Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Guerre civile – Espagne'
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Lépine, Nicolas. "LE SOCIALISME INTERNATIONAL ET LA GUERRE CIVILE ESPAGNOLE." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29473/29473.pdf.
Full textGodicheau, François. "Répression et ordre public en Catalogne pendant la guerre civile (1936-1939)." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0092.
Full textGuilloteau, Virginie. "Evacuation et assistance à la population civile espagnole pendant la guerre d'Espagne (1936-1939)." Thesis, Tours, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOUR2019.
Full textWhen the military uprising against the Popular Front leading the Second Republic took place in Spain on the 17th-18th July, 1936, the status quo was upset. This break in the historical process triggered the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939). Like in many other conflicts that marked the history of mankind, the beginning of hostilities in Spain forced civilians to move and leave their homes. In most cases, these people left the war areas either in great disorder or in an organized way. Since the Civil War (1936-1939) was the first European conflict in which there was a need to move a large number of people – particularly women, children, elderly people and the sick – in order to avoid war dangers, the Republican power had to devise and implement unprecedented evacuation and assistance measures. However, the Republican authorities were not alone in this, since many national and international political organizations, trade unions and associations cooperated with them. It should not be forgotten that the Spanish Civil War was a fratricidal conflict that triggered unprecedented international action ; besides, some countries agreed to welcome Spanish refugees, especially when they were children. Due to its proximity to Spain, France was, by far, the country which accepted the largest number of refugees
Bossan, Marie-Pierre. "Emergence d'une mémoire de la guerre civile en Galice : le cas de Pontevedra." Grenoble 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE39008.
Full textThis research is a contribution to the study of the history of the spanish civil war (1936-1939) in galicia. If the military uprising of july 1936 was immediately a complete success in this area, the new authorities very quickly took important repressive measures. This thesis aims at understanding and analysing what memory is kept nearly sixty years after the war, thanks to a corpus of fifty verbal testimonies collected in the town of pontevedra, the capital city of one of the four galician provinces. First, the analysis is focused on the memory external to individuals (institutional, official, scientific) through commemorative actions or publications. This first step leads to a better understanding, later on, of the different aspects of oral memory. The obsessions, hesitations, distortions and omissions of the oral testimony can thus be considered, not only as far as the keeping of memories is concerned, but also from the viewpoint of producing a testimony as an act of communicating whose discursive strategies highlight the relationship these people maintain with the past. Recording the memory and giving an account, sometimes strongly framed by the discourse of institutional memory, call out in the way they are built individual and social factors, thanks to which it becomes possible to draw the stakes of memory. Thus, the study sheds light on the specific status of the oral testimony as a historical source, so that the voices of the last witnesses may, one day, find their place in the writing of history
Fernandez, José Antonio. "Cinéma et guerre civile au pays basque (1936-1939)." Nantes, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NANT3041.
Full textThe doctoral thesis Cinema and the Spanish civil war in the Basque Country provides an analysis of all the films related to this conflict which have been produced throughout the last seventy years. The war that took place in the Basque lands had its own peculiarities which have been made visible in all the related cinema products. Franco’s propaganda was aggressive, full of rage, insulting. It was focused not only on the military victories of the fascists or the glorifying scenes about the Caudillo, but also on the humiliation of the enemies. The Basque nationalist propaganda appeared when the war was almost finished. The best documentary at this respect is Guernika (1937) carried out in Paris, which entailed a considerable effort to let the Europeans know about the nazi bombing of the Basque city. When war was over, the screens remained almost silent. Nevertheless, after Franco’s dictatorship they became fully recovered remembrances of the war, usually to link those experiences with the present. Thus, all films about the Spanish Civil War in the Basque Country are closely related to the times when they were filmed
Lobjeois, Eric. "Le Mexique et l'Espagne, 1936-1952 : la guerre civile, l'exil, la République et Franco." Paris 7, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA070093.
