Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Guerra Civil Catalana'
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Miquel, Milian Laura. "La guerra civil catalana i la crisi financera de Barcelona durant el regnat de Joan II (1458-1479)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670979.
Full textEl propòsit de la present tesi doctoral és estudiar les finances municipals de Barcelona durant el segle XV i observar fins a quin punt aquest indicador econòmic pot servir per establir l’impacte de l’anomenada “crisi baixmedieval” a la capital catalana. Concretament, partint de les diferents teories historiogràfiques que s’han ocupat de la qüestió, s’analitzen les repercussions de la guerra civil catalana de 1462-1472 en l’erari del municipi de Barcelona. Per fer-ho, s’ha volgut estudiar l’estat de la tresoreria de la ciutat al llarg del regnat de Joan II (1458-1479), amb l’objectiu d’observar-ne l’estat abans, durant i després del conflicte bèl·lic. El treball es divideix en tres parts principals. La primera, formada pels capítols 2 i 3, està dedicada a les institucions que, d’una manera o altra, influïren en la marxa de les finances urbanes: tant aquelles de tipus governamental com les responsables més immediates de la hisenda de la Ciutat Comtal. Aquest marc inicial permet entendre millor les dades exposades en les altres dues parts, els capítols 4 i 5, l’una centrada en els ingressos del tresorer municipal i l’altra en les seves despeses. La segona part, en què s’aborden els ingressos, s’ha dividit en els dos grans tipus de recursos amb què comptava Barcelona: els no financers, formats pels diferents impostos i rendes del Consell, i els financers, procedents del crèdit a curt i, sobretot, a llarg termini. Pel que fa a la tercera part, la de les despeses, s’han seguit paràmetres funcionals per classificar-les tipològicament en les següents categories: administració (salaris, plets, ambaixades...), serveis (abastament, obres, host...), transferències (al rei i a la Diputació del General) i deute (fonamentalment, censal). Tot plegat contribueix a proporcionar una visió força completa de les finances municipals durant el regnat de Joan II i de les conseqüències nefastes que la guerra civil comportà. Així mateix, constitueix un bon indicador per valorar, més en general, la situació de Barcelona a la fi del conflicte, confirmant les tesis que consideren la contesa com un daltabaix per a l’economia de la ciutat.
Bister, Daniela [Verfasser]. "La construcción literaria de la víctima : Guerra Civil y franquismo en la novela castellana, catalana y vasca / Daniela Bister." Frankfurt : Peter Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1080405143/34.
Full textPuig, Vallverdú Guillem. "LA PAGESIA I LA SEVA REVOLUCIÓ. Una anàlisi sobre la conflictivitat i el canvi a la rereguarda catalana durant la Guerra Civil, 1936-1939." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669300.
Full textEsta tesis doctoral tiene como objetivo analizar el desarrollo de la colectivización agraria durante la Guerra Civil española. Cataluña es el marco elegido para estudiar este fenómeno resultante de la demolición del poder dominante debido al fracaso del golpe de estado y la aparición de multiplicidad de poderes atomizados. El estudio de la violencia, como parte constitutiva y definitoria del ejercicio del poder, se destaca en esta investigación dada su importancia en el nuevo marco en el que se desarrolló la colectivización. Esta investigación doctoral estudia las actitudes sociales de la población, en particular de aquellos que vivían con las colectividades y expresaron su apoyo y sus oposiciones. Vinculado con esto, y teniendo en cuenta que el espacio agrícola es el marco de análisis elegido para llevar a cabo esta investigación, los procesos de politización y movilización del campesinado tienen una relevancia principal para esta investigación con el objetivo de desarrollar los paradigmas interpretativos que la estudian. En resumen, comprender cómo se interrelacionó la cultura política del campesinado con la de las clases populares urbanas. El objetivo de esta tesis doctoral es estudiar la vida cotidiana de las colectividades para ver los cambios y las continuidades generadas por la nueva organización, así como cuál fue su extensión territorial y cuáles fueron sus principales garantes. Se le ha dedicado una atención especial en esta investigación a la participación indiscutible de la CNT al proceso de colectivización de la tierra. Sin embargo, la organización anarcosindicalista no fue la única que participó, no lo hizo sola y, por lo tanto, a lo largo de esta investigación doctoral, el papel adoptado por las diferentes formaciones antifascistas a lo largo del proceso revolucionario y cómo se relacionaron entre sí tiene un papel fundamental. En resumen, este trabajo es un estudio conjunto de las colectividades agrarias en Cataluña analizadas dentro de su propio contexto social, económico, político y cultural, atendiendo a sus promotores y los horizontes que estaban dispuestos a alcanzar. Todo esto para contribuir a una mejor comprensión del estudio de la retaguardia republicana española y, más específicamente, al compromiso revolucionario que algunos estaban construyendo mientras duró la Guerra Civil.
This PhD dissertation aims to analyse the development of agrarian collectivisation during the Spanish Civil War. Catalonia is the framework chosen to study this phenomenon, which resulted from the demolition of the dominant power due to the failure of the coup d’etat and the emergence of multiplicity of atomized powers. The study of violence, as a constitutive and defining part of the exercise of power, stands out in this research given its importance in the new framework in which collectivisation developed. In relation to which one, this doctoral research studies the social attitudes of the population, in particular of those who lived within the communities and expressed their support and their oppositions. In addition, since the agricultural space is the framework of analysis chosen for this research, the processes of politicisation and mobilisation of the peasantry are of great relevance for this study in order to develop new and multicausal interpretative paradigms. In short, to grasp how the political culture of the peasantry interrelated with those of the urban popular classes. The objective of this doctoral thesis is also to study the daily life of the communities. This allows to discern the changes and continuities generated by the new organisation, as well as to define its territorial extension and main guarantors. A particular attention has been given to the undisputed participation of the Confederación Nacional del Trabajo as the principal driving force behind the process of collectivisation of land. However, the anarcho-syndicalist organisation was not the only one that participated in those processes. Therefore, the role adopted by the different anti-fascist formations throughout the revolutionary process and their interrelations have been also thoroughly analysed. In brief, this dissertation is a joint study of the agrarian collectivities in Catalonia analysed within their own social, economic, political and cultural context, attending to their drivers, and the horizons they were willing to reach. All this aims to contribute to a better understanding of the study of the Spanish Republican rearguard and, more specifically, to the revolutionary commitment that some were building while the Spanish Civil War lasted.
Villarroya, i. Font Joan 1953. "Violència i repressió a la reraguarda catalana : 1936-1939." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/1997.
Full textL'estudi de la violència en la reraguarda catalana és necessari per conèixer què fou, quan, fins on arribà, quins sectors foren colpits, quin temps tingué, com reaccionaren els qui la visqueren, per apropar-nos a la més variada motivació dels qui l'exerciren, per concretar quants en foren víctimes, per diferenciar les seves professions, opcions politiquees o circumstàncies més diverses. Tot aquest complex món de repressió i violència, mort i represàlia, cal computar-lo d'una manera on les contradiccions de signe polític, període o època en què es produeix, responsabilitat o circumstància sigui possible interpretar-ho dins la vida revolucionària o de guerra que va viure Catalunya de juliol de 1936 a febrer de 1939. D'aquí que la metodologia que hem aplicat es basi en el criteri de fer la recerca més exhaustiva a totes les fonts i documents que hem pogut treballar.
