar in all growing media. Only the plant weight was slightly higher of plants that grew in perlite or peat. There is a large potential for optimization such as selection of particle size and feedstock for biochar production and growing media formulations for specific plant requirements.
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Marzarina, Mega, Mardiah Hayati, and Elly Kesumawati. "Effect of Combination of Media Cultivation and Varieties Against Against Plant Growth and Yield of Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill) By Hydroponic Substrates." Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian 1, no. 1 (November 1, 2016): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17969/jimfp.v1i1.1239.
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Effect of Combination and Varieties Growing Media on the Growth and Crop Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill) in hydroponic substrate. This study aims to determine the best combination and variety of growing media on growth and yield of tomato plants in hydroponic substrate. Research conducted at the Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Syiah Kuala, which lasted from January to May 2014. This study used a randomized block design 3 x 3 factorial design with three replications. This study consisted of two factors, the first factor is the combination of growing media consisting of a combination of sand + rice husk, sand + sawdust, sand + coconut coir. The second factor is composed of tomato varieties Hybrid varieties (Peto-seed), Superior (Ratna) and Local (Ground). Parameters measured were plant height and trunk diameter respectively at 15, 30, and 45 days after plant (HST), the number of flower planting age of 60, 67, 74, 81 and 88 days after planting, as well as the number of total fruit and total weight of the fruit planting. The results showed that growing media very significant effect on the diameter of the stem ages of 15 and 30 DAT, the number of flower planting age of 60, 67, 74, 81 and 88 days after planting, the number of total fruit crop and the weight of total fruit crop, significantly affected plant height age 15 and 30 DAT, and diameter at base age 45 HST. But no real effect on the plant height age of 45 HST. The growth and yield of tomato plants best seen in medium sand + husk. Varieties very significant effect on the amount of interest the age of 67 and 81 days after planting, the total number of fruit crops and fruit weight total crop. But no real effect on plant height and diameter at base age of 15, 30 and 45 days after planting. Growth and yield of tomato plants best seen in hybrid varieties (Peto-sedd). There is a very real interaction between the growing media and varieties of the total number of fruit crops and no real effect on other variables. Best interaction that combined treatment of the planting medium sand + rice husk and hybrid varieties (Peto-sedd).Keywords: tomatoes, Growing Media, varieties, hydroponic substrate.
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Compton, Michael, and Timothy Zauche. "Growth of Cypripedium Orchids in Soilless Media Containing Anaerobic Digestion-derived Biosolids." HortScience 41, no. 4 (July 2006): 980D—980. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.4.980d.
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Lady slipper orchids have great potential as a perennial bedding plant in temperate-zone climates Unfortunately, many gardeners fear these species because of their high cost and perceived difficulties associated with growing plants outdoors. The former factor can be addressed by improving the production of plants at the wholesale level. Growers contest that sphagnum peat and coconut coir are poor organic addenda for these species due to their natural acidity. Anaerobic digestion-derived biosolids (ADB) are not acidic like sphagnum peat or coconut coir, and may be the perfect organic addendum for the culture of ladyslipper orchids. Hence, 3-year-old plants of showy (Cypripedium reginae) and yellow ladyslipper (Cypripedium parviflorum var. pubescens) orchids were grown in soilless potting mixes containing vermiculite and perlite plus various concentrations and combinations of ADB and coconut coir. Plants were grown in the greenhouse at 70 ± 10 °F and received normal light and photoperiod during Summer 2005. Growth, as assessed by the dry weight of dormant stem tissue, of showy ladyslipper potted in media containing ADB was three- to four-times greater than those grown in media containing coconut coir. Growth was similar among yellow ladyslippers grown in media containing ADB or coconut coir due to the fact that these plants had produced all their stem growth for the season before the experiment was initiated. ADB has great potential as an organic addendum to horticultural growing media used for the culture of Cypripedium species. Use of anaerobic digester-derived biosolids in horticultural growing media is a protected intellectual property and available for license through the WiSys Technology Foundation.
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Kolomietc, Andrey, Nadezda Nicolaeva, Victoria Larina, and Nataliya Chupakhina. "Growing optimization of suspension cultures of medicinal plant cells." E3S Web of Conferences 291 (2021): 02022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129102022.
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Suspension cell cultures allow to save plant material when obtaining biologically active compounds of natural origin. As a result of the studies, optimal parameters were selected to increase the formation of biologically active metabolites in suspension cell cultures of such medicinal plants as Maackia amurensis Rupr., Hyssopus officinalis L. and Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk. Medicinal plants are a large group of plants used as raw materials for the production of medicinal and preventive drugs for medical and animal use. The assortment of phytopreparations is constantly expanding due to the increased demand for natural remedies, due to their less aggressive and toxic nature compared to synthetic ones [1]. Cultivation of medicinal plants in the form of isolated cells in vitro is one of the most modern technologies for rapidly obtaining a large biomass of plant material with stable growth features year-round under controlled conditions [2]. It is known that cells in vitro grow faster and have peculiarities of synthesis and accumulation of biologically active substances compared to intact plants [3]. Isolated cells, unlike tissue cells, also have an advantage for their use as a source of active metabolites, since they have the ability to release these compounds into the intercellular space [4]. The goal of this paper was to select parameters for increasing the biosynthetic activity of cultured suspension cultures of medicinal plant cells in vitro by optimizing cultivation conditions and introducing precursors of secondary metabolite biosynthesis into the nutrient media.
