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Journal articles on the topic 'Grunts'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Bordenave, Diane, and Lorraine McCune. "Grunt Vocalizations in Children With Disabilities: Relationships With Assessed Cognition and Language." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 64, no. 11 (2021): 4138–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2021_jslhr-21-00202.

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Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of the grunt vocalizations to cognitive and expressive language status in children with disabilities. Children with typical development produce communicative grunts at the onset of referential word production and comprehension at 14–16 months of age and continue to use this vocalization for communication as they develop language. Method All grunt vocalizations produced by 26 children with disabilities (mental age: 3–56 months; communicative age: 47–69 months) were identified from video-recorded seminaturalistic play sessions

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Fine, Michael L., and Tyler D. Waybright. "Grunt variation in the oyster toadfishOpsanus tau: effect of size and sex." PeerJ 3 (October 15, 2015): e1330. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1330.

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As in insects, frogs and birds, vocal activity in fishes tends to be more developed in males than in females, and sonic swimbladder muscles may be sexually dimorphic, i.e., either larger in males or present only in males. Male oyster toadfishOpsanus tauL produce a long duration, tonal boatwhistle advertisement call, and both sexes grunt, a short duration more pulsatile agonistic call. Sonic muscles are present in both sexes but larger in males. We tested the hypothesis that males would call more than females by inducing grunts in toadfish of various sizes held in a net and determined incidence

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Hernandez, Keith M., Denise Risch, Danielle M. Cholewiak, et al. "Acoustic monitoring of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) in Massachusetts Bay: implications for management and conservation." ICES Journal of Marine Science 70, no. 3 (2013): 628–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fst003.

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Abstract Hernandez, K. M., Risch, D., Cholewiak, D. M., Dean, M. J., Hatch, L. T., Hoffman, W. S., Rice, A. N., Zemeckis, D., and Van Parijs, S. M. 2013. Acoustic monitoring of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) in Massachusetts Bay: implications for management and conservation. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 70: 628–635. Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) stocks in northeastern US waters are depleted and stock recovery has been slow; research into the spawning behaviour of this species can help inform conservation and management measures. Male cod produce low-frequency grunts during courtship and spawni

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Maurer, Leah, Matthew Dawson, Larry Boles, Stacy Knight, and Andrew Stamper. "Spawning of French grunts, Haemulon flavolineatum, in recirculating aquarium systems." PeerJ 8 (July 1, 2020): e9417. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9417.

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Background Because the French grunt, Haemulon flavolineatum, is an ecologically important reef fish prized by both recreational anglers and public aquariums, the wild population requires limits on harvests. Yet, the environmental conditions conducive for French grunt spawning in aquarium settings is not well understood. Therefore, the goal of this study was to document the conditions leading to voluntary spawning and the number of eggs produced by French grunts without the use of hormones or artificial insemination. Methods We hypothesized and verified that it is possible for French grunts to

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Chang, Hai-Jin, Hin-Kiu Mok, Michael L. Fine, Keryea Soong, Yu-Yun Chen, and Te-Yu Chen. "Vocal repertoire and sound characteristics in the variegated cardinalfish, Fowleria variegata (Pisces: Apogonidae)." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 152, no. 6 (2022): 3716–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0016441.

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The variegated cardinalfish Fowleria variegata produces grunt and hoot calls during agonistic and courtship interactions. Both sounds are tonal and occur as single and multiunit calls. Grunts are of short duration with variable frequency spectra. Hoots are longer, have a higher fundamental frequency, and a more developed harmonic structure. Agonistic grunt calls and short hoot calls (1–2 hoots) are produced during chases and when striking an individual or a mirror. Grunts are produced primarily in male-female and mirror-image encounters, and short hoot calls are produced primarily in male-male

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Habib, Kazi Ahsan, Md Jayedul Islam, Najmun Nahar, Mohammad Rashed, Amit Kumer Neogi, and Barry Russell. "Grunts (Actinopterygii: Perciformes: Haemulidae) of Bangladesh with two new distributional records from the northern Bay of Bengal assessed by morphometric characters and DNA barcoding." Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 51, no. 3 (2021): 299–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/aiep.51.67043.

