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Journal articles on the topic 'Guadalcanal Island (Solomon Islands)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Hájek, Jiří, Helena Shaverdo, Lars Hendrich, and Michael Balke. "A review of Copelatus diving beetles from the Solomon Islands, reporting the discovery of six new species (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae, Copelatinae)." ZooKeys 1023 (March 11, 2021): 81–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1023.61478.

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The first account of the genus Copelatus Erichson, 1832 in the Solomon Islands is provided, reporting 10 species for the Archipelago. Six of these are new to science: C. baranensissp. nov., C. laevipennissp. nov., C. urceolussp. nov., and C. variistriatussp. nov. from Guadalcanal and C. bougainvillensissp. nov., and C. kietensissp. nov. from Bougainville. Copelatus tulagicus Guignot, 1942, described from Tulaghi Island of the Solomons, is recorded from Guadalcanal and Santa Isabel for the first time. The widely distributed Australasian C. portior Guignot, 1956 is reported from the Solomon Islands (Guadalcanal and Ontong Java Atoll) for the first time. Two species from Guadalcanal remain unidentified since they are so far known only from a limited number of females.

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2

JOHANSON, KJELL ARNE, and MARIANNE ESPELAND. "Description of new Chimarra (Trichoptera: Philopotamidae) species from the Solomon Islands." Zootaxa 2638, no. 1 (October 6, 2010): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2638.1.2.

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Nine new species of Chimarra (Philopotamidae) are described from the Solomon Islands. Chimarra maculata, C. veveensis, C. babarensis, and C. ventrospina are described from Kolombangara Island; and C. talinensis, C. kolombangensis, C. vitapinensis, C. solomonensis, and C. rosavensis were described from both Guadalcanal Island and Kolombangara Island. Chimarra biramosa Kimmins was collected from both Kolombangara Island and Guadalcanal Island.

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3

Falvey, D. A., J. B. Colwell, P. J. Coleman, H. G. Greene, J. G. Vedder, and T. R. Bruns. "PETROLEUM PROSPECTIVITY OF PACIFIC ISLAND ARCS: SOLOMON ISLANDS AND VANUATU." APPEA Journal 31, no. 1 (1991): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj90015.

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The limited petroleum search which has taken place in Pacific island arc areas has focused mainly on deep forearc or intra-arc basins, so far without success. Very few exploration wells have been drilled. The interpretation of the results of marine geophysical and geological surveys and research carried out in the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu, southwestern Pacific, suggests that the thick volcaniclastic depocentres probably lack major petroleum potential. However, the margins of the basins are likely to be much more prospective. Marginal marine environments bordering the basins may generate immense quantities of organic material favourable to petroleum generation, and this material can be fed into deep basins adjacent to reefal reservoirs. In the Solomons and Vanuatu, where no exploration wells have been drilled, this marginal marine play greatly enhances prospectivity - and, by extrapolation, also that of other arc systems. In particular, source beds may be present. Promising target areas in the Solomons and Vanuatu include Iron Bottom Basin adjacent to Guadalcanal, the southwestern flank of the Solomon High from Choiseul through Santa Isabel - Florida Islands - northern Guadalcanal (especially the Manning Strait area), the area between the Shortland Islands and western Choiseul, Vanikolo Basin, the western margins of the North and South Aoba Basins, and possibly the Malekula and Mbokokimbo Basins.

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4

CRAIG, D. A., R. A. ENGLUND, and H. Takaoka. "Simuliidae (Diptera) of the Solomon Islands: new records and species, ecology, and biogeography." Zootaxa 1328, no. 1 (October 5, 2006): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1328.1.1.

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Five species of Simuliidae are reported for the first time from the Solomon Islands of Santa Isabel, Malaita, and Makira, and Kolumbangara and Rendova of the New Georgia Island group. One newspecies, Simulium (Gomphostilbia) rhopaloides Craig, Englund & Takaoka, from Guadalcanal is described. The new material consists mainly of immature larvae, which, while allowing assignment to subgenus, do not always allow identification to species. The probability of other new species is suggested. The record for Makira is the most easterly known for the subgenus Morops, as are those for Gomphostilbia from Guadalcanal and Malaita. Larval habitats on the islands are illustrated. A brief synopsis of the paleogeology of the Solomon Islands is given as a basis for preliminary comments on distribution and biogeography of the known species of Simuliidae, now 10, for the Solomon Islands.

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5

Underhill, Steven, Leeroy Joshua, and Yuchan Zhou. "A Preliminary Assessment of Horticultural Postharvest Market Loss in the Solomon Islands." Horticulturae 5, no. 1 (January 10, 2019): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae5010005.