Full textThis work analyses the solidarity between revolutionary Mexico and the Spanish Republic since 1936 until 1952. During this period, Mexico, under president Cárdenas authority, became a protector of the Spanish second Republic attacked, in 1936, by a military movement supervised by général Francisco Franco and helped by fascist Italy and nazi Germany. Mexico provided the Republic a diplomatic, humanitarian and military assistance. Unfortunately, the Spanish civil war turned over in april 1939 with Franco's victory. Then, half million people were forced to live Spain scrambling, threatened by repression. Cárdenas decided immediately to offer them Mexico's hospitality. Between 1939 and 1945, approximately 20 to 30. 000 spanish republicans found safety and a new home in Mexico, rejoining a few children and intellectuals who were evacuated from Spain during the war. This operation was organized by Mexican government and spanish organizations for help the refugees. Such an immigration, highly qualified, represent a phenomenon unprecedented in Spain's contemporary history. Thereafter, this solidarity became part of the mexican history and Cárdenas attitude was incessantly claimed by Mexico until 1976. In 1945, republicans were authorized by mexican president Manuel Avila Camacho to restore a spanish republican government in exile in Mexico to remove Franco from the power with help of the OUN. Unsuccessfully. During the post world war period, Mexico stayed as a strong opponent against Franco's regime and Franco's foreign policy was constantly looking for his recognition from Mexico. Unsuccessfully too. However, in 1952, Franco's Spain was finally admitted at the UNESCO and entered the western order. So, during ail this time, Mexico has been the common border between the two Spain
Matly, Michel. "Bande dessinée et guerre civile espagnole : représentations et clés d'analyse." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CLF20009.
Full textThis doctoral thesis analyzes the representation of the Spanish civil war in comics published in Spain and over the world between 1976 and 2015, i.e. about 350 comics and more than 7000 pages dedicated to the conflict. The specificity of the media as well as the size of the sample require investigating some theoretical issues such as the way comics communicate, transmit meaning and confront author's and reader's representations. This leads to propose a standardized method of statistical analysis build on the creation of topic-related lexicon and grammar for comic images,comparable to text data-mining. Results structure the corpus according to three main stable and independent dimensions: the degree of provocation of the reader (between only recording events and sparking thought, emotion or commitment), the legitimacy of the conflict (between a just fight and a mad war that no reason can justify) and polemics (two still opposed Spains). These results also point out significant differences and evolutions of the representation of the Spanish war,compatible with the conclusions of other works about the memory of the conflict based on different historical and cultural sources. Studied period can be divided into times of construction, crystallization and abandonment of a first representation between the 70s and the mid-90s, then of construction and crystallization of a second more polemical representation from the second half of the 90s to nowadays. Comics also show that some aspects of the war, such as violence towards civilians, the role of Catholic church, prison and exile, the place of the Republic during the conflict, are still inconclusive. Being both historical records and historic objects, comics inform us not only on the Spanish civil war, but also on the societies and times that remember it
Bénit, André. "La guerre civile espagnole dans la littérature belge Paul Nothomb : histoire, romans et mythe /." Madrid : Universidad complutense de Madrid, Servicio de publicaciones, 1996. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41373076j.
Full textSerrano, Moreno Juan Enrique. "Mémoires de vainqueurs, mémoires de vaincus. : La construction démocratique à l'épreuve des conflits autour des mémoires de la Guerre Civile et du franquisme." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010325.
Full textThis PhD thesis analyzes the role of conflict in relation to the memories of the Spanish Civil War and Francoism in the context of democracy building in the long-term and the local, regional and national levels. The socio-historical study of practices, discourses and intercations between agents such as the statee, the church, the political parties, historiography, victims' associations or families, elucidates how the memory of the Cicil War ceased to be a manichean story, being depoliticized during the transition, and finally becam, once democracy was consolidated, a policy field and a militant cause. The intersectorial circulation of political, religious, historical and legal knwledges, actions and agents-bearing dibergent and little reflexive interpretations of history-involved the establishment of cultural matrices by which ordinary citizens translate contemporary politics. The conflicts between the victors'memories and the vanquished's ones are both the cause and the effect of the policization of memory and the memorization of politics, thus participating in the undermining of the initial legitimacy of the Spanish democratic regime
Gregorio, Pierre-Paul. "Guerre civile et information. Etude contrastive des deux editions du journal abc dans le contexte de la guerre civile espagnole (mille neuf cent trente-six-mille neuf cent trente-neuf)." Toulouse 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU20073.
Full textImprisoned in the troubled context of the spanish civil war, the newspaper abc - published in madrid and in seville - stands out as a particular case in the world of the contemporary press. Indeed, for thirty-two months, two newspapers, with diametrically opposed ideologiesand hopes appeared under the same title. Nationalistic in seville, republican in madrid, abc became the mouthpiece of a minority current in its own area: confronted with brutally dramatic events, both dailies related - as accurately as possible - the situation in spain to which they were the privileged witnesses. The military and political fields, the social and economic reality, no aspect whatsoever of the life of the nation was overlooked by either newspaper. This exceptional situation only ended with the entrance of franco's troops into the spanish capital
Oms, Marcel. "La guerre d'Espagne vue par le cinéma : mythes et réalités." Montpellier 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986MON30006.
Full textVekic, Tiana. "Literary representations of civil wars : a comparative study of novels dealing with the Spanish civil war and the Yugoslav conflict." Thesis, Perpignan, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PERP0001.