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Grunts (family Haemulidae) are among the most commercially important fish in Bangladesh. This paper provides brief diagnostic characters of five previously reported grunt species: Plectorhinchus pictus (Thunberg, 1792); Pomadasys andamanensis McKay et Satapoomin, 1994; Pomadasys argenteus (Forsskål, 1775); Pomadasys argyreus (Valenciennes, 1833); Pomadasys maculatus (Bloch, 1793) and two new distributional records: Pomadasys guoraca (Cuvier, 1829) and Plectorhinchus macrospilus Satapoomin et Randall, 2000. The fishes were collected from the Saint Martin’s Island coral reef-like ecosystem and t

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Levinson, Nan. "Arts grunts." Index on Censorship 19, no. 10 (1990): 8–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03064229008534970.

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Schon, Peter-Christian, Tatjana Gromyko, Gerhard Manteuffel, and Birger Puppe. "COMMON FEATURES AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN NURSE GRUNTING OF DOMESTIC PIGS (SUS SCROFA): A MULTI-PARAMETRIC ANALYSIS." Behaviour 136, no. 1 (1999): 49–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853999500668.

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The nursing vocalisation of domestic pigs was investigated with respect to common features and individual differences. The sow's repeated grunting during nursing can be regarded as a contact call and a signal of the mother to start and synchronise the suckling behaviour of the piglets. Analyses in the time domain revealed the gross structure of the call, whereas in the frequency domain the fine structure of single grunts was investigated. Three parameter groups with parameter vectors extracted from single grunts centred around the maximum of the grunting rate were used for classification of fr

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Metlāns, Aigars, Ainars Skabs, Edmunds Teirumnieks, and Gunrads Vaļģis. "GRUNTS STIPRINĀŠANA AR ELEKTROOSMOTISKĀS METODES PALĪDZĪBU." Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 1 (June 20, 1999): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr1999vol1.1895.

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Daudzos gadījumos nepietiekoši nostiprinātas grunts dēļ notiek nogruvumi, kuri izraisa ēku, būvju daļēju vai pilnīgu sagraušanu. Šī problēma pastāvēja jau ļoti sen, bet asāk tā sāka izpausties tieši mūsu gadsimtā, sakarā ar ļoti straujo industrializāciju, kurai vajag gan daudz būvmateriālu, tādējādi izveidojas karjeri, gan arī nostiprināt tās platības, uz kurām tiks veikta ēku celtniecība.Lai gan pastāv ļoti daudzas grunts nostiprināšanas metodes, savā darbā mēs apskatījām tikai vienu - grunts masīva nostiprināšanas metodi ar elektroosmozes palīdzību, kurai tika veikti arī praktiskie eksperime

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Bolgan, Marta, Beatriz P. Pereira, Aurora Crucianelli, et al. "Vocal repertoire and consistency of call features in the meagre Argyrosomous regius (Asso, 1801)." PLOS ONE 15, no. 11 (2020): e0241792. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241792.

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Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM) is a non-intrusive and cost-effective method capable of providing high-resolution, long-term information on the status and health of vocal populations and communities. To successfully monitor the same species over wide geographical and temporal scales, it is necessary to characterise the range of sound variability, as well as the consistency of sound features between populations. The meagre (Argyrosomus regius, Asso 1801) is an interesting case study because recent investigations suggest a wider vocal repertoire than previously described. In this study, meagre

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Amorim, M. C. P., J. M. Simões, and P. J. Fonseca. "Acoustic communication in the Lusitanian toadfish, Halobatrachus didactylus: evidence for an unusual large vocal repertoire." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 88, no. 5 (2008): 1069–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315408001677.

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The Lusitanian toadfish Halobatrachus didactylus (Bloch & Schneider) (Batrachoididae) is a well-known sound producer that has an unusual large acoustic repertoire for fish. This repertoire consists so far of five distinct sound categories: boatwhistles, grunt trains, croaks, double croaks and a mixed grunt–croak call. Sixteen males that spontaneously occupied artificial concrete nests placed in the intertidal zone of the Tagus estuary (Portugal) were recorded over 8 days in June/July 2006. During the analysis of the recordings new sound emissions were found. Long grunt trains that sounded

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Krajewski, João Paulo, Roberta Martini Bonaldo, Cristina Sazima, and Ivan Sazima. "The association of the goatfish mulloidichthys martinicus with the grunt haemulon chrysargyreum: an example of protective mimicry." Biota Neotropica 4, no. 2 (2004): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1676-06032004000200016.

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A presumed example of protective mimicry between the yellow goatfish, Mulloidichthys martinicus (Mullidae) and the smallmouth grunt, Haemulon chrysargyreum (Haemulidae) is described from Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, NE Brazil. The goatfish and the grunt share a similar overall shape and colour pattern. We found that these two species regularly form mixed schools around reefs. Additionally, when chased small groups of yellow goatfish join schools of smallmouth grunts and behave like them. The colour and shape resemblances between the two species enable their mixed schooling, and enhance the

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Gustison, Morgan L., and Thore J. Bergman. "Divergent acoustic properties of gelada and baboon vocalizations and their implications for the evolution of human speech." Journal of Language Evolution 2, no. 1 (2017): 20–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jole/lzx015.