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Honiara’s fresh horticultural markets are a critical component of the food distribution system in Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands. Most of the population that reside in Honiara are now dependent on the municipal horticultural market and a network of smaller road-side markets to source their fresh fruits and vegetables. Potentially poor postharvest supply chain practice could be leading to high levels of postharvest loss in Honiara markets, undermining domestic food security. This study reports on a preliminary assessment of postharvest horticultural market loss and associated supply chain logistics at the Honiara municipal market and five road-side markets on Guadalcanal Island. Using vendor recall to quantify loss, we surveyed a total of 198 vendors between November 2017 and March 2018. We found that postharvest loss in the Honiara municipal market was 7.9 to 9.5%, and that road-side markets incurred 2.6 to 7.0% loss. Based on mean postharvest market loss and the incidence of individual vendor loss, Honiara’s road-side market system appears to be more effective in managing postharvest loss, compared to the municipal market. Postharvest loss was poorly correlated to transport distance, possibly due to the inter-island and remote intra-island chains avoiding high-perishable crops. Spatial mapping of postharvest loss highlighted a cohort of villages in the western and southern parts of the main horticultural production region (i.e., eastern Guadalcanal) with atypically high levels of postharvest loss. The potential importance of market-operations, packaging type, and mode of transport on postharvest market loss, is further discussed.

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6

Duffels, J. P. "Inflatopyga, a new cicada genus (Homoptera: Cicadoidea: Cicadidae) endemic to the Solomon Islands." Invertebrate Systematics 11, no. 4 (1997): 549. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/it96006.

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The new cicada genus Inflatopyga and six new species of this genus are described from the Solomon Islands. The genus belongs to the subtribe Cosmopsaltriaria of the tribe Dundubiini (family Cicadidae). The species are mainly island endemics. Inflatopyga boulardi, sp. nov.,I. ewarti, sp. nov., andI. verlaani, sp. nov., are endemic to Bougainville,I. langeraki, sp. nov. (type species), is endemic to Guadalcanal and New Georgia, I. webbi, sp. nov., to Santa Isabel and I. mouldsi, sp. nov., to Malaita. A key to the males is provided. Inflatopyga is the sister-genus of Rhadinopyga, while both genera together are considered to be the sister-group of Diceropyga. A cladogram showing the apomorphies suggests the monophyletic origin of the genera and the genus relationships. The biogeography of the cicadas of the Solomon Islands is discussed. The distribution and monophyly of Inflatopygasuggest that the Solomon Islands form an area of endemism.

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7

Wang, Rong-Rong, Michael D. Webb, and Ai-Ping Liang. "Review of Lavora Muir (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Tropiduchidae) with descriptions of two new species from Solomon Islands." Insect Systematics & Evolution 43, no. 3-4 (2012): 299–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1876312x-04303005.

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The planthopper genus Lavora Muir, 1931 (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Tropiduchidae) is reviewed and seven species, including two new species, are recognized: L. anchora Fennah, 1949 (Russell Island), L. fuscimarginata Fennah, 1949 (San Cristobal, Ugi Island), L. longispinosa Wang, sp.n. (Guadalcanal Island, Isabel Island), L. ricanoides Muir, 1931 (Guadalcanal Island), L. sanctaeisabelae Fennah, 1949 (Santa Isabel Island), L. similis Wang, sp.n. (New Georgia Island) and L. straminea Fennah, 1949 (Vella Lavella Island). The female of L. ricanoides Muir, and L. fuscimarginata are recorded for the first time. Redescriptions of the genus and species based on the newly found female and other specimens are provided. A distribution map and key to the known species of this genus are also given.

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8

Corrin Care, Jennifer. "Democratic Fundamentals in the Solomon Islands: Guadalcanal Provincial Assembly v The Speaker of National Parliament." Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 27, no. 3 (November 3, 1997): 501. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/vuwlr.v27i3.6108.

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This article is a case note of Guadalcanal Provincial Assembly v The Speaker of National Parliament and the Minister for Provincial Government unreported, High Court, Solomon Islands, cc 309/96, 26 February 1997. The decision is a constitutional law case from the Solomon Islands filed by the applicant in response to the passing of the Provincial Government Act 1996. The author first introduces the political framework of the Solomon Islands, and then discusses the decision itself. The author then comments on the decision: first on the interpretation of the Constitution of the Solomon Islands, secondly on the role of Chiefs and Elders, and finally on the changes in the bench.

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9

Smith, M. A., and P. C. Whiteman. "Grazing studies on the Guadalcanal Plains, Solomon Islands." Journal of Agricultural Science 104, no. 1 (February 1985): 181–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600043100.

