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1

te Vrugt, Michael, Gyula I. Tóth, and Raphael Wittkowski. "Master equations for Wigner functions with spontaneous collapse and their relation to thermodynamic irreversibility." Journal of Computational Electronics 20, no. 6 (2021): 2209–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10825-021-01804-6.

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AbstractWigner functions, allowing for a reformulation of quantum mechanics in phase space, are of central importance for the study of the quantum-classical transition. A full understanding of the quantum-classical transition, however, also requires an explanation for the absence of macroscopic superpositions to solve the quantum measurement problem. Stochastic reformulations of quantum mechanics based on spontaneous collapses of the wavefunction are a popular approach to this issue. In this article, we derive the dynamic equations for the four most important spontaneous collapse models—Ghirar
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2

J, Oukzon, Potapov A.A, and Podosenov S.A. "Schrodinger's cat paradox resolution using GRW collapse model." International Journal of Recent advances in Physics 3, no. 3 (2014): 17–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.14810/ijrap.2014.3302.

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3

Tumulka, Roderich. "On spontaneous wave function collapse and quantum field theory." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 462, no. 2070 (2006): 1897–908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2005.1636.

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One way of obtaining a version of quantum mechanics without observers, and thus of solving the paradoxes of quantum mechanics, is to modify the Schrödinger evolution by implementing spontaneous collapses of the wave function. An explicit model of this kind was proposed in 1986 by Ghirardi, Rimini & Weber (GRW), involving a nonlinear, stochastic evolution of the wave function. We point out how, by focusing on the essential mathematical structure of the GRW model and a clear ontology, it can be generalized to (regularized) quantum field theories in a simple and natural way.
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Piccirilli, María Pía, Gabriel León, Susana J. Landau, Micol Benetti, and Daniel Sudarsky. "Constraining quantum collapse inflationary models with current data: The semiclassical approach." International Journal of Modern Physics D 28, no. 02 (2019): 1950041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021827181950041x.

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The hypothesis of the self-induced collapse of the inflaton wave function was introduced as a candidate for the physical process responsible for the emergence of inhomogeneity and anisotropy at all scales. In particular, we consider different proposal for the precise form of the dynamics of the inflaton wave function: (i) the GRW-type collapse schemes proposals based on spontaneous individual collapses which generate nonvanishing expectation values of various physical quantities taken as ansatz modifications of the standard inflationary scenario; (ii) the proposal based on a Continuous Spontan
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Foukzon, Jaykov, Alex Potapov, Elena Men’kova, and Stanislav Podosenov. "Schrödinger’s Cat Paradox Resolution Using GRW Collapse Model: Von Neumann Measurement Postulate Revisited." Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 05, no. 02 (2017): 494–521. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jamp.2017.52044.

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6

Peng, Zong-kai, Zi-ke Liu, Bin-Bin Zhang, and He Gao. "GRBs from Collapse of Thorne–Żytkow–like Objects as the Aftermath of WD-NS Coalescence." Astrophysical Journal 967, no. 2 (2024): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad3ba6.

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Abstract The Type II gamma-ray burst (GRB) 200826A challenges collapsar models by questioning how they can generate a genuinely short-duration event. The other Type I GRB 211211A confused us with a kilonova signature observed in the afterglow of a long burst. Here, we propose a comprehensive model in which both bursts are the results of the collapse of Thorne–Żytkow–like objects (TZlOs). The TZlO consists of a central neutron star (NS), with a dense white dwarf (WD) material envelope, which is formed as the aftermath of a WD-NS coalescence. We find that the characteristics of the resultant GRB
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Gottlieb, Ore, Mathieu Renzo, Brian D. Metzger, Jared A. Goldberg, and Matteo Cantiello. "She’s Got Her Mother’s Hair: Unveiling the Origin of Black Hole Magnetic Fields through Stellar to Collapsar Simulations." Astrophysical Journal Letters 976, no. 1 (2024): L13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ad8563.

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Abstract Relativistic jets from a Kerr black hole (BH) following the core collapse of a massive star (“collapsar”) is a leading model for gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). However, the two key ingredients for a Blandford–Znajek-powered jet—rapid rotation and a strong magnetic field—seem mutually exclusive. Strong fields in the progenitor star’s core transport angular momentum outward more quickly, slowing down the core before collapse. Through innovative multidisciplinary modeling, we first use MESA stellar evolution models followed to core collapse to explicitly show that the small length scale of the
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Tanga, M., T. Krühler, P. Schady, et al. "The environment of the SN-less GRB 111005A at z = 0.0133." Astronomy & Astrophysics 615 (July 2018): A136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201731799.