En primer lloc hem seguit tots i cada un dels Registres Civils (Secció de Defuncions) de totes les poblacions de Catalunya, tasca que ens permet elaborar una primera relació de víctimes de repressió i la data del traspàs. També ens permet conèixer la identitat de la majoria de les morts, així com l'edat, el lloc d'origen i el de residència, la professió, l'estat civil, la causa de la mort i, sovint, ens és indicat el lloc i l'hora. Pel que fa als desconeguts, la Generalitat republicana va crear en plena Guerra Civil una comissió que dirigia un Jutge especial, Bertran de Quintana, per la investigació de "Exhumació d'assassinats i inhumacions clandestines", que reuní un important aplec de documentació i realitzà algunes passes importants per a la clarificació de les morts, incloent-hi expedició d'actes de defunció. Tot i així, continuaven fent-se paleses algunes llacunes importants, de manera que en alguns casos vam recòrrer a fons alternatives, com l'Hospital Clínic, on eren conduïts els cadàvers que es trobaven a l'extraradi de Bacelona, o al registre del Dipòsit Judicial.
Un cop analitzades les fonts provinents del costat republicà, ens vam concentrar en l'anàlisi de les fonts sorgides al bàndol dels sublevats, dit "nacional". Després d'acabada la Guerra Civil, el Ministeri de Justícia va posar en marxa l'anomenada "Causa Nacional", que avui es troba dipositada a l' "Archivo HistóricoNacional", radicat a Madrid. Els expedients, força complets, es troben organitzats per províncies i contenen una informació sovint molt exhaustiva de tot allò que succeí durant "la dominación roja", amb l'objectiu d'identificar i de depurar les corresponents responsabilitats político-judicials de les persones que es van veure implicades en els fets violents que tingueren lloc durant tot el període bèl·lic. Tot i la riquesa documental d'aquest fons, el regime franquista només n'usà una petita part i d'una forma absolutament tendenciosa, exagerant els episodis de violència, els abusos i els assassinats.
Altres fons del mateix bàndol, igualment valuoses, sòn per exemple la premsa periòdica (on després del conflicte es van publicar nombrosos articles i esqueles en record de determinats difunts) i un gens menyspreable aplec documental generat per recordatoris, opuscles, butlletins o fins i tot llibres on es recorda les víctimes de la reraguarda (membres de congregacions religioses, càrrecs d'ajuntaments, professionals o simples particulars) basant-se més en una relació directa de coincidència personal, familiar o professional que no pas en una simple voluntat propagandística. De fet, aquesta mena de fonts aporta unes cifres que resulten força ajustades sobre l'abast repressiu en l'àmbit que estudiaven. També cal considerar altres obres monogràfiques sobre la repressió en un àmbit geogràfic concret, on els historiadors locals, tot i manifestar prejudicis ideològics que no tenen res a veure amb la professió historiogràfica, realitzen algunes aportacions que cal tenir en compte.
Els resultats finals de la recerca s'han presentat en tres blocs organitzats de la manera següent: la primera part fa un repàs exhaustiu de la situació general a Catalunya des del juliol del 1936 fins a la fi de la guerra, la segona part fa una anàlisi de la violència i de la repressió a la reraguarda catalana durant el període bèl.lic, i finalment la tercera presenta una proposta de conclusions i un complet annex documental, on es presenten les dades recollides agrupades en funció de les Regions en què fou organitzada Catalunya segons la divisió territorial proposada per la Generalitat republicana. Una bibliografia i una relació de les fonts documentals consultades completen el present treball, que es presenta ara en versió digitalitzada mercès a la còpia dipositada al Centre d'Estudis Històrics Internacionals.
Muxella, Prat Imma. "La Terra en guerra. L'acció de les institucions durant el regnat de Renat d'Anjou (1466-1472)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/112055.
Full textThis research seeks to analyze the role of the Consell de Cent (the ”Council of One Hundred” which served as a governmental body of Barcelona) .as well as the Diputació del General (the permanent representatives of the Court) during the reign of Renat d'Anjou. Although there is some exisiting research on the previous reigns of Enric IV and Pere de Portugal, very little investigation has been done on the reign of Renat d'Anjou, the last king elected by the Consell de Cent and the Diputació in their war against the king Joan II. An analysis of the resulting Accord of Vilafranca (1461) is crucial for understanding the outstanding role of the Consell the Cent and the Diputació during this period. The aim of the Accord was to enable the deputies of representative institutions to gain control over the royal administration. and its officers. This legal text constituted a new deal between the representative institutions and the monarchy which resulted in changes regarding the administration of justice, the observance of law and rule of the country. The thesis is divided into three parts. The first part deals with the political action of the Consell de Cent and the Diputació and the relationship of these entities with the elected Anjou monarchy. It comments upon the interaction between a new monarchy trying to establish its authority and two very powerful institutions that attempted to control and curb its power. The second part describes the military organization of the period : the different types of mobilizations, defense systems, army supplies, etc. The third deals with fiscal politics and public debt during the war, the creation of new taxes, public debt emissions guaranteed by the Taula de Canvi (the Barcelona municipal bank), and the strategies to avoid its bankruptcy due to the high interest rates. The resulting study portrays a society with a very powerful civic structure and a weak military organization whose attempt at a new political organization lasted only for ten years and under war circumstances. It is impossible to venture whether it might have been successful under different circumstances; nevertheless, some of the reforms attempted during this period, were later implemented by the next king Ferran II with only some changes.
Devesa, Pájaro David. "Discursos i llenguatges pacifistes a Catalunya entre la Setmana Tràgica i la Guerra Civil, 1909 -1936." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/397643.
Full textThis PhD dissertation aims to analyse the pacifist speeches published in Catalonia between the Tragic Week (1909) and the beginning of the Civil War (1936). To achieve this goal, this document starts from the conceptual delimitation of the term “pacifism” itself and from the knowledge of its historical trajectory until the nineteenth century. This theoretical framework will allow us to dissect, organize and understand the sources consulted and finally drawing a portrait of the penetration and consolidation of peace languages and ideas in Catalonia in the first decades of the twentieth century. Thus, the key events in the evolution of this pacifist discourse are identified, its contents are defined and also three interpretative categories that are set as pacifism traditions (liberal-democrat, labour and religious) are established. This work will lead to the observation of the interrelations and strategies of the emitters of these discourses and their social, political and intellectual relevance. Finally, paces, intensities, omissions and silences expressed by the sources will be taken into account to portray a period that will end with an abrupt renunciation to pacifism caused by the Civil War.
de, Madariaga Fernández Francisco Javier. "Las industrias de guerra de Cataluña durante la guerra civil." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/8607.
Full textF. Javier de Madariaga Fdez.
En Cataluña durante la guerra civil, prácticamente toda la industria química y sidero- metalúrgica fue reconvertida para el sector bélico.
Esa adaptación se realizó con medios y recursos exclusivamente autóctonos, que fueron puestos en movimiento con prontitud y celeridad. En total 229 centros de trabajo que ocupaban a 55.692 trabajadores.
En la creación de la industria bélica se generó una red fabril estructurada e integrada, dirigida por la Comisión de Industrias de Guerra (CIG) que producía al máximo de sus posibilidades. Las carencias más destacadas en ese conglomerado se intentaron cubrir por parte de la Generalitat a base de rehabilitar viejas instalaciones y construir otras de nueva planta con su propia financiación. Así se levantaron quince centros productivos cuyos resultados combinaron éxitos con fracasos.