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SummaryPastures of a mixture of Brachiaria mutica(para) and B. decumbens(signal) grown with Gentrosema pubescens(centro) and Macroptilium atropurpureumcv. Siratro and grazed at three stocking rates 1·8, 2·1 and 3·6 animals/ha for 5 and 6 years of grazing were compared with B. humidicolacv. Tully (Koronivia) oversown with centro and siratro and grazed at 3·0, 3·6 and 4·5 animals/ha and native pastures of Themedaaustralis and Pennisetum polystachyon oversown with Stylosanthes guianensis cv. Schofield after burning, and grazed at 1·3, 2·0 and 2·7 animals/ha. All pastures were given 20 kg/ha of sulphur.The para and centro pasture gave the highest live-weight gain with 731 kg/ha/year when stocked at 3·6 animals/ha in 1979–80. and 592 kg/ha/year in 1980–1. Signal grass gave 621 and 493 kg/ha/year in 1979–80 and 1980–1 at 3·6 animals/ha. Koronivia grass gave similar production as signal: 639, 466 and 406 kg/ha/year at 3·6 animals/ha stocking rate from 1979 to 1982. On the natural pastures 1st year gains were high, 412 kg/ha/year at 2·7 animals/ha, but declined to 224 kg/ha/year at 2·0 animals/ha in year 2.In the para pastures, centro increased up to 50%, while with signal it increased to 25% of the botanical composition, owing to a decline in grass dry matter. In koronivia pastures, centro and siratro declined, inversely with stocking rate, and M.pudica increased in the high stocking rate. In the natural pastures T. triandra declined with increasing stocking, to 1% at 2·7 animals/ha. P. polystachyon remained approximately stable. M. pudica became important as grazing increased, and weeds also increased. Para grass was high in N, P, S and Na. N was low in signal, koronivia and T. triandra while the concentration of Na (0·41%) was high in koronivia, but it was extremely low in signal and T. triandra(0·02%).The trials suggest that landholders could commence grazing of existing natural pastures for up to 2 years at about 2·0 animals/ha in the 1st year and 1·3 animals/ha in subsequent years to obtain 350 kg LWG/ha in year 1 and the 200 kg LWG/ha thereafter. With cultivated pastures much higher yield can be obtained using para plus centro on the low-lying aieas, and signal plus centro plus siratro on non-flooded areas. Koronivia can be used in occasionally intensively stocked areas. All pastures require S fertilizer every 2 years.

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10

Allen, Matthew G. "Land, Identity and Conflict on Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands." Australian Geographer 43, no. 2 (June 2012): 163–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00049182.2012.682294.

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11

Parnaby, HE. "A taxonomic review of the genus Pteralopex (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae), the monkey-faced bats of the south-western Pacific." Australian Mammalogy 23, no. 2 (2001): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am01145.

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Morphological variation in the genus Pteralopex is reviewed to evaluate species limits and diagnostic criteria. Five species are recognised: P. atrata and P. pulchra from Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands; P. anceps from Bougainville and Buka Islands, Papua New Guinea, and Choiseul and Isabel Islands, Solomon Islands; and P. acrodonta from Taveuni, Fiji. A new species is described from New Georgia and Vangunu Islands, Solomon Islands. It resembles P. pulchra but differs in dental, cranial and pelage characters. A number of criteria previously considered diagnostic for P. anceps are shown to be invalid. The new species faces a high extinction risk from logging operations and pressure from expanding human populations, and an IUCN threat category of ?Critically Endangered? is proposed. All Pteralopex species face a high risk of extinction and conservation measures such as habitat protection are urgently required.

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12

Pikacha, Patrick, Tyrone Lavery, and Luke K. P. Leung. "What factors affect the density of cane toads (Rhinella marina) in the Solomon Islands?" Pacific Conservation Biology 21, no. 3 (2015): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc14918.

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Cane toads (Rhinella marina) were introduced to the Solomon Islands in the 1940s, and quickly spread across the archipelago. Between May 2009 and August 2012, cane toads were recorded on 11 of 13 islands surveyed, and the densities of toads were estimated by distance sampling on seven of these islands. Modified Akaike’s Information Criterion (AICc) tests were used to find the most parsimonious model for cane toad density in the Solomon Islands. The results showed that mean toad density was higher on Gatokae and Guadalcanal than on Bougainville, Choiseul, Kolombangara and Rendova. A plausible explanation for this is that Guadalcanal had an abundance of breeding sites, and that Gatokae may have been recently colonised with a typical sharp rise in toad densities. The model also showed that mean toad density was higher in coastal forests than in other forest types (e.g lowland, hill and montane forests). Coastal forests have higher disturbance levels as a result of villages and towns. Disturbance was associated with increased toad densities in the model. These findings suggest that cane toad management efforts should target coastal forests and disturbed areas along roads and tracks leading to important biodiversity reserves.

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13

Rickard, Paul P., and Paul Alan Cox. "Use ofDerris as a Fish Poison in Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands." Economic Botany 40, no. 4 (October 1986): 479–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02859661.

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14

Brown, Kenneth, and Jennifer Corrin Care. "More on Democratic Fundamentals in Solomon Islands: Minister for Provincial Government v Guadalcanal Provincial Assembly." Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 32, no. 3 (August 4, 2001): 653. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/vuwlr.v32i3.5883.

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In 1997 the High Court of Solomon Islands delivered its decision in Guadalcanal Provincial Assembly v The Speaker of National Parliament, 1 declaring void the Provincial Government Act 1996, 2 on the basis that several parts of that measure were unconstitutional. That decision was considered 3 and criticised 4 in an earlier article. The Court of Appeal allowed an appeal against that judgment. This paper examines the Court of Appeal's decision and comments on its significance for Solomon Islands and the South Pacific region generally. In particular, it considers the extent of state legislative power, the role of a preamble, and the human rights implications for women.