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Abstract Human speech has many complex spectral and temporal features traditionally thought to be absent in the vocalizations of other primates. Recent explorations of the vocal capabilities of non-human primates are challenging this view. Here, we continue this trend by exploring the spectro-temporal properties of gelada (Theropithecus gelada) vocalizations. First, we made cross-species comparisons of geladas, chacma baboons, and human vowel space area. We found that adult male and female gelada exhaled grunts–a call type shared with baboons—have formant profiles that overlap more with human

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Vieira, Pereira, Pousão-Ferreira, Fonseca, and Amorim. "Seasonal Variation of Captive Meagre Acoustic Signalling: A Manual and Automatic Recognition Approach." Fishes 4, no. 2 (2019): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fishes4020028.

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Many species rely on acoustic communication to fulfil several functions such as advertisement and mediation of social interactions (e.g., agonistic, mating). Therefore, fish calls can be an important source of information, e.g., to recognize reproductive periods or to assess fish welfare, and should be considered a potential non-intrusive tool in aquaculture management. Assessing fish acoustic activity, however, often requires long sound recordings. To analyse these long recordings automatic methods are invaluable tools to detect and extract the relevant biological information. Here we present

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Knight, K. "French grunts grind teeth." Journal of Experimental Biology 217, no. 21 (2014): 3769. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.115386.

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CAWLEY, CAITLIN. "Who Is the Soldier? Documenting American “Grunts” from Dispatches to Restrepo." Journal of American Studies 54, no. 2 (2019): 351–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875819000069.

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This article compares the ways Michael Herr in Dispatches (1977) and Tim Hetherington and Sebastian Junger in Restrepo (2010) represent American soldiers in the context of military professionalization following the establishment of the AVF. These works are seminal landmarks of the grunt's-eye-view genre, but they produce the average soldier's subjectivity and identity very differently and, in turn, foster different relationships between their American audiences and this figure. Herr, I argue, represents the “grunts” of Vietnam as we all while Restrepo’s directors portray the Army platoon in Af

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SHILLITO WALSER, Elizabeth E. "Recognition of the Sow's Voice By Neonatal Piglets." Behaviour 99, no. 3-4 (1986): 177–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853986x00540.

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AbstractPiglets were tested for recognition of their sow's voice at 1, 2 & 6 days of age. Each piglet was tested individually by playing one minute of recorded grunts from its own sow and one minute of recordings from an alien sow, compared with a one minute period alone with no sound. The vocalizations of the piglets were recorded and analysed. Some piglets responded to their own sow's voice by making rapid 'quacking' grunts which differed in tone from the 'closed mouth grunts' made alone; some piglets responded by orientation and movements towards the sound. At one day old 29% piglets re

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Pagel, Mark. "Language: Points, grunts and speaks." Nature 543, no. 7647 (2017): 620–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/543620a.

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Fugo, Richard J. "Grunts can be heroes, too!" Comprehensive Therapy 28, no. 2 (2002): 94–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12019-002-0046-4.

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Belmonte-Ávila, Juan F. "Meaningful Grunts and Radical “Blehs”." Journal of Sound and Music in Games 5, no. 2 (2024): 49–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jsmg.2024.5.2.49.

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This article studies the radical identity-making potential of noise and nonhuman sound in video games. To do so, this article focuses on the oral production of the rabbid protagonists—mischievous humanoid rabbits easily identifiable by their constant and cacophonic sound making—in the Mario + Rabbids series. The rabbids’ constant shouts, grunts, and cries serve as great examples of the potential of nonhuman noise and sound to not only reproduce identities that escape from human-centric conceptions of being, but, more importantly, to invite players to see all identities—including their own—as p

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Świrgoń-Skok, Renata. "Prawne określenia gruntu jako nieruchomości w prawie rzymskim." Czasopismo Prawno-Historyczne 58, no. 1 (2006): 151–63. https://doi.org/10.14746/cph.2006.1.7.

