Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Guerra en l'art'
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Jiménez, Fernández Lourdes. "El reflejo de Wagner en las artes plásticas españolas. De la Restauración a la Primera Guerra Mundial." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/352219.
Full textSun, Zi Griffith Samuel B. Liddell Hart Basil Henry Wang Francis. "L'art de la guerre /." Paris : Flammarion, 1992. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37236988g.
Full textFraga, Joana Margarida Ribeirete de. "Three revolts in images: Catalonia, Portugal and Naples (1640-1647)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/664390.
Full textEsta tesis tiene como objetivo analizar el papel de la comunicación política visual durante las revueltas de 1640-1647 en Cataluña, Portugal y Nápoles. Las fuentes visuales han jugado un papel de gran importancia en el desarrollo de los conflictos armados, sobre todo si tenemos en cuenta que un elevado porcentaje de la población no sabía leer ni escribir. Imágenes, entre las cuales grabados y lienzos, eran encargados a artistas locales e internacionales de forma a reproducir los mensajes de las dos partes participantes en el conflicto. Éstas eran a menudo exhibidas en lugares públicos y durante las ceremonias. Por veces, una tercera parte – como por ejemplo Francia – participaba en el proceso de producción y difusión de imágenes contribuyendo con sus propios argumentos. En esta tesis he querido responder a preguntas como: ¿quién encargaba las imágenes? ¿Quién era el público? ¿Qué reacciones provocaron? ¿Qué mensajes contenían y cómo fueron percibidos? ¿Cómo contribuyó esta forma de comunicación a los conflictos en causa? Argumento también la importancia de estudiar las tres revueltas como parte de un evento único, la Guerra de los Treinta Años. Al hacerlo, uno va más allá de asumir que se tratan de conflictos aislados y que, como tal, pueden presentar características parecidas en lo que dice respecto a los argumentos que legitimaban las causas, políticas y las consecuencias de las insurrecciones. Este abordaje comparativo me permite detectar posibles intersecciones e interpretar las revueltas como compartiendo una cultura común y de una misma conjetura política. Pese a los posibles peligros de esta metodología y a la inevitable tensión que crea entre generalización e idiosincrasias, me permitió establecer hasta qué punto ciertos argumentos eran – o no – específicos a un territorio. Por fin, me dedico también a analizar cuestiones relacionadas con ritual y comportamiento por parte de las poblaciones afectadas. ¿Era la violencia justificada? ¿Obedecía a un ritual previamente establecido? ¿Cómo reaccionaban las gentes? ¿hay similitudes entre los tres territorios?
Haus, Brigitte. "Lettres hébraïques dans l'art contemporain en France après la seconde guerre mondiale." Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100123.
Full textIn the second half of the twentieth century, to counteract the loss of Jewish identity resulting from the annihilation of Jewish culture in Eastern Europe and North Africa, an artistic movement focussed on Hebraic letters arose, particularly in France. Central to Jewish thinking and expressed only in the languages of the Jews, the latter are considered here as the paradigm of Judaïsm. The movement gathered strength through the 1970s as the wars in Israel revived the quest for Jewish identity. The characteristic dissimulation of letters, particularly those comprising writing, is seen as a metaphorical reference to the unintelligibility of the Torah in Jewish mysticism, to the extinction of Jewish life, and to the inexpressibility of the trauma of the Holocaust. Evoking tradition and modernity, the movement draws on the specificity of Jewish art since the Middle Ages, adding references to contemporary art forms, especially those featuring writing. In part, its inspiration is drawn from catholic iconography in illustration of abstract cabalistic concepts. Thus, the Diaspora is both its rationale and its source of inspiration. The influence of Chinese art –corroborating the leaning of many Jews towards Buddhism – reflects the ambivalence of the feelings of otherness and assimilation of the Jews of France. Setting hope, life, dance and music, on the same connotation level as the Holocaust, the movement embodies reconstruction
Thomazeau, Romain. "Du sida aux cendres : entre guerre culturelles et guerre biologique : représenter (dans) la crise du sida." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H310/document.
Full textThe AIDS crisis is not behind us, even if the fire seems to be extinguished, the ashes remain. First, because the epidemic is by no means contained, but also because we continue to be haunted by the representations, discourses, constructions and meanings that this pandemic carries with it. AIDS is a complex phenomenon, trying to understand it, is the deal first with a series of words, images that are media-intensive, which supplant other realities. To achieve to break this pandemic, we must be able to study ail aspects, among these facets, art has played a leading role in the AIDS crisis, especially because it has been particularly used to signify those other hidden realities. ln this research, four axes have emerged that cover a broad spectrum of questions posed by AIDS and its representations, as much as the stakes of exhibitions, media coverage, discursivity or meanings that this unprecedented contemporary epidemic has highlighted. AIDS revealed many problems in our Western societies, without, however, being circumscribed by now. Art has played a major role in raising awareness over the past thirty-five years by making images and counters-images. Art has allowed to counter-represent a realité which through our societies of power, was silent to us, it gave a voice to what always remains a silent and stigmatizing epidemic. Representing (in) the AIDS crisis has therefore been and still is a struggle, if not a form of cultural war
Dumont, Paulette Marie. "Colette et la grande guerre : les répercussions de la guerre de 1914-1918 sur l'art et la pensée de Colette." Montpellier 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON30031.
Full textEL, GAMAL GALIL. "La strategie militaire et l'art de la guerre lors des premieres decennies de l'islam." Paris 7, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA070023.
Full textMons, Alain. "Le désordre de la ville et la photographie après-guerre : Etats-Unis, France, 1945-1960." Paris 5, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA05H069.
Full textAt the begining, the hypothesis is to question the city through the prominent photographic pictures, constituent a memory and a patrimony. The city expresses itself and is expressed through the images after war, a important period in the photographic documentary chosen appears an "exploratory look" where the spatial and social dimensions are always together. A "disorder" of the city appears clearly, there is a multiplicity of the quotidian. We can see that through two corpus. The first is american (particulary new-york) the other one is french (paris) the method system is a "confrontation", analysis of pictures and productions compared with the corpus where radical differences appear : differences of vision about urban, then cultures and ways of life. The reading is symbolic. We try to find somme connexions between urban anthropology and sociology of the picture. In united states, there is a photographic history of the dayly life in new-york city with weege, model, klein, an a reference marks of urban territory with de carava and frank. In france, it is a dreamt and paradoxal paris with doisneau, les quinze", ronis, but already boubat and elsken indicate a deep change in the city life. With americans there are a critical view and "pulsion" of the town. With french there are tender view on "country" urban life. This rechearch's a thought on the real of the town, and a social analysis of photographic pictures
Berecz, Agnès. "Continuité et rupture : l'oeuvre de Simon Hantaï dans le contexte de l'art après la seconde guerre mondiale." Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010596.