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The collapsar model has proved highly successful in explaining the properties of long γ-ray bursts (GRBs), with the most direct confirmation being the detection of a supernova (SN) coincident with the majority of nearby long GRBs. Within this model, a long GRB is produced by the core-collapse of a metal-poor, rapidly rotating, massive star. The detection of some long GRBs in metal-rich environments, and more fundamentally the three examples of long GRBs (GRB 060505, GRB 060614 and GRB 111005A) with no coincident SN detection down to very deep limits is in strong contention with theoretical exp
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STAFF, J., B. NIEBERGAL, and R. OUYED. "A THREE-STAGE MODEL FOR THE INNER ENGINE OF GRBs: PROMPT EMISSION AND EARLY AFTERGLOW." International Journal of Modern Physics D 17, no. 09 (2008): 1383–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271808012954.

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We describe a model within the "quark-nova" scenario to interpret the recent observations of early X-ray afterglows of long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) with the Swift satellite. This is a three-stage model within the context of a core-collapse supernova. STAGE 1 is an accreting (proto-) neutron star leading to a possible delay between the core collapse and the GRB. STAGE 2 is accretion onto a quark star, launching an ultrarelativistic jet generating the prompt GRB. This jet also creates the afterglow as the jet interacts with the surrounding medium creating an external shock. Slower shells ejected
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10

Ivy Wang, Xiangyu, Bin-Bin Zhang, and Wei-Hua Lei. "GRB 200826A: A Precursor of a Long Gamma-Ray Burst with Missing Main Emission." Astrophysical Journal Letters 931, no. 1 (2022): L2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ac6c7e.

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Abstract The recently discovered peculiar gamma-ray burst GRB 200826A poses a dilemma for the collapsar model. Although all other characteristics of the burst are consistent with it being a Type II (i.e., collapse of a massive star) event, the observed duration of the event is only approximately 1 s, which is at odds with the predicted allowable timescale range for a collapsar event. To resolve this dilemma, this Letter proposes that the original burst could be an intrinsically long GRB comprising a precursor and a main emission phase. However, the main emission phase is missed due to either p
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11

Tsuruta, Sachiko, Shing-Chi Leung, and Ken’ichi Nomoto. "The collapsar model of gamma ray burst central engine." International Journal of Modern Physics D 27, no. 05 (2018): 1830004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271818300045.

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Gamma ray bursts (GRBs) are the most explosive and brightest known photon sources in the universe. The initial bursts of GRBs found so far typically have a spectral peak between [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]keV and 1[Formula: see text]MeV. Most of their gamma ray prompt emissions last for [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]s or less. The jets ejected from ‘the central engine’ are thought to be responsible for these bursts. According to the currently accepted scenario, a black hole produced by the merger of compact objects (such as black holes and/or neutron stars) is responsible fo
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12

Watson, D., J. P. U. Fynbo, C. C. Thöne, and J. Sollerman. "No supernovae detected in two long-duration gamma-ray bursts." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 365, no. 1854 (2007): 1269–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2006.1994.

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There is strong evidence that long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are produced during the collapse of a massive star. In the standard version of the collapsar model, a broad-lined and luminous Type Ic core-collapse supernova (SN) accompanies the GRB. This association has been confirmed in observations of several nearby GRBs. Recent observations show that some long-duration GRBs are different. No SN emission accompanied the long-duration GRBs 060505 and 060614 down to limits fainter than any known Type Ic SN and hundreds of times fainter than the archetypal SN 1998bw that accompanied GRB 9804
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13

Piran, Tsvi, Omer Bromberg, Ehud Nakar, and Re’em Sari. "The long, the short and the weak: the origin of gamma-ray bursts." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 371, no. 1992 (2013): 20120273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2012.0273.

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The origin of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is one of the most interesting puzzles in recent astronomy. During the last decade a consensus has formed that long GRBs (LGRBs) arise from the collapse of massive stars, and that short GRBs (SGRBs) have a different origin, most likely neutron star mergers. A key ingredient of the collapsar model that explains how the collapse of massive stars produces a GRB is the emergence of a relativistic jet that penetrates the stellar envelope. The condition that the emerging jet penetrates the envelope imposes strong constraints on the system. Using these constraint
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14

Wei, Yun-Feng, and Tong Liu. "Black Hole Hyperaccretion in Collapsars: A Review." Universe 8, no. 10 (2022): 529. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe8100529.

