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Books on the topic 'Growth Trajectories'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 21 February 2023

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1

Fritsch, Michael, and Michael Wyrwich. Regional Trajectories of Entrepreneurship, Knowledge, and Growth. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97782-9.

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2

Canadian urban regions: Trajectories of growth and change. Toronto: OUP Canada, 2011.

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3

Vennam, Uma. Chronic poverty amid growth: Insights from long-term poverty trajectories. Oxford, UK: Young Lives, Oxford Department of International Development, University of Oxford, 2012.

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4

Urban and regional development trajectories in contemporary capitalism. New York: Routledge, 2012.

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5

Gordon, Peter. Simulating the trajectories of land and development rights rents via discrete programming models. [S.l: s.n., 1989.

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6

Johnstone, Jill Frances. A key for predicting postfire successional trajectories in black spruce stands of Interior Alaska. Portland, OR: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2008.

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7

Johnstone, Jill Frances. A key for predicting postfire successional trajectories in black spruce stands of Interior Alaska. Portland, OR: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2008.

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8

Johnstone, Jill Frances. A key for predicting postfire successional trajectories in black spruce stands of Interior Alaska. Portland, OR: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2008.

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9

Johnstone, Jill Frances. A key for predicting postfire successional trajectories in black spruce stands of Interior Alaska. Portland, OR: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2008.

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10

Randelli, Filippo, and Francesco Dini, eds. Oltre la globalizzazione: le proposte della Geografia economica. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6655-307-6.

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In 1980 Froebel, Heinrichs and Kreye published the English-language The New International Division of Labour, trying to highlight the consequences of market reorganization after the crisis of the mid 1970s, which was soon to transform into so-called globalization. A third of a century later, the "fantastic adventure" of market integration seems to have been crystallized by the 2007-2008 crisis, opening a further period of great instability. But the geography of wealth production has transformed radically and appears unrecognizable to the early-80s scholar. In a framework of great social, political and cultural change, China, a country at the time defined as an "economic dwarf", is the second largest economy on the planet and has become its "factory". The standardizing concept of "Third World" having vanished, some former colonial economies have undertaken rapid growth processes, while others have ruinously accentuated their underdevelopment. The traditionally advanced regions, then defined as "industrial", have opened out into trajectories defined, vice versa, as "post-industrial", some consolidating their competitive edge and others sparking lengthy declines.
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11

Maugeri, Giuseppe, and Graziano Serragiotto. L’insegnamento della lingua italiana in Giappone Uno studio di caso sul Kansai. Venice: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-525-4.

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This research stems from the need of the Italian Cultural Institute to map the institutions involved in teaching Italian in the area considered and to analyse the quality of the teaching and learning process of the Italian language. The objectives are multiple and linked to the importance of finding the causes that slow the growth of the study of Italian in Japanese Kansai. Therefore, the first part of this action research will outline the cultural and linguistic education coordinates that characterize the Japanese context; in the second part, the research data will be interpreted in order to trace new methodological development trajectories to increase the quality of the Italian teaching process in Kansai.Part 1 This part focuses on the situation of foreign language teaching in Japan. It also describes the strategies to promote the teaching of the Italian language in Japan from 1980 to now. 1 Modern Language Policy in Japan Between Past and Present This first chapter describes linguistic policy for the promotion of foreign languages in Japan by the Ministry of Education (MEXT). 2 Japanese Educational System Focus of this chapter are the cultural, pedagogical and linguistic education characteristics of the context under investigation. 3 Teaching Italian Language in Japan The purpose of this chapter is to outline the general frame of the spreading of the Italian cultural model in a traditional Japanese context. Part 2In the second part the action research and the training project design are described. 4 The Action-Research Project This chapter describes the overall design of the research and the research questions that inspired an investigation in the context under study. The aim is to understand whether there is a link between the methodological choices of the teachers and the difficulties in learning Italian for Japanese students. Part 3 In this third part, the situation of teaching Italian in relation to different learning contexts in Japanese Kansai will be examined. 5 A Case Study at Italian Culture Institute in Osaka The goals of this chapter are to analyse the problems of teaching Italian at the IIC and suggest methodological improvement paths for teachers of Italian language at IIC. 6 A Case Study at Osaka University The data obtained by the informants will be used to analyse the situation of the teaching of Italian at Department of Italian language of this university and suggest curricular and methodological improvements to increase the quality of teaching and learning Italian. 7 A Case Study at Kyoto Sangyo University The chapter outlines the methodological and technical characteristics used to teach Italian at Kyoto Sangyo University and suggests strategies aimed at enhancing students’ language learning.
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12