En paralelo a ese conglomerado se levantó un aparato técnico-administrativo que lejos de trabar la marcha de los asuntos con profusión de normas y aparato burocrático, fue vital para su creación y desarrollo. Y eso teniendo en cuenta que uno de los problemas más agudos era la poca disponibilidad de especialistas y personal cualificado en cualquier área de trabajo.
La CIG era un organismo de dirección directa de toda la estructura. Su funcionamiento democrático permitía todo tipo de opiniones e ideas en pos del objetivo compartido de fabricar armamento. Era un organismo eminentemente civil, pero con la particularidad de que algunos de sus vocales eran militares y que toda su orientación general le venía de la Consejeria de Defensa.
La Comisión estuvo a punto de ser barrida con la crisis de gobierno de septiembre de 1936, pero al salir de ella fortalecido Tarradellas, aprovechó para anclar su existencia a la Presidencia de la Generalitat. Ese fue el punto decisivo a partir del cual, como presidente a su vez de la CIG, pudo desplegar el poder suficiente para consolidarla políticamente. Él fue su artífice, gestor, y su máximo dirigente.
La estabilidad de su composición durante el primer año de guerra, fue factor básico para poder realizar su tarea; pero la continuidad hasta el mes de agosto de 1938, de prácticamente el mismo equipo humano, también indica una solidez de relaciones políticas y personales entre sus miembros.
Ese entendiemiento en la CIG entre dirigentes de ERC y la CNT se le ha reprochado muchas veces a Tarradellas desde posiciones favorables al Gobierno central. Pero por lo que se refiere a este campo, no hubo ni una sola concesión a medidas o normas que pudieran considerarse de un nuevo orden socio-político. La Comisión funcionaba con criterios de efectividad capitalista, y con un solo objetivo, sometida al Govern, y ligada a la Consejería de Defensa, todo lo cual descarta cualquier control revolucionario. La colaboración entre esas fuerzas, lejos de ser perjudicial, dio el fruto incuestionable de una red de industrias de guerra que producía todo lo que podía; dentro de las innumerables limitaciones que no eran responsabilidad de la CIG, y a veces ni del Gobierno.
En octubre de 1937, el PSUC, dentro de su política de apoyar la centralización que impulsaba el Gobierno, había elegido desarrollar otra alternativa, que para mayor confusión y oportunismo se denominó Comisión de Industrias de Guerra "de Cataluña".
La CIG representaba una red organizativa centralizada que movía día a día la industria, y su cese repentino significaba parar la producción y esperar a que un nuevo organismo estuviera en condiciones de ponerla en marcha. La incautación de la industria particular en octubre de 1937 y el sucesivo hundimiento general de la producción, dan idea de la incapacidad del aparato de la Subsecretaría para dirigir técnica y administrativamente todo el sector.
Tarragona, julio 2003.
OF THE DOCTORAL THESIS, The war industry of Catalonia during the Spanish civil war.
Francisco Javier de Madariaga Fernández
During the Spanish civil war in Catalonian, almost the entire chemistry and steel-and-iron industry was converted into manufactures for the war sector. Such restructuring was made possible exclusively by means of local resources from the autonomous government "la Generalitat". On the whole there were 229 producting premises employing 55.692 workers.
With such an industrial adjustment, all the factories were integrated into a production net that was led by the War Industry Commission (Comisión de Industrias de Guerra, CIG) through which they worked and yielded efficiently.
Despite their adequate performance, the Generalitat tried to tackle the main gaps in this industrial system, on the one hand by refurnishing some old industrial buildings and on the other hand by raising new ones. Thus, 15 new factories were paid and run directly by the Generalitat. Besides, a technical and management structure, which was vital for its existence, was established to develop this industrial group.
One main problem at that time in any area was the lack of staff not only of qualified workers, but also specialist ones. The CIG run directly the whole organization. Its democratic working order let all kind of opinions and ideas pursue the shared target of manufacturing arms.
Essentially it was a civilian organization, but it had the singularity of having among its members some militar carrer men. In addition its general line of production was settled by the autonomous department of Defence.
The Commission nearly disappeared with the government crisis in September 1936. But its president Josep Tarradellas was able to cope with the situation and became strong enough to anchor its existence to the Presidency of the Generalitat. He was the one who designed it, directed it, and its utmost leader.
Due to its stability during the first year of war, it became an steady organization which was very important to succeed in its goal. Apart from that, the continuity of nearly the same human group until august 1938, also showed a strong link of political and personal relationship among its members.
As far as the central government is concerned, they blamed Tarradellas for the understanding and collaboration between leaders of Catalonian Republican Left, (Esquerra Republicada de Cataluña, ERC) and those from the Work National Confederation (Confederación Nacional del Trabajo, CNT). But concerning this field of the civil war, that is to say, the arm industry, there was no concession to measures or rules that may be considered as a new socio-political order.
The Commission worked under capitalistic criteria, subjected to the autonomous government and bound to the autonomous department of defense. Three features which implied no revolutionary control at all.
The cooperation among these political forces, far from being harmful, proved to be successful in making an undeniable net for war industry that produced everything it could. All that among the countless restrictions of supplies beyond either the CIG or the central government responsibility.
In october 1937, the Catalonian Unified Socialist Party (Partido socialista Unificado de Catalunya, PSUC) that backed the central government's policy of general centralization, decided to develop a new entity which was equally and confusedly named CIG, but this time "of Catalonia".
The CIG (the former one) involved a centralizad organization that boosted the industry day after day. The seizure of the entire Catalonian industry, with the exception of the 15 factories belonging to the Generalitat, in October 1937 meant to stop the production. The subsequent general collapse of the structure and production convey the idea of the state military department's incapability to handle the management and the technical assistance of the whole sector.
Freixa, Serra Miquel. "Francesc de Verntallat: Senyor de la Muntanya i capità de remences. biografia narrativa al segle XV." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/386565.
Full textSarti, Emanuela. "La Guerra Civile in Catalogna (1936 - 1939) /." Cagliari : Arxiu de Tradicions, 2001. http://www.gbv.de/dms/sub-hamburg/341461016.pdf.
Full textSantirso, Rodríguez Manuel. "Revolución liberal y guerra civil en Cataluña (1833-1840)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/4810.
Full textHervas, Puyal Carlos. "Sanitat a Catalunya durant la República i la Guerra Civil." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7467.
Full textL'aixecament militar del 18 de juliol de 1936 obre un nou capítol durant el qual tots els elements de la vida del país i la seva gent es veuen trasbalsats pels efectes de la guerra. Dos fenòmens alteren l'aparell sanitari: les conseqüències dels fets bèl·lics modifiquen les necessitats habituals i la politització de les seves estructures transforma l'organització.
El període de la Guerra Civil es divideix en tres etapes cronològiques. La primera comprèn des de l'inici de l'aixecament el juliol del 36 fins al mes d'octubre del mateix any, quan els anarcosindicalistes entren a formar part d'un nou govern de concentració. S'estudia principalment el paper del Comitè Sanitari de Milicies Antifeixistes i la resposta de la Conselleria de Sanitat davant del "nou ordre". La segona etapa s'estén des de l'octubre de 1936 fins als mes de maig de 1937, data que marca la fi de l'hegemonia anarquista. L'actuació del metge Félix Marti Ibáñez, Director general del Departament, i el paper del Consell de Sanitat de Guerra omplen el capìtol. La tercera etapa recull la darrera fase de la guerra a Catalunya, fins el mes de gener de 1939. La conselleria ha de fer front als problemes dels bombardeigs, dels refugiats, de la manca de queviures i de l'empitjorament de les condicions higièniques i sanitàries de la població. La progresiva militarització de la Sanitat es tradueix en la creació i ampliació de la xarxa d'Hospitals de Sang.