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15

Lundstrom, John B., and Eugene L. Rasor. "The Solomon Islands Campaign, Guadalcanal to Rabaul: Historiography and Annotated Bibliography." Journal of Military History 61, no. 4 (October 1997): 827. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2954115.

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16

Lundstrom, John B., and Eugene L. Rasor. "The Solomon Islands Campaign, Guadalcanal to Rabaul: Historiography and Annotated Bibliography." Journal of Military History 63, no. 2 (April 1999): 483. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/120692.

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17

Flannery, Tim F. "A new species of Pteralopex (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae) from Montane Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands." Records of the Australian Museum 43, no. 2 (November 22, 1991): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.43.1991.44.

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18

Paudel, Sulav, Sean Marshall, Francis Tsatsia, Crispus Fanai, Max Kolubalona, Sarah Mansfield, and Trevor Jackson. "Monitoring an invasive coconut rhinoceros beetle population using pheromone traps in Honiara, Solomon Islands." New Zealand Plant Protection 74, no. 1 (August 6, 2021): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2021.74.11742.

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An invasive population of the coconut rhinoceros beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros; CRB) was discovered in Honiara, Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands in 2015. The beetle has caused severe damage to coconut palms in the outbreak area and its continued spread threatens the food security and livelihood of thousands of smallholder farmers in the region. Spread and abundance of the beetle were monitored using bucket traps baited with the aggregation pheromone, ethyl-4 methyloctanoate. Beetles were collected from traps approximately bi-weekly for two periods; one during 2017–18 and the other during 2019–2020. Trap catches showed that CRB was present throughout the whole survey region with significantly higher numbers of female CRB trapped than males. Results indicate a significant 1.5-fold increase in CRB trap catch numbers from 2017–2018 to 2019–2020 despite control efforts. The number of CRB adults trapped also varied between sites and months during both time periods but with no clear patterns. Removal of breeding sites along with strong local quarantine should remain the top priority of the local government to contain CRB expansion within Solomon Islands and beyond.

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19

HASAN, Arif-Ul, Setsuo SUGURI, Chigusa FUJIMOTO, Masakazu HARADA, Masato KAWABATA, Hugo BUGORO, and Bobogare ALBINO. "Population genetic structure of Anopheles hinesorum on Guadalcanal and Malaita of the Solomon Islands." Medical Entomology and Zoology 59, no. 4 (2008): 283–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.7601/mez.59.283.

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20

Albert, Simon, Nathaniel Deering, Scravin Tongi, Avik Nandy, Allen Kisi, Myknee Sirikolo, Michael Maehaka, Nicholas Hutley, Shaun Kies-Ryan, and Alistair Grinham. "Water quality challenges associated with industrial logging of a karst landscape: Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands." Marine Pollution Bulletin 169 (August 2021): 112506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112506.

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21

Arif, Hasan, S. Suguri, C. Fujimoto, A. Ishii, N. Ohta, and M. Harada. "B26 SURVEY ON VECTOR MOSQUITOES OF MALARIA IN SOLOMON ISLANDS (4) DISTRIBUTION OF ANOPHELES LARVAE AND ADULTS IN GUADALCANAL ISLAND(General presentation,Abstract,The 58th Annual Meeting of the Japan Society of Medical Entomology and Zoology)." Medical Entomology and Zoology 57, Supplement (2006): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.7601/mez.57.67_2.

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22

Haberle, Simon. "Explanations for palaeoecological changes on the northern plains of Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands: the last 3200 years." Holocene 6, no. 3 (September 1996): 333–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095968369600600307.

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23

Tolia, Donn H., and M. G. Petterson. "The Gold Ridge Mine, Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands’ first gold mine: a case study in stakeholder consultation." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 250, no. 1 (2005): 149–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.2005.250.01.15.

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24

Grimaldi, David. "Systematics of the genus Colocasiomyia de Meijere (Diptera: Drosophilidae): cladistics, a new generic synonym, new records, and a new species from Nepal." Insect Systematics & Evolution 22, no. 4 (1991): 417–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187631291x00219.

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AbstractThe fly species crassipes de Meijere is transferred from the Sphaeroceridae to the Drosophilidae since Platyborborus de Meijere, a monotypic genus, is a junior synonym of Colocasiomyia de Meijere. Colocasiomyia crassipes is a very highly modified member of the genus due to its flattened body, reduction and loss of many groundplan setae, deep antennal fossae, and crassate hind legs. The holotype and only known specimen, from Java, is redescribed in detail and illustrated. New records of Colocasiomyia stamenicola (Carson & Okada) and C. gigantea (Okada) are reported from Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands, considerably outside their reported ranges. Colocasiomyia nepalensis sp. n. is described from Kathmandu, Nepal. Cladistic relationships in the genus are briefly examined and related to biogeography and aroid host use.