Disciplined growth strategies: Insights from the growth trajectories of successful and unsuccessful companies. Apress, 2017.

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13

Growth and Inequality: The Contrasting Trajectories of India and Brazil. Cambridge University Press, 2017.

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14

Barbosa, Alexandre de Freitas, Gerry Rodgers, and María Cristina Cacciamali. Growth and Inequality: The Contrasting Trajectories of India and Brazil. University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations, 2019.

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15

Barbosa, Alexandre de Freitas, Gerry Rodgers, and Maria Cristina Cacciamali. Growth and Inequality: The Contrasting Trajectories of India and Brazil. Cambridge University Press, 2019.

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16

Martinelli, Flavia, Frank Moulaert, and Andreas Novy. Urban and Regional Development Trajectories in Contemporary Capitalism. Taylor & Francis Group, 2015.

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17

Martinelli, Flavia, Frank Moulaert, and Andreas Novy. Urban and Regional Development Trajectories in Contemporary Capitalism. Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.

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18

Martinelli, Flavia, Frank Moulaert, and Andreas Novy. Urban and Regional Development Trajectories in Contemporary Capitalism. Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.

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19

Martinelli, Flavia, Frank Moulaert, and Andreas Novy. Urban and Regional Development Trajectories in Contemporary Capitalism. Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.

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20

Fritsch, Michael, and Michael Wyrwich. Regional Trajectories of Entrepreneurship, Knowledge, and Growth: The Role of History and Culture. Springer, 2018.

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21

Fritsch, Michael, and Michael Wyrwich. Regional Trajectories of Entrepreneurship, Knowledge, and Growth: The Role of History and Culture. Springer, 2018.

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22

Jones, Sam, Jere R. Behrman, Hai-Anh H. Dang, and Paul Anand. Identifying Catch-Up Trajectories in Child Growth: New Methods with Evidence from Young Lives. World Bank, Washington, DC, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-8353.

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23

Daniels, Peter. Service Industries and Asia Pacific Cities: New Development Trajectories (Routledgecurzon Studies in the Growth Economies of Asia). RoutledgeCurzon, 2005.

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24

Social Protection, Economic Growth and Social Change: Goals, Issues and Trajectories in China, India, Brazil and South Africa. Elgar Publishing Limited, Edward, 2013.

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25

Ross, Cathy. Mission. Edited by Mark Chapman, Sathianathan Clarke, and Martyn Percy. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199218561.013.40.

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This chapter discusses Anglican practice of and engagement in mission, concluding with some suggested future trajectories. The Five Marks of Mission are considered in some detail along with other contextual trends such as the church growth movement, mission-shaped church and Fresh Expressions of church which have been influential throughout parts of the Anglican Communion. The theology of missio Dei is discussed along with the importance of contextualization for mission. Migration and migrant churches are described as a mission issue along with their impact on the growth of local churches as well as its influence on the shape of World Christianity. The chapter concludes with reflections on the role and place of Anglicanism within the world church.
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26

Mahoney, James, and Diana Rodríguez-Franco. Dependency Theory. Edited by Carol Lancaster and Nicolas van de Walle. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199845156.013.13.