Full textA civil war is a violent conflict of dramatic political and social change that becomes a historical, cultural and literary marker. It is a period when laws, history and identities are reformulated through dual processes of deconstruction and reconstruction. This makes evident the symbolic dimension of civil war violence and accentuates the unstable, precarious and malleable nature of identity constructs, ideologies and history. The fact that these rapid transformations implicate massive human suffering is perhaps what is most unsettling about civil war. A civil war is not only a pivotal moment in a nation’s history but as well on an individual level for those who live through it and have to adapt to the changing systems of values that redefine life during and after the conflict. This thesis examines how contemporary novels dealing with the Spanish Civil War and the Yugoslav conflict reflect on the human experience during these periods of chaotic and violent social transformations. The study presents a comparative analysis of the following works: Camilo José Cela’s San Camilo, 1936, Dževad Karahasan’s Sara i Serafina (Sara and Sefarina), Mercè Rodoreda’s Quanta, quanta guerra… (War, so much war), Velibor Čolić’s Chronique des oubliés (Chronicle of the forgotten), Carmen Martín Gaite’s El cuarto de atrás (The backroom), David Albahari’s Mrak (Darkness), and Javier Cercas’ Soldados de Salmanina (Soldiers of Salamis). Parting from a close study of the texts, the thesis argues that the novels represent the human dimension by focusing on ordinary people’s subjective experiences during the conflict while relegating the political and military events surrounding the civil war to the background. Such representations aspire to redeem the complexities and the significance of individual lives and of a social collective, which the civil war’s physical and symbolic violence dehumanizes, silences and obliterates
Herbreteau, Julie. "Le cinéma espagnol, lieu de rencontre de l'histoire et de la mémoire : les représentations cinématographiques de la guerre civile espagnole (1982-1996)." Nantes, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NANT3023.
Full textThis doctoral thesis develops an analysis of the spanish civil war cinematographic representations in films produced between 1982 and 1996, under the socialist governments presided by Felipe Gonzales. It participates in the research on the relations between history and cinema. Furthermore, it brings the relation between the cinematographic representations and the memory of the conflict into question, in order to underline the way the films and serials created during this period (1982-1996) took part in the construction of the spanish civil war collective memory
Urcelay-Maragnès, Denise. "Les volontaires cubains dans la défense de la République espagnole : de l'engagement au retour(1936-1959)." Antilles-Guyane, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AGUY0143.
Full textMore than thousand cuban volunteers fought in the defence of the spanish republic in 1936. How can this massive enrolment be explained? This thesis proposes to find an answer to the question. To do this the first part presents those aspects of the historical context in cuba and spain which gave rise to a feeling that both countries shared a common context. The second part attempts to show what incited men to enrol:The association of the failure in the 1930's of the revolution in cuba and the attack on the spanish republic and how it triggered a change of attitude towards spain. This is followed by a study of how the volunteers were recruited as well as a political profile of a cuban contingent. The third part deals with the activity and effectiveness of the cuban brigades at war. An attempt is made to interpret the testimony of the combatants and the intellectuals. The fourth part shows how the cuban volunteers withdrew from the war zone and discusses what happened to them in the french and spanish camps. It seeks to understand whether their farewell to spain was also a farewell to arms
Skoutelsky, Rémi. "Les volontaires français en Espagne republicaine (1936-1939)." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010615.
Full textNear 10 000 frenchmen went to fight with the Spanish republicans between 1936 and 1939, especially in the International brigades. This thesis relates their story, from varied sources : Dictionnaire biographique du mouvement ouvrier français, oral investigation, press, Spanish and French archives, archives of the police and above all archives of the International brigades, deposed in Moscow. The main episodes of the Spanish civil war, the story of foreign republican military units, and above all the international brigades are recalled. Volunteer's recruit, their routing to Spain are brought to light thanks to witness and first hand documents. The non-communist left's attitude is also studied. A prosopography of the brigadists, thanks to a data base of several thousands names, constitutes the heart of this thesis. Age, job, geographical origin, political membership etc. Are thoroughly studied. The volunteers' motivations, their conditions of living, their relations with the Spanish population, the problems related to the coexistence of several nationalities, together with the politico-military functioning of the international brigades and their ideology, constitute the second part of the work. An evaluation of French casualities is given
Diallo, Oumar. "Michel del Castillo, la Guerre d'Espagne en héritage." Cergy-Pontoise, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CERG0555.