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25

Foley, D. H., and J. H. Bryan. "Shared salinity tolerance invalidates a test for the malaria vector Anopheles farauti s.s. on Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands." Medical and Veterinary Entomology 14, no. 1 (March 2000): 102–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2915.2000.00219.x.

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26

Foley, D. H., and J. H. Bryan. "Shared salinity tolerance invalidates a test for the malaria vector Anopheles farauti s.s. on Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands." Medical and Veterinary Entomology 14, no. 4 (December 2000): 450–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2915.2000.00268.x.

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27

Quelennec, Thierry, and Marianne Quelennec. "Observations and first photographs of the Guadalcanal Thrush Zoothera turipavae and Makira Thrush Z. margaretae in the Solomon Islands." Australian Field Ornithology 34 (2014): 82–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.20938/afo34082086.

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28

Hasan, Arif U., Setsuo Suguri, Chigusa Fujimoto, Rodney L. Itaki, Masakazu Harada, Masato Kawabata, Hugo Bugoro, and Bobogare Albino. "Genetic diversity in two sibling species of the Anopheles punctulatus group of mosquitoes on Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands." BMC Evolutionary Biology 8, no. 1 (2008): 318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-8-318.

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29

Blaber, S. J. M., and D. A. Milton. "A Note on Habitat Decline and the Status of the Spotted Button-quail Turnix maculosa salomonis on Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands." Emu - Austral Ornithology 91, no. 1 (March 1991): 64–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mu9910064.

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30

Georgeou, Nichole, Charles Hawksley, James Monks, and Melina Ki’i. "Food Security and Asset Creation in Solomon Islands: Gender and the Political Economy of Agricultural Production for Honiara Central Market." PORTAL Journal of Multidisciplinary International Studies 16, no. 1-2 (November 13, 2019): 101–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/pjmis.v16i1-2.6542.

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This article presents data from a 2017 survey of vendors selling fresh produce at the Honiara Central Market (HCM) over a twelve week period from July-September. It aims to understand the economic contribution of vendors to their communities, and in particular of producer-vendors. Detailed geospatial mapping of the origin of produce sold at HCM illustrates the scope of production for market. Data shows that 70 percent of all produce comes from villages on Guadalcanal to the east of Honiara, with intensive production for market also to the West of Honiara, from Central Province (Savo, Nggelas), and important market trade from parts of Malaita, and New Georgia. There is very limited engagement with HCM from Choiseul and Temotu, and none from Makira and Renbel. The data also indicates that the majority of producer-vendors at the HCM are women, and that the average sale of fresh produce on Fridays generates amounts of income higher than the minimum daily wage. We examine these findings using a lens of food security with a focus on asset creation. We show the economic benefit of market selling for women tends to involve lower value crops of leafy greens, nuts, fruits and root vegetables, while men are more dominant in the lucrative cash crops such as melon.

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31

Bugoro, Hugo, Jeffery Hii, Tanya L. Russell, Robert D. Cooper, Benny KK Chan, Charles Iro'ofa, Charles Butafa, Allen Apairamo, Albino Bobogare, and Cheng-Chen Chen. "Influence of environmental factors on the abundance of Anopheles farauti larvae in large brackish water streams in Northern Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands." Malaria Journal 10, no. 1 (2011): 262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-10-262.

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32

Druce, Herbert. "List of thc Lepidoptcra Hetrrocera, with Descriptions of the new Species, collectcd by Mr. C. M. Woodford a t Aola, Guadalcanar Island, Solomon Islands." Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 56, no. 1 (August 20, 2009): 570–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1888.tb06735.x.

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33

Simshauser, Paul, Leonard Smith, Patrick Whish-Wilson, and Tim Nelson. "Foreign aid via 3-Party Covenant Financings of capital-intensive infrastructure." Journal of Financial Economic Policy 8, no. 2 (May 3, 2016): 183–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfep-11-2015-0067.

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Purpose The purpose of this article is to analyse electricity supply in the Solomon Islands face extraordinarily expensive electricity tariffs – currently set at 96 c/kWh – making them amongst the highest in the world. Power is supplied by a fleet of diesel generators reliant on imported liquid fuels. In this article, the authors model the 14,100 kW power system on the island of Guadalcanal and demonstrate that by investing in a combination of hydroelectric and solar photovoltaic generating capacity, power system costs and reliability can be improved marginally. However, when the authors model a 3-Party Covenant (3PC) Financing structure involving a credit wrap by the Commonwealth of Australia, electricity production costs fall by 50 per cent, thus resulting in meaningful increases in consumer welfare. Design/methodology/approach This study’s approach uses an integrated levelised cost of electricity model and dynamic partial equilibrium power system model. Doing so enables the authors to quickly analyse the rich blend of fixed, variable and sunk costs of generating technology options. The authors also focus on the cost of capital that is likely to be achieved under various policy settings. Findings The authors find that a 3PC Financing policy can substantially reduce the production costs associated with capital-intensive power projects in an unrated sovereign nation. Such a policy and associated prescriptions are not specific to the Solomon Islands or power generation. The conceptual framework and associated financial logic that underpins the initiative can be generalised to other “user pays” infrastructure projects and to other developing nations. The broad applicability of 3PC financing means that it is not country specific, project specific or asset class specific. Research Limitations/implications It is important to note that the analysis in this paper has a number of limitations in that the authors do not deal with rural electrification or distribution network costs. The focus of this paper is to identify policy interventions that are capable of making profound changes to the cost and the reliability of wholesale electricity production. Originality/value The focus of this paper is to identify a policy intervention capable of making profound changes to the cost and the reliability of wholesale electricity production. While there is nothing novel associated with a 3PC Financing per se, the authors are unaware of its direct use as a form of delivering foreign aid. A 3PC Financing has the effect of shifting the source of aid funding from fiscal account surplus/deficit (i.e. cash outlays) to balance sheet (i.e. credit wrap). However, this is not a “magic pudding” – 3PC Financing creates an asset-backed contingent liability and will have the effect of reducing the donor country’s own debt capacity by a commensurate amount, holding the nation’s credit rating constant.