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Calkins, James B., Beth R. Jarvis, and Bert T. Swanson. "Compost and Rubber Tire Chips as Peat Substitutes in Nursery Container Media: Growth Effects." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 15, no. 2 (June 1, 1997): 88–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-15.2.88.
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Abstract This research investigated the feasibility of using composted yard wastes, composted municipal solid waste and shredded rubber tire chips in nursery container media. Containerized Physocarpus opulifolius ‘Dart's Gold’, Forsythia × ‘Meadowlark’, Spiraea × billiardii, Juniperus chinensis ‘Seagreen’, J. sabina ‘Mini Arcade’, J. horizontalis ‘Hughes’, and Lamiastrum galeobdolon were grown in media amended with five recycled waste materials used as peat substitutes in a standard container medium of composted woodchips, peat, and sand (3:2:1 by vol). Waste materials used included three yard waste composts, one municipal solid waste compost and shredded rubber tire chips. Fifty or 100% of the peat in the standard growing medium was replaced with each amendment. Ten treatments (five amendments, each at 50% and 100% peat replacement) and a control (standard medium) were used for all seven plant species. Visual ratings, height and width measurements (crown volume), number of growing points and plant dry weights indicated that media in which 50% of the peat was replaced by an amendment produced larger plants of superior quality compared to the control. Rubber tire chips were acceptable as a 50% peat substitute for plants that prefer well-drained conditions, while 100% peat substitution with tire chips was detrimental to plant growth and performance. Use of immature compost in container media negatively influenced plant growth.
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Saputro, Romy Agus, Sintho Wahyuning Ardie, and Krisantini. "Aplikasi Berbagai Komposisi dan Konsentrasi Pupuk Majemuk untuk Pembentukan Kantong pada Nepenthesx ventrata." Buletin Agrohorti 1, no. 1 (January 11, 2013): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/agrob.1.1.113-118.
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<p style="text-align: justify;">Nepenthes is a genus of carnivorous plants in the monotypic family Nepenthaceae. The genus comprises around 130 species, numerous natural and many cultivated hybrids. Plants generally need fertilizer to promote their growth and development. However, in their original habitat Nepenthes forms pitchers under nutrition starvation condition. This study aimed at determining the effect of fertilization on the growth and pitcher formation of Nepenthesx ventrata. Experiment was conducted at Suska Nursery, Caringin, West Java, Indonesia from February until June 2011. Plants were treated with the N: P: K, 60-30-30, 32-10-10 and 10-55-10 and at different concentrations ie, 0.5, 1 and 2 g L-1. Fertilizer was applied weekly to the growing media. Weekly observations were conducted on number of leaves, plant height, time of pitchers initiation, the number of pitchers and pitcher diameter and length. Daily temperature, relative humidity and EC (electrical conductivity) of the growing media were also recorded during the experiment. The results showed that combination of fertilizer with different composition and concentration did not affect Nepenthes growth and development. Application of fertilizer resulted in smaller size pitchers compared to control plants. Future research on Nepenthes should be conducted in a longer period since Nepenthes is a slow growing plants.</p><p>Keywords: Nepenthesx ventrata, fertilizer, pitcher plant</p>
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Warjoto, Renna Eliana, Tati Barus, and Joshua Mulyawan. "Pengaruh Media Tanam Hidroponik terhadap Pertumbuhan Bayam (Amaranthus sp.) dan Selada (Lactuca sativa)." Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan 20, no. 2 (October 27, 2020): 118–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.25181/jppt.v20i2.1610.
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As the human population rises, the demand for high nutritional foods, such as green vegetables, also increases. However, agricultural land, especially in urban areas, is increasingly narrowing. Hydroponics can be one of the solutions to answer this problem. In addition to complete nutrition, hydroponic plants also require appropriate media for root attachments, water absorption, and aeration. However, no studies have compared the growth of hydroponic plants using rockwool and sponge as affordable growing media. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of local rockwool, imported rockwool, and sponge as growing media on the growth of spinach (Amaranthus sp.) and green lettuce (Lactuca sativa) using Deep Flow Technique (DFT). This study used a Completely Randomized Design with three treatment groups, i.e., three different growing media, for spinach and lettuce. At the harvest period, the number of leaves on each plant was counted, the crown fresh-weight was balanced, and the chlorophyll content was determined. Plant height was also measured for spinach. The results showed no significant differences in all observed parameters except for the crown fresh-weight of the lettuce. The crown fresh-weight of the lettuce grown on sponge media was found to be the lowest significantly (81.47 ± 9.50 g) among all treatment groups. Other hydroponic growing media’s influences can be investigated for further research, with additional growth parameters such as crown dry-weight, root fresh- and dry-weight, as well as the determination of plant phytochemical contents. Moreover, the composition of nutrients can also be further examined to reveal the type of growing media and nutritional formulations that are most optimum for hydroponic spinach and lettuce growth.
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Massa, Daniele, Domenico Prisa, Sara Lazzereschi, Sonia Cacini, and Gianluca Burchi. "Heterogeneous response of two bedding plants to peat substitution by two green composts." Horticultural Science 45, No. 3 (September 5, 2018): 164–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/1/2017-hortsci.