El final de la guerra, amb els problemes sanitaris dels civils i soldats que marxen cap a l'exili marca la fi de l'estudi.
En este trabajo se estudia la política y la organización sanitarias llevadas a cabo por el Gobierno de Cataluña durante el período que abarca desde la proclamación de la Segunda República en abril de 1931 hasta el final de la Guerra Civil a principios de 1939.
Durante los primeros años del régimen republicano, y tras unas primeras medidas de contenido circunstancial, la aprobación del Estatuto de Autonomía permite al gobierno catalán iniciar una discreta labor legislativa, que se verá interrumpida por los sucesivos cambios de orientación política. Destaca en este período el protagonismo del consejero Josep Dencàs.
El período de la Guerra Civil se divide en tres etapas cronológicas. Durante la primera (julio-octubre de 1936) se estudia principalmente el papel del Comité Sanitario de las Milicias Antifascistas y la respuesta de la Consejería de Sanidad ante el "nuevo orden". La segunda etapa (octubre 1936- mayo 1937) termina con el fin de la hegemonía anarquista. La actuación del médico Félix Martí Ibáñez, Director General de Sanidad y Asistencia Social, y el papel del Consejo de Sanidad de Guerra llenan este capítulo. Durante la tercera etapa (mayo 1937-enero 1939) la Consejería se enfrenta a los problemas que plantean los bombardeos aéreos, los refugiados, la falta de alimentos y el empeoramiento de las condiciones higiénicas y sanitarias de la población. Finalmente, la progresiva militarización de la Sanidad se traduce en la creación y ampliación de una extensa red de Hospitales destinados a acoger a los combatientes heridos y enfermos.
In this work we study the sanitary politic and organization developed by the Catalunya Government during the period between the proclamation of the Second Republic in Abril 1931 and the end of the Civil War at the beginning of 1939.
In the early stage of the Republican Régime, and after the first arrangements, the approval of the Autonomy Statute allowed the Catalan Government to start a reasonable legislative labour, which was often interrupt by the several political changes. To point up during this period the importance of the Councillor Josep Dencàs.
The Civil War Period is divided in three chronological stages. During the first stage ( July- October 1936) the role of the Sanitary Committee of the Antifascist Militia and the answer of the Health Ministry towards the 'new order' was studied.
The second stage ( October 1936- May 1937) finished with the end of the Anarchist hegemony. To remark the work of the doctor Felix Martí Ibañez, Sanitary and Welfare Managing Director, and the role of the Military Health Council
During the third stage ( May 1937- January 1939) the Ministry faced the problems of the raids, refugees, shortage of food and the deterioration of health and hygienic people conditions. Finally, the progressive militaritation of the Public Health led to the creation of a wide system of hospitals to assist wounded and sick people.
Serra, i. Sala Rosa 1956. "Ajuda humanitària dels quàquers als infants de Catalunya durant la Guerra Civil." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7986.
Full textDuring the Civil War, the Quakers set out three objectives in their work.The points of conflict had to be detected, providing direct help and feeding the children through the canteens in order to avoid movements that would disorientate the child refugees even further. They then saw the need to focus on and organise children's holidays in the country and the mountain in order to take them away from the unhealthy and destructive aspects, improve their health and education and overcome their state of malnutrition. All the witnesses with whom I have been lucky enough to speak with were grateful. The third was to coordinate some sources of humanitarian aid from abroad through the International Commission in order to unify the work criteria, make the utmost of the resources and to best channel both economic aid and aid in kind that arrived from different countries. Their support was excellent and they saved many lives.
Gracia, Sánchez Mercè. "Les polítiques de salvaguarda del patrimoni cultural a Catalunya: de la Guerra Civil a la Postguerra (1936-1943)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/398134.
Full textThe research is framed inside the analysis on the policies of heritage preservation in conflict periods, taking into account that the heritage often becomes an object of political, and even military, confrontation, for their symbolic, logistical and economic implications. Therefore, the thesis focuses on the analysis of the political action of protection of cultural heritage during the Spanish Civil War and in the immediate post-war period in Catalonia, understanding these actions as ideological policies (symbolic and political uses of heritage) and techniques (preservation policies before the plundering and destruction of cultural heritage), by the two warring sides. The knowledge of policies for the preservation of the heritage in times of war becomes a remarkable example of public policies in relation to the heritage in limit situations, which makes us understand the socio-political importance of heritage and its identity value. In this regard, the research is intended to be a contribution to the analysis of the social and symbolic meanings of heritage and at the same time of its governance. It is therefore a historical research, focused on the analysis of the management policies of the heritage between 1936 and 1943; using a methodology primarily qualitative and documentary. Starting from bibliographic sources, the analysis of the legal provisions of the period, the writings of direct witnesses, the press, some articles and materials graphic of those ages.
Cabezas, Sánchez Adrián. "La defensa de la costa a Catalunya durant la Guerra Civil (1936-1939)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/129446.
Full textDuring the Spanish Civil War, the defense of the Catalan coast played a prominent role and virtually forgotten during the course of the conflict. All the Catalan coast was arming as if it was another front, with bunkers and coastal batteries because of the attacks that it would have to suffer throughout the conflict. The naval bombardments featuring ships and submarines under the command of the insurgent side, as well as aerial bombardments that would suffer the Catalan coast and maritime traffic, cause the rapid defense of it, but it not would be organized efficiently due to the shortage of armaments that the government side would suffer. At this litoral defense forces would add a small coastal defense fleet of fishing boats (some armed) that would be called "Flotilla de Vigilància i Defensa Antisubmarina de Catalunya" and would make a great work in the vigilance and protection of maritime traffic, but insufficient in front of the power armament from the insurgent side. Also, it was created for the coast defense, the "Esquadrilla de Defensa de Costes" with the mission to protect the skies of the Catalan coast, but at a disadvantage compared to his opponent. However, all these elements of coastal defense fulfilled a more than worthy role in the task and had the common target of preventing any attack from the coast or a possible landing of troops on the Catalan coast, however this latter action never take place throughout the armed conflict.
Dueñas, Iturbe Oriol. "La gran destrucció. Els danys de guerra i la reconstrucció de Catalunya després de la Guerra Civil (1937-1957)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/117599.