Full textIt’s question in this thesis, entitled “Michel del Castillo: the Spanish civil war in heritage”, to apprehend the work of the Franco-Spanish writer to the light three components: history, life and the writing. Born in Madrid in 1933, of French father and Spanish mother, the Spanish civil war of 1936 constitute his first and decisive experiment of the world and the major determinant of his life. The writing of this tragic destiny, structured around the war and its slags (exile, internment in the camps of the south of France, deportation, pro-Franco reformatories, the abandonment and deprivations of all kinds), confers an important place on the event. From where the essential characteristic of its work which, combining lived and the history, inflects former perceptions related to the war. The direction of the novel, built like interrogation and mediation facing the hardness of reality, lies in the sublimation of the life, making it possible to Michel del Castillo to exceed the History
Sensevy-Calvet, Josyane. "La guerre civile d'Espagne vue par quatre hebdomadaires des Pyrénées Orientales (de juillet 1936 à juillet 1937)." Montpellier 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986MON30015.
Full textAfter a brief outline of the situation in spain during the year 1936, the present survey deals primarily with the coverage of contemporary events by four weekly magazines published in the pyrenees orientales. It endeavours to describe france's stand in the internationalization of the conflit, through a review of selected articles. The second part presents a systematic study of texts relevant to the following specific themes : - verbal violence - peace in europe - the church - women. In the third part an attempt has been made at describing and individualizing the two spains : revolutionary spain and franco's spain. Lastly, the fourth part studies the birth of myths in the spanish conlict by defining, presenting and analyzing the development of four main myths in the spanish civil war : the myth of the barbarian, the myth of the crusade, the myth of the leader, the myth of the woman
Conesa, Soriano Julia. "Entre l'Église et la ville : le chapitre et les chanoines à Barcelone au sortir de la guerre civile catalane (1472-1500)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040078.
Full textThis PhD thesis analyses the cathedral chapter of Barcelona and its members at the end of the 15th century. This institution proves to be a major urban actor. Beyond their religious powers, bishops and canons proved to be closely involved in the history of Barcelona. Their functions grant them lands, which turn them into important landlords in the city and its surroundings. The canonicate gives them access to the "ecclesiastical arm" of the Crown of Aragon’s political institutions such as the Diputació del General de Catalunya and the Corts. Their social origins integrate them into the networks of personal relations that structure the urban oligarchy: they are fully part of the ruling elite of Barcelona and they occupy a very specific place there, because of their belonging to the Church. This situation places them at the junction of power networks, sometimes antagonistic and sometimes allied: those of the Church, those of the municipal political elite, and those of the family groups constituting the oligarchy. At the end of the Catalan Civil War of 1462-1472, Barcelona, main city of Catalonia, undergoes profound socio-political transformations: an official list of the patricians is established, the municipal government opens to the nobility and undertakes several economic recovery measures after the disturbances caused by the war. The study shows that the cathedral chapter, fully integrated with the ruling elite of the city, has to play a real role in the public life of the city during this period
Chueca, Cuartero Miguel. ""propagande et légitimation du coup d'état du 18 juillet 1936" (le mythe du complot communiste)." Paris 10, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA100076.
Full textGohary, Laurent. "La politique coloniale de César en Espagne : enjeux des ressources naturelles et colonisation dans la guerre civile 49-44 avant J.C." Thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2005/23000/23000.pdf.
Full textMilquet, Sophie. "Ecrire le traumatisme: mémoire féminine dans les fictions sur la guerre civile espagnole :représentations, formes, enjeux, 1975-2011." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209501.
Full textNous nous attachons d’abord à l’étude globale des représentations des expériences féminines de la guerre et de la répression. Dans l’écriture des violences subies comme dans celle des luttes et résistances, la double dimension politique et de genre émerge. L’analyse se resserre ensuite sur les représentations du traumatisme, entre manifestations pathologiques et tentatives de ritualisation. Nous montrons à cet égard comment le récit peut assumer une fonction rituelle.
La « poétique du traumatisme » mise au jour dans le corpus d’étude qualifie des réalisations formelles diverses, rassemblées en trois ensembles, correspondant à autant de lieux possibles d’ancrage du traumatisme :le rapport générationnel, le corps et la voix. Une attention spéciale est accordée à la figure de la victime. Des phénomènes tels que la répétition et la délinéarisation, apparaissant à divers niveaux du récit, éclairent le rapport que les fictions entretiennent avec le passé ainsi que leurs positions éthiques et politiques dans le présent de la démocratie.
The current study explores the expression of women’s memory in literary works dealing with the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) and Francoism. It focuses on the fictional narratives published between the end of the dictatorship (1975) and 2010, in French (Agustin Gomez-Arcos and Mercedes Deambrosis) and Spanish (Dulce Chacón Carme Riera, Josefina Aldecoa, Jesús Ferrero, Marifé Santiago Bolaños and Ángeles Caso).