Full textGarnier, Violette. "La mémoire retrouvée : les peintres allemands nés pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale à la recherche de leur identité." Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010544.
Full textFrom the post-years until the 1670's: the work on the recent past in german painting; from tentative beginnings (Grundig, Lachnit, and Strempel. . . ) to the works of young G. F. R. Painters (Baselitz, Lupertz, and Kiefer. . . ) who attempted, through a work informed with sorrow, to find a new artistic identity. In 1945, a newborn pictorial creation tried, amidst the ruins of the spiritual and material worlds, to build up a memory. However the beginning of the cold war together with the need to create new landmarks of identity gave rise to bitter debate on the role of art and led, with the setting up of two separate states, to the disapperance of a single, characteristically germain, art. The G. F. R. Took the side of western values and witnessed the trimpl of abstraction. How then - in the "forgetful" society of the 60's, in a country having "an unfathomable distrust of images showing itself" - to be a "german painter" if not by descending into the taboos of the history of the third reich? This was doubtless a return held to be shocking, but felt to be necessary so that the past might be assumed
Montoya, Corinne. "Des rêves de raison, déraisons du rêve : l'écriture spéculaire dans l'oeuvre gravé de Goya." Dijon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996DIJOL027.
Full textGoya's etchings do not seem familiar to critics or to the general public who have always preferred his oil paintings. Captious written by Goya himself are to be found on most of his engravings and the relation ship between image and text throws a useful light on the artist's satirical starcethe present study aims at demonstrating the close links between the various series of etchings : the caprices, the disasters of war, bullfighting and the disparates in chronological order - they were conceived and organized according to a mirror-like logic which is at work both throughout all the engravings and within each series and which takes the torm of a continuous play between the real image (spanish society at the end of the enlightment, the war of independence. . . ) And the virtual image (games, the carnaval, witchcraft. . . ) centred around key-etchings (like "the dream of reason produces monsters", caprice 1, for instance) an accordance with the socio-critical approach, I have first chosen to identity the linguistic signs to be toward in the captious and in the imagery of these drawings, then I have studied their frequency, their occurrence and their place in the various series of engravings with a view not only to reaching an over understanding of the etchings compared to the other means of expression used by Goya but also to understanding each series independently by emphasizing the cultural texts underlying Goya's work
Fattūḥ, Sirīn. "La création à l'épreuve des guerres et de leurs effets : quelques aspects de l'art contemporain libanais." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010568.
Full textThis thesis explores the consequences of the 1975-1989 Lebanese wars and the 1991 amnesty on the artistic production of two generations of Lebanese artists. In the post-war early years, institutional amnesty imposed a tacit silence on the Lebanese population. Artists of the so-called first generation, those who were teenagers during the wars, bypassed this silence by questioning their recent past (the one of war) and their present through their art. They probed their memory, that of their country and its people, to foil official truths of state power. The peculiarity of their work is their critical approach where both the aesthetic regimes of the real and the fictitious are proximate. Meanwhile, the second generation of artists, those who were children during the wars, including myself, have followed the footsteps of their elders addressing the same issues, in an attempt to unravel their fragmentary past, but also in order to emancipate from it. The art of both the first and the second generation artists questions the Libanon’s history through different forms of testimony, namely the documentary, the narrative, but also fiction or by invented archival documents. In order to encourage their audience to grasp Lebanon’s incomplete history, these artists’ approaches consist to sow doubt among viewers by intrusions of reality into the fictional or fiction into the real
Raad, Fadi. "Figures du feu dans l'art contemporain et la guerre : sous le signe de Prométhée, du Phénix et d'Empédocle." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01H308.
Full textThis Ph.D. dissertation deals with the problem of fire used as a tool in the contemporary plastic art creations. In fact, since the 1960s, an increased use of fire is noted within new forms of artistic expression.The emphasis is put particularly on the “fire of war” which, by changing the lives ofthe artists, transforms their creations as well .Throughout the dissertation, the analysis of personal pieces of art, observed through the context of the war experienced by the artist, confirms the above finding. The sections of the dissertation refer to some mythical characters with close relationship with the image of fire. Hence, they are referenced “Under the sign of Prometheus”,“Under the sign of the Phoenix” and “Under the sign of Empedocles”
Vallespir, Mathilde. "L'exorcisme produit par des oeuvres poétiques et musicales de la guerre et du direct après-guerre : 1939-1945." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040211.
Full textThe objective of this work is to circumscribe an "agencement" (arrangement) of specific art: the exorcism produced on a receiver by musical or poetical works from the Second World War and the immediate after-war period by R. Char, H. Michaux, O. Messiaen et A. Jolivet. When encountering these works, the receiver exorcises the war-related violence by confronting the negation of the other characterising Auschwitz with the advent of another entity rising from the perception conditioned by these works. Such a perceptive "alterisation" rests on a contradictory functioning of perception, which de-constructs itself whilst happening, and which blurs perception. In a first part, we set the theoretical basis for our approach, by encircling the specificity of music and language based on a criticism of association usually made between both of them. We then analyse the mere "agencement" of exorcism by describing its fundamental manifestation - the process of "brouillage" (confusion) - in a second part. We define the semiotic sources for this process which are specific to language and music, as well as its manifestation more distinctively perceptive in both systems, through its power of de-construction and des-involvement. That way, we manage to define the "brouillage" as a monstrous "agencement". The last part of this work is dedicated to the reinsertion of this "agencement" into the more general "agencement" of exorcism. We show how the "brouillage" can change to "alterisation", with the reading of metaphor itself changing into the creation of a hetero-universe of belief, and the paradox into "hetero-dox", when listening operates along benchmarks which are marginal compared to expectations. To conclude, we propose a general modelling of the "agencement" of exorcism as a way of substituting to the other, as a challenge to the violence of History
Croizier-Varillon, Isabelle. "L'art sacré en Béarn et en Pays Basque dans la période de l'entre-deux-guerres." Thesis, Pau, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PAUU1010/document.
Full textThe interwar years in France witnessed a revival of sacred Art. After the 1905 law on the separation of Church and State, the Church had to reorganize and renew its spiritual message and reposition its action in the context of a changing society. The creation of religious art workshops as well as the launching of the Parisian “Chantiers du Cardinal”, initiated by cardinal Verdier, supported by a number of reviews such as L’Art Sacré, gave a new impulse to the production of religious art. The diocese of Bayonne took a full part in this initiative. It was keen to contribute in original and dynamic ways to this new direction and tried to include regional elements and in particular features reflecting Basque and Bearnais identities. The joint work done by bishops and priests involved in building churches, architects, glassmakers and mosaic artists, painters, sculptors and even goldsmiths, shows how well-established and even conventional designs were revisited to produce an art which hesitated between daring innovation and compromise. Indeed, the sacred art of the diocese of Bayonne was marked by a mixture of tradition and renewal, regionalism and modernity
Werger, Susanna. "Le Caractère destructeur dans l'art : poétique, musique et performance des mouvements d'avant-garde autour de la première guerre mondiale." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAC022.