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Za nieruchomość w prawie rzymskim uznawane były tylko grunty. Natomiast przez grunt rozumiano pewną ograniczoną część powierzchni ziemskiej ze wszystkim, co z nią jest połączone w sposób naturalny lub sztuczny, np. budynki na fundamentach, drzewa rosnące w ziemi, rośliny. Wszelkie ruchomości znajdujące się na powierzchni gruntu i trwale z nim złączone, na podstawie reguły superficies solo cedit, przypadały gruntowi i jego właścicielowi.

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Harcourt, A. H., and K. J. Stewart. "Function and Meaning of Wild Gorilla 'Close' Calls." Behaviour 133, no. 11-12 (1996): 827–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853996x00260.

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We investigate the social significance of the within group ('close') calls of gorillas by examining correlates of calling with dominance rank and with relatedness of adults, and by examining whether the outcomes of interactions between adults differ depending on the calls given during the interactions. In two wild gorilla groups, the majority of adults give most of their calls when near another adult and fully in sight of them. Thus gorillas' use 'close' calls as more than mere contact calls. An adult gorilla's use of 'close' calls correlates with its own and with its partner's dominance rank,

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Zayas Santiago, Carlos M., Richard S. Appeldoorn, Michelle T. Schärerer-Umpierre, and Juan J. Cruz-Motta. "Red hind Epinephelus guttatus Vocal Repertoire Characterization, Behavior and Temporal Patterns." Gulf and Caribbean Research 31 (2020): GCFI31—GCFI41. http://dx.doi.org/10.18785/gcr.3101.17.

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Passive acoustic monitoring provides a method for studying grouper courtship associated sounds (CAS). For Red Hind (Epinephelus guttatus), this approach has documented spatio—temporal patterns in their spawning aggregations. This study described vocalizations produced by E. guttatus and their respective behavioral contexts in field and laboratory studies. Five sound types were identified, which included 4 calls recorded in captivity and one sound recorded in the wild, labeled as Chorus. Additionally, the Grunt call type recorded was presumed to be produced by a female. Call types consisted of

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Zayas Santiago, Carlos M., Richard S. Appeldoorn, Michelle T. Schärerer-Umpierre, and Juan J. Cruz-Motta. "Red hind Epinephelus guttatus Vocal Repertoire Characterization, Behavior and Temporal Patterns." Gulf and Caribbean Research 31 (2020): GCFI31—GCFI41. http://dx.doi.org/10.18785/gcr.3101.17.

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Passive acoustic monitoring provides a method for studying grouper courtship associated sounds (CAS). For Red Hind (Epinephelus guttatus), this approach has documented spatio—temporal patterns in their spawning aggregations. This study described vocalizations produced by E. guttatus and their respective behavioral contexts in field and laboratory studies. Five sound types were identified, which included 4 calls recorded in captivity and one sound recorded in the wild, labeled as Chorus. Additionally, the Grunt call type recorded was presumed to be produced by a female. Call types consisted of

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Chlébowski, Aurélie. "The meaning of „nasal grunts” in the NECTE corpus. A preliminary perceptual investigation." Research in Language 14, no. 1 (2016): 43–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rela-2016-0001.

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This paper reports a perceptual evaluation of the meanings conveyed by the acoustic components of “nasal grunts” (Chlebowski and Ballier 2015), i.e., non-lexical conversational sounds realised with a nasal feature (e.g. <ehm>, <uhhuh>, <mmhm>). This study follows the experimental investigation conducted by Chlebowski and Ballier (2015) on the acoustic components of such sounds in the PVC project (Milroy et al. 1997), which is part of the NECTE corpus (Allen et al. 2007). In accordance with current claims in the literature, they ascribed meanings to these acoustic features, e.

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Mills, Georgina. "Translating grunts into emotions in pigs." Veterinary Record 190, no. 6 (2022): 224–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/vetr.1590.

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Stein, A. H. "Grits and Grunts: Folkloric Key West." Oral History Review 37, no. 1 (2010): 150–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ohr/ohq020.

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Pulver, S. "CHAOTIC GRUNTS FROM TWO-VOICED TOADFISH." Journal of Experimental Biology 214, no. 19 (2011): v—vi. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.049965.

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Corkeron, Peter J., and Sofie M. Van Parijs. "Vocalizations of eastern Australian Risso's dolphins, Grampus griseus." Canadian Journal of Zoology 79, no. 1 (2001): 160–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z00-180.