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This article focuses on dependency theory and its influence on scholarly work in the field of international development. After tracing the roots of dependency theory, the article considers its relationship to the international economy, multinational capital, the local bourgeoisie, and the state. It then discusses dependency theory as a set of general concepts and orientations for formulating theories and explanations, as well as a set of directly testable and falsifiable hypotheses. It also emphasizes the utility of dependency theory for explaining the historical trajectories of development in Latin America, sustained robust economic growth in South Korea and Taiwan, globalization, and recent strong growth in China and some of its raw material suppliers. The article shows that dependency theory has mixed results as a testable theory but has been quite successful when used as a theoretical framework.
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27

Fletcher, Roland. Urban materialities: meaning, magnitude, friction, and outcomes. Edited by Dan Hicks and Mary C. Beaudry. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199218714.013.0020.

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The materiality of urbanism encompasses the words and actions by which we relate ourselves to it, the economics of its creation and maintenance, the impact of the material on the viability of community life, and also the long-term trajectories of urban growth and decline. Archaeological approaches to urban materiality tend to focus on how people seek to use the material and also emphasize what the material meant, in verbal terms, to its users. This article focuses on urban materialities, its meaning, magnitude, friction, and outcomes. This article further discusses words, metaphors, and urban materials. In discussing metaphor the material scholars have recognized ‘an inherent problem in the precise relationship between a world of words and world of things’. This article discusses the process of analyzing transformation through time. A detailed analysis on the growth and changing trends in urban industrialization concludes this article.
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28

Brown, Kate Pride. Coda. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190660949.003.0009.

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The coda brings readers up to date with developments around Lake Baikal since the study upon which the book is based was completed (2013–2017). The coda discusses the closing of the Baikalsk Pulp and Paper Mill, Mongolian dam projects on Selenga River tributaries, problems resulting from the growth in tourism, and a recent drop in the level of Baikal below the officially safe minimum. The coda also informs readers about the trajectories of the people and organizations described in the book in the years since 2013. Only one of the three principal organizations comprising this study remains, but the individuals are still involved in a variety of environmental projects around Lake Baikal.
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29

Smith, Ian W. G. Regional and chronological variations in energy harvests from prehistoric fauna in New Zealand. Edited by Umberto Albarella, Mauro Rizzetto, Hannah Russ, Kim Vickers, and Sarah Viner-Daniels. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199686476.013.50.

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Regional variations in the subsistence practices of New Zealand’s indigenous Maori were recognized by the first Europeans who studied them closely in the late eighteenth century. There is now a critical need to reassess the evidence for both regional and chronological variations in evidence for the types and relative importance of the foods that prehistoric Maori ate to establish when, where, and how changes took place. Reliably dated archaeological assemblages from two New Zealand study areas are examined to generate estimates of the dietary energy harvested from major classes of fauna. These reveal changes over time which are attributable to human predation, and regional differences that reflect differing trajectories of human population growth.
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30

Vail, Mark I. Economic Adjustment through Group Subsidization. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190683986.003.0004.

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This chapter analyzes how the German tradition of corporate liberalism has shaped policy outcomes in fiscal policy, labor-market policy, and financial regulation since the early 1990s. After German reunification and in the wake of the fiscal-policy strictures of the Maastricht Treaty, German authorities developed reform strategies designed to support economic growth, reduce unemployment, and modernize their financial systems. In so doing, they rejected neoliberal prescriptions in favor of policies that sheltered and subsidized core groups in their export-based growth model, in particular skilled workers and employers in export sectors, internationally competitive SMEs, and economically strategic financial institutions. In all three policy areas, reform trajectories of both Left and Right reflected corporate-liberal commitments to a supportive role for the state, the privileging of mesoeconomic policy instruments between macro and micro levels, and an emphasis on core groups as central political-economic constituencies, often at the expense of peripheral or unincorporated outsiders.
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31

Hegmon, Michelle. Path Dependence. Edited by Barbara Mills and Severin Fowles. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199978427.013.7.

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Path dependence concepts, thus far, have seen little application in archaeology, but they have great potential. At a general level, these concepts provide tools for theorizing historical sequences, such as patterns of settlement on a landscape and divergent historical traditions. Potential applications include issues of historical contingency in the late Rio Grande, settlement in the Mesa Verde region, and divergent trajectories in the post-Chaco period. Specific concepts from path dependence theory, including lock-in and critical junctures, are illustrated by an analysis of the growth of Hohokam irrigation, which exhibited a path-dependent trajectory. As archaeological study of path dependence builds awareness of the importance of decision-making on the future, it contributes to difficult decision-making in today’s world.
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32

Mikaelsson, Lisbeth. Religion. Edited by Lisa Disch and Mary Hawkesworth. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199328581.013.39.