Full textDestruction is a perspective that encompasses a large number of different authors and composers. This work seeks patterns of repetition throughout literary history, to find moments of continuity or rupture. The common denominator of destructiveness is used to detect a facet of the style of the time. The interest in contemplating several fields in the art of avant-garde movements lies in artistic practice, which is experiencing more and more exchanges and synergies between the different fields of literature, music and performance; forms of expression influence each other, clash and communicate. The opening up of genres and linguistic borders for comparative studies makes this approach all the more essential: this necessitates the study of the major works that unite all forms of expression. It is therefore desirable to be able to understand and visualize the reciprocity between the above fields. The captivating slogan of destructive character synthesises a creative basis of avant-garde art and touches upon its inevitable paradox : destruction actually implies creative aspects; the space freed up is immediately filled again
Morin-Prevot, Magali. "L'image du souverain en milieu anglais de Hastings au début de la guerre de Cent Ans." Paris 10, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA100189.
Full textStarting from the conquest of Hastings up to the start of the Hundred Years' War, the english king asserted his authority in a decisive manner within the christianized West, which at the same time was experiencing a significant upheaval and rebalancing between the various powers. Historical texts enable us to confirm this progression in front of the church, the major vassal powers, including foreign dignities. Netherless, it is important not to underestimate the use of images and edifices which contributed to this process. They were used as an immediate and tangible demonstration of regal power as well as leaving a permanent trace of their presence. The study of documentation from diverse artistic sources dating from english society during this period, notably coming from traditional, historie and legendary data, shows us elements set up by oponents in order to counteract this magnification of the king and thus creating a perpetual readjustement of the royal image ; by comparing similiar behaviour relating to other powerful princes living during the same time period, we are able to gain a clearer definition of the english phenomena. This study aims to distinguish between the methods used by the players in order to embelish their image, thus creating a monarchie ideôlogy, and rather to follow the progressive development of kingship
Le, Fur Didier. "Les Impérants Rois : images des rois de France pendant les premières guerres d'Italie (1494-1517)." Paris 10, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA100051.
Full textTobia-Chadeisson, Michèle. "Faiseurs de Dieux : les notions de fétiche et de fétichisme en France depuis la découverte de l'Afrique jusqu'à la première guerre mondiale." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010665.
Full text"Fetish" and "fetishism" are often employed in the anthropological, the psycho analytic and the economic discourse. This study refers more specifically to the meanings of these two notions through the travel and anthropological french literature. The first part of this study refers to the formation, the expansion and the decline of the term and the notion "fetishism" in the anthropological discourse. The second part refers to the term "fetish", which had a different destiny. Etymologically anterior to the term "fetishism", it remains, after many attempts of substitution, into the anthropological and the aesthetical discourse and thought. Its wander since its origins, the circumstances and the causes of its engravement in africa, its variations, meanings and successive shapes are defined. This chronicle takes end at the turn of World War I, when the term is about to vanish. Part three of this essay, will consider the substances of the fetish-objects themselves, substances which are the main focus of our lack of understanding. Astonishly, we will finally see how the present discourses have reintroduced and restored the dialogue around this notion which seemed to be dismissed at the beginning of this century: banished from the anthropological, the history of religions and the aesthetical fields, no adequat term had been able to replace it
Halas, Katarzyna. "De "l'état de guerre" à la nouvelle démocratie : cheminement de l'art indépendant en Pologne : de 1981 à la fin des années 1990." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010606.
Full textGispert, Marie. ""L'Allemagne n'a pas de peintres" : diffusion et réception de l'art allemand en France durant l'Entre-deux-guerres, 1918-1939 /." Paris : M. Gispert, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41075747v.
Full textPalos, Pereira Jose Antonio. "Fernando Oliveira à l'horizon : introduction à l'étude de son oeuvre accompagnée de la traduction de son traité "L'Art de la guerre en mer"." Lyon 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO31007.
Full textThe object of the present work is a search for a possibility of "unity" between three themes apparently heterogeneous: grammar, ethics and politics, and naval architecture; the themes which were of a great concern to oliveira, a portuguese author of the sixteenth century. Thus we have analysed the relationship between language and mind, and within this general framework, we have looked up other subjects such as phonetics or even the problem of meaning. While examiming ethics and politics we have watched closely the expansion of state and the problem of slavery, the themes towards which oliveira adopts a philosophical standpoint of a great interest. Finally, oliveira tackles naval architecture to show how a routine practice changes into an art or a science of construction. The transistion from a shipwrigt to an architect is not for all that accomplished. In order to combine these themes two essential points should be stressed: sea as "type of destiny" and the pre-encyclopaedism as an intellectual concern
Polack, Emmanuelle. "Le paradigme du marché de l'art à Paris sous l'Occupation 1940-1945." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H043/document.
Full textThe euphoria of the art market under the Nazi Occupation is also a reflection of an influx of goods resulting from the artistic spoliations of the Jewish community along with any opponent of the Third Reich. The main concern of this thesis deliberately places itself on this question. It proposes an analysis of the paradigms of an art market during a war period under the control of a collaborationist State
Robichon, François. "La peinture militaire française de 1871 à 1914." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040035.
Full textMilitary painting was excluded from histories of French art after the First World War, coinciding with a change of taste among the elite. Without discarding an historical reading of this iconography, we proposed new readings highlighting the plastic inventions of this style. We set up a complete panorama of the military style, based on sociological, historical and esthetical components. Military painters have occupied a particular place in the French society, as a result of French-German relationships. Edouard Detaille dominated his generation and received its many honors. With the reproduction, the most famous paintings thereby reached a large audience. Developed after the defeat of 1871, military painting assumes this traumatism, and was focused on the rebuilding of the nation. It participates in a revisionist analysis of the "glorious" wars of the revolution and empire. In response to the use of modern arms in military battles, military painting invented "episode", a narrative structure, in order to emphasize moral values like courage and sacrifice. Composition's structures in military painting were changed and developed a more immediate relationship with the spectator. The major subjects of military painting during this era were the war of 1871, the colonial wars, the "new" army of conscription, the wars of the revolution and the first empire. First World War changed and involved this style. New approach replaced the traditional role of combat as subject: a new emphasis on allegory and symbol, soldier's sketches, and a new approach to historical painting. The expansion of cinema, but also and above all the total desire by the French nation to forget the war, explain the almost complete disappearance of military painting after 1918
Gispert, Marie. ""L'Allemagne n'a pas de peintres" : diffusion et réception de l'art allemand moderne en France durant l'Entre-deux-guerres, 1918-1939." Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010666.