The thesis first conducts a global analysis on the representations of women’s experiences of war and repression. In the writing of violence, struggle and resistance, the double political and gendered dimension emerges. The research focuses subsequently on the trauma representations, between pathological manifestations and ritual attempts, and shows how narrative can assume a ritual function.
The « poetics of trauma » characterises various formal realisations, divided into three groups. Each of them embodies a possible space for the inscription of trauma :the generational link, the body and the voice. Special attention is given to the figure of the victim. Phenomena such as repetition and delinearisation, that appear at various levels, clarify the relationship that fictional narratives build with the past as well as their ethical and political positions in the democracy.
Doctorat en Langues et lettres
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Feugain, André Sauveur Michel. "Iconologie et iconographie : analyse contrastive des affiches de propagande pendant la IIe république et la guerre civile espagnole 1931-1939." Orléans, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ORLE1096.
Full textAs a provider of information and propaganda, the poster appears very often in a context where men live a double reality : one arising from personal experience and the other linked to the media and other communication systems, hence the need to study the formal structures, the intrinsic features and the models of propaganda in such support. Base on a nine hundred posters corpus from the Second Republic and the civil war, this thesis is an analysis of the propaganda poster, of the link between the argument and the iconological and iconographic representation, and finally of its relationships with history. Starting from the idea that interference between the rhetoric message and the iconological message is not a sine qua non condition of an actual coherence between image and text, as they belong to two different semiotic systems, we prefer the idea of contextual signifiance of the elements in connection with their co-text and their context of production. We are then both in the world of semiotics when dealing with dealing with the interpretation of iconic elements, and in the world of pragmatics when it comes to the interpretation of linguistic elements. In addition to the answer given to the issue of knowing how the Republicans and the insurgents use the circumstances for propagandist purposes, the thesis develops a multi-criteria analysis involving two complementary approaches : a list of the questions which must be asked when analyzing propaganda posters and an inventory of the propaganda mechanisms to make-see, make-believe and make-do, that were used in the Spanish pre-dictatorship period
Lemesle, Hervé. "Des Yougoslaves engagés au XXe siècle : itinéraires de volontaires yougoslaves en Espagne républicaine." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010631.
Full textSill, Édouard. "Du combattant volontaire international au soldat-militant transnational : le volontariat étranger antifasciste durant la guerre d’Espagne (1936-1938)." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLEP026.
Full textInternational war volunteerism during the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) is a widely studied topic and frequently called upon the contemporary politics about transnational volunteerism, in accordance with the originality of the phenomenon during this time, through the background of the “European Civil War”. However, the famous International Brigades have captured all the attention of historiography, concealing the phenomenon under its main manifestation. As a result, international war volunteerism has not yet been considered from a global perspective, as a singular sequence of a recurrent transnational phenomenon in which the International Brigades constitute a highly idiosyncratic object in themselves. Based on a largely unpublished corpus of archives, this thesis focuses on highlighting the phenomenon of international war volunteerism during the Spanish Civil War by considering its predominantly anti-fascist, pro-Republican dimension. This perspective has therefore led to an exercise in redefining and reinterpreting the place of the International Brigades both in the transnational geopolitical and cultural strategies of the communist movement, and in the wider field of anti-fascism in the mid-1930s. The heuristic thread is based on three major problematic lines. The first one proceeds with a change of scale in the analysis of the phenomenon, by reversing the usual perspective of social history, which takes as a postulate the volunteers alone, and by considering the phenomenon from a systemic point of view in order to reveal the impulse behind it as well as the space it occupies. The second proposes to disengage the phenomenon from the shadow of the International Brigades so as to observe and compare its various manifestations, reveal their plurality and variety, and examine their presence and relations both with each other and with the event. The third one considers the political intentions and destinations which determined the scale, periodicity and varieties of the phenomenon. This heuristic thread makes it possible to reconsider the historicity of the phenomenon as a sequence of a long history of which it bears the traces and pursues the inheritance, while emphasizing its dependence on circumstantial partisan logics. The thesis is divided into four diachronic, chronologically-sequenced parts. The first two deal with the period from July 1936 to September 1937 while the last two cover the period from October 1937 to October 1938. Two of the parts --the first and third ones-- consider the phenomenon in its entirety, while the other two --the second and fourth-- are entirely devoted to the International Brigades, from the vantage point of their origins, intentions and situation in the phenomenon. The first part takes the shape of a description and inventory of the phenomenon, whereas the second part observes the appearance of the International Brigades and the designs pursued by the Communist International in their creation. The third part is devoted to the transformations undergone by the phenomenon during its Spanish immersion, and to the processes that led to its reduction and extinction. The last part considers the International Brigades as they became the only manifestation of the phenomenon during their last year of existence, and the consequences for them of the aggiornamento of the Spanish policy of the Comintern
Trouvé-Silva, Michèle. "Le rapport au savoir médiatisé du professeur d' espagnol au lycée. Une vision de la Guerre Civile et du Franquisme en Espagne et des dictatures et révolutions en Amérique latine." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMR141/document.