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The promotion, at local level, of resource recycling chains, with low environmental impact and costs, appears of great interest for the production of green composts to replace peat in ornamental crops. In this work, two green composts, differing for the criterion of raw material selection for composting, were tested for the cultivation of two bedding plants in comparison with 100% peat based substrate. Leaf chlorophyll (SPAD index), biometric and growth parameters, and tissue mineral composition were measured to assess growing media-plant system performances. Both growing media and plants gave heterogeneous responses depending on substrate characteristics and plant requirements and/or tolerance to abiotic stress. Plant biomass was reduced by 63% (on average) in the most sensitive species due to the high Cl concentration detected in one of the two green composts; a similar trend was observed for SPAD index. The results support the shared idea that the selection of raw material is a strategy of primary importance in the composting process to obtain high quality green compost.
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Steiner, C., and T. Harttung. "Biochar as a growing media additive and peat substitute." Solid Earth 5, no. 2 (September 22, 2014): 995–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-5-995-2014.
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Abstract. Environmental concerns raised the demand for alternative growing media substituting Sphagnum peat. However growing media formulations still depend on peat and alternatives are limited. Biochar is carbonized plant material and could be an appropriate additive or even substitute for Sphagnum peat. Freshly produced, it is free from pathogens, has a low nutrient content (if produced from nutrient-poor feedstock), a very high structural stability and likely other favourable properties such as air capacity and water-holding capacity. Preliminary tests were conducted to compare biochar with other growing media and growing media additives. The growth of a miniature sunflower, pH and electrical conductivity (EC) was measured in different growing media such as biochar, perlite, clay granules, Sphagnum peat and peat mixed with biochar in the ratios 1 : 4, 1 : 1 and 4 : 1 (25, 50 and 75%, by volume). Fresh biochar has a similar EC to peat which is even lower after rinsing with water. Due to the relatively high pH of biochar, it could be added to peat instead of lime in a concentration of up to 75%. The growth of the sunflower was similar in all growing media. Only the plant weight was slightly higher of plants that grew in perlite or peat. There is a large potential for optimization such as selection of particle size and feedstock for biochar production and growing media formulations for specific plant requirements.
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Boyle, Thomas H., Lyle E. Craker, and James E. Simon. "Growing Medium and Fertilization Regime Influence Growth and Essential Oil Content of Rosemary." HortScience 26, no. 1 (January 1991): 33–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.26.1.33.
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Plants of rosemary [Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Lamiaceae)] were grown in pots containing a soilless (1 sphagnum peat:1 perlite) or soil-based (1 sphagnum peat: 1 perlite:1 field soil) growing medium and fertilized with either 12N-5.2P-12.5K controlled-release fertilizer (CRF) at 9.0 g/pot; constant liquid fertilization (LF) with 20N4.3P-16.7K at 150 mg N/liter; constant LF at 150 mg N/liter, plus CRF at 4.5 g/pot; weekly LF at 150 mg N/liter; or weekly LF at 150 mg N/liter, plus CRF at 4.5 g/pot. Constant LF plus CRF generally reduced plant height and depressed shoot fresh weight relative to other fertilizer regimes. Essential oil content was highest in plants receiving weekly LF. Plants grown in the soil-based mix were shorter, shoot fresh and dry weight tended to be lower, and essential oil yield was higher when compared to plants grown in the soilless mix. Satisfactory growth was obtained in both media when rosemary plants were fertilized with 12N-5.2P-12.5K CRF at 9.0 g/pot or weekly LF with 20N<.3P-16.7K at 150 mg N/liter.
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Sinta, Anisa Firmandanur, and Wahyu Widoretno. "Effect of Colchicine on In Vitro Growth and Ploidicity of Crown Vetiver Plant (Vetiveria zizanioides L. Nash)." Journal of Experimental Life Sciences 10, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jels.2019.010.01.02.
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The goal of this research was to evaluate the effect of colchicine on the formation and growth of shoot from explant crowns by in vitro, as well as to obtain polyploidy vetiver plant (Vetiveriazizanioides L. Nash). Induction of polyploidy vetiver plants carried out by culturing explant crowns on MS media supplemented by 2 mg.L-1 BAP and colchicine (0, 30, 60, 90, 120 mg.L-1) for three weeks. Explant and formed shoot regenerated on MS media containing 1 mg.L-1 NAA. The generated plantlets acclimatized on the growing media (cocopeat: husk charcoal: compost = 1: 1: 2). Plant ploidy level of the plants regenerated from treated explant estimated by chromosome counting in root tips. The effect of colchicine on media was able to induce polyploidy in vetiver plants. Five mixoploids were obtained from explant treated colchicine. The vetiver mixoploid plants obtained were 20% and 62.5% from colchicine 60 mg.L-1 and 90 mg.L-1, respectively. The vetiver mixoploid plants consist of diploid (2n=2x=20) and triploid cells (2n=3x=30) or diploid (2n=2x=20) and tetraploid (2n=4x=40). The addition of colchicine in concentrations above 30 mg.L-1 caused inhibition of shoot formation and growth, even a concentration of 120 mg.L-1 caused explant death. However, 30 mg.L-1 colchicine could increase the number of formed shoots, while only 60 mg.L-1 and 90 mg.L-1 could be induced the mixoploidy in the vetiver plant. The results showed that colchicine treatment could increase ploidicity in vetiver plants in vitro, but caused inhibition of shoot formation and growth.
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Pottorff, Laura Pickett, and Karen L. Panter. "Survey of Rooted Plant Material to Determine Source of Root Rotting Pathogen: Introduction into Greenhouses." HortScience 31, no. 4 (August 1996): 676d—676. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.4.676d.