Full textSotropa, Adriana. "La tentation symboliste dans l'art en Roumanie, de la fin du XIXe siècle à l'entre-deux guerres : promoteurs, formes, réception." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010567.
Full textNiogret, Philippe. "Débats idéologiques et esthétique romanesque en France pendant l'entre-deux guerres (1919-1939) dans les périodiques L'Art Libre, Europe, et Vendredi." Paris 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA040132.
Full textThis thesis explores the evolution of ideas and morals in France during the period between the First and Second World Wars (1919-1939) and their influence on the evolution of the novel, through analysis of three periodicals : L'Art Libre, Europe, and Vendredi. The following themes are addressed: the war and its consequences; the anxiety of the post-war generation and the attraction of the East; the evolution of morals and relations between men and women; the Catholic revival; the social and political involvement of writers. These changes are reflected in the novels of this period and they brought about a crisis concerning the novel because of the unanticipated departure from its traditionnal model, that model no longer being appropriate to the instability of the period. One distinguishes two trends among novelists of this period faced to this dilemma : one is to adapt the novel to its era, the other to envision a novel detached from its time in order to attain the essence of the human condition
Amat, Jean-Paul. "La forêt entre guerre et paix 1870-1995 : Etude de biogéographie historique sur l'Arc meusien de l'Argonne à la Woëvre." Lille 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LIL10182.
Full textTami, Alan. "L'art de la guerre au temps des croisades (491/1098 - 589/1193) : Du théocentrisme irrationnel aux influences mutuelles et adaptations pragmatiques dans le domaine militaire." Phd thesis, Université Michel de Montaigne - Bordeaux III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00735126.
Full textRossé, Christian. "Les échanges de l'ombre : passages des services de renseignements suisse et alliés à travers la frontière de l'Arc jurassien 1939-1945." Thesis, Belfort-Montbéliard, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BELF0010/document.
Full textThe Franco-Swiss border was well guarded during the French occupation, on the one side by the Germans, seconded by the French customs and on the other, by the Swiss. Border crossings were strictly controlled and the border was supposed to be water-tight. The French side of the border was doubled by a first zone accessible only by special authorisation, and a second forbidden zone 1 to 3 km wide stretching along the frontier. In the minds of the German occupying forces, this corridor along the border was supposed to be a no man’s land in which only the border guards patrolled.This ideal was a long way from being the achieved, since the corridor was the scene of intense clandestine activity. The key player was the ‘passeur’ who smuggled across the border and who was usually assisted by by-standers, residents on both sides of the border-zone who did not cross the border themselves, but who supplied the logistical support of safe houses, food etc… Thanks to this network of smugglers and by-standers, a heterogeneous mass of people, objects and even animals crossed the border in both directions – French and Polish POWs, Jewish refugees, Allied airmen, Swiss and Allied spies, French resistance fighters, post, and all sorts of merchandise…The Swiss Intelligence Service (SR) was tasked with supplying the commander-in-chief and the AHQ with the information which would allow them to lead the army. The collection of information was in theory the task of the outposts spread along the border as well as of the central stations. Amongst the various methods used to collect the raw information – such as the questioning of travellers and deserters, the study of reports issued by Swiss military attachés abroad and the exploitation of intelligence lines– the SR sent agents on missions beyond the Swiss borders.Part of the mechanism which allowed the SR to be well informed between 1940 and 1944, was its collaboration at all levels with the foreign secret services and the resistance networks. In fact a number of Allied organisations chose Switzerland as the hub of their intelligence networks. Information converged from all over Europe towards the embassies and consulates established in Switzerland, and these in turn transmitted it via radio emitters from their delegations, or via clandestine ones, to London, Moscow or Washington.Whether it was at the level of the head of the SR, or of the listening posts, Roger Masson’s men took advantage of this flow and set up relationships on a give and take basis with the foreign networks. In exchange for information affecting the security of the nation, they organized the border crossings of foreign agents and of documents coming from abroad, and allowed the international intelligence community agents to go about their business with almost total impunity on Swiss soil.The SR was perfectly integrated into the international ‘intelligence community’ established on Swiss soil during World War II. In the field, it ‘shared’ its agents and smugglers with the foreign networks
Lafille, Pauline. "« Composizioni delle guerre e battaglie » : enquête sur la scène de bataille dans la peinture italienne du XVIe siècle." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLEP058.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the political and artistic dimensions of battle scenes in 16th-century Italian monumental painting, at a time when the depiction of war had yet to develop a distinction between two forms of the depiction of history, history painting treating past events and historical painting focused on contemporary events, according to artistic categories established during the 17th century. Thus this work does not offer a history of the battle scene itself, but an enquiry on specific compositions, trying to ascertain the political, ideological, aesthetic and cultural issues that inform them. Although the artistic heterogeneity of the corpus and the political fragmentation of the Italian peninsula have encouraged previous studies to follow a monographical approach, the apparition of historically and thematically similar contexts in which various battle scenes answer analogous ambitions has led us to adopt a comparative methodology, which attempts to develop a dialogue between pairs, series or types of works, linked by common political and formal objectives. Starting from 1500, a series of major orders placed by the main political powers in Italy embued battle scenes with a new monumental dimension within political iconography. In the urgency of the context of the Italian Wars, the depiction of past historical events was invested with the hope of real political efficacy, to which the mimetic and expressive evolution of Italian painting was now able to respond. The battle scenes left unfinished by Leonardo and Michelangelo adopted a rhetorical treatment of history which involved the viewer into a narrative centred around the emotions of the characters during the action. By virtue of their treatment of figures and their complex narrative articulation, Leonardo’s and Michelangelo’s battle scenes, and later Raphaël’s and Titian’s, acquired paradigmatic status, and paved the way for the establishment of the battle scene as a political-aesthetical form, making the nobility and ambition of artistic endeavour subservient to the expression of power. Sporadic compositions of the beginning of the 16th century were followed, during the second half of that century, by an extension of military themes in palace decoration. The political and iconographic objectives of paintings was therefore determined by the orientation of the iconographic programme of the whole room. In dynastic painting cycles, the correlation between genealogy and history led the artist to closely associate the depiction of the event to the actions of the character, so that devices of individual glorification coexisted with devices historicizing the episode. In state ornamentation, the multiplication of battle scenes showcased military might as the basis for the sovereignty of the modern State. In Florence and Venice, the depiction of war received from military humanism an encyclopaedic dimension which illustrated the central role played by the mastery of these forms of knowledge in the administration of the State. The last part of this study, which focuses on the monumental representations of the Battle of Lepanto in Venice and Rome, describes the emergence of problems that are specific to the depiction of contemporary battles. The immediacy of the event demanded from the historical depiction of the unfolding of the event an advanced documentary quality. The artists had to develop new experiments in the aesthetic idiom used to represent the battle, sometimes in dialogue with more descriptive or schematic depictions of warfare. 16th-century Italian battle scenes thus find themselves at a crossroad between the evolution of warfare during the Renaissance, characterised by the beginnings of the « Military Revolution », and the evolution of aesthetic theory, defined by an increasing rationalisation in the way history is depicted
Viennot, Hüwel Rachelle. "Nouvelle approche iconologique de l’œuvre de Max Ernst à partir du tournant de la grande guerre." Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100007.