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Recordings were made from a group of Risso's dolphins (Grampus griseus) off the coast of Newcastle, Australia, between 30 Hz and 22 kHz. Risso's dolphins exhibited seven separate vocalisation types: broadband clicks, barks, buzzes, grunts, chirps, whistles, and simultaneous whistle + burst-pulse sounds. Broadband clicks were highly variable in duration, with a frequency range of 6 to >22 kHz. Bark vocalisations consisted of highly variable burst pulses, with durations ranging from 0.2 to 7.4 s and a frequency range of 2-20 kHz. Buzz vocalisations were clearly stereotyped, consisting of a sh

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Khakimov, G'.A. Khajiev N.M. "CHANGE IN THE CONSISTENCY CHARACTERISTICS OF THE WETTED LUSSIC BASES (GRUNTS) OF BUILDINGS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF SEISMIC FORCES." ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE 1, no. 13 (2022): 261–67. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7127288.

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Here are the results of the research work carried out on the change in the consistency characteristics of the soaked lyosoid bases (grunts) in relation to different factors at times when seismic forces were affected.

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Birkhead, Douglas. "From Grunts to Gigabytes: Communications and Society." American Journalism 15, no. 2 (1998): 107–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08821127.1998.10731975.

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Sanciangco, Millicent D., Luiz A. Rocha, and Kent E. Carpenter. "A molecular phylogeny of the Grunts (Perciformes: Haemulidae) inferred using mitochondrial and nuclear genes." Zootaxa 2966, no. 1 (2011): 37–50. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2966.1.4.

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Sanciangco, Millicent D., Rocha, Luiz A., Carpenter, Kent E. (2011): A molecular phylogeny of the Grunts (Perciformes: Haemulidae) inferred using mitochondrial and nuclear genes. Zootaxa 2966 (1): 37-50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2966.1.4, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2966.1.4

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Gosset, Delphine, Isabelle Fornasieri, and Jean-Jacques Roeder. "Acoustic structure and contexts of emission of vocal signals by black lemurs." Evolution of Communication 4, no. 2 (2001): 225–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eoc.4.2.06gos.

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We investigated the vocal repertoire of a Malagasy primate: the black lemur (Eulemur macaco macaco). The first study allowed the characterization of 16 different vocal signals on the basis of acoustic parameters. Black lemurs emit sparse harmonic sounds, dense harmonic sounds, spectrally structured noise (Beeman, 1998) and a wide variety of grunts. The second study focused on the behavioral context of emission of these signals and used the pre- and post-event histogram method (Douglass and Sudd, 1980; Preuschoft, 1995a). It provides statistical demonstration of the association between a signal

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Bernal, Moisés A., Groves B. Dixon, Mikhail V. Matz, and Luiz A. Rocha. "Comparative transcriptomics of sympatric species of coral reef fishes (genus: Haemulon)." PeerJ 7 (March 1, 2019): e6541. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6541.

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Background Coral reefs are major hotspots of diversity for marine fishes, yet there is still ongoing debate on the mechanisms that promote divergence in these rich ecosystems. Our understanding of how diversity originates in this environment could be enhanced by investigating the evolutionary dynamics of closely related fishes with overlapping ranges. Here, we focus on grunts of the genus Haemulon, a group of coral reef fishes with 15 species in the Western Atlantic, 11 of which are syntopic. Methods Wild fish samples from three sympatric species of the Caribbean: Haemulon flavolineatum, H. ca

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Barker, Emma V. "From Grunts to Words: Experiments in Laryngeal Transplantation." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 89, no. 3 (2007): 197–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/003588407x183256.

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INTRODUCTION Laryngeal transplantation remains an increasingly viable option for patients with irreversible disease or damage to the larynx. Successful organ transplantation relies on minimising surgical, ischaemic and immunological insults. The inherent immunogenicity of an organ is dependent on the amount of immunologically active cells within it. The presence of immunologically active cells within non-transplanted NIH-minipigs was investigated and an in vivo laryngeal transplant model was developed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Quantitative, multiple-colour immunofluorescence using pig-specific mo

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Hein, Richard G. "Mobbing Behavior in Juvenile French Grunts (Haemulon flavolineatum)." Copeia 1996, no. 4 (1996): 989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1447662.

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Freedman, Lawrence D., Robert D. Kaplan, and Rob Schultheis. "Imperial Grunts: The American Military on the Ground." Foreign Affairs 84, no. 6 (2005): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20031794.

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Fudge, Susan B., and George A. Rose. "Passive- and active-acoustic properties of a spawning Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) aggregation." ICES Journal of Marine Science 66, no. 6 (2009): 1259–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsp097.