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With the cooperation of six commercial greenhouses (five in Colorado, one out of state), rooted poinsettia cuttings and bedding plant plugs were collected and analyzed for Pythium and Rhizoctonia, two common root rotting pathogens in Colorado greenhouses. Samples of plant, soil, and water debris were taken from four greenhouses, as well as samples of growing media ready for use. These were also analyzed for Pythium and Rhizoctonia. Fungi recovered from the plant, debris, or growing media samples were identified, grown in pure culture, and introduced into susceptible plants (Vinca minor) in pathogenicity studies. Neither pathogen was isolated from the rooted poinsettia cuttings tested. Pythium was not found in any of the plug material or in growing media. Rhizoctonia solani was found in 16% of the plug samples and 7% of the growing media samples tested. Debris from greenhouse floors yielded four species of Pythium as well as Rhizoctonia solani. Isolates of each fungus were able to colonize, but not adversely affect, inoculated plants in pathogenicity studies. It appears that disease causing organisms that have potential to decrease plant quality and growth are already present in the greenhouse. Control of root rotting pathogens can best be carried out by relying heavily on sanitation measures.
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Ginandjar, Salamet, Dikayani, and Fajri Syahid Nurhakim. "Response Kailan Plants (Brassica oleraceae L.) to the Immersion Plant Growth Regulator (GA3) with Various Types Growing Media." Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development 8, no. 2 (January 30, 2019): 195–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/journal.1005/2018.8.2/1005.2.195.203.
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Gibberellin are hormones that accelerate the germination of seeds, buds sprout, stem elongation, leaf growth, stimulate flowering, fruit development, affecting root growth and differentiation. The research aims to determine the response kailan plants (Brassica oleraceae L.) against immersion PGR gibberellin (GA3) with various types growing media have been conducted in Ciparanje Jatinangor since March 2015 to May 2015. Using a randomized block design (RAK) factorial design with three replications consisting of two factors. The first factor is the provision of PGR gibberellin (GA3) which consists of: (1) 0 ppm (2) 25 ppm (3) 50 ppm (4) 75 ppm (5) 100 ppm. The second factor is the type of growing media consisting of: (1) land (2) husk (3) cocopeat, with observation parameters plant height, leaf number, fresh plant weight, dry plant weight and dashed root. The results showed that the use of PGR gibberellin (GA3) with a concentration of (g2) 50 ppm and the type of soil planting medium (m1) of the most influential in improving growth and yield of kailan plant.
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Sloan, John J., Raul I. Cabrera, Peter A. Y. Ampim, Steve A. George, and Wayne A. Mackay. "Performance of Ornamental Plants in Alternative Organic Growing Media Amended with Increasing Rates of Expanded Shale." HortTechnology 20, no. 3 (June 2010): 594–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.20.3.594.
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Organic and inorganic amendments are often used to improve chemical and physical properties of soils. The objective of this study was to determine how the inclusion of light-weight expanded shale in various organic matter blends would affect plant performance. Four basic blends of organic growing media were prepared using traditional or alternative organic materials: 1) 75% pine bark (PB) + 25% sphagnum peatmoss (PM), 2) 50% PB + 50% wastewater biosolids (BS), 3) 100% municipal yard waste compost (compost), and 4) 65% PB + 35% cottonseed hulls (CH). Light-weight expanded shale was then blended with each of these mixtures at rates of 0%, 15%, 30%, and 60% (v/v). Vinca (Catharanthus roseus), verbena (Verbena hybrida), and shantung maple (Acer truncatum) were planted into the growing media after they were transferred into greenhouse pots. Vinca growth was monitored for 3 months before harvesting aboveground plant tissue to determine total biomass yield and elemental composition. Verbena growth was monitored for 6 months, during which time aboveground plant tissue was harvested twice to determine total biomass yield. Additionally, aboveground vinca plant tissue was analyzed for nutrients and heavy metal concentrations. In the absence of expanded shale, verbena and shantung maple trees produced more aboveground biomass in the 50-PB/50-BS blends, whereas vinca grew more biomass in the pure compost blends. Inclusion of expanded shale in the various organic matter blends generally had a negative effect on plant growth, with the exception of shantung maple growth in the 65-PB/35-CH blend. Reduced plant growth was probably due to a lower concentration of nutrients in the growing media. Macro- and micronutrient uptake was generally reduced by addition of expanded shale to the organic growing media. Results suggest that organic materials that have been stabilized through prior decomposition, such as compost or PM, are safe and reliable growing media, but expanded shale offers few benefits to a container growing medium except in cases where additional porosity is needed.
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Fonda*, Harold N. "Effects of ZeoPro™ Incorporation in the Growing Medium on the Growth of Pansy." HortScience 39, no. 4 (July 2004): 767A—767. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.4.767a.
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Many strategies have been utilized by commercial growers to reduce leaching of nutrients from the growing medium during bedding plant production. Incorporation of controlled release fertilizers into the growing medium reduces the reliance on water-soluble fertilizers but nutrient release is usually temperature-dependent. One material that shows potential for this application is ZeoPro which combines a nutient-loaded zeolite with a synthetic apatite to supply the necessary nutrients for plant growth. Pansy (Viola × wittrockiana `Majestic Giant Yellow') seedlings were transplanted into 6-packs using a peat-perlite growing medium containing dolomitic lime but without a starter fertilizer charge. Two types of ZeoPro that differ in their nutrient-loading rates, regular ZeoPro (Hr) and ZeoPro Plus (H+), were added to the growing medium at rates of 0, 2.5, 5, 10, and 20% by volume. One half of the plants in each treatment received clear water only while the other half were irrigated with a 20-10-20 fertilizer solution at the rate of 100 mg.L-1 N. Shoot dry weights were higher at all ZeoPro rates in H+ media compared to their respective Hr media for both fertilized and unfertilized treatments. The highest shoot dry weights were measured for fertilized plants in media with H+ at 5, 10, and 20%. Tissue analysis showed that leaf %N, P, and K increased with the rate of Hr and H+ for unfertilized treatments. However, for fertilized treatments, while leaf %N increased, %K decreased with increasing rate of H+.