Full textWorld War I is the pivot on which the present iconological approach of the artist’s work hinges. The meticulous examination of the linguistic underpinnings of his imagery let emerge semantical features which are patterned on the trench war slang. The new point of view allows to understand the polysemy of language and the surreal touch of his hallucinatory imagery. The close friendship with Joë Bousquet, shot by a german soldier on May 27th, 1918, during the attack of the Chemin des Dames in which Max Ernst was involved, will constantly keep awake the memory of the former artillerist. Both brothers in arms had an intense exchange of letters. The thesis investigates first the time of the « return » from war and the way how the artist elaborates the great telling of his past which goes from the object lessons to the apocalyptic visions; the analysis opens a consequent glossary of terms which shows us the sequence of frames in which the action takes place coming from different new sources. A third part is devoted to the genesis of the unpublished book of Joë Bousquet, Partition / Full Score, illustrated by Max Ernst and its shortened version containing the ex-libris of the artist. The documentation in annex offers a catalogue of the material sources which have been used by Max Ernst for his collages, the chronicle of Max Ernst’s and Joë Bousquet’s life and work, the inventory of the art collection of Joë Bousquet in which Max Ernst takes the most important place. Among the sources are listed in chronological order the bibliography and the correspondence of Joë Bousquet including the letter exchange with Max Ernst
Aceto, Francesca. "Jouer en temps de guerre : le cas du De Viribus Quantitatis du mathématicien Luca Pacioli (1445-1517)." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0150.
Full textThis thesis proposes a new interpretation of the ethical culture of games as a form and norm of social life in the 15th and 16th centuries, based on a case study of the mathematician Luca Pacioli (1445-1517) and in particular his last treatise, De Viribus Quantitatis (1496-1508), a rich collection of games and puzzles intended as mental exercises for the young. The historical significance of this treatise is examined in light of the specific context of its composition, and a new reading is proposed. To this end, the present study is structured around two main questions: the source analysis of a painting - the famous double portrait of Luca Pacioli accompanied by an unknown young man - and the analysis of a particular textual form, an imposing list of names of illustrious men present for the lecture on Euclidian geometry which Pacioli delivered for the Scuola di Rialto. The first highlights the Montefeltro court in Urbino around 1495, and the second, Venice in 1508, when the friar delivered his famous lesson in the Church of San Bartolomeo in Rialto. Reflections regarding these two types of sources, and the series of questions that follow, define a precise chronological arc corresponding to the years consecrated by Luca Pavioli to the composition of his treatise of games and puzzles: the DVQ. This unique treatise is studied here as a useful case study for defining the methods and modalities of a broader investigation spanning multiple disciplines including the history of representation, textual history, the history of theories and pedagogical practice, the history of science and technology, and finally, the history of "ludicita"
Wyler, Stéphanie. "Les perceptions du dionysisme dans la Rome républicaine depuis la deuxième guerre punique jusqu'à Auguste : étude littéraire et iconographique." Paris 10, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA100030.
Full textThis essay is not intended to reappraise the archetypal image of Dionysus, but, by means of a multidisciplinary approach, to sort out the interaction process between the so-called Dionysiac phenomena, taking into consideration their own contexts of production and reception in Late Republican Rome: religious, artistic, political, philosophical. The first part studies the historical evolution of Liber's cults in Rome and Italy. In second instance Dionysiac images from Pompei are analyzed to enlighten their internal system and its evolution. Third and fourth parts lead to Augustean Dionysism: the one studies literary texts, the other figurative evidence. I argue that, instead of erasing Antonius' Dionysism, Augustus developed the side which would legitimate his monarchic power, shaping it into a definitely new “Greco-Roman” system
Morando, Camille. "Peinture, dessin, sculpture et littérature : autour du Collège de Sociologie pendant l'entre-deux-guerres." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040144.
Full textEröss, Gábor. "L'art de l'histoire : sociologie culturelle comparée de l'image-passé : représentations de l'Histoire et de la Mémoire dans le cinéma français et hongrois (1958-2002)." Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.harmatheque.com.bases-doc.univ-lorraine.fr/ebook/9782343080635.
Full textThe main question is whether national cultures have a specific representation of History. My focus is on the films and the field of film production in France and Hungary. The construction of "authentic" History implies external strategies (Historians, debates), and a verisimilitude based on the tacit knowledge of spectators and on the filmic canon of parable-like, elliptic and metonymic representations of the past in absentia. History in Cinema is either invisible or anachonistic. Two main attitudes towards the Past take shape in both countries. These are sociological and cinematographic at the same time. History-image is the weakening filmic shape of the Past of nation and State; Memory-image is the framework of collective identities : generations, ethnic and cultural minorities or the artists themselves. Patterns of filmmaking lend narratives of the past a European frame, particulary in films dealing with the World War II and Holocaust. Cinema becomes an independent social system, representing History in a specific way : the Past-Image
Loustalot, Bernard. "Desgenettes : 1762-1837 : un homme de réseau dans la transformation de l'art de guérir." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0041.