Full textGREAT DESTRUCTION. DAMAGE OF WAR AND RECONSTRUCTION CATALONIA AFTER THE CIVIL WAR (1937-1957) This paper is structured into two distinct parts. In the first part, focusing on the damage, explained as occurred during the war years the destruction of infrastructures in Catalonia. To have been brought up and answered the following questions: What was destroyed? What was the most damaged infrastructure? Who or what was responsible for this destruction? How, when and where they occur? And finally what looked to their annihilation? In this sense, in this first part, explained how the raids were the most responsible for the destruction of infrastructure Catalan ports, power stations, part of the rail system and to a lesser extent, bridges and roads. On the other hand, in this first part, explained how the Republican troops, especially from the beginning of the military occupation of Catalonia, were the authors of the destruction of most bridges the territory. These actions were tied to a defensive military tactical concept that sought to prevent the rebel advance and protect, while the Republican retreat. In the second part, explained how he carried out the reconstruction of these facilities once the war ended. As in the first part, other than explanations, have raised a series of questions to understand the actions reconstructive ran the dictatorship: What was rebuilt? Who or what was responsible for rebuilding? What difficulties were? How long and where to perform this reconstruction and whether it was important or not. All this has served to show that Catalonia was one of the areas of the state that suffered the most damage. The performance of the aviation infrastructure rebel Catalan subsequent destruction of hundreds of bridges during the Republican retreat left the country virtually devastated regarding communications. The subsequent dictatorship, through the Army, prisoners of war, the Devastated Regions and Public Works began a reconstruction, which due to the lack of specialized personnel, financial resources and autarkic economic policy, that deprived the country of many materials, lasted until almost twenty years since the end of the war.
Trevas, Leonardo Lucena. "Espírito de Cristal: um estudo sobre Homage to Catalonia, de George Orwell." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8147/tde-18032015-122353/.
Full textThe main objective of this research is to study the process of ideological transformation of George Orwell\'s (1903-1950) political consciousness, by means of a dialectical materialism perspective, in the book Homage to Catalonia, originally published in 1938. In that manner, this research has tried to comprehend Orwell\'s path in Spain and Catalonia, as a combatant in the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939), through the analysis of the historic and political context of that time and place. We have studied quotes from Homage to Catalonia, as well as from other works by George Orwell, discussing them with the aid of the critical fortune on the author\'s body of work. We have also tried to understand the interpretation and appropriation of Orwell\'s thought by other authors, confronting those visions with Orwell\'s own words
Esculies, Joan 1976. "Josep Tarradellas (1899-1936) : Dels orígens a la Guerra Civil." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/97041.
Full textThe thesis Josep Tarradellas (1899-1936). From Origins to the Civil War explores the youth of the President of the Generalitat de Catalunya (1954-1980) and the period of his political education. The research shows how the development and professional experience of Tarradellas, as a shop assistant, sales representative and business man, influenced his later political action. It argues that Tarradellas used the organizational skills learned in his job as the basis of his management, planning and pragmatic policies and appears in this respect, to share a profile more closely related to American businessmen that became politicians, than to his Catalan and Spanish political contemporaries. The thesis stops at the beginning of the Spanish Civil War, when the training of Tarradellas as a politician ends and when he becomes a central figure of the new period as an ‘adult’ politician. The work also argues that Tarradellas set up a false narrative on his youth, during the period 1977-1988, which has been commonly accepted. The thesis suggests that this alteration, far from being the result of forgetfulness, was done with the aim of searching for legitimization as a President in order to tie his image to that of President Francesc Macià (1931-1933).
ROTUREAU, GILABERT EMILIENNE. "La prose narrative en catalan (1968-1975) chez les ecrivains nes apres la guerre civile." Lyon 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO20057.
Full textThe present study deals with the catalan prose literature published between 1968 and 1975 by novelists born after the civil war. It opens with a brief panorama of the cultural opposition at the time of franco in spain as well as in catalonia where catalan was then forbidden. After corpus (about twenty books) has been presented, we come to the study of the different recurring themes which can be isolated and try ti find what those works have in common. The passage from childhood to manhood - teaching, family life, sexuality, quest of self, etc. - always seems stories which we studied. Through this theme are staged tormented characters who, most of the time, find and answer to their questions only in flight. Reading plays a prominent part in the lives of the characters and references to books are many in novels as well as in short stories. Intertextuality is a way of entering the inside world of the characters as well as of the novelists'. The protagonists appear also prone to writing - another way of escaping -. Most of the time, the adult hero looks back on his past and becomes a narrator-character. Often, too, the desire for creation goes with a reflexion and a questioning on the very act of writing
Real, Mercadal Neus. "Dona i literatura en els anys trenta: la narrativa de les escriptores catalanes fins a la guerra civil." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/32181.
Full textThis thesis begins with an overview of the Catalan literary production of women between the 20's and the 30's. It then goes through an analysis of the narratives of six of seven outstanding novelists and their critical reception. Finally, it ends up with a complete review of the career of the seventh and most important writer Mercè Rodoreda. In the first part, the fundamental dialectic between tradition and modernity as well as the general access of women in the cultural production and consumption in the specific context of our country, provides the necessary background to describe the map and the situation of an increasing amount of public (female audience) and a considerable number of writers, whose activities shock: more than six hundred women cultivate all genres (poetry, translation, children's literature, theater and prose) and they extend their activities towards other areas like journalism, participating in conferences, creating associations and doing militancy in social or political actions. The quantitative data are combined with the reflection of some relevant aspects (understanding the concept of feminism, the creation of a female literary tradition and a debate about art and morality, etc.) to expose the fundamental components this complex phenomenon and to suggest new lines of research of this unknown chapter of the contemporary Catalan literature. The second part examines the narratives of Maria Teresa Vernet, Carmen Montoriol, Rosa Maria Arquimbau, Anna Murià, Elvira Augusta Lewi and Aurora Bertrana. The female condition is the main question of this diachronic analysis. These authors are responsible for the emerging female literary production due to their recognition. Moreover their promotion had a clear strategic direction. Their stories, the way they were received by the public and the writers themselves represent the effort to modernize the social, cultural and literary reality in Catalonia, as a response to a specific national project, which also aimed to be like some other European realities. This framework also shows the deep changes that were affecting women in a versatile world, opened to new opportunities but stuck to traditional values. The third and final part is a review of the first stage of Rodoreda's career as a writer. It shows how the basis of her corpus are built over these years. From the beginning the author seeks a commitment with her time especially through the novels (the genre and their parody as well as the link between the tradition and modernity). However her research also takes a considerable number of forms and answers to certain approaches to personal needs and the specific cultural context. Beside her first four novels, she also wrote other genres like tales, theater, children's literature, essays, criticism and journalism. Her novel Aloma, completed in 1936, represents a milestone for what she published afterwards.
Boquera, Diago Ester. "La batalla de la persuasió durant la Guerra Civil. El cas del Comissariat de Propaganda de la Generalitat de Catalunya (1936-1939)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Ramon Llull, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/300589.
Full textEsta investigación se centra en el estudio del Comissariat de Propaganda, el órgano oficial de persuasión que el gobierno de la Generalitat de Catalunya creó con el inicio de la Guerra Civil (1936-1939). El objetivo de la tesis es, por un lado, reconstruir y explicar cronológicamente la actividad desarrollada por este organismo. Por otro lado, analizar desde un punto de vista comunicativo las técnicas que empleó, sus objetivos, los públicos receptores y la evolución que experimenta como institución emisora. El propósito final es definir los aspectos que caracterizan su modelo persuasivo, partiendo de la hipótesis que ejecutó la propaganda con un estilo particular, marcado por el uso frecuente de medios y técnicas persuasivas basadas en la publicidad y otras de inspiración anglosajona desarrolladas durante la Gran Guerra (1914-1918). En cuanto a la estructura, la primera parte pretende aclarar conceptos clave como la propaganda y otros términos afines. La segunda parte expone los antecedentes comunicativo-persuasivos desde el inicio de la Primera Guerra Mundial hasta el fin de la Guerra Civil. La tercera parte explica la actividad del Comissariat de Propaganda según unos puntos de inflexión que vienen determinados por acontecimientos como los Sucesos de Mayo de 1937, el establecimiento del gobierno de la República en Barcelona o la llegada del frente a Cataluña.