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Stamps, Robert H., and Michael R. Evans. "Growth of Dracaena marginata and Spathiphyllum `Petite' in Spaghnum Peat and Coconut Coir Dust-based Growing Media." HortScience 33, no. 3 (June 1998): 522e—522. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.33.3.522e.
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Dracaena marginata Lam. and Spathiphyllum `Petite' were grown in three greenhouse growing media made with Philippine coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) coir dust (CD) or Canadian sphagnum peat (SP). Three soilless media [Cornell, Hybrid, Univ. of Florida #2 (UF-2)] were prepared using CD or SP and pine bark (PB), vermiculite (V), and/or perlite (P) in the following ratios (percent by volume): Cornell = 50 CD or SP:25 V:25 P; Hybrid = 40 CD or SP:30 V:30 PB; UF-2 = 50 CD or SP:50 PB. When most of the plants of each genus were of marketable size, plant root and top masses and grades were determined as well as plant top growth indices. For dracaena, there were interactions between medium component (CD/SP) and medium type for everything except mass and grades of roots. For Cornell mix, plant top growth index and grades were higher for SP- (SPM) than the CD-containing medium (CDM). However, masses were not different due to component. For Hybrid mix, only top mass was affected (CDM 12%> SPM). For UF-2, top plant index and top and total plant masses were higher for CDM than SPM by 10, 19 and 15%, respectively. Overall, plant masses were the same for all three mixes containing CD; however, top plant index and grades were higher for the Hybrid and UF-2 mixes than for Cornell. Using SP, plants in Cornell and Hybrid mixes generally outperformed those in UF-2. For spathiphyllum, there were no interactions and medium component only affected root ratings (CDM > SPM). Plant top, root and total masses and root ratings were higher for Cornell and Hybrid than for UF-2.
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Hafijah, Nur, Tutik Nugrahini, and Zainudin Zainudin. "Pengaruh Sistem Hidroponik dan Media Tanam Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Sawi (Brassica rapa L)." Agrifarm : Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian 8, no. 1 (September 3, 2019): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.24903/ajip.v8i1.529.
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Effect of hydroponic systems and planting media on growth and production of mustard plants (Brassica rapa L) The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of systems and different hiodroponic growing media on the growth and production of mustard plants. This research was conducted for 3 months, starting from June to September 2017. The research location was located in Embalut village, Tenggarong Sub-District, across the Kutai Kartanegara Regency, East Kalimantan Province. The research design used was Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 2 factors with 5 replications, the first factor was the hydroponic system consisting of 3 (three) levels, namely: system wick (s₁), system NFT (s₂), system DFT (s₃) . The second factor is m₁ = husk charcoal, m₂ = Cocopeat, m₃ = Rockwool. The results of this study indicate that the treatment system has a very significant effect on the average number of leaves, leaf width, plant height, leaf width of mustard plants aged 4, 5 and 6 mst, did not significantly affect the fresh weight of mustard plants. The media treatment did not affect the average number of leaves, plant height, leaf width of plants at 4, 5, 6 and fresh weight of plants did not have significant effect. The effect of the best system treatment on the growth of mustard plants produced by the NFT system (s₂), the best media treatment for the growth of mustard plants was produced by the Cocopeat treatment (m₂). The highest interaction with the fresh weight of mustard plants was produced by a combination of treatment s₂xm₂.;
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van Iersel, M. W., and B. Bugbee. "Increased Organic Matter in the Growing Medium Decreases Benlate DF Phytotoxicity." Plant Disease 81, no. 7 (July 1997): 743–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.1997.81.7.743.
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Some benzimidazole fungicides are phytotoxic to bedding plants. Organic pesticides are bound to the organic matter fraction in the root zone and their availability to plants depends on the composition of the growing medium. Thus, pesticide phytotoxicity may be affected by the fraction of organic matter in the growing medium. We conducted two studies to examine the relationship between benzimidazole phytotoxicity and organic matter content of the growing medium. In the first study, plants were grown in diatomaceous earth, containing no organic matter, and drenched with different fungicides. Benlate DF reduced carbon accumulation (growth) of the plants by 32 and 73% at the 0.5× and 1× label rate, respectively. Carbon gain of plants drenched with either Derosal or 3336 WP was similar to that of the control plants. Both Benlate DF and 3336 WP significantly decreased the number of flowers on the plants. The second study quantified the phytotoxicity of Benlate DF in media containing different amounts of organic matter. The growth of Benlate DF-treated plants was strongly affected by the amount of peat. Net photosynthesis decreased and the severity of visual symptoms (chlorosis) of Benlate DF phytotoxicity increased in media containing less peat. Benlate DF phytotoxicity strongly depends on the amount of organic matter in the growing medium, probably due to sorption of the active ingredient of Benlate DF and/or its breakdown products to the organic matter.