Full textRené Nicolas Dufriche des Genettes, known as Desgenettes, is a doctor who lived between two centuries. He had been through a tumultuous period, both on the political levels and on the military issues. Thus, he had the opportunity to meet several historic characters: Benjamin Franklin, Madam Rolland. . . And above ail Napoléon Bonaparte. Familiar with the salons of the period, he had been a witness of the transformation of the French society more than the political events, and as chief doctor of Bonaparte army's then Napoléon, he followed several campaign of the great gênerai of the time. His career survived to the Empire, tormented by the political vicissitudes. Historical character himself, he first of ail played a rôle in the military medicine in Egypt and in the Great Army after 1807. Two "prowess" are generally at his crédit: his inoculation of the plague, and his opposition to Bonaparte about the poisoning of the sick people of Jaffa. On a routine basis, he had managed health service that had to be adapted on the daily movement and the situation of an army more and more numerous and uncoordinated, often in foreign territories and with frequent and deadly epidemics. Nevertheless, Desgenettes had also had a significant civil activity, first a scientific activity with some publications about the absorbing system (lymphatic), about education (anatomy defence), spreading of knowledge by taking part of the edition of several revues, second, as a Professor of Hygiene at the school subsequently university of medicine of Paris. Besides, it is as mayor of the 10th district of Paris and Professor of Hygiene that he will faced in 1832 the first modern plague epidemic: the cholera-morbus. Born in a family part of the bourgeoisie that pretended to be aristocratic, Desgenettes is a remarkable image of this ambitious people that embraced the Enlightenment ideas (intellectual cosmopolitanism, operative freemasonry), and managed to get through the revolutionary turmoil to compose the Napoleonic meritocracy. Very cultivated but sceptical about religious, medical (friend of Broussais but fighting his doctrines) or politic (loyal but not docile to the Emperor), his strong character and his independent spirit (opposition to Bonaparte and resignation of the Academy of Medicine) ostracised him
Iskandar, Mirvat. "Le développement de l'art de la guerre chez les Ayyoubides en Syrie et en Égypte (567/1171 - 648/1250) : (étude approfondie sur la période des Francs d'après les sources arabes)." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0026.
Full textHuman being didn't stop one day to invent everything that is necessary to kill others. Thousand of men, women and children were killed during the two centuries of fighting between Franks and Muslims in the Middle East, in order to serve the Holy War. Unfortunately, the war between those two sides was the best opportunity of contact between the two civilizations of East and West, especially in the twelfth century. Each party adapted what was useful to the conflict either in besieging places or in open land battles. The war was not only waged between these two conflicting forces, as the conflict between the members of the Ayyubid dynasty after Saladin's death were more violent in several occasions than with the Franks. This study, relying upon contemporary Arab sources and Islamic traditions, analyzes all the methods for practicing the war in Ayyubid times for almost one century according
Riou, Gwenn. "La lutte idéologique sur le front artistique : les écrits sur l'art dans Commune et Les Lettres françaises (1933-1954)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0408.
Full textIn 1933, the Association of revolutionary Writers and Artists launches the publication of its journal, Commune. Close to the Parti Communiste Français (PCF), the journal mainly publishes texts on literature, but even though, gives to plastic arts a substantial place.Following the german-soviet pact and the break out of WWII, the PCF as well as the organisations and publications connected with it are prohibited. Commune therefore cease publication and the group forming the journal stands appart.The PCF joins the Resistance, Decour with Paulhan create Les Lettres Françaises, a journal embodying the intellectual Resistance.The first issue of Les Lettres Françaises is released in septembre 1942, however, the weekly paper doesn’t publish texts on art during its clandestine existence. It was not until the Liberation and its legal publication that texts of this genre were printed. As Commune, Les Lettres Françaises are not originally affiliated with the PCF but, with a few exceptions, they follow its guidelines.The analyse of the texts on art that came out in theses issues gives the opportunity to study the evolution of the artistic discourse in the environments close to the PCF from 1933 to 1954. Which covers from the birth of a journal that must take part of the PCF’s struggle on the cultural field to the 13° national congress of the PCF during which Aragon questions the artistic policy of the Party.Commune and Les Lettres française, take a crucial role in the structuration of the PCF’s artistic discourse. This study gives then the opportunity to perceive the will of the PCF regarding artistic creation but also to examine the means deployed to achieve it
Aslangul, Claire. "Représentations de la guerre chez les peintres, graveurs et dessinateurs allemands au XXe siècle dans le contexte européen : traditions, évolutions et ruptures dans les codes iconographiques." Paris, EPHE, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EPHE4066.
Full textThe aim of this Ph. D is to look into the traces left by 20th century conflicts in German art (painting, engraving, and graphic arts). With modern warfare, artists are faced with several challenges, among which changing methods of combat, new weapons causing new types of wounds, casualties reaching unprecedented figures, but also the increasing importance of other types of images (from photography, the cinema, etc), and the risk of war being "aestheticized" by being transfered into the field of art. What were the responses to these challenges ? The works of German artists are studied here in their context : the iconographic conventions that prevailed earlier on are introduced, to bring out the breaks and continuities in the representation of modern conflicts, the emergence of new motifs, the development of palimpsest works made from stock elements. Comparisons are made with works by other european artists. To refine the overall analysis, the individual paths of four artists are examined : those of Franz Radziwill (1895-1983), Otto Pankok (1893-1966), Heinrich Maria Davringhausen (1894-1970) and Andreas Paul Weber (1893-1980). All of them were twenty years old when World War I broke out, and also pictured the other conflicts of the century (from the Spanish to the Vietnam War). The key question in this research revolves around the relationship with tradition : in spite of the novelty of the conflicts, inherited processes of composition and themes are often resorted to, whether simply taken up again, or meant as a subversive play on conventions, aiming to clash with the viewer's expectations
Foucault, Anne. "Reconsidération du surréalisme 1945-1969 : du "Déshonneur des poètes" au "surréalisme éternel"." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 10, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA100146.
Full textThe Parisian surrealist activity between 1946 and 1969 still remains less studied and less valued than the one of the interwar period. The present work aims at understanding and questionning that devaluation by analyzing the historiographic, artistic and political issues faced by Surrealism at the time. The marginalization of the group in the political sphere due to its rejection of both Western and Eastern politics during the Cold War also manifests itself in the artistic field as Surrealism challenges the formal criteria for art apprehension during a period when the debate between abstraction and figuration dominates the pictoral field. In addition to that, Surrealism is confronted with the first historiographic enterprises which participate in the institutionalization of its past and legacy. The collective approach of Surrealism favoured in this study allows us to analyze the mechanisms whereby the surrealist movement renews and extends its artistic activity, particularly concerning automatism (Simon Hantaï, Adrien Dax), the art of the object (Hervé Télémaque, Konrad Klapheck) and the theorization and practice of a magical art (Jean Benoît, Jorge Camacho). On the political level, a similar collective approach shows that after a period of isolation during the 1950s, surrealist values, benefiting from de-stalinization and anti-colonial conflicts, are acknolegded in intellectual circles. It is then the beginning for the group of a series of collaborations whose difficulties and stakes are analyzed to better understand what may have led to the auto-dissolution of the group a few months after the events of Mai 68
Segol, Julien. "Le corps malléable, une révolution symbolique : transformations esthétiques et sociales du corps en France et en Allemagne, de 1900 à la fin de l'entre-deux guerres." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC298/document.