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The collapsar model is widely accepted as one of the standard scenarios for gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). In the massive collapsar scenario, the core will collapse to a black hole (BH) surrounded by a temporary hyperaccretion disk with a very high accretion rate. The newborn BH hyperaccretion system would launch the relativistic jets via neutrino annihilation and Blandford-Znajek (BZ) mechanism. At the initial accretion stage, the accretion disk should be a neutrino-dominated accretion flow (NDAF). If the jets can break out from the envelope and circumstellar medium, then a GRB will be triggered. I
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15

Mazzali, Paolo A. "Supernovae and Gamma-ray Bursts." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 7, S279 (2011): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921312012720.

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AbstractThe properties of the Supernovae discovered in coincidence with long-duration Gamma-ray Bursts and X-Ray Flashes are reviewed, and compared to those of SNe for which GRBs are not observed. The SNe associated with GRBs are of Type Ic, they are brighter than the norm, and show very broad absorption lines in their spectra, indicative of high expansion velocities and hence of large explosion kinetic energies. This points to a massive star origin, and to the birth of a black hole at the time of core collapse. There is strong evidence for gross asymmetries in the SN ejecta. The observational
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16

Masada, Youhei. "Dead zone formation and non-steady hyperaccretion in collapsar disks." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 4, S259 (2008): 119–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921309030269.

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AbstractIn ultra dense and hot region realized in stellar core-collapse, neutrino takes major role in energy and momentum transports. We investigate the growth of magnetorotational instability (MRI) in neutrino viscous matter by using linear theory. It is found from the local linear analysis that the neutrino viscosity can suppress the MRI in the regime of weak magnetic field (B ≪ 1014G). This suggest that MHD turbulence sustained by the MRI might not be driven efficiently in the neutrino viscous media. Applying this result to collapsar disk, which is known as the central engine of gamma-ray b
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17

Chrimes, A. A., E. R. Stanway, and J. J. Eldridge. "Binary population synthesis models for core-collapse gamma-ray burst progenitors." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 491, no. 3 (2019): 3479–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz3246.

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ABSTRACT Long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are understood to be the final fate for a subset of massive, stripped envelope, rapidly rotating stars. Beyond this, our knowledge of the progenitor systems is limited. Using the Binary Population and Spectral Synthesis (bpass) stellar evolution models, we investigate the possibility that some massive stars in binaries can maintain the angular momentum required for jet production, while still loosing their outer envelope through winds or binary interactions. We find that a total hydrogen mass of MH < 5 × 10−4 M⊙ and a helium ejecta mass fra
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18

Gao, H., W. H. Lei, S. Xiao, et al. "A 50 s Quasiperiodic Oscillation in the Early X-Ray Afterglow of GRB 220711B." Astrophysical Journal 985, no. 1 (2025): 33. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/adc4e2.

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Abstract It is generally believed that long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) originate from the core collapse of rapidly spinning massive stars, and at least some of them are powered by hyperaccreting black holes (BHs). However, definite proofs about the progenitor and central engine of these GRBs have not been directly observed in the past. Here, we report the existence of a quasiperiodic oscillation (QPO) signature with periodic frequency ∼0.02 Hz in the early X-ray afterglow phase of GRB 220711B. Such a low-frequency QPO likely signals the precession of a relativistic jet launched from a GR
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19

Wang, Chen-Yu, Yi-Han Iris Yin, Bin-Bin Zhang, et al. "Bridging the Gap: GRB 230812B—A 3 s Supernova-associated Burst Detected by the GRID Mission." Astrophysical Journal 980, no. 2 (2025): 212. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ada934.

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Abstract GRB 230812B, detected by the Gamma-Ray Integrated Detectors constellation mission, is an exceptionally bright gamma-ray burst (GRB) with a duration of only 3 s. Sitting near the traditional boundary (∼2 s) between long and short GRBs, GRB 230812B is notably associated with a supernova, indicating a massive star progenitor. This makes it a rare example of a short-duration GRB resulting from stellar collapse. Our analysis, using a time-evolving synchrotron model, suggests that the burst has an emission radius of approximately 1014.5 cm. We propose that the short duration of GRB 230812B
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Obergaulinger, M., and M. Á. Aloy. "Magnetorotational core collapse of possible GRB progenitors – III. Three-dimensional models." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 503, no. 4 (2021): 4942–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab295.