Full textThis research projet questions the teaching practice, the identity, and the construction and relationship to knowledge of Spanish high teachers, using various media. The documents that hold our attention here ar those that deal with the different revolutions and dictatorships that merged in Laton America or tje Spanish Civil war and the Francoist regime that followed it. These subjets an integral part of the culturel content that was put in place for the secondary school curriculum, up to and including sixth form level. The object of this research aims to illuminate what is ambiguous, imperceptible or unknown in the diffusion of the culturel content that was mentioned earlier. The aim is to try and explore the outward display used by teachers in their professional practice, as it relates to their culturel background, their knowledge acquisition and their wants and pain. Their personal histories enable un to uncover how their knowledge building mechanisms are influenced, consciously and unconsciensly, by such issues as their fantasies, defense mechanisms, expectations, life perspective, relationships, their own self image and that they want to project
Joly, Maud. "Le corps de l’ennemie : histoire et représentations des violences contre les républicaines, Espagne (1936-1963)." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011IEPP0060.
Full textThis research is devoted to the analysis of sexual acts of violence committed by the nationalist camp against republican women during the period of the Spanish Civil War and of the post-war years. This study aims at studying the meaning of acts which end up creating a grammar of violence. It also aims at showing that the way the body of the enemy is treated sheds lights on the very nature of the Francoist political project. The very decision to shave, purge, rape and sexually mutilate women - all very particular forms of violence - allows us to understand how the country plunged into violence, along with the totalizing dynamic of this violence and the way it is part of a long genealogy of the history of political, social and cultural confrontation in Spain. He study revolves around the analysis of the corporeity of war, rooted in the links between violence, sex and war between 1936 and 1939 but also around the identification of those who committed these violent acts, designated in archives by descriptions of violent acts mixed with fantasies as well as stereotypes, and finally around the analysis of the long period during which the country left the war in fits and starts, an analysis that pinpoints continuities, echoes, and abrupt changes in the evolution of political violence in Spain. The thesis here is that of an archaeology of sexual violent acts. This archaeology aims at casting new light, thanks to the study of facts that used to be relegated to the margins of history, on the Spanish Civil War and its aftermath. Beyond this particular goal, the idea is to write, through the analysis of these violent acts and of the fantasies that underpin and reinvent them, new pages
Fontaine, François. "La Guerre d'Espagne (18/07/36-01/04/39) à travers la presse française illustrée." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040168.
Full textMartinez-Maler, Odette. "Témoignages oraux et transmissions des mémoires : la guérilla antifranquiste de León-Galice (1936-1951)." Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100024.
Full textThe present dissertation proofs, in the first section entitled "Archives of Memory", that the oral testimonies of the guerrilla resistance of Leon - Galicia (1936-1951) are not only sources of information on a finished past but fragile traces of past that has been actively repressed. The dissertation analyzes they way by which the words of the actors, who attest to their subjective experience of the armed resistance, crossed the silences from 1936 to 2011 and they way by which these testimonies face, each in a differentiated manner, an order of discourse on the one hand linked to the dictatorship and on the other to the official writing of this history - including the political parties that were once involved in this armed fight. It discusses too the gender relations of domination that have contributed to the invisibility of the history of resistant women. Hence, the dissertation analyses as well the barely audible words of women and children of the guerrilla. The dissertation considers the polyphony of memories by connecting on one hand the diversity of positions and of journeys taken by the testimonies, and on the other hand the diversity of registers as well of the of the enunciations that one finds in testimonies. This perspective allows for the questioning of a construction of a common memory and of its transmission. The second part of the dissertation deals with the role of the transmitters of memory, who in fact, are the guerrilla fighters themselves and their descendants and analyzes the staging of their testimonies in the public arena, mainly through the discourses of the associations
Giustiniani, Eve. "Une biographie intellectuelle de José Ortega y Gasset pendant l'exil (1936-1946) : silence politique ou collaboration passive ?" Aix-Marseille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX10094.
Full textQuillier, Élodie. "Les épurations des personnels universitaires de l’Université Centrale de Madrid, 1936-1972." Toulouse 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU20039.