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Ashour, Hossam Ahmed, Asmaa Bader Eldeen El-Attar, and Mohamed Mahmoud Abdel Wahab. "Combined effects of NPK fertilizer with foliar application of benzyladenine or gibberellic acid on Dracaena marginata ‘Bicolor’ grown in different potting media." Ornamental Horticulture 26, no. 4 (December 2020): 545–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2447-536x.v26i4.2141.
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Abstract A pot experiments was carried out to evaluate the influence of growing media and combined treatments of NPK with either benzyladenine or gibberellic acid on growth, chemical constituents and anatomical structure of Dracaena marginata ‘Bicolor’. The plants were grown in two growing media; peat-moss, peat-moss+ sand (1:1, v v-1), received monthly NPK fertilizers (2 and 4 g pot-1) combined with either of benzyl adenine (BA) at 100 and 150 ppm or gibberellic acid (GA3) at 150 and 250 ppm, while the control plants received no treatments. As general, the results indicated that, peat- moss was superior to peat-moss+ sand medium on increasing most of vegetative growth parameters in terms of plant height, number of leaves/plant, leaf area, root length, as well as fresh and dry weights of leaves, stems and roots/plant, besides some macro elements represented in N, P, K, Ca and Mg% in both leaves and stems. While plants grown in peat-moss+ sand possessed significantly higher contents of total chlorophylls, total carbohydrates, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn and B than those grown in peat- moss alone. Plants received combined NPK with either BA or GA3 resulted in significant increases in most of morphological and chemicals content over the control plants and it was outstanding that, GA3 was more effective than BA when they were combined with NPK. It can be concluded that for the highest quality, quantity growth and economic production of Dracaena marginata ‘Bicolor’, the plants could be grown in a medium of peat-moss and supplied monthly with NPK fertilizer at 2 g plant-1 along with foliar sprayed with 250 ppm GA3.
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Rademan, Stephanie, and Dyremple Marsh. "EVALUATION OF SEVERAL GROWING MEDIA FOR USE IN NITROGEN FIXATION RESEARCH." HortScience 27, no. 11 (November 1992): 1166b—1166. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.11.1166b.
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A wide range of methodologies, ranging from Leonard jar to growth pouch have been used to investigate the nitrogen fixation process in leguminous crops. The effectiveness of most of these research methods have been questioned. Problems encountered vary from difficulty in root separation to water log conditions. This study was undertaken to determine the effect of different growing media on nodule development and harvestability. Black and Red seed coat kidney bean were surface sterilized and inoculated with the Rhizobium phaseoli strain UMR 1899. Seeds were planted in 8.5 cm diameter sterile clay pots containing the respective growing medium. These growing media were sand, Promix GM, Promix BX, and fritted clay. The black seed coat kidney bean had higher germination rate under all media for all dates recorded. Black kidney bean grown in sand and fritted clay had plant heights significantly greater than ones grown in the other media on the third harvest date. Nodule activities as measured by shoot dry weight and nodule number were significantly higher in both beans grown in fritted clay than in other media. Promix GM plants with dry weight of .45g for the black bean and .32g for the red beans were the lowest. Nodule separation from the growing media was easiest when plants were grown in sand, however, this was not significantly different from that of plants grown in fritted clay.
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Mohamad Yasin, Erma Prihastanti, and Endah Dwi Hastuti. "THE EFFECT OF BLOCK COMPOST SAGO WASTE ORGANIC PLANTS ( POLYBAG ) ON COMPOSITION VARIATIONS." International Journal of Engineering Science Technologies 4, no. 4 (September 5, 2020): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/ijoest.v4.i4.2020.99.
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Abstract
The use of polybags is not environmentally friendly because the polybags will be thrown away and become trash so the environment will be polluted. One way to reduce environmental pollution is to use compost blocks made from sago waste. Sago waste has nutrients that can be used as plant growth media. One of the developments of growing media from compost is to form it in the form of compact compost blocks. Block compost functions in plant nurseries, stimulating root and leaf growth. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the type of block compost sago waste as a growing medium on variations in composition. At the time of planting, seedlings can be directly planted with holes in compost blocks. Seedlings planted in block compost have better growth in the field than seedlings planted in polybags, so that block compost can be considered as an environmentally friendly alternative to polybags.
Keywords: Sago Waste; Growing Media; Block Compost.
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Kreder, Susan, and Albert H. Markhart. "118 The Effect of Hydroponics on the Yield and Quality of Sweet Basil." HortScience 34, no. 3 (June 1999): 462A—462. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.34.3.462a.
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Environmental conditions are known to affect the growth and quality of culinary and medicinal herbs. Hydroponic growing conditions often produces greater yields for many leafy crops compared to growth in more-traditional media. The objective of this investigation was to compare the yield and quality of sweet basil grown in continuous flow solution culture or well-irrigated Universal Mix. Sweet basil plants were germinated under mist and then transplanted to a continous-flow hydroponics system or to 6-inch pots containing Universal Mix. Rows of pots alternated with a row of hydroponic plants in a temperature-controlled greenhouse. Temperatures were maintained between 20 and 25 °C, the relative humidity was not controlled, pot-grown plants were irrigated as needed. HID lights added sublimentry irradiation and maintained a photoperiod of 18 h. Cohorts of plants were harvested at five time points between transplanting and maturity. Plants were divided into leaves, stems, and roots, dried, and the data subjected to mathmatical growth analysis. Several leaves from each plant were harvested and analyzed by gas chromotograpth for essential oils. Plants grown in hyroponics grew faster and produced more harvestable leaf material than the media-grown plants. Details of the plant growth analysis and the essential oil composition will be presented.