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This chapter discusses how central feminist theorists have wrestled with the complex relationship between religion and gender, so often manifested in the subordination of women. Simone de Beauvoir and succeeding feminists have argued that religious ideas about the nature of men and women reduce, denounce, and marginalize women, representing women as a human “other.” The social and psychological functions of divine gender have been highlighted in feminist critique of Jewish and Christian monotheism and its transcendent, masculine godhead. If masculine divinity empowers men, however, one should think that feminine divinity would do the same for women. This kind of questioning has opened up new trajectories in research and motivated the growth of Western Goddess religion. The great impact on religious development and scholarship of modern feminism is exemplified in the present account.
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33

Burger, Richard, and Lucy Salazar. Reinventing the Incas in Contemporary Cuzco. Edited by Sonia Alconini and Alan Covey. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190219352.013.40.

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This chapter addresses some of the factors leading to the “reinvention” of the Inti Raymi and Machu Picchu almost 500 years after the collapse of Tahuantinsuyu. It also highlights the way in which these two phenomena have been transformed since their reappearance as the result of tourism, globalization and the growth of Incanism. Although both played an important role in the construction of Peruvian’s national identity, their different trajectories reveal competing forces of authentication and reinvention in the national and international arenas. Whereas the resurgence of the Inti Raymi in Cuzco was the product of mestizo intellectuals committed to reinforcing nationalism and local identity, the discovery and rise to prominence of Machu Picchu was the result of broader efforts to integrate the Peruvian highlands into the national and global economies.
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34

Cammett, Melani. Development and Underdevelopment in the Middle East and North Africa. Edited by Carol Lancaster and Nicolas van de Walle. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199845156.013.25.

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This article examines the trajectories of economic development and underdevelopment in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). It first considers the empirical record of development in the region, paying particular attention to standard measures of GDP, industrialization, and social development. The article contextualizes the region’s development trajectory in a larger set of cross-regional comparisons and looks at the region’s record of economic growth and development in different periods after World War II. It also evaluates a number of factors that account for economic performance in the region—such as colonialism, Islam, social relations, corruption and crony capitalism, authoritarianism, and populism—before offering an alternative account. It argues that the MENA’s suboptimal economic performance is associated with the particular manifestation of business–government relations in the region.
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35

Tritter, Thorin. Australia, Canada, and New Zealand. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199574797.003.0021.

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The Australian and Canadian branches of OUP were among the first founded and their histories in the later twentieth century have similar trajectories. Both engaged in significant trade publishing, unlike other branches, and both developed successful local educational and reference lists. The New Zealand branch was a more precarious investment and eventually merged into the Australian branch. The Canadian and Australian branches both responded to powerful nationalist movements in education and publishing by embracing local authors and developing reference titles and textbooks. The chapter considers these developments and compares the publishing lists, leadership, and growth of the Australian and Canadian branches. The chapter carefully examines and compares the relationship between these branches and Oxford, particularly noting how the branches and the Press perceived and reacted to changes in financial position, sales figures of local titles and UK imports, and the autonomy of branch managers.
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36

Lewis, Peter M. Africa’s Political Economy in the Contemporary Era. Edited by Carol Lancaster and Nicolas van de Walle. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199845156.013.36.

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This article discusses Africa’s political economy in the contemporary era. It begins with an overview of various theories, models and debates that address African economic performance before turning to a discussion of the interrelationships between institutions, politics, and economic change. It then proceeds with an analysis of the politics of economic change in Africa following years of colonization; how the development strategies charted at independence came under stress from internal and global factors in the 1970s; the shifts in development strategy and policy orientation that African states went through in the 1980s; the influence of political reform and democratization on the trajectory of African economies during the 1990s; and the acceleration of economic growth in many African countries in the twenty-first century. Finally, the article assesses African economies under the contemporary period in which enhanced performance and a more propitious context create opportunities for a shift in developmental trajectories.
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37

Hajkowicz, Stefan. Global Megatrends. CSIRO Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9781486301416.