Full textAround 1900 the symbolic meaning of the body around 1900 changes : its collective social meaning, as well as its individual value, evolve. During the first decades of the 20th century, the world of yesterday erodes while daring reformers of life and avant-garde artists (dancers, choreographers, stage directors) try to push the limits of what a body can – not only the moral norms, of the decorous, but also the unprecedented of new possibilities brought by new technologies. What does this evolution of the meaning of the body result into? What does the modern body look like, as opposed to the 19th century – in the ways of being, of feeling and expressing oneself? How does that change affect the way of perceiving the body, the other’s and mine? Two tendencies underlie the principle of malleability in this upheaval of the forms of life and of the strategies of individualization within modern society, beyond their disparities: on the one hand, a transposition of the functionalist thought and fetish for the object induced by capitalism onto the body; on the other, an opposite tendency to take hold of the body as an organic living form, as an attempt to articulate matter and spirit in a more unitary and vitalist perspective. We will follow the development of both these tendencies and show how they develop within the social and aesthetic spheres until the end of the interwar period
David, Etienne. "La représentation des traumatismes de la Seconde Guerre mondiale à travers le cycle Nous ne sommes pas les derniers de Zoran Music et la série Otages de Jean Fautrier." Thesis, Paris 8, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA080090.
Full textThe present work of research relates to the works of art which constitute the cycle of Hostages of Jean Fautrier and the series We are not the last of Zoran Music and approaches them from the angle of the study of the relation of the artwork with the trauma of the Second World War.How can a work witness to an event, an experience as inexpressible and inaudible as that of the camps of death or the summary execution of man by man? How can these terrible events and visions become aesthetic?The thesis relates with the imperative need for the two artists to testify, to say, to tell, to paint the events seen and lived during the Second World War. The relationship to art in this context is most sensitive and moving; art becomes the way in which the horrible, the frightful, is transformed into beauty, even sublime.In order to answer these questions, the study of the works of Jean Fautrier and Zoran Music proposes, to better understand the latter, references to essential references.The works of Zoran Music and those of Jean Fautrier are put in perspective with writings like J. Semprún, P. Levi, E. Wiesel or I. Kertész. The thesis is built by an iconographic contribution, but also literary. It is thus divided into three volumes: the writing, and two collections respectively bringing together the works that constitute the Hostages and the cycle We are not the last. In these last two volumes, the works are brought together by iconographic, formal or chromatic family
Perez, Morales Junior Wagner. "Visualité et contre-visualité. Les images de guerres et de conflits tournées par des amateurs, et leur utilisation dans l’art contemporain. Une politique des images sur un « bruit de fond » godardien." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA101/document.
Full textConsidering the idea that war and images are two interdependent concepts, the thesis deals with two key concepts: visuality and counter-visuality. Visuality as a way of perpetuating the war represents dominant discourses. Contemporary art would therefore be a possibility of constructing counter-visuality. The contemporary “global war” - total and dispersed - would have a visual production that would correspond to it: the amateur images, also scattered and widely circulated. How are these images - usually related to the private sphere - converted into records of contemporary war? How does art face war and the dominant visuality by utilizing these images?The research attempts to characterize this amateur production of images and to frame it in the conflicting time of the present. Would such a production be a resistance to the current visuality or, on the contrary, something that strengthens it? From then on, by analyzing a circumscribed corpus of four contemporary visual artists (Clarisse Hahn, Rabih Mroué, Coco Fusco and Thomas Hirschhorn), we work on the hypothesis that the reuse of these images can contribute to the construction of a counter-visuality: by the artistic gesture, the removal of this material from a certain flow would cause a stop, a deviation towards a reconfiguration of the sensible where the conflicting factor would be highlighted. In a third moment, the thesis looks at the work of Jean-Luc Godard and Anne-Marie Miéville on the 1970s, when they question the strengths and weaknesses of militant cinema and challenge images and their potentialities. Some of their creative procedures are examined in retrospect because in our opinion they are still directly or indirectly present in the artistic practice of the aforementioned artists
Debrocq, Aliénor. "Le Surréalisme-Révolutionnaire et Cobra à l'épreuve de la violence: contribution à l'histoire des représentations." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209695.
Full textS’appuyant sur un certain nombre d’affirmations émanant des acteurs de Cobra comme des historiens ayant écrit sur le sujet, l’auteur s’est penché sur la question de la violence picturale et théorique au sein de ce mouvement. Picturale, par la propension des artistes à brouiller la lisibilité de la composition et des figures, par leur volonté de « faire brut » et enfantin, de « mal peindre », de maltraiter le sujet en le rendant méconnaissable, hybride, défiguré. Théorique, par un certain nombre de déclarations (pour la plupart, parues dans la revue Cobra) véhémentes, engagées, politiques, relatives au climat sociopolitique de l’après-guerre comme au contexte artistique et culturel contemporain.
Au cours des recherches, il est apparu que la violence de Cobra était plus ambiguë que ce qui avait été imaginé initialement. Elle relève en réalité d’une forme d’instrumentalisation émanant des acteurs, qui ont multiplié les effets rhétoriques, les attitudes et les déclarations allant dans ce sens, conduisant Cobra à user d’une violence « décorative » nettement instrumentée :un outil utilisé par les artistes dans la construction de leur image, de leur identité individuelle et collective. Cette piste a ainsi débouché vers d’autres résultats que ceux imaginés au préalable mais n’en a pas moins permis de réévaluer le mouvement sur le plan de l’histoire des représentations, en étudiant les stratégies développées par ses membres dans les œuvres et les discours. La mise en perspective critique de ceux-ci a permis de cerner la capacité rhétorique de certains membres de Cobra, qui ont valorisé l’image d’un mouvement artistique résolument « moderne », c’est-à-dire violent et revendicateur, tout en puisant leur inspiration dans certaines formes d’art primitives et brutes.
La thèse s’articule de façon thématique, autour de quatre pôles révélateurs des formes et du sens de la violence détectée dans les œuvres et les discours des Cobra :
Répondre à la guerre – Cobra face au siècle
Une violence générationnelle
Le primitif ou le jeu de la violence
Aspirations libertaires
Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Goudal, Émilie. "La France face à son histoire : les artistes plasticiens et la guerre d’Algérie, de 1954 a nos jours." Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100011.