The focus of the research is the study of the Comissariat de Propaganda, the official persuasive organization that the government of the Generalitat de Catalunya created with the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939). The aim of the doctoral dissertation is, on one hand, reconstruct and explain chronologically the activity developed by this organism. On the other, the research also wants to analyze from a communicative point of view the techniques that employed, its objectives, the targets and the evolution of the institution. The final purpose is to define the aspects that characterize its persuasive model, starting from the hypothesis that it executed the propaganda with a particular style, marked by the frequent use of persuasive methods and techniques based on advertising and others of Anglo-Saxon inspiration developed during the Great War (1914-1918). In terms of structure, the first part wants to elucidate key concepts like propaganda and other related terms. The second part exposes the communicational antecedents since the start of the First World War until the end of the Spanish Civil War. The third part explains the activity of the Comissariat de Propaganda from some turning points according to certain events like the May Days of 1937, the settlement of the Spanish Republican government into Barcelona or when the battlefront reached Catalonia.
Clarós, Blanch Pedro. "Participación de familias catalanas en la salvación de la Comunidad de la Cartuja de Montalegre, (Tiana, 1936)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669167.
Full textIntroducció. La Guerra Civil a Espanya va ser un període conflictiu per a la població civil en general de tots dos bàndols, però una part d'ella molt damnificada va ser la dels religiosos i religioses i les seves institucions eclesiàstiques. Afortunadament hi va haver una protecció especial, per part de la població civil, d'organismes internacionals i benefactors, que corrent el risc de perdre les seves vides, es van lliurar a la seva salvació. Una d'aquestes ordres religioses és la de la Cartoixa de Montalegre que van patir assalt i crema del seu monestir i al seu torn el assassinats de diversos dels seus monjos. Objectius. Passats més de 80 anys dels fets ocorreguts s'ha volgut fer en aquesta Tesi Doctoral, un repàs històric aclarint alguns punts dubtosos i buscant en profunditat l'ajuda i participació de les persones, famílies i institucions privades, publiques i internacionals que van aconseguir, entre totes , la salvació de la comunitat del cenobi cartoixà. Resultats. S'ha aconseguit personalitzar els diferents membres i famílies benefactores que van intervenir en l'ajuda als monjos. S'han analitzat els detalls dels afusellament dels religiosos, efectuant un detallat examen de les restes òssies i trobat tots els documents que confirmen com es van produir. A més s'han localitzat els responsables de tals desordres i assassinats i com la justícia els ha jutjat. En aquesta investigació històrica s'han trobat documents únics i inèdits, tant de l'Arxiu Privat de Montalegre, de la família Clarós, com del Centre Diplomàtic de França, els de la Fiscalia i de l'Arxiu Militar.
Corderas, Ibarz Frederic. ""Als esportius de tot el món!” El fenomen esportiu i la causa republicana a Catalunya durant la Guerra Civil Espanyola." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Ramon Llull, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/666119.
Full textEl objeto de estudio de este proyecto es la actividad deportiva y el desarrollo socio-deportivo en la retaguardia republicana en Cataluña y en el frente internacional durante la Guerra Civil Española. La investigación se ha centrado en el estudio de la organización de actividades deportivas, su gestión y la institucionalización política y social, la vinculación con entidades, partidos y sindicatos, su impacto público y político y la extensión internacional. El objetivo del estudio es conocer la naturaleza, las razones y el alcance del fenómeno deportivo como instrumento ideológico, social y político en la retaguardia republicana y en el frente internacional durante la Guerra Civil Española. Como conclusión hay que destacar que los actos deportivos no sólo no se detuvieron sino que mediante la dimensión solidaria, competitiva y militar se fueron desarrollando a lo largo de todo el conflicto. El fenómeno deportivo constituyó un elemento en provecho de la lucha contra el fascismo tanto en España como en el frente internacional.
The object of study of this project is the sports activity and socio-sports development in the republican rearguard in Catalonia and on the international front during the Spanish Civil War. The research has focused on the study of the organization of sports activities, their management and the political and social institutionalization, the link with entities, parties and unions, their public and political impact and international expansion. The objective of the study is to know the nature, the reasons and the scope of the sports phenomenon as an ideological, social and political instrument in the republican rearguard and on the international front during the Spanish Civil War. In conclusion, it should be noted that the sporting events not only stopped but that through the solidarity, competitive and military dimension were developed throughout the conflict. The sporting phenomenon was an element in favor of the fight against fascism both in Spain and on the international front.
López, Rovira Carles. "La conquesta de Catalunya: diari d’operacions de l’exèrcit del nord (desembre de 1938-febrer 1939)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/42308.
Full textBetween December 1938 and February 1939 was developed the last big battle between the loyal forces and revels in the framework of the Spanish civil war. In November 1938 the republican troops crossed Ebro River again, recovering to the same positions occupied in July, and ending the battle begun by ORAG’s forces, The Oriental Region’s Armies Group. At those moments Catalonia is the weakest territory under the control of the Republic. Catalonia military units are spoiled because of the recent battles in Segre, Noguera Pallaresa and Ebre areas, and they have few possibilities of receiving reinforcements from Madrid or Valencia areas: impossible by foot and with large difficulties by maritime lines. Spoiled and isolated from their friend forces, these military units were an important war objective. At the Generalísimo Headquarters, the intention is to initiate new operations in this area with a strategic approach, organized in three phases. First, they are going to try to destroy the operative capacity of the enemy. Moving their troops fast to the East and overcoming both strengthened lines between the Pyrenees and the Mediterranean: L-1 and L-2. Afterwards, the communications with France must be cut, occupying the entire border from the Pallars to Empordà area. Due to these operations Barcelona will stay isolated, and won’t be able to resist the siege for a long time. Barcelona will have to come to terms (subdue, give up). General Franco entrusts this mission to North Army units under control of General-minister Fidel Dávila. Those units were the biggest forces assembled during the war, and its aim was to advance up to the total occupation of Catalonia. The force was composed by six army corps and more than one thousand of pieces of artillery. Mortars, antitank and automatic armament, armoured cars…, in addition the whole aviation was focussed in this assault and the navy centred on the maritime blockade. The weakest and most important objective versus the strongest army with many elite corps, volunteers and mercenaries, all of them well trained and experienced. The argument of the thesis is supported by military documentation written by the attacking army. Those documents allow us to know how they thought, prepared and executed the operation. The High Central Commandant will choose the operations scenery and will prepare the military campaign, entrusting it to the North’s Army. The North Army will organise its six army corps to fulfil the orders. Infantry units will inform about the news and daily events of the war. All this information will go back to the Central Commandant, which will take news decisions and orders depending of the evolution of the events. We are able to recreate daily events about Catalonia war phase in the shape of a diary. News of the battles, troop’s movements, soldiers fallen in combat, prisoners and the war earnings captured to the enemy.
Berger, Mulattieri Gonzalo 1977. "Les Milícies Antifeixistes de Catalunya. 21 de juliol – 31 de desembre de 1936." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/418803.