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ABSTRACT We explore the influence of non-axisymmetric modes on the dynamics of the collapsed core of rotating, magnetized high-mass stars in three-dimensional simulations of a rapidly rotating star with an initial mass of $M_{\rm {\small ZAMS}} = 35 \, \mathrm{M}_{\odot }$ endowed with four different pre-collapse configurations of the magnetic field, ranging from moderate to very strong field strength and including the field predicted by the stellar evolution model. The model with the weakest magnetic field achieves shock revival due to neutrino heating in a gain layer characterized by a large
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21

Aimuratov, Y., L. M. Becerra, C. L. Bianco, et al. "GRB-SN Association within the Binary-driven Hypernova Model." Astrophysical Journal 955, no. 2 (2023): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ace721.

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Abstract Observations of supernovae (SNe) Ic occurring after the prompt emission of long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are addressed within the binary-driven hypernova (BdHN) model where GRBs originate from a binary composed of a ∼10M ⊙ carbon–oxygen (CO) star and a neutron star (NS). The CO core collapse gives the trigger, leading to a hypernova with a fast-spinning newborn NS (νNS) at its center. The evolution depends strongly on the binary period, P bin. For P bin ∼ 5 min, BdHNe I occur with energies 1052–1054 erg. The accretion of SN ejecta onto the NS leads to its collapse, forming a black hole
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Petropoulou, M., P. Beniamini, G. Vasilopoulos, D. Giannios, and R. Barniol Duran. "Deciphering the properties of the central engine in GRB collapsars." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 496, no. 3 (2020): 2910–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa1695.

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ABSTRACT The central engine in long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is thought to be a compact object produced by the core collapse of massive stars, but its exact nature (black hole or millisecond magnetar) is still debatable. Although the central engine of GRB collapsars is hidden to direct observation, its properties may be imprinted on the accompanying electromagnetic signals. We aim to decipher the generic properties of central engines that are consistent with prompt observations of long GRBs detected by the Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) on board the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory. Adopting a gener
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Rueda, J. A., R. Ruffini, and Y. Wang. "Induced Gravitational Collapse, Binary-Driven Hypernovae, Long Gramma-ray Bursts and Their Connection with Short Gamma-ray Bursts." Universe 5, no. 5 (2019): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe5050110.

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There is increasing observational evidence that short and long Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) originate in different subclasses, each one with specific energy release, spectra, duration, etc, and all of them with binary progenitors. The binary components involve carbon-oxygen cores (CO core ), neutron stars (NSs), black holes (BHs), and white dwarfs (WDs). We review here the salient features of the specific class of binary-driven hypernovae (BdHNe) within the induced gravitational collapse (IGC) scenario for the explanation of the long GRBs. The progenitor is a CO core -NS binary. The supernova (SN)
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Fu, Shao-Yu, Dong Xu, Wei-Hua Lei, et al. "GRB 211024B: An Ultra-long GRB Powered by Magnetar." Astrophysical Journal 977, no. 2 (2024): 197. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad8886.

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Abstract Ultra-long gamma-ray bursts are characterized by exceptionally long-duration central engine activities, with characteristic timescales exceeding 1000 s. We present ground-based optical afterglow observations of the ultra-long gamma-ray burst GRB 211024B, detected by Swift. Its X-ray light curve exhibits a characteristic “internal plateau” with a shallow decay phase lasting approximately ∼15 ks, followed by a steep decline (α drop ∼ −7.5). Moreover, the early optical emission predicted by the late r-band optical afterglow is significantly higher than the observed value, indicating an e
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Jacquemin-Ide, Jonatan, Ore Gottlieb, Beverly Lowell, and Alexander Tchekhovskoy. "Collapsar Gamma-Ray Bursts Grind Their Black Hole Spins to a Halt." Astrophysical Journal 961, no. 2 (2024): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad02f0.

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Abstract The spin of a newly formed black hole (BH) at the center of a massive star evolves from its natal value due to two competing processes: accretion of gas angular momentum that increases the spin and extraction of BH angular momentum by outflows that decreases the spin. Ultimately, the final, equilibrium spin is set by a balance between both processes. In order for the BH to launch relativistic jets and power a γ-ray burst (GRB), the BH magnetic field needs to be dynamically important. Thus, we consider the case of a magnetically arrested disk (MAD) driving the spin evolution of the BH.
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Song, Xin-Ying, and Shuang-Nan Zhang. "GRB 221009A with an Unconventional Precursor: A Typical Two-stage Collapsar Scenario?" Astrophysical Journal 957, no. 1 (2023): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acfed7.