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Beebe, N. W., B. Bakote'e, J. T. Ellis, and R. D. Cooper. "Differential ecology of Anopheles punctulatus and three members of the Anopheles farauti complex of mosquitoes on Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands, identified by PCR-RFLP analysis." Medical and Veterinary Entomology 14, no. 3 (September 2000): 308–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2915.2000.00248.x.

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Read, John L., and Katherine Moseby. "Vertebrates of Tetepare Island, Solomon Islands." Pacific Science 60, no. 1 (2006): 69–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/psc.2005.0060.

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LeCroy, Mary, Andrew W. Kratter, D. W. Steadman, and Horace P. Webb. "Accipiter imitator on Isabel Island, Solomon Islands." Emu - Austral Ornithology 101, no. 2 (June 2001): 151–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mu00019.

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Kailahi, Sandra. "Tribute to Solomon Island women." Pacific Journalism Review : Te Koakoa 16, no. 2 (October 1, 2010): 226–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v16i2.1050.

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This book profiles the stories of 14 outstanding women, revealing their intimate moments, their struggles and the highs they have faced during their lives. Solomon Islands women make up around 49 percent of the country's population. Traditionally, these women are multi-taskers—as food producers, home keepers, child-bearers and child educators they are largely invisible in the media. Here we see them in a new light.

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Wickler, Stephen, and Matthew Spriggs. "Pleistocene human occupation of the Solomon Islands, Melanesia." Antiquity 62, no. 237 (December 1988): 703–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00075104.

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Pleistocene dates from a rockshelter on Buka Island at the northern end of the Solomons Chain demonstrate human settlement by 28,000 b.p., some 25,000 years earlier than previously reported for this island group.

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INEICH, IVAN. "The terrestrial herpetofauna of Torres and Banks Groups (northern Vanuatu), with report of a new species for Vanuatu." Zootaxa 2198, no. 1 (August 14, 2009): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2198.1.1.

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A recent herpetological field trip to the Torres Group, an island group located at the northernmost border of Vanuatu, about 150 km from the southernmost Solomon Islands, allowed the collection of about 300 reptile specimens. Among these, Lepidodactylus guppyi is a new species record for Vanuatu. I also provide many new species records for the Torres Group, including two recently introduced species. The terrestrial herpetofauna of the islands of the Torres Group is reviewed for the first time and compared (1) to that of the Solomon Islands and particularly the southern Solomon island groups (Santa Cruz Group) bordering the Torres Group in the north, (2) to the remainder of Vanuatu and particularly Espiritu Santo Island which I recently surveyed, and (3) to a neighbouring group of islands in northern Vanuatu, the Banks Group. The Banks and Torres Groups share the same herpetofauna and their affinities are much stronger to the remainder of Vanuatu than to the southern Solomon Islands, thus suggesting their similar paleopositions during Melanesian arc movements.

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Jeekel, C. A. W. "The tribe Aschistodesmini in the Solomon Islands (Diplopoda, Polydesmida: Paradoxosomatidae)." Insect Systematics & Evolution 30, no. 4 (1999): 459–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187631200x00570.

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AbstractThe Aschistodesmini from the Solomon Island are reviewed. Besides clarifying notes on the status of the type and closely related species of Aschistodesmus, descriptive notes and illustrations of the gonopods of the Solomon species of this genus, particularly of those published by Chamberlin, 1920, under the generic name of Solomonosoma, are given. Two new species, A. spatulifer and A. tridentifer are described, and a key to the species is provided. From Rennell Island Dorcadogonus modestus gen. n., sp. n. is described.

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Mace, E. S., P. N. Mathur, L. Izquierdo, D. Hunter, M. B. Taylor, D. Singh, I. H. DeLacy, G. V. H. Jackson, and I. D. Godwin. "Rationalization of taro germplasm collections in the Pacific Island region using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers." Plant Genetic Resources 4, no. 3 (December 2006): 210–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/pgr2006125.