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A scarcity of natural resources. The challenge to protect biodiversity and the global climate. Rapid economic growth and urbanisation in Asia and the developing world. Changing demographics and an ageing population. The impact of new digital technologies. Consumer expectations for services, experiences and social interaction. An imperative to innovate. Megatrends are gradual yet powerful trajectories of change that have the potential to throw companies, individuals and societies into freefall. In Global Megatrends author Stefan Hajkowicz identifies these seven patterns of global change and tells a story about how the world will change over the next 20 years. The book captures the thinking of many dedicated scientists and researchers who have devoted their careers to exploring and understanding change. The change heralded by megatrends lies beyond our direct control but not beyond our influence. By getting a picture of how the world is changing and what these megatrends are, we can alter our destiny.
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38

Fisher, Maryanne L., ed. The Oxford Handbook of Women and Competition. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199376377.001.0001.

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The topic of women’s competition has gained significant recent momentum. This book provides direct evidence of this growth and is the first scholarly volume to focus specifically on the topic. In general, the included chapters provide a definitive view of the current state of knowledge regarding women’s competition. Many of the chapters are theoretically grounded in an evolutionary framework, such that the authors investigate the adaptive nature of women’s competitive behavior, motivations, and cognitions. Other chapters rely on a different framework, with these authors instead arguing that sociocultural sources shape women's competition. In addition, while the book is primarily about women, some contributors focus their chapters on issues faced by adolescent girls, or mention developmental trajectories for young girls through to adulthood. Some authors focus on nonhuman females to provide a stronger background for understanding women. It is hoped that the information within this volume will serve as a source of inspiration to help guide future directions for research.
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39

Conrad, Sebastian, and Philipp Ther. On the Move: Mobility, Migration, and Nation, 1880–1948. Edited by Helmut Walser Smith. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199237395.013.0025.

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This article charts the trajectories of this cross-border mobility, both inward and outward-bound, keeping three general issues in mind. After the late nineteenth century, Germany was on the move. Population growth, the increasing pull of the cities, and economic opportunities in the industrial centers all contributed to a flight of people from rural areas. These massive and frequently overlapping forms of mobility demonstrate the degree to which German history was embedded in transnational processes. Migration was one of the forms through which large segments of the population experienced global entanglement first hand. Mobility connected different levels of experience and tied the local and regional to the national and the global. Secondly, migration was framed in the logic of economic order and labor markets. Mobility operated in a contested field in which the dynamics of cross-border movement constantly undermined, and at the same time dialectically reinforced, senses of nationality. This article concludes with a note on mass migration during and after the Second World War.
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40

Minteer, Ben A. Environmental Ethics, Sustainability Science, and the Recovery of Pragmatism. Edited by Stephen M. Gardiner and Allen Thompson. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199941339.013.46.

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The recent emergence of sustainability science has created opportunities and challenges for environmental ethics. On the one hand, the fast growth and increasing influence of sustainability science in environmental management and policy circles—and its normative character as a goal-directed enterprise focused on moving society toward a more durable socio-ecological relationship—provides an opening for environmental ethics to contribute to the development of this new transdisciplinary science. Yet traditional (and historically dominant) nonanthropocentric ethics will prove difficult to reconcile with sustainability science’s strong emphasis on the anthropocentric goals of improving human welfare and well-being. A more explicitly pragmatic understanding of environmental ethics, a view that combines respect for nature with a wider sense of value pluralism (including more human-directed values) in the cautious shaping of ecological systems for conservation and human benefit, has the potential to draw the two fields closer together at this critical stage in their developmental trajectories.
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41

Wehrey, Frederic, and Anouar Boukhars. Salafism in the Maghreb. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190942403.001.0001.