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Abstract As the brightest gamma-ray burst (GRB) ever detected, GRB 221009A may offer a chance that reveals some interesting features that are hidden in those bursts that are not so bright. There seems to be a very weak emission with a flux of 10−8 ∼ 10−7 erg cm−2 s−1 between the first pulse (T 0 ∼ T 0 + 50 s; T 0 is the trigger time) and the main burst (which appears from T 0 + 180 s). Thus, the gap time between them is not really quiescent, and the first pulse could be taken as an unconventional precursor, which may provide a peculiar case study for GRB precursor phenomena. A two-stage collap
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Mehta, Nishil, and Shabnam Iyyani. "Exploring Gamma-Ray Burst Diversity: Clustering Analysis of the Emission Characteristics of Fermi- and BATSE-detected Gamma-Ray Bursts." Astrophysical Journal 969, no. 2 (2024): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad43e7.

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Abstract Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), often attributed to massive star collapse or binary compact object mergers, exhibit diverse emission characteristics hinting at multiple GRB classes based on various factors like progenitors, radiation mechanisms, and central engines. This study employs unsupervised clustering using the nested Gaussian mixture model algorithm to analyze data from Fermi and BATSE, identifying four classes (A–D) based on duration, spectral peak, and spectral index of time-integrated spectra of GRBs. Class proportions are approximately 70%, 10%, 3%, and 17%, respectively, with A
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Fraija, N., B. Betancourt Kamenetskaia, A. Galvan-Gamez, et al. "GRB Afterglow of the Sub-relativistic Materials with Energy Injection." Astrophysical Journal 933, no. 2 (2022): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac714d.

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Abstract Sub-relativistic materials launched during the merger of binary compact objects and the core collapse of massive stars acquire velocity structures when expanding in a stratified environment. The remnant (either a spinning magnetized neutron star (NS) or a central black hole) from the compact object or core collapse could additionally inject energy into the afterglow via spin-down luminosity or/and by accreting fallback material, producing a refreshed shock, modifying the dynamics, and leading to rich radiation signatures at distinct timescales and energy bands with contrasting intensi
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Metha, Benjamin, and Michele Trenti. "One star, two stars, or both? Investigating metallicity-dependent models for gamma-ray burst progenitors with the IllustrisTNG simulation." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 495, no. 1 (2020): 266–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa1114.

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ABSTRACT The rate of long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) has been identified as a potential proxy for the star formation rate (SFR) across redshift, but the exact relationship depends on GRB progenitor models (single versus binary). The single-progenitor collapsar model accounts for the preference towards low-metallicity GRB progenitors, but is in apparent tension with some high-metallicity GRB host galaxy measurements. As a possible solution, we consider the scenario where high-metallicity GRB hosts harbour low-metallicity regions in which GRB progenitors form. For this, we use the Illustri
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Kann, D. A., P. Schady, E. F. Olivares, et al. "The optical/NIR afterglow of GRB 111209A: Complex yet not unprecedented." Astronomy & Astrophysics 617 (September 2018): A122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201731292.

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Context. Afterglows of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are simple in the most basic model, but can show many complex features. The ultra-long duration GRB 111209A, one of the longest GRBs ever detected, also has the best-monitored afterglow in this rare class of GRBs. Aims. We want to address the question whether GRB 111209A was a special event beyond its extreme duration alone, and whether it is a classical GRB or another kind of high-energy transient. The afterglow may yield significant clues. Methods. We present afterglow photometry obtained in seven bands with the GROND imager as well as in furthe
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Srinivasaragavan, Gokul P., Vishwajeet Swain, Brendan O’Connor, et al. "Characterizing the Ordinary Broad-line Type Ic SN 2023pel from the Energetic GRB 230812B." Astrophysical Journal Letters 960, no. 2 (2024): L18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ad16e7.

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Abstract We report observations of the optical counterpart of the long gamma-ray burst (GRB) GRB 230812B and its associated supernova (SN) SN 2023pel. The proximity (z = 0.36) and high energy (E γ,iso ∼ 1053 erg) make it an important event to study as a probe of the connection between massive star core collapse and relativistic jet formation. With a phenomenological power-law model for the optical afterglow, we find a late-time flattening consistent with the presence of an associated SN. SN 2023pel has an absolute peak r-band magnitude of M r = −19.46 ± 0.18 mag (about as bright as SN 1998bw)
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Wang, Yu, J. A. Rueda, R. Ruffini, et al. "GRB 190829A—A Showcase of Binary Late Evolution." Astrophysical Journal 936, no. 2 (2022): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac7da3.