Full textThe history of Spain of the 20th century is marked by several major events as the foundation of the second Republic, the revolt of July 18th 1936, the civil war and the resulting Franco dictatorship until November 1975. Since July 1936, a purge of the administration begins, both on the side of the republicans and on the side of the rebels, to eliminate the members judged as "enemies". The university personnel, intellectual and dedicated to the education of the youth, are a primary target. It is in the Central university of Madrid, nowadays Complutense, where we have focused our attention for its geographical location and its essential role on research and education. Based on legislation, and more importantly on the purge files of the university personnel in Madrid, preserved in the General Archives of the Administration (Alcalá de Henares), we study the different purges that took place between 1936 and 1972 : the one started by the government of the Republic and the one from the rebels. We focus not only on the "negative" purge, the sanctioned personnel, but also on the "positive" purge, the personnel confirmed in their positions. In addition we speak about the punitive purge and also about the preventive one that allows control over the access to the university positions during long years. Finally, we also speak about the "self-purge", when the university personnel leave their positions to avoid becoming victims of the purge. Our intention is to evaluate the way of working, the evolution, scope, efficiency and the severity of these purges
Cendoya, Jessica. "Le Guernica : un tableau-monument en expositions. Support de réactivation et d’actualisation des mémoires de la Guerre Civile espagnole (1936-1939)." Thesis, Avignon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AVIG1192.
Full textThe research aims to define how the construction of regimes of artistic, memorial and historical values of Guernica - a work of art made by Pablo Picasso in 1937 - participates in the patrimonial writing of the painting-monument, on the one hand, and becomes operative in the reactivation or updating of the memory of the events to which it refers, as part of the museum visit, on the other hand. Three levels of research have been thought out. The first was to circumscribe the Guernica object as an art object by placing a base of analysis of the object detached from any context, and this, in order to better understand those by which it exists as a cultural object signified in temporal and geographical contexts. In a second step, the analysis of the different exposures of Guernica made it possible to grasp the different values of use which were attributed to him and this to understand how it was constructed as a patrimonial object. Finally, in a third step, in the light of a detailed analysis of the exhibition of Guernica at MNCARS in 2009 and 2013, 60 interviews conducted according to a qualitative methodology after the visit were analyzed in order to understand the use values that mobilize the spaniards at the reception and for what reasons. The interest of the investigation is to have revealed that there was a range of memories and apprehensions related to the Guernica object. The surveys were analyzed under the prism of political sensitivity (Republicans and Nationalists), but especially under that of the generational prism, and for which four generations are identified. The results of analysis by generations, allow to distinguish two types of report to Guernica: reactivation and actualization. The notions of reactivation and actualization (Georgescu-Paquin, 2013) are part of a logic of rupture-continuity, which is necessary for any heritage-making process (Davallon, 2006). In this case of study, the MNCARS proposes a framework on a side of the history which, if not soothing the tensions, revives them for some (Nationalists); while others, find themselves in a process started recently (Republicans), following the so-called law of "historical memory" (2007). On the other hand, the new generations present a calm and distanced glance which allows them to make operative the patrimonial writing of Guernica
HERVIOU, NGUYEN MARTINE. "L'espagne dans l'oeuvre romanesque des ecrivains espagnols d'expression francaise : jose luis de vilallonga michel del castillo, agustin gomez arcos." Paris 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA030039.
Full textOUR research WORK IS BASED ON TWO ASPECTS : A VISION OF SPAIN, WRITTEN BY SPANISH NOVELISTS, JOSE LUIS DE VILALLONGA, MICHEL DEL CASTILLO AND AGUSTIN GOMEZ ARCOS, BUT THESE AUTHORS HAVE DECIDED TO EXPRESS THEMSELVES IN FRENCH. JOSE LUIS DE VILALLONGA, MICHEL DEL CASTILLO AND AGUSTIN GOMEZ ARCOS CHOSE TO LIVE IN FRANCE, IN EXILE FOR POLITICAL REASONS, AFTER THE SPANISH CIVIL WAR FROM 1936 UNTIL 1939 AND THE FRANQUISM ERA WHICH FOLLOWED. HOWEVER, THEIR EXILE IS A CULTURAL EXILE TOO, BECAUSE IT CONTAINS A REJECTION OF THE SPANISH LANGUAGE. OUR STUDY IS BOTH THEMATIC AND LITERARY. WE ANALYSE THE VISION OF SPAIN IN THEIR NOVELS AND THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THEIR STYLE. OUR THEMATIC ANALYSIS IS COMPARATIVE AND THE THESIS IS DIVIDED IN FOUR CHAPTERS. THE FIRST CHAPTER "LE DRAME DE L'HISTOIRE" EVOCATES THE VISION OF THE CIVIL WAR AND THE STAKES OF WRITING ABOUT THESE EVENTS. THE SECOND CHAPTER, "DES GUERRES FAMILIALES" CONCERNS THE SPANISH FAMILY. THE THIRD CHAPTER, "AU-DELA DES MAUX" IS AN INVESTIGATIONS OR THEIR STYLE. WAR IS PRESENT IN EACH CHAPTER OF THE NOVELS OF THE STUDIED AUTHORS BUT FINALLY THE SPANISH THEMATIC IS EXCEEDED IN THEIR LAST NOVELS WHILE THEY CONTRIBUTE TO ENRICH THE FRENCH NOVEL WITH INNER VISIONS OF SPAIN
Sodigne-Loustau, Jeanine. "L'immigration politique espagnole en région Centre (Cher, Eure-et-Loir, Indre, Loir-et-Cher, Loiret) de 1936 à 1946." Paris 7, 1995. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529068.