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This volume explores the growth and transformation of a particular variant of Islamism—Salafism—in the Maghreb region. Drawing on extensive fieldwork and from previous scholarship on Salafi typologies—specifically, quietist, political, and jihadist variants—it seeks to understand the socioeconomic and political drivers between the growth or diminishing of each trend. The volume pays particular attention to exploring how state-sponsored Salafists compete with more informal, nonstate, and transnational variants, particularly jihadists. It analyses how local political contexts determine the calculations and trajectories of Salafist factions that appear to share a certain doctrinal uniformity but whose actual practice on the ground, in the sphere of Arab politics, varies significantly. Specifically, it assesses state capacities and policies toward Salafis as a crucial variable that has shaped the transformation of Salafism across the Maghreb’s different countries. A key feature of the book is its attention to the blurring of the boundaries between Salafi quietism, political activism, and the imperative, in some countries, for Salafis to modulate aspects of their doctrine to gain public support. It concludes with the observation that Salafism’s growth is the product of a growing and youthful disenchantment with the existing order and especially authoritarianism, corruption, and dislocation. At a time of heightened polarization in the region and unfortunate American misapprehensions of Islamism—at both public and official levels—the book’s granular insights provide correctives for understanding a diverse religious current that has too often been synonymous with extremism.
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42

Dvorák, Tomás, and Jussi Parikka, eds. Photography Off the Scale. Edinburgh University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474478816.001.0001.

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The book addresses quantity and scale in contemporary visual culture and photography. It takes the problem of quantity as a theoretical issue that changes the premises of visual analysis. It focuses on the logic and rhetoric behind the arguments by numbers, growth, and tipping points, while recognising that photography has been characterized in quantitative terms since its invention and concerns regarding information overload accompanied the discourse around many earlier technological innovations. Investigating historical trajectories and different modes of reasoning provides a critical framework for contemporary discourses from accelerationism to technological singularity to big data analysis in cultural analytics. The chapters in this edited collection address core areas in photographic theory and its overlap with media and digital culture studies, and as such work across an interdisciplinary area. The texts stem from different theoretical directions with the shared brief to address the question how do we conceptualise photography in the age of the mass image, and how does the quantity of images present a qualitative problem for academic analysis of visual culture.
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43

Ali, Saleem H. Earthly Order. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197640272.001.0001.

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How does natural order in the universe connect to social and political order on Earth? Pragmatically, answering such a fundamental question is key for society to confront global environmental and economic challenges. Earthly Order tackles this grand question of human inquiry for a broad audience through coverage of foundational knowledge for scientific literacy of the general public. The book argues that the complexity of current planetary processes requires us to embrace a hybrid form of order in which natural emergence from chaos and human technological innovations are intertwined. As a systems scientist and geographer, the author brings together his personal journey of intellectual growth from his childhood years in Pakistan to his studies in the natural sciences and environmental planning in the United States to weave a rich tapestry of learning that informs the parameters of global sustainability conversations. While resisting the temptation of environmental determinism, the narrative sets forth natural constraints and hierarchies under which trajectories of social, economic, and political systems must be charted to maintain an “earthly order” wherein humanity can thrive.
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44

Sedek, Grzegorz, Thomas Hess, and Dayna Touron, eds. Multiple Pathways of Cognitive Aging. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197528976.001.0001.

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The study of aging and cognition has grown tremendously over the past 50 years, developing from a field dominated by experimentally based information-processing traditions to one represented by a more mature approach both conceptually and methodologically. A quick examination of relevant research over the last 10 years reveals a growth in integrative approaches incorporating behavioral, neuropsychological, and social information. In addition, the concurrent recognition of limitations associated with simple cross-sectional age-group comparisons along with the use of more complex methods has resulted in the development of increasingly sophisticated research designs and analytic tools focused on understanding a multitude of potential mediators and moderators of cognitive change. This all has led away from a monolithic—often negative—view of cognitive aging to one that is more nuanced and sensitive to contextual factors. This recent shift in the psychology of aging discipline from describing cognitive aging in terms of limitations into one focused on understanding the factors associated with adaptive functioning in later life is a prime inspiration for the present volume. Thus, an emphasis here is on understanding both the factors underlying individual differences in trajectories of change in cognitive functioning in later life and the nature of compensatory mechanisms developed by most successful and active middle-aged and older adults through their experiences in dealing with complex tasks. This includes the consideration of motivational factors as a driver of both cognitive change and adaptive functioning. The 15 contributions offer unique insights and highlight innovative methodological approaches that have been used to study these issues.
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45

Manow, Philip, Bruno Palier, and Hanna Schwander, eds. Welfare Democracies and Party Politics. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198807971.001.0001.