Full textL'organització de les Milícies Antifeixistes de Catalunya va suposar la plasmació de la resposta social i política dels fets ocorreguts a Catalunya a partir de la derrota de la revolta militar del 19 de juliol de 1936. Milers de voluntaris van formar unitats militars amb l'objectiu de defensar la república, la revolució o els drets nacionals de Catalunya. El document analitza la seva estructura de comandament i finançament i aprofundeix en la composició ideològica, el paper dels militars, les dones o els estrangers, la quantitat i el valor numèric de les diferents columnes als fronts d'Aragó, Balears i Madrid.
Conesa, Soriano Julia. "Entre l'Église et la ville : le chapitre et les chanoines à Barcelone au sortir de la guerre civile catalane (1472-1500)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040078.
Full textThis PhD thesis analyses the cathedral chapter of Barcelona and its members at the end of the 15th century. This institution proves to be a major urban actor. Beyond their religious powers, bishops and canons proved to be closely involved in the history of Barcelona. Their functions grant them lands, which turn them into important landlords in the city and its surroundings. The canonicate gives them access to the "ecclesiastical arm" of the Crown of Aragon’s political institutions such as the Diputació del General de Catalunya and the Corts. Their social origins integrate them into the networks of personal relations that structure the urban oligarchy: they are fully part of the ruling elite of Barcelona and they occupy a very specific place there, because of their belonging to the Church. This situation places them at the junction of power networks, sometimes antagonistic and sometimes allied: those of the Church, those of the municipal political elite, and those of the family groups constituting the oligarchy. At the end of the Catalan Civil War of 1462-1472, Barcelona, main city of Catalonia, undergoes profound socio-political transformations: an official list of the patricians is established, the municipal government opens to the nobility and undertakes several economic recovery measures after the disturbances caused by the war. The study shows that the cathedral chapter, fully integrated with the ruling elite of the city, has to play a real role in the public life of the city during this period
Serra, Armengol Maria de Lluc. "Els museus catalans en els primers anys del franquisme. Anàlisi de la utilització dels centres museístics catalans en el període 1939-1947." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/289569.
Full textThis thesis has as its main objective the analysis of what happened to the museums of Catalonia during the first years of the Francoist dictatorship. In order to understand this period it is necessary to analyze the role that the Servicio de Defensa del Patrimonio Artístico Nacional played in relation to the museums, and as such the impact that this institution had on the museums. This has been possible thanks to the analysis of more than 4.000 documents unknown until now.Using this historical framework we present a study of the Catalan museums at the moment that they were reopened again just after the civil war. This is also compared to the functioning of museums before the war and what happened with them during the conflict. As such, an analysis is made of the main activities that took place in the museums at this period, how the museums boards worked, as well as the institutions that existed in that moment that contributed to restart the activity in the museums as early as 1939.
Garangou, i. Tarrés Sònia. "Les Joventuts Llibertàries a Catalunya. Origen, Estructura i Context (1932-1939)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/398541.
Full textThis research rebuilds the origin, structure and historical context of the Libertarian Youth in Catalonia from 1932 until the end of the Civil War. Despite previous researches on this state organization, such as Jesús López Santamaría’s doctoral thesis in 1983, there was not any specific research focused on our territory and especially within the first formative years. The absence of detailed studies is understood concerning most of other youth organizations of the time which, despite having high points of development during the inter-war period, often remain forgotten in historiography or are seen just as an attachment of other ‘grown-up’ organizations. In the case of the Libertarian Youth in Catalonia, the signs the initial hypothesis of this research is based on, show that they had a highly marked personality which sometimes entered into conflict with the CNT-FAI, besides, they had a more complex organisational and territorial structure than thought. The tracing of how the first groups were formed in Catalonia during the Second Republic, the mechanisms that were used to articulate its structure, how the Catalonian youth participated in the political events of the time, which the connection to the Federación Ibérica de Juventudes Libertarias (FIJL) was and the influence of the internal conflict between the trentistas and the FAI tendency in the creation of this youth organization the CNT was enduring. Its development and its relation to the libertarian youths from the rest of the state has been possible thanks to the collecting, arrangement and extraction of the scattered information about the organisation formed by records of congresses and meetings, circulars, and publications at a local or regional scope. It has also been possible to rebuild which role the young Catalan libertarians played during the Civil War, its debates and internal crisis, the confrontations they had with the CNT-FAI and the FIJL, when they started disagreeing with the official position adopted by the anarcho-syndicalists and the growth of the institution which arrived to most of the Catalan regions. This study departs from these other local organisation adding the perspective of the territorial structure as an extra element to analyse that takes us to the difficulties and contradictions the base groups had to deal with, helping us to understand better the political militancy profile and broadening the image we would have of the organisation if we only focused in the leaders discourses. The connection with the political events and the ideological disputes of the time completes the portrait and helps us to understand most of their actions and decisions, strengthening the need of this constant dialogue among the origin, the structure and the context of what was the most important youth organisation in Catalonia during the 30s
Esteba, López Joaquin. "La sindicació de les arts plàstiques a Catalunya durant la Guerra Civil (1936-1939). Institucions d’operacions ideològiques i polarització entre l’art d’avantguarda i el realisme." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667199.
Full textEl focus de la present tesi el posem en la concepció del realisme i de l'avantguarda durant la Guerra Civil espanyola a Catalunya des de dos grans pilars: la concepció del nacionalisme implícit en el conflicte i la sindicació obligatòria dels artistes plàstics des de l’estiu de l’any 1936, que van suposar la institucionalització de la cultura en la seva necessitat d’alfabetització de la societat civil del moment. De quina manera aquests pilars van permetre una llibertat estètica per part de l’artista? Des de l’eixamplament de l’estètica en àmbits com la política en base la dicotomia art compromès / compromís de l’art, analitzem la posició dels artistes davant del realisme, el neoromanticisme, l’art d’avançada, les Avantguardes. De quina manera la qüestió política relacionada amb el Front Popular antifeixista i la revolució espanyola es sincronitza en la fonamentació teòrica del realisme i de l'avantguarda?
Porta, i. Capdevila Frederic Josep. "Josep Maria Batista i Roca (1895-1978): Biografia del primer intel·lectual independentista." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/671156.
Full textThe present doctoral dissertation aims to study the life of the pro-independence catalan intellectual Josep Maria Batista i Roca, both in his public activity and in his private life. From its birth in 1895 until its death in 1978, we trace his career and his relationship with Catalan nationalism and the history of Catalonia in the 20th century.
Blin, Fanny. "Les Antigones espagnoles : modalités esthétiques et idéologiques des reprises de la figure mythique, de la Guerre Civile à la Transition." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BOR30024.