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AbstractA regional (Oceania) core collection for taro germplasm has been developed based on phenotypic and molecular characterization. In total, 2199 accessions of taro germplasm have been collected by TaroGen (Taro Genetic Resources: Conservation and Utilisation) from 10 countries in Oceania: Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Fiji, Palau, Niue, Tonga, Cook Islands and Samoa. Our objective was to select 10% from each country to contribute to a regional core. The larger collections from Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu and New Caledonia were analysed based on phenotypic characters, and a diverse subset representing 20% of these collections was fingerprinted. A diverse 20% subsample was also taken from the Solomon Islands. All accessions from the other six countries were fingerprinted. In total, 515 accessions were genotyped (23.4% overall) using taro specific simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. DNA fingerprint data showed that great allelic diversity existed in Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. Interestingly, rare alleles were identified in taros from the Solomon Islands province of Choiseul which were not observed in any of the other collections. Overall, 211 accessions were recommended for inclusion in the final regional core collection based on the phenotypic and molecular characterization.

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Morrison, Clare, Patrick Pikacha, Tikai Pitakia, and David Boseto. "Herpetofauna, community education and logging on Choiseul Island, Solomon Islands: implications for conservation." Pacific Conservation Biology 13, no. 4 (2007): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc070250.

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Biodiversity in the Solomon Islands Is extremely rich, and in the Pacific is second only to Papua New Guinea. Despite this high diversity there are only rough estimates for the biodiversity of most taxa in the Solomon Islands. As part of a terrestrial biodiversity survey, we conducted nocturnal surveys for frogs in a range of habitats from 10?1 060 m on Choiseul Island. This work was carried out between June 2005 and January 2006. In addition to the nocturnal surveys, we also conducted opportunistic diurnal searches for reptiles as well as community environmental education and awareness workshops. Fifteen frog species (65% of all Solomon Island frogs) including all five endemic species, were found during our surveys of Choiseul Island. Most of the species were fairly widespread and abundant, however, four species (Discodeles bufoniformis, Palmatorrapia solomonis, Brachylodes trossulus and B. wolfi) were fairly restricted in their distribution. In addition, we found 20 reptile species during opportunistic surveys (30% of all Solomon Island reptiles Including four endemics). Important habitats on Choiseul Island based on frog species richness and abundance are mid-altitude rainforest (500?600 m), primary lowland rainforest and lowland coastal forest. Unfortunately, it is these habitats that are most threatened by logging operations on the island. In order to aid biodiversity conservation on Choiseul Island we recommend a number of activities including additional biodiversity surveys, increased community awareness and education about biodiversity and the impacts of logging, and the drawing up of a management plan including all terrestrial taxa for Choiseul Island forests.

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Thaman, R. R., Tepaikea Puia, Wilson Tongabaea, Ashley Namona, and Teddy Fong. "Marine biodiversity and ethnobiodiversity of Bellona (Mungiki) Island, Solomon Islands." Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography 31, no. 1 (March 2010): 70–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9493.2010.00391.x.

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Sanga, Kabini. "Ethics curriculum in Indigenous Pacific: a Solomon Islands study." AlterNative: An International Journal of Indigenous Peoples 15, no. 3 (September 2019): 243–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1177180119874505.

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A central feature of Indigenous Solomon Islands socialization of family, clan and tribal members is character-shaping. What this looks like, however, has not been researched. This study provides a first look at what is taught as ethics education in Indigenous Solomon Islands. Using data from a wider qualitative study of an Indigenous tribe of Mala’ita Island in the Solomon Islands archipelago, the study is authored and gifted by a Mala’ita Indigenous ethics educator to other Indigenous Pacific and other global educators and researchers. The study findings include: a clearer understanding of Indigenous Mala’ita ethics education including its integrated curriculum, its emphasis on character-shaping and its particular age-gender variations and pedagogies. The study offers pragmatic, conceptual, pedagogical, contextual and research insights for institutional and societal ethics education in Solomon Islands and other Pacific Islands modern states and to others interested in understanding ethics in context.

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Field, Michael. "REVIEW: Making sense of the Solomon Islands upheaval." Pacific Journalism Review : Te Koakoa 11, no. 1 (April 1, 2005): 199–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v11i1.831.

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Review of The Manipulation of Custom: From uprising to Intervention in the Solomon Islands, by Jon FraenkelDr Jon Fraenkel, a senior research fellow at the University of the South Pacific's Governance and Development Institute, has produced a solid and readable account of the [Solomon Island] uprising. He has more than an academic, however, and his own journalism, particularly with the London-based Economist was the among the scraps of evidence that were used to build up Canberra's intervention justification.

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Sharpe, R. Bowdler. "Descriptions of some new Species of Birds from the Island of Guadalcanar in the Solomon Archipelago, discovered by Mr. C. M. Woodford." Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 56, no. 1 (August 20, 2009): 182–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1888.tb06692.x.

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BROWN, RAFE M., and STEPHEN J. RICHARDS. "Two new frogs of the genus Platymantis (Anura: Ceratobatrachidae) from the Isabel Island group, Solomon Islands." Zootaxa 1888, no. 1 (September 29, 2008): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1888.1.3.