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Abstract GRB 190829A is the fourth-closest gamma-ray burst to date (z = 0.0785). Owing to its wide range of radio, optical, X-ray, and very-high-energy observations by HESS, it has become an essential new source that has been examined by various models with complementary approaches. Here, we show in GRB 190829A that the double prompt pulses and the three multiwavelength afterglows are consistent with the type II binary-driven hypernova model. The progenitor is a binary composed of a carbon–oxygen (CO) star and a neutron star (NS) companion. The gravitational collapse of the iron core of the CO
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Dainotti, Maria Giovanna, Aditya Narendra, Agnieszka Pollo, et al. "Gamma-Ray Bursts as Distance Indicators by a Statistical Learning Approach." Astrophysical Journal Letters 967, no. 2 (2024): L30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ad4970.

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Abstract Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) can be probes of the early Universe, but currently, only 26% of GRBs observed by the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory have known redshifts (z) due to observational limitations. To address this, we estimated the GRB redshift (distance) via a supervised statistical learning model that uses optical afterglow observed by Swift and ground-based telescopes. The inferred redshifts are strongly correlated (a Pearson coefficient of 0.93) with the observed redshifts, thus proving the reliability of this method. The inferred and observed redshifts allow us to estimate the n
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Gottlieb, Ore, Amir Levinson, and Ehud Nakar. "Intermittent hydrodynamic jets in collapsars do not produce GRBs." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 495, no. 1 (2020): 570–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa1216.

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ABSTRACT Strong variability is a common characteristic of the prompt emission of gamma-ray bursts (GRB). This observed variability is widely attributed to an intermittency of the central engine, through formation of strong internal shocks in the GRB-emitting jet expelled by the engine. In this paper, we study numerically the propagation of hydrodynamic jets, injected periodically by a variable engine, through the envelope of a collapsed star. By post-processing the output of 3D numerical simulations, we compute the net radiative efficiency of the outflow. We find that all intermittent jets are
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Zou, Le, and Ji-Gui Cheng. "Quasiperiodic Oscillations in GRB 210514A: a Case of a Newborn Supramassive Precessing Magnetar Collapsing into a Black Hole?" Astrophysical Journal 973, no. 2 (2024): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad6dd9.

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Abstract Magnetar is proposed as one of the possible central engines for a gamma-ray burst (GRB). Recent studies show that if a magnetar has a rotational axis misaligned from the magnetic one, a periodic lightcurve pattern is expected with a period of seconds to minutes. Inspired by this unique feature, in this paper, we search for the quasiperiodic oscillation (QPO) signals in the Swift observations of GRBs. Using the Lomb–Scargle periodogram and the weighted wavelet Z-transform algorithms, we find that the Swift Burst Alert Telescope data of GRB 210514A has a QPO signal with a period ∼11 s.
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Deng, Q., Z. B. Zhang, X. J. Li, et al. "Reclassifying Swift Gamma-Ray Bursts with Diverse Duration Distributions." Astrophysical Journal 940, no. 1 (2022): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac9590.

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Abstract We select the largest sample of Swift gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) so far to reexamine the classification in terms of time duration, hardness ratio, and physical collapse model. To analyze the sample selection effect, we divide the observed Swift GRB sample into four subsamples according to signal-to-noise level, spectral quality, and extended emission. First, we find that only the sample of Swift GRBs with well-measured peak energy can be evidently divided into two types at a boundary of ∼1 s, and other data sets are well described by three Gaussian functions. Using Swift GRBs with known
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CHAKRABARTI, SANDIP K., and PANKAJ S. JOSHI. "NAKED SINGULARITIES AS CANDIDATES FOR GAMMA-RAY BURSTERS." International Journal of Modern Physics D 03, no. 03 (1994): 647–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271894000782.

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Naked singularities appear naturally in dynamically evolving solutions of Einstein equations involving gravitational collapse of radiation, dust, and perfect fluids provided the rate of accretion is less than a critical value. We propose that the gamma-ray bursters (GRBs) are examples of these naked singularity solutions. For illustration, we show that according to solutions involving spherically symmetric collapse of pure radiation field, the energy Eγ and the observed duration Δt0 of a GRB should satisfy, [Formula: see text] being the fraction (10−2 to 10−3) of energy released as gamma rays
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38

Kann, D. A., P. Schady, F. Olivares E., et al. "Highly luminous supernovae associated with gamma-ray bursts." Astronomy & Astrophysics 624 (April 2019): A143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201629162.