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Kuehny, Jeff S., Blanca Morales, and Patricia Branch. "Effect of Water Quality on Growth and Fertilization of Bedding Plants." HortScience 31, no. 4 (August 1996): 655a—655. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.4.655a.
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Irrigation water quality is an important factor in ornamental plant production; however, there is little information in this area. Saline (NaCl) and alkaline (NaHCO3) water have been shown to cause general chlorosis, tip burn, and defoliation of plants. The growing medium used in crop production may be an important factor when irrigating with saline and alkaline water. Our objectives were to determine the effects of increasing concentrations of NaCl: CaCl2 and NaHCO3 in irrigation water on growth and development of spring and fall bedding plants grown in peat, peat/pine bark, and pine bark media. Plant dry weight, height, and width were significantly lower at 300 and 400 ppm NaCl: CaCl2 and NaHCO3 levels. Early visible symptoms were necrosis of leaf tips, some leaf discoloration and finally plant death in the NaCl: CaCl2 experiment. The leaves of plants in the NaHCO3 experiment became water soaked and chlorotic, and some leaf abscission occurred. The best plant growth in the NaHCO3 experiment occurred in peat and the best plant growth in the NaCl: CaCl2 experiment occurred in pine bark. Decreased uptake of K+, Ca++, and Mg++ occurred when high levels of sodium were present.
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Fornes, Fernando, Luisa Liu-Xu, Antonio Lidón, María Sánchez-García, María Luz Cayuela, Miguel A. Sánchez-Monedero, and Rosa María Belda. "Biochar Improves the Properties of Poultry Manure Compost as Growing Media for Rosemary Production." Agronomy 10, no. 2 (February 12, 2020): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10020261.
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Compost represents a sustainable alternative for peat (P) replacement in soilless plant cultivation, but its use can be limited by several inadequate physical and physicochemical properties. Biochar can alleviate some of the limitations of compost for its use as growth media by improving the physical properties, decreasing salinity and making the phytotoxic compounds unavailable for plants. We studied the physical and physicochemical properties of holm oak biochar (B), poultry manure compost (PMC), poultry manure composted with biochar (PMBC), a commercial peat (P) and multiple combinations of these materials as growth media, and their effect on the rooting and growth of rosemary. PMBC and PMC showed similar physical and physicochemical properties as growing media, and they both were phytotoxic when used in a rate above 50% (by volume) in the growing medium. However, when used at proportion of 25%, PMBC was less phytotoxic than PMC and enhanced the percentage of rosemary cutting rooting. The incorporation of B in the growing medium instead of P (either at 50% or 75% in volume) increased the stability of the growing media and the percentage of rooted cuttings, but it did not affect plant growth significantly. Our results demonstrate the potential of substituting peat by a combination of poultry manure compost and biochar for the formulation of growth media.
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Pérez-Fernández, María, Ángel Míguez-Montero, and Alexandre Valentine. "Phosphorus and Nitrogen Modulate Plant Performance in Shrubby Legumes from the Iberian Peninsula." Plants 8, no. 9 (September 6, 2019): 334. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants8090334.
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We investigated the impact of phosphorus nutrition on plant growth and biological nitrogen fixation in four leguminous plants in the Tribe Genistea. The main objective of the study was to analyze Phosphorus and Nitrogen use efficiency under drought. We also tested for the effects of rhizobial inoculation on plant performance. Plants inoculated with Rhizobium strains isolated from plants of the four species growing in the wild were cropped under controlled conditions in soils with either low P (5 µM) or high P (500 µM). The experiment was replicated in the presence and absence of plant irrigation to test for the effects of drought stress of inoculated and non-inoculated plants under the two P levels of fertilization. Low-P treatments increased nodule production while plant biomass and shoot and root P and N contents where maximum at high P. Low P (5 µM) in the growing media, resulted in greater N accumulated in plants, coupled with greater phosphorus and nitrogen uptake efficiencies. Drought reduced the relative growth rate over two orders of magnitude or more, depending on the combination of plant species and treatment. Genista cinerea had the lowest tolerance to water scarcity, whereas Genista florida and Retama sphaerocarpa were the most resistant species to drought. Drought resistance was enhanced in the inoculated plants. In the four species, and particularly in Echinospartum barnadesii, the inoculation treatment clearly triggered N use efficiency, whereas P use efficiency was greater in the non-inoculated irrigated plants. Nodulation significantly increased in plants in the low P treatments, where plants showed a greater demand for N. The physiological basis for the four species being able to maintain their growth at low P levels and to respond to the greater P supply, is through balanced acquisition of P and N to meet the plants’ nutritional needs.
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Amery, Fien, Jane Debode, Sarah Ommeslag, Rian Visser, Caroline De Tender, and Bart Vandecasteele. "Biochar for Circular Horticulture: Feedstock Related Effects in Soilless Cultivation." Agronomy 11, no. 4 (March 26, 2021): 629. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11040629.