Full textEchoing the traumatic conflict within the nation caused by the Civil War and crystallized during Franco’s era, Antigone’s reappearance was extremely intense in Spanish dramatic creation. In contemporary rewritings, the resistance of this tragic character from Greek mythology turned out to be the emblem of a “fairer memory” (Ricoeur, 2000). This work asserts that the Spanish Antigones converge and share a common signification when it comes to rewriting History; and resorts to a comparative study of structures and symbols to shed light on the continuity between the Castilian, Catalan and Galician versions, between those written in exile or not, from 1936 to 1989. In order to establish the common dynamic, eighteen plays are compared, whose key idea is to create a memorial and a redeeming discourse based on the Greek sources but also inspired by other versions of the tragedy. Therefore, the first part examines the strategies implemented to rearrange the mythical pattern, the historical context and the tragic genre. This leads to the conclusion that there is no permanent mythical core nor a fully recurrent referential scheme. As such, the notion of “contemporary (re)configurations” through the prism of politics seems relevant to describe the rewritings. The second part analyses the aesthetic convergences and the recurring themes and metaphors throughout the texts and concludes that in the contemporary Spanish Antigones, the image of the margins embodying exclusion takes on centre stage while the image of the path is resorted to in order to evoke broken destinies and exile. Basically, these plays create a literary tomb for the forgotten deceased but also a monument in honour of the invisible –alive– ones. The aesthetic dimension of this compensatory play requires a reflection upon its cathartic sense in a transforming society during the Transition to democracy. Indeed, the third part of this work focuses on the dramatization of History, making it crucial to study the scenic devices that dismantle the official stories and political myths. This reveals the strategies of “demystification” followed by new mythifications that portray a distorting image of the Spanish community in crisis. Ultimately, these practices of rewriting show that the playwrights conceived their time as an epic and mythical phase which could be purged by theatrical ceremonial thanks to a distancing effect that covers a large prism, from sacred to grotesque
Puigarnau, Torelló Xavier. "Economia i cultura en el primer exili. França, 1939-1940. Les finances de la Generalitat de Catalunya i les residències de Montpeller i Tolosa." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/284789.
Full textEsta tesis doctoral aborda el primer momento de exilio de la Generalitat de Catalunya después de la conquista del Principado por parte de las tropas franquistas. El estudio se centra en las finanzas y organización de la institución catalana en Francia, considerándolas indispensables para materializar su estrategia de supervivencia en tres áreas básicas: asistencia a los refugiados, fomento y conservación de la cultura catalana y sostenimiento de las ideas políticas de perfil catalanista republicano. La residencia de Montpellier, instituida por la Generalitat i fomentada especialmente por el Presidente Lluís Companys, resultará una pieza clave en su estrategia de soporte a los refugiados, fundamentalmente, de perfil político. x Por contraste, la residencia de Toulouse, promovida por intelectuales franceses y destinada a docentes y profesores universitarios exiliados, representa un paradigma de la incapacidad de la Generalitat de Catalunya para llevar a cabo las iniciativas inicialmente previstas. La falta crónica de financiación proveniente del gobierno republicano español exiliado, será una de las principales causas de esta situación.
In this doctoral dissertation the author deals with the first chronological stages of the Generalitat de Catalunya exiled in France short after the victory of the General Franco troops over the Republican side of the Spanish Civil War. The main focus is given to the finances and logistics of the Government in exile which are considered vital for their surviving strategy in three main areas: the assistance to the refugees, the preservation and promotion of Catalan culture and ultimately the maintainance of the Republican Catalanist political ideals. The foundation of the Hall of Residents in the city of Montpellier by the Generalitat, and its special promotion by the President Lluís Companys are both considered in this work to be the key factors to explain the Government’s strategy to mainly support political refugees. The Hall of Residents in the city of Toulouse, promoted by French intellectuals and conceived for housing school teachers and university professors was unlikewise a paradigm of the Generalitat inability to lead their initially scheduled purposes. Following this dissertation hypotheses one of the main causes to this historical fact had to be with the continuous lack of financial support from the side of the Spanish Government in exile.
Teixidor, i. Colomer Anna 1978. "Josep Puig Pujades (1883-1949) : cultura, periodisme i pensament polític en el catalanisme republicà." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/108719.
Full textJosep Puig Pujades (1883-1949) was key to the revival of Republicanism. This movement was a direct inheritor of the long federalist tradition in Empordà combined with Progressive Catalanism seen in the first part of the twentieth century. His extensive journalistic and literary writings show the important ideological role he played as an intellectual in the creation of a civic-cultural project as a means of transforming society through the promotion of education and culture. The government positions he held during the Second Republic and responsibilities on the board of Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya helped to consolidate him as one of the leading figures of Catalanist Republicanism before the Spanish Civil War.
Prémonville, de Maisonthou Antoine-Louis de. "Chronopathie. La crise mémorielle et ses lois dans l'Espagne contemporaine de 1931 à nos jours." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO30032.
Full textOver the past decade, the question of Spanish historical memory has been debated a lot. Whereas the memory of the Spanish Civil War’s defeated had been kept silenced for years, nowadays, the story of direct witnesses – often told by themselves or their heirs – has become inevitable from a historical, cultural and political point of view (see the “historical memory” Act). Many best-selling books and box-office hit films dealing with this painful historical period have contributed to generalise some neglected events which had not always been properly transmitted to the younger generations. However, the memorial activism of various individuals is not unanimously accepted. Indeed, some people consider that such a revival of a painful past might pose a threat to a national harmony which was not easy to obtain. Others, belonging to the national fraction, feel directly accused by the late “triumph” of yesterday’s defeated. The frequent parallel drawn between the Civil War and a would-be fight of the “goods” against the “evils”, has fuelled a partisan debate at the expense of historical truth. The debate on historical memory has become so serious that some analysts do wonder if the Civil War is over or not. The evolution of historiography since 1931 is real, but it should not be explained exclusively by the biased opposition of the heirs of both camps. In fact, we have to take into account deeper reasons at the roots of the problem. The Spanish case cannot be dissociated from a European context, even if it has to be explained by its own particular reasons which affect many other knowledge domains
Vargas, Puga Matias. "La Cnt a la Politica Catalana Durant la Guerra Civil (1936-1939). Els Del Vallès Occidental Ajuntaments." Diss., 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/71506.
Full text"Sanitat a Catalunya durant la República i la Guerra Civil." Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2005. http://www.tesisenxarxa.net/TDX-1227107-125336/.
Full text"Ajuda humanitària dels quàquers als infants de Catalunya durant la Guerra Civil." Universitat de Girona, 2007. http://www.tesisenxarxa.net/TDX-0715108-143957/.
Full textVargas, Puga Matias. "El Protagonismo Politico de la CNT en los Ayuntamientos Catalanes Durante la Guerra Civil." 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/71504.
Full textFernandes, Joana Couto. "Movimentos europeus no século XVII:Nápoles, Inglaterra, Portugal e Catalunha." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/92882.
Full textIn this reflection we propose, using historical sociology, to enter a field of study that is, at least, controversial or problematic - the study of revolutions. This theme, frightening because of its density, mirrors past, present and future societies. Through simple and proper guidelines, we focus this dissertation on four revolutionary cases apparently independent of each other: Portugal, Spain, Kingdom of Naples and England. The post-revolutionary alterations and claims will provide the context for the object in study, while the duration of its effects – whether short-term or long-term measures – will help define its effectiveness. In these four cases we will find that several different factors align and repeat themselves: the revolts of the lower groups; the ineffectiveness of the apparatus defined by the existing governments; the attempt to break the state by reactionary leaders. We will also reflect on the whole revolutionary trajectory, highlighting various causal dimensions - democracy, war, political centrality, popular position, among others - and through them to ponder the relationship of competition between states and action by government, which will affect all involved. We propose, therefore, an observation capable of encompassing historical sociology, in all its variants, and of expanding structural and nonstructural causal analysis, pointing out the relevance of the social agent, mentalities, culture, religion, and symbolism.
Desrosiers, Judy-Ann. "Mémoire de la Guerre civile espagnole : l'engagement politique de Roberto Gerhard dans ses ballets Don Quixote et Pandora." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20804.
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