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We describe two new species of forest frogs in the genus Platymantis from the Isabel Island group, Solomon Islands. One new species is a medium-sized, terrestrial form that is morphologically most similar to P. weberi (a widespread Solomon Islands species). The other new species is an arboreal frog that is morphologically similar to Platymantis neckeri (known from Bougainville, Choiseul, and Isabel islands). Both new species possess unique advertisement calls that distinguish them from all sympatric congeners. Because acoustic characteristics function as the primary mate-recognition signals for anuran species, and are therefore an excellent indicator of the status of unique evolutionary lineages, we recognize each as new species. We diagnose both new species on the basis of their distinctive advertisement calls and in the case of the terrestrial form, by differences in body size, body proportions and skin texture. The diversity of ceratobatrachid frogs of the Solomon islands and Bougainville is underestimated and in need of a comprehensive taxonomic review coupled with a standardized survey of acoustic characters.

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Rohoia, Angeline B., and Parmendra Sharma. "Do Inflation Expectations Matter for Small, Open Economies? Empirical Evidence from the Solomon Islands." Journal of Risk and Financial Management 14, no. 9 (September 17, 2021): 448. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14090448.

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This paper examines the role of inflation expectations in Solomon Islands, a Pacific Island Country, using the Hybrid New Keynesian Phillips Curve model. The study applies the Generalized Method of Moments to estimate the Hybrid New Keynesian Philips Curve model using quarterly time series data for the period 2003–2017. The study confirms the existence of a Hybrid New Keynesian Philips Curve for Solomon Islands and finds that both backward-looking and forward-looking processes matter for inflation. Fuel prices and output gap are important indicators of current inflation. The study highlights key areas to further investigate including the weak monetary transmission mechanism and to examine the exchange rate pass through effect onto domestic prices. Studies on the role of inflation expectations in small, open, economies of the Pacific, such as Solomon Islands, is limited. This paper fills this void in literature by using quarterly time-series data to build a Hybrid New Keynesian Philips Curve model for Solomon Islands.

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Kratter, Andrew W., David W. Steadman, Catherine E. Smith, Christopher E. Filardi, and Horace P. Webb. "Avifauna of a Lowland Forest Site on Isabel, Solomon Islands." Auk 118, no. 2 (April 1, 2001): 472–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/auk/118.2.472.

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Abstract We provide the first comprehensive description of a bird community from a lowland rainforest site on a major island in the Solomon Islands. During two dry season visits (July 1997, June 1998) to the lower Garanga River valley on the island of Isabel, we recorded 65 resident and 6 migrant species of birds. We document relative abundances, habitat preferences, and foraging guilds for the members of the bird community. The Garanga River site sustains all but 11 of the 76 species of landbirds known from Isabel. Of those 11 species, four are small-island or beach specialists, three are montane, and four are of unknown status. Habitat heterogeneity, maintained largely by river dynamics, is a major contributor to avian diversity at the site. The avifauna is dominated by nonpasserines, especially parrots, pigeons, kingfishers, and hawks. The flightless rail Nesoclopeus woodfordi, previously regarded as rare and threatened with extinction, was common. We recorded Ixobrychus flavicollis, Falco severus, and Eudynamys scolopacea for the first time on Isabel. We also documented occurrence in the lowlands of Micropsitta finschii, Collocalia spodiopygia, Coracina caledonica, and Pachycephala pectoralis, four species previously thought to be confined to upper elevations on Isabel. The depauperate understory avifauna of the Garanga River site may be anthropogenic and could belie what otherwise seems to be an intact avifauna.

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Katovai, Eric, Dawnie D. Katovai, Mason Campbell, Susan G. Laurance, Will Edwards, and William F. Laurance. "Structural Recovery of Logged Forests in the Solomon Islands: Implications for Conservation and Management." Tropical Conservation Science 14 (January 2021): 194008292110281. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/19400829211028125.

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Much of the lowland tropical forests in the Solomon Islands have been heavily logged. However, little is known about the recovery status of these forests. We examined factors that influenced the recovery of forest structural attributes within 50 years after selective logging on Kolombangara Island in the western Solomon Islands. Twelve study sites—six logged and six unlogged—were identified across the Island, with two logged sites in each of three recovery-time classes: 10, 30, and 50 years after logging. Within each study site, 12 0.1-ha plots were randomly established, and a series of forest attributes measured in each plot. Our results revealed that local logging intensity and soil attributes have stronger influence on forest-structural recovery than do site attributes such as local topography or tree architecture. Furthermore, half a century of regeneration following logging is insufficient to permit full recovery of forest structure. We conclude that logged forests on Kolombangara and possibly across the Solomon Islands may not fully recover structurally before the next logging cycle, in the absence of a policy on re-entry harvesting. The development of such a policy coupled with robust forest-management measures is pivotal to facilitating sustainable logging while supporting biodiversity conservation in the Solomon Islands. This may be the last best hope for saving lowland forests and their biodiversity on this unique tropical archipelago.

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