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Abstract Fudge, S. B., and Rose, G. A. 2009. Passive- and active-acoustic properties of a spawning Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) aggregation. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 1259–1263. A spawning aggregation of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) was observed at depths of 40–50 m with passive- and active-acoustic sensors at the Bar Haven grounds in Placentia Bay, Newfoundland, in April 2003. A hydrophone was positioned on the seabed beneath the aggregation, while a 38-kHz split-beam echosounder was moored at the sea surface above it for 18.5 h. Ten grunts were recorded with peak frequencies rangin

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Hossain, Shaik Asif, and Monir Hossen. "Statistical Processing of Different Sounds of Vocalizing Fish and Mammals to Estimate Their Population Size With Two Acoustic Sensors." Marine Technology Society Journal 53, no. 4 (2019): 68–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.53.4.12.

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AbstractFish and mammals have an enormous impact on marine ecosystems. A proper estimation of their population size is necessary, not only for their ecological values but also for commercial purposes. Most conventional techniques for estimating fish population are visual sampling techniques, the environmental DNA (eDNA) technique, minnow traps, the removal method of population estimation, and echo integration techniques, all of which are sometimes complex and costly, require human interaction, and can be harmful for marine species. In order to overcome these limitations, in this paper, a passi

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Gwinn, Nancy E. "From Grunts to Gigabytes: Communications and Society. Dan Lacy." Library Quarterly 67, no. 4 (1997): 399–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/629978.

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Coghlan, Andy. "Zoologger: the secret of the koala's deep seductive grunts." New Scientist 220, no. 2946 (2013): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(13)62841-9.

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CHENEY, DOROTHY L., and ROBERT M. SEYFARTH. "Reconciliatory grunts by dominant female baboons influence victims' behaviour." Animal Behaviour 54, no. 2 (1997): 409–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/anbe.1996.0438.

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McFarland, William N., and Christina M. Wahl. "Visual constraints on migration behavior of juvenile French grunts." Environmental Biology of Fishes 46, no. 2 (1996): 109–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00005213.

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Parrish, David O. "The AMA Specialty Journals: Everyone, Including Grunts, Squeals Unfair." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 264, no. 20 (1990): 2626. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1990.03450200034022.

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Caccamise, William C. "The AMA Specialty Journals: Everyone, Including Grunts, Squeals Unfair." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 264, no. 20 (1990): 2626. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1990.03450200034023.

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Shapiro, Stuart A. "The AMA Specialty Journals: Everyone, Including Grunts, Squeals Unfair." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 264, no. 20 (1990): 2627. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1990.03450200034024.

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Sklaroff, Robert B. "The AMA Specialty Journals: Everyone, Including Grunts, Squeals Unfair." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 264, no. 20 (1990): 2627. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1990.03450200034025.

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Turner, Richard. "The AMA Specialty Journals: Everyone, Including Grunts, Squeals Unfair." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 264, no. 20 (1990): 2627. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1990.03450200034026.

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Lal, Agnieszka. "Modyfikacja składu granulometrycznego i właściwości geotechnicznych gruntu niespoistego za pomocą dodatku pyłu." Budownictwo i Architektura 17, no. 4 (2019): 047–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.24358/bud-arch_18_174_05.

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Abstract:

Istotną, z praktycznego punktu widzenia, właściwością gruntów stosowanych jako materiał nasypowy lub zasypowy w budownictwie ziemnym jest zagęszczalność. Wskaźnik uziarnienia wykorzystywanych w tym celu piasków, pospółek lub żwirów charakteryzuje się stosunkowo niewielką wartością, zazwyczaj wahającą się w granicach 2,5–4,0, co pozwala na określenie ich jako trudno lub średnio zagęszczalnych. W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań, jakie przeprowadzono w celu określenia wpływu modyfi kacji składu granulometrycznego gruntu niespoistego – piasku średniego, za pomocą dodatku pyłu lessowego na zagęszc

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Fischer, Julia, Franziska Wegdell, Franziska Trede, Federica Dal Pesco, and Kurt Hammerschmidt. "Vocal convergence in a multi-level primate society: insights into the evolution of vocal learning." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287, no. 1941 (2020): 20202531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.2531.

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Abstract:

The extent to which nonhuman primate vocalizations are amenable to modification through experience is relevant for understanding the substrate from which human speech evolved. We examined the vocal behaviour of Guinea baboons, Papio papio , ranging in the Niokolo Koba National Park in Senegal. Guinea baboons live in a multi-level society, with units nested within parties nested within gangs. We investigated whether the acoustic structure of grunts of 27 male baboons of two gangs varied with party/gang membership and genetic relatedness. Males in this species are philopatric, resulting in incre

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