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Europe’s political landscapes are in turmoil; new radical parties challenge the established political order. This book locates Europe’s contemporary challenges within the longer economic and political trajectories of its “welfare democracies.” It argues forcefully that it is imperative to understand the specific structures of political competition and voter–party links to make sense of the political and economic turmoil of the last decades. In four distinct European welfare democracies (Nordic, continental, southern, and Anglo-Saxon), the political economy, the party system, and the structure of the political space are co-determined in a specific way. Accordingly, specific combinations of policies and politics and distinct patterns of alignment between core electoral groups and political parties exist in the four welfare democracies and shape their reactions to current challenges. With this, the book provides an analytical framework that links welfare states to party systems, combining recent contributions to the comparative political economy of the welfare state and insights from party and electoral politics. The book identifies three phenomena: in electoral politics it states a certain homogenization of European party systems, the emergence of a new combination of leftist socio-economic and rightist socio-cultural positions in many parties, and finally the rise of the radical right in the north of Europe and the radical left in the south. The contributions to this book also indicate a confluence toward renewed welfare state support among parties and voters. Finally, the Europeanization of political dynamics, combined with incompatible growth models, has created pronounced European cleavages.
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46

Dahiya, Surbhi. Indian Media Giants. Oxford University PressDelhi, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190132620.001.0001.

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Abstract The establishment of mass media organizations in India is contemporaneous with that of its counterparts in the developed world. Indian Media Giants: Unveiling the Business Dynamics of Print Legacies is an analytical chronicle of six Indian mega media conglomerates' individual odyssey from their humble, incipient beginnings in the pre-independence era to their transformation into powerful business empires in the digitised world. The book traces Indian Media metamorphosis, the birth, phase-wise contours of growth and development, travails and trajectories, organizational structures, editorial policies and business dynamics of print majors in India, namely, The Times Group, The Hindu Group, The Hindustan Times Limited, The Indian Express Group, Dainik Jagran Limited and DB Corp Limited. It unravels their understanding of the values of co-dependence, collaboration, and competition with their contemporaries. It is an untold story of how these organizations leapt over the perimeters of conventional greatness to achieve unmeasured success that spans the globe. The book analyses how innovations have been brought in the management policies of these print businesses, with respect to production, distribution, consumption, while accrediting the visionary leadership that drives each organisation forward in its endeavours. What the case studies also details, is the wide extent of strategic intent enunciation; the role of product lines, development and diversification into radio, TV, digital and other segments; geographical spread, expansion, regional penetration and international footprint; the role of technological advancements in throwing up unimaginably new business opportunities; strategic alliances, mergers, acquisitions, joint ventures and takeovers; manpower management policies; CSR activities and financial performance of these media giants. The theoretical implications of the growth of media organisations in terms of the nature of mass media and its products are also underlined. The book focuses on the theoretical framework of media management and pays attention on the changing media management practices from one era to another, gradually orienting and re-orienting the strategic positioning of respective media giants to the pulse of the media market and the opportunities under various regulatory regimes. It is replete with the meticulous analysis of the editorial values and business dynamics upon which their legacies are founded, changing business models adopted by the media moguls, the ripples they have created in the media world and how they are constantly being modified to suit the tastes of the modernising market. With this, and more, Indian Media Giants is a holistic compendium that offers multiple perspectives on how print media organizations in India have grown from strength to strength and have become platform agnostic. The book also details the changing media landscape in India and also underlines the efforts of media giants in retaining print while embracing the digital. The book will be of immense value to the academic fraternity and industry professionals to gain an incisive as well as panoptic view and understanding of the Indian media conglomerates. Compressed in these pages is the analytical story of the past, present and future of the Indian print legacies for the pleasure and curiosity of the readers.
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Faust, Lisa J., Claudine André, Raphaël Belais, Fanny Minesi, Zjef Pereboom, Kerri Rodriguez, and Brian Hare. Bonobo population dynamics: Past patterns and future predictions for the Lola ya Bonobo population using demographic modelling. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198728511.003.0018.