Full textFrom 1954 to 1962, the Independence War or Algerian War — depending on whether the story is narrated from the perspective of the victors or the defeated — touched many generations of international artist, while also penetrating and pushing aesthetic questions about representations of the unspeakable. By tracing the scar of this break between France and Algeria through the prism of art, this thesis reveals the importance of a crucial historical moment, hitherto unexamined by art history, which continues to bear upon contemporary politics in France. Offering exploratory themes not only to a generation of budding artists who affirmed their social and artistic commitments during the events of Mai 68, but also to artists from postcolonial world who proclaimed a modernity without hierarchy and the writing of unsaid histories, the Algerian War produced some of the fundamental issues underpinning the contemporary French and Algerian art worlds. With the historic prescription of a fifty years’ deferral now being over, the conflicted memories of the French defeat continue to trouble the undisturbed writing and exhibition of this sequence of historical events, formative key to construction of contemporary France. Consequently, this study proposes a critical examination of the representation of this “non history” in the French museum. In so doing, it estimates the impact of a “non-consensual” history on contemporary artistic practice touched by issues of memory and politics, and which interrogate notions of identity(ies)
Mouré, Pauline. "L'image de Clovis dans le royaume de France entre 1250 et 1550." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL198.
Full textUntil the end of the 12th century, the life of Clovis, a Merovingian king and the first Christian king of the Frankish kingdom, who reigned from about the year 481 until his death on November 27, 511, seems to have been rarely depicted in images. From 1200 onwards, however, iconography picturing the Merovingian king expanded, spreading more and more widely in the kingdom of France. This evolution reflects a change in the interest accorded to Clovis over the last three centuries of the Middle Ages. In order to grasp the substance of this change, this study analyzes the importance attributed to the image of Clovis in the kingdom of France between 1200 et 1500. To this end, an examination of known Clodovian iconography has been conducted. First, this evaluation of the quantity and spread of Clodovian imagery in the kingdom allows us to determine the magnitude of the dissemination of the king’s image as well as the scope and diversity of the public to which it was addressed. This examination then allows us to analyze the modalities of depicting the sovereign’s history, based on variations in the message spread by the iconography. Finally, the study of the meaning of the images and of their function yields – at a time when what Colette Beaune calls the “national sentiment” is forming and when the kingdom encounters one of the major conflicts of the period, the Hundred Years War – an understanding of the reasons for the development of the imagery depicting Clovis and for the variations in the place accorded to the king in the iconographic discourse spread between 1200 and 1500 in the kingdom of France
Barrère, Sandra. "Écrire une histoire tue : le massacre de Sabra et Chatila dans la littérature et l’art." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BOR30022.
Full textThe research questions the functions of literature and art in relation to a violent event that is a taboo subject, namely the massacre perpetrated in the Palestinian refugee camps of Sabra and Shatila (16-18 September 1982 ), in Beirut. It applies to it with a presupposition: there is not only the breaking of reality in art, art is the time at work (P. Ricœur, A. Compagnon). The process begins with the observation of a triple deficit most evident in historiography, in cult of the dead and justice. This is an event that is held secret: we will call it taboo. In addition, it takes note of the emergence of a corpus of works in the fields of literature, cinema, contemporary art. From then on, the research intends to auscultate the political functions of poetics (J. Rancière). Several hypotheses are formulated which together signal the transitive and performative character of art and literature: on the one hand, in the shade of a truth not recorded in history books, i.e. of the melancholy of truth resulting from this missing (C. Coquio), the works are meant to tell what history conceals (I. Jablonka, E. Bouju, A. Imhoff, K. Quirós); on the other hand, since the victims have not been buried, the works deposit a stele at the place of its absence, restoring equalities towards bodies that do not count (J. Butler); finally, faced with a judicial irresolution which signifies the undecidable character of the event, they operate, through their symbolic mediations, the rehabilitating clinic not only of the human being, but also of the language and the authority of sense (A. Gefen, C. Coquio). Situated at the crossroads of postcolonial studies and gender studies, the research examines the politicity of literature and art of a body of 14 works collected from both the epicenter and the periphery of the event
Kampa, Artemise. "Le syncrétisme esthétique de Forces Nouvelles (1935-1942) : une voie pour la définition de l’identité culturelle française dans l’imaginaire de l’entre-deux-guerres." Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100081/document.
Full textThis dissertation analyses the problematic, paradoxical position of the group known as Forces Nouvelles within the large movement of a return to realistic figuration, which takes place in the context of interwar aesthetics. Forces Nouvelles, launched in 1935 as an anti-modern, anti-conformist group, proposes a new pictorial language, a more sensitive realism at the service of the expression of the interiority of human beings and remote from social and ideological associations, beyond trivial realism and jaded classicism. This humanistic realism would confer a noble aesthete's profile to the group. Such ambivalence between realism and classicism, between activism and aestheticism is carried over in art criticism even after the dissolution of the group in 1942. This ambiguous, obscure identity of Forces Nouvelles becomes meaningful in the light of the spiritual and ideological quest of the 1930s intelligentsia, which revolted against materialist ideology, whether liberal or Marxist, aspiring to a new, more spiritual and moral, modernity. In its exploration of a new alternative, which is neither right nor left-oriented, it veers towards the most anachronistic conservatism verging on fascism. Having intellectual affinities with the radical elite, this both nihilistic and eclectic group, strives to achieve original aesthetics - modern and spiritual - and a new Renaissance. Based on a supposed authentic pictorial tradition Forces Nouvelles adopts a realistic style, grave and sober, verging on archaism. Resonating with the vision of this non-conformist generation and the advent of a new moral order Forces Nouvelles puts forward a realistic style with an existential basis as the aesthetics of ultra-modernity
Munier-Gaillard, Cristophe. "L’émergence de l’individu dans la peinture murale bouddhique narrative de Haute-Birmanie (1700-1786)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040220.
Full textThis doctoral thesis studies the appearance, in the pictural mise en scène of early 18th century Buddhist narratives, of ordinary men and women discussing, quarelling, loving, or simply depicted in their everyday life, and who occupy the foreground of the narratives though they are not part of them. Together with characters hauts en couleurs (narghile smokers, alcohol and women lovers) of Indian, Portuguese and half-breed origin, whose proper names appear in the cartouche of the captions of the scenes, and who characterize the pictural production of the Chindwin region, are everyday fellows depicted in their daily life (horsemen, cowherds, hunters of ill-omen birds, children running to see the Bodhisatta, men climbing a palm tree). These fellows illustrate the increasingly large place given to the society by the painters. The characters hauts en couleurs give rise to a series of portraits, often of a caricatural inspiration, and to genre scenes of a bawdy humour that reflect a sense of observation of the human nature, all the more accurate as it depicts foreigners. The purpose of the paintings is not just to edify the audience, but also to surprise and amuse it. The fellows illustrate the tendency of the painters to represent life scenes as exotic. Finally we are not witnessing a secularization of the purpose of the Buddhist narratives but, on the contrary, their appropriation and their Burmanization, as shown by the series of regional Buddhist monuments starting from the late 18th century