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Context. GRB 111209A, one of the longest gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) ever observed, is linked to SN 2011kl, which is the most luminous GRB supernova (SN) detected so far. Several lines of evidence indicate that this GRB-SN is powered by a magnetar central engine. Aims. We place SN 2011kl into the context of large samples of SNe, addressing in more detail the question of whether this GRB-SN could be radioactively powered, and whether it represents an extreme version of a GRB-SN or an underluminous superluminous SN (SLSN). Methods. We modelled SN 2011kl using SN 1998bw as a template and derived a bo
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Stratta, G., A. M. Nicuesa Guelbenzu, S. Klose, et al. "The Puzzling Long GRB 191019A: Evidence for Kilonova Light." Astrophysical Journal 979, no. 2 (2025): 159. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad9b7b.

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Abstract GRB 191019A was a long gamma-ray burst (GRB) lasting ~65 s and, as such, originally thought to be linked to a core-collapse supernova. However, even though follow-up observations identified the optical counterpart close to the bright nucleus of a nearby ancient galaxy (z = 0.248), no associated supernova was found. This led to the suggestion that the burst was caused by the merger of two compact stellar objects, likely in a dense circumnuclear environment. By using a recently developed diagnostic tool based on prompt emission temporal properties, we noticed that GRB 191019A falls amon
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Luo, Jia-Wei, Fei-Fei Wang, Jia-Ming Zhu-Ge, Ye Li, Yuan-Chuan Zou, and Bing Zhang. "Identifying the Physical Origin of Gamma-Ray Bursts with Supervised Machine Learning." Astrophysical Journal 959, no. 1 (2023): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad03ec.

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Abstract The empirical classification of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) into long and short GRBs based on their durations is already firmly established. This empirical classification is generally linked to the physical classification of GRBs originating from compact binary mergers and GRBs originating from massive star collapses, or Type I and II GRBs, with the majority of short GRBs belonging to Type I and the majority of long GRBs belonging to Type II. However, there is a significant overlap in the duration distributions of long and short GRBs. Furthermore, some intermingled GRBs, i.e., short-durat
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Dado, Shlomo, and Arnon Dar. "The Maximum Isotropic Equivalent Energy of Gamma-Ray Bursts." Astrophysical Journal Letters 940, no. 1 (2022): L4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ac98c8.

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Abstract In the cannonball model of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), a highly relativistic jet of plasmoids of ordinary stellar matter that is ejected during stellar collapse or shortly after by fallback matter, produces simultaneously a GRB and a cosmic-ray burst by scattering light and charged particles in its path. This association and the observed knee at ∼1 TeV in the energy spectrum of Galactic cosmic-ray electrons imply a maximum peak energy ∼2.25 MeV in the energy spectrum of GRBs in the 1 keV–10 MeV band. Such a peak energy and the Amati correlation in GRBs imply a maximum isotropic equivalen
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Li, Xiangyu, Tianjie Lei, Jing Qin, et al. "An Improved Combination Model for the Multi-Scale Prediction of Slope Deformation." Water 14, no. 22 (2022): 3667. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14223667.

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Slope collapse is one of the most severe natural disaster threats, and accurately predicting slope deformation is important to avoid the occurrence of disaster. However, the single prediction model has some problems, such as poor stability, lower accuracy and data fluctuation. Obviously, it is necessary to establish a combination model to accurately predict slope deformation. Here, we used the GFW-Fisher optimal segmentation method to establish a multi-scale prediction combination model. Our results indicated that the determination coefficient of linear combination model, weighted geometric av
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43

Rowlinson, A., R. L. C. Starling, K. Gourdji, et al. "LOFAR early-time search for coherent radio emission from short GRB 181123B." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 506, no. 4 (2021): 5268–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab2060.

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ABSTRACT The mergers of two neutron stars are typically accompanied by broad-band electromagnetic emission from either a relativistic jet or a kilonova. It has also been long predicted that coherent radio emission will occur during the merger phase or from a newly formed neutron star remnant; however, this emission has not been seen to date. This paper presents the deepest limits for this emission from a neutron star merger, following triggered LOFAR observations of the short gamma-ray burst 181123B, starting 4.4 min after the GRB occurred. During the X-ray plateau phase, a signature of ongoin
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James, Bestin, Agnieszka Janiuk, and Fatemeh Hossein Nouri. "Modeling the Gamma-Ray Burst Jet Properties with 3D General Relativistic Simulations of Magnetically Arrested Accretion Flows." Astrophysical Journal 935, no. 2 (2022): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac81b7.