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Wildlife sanctuaries rescue, rehabilitate, reintroduce and provide life-long care for orphaned and injured animals. Understanding a sanctuary’s population dynamics—patterns in arrival, mortality and projected changes in population size—allows careful planning for future needs. Building on previous work on the population dynamics of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in sanctuaries of the Pan African Sanctuary Alliance (PASA; Faust et al. 2011), this chapter extends analyses to the only PASA bonobo sanctuary. Its authors analysed historic demographic patterns and projected future population dynamics using an individual-based demographic model. The population has been growing at 6.7 per cent per year, driven by arrivals of new individuals (mean = 5.5 arrivals per year). Several model scenarios projecting varying arrival rates, releases and breeding scenarios clarify potential future growth trajectories for the sanctuary. This research illustrates how data on historic dynamics can be modelled to inform future sanctuary capacity and management needs. Les sanctuaires de faune secourent, réhabilitent, réintroduisent, et fournissent des soins pour toute la vie aux animaux orphelins et blessés. Comprendre les dynamiques de la population d’un sanctuaire—les motifs d’arrivée, mortalité, et de changements projetés de la taille de la population—permet une planification prudente pour les nécessités du futur. En se basant sur le travail déjà fait sur les dynamiques de la population chimpanzé (Pan troglodytes) dans les sanctuaires du Pan African Sanctuary Alliance (PASA; Faust et al. 2011), nous étendons notre analyse au seul sanctuaire bonobo par PASA. Nous avons analysé les motifs démographiques historiques et avons projeté les futures dynamiques de la population en utilisant un modèle démographique basé sur l’individu. La population augmente de 6.7 per cent par an, poussée par l’arrivée de nouveaux individus (moyenne = 5.5 arrivées par an). Plusieurs scénarios modèles montrent une trajectoire de potentielle croissance pour le sanctuaire. Cette recherche illustre comment modeler les données sur les dynamiques historiques pour informer la capacité future du sanctuaire et les besoins gestionnaires.
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Dokko, Gina, and Winnie Jiang. Managing Talent across Organizations. Edited by David G. Collings, Kamel Mellahi, and Wayne F. Cascio. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198758273.013.11.

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What do talented employees carry with them as they move across organizations? How portable are their expertise, resources, and performance? As organizations’ needs for talent grow and individuals’ career trajectories become increasingly diverse, these questions become more important. In this chapter, we draw from career-mobility research and develop a framework that considers the human capital, social capital, and identity issues in talent movement. We also provide implications for organizations as talent enters and exits an organization. In sum, we suggest that intake of talent per se does not necessarily lead to successful acquisition and utilization of the talent’s capital. Conversely, departure of talent does not mean an absolute loss to organizations—losing talent can potentially bring organizations unexpected gains, such as new social resources.
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Weatherall, Kimberlee. The Emergence and Development of Intellectual Property Law in Australia and New Zealand. Edited by Rochelle Dreyfuss and Justine Pila. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198758457.013.17.

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This chapter provides both an overview of the history of intellectual property (IP) laws in Australia and New Zealand, and pathways into existing and emerging scholarship in this area. It discusses convergence and divergence in copyright, patent and trademark legislation and case law between Britain and these two former colonies, from early colonial experimentation to the long period of closely mirroring UK reforms. In the late twentieth century, both countries developed more distinctive IP laws, and diverged on a range of fundamental questions. In the twenty-first century, trade policy—trans-Tasman and global—has created pressures for convergence, but as the countries have grown apart, more perhaps than many realize, so there is considerable resistance to unifying projects. The chapter closes with a discussion of the different trajectories in how IP and indigenous cultural and knowledge systems interface in Australia and New Zealand.
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