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Biochar has previously been used in growing media blends as fertilizer or for improving plant growth, disease suppression, and as a sustainable replacement of peat. To achieve optimal circular horticulture, we propose here to reuse the biochar from spent growing media. However, it is unclear to what extent the biochar feedstock determines the mode of action of the biochar and if use of spent growing media biochar may encounter nutrient or salt problems. Differences in chemical characteristics, nutrient release, and interaction in a leaching experiment and effects on plant growth, nutrient uptake, and disease suppression in a strawberry greenhouse trial were studied for 11 biochars either processed from spent growing media or from lignocellulosic biomass. A well-studied biochar produced from oak wood was set as reference. Biochars produced from spent growing media were characterized by higher electrical conductivity, extractable and total nutrient concentrations compared with biochars produced from lignocellulosic biomass. Especially in the first phase of the leaching experiment, all biochars showed nutrient and salt release, with most prominent effects for spent growing media biochars and the reference biochar. The latter biochars were an important source of phosphorus and in particular of potassium. Only for the reference biochar, strawberry plants showed increased uptake of phosphorus, potassium and calcium, and increased chlorophyll concentration. No Bortrytis cinerea disease suppression and no increase in plant growth was observed for the tested biochars. It is concluded that spent growing media can be recycled as biochar in growing media without adverse effects compared to biochars produced from lignocellulosic biomass.
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Kuehny, Jeff, Mary Halbrooks, and Charles Graham. "GROWTH AND NUTRIENT UPTAKE PATTERNS OF AN EPISODIC AND CONTINUOUS GROWING WOODY PLANT." HortScience 25, no. 9 (September 1990): 1067e—1067. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1067e.
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Current recommendations for sufficiency of nutrients in soil-less media for container grown nursery crops have been based on weak acid extraction and pour through sampling of media. Since the concentration of nutrients found in pour through samples are similar to those available in the media solution, sufficiency levels as determined by hydroponics studies have also been considered to be applicable to plants grown in a solid medium such as pine bark. Many variables, however, may affect nutrient availability in a solid medium which are not the same as those in a well-stirred hydroponics system. Objectives of this experiment were to compare growth and nutrient uptake patterns of Euonymous kiautschovica `Manhattan' and Prunus persica `Jefferson' grown in a pine bark/sand medium or a hydroponics system. Quantitative growth characteristics, depletion rates of nutrients in solution, concentration of ions in pour through samples, and tissue levels of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg will be reported.
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Jeong, GyeSoon, John M. Brown, and Byoung Ryong Jeong. "INFLUENCE OF TRICHODERMA ON THE GROWTH OF BEDDING PLANTS." HortScience 25, no. 9 (September 1990): 1111e—1111. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1111e.
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Trichoderm a spp. are currently being investigated for biological control of soil-borne pathogens and their potential to enhance plant growth and development. The influence of T. harzianum and T. hamatum on growth of 7 bedding plant species was Investigated. Trichoderm a formulated in peat moss and wheat bran, was mixed into germination and growing media at 1 × 106 cfu per gram of medium. Seeds were germinated in plugs and later grown in cellpacks containing a treated and non-treated medium until market stage. Plants were evaluated by measuring height, fresh and dry weight, and number and timing of flowering. Growth enhancement was found in marigold (14.8% dw), petunia (15.5% dw) and tomato (38.2% dw), however, no significant differences were seen in celosia, impatiens, salvi a and vinca. Results suggest that growth enhancement by Trichoderm a is species dependent and that Trichoderm a applied in the plug mix remains-effective through marketing stage.
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Strojny, Z., and J. S. Nowak. "EFFECT OF DIFFERENT GROWING MEDIA ON THE GROWTH OF SOME BEDDING PLANTS." Acta Horticulturae, no. 644 (February 2004): 157–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2004.644.19.
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Grigatti, M., C. Ciavatta, and M. E. Giorgioni. "GROWTH AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF BEDDING PLANTS ON COMPOST-BASED GROWING MEDIA." Acta Horticulturae, no. 779 (January 2008): 607–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2008.779.78.
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Gouin, Francis R. "Growth of Hardy Chrysanthemums in Containers of Media Amended with Composted Municipal Sewage Sludge." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 3, no. 2 (June 1, 1985): 53–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-3.2.53.
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Four hardy Chrysanthemum X morifolium (Ramat) (chrysanthemum) cultivars were grown in peat sand media amended with 2 sources of sewage sludge compost at 50, 60 and 67% of the media by volume. Chrysanthemums growing in the 50% to 60% by volume composted sewage sludge treatments and top dressed with complete or only N slow-release fertilizers were comparable to plants growing in a commercially available potting medium with a complete fertilizer. Media containing 50 and 60% compost with a pH range of 6.2 to 6.9 supplied trace elements and most of the P and K necessary for normal plant growth. The use of a surfactant increased the fresh weight in some compost blends.
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Swanson, Bert T., and James B. Calkins. "Utilization of MSW for Nursery Container Stock Production." HortScience 30, no. 4 (July 1995): 794B—794. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.794b.
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Five composted Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) (garbage) products and a composted manure were evaluated as container growing media components on eight woody and herbaceous plants. Plant growth response to the different composts and to the quality of compost used was species-specific. Media UM Manure 100 provided the greatest increase in plant height across all species during the first year. However, only one species, V. lentaga, actually ranked number one in UM Manure 100. J.h. `Blue Chip' and A. tuberosa both grew the tallest in Control I. The remaining five species grew tallest in five different media. Therefore, several amended media can provide increased plant height for specific species; however, the top three media for plant height across all species were: #1 UM Manure 100, #2 Prairieland 50, and #3 Pennington 50. Plant height was the lowest in Recomp 100 media. Pennington 50 provided the greatest increase in plant volume. Media producing the highest plant dry weights across all species were: #1 Prairieland 50, #2 Pennington 50 and #3 UM Manure 50. Plants grown in Recomp 100 had the lowest plant dry weight. Media physical properties such as media drainage and aeration were affected by amendment quality and quantity.