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Abstract We investigate the dependence of the gamma-ray burst (GRB) jet structure and its evolution on the properties of the accreting torus in the central engine. Our models numerically evolve the accretion disk around a Kerr black hole using three-dimensional general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations. We use two different analytical hydrodynamical models of the accretion disk, based on the Fishbone–Moncrief and Chakrabarti solutions, as our initial states for the structure of the collapsar disk and the remnant after a binary neutron star (BNS) merger, respectively. We impose poloi
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Srinivasaragavan, Gokul P., Brendan O’Connor, S. Bradley Cenko, et al. "A Sensitive Search for Supernova Emission Associated with the Extremely Energetic and Nearby GRB 221009A." Astrophysical Journal Letters 949, no. 2 (2023): L39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/accf97.

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Abstract We report observations of the optical counterpart of the long gamma-ray burst GRB 221009A. Due to the extreme rarity of being both nearby (z = 0.151) and highly energetic (E γ,iso ≥ 1054 erg), GRB 221009A offers a unique opportunity to probe the connection between massive star core collapse and relativistic jet formation across a very broad range of γ-ray properties. Adopting a phenomenological power-law model for the afterglow and host galaxy estimates from high-resolution Hubble Space Telescope imaging, we use Bayesian model comparison techniques to determine the likelihood of an as
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46

Kim, Yunjee, and Moung-Jin Lee. "Rapid Change Detection of Flood Affected Area after Collapse of the Laos Xe-Pian Xe-Namnoy Dam Using Sentinel-1 GRD Data." Remote Sensing 12, no. 12 (2020): 1978. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12121978.

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Water-related disasters occur frequently worldwide and are strongly affected by a climate. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellite images can be effectively used to monitor and detect damage because these images are minimally affected by weather. This study analyzed changes in water quantity and flooded area caused by the collapse of the Xe-Pian Xe-Namnoy Dam in Laos on 23 July 2018, using Sentinel-1 ground range detected (GRD) images. The collapse of this dam gained worldwide attention and led to a large number of casualties at least 98 people, as well as enormous economic losses. Thus, it i
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47

NAGATAKI, SHIGEHIRO. "GRB-SN CONNECTION: CENTRAL ENGINE OF LONG GRBs AND EXPLOSIVE NUCLEOSYNTHESIS." International Journal of Modern Physics D 20, no. 10 (2011): 1975–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271811020032.

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I have developed two-dimensional general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) code. I have performed numerical simulations of collapsars using these codes and realistic progenitor models. In the GRMHD simulation, it is shown that a jet is launched from the center of the progenitor. We also performed two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations in the context of collapsar model to investigate the explosive nucleosynthesis happened there. It is found that the amount of 56 Ni is very sensitive to the energy deposition rate. This result means that the amount of synthesized 56 Ni can be little even
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48

Günday, Furkan. "Investigation of GRC Retrofitting Effect on Masonry Dome Using FEM." International Conference on Applied Engineering and Natural Sciences 1, no. 1 (2023): 926–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.59287/icaens.1111.

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Historical buildings are the cultural heritage of the world. Preservation of historical buildings is important in the past and today. In particular, material fatigue, environmental vibration effects and natural disasters that occur over time cause great damage to historical structures. It is thought that many historical buildings will not reach the next years due to neglect. In order to prevent this situation, historical buildings should be maintained and strengthened if necessary. In addition, historical buildings should have sufficient stiffness to prevent collapse against pre-disaster situa
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SAHU, SARIRA. "MULTI-GeV NEUTRINOS DUE TO $n\bar n$ OSCILLATION IN GAMMA-RAY BURST FIREBALLS." Modern Physics Letters A 22, no. 40 (2007): 3065–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021773230702378x.

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The long and short gamma-ray bursts are believed to be produced due to collapse of massive stars and merger of compact binaries respectively. All these objects are rich in neutron and the jet outflow from these objects must have a neutron component in it. By postulating the [Formula: see text] oscillation in the gamma-ray burst fireball, we show that, 19–38 GeV neutrinos and anti-neutrinos can be produced due to annihilation of anti-neutrons with the background neutrons. These neutrinos and anti-neutrinos will be produced before the 5–10 GeV neutrinos due to dynamical decoupling of neutrons fr
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Song, Cui-Ying, and Tong Liu. "Long-duration Gamma-Ray Burst Progenitors and Magnetar Formation." Astrophysical Journal 952, no. 2 (2023): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acd6ee.

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Abstract Millisecond magnetars produced in the center of dying massive stars are one prominent model to power gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). However, their detailed nature remains a mystery. To explore the effects of the initial mass, rotation rate, wind mass loss, and metallicity on the GRB progenitors and the newborn magnetar properties, we evolve 227 of 10–30 M ⊙ single star models from the pre-main sequence to core collapse by using the stellar evolution code MESA. The presupernova properties, the compactness parameter, and the magnetar characteristics of models with different initial parameters
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