Full textFrom 1936 to 1940 the "prefets" of the centre region could count only on local resources to accomodate spanish refugees. With a good organisation of health care, the population was able to cope with its needs. Considerable aid was given. But the government's obsession with security deprived this people of freedom. Few were repatriated and selection for reemigration was according to the wishes of the spanish trade union and political organisations within the department of spanish trade union and political organisations within the department of spanish refugee emigration. There were difficulties in reuniting families. Placing people in agricultural works was made difficult by its seasonal nature as well as family burdens weighing of many women. Nearly 5 000 workers required in agriculture arrived in september 1939. The german invasion in june 1940 put an end to the centers and dispersed the refugees. During the occupation, the men in the foreign workers groups tried to flee german requisitions. The communists ans anarchists wer hunted down. Having participated in the liberation, spaniards, mainly communists, renewed their hope of reconquering spain. But the refugees were divided by too many politicals rivalities either existing before the civil war or arising during it or in exile
Florès, Jean-Marie. "Les anarchistes aragonais et le pouvoir : 1936-1937." Bordeaux 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR30035.
Full textLaugery, Elsa. "Les cités et les élites en Péninsule Ibérique à l'époque des guerres civiles : (vers 80-vers 30 avant J.-C.)." Bordeaux 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR30083.
Full textDuring the First Century B. C. , the Roman civil wars were transposed to the Spanish provinces. The conquest of Spain had started a century earlier, after the war against Hannibal and Carthage. The civil wars brought into conflict the marianist rebel, Sertorius (from the 'populares'), who took refuge in the Iberian peninsula between 80 and 73 B. C. , and the members of the conservative party (the 'optimates'), who had taken power in Rome. The new Spanish provinces were inevitably involved into the political confusion, because of the presence of Sertorius. In the second part of the First Century B. C. , Spain continued to be involved, with the conflict between Julius Cæsar and Pompeius the Great, and subsequently with Pompeius’s sons. The Spanish cities and their native elites, but also the Italian immigrants who had settled in Spain at the beginning of the conquest, were more or less forced to participate to these conflicts. This work seeks to evaluate their involvement and to explain their participation in the war effort. It also attempts to chart the means used by the Roman generals to convince the members of Spanish high society to join their cause. They used persuasion, propaganda, or clientelism, but they did not hesitate, when the occasion arose, to use extortion, persecution and punishment against cities and their leaders if they betrayed or supported the opponent. Finally, with the victory of Julius Cæsar in 45 and the advent of the Emperor Augustus, Spanish territory and society were completely re-organized. This re-organization contributed to impose the pax romana and to romanize definitively the Iberian peninsula
Fraile, Antoine. "Maquis y justicia militar en España (1944-1945)Imagen personal y memoria colectiva." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université François Rabelais - Tours, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00192814.
Full textDufour-Bergeron, Pierre-Luc. "Étude comparée des missions médicales de Norman Bethune en Espagne et en Chine (1936-1939)." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26521.
Full textTaillot, Allison. "Les intellectuelles européennes et la guerre d’Espagne : de l’engagement personnel à la défense de la République espagnole." Thesis, Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100184/document.
Full textDuring the Spanish Civil War (1936-39), many European intellectuals took position supporting the Spanish Republic. So did women, who rallied to defend a regime whose 1931 Constitution had granted them voting rights. Thus sixteen women of letters got involved in one of the critical events of the 20th century, taking an active part in defending the Republican Government. Comparing these 8 Spanish women (Rosa Chacel, Ernestina de Champourcin, Carmen Conde, María Teresa León, Concha Méndez Cuesta, Margarita Nelken, Isabel Oyarzábal de Palencia et María Zambrano) and 8 foreigners (Valentine Ackland, Agnia Barto, Nancy Cunard, Clara Malraux, Anna Sehers, Sylvia Townsend Warner, Andrée Viollis, Simone Weil), the PhD dissertation aims to both cast light on these not very well-known women and their personal commitments and destinies, and provide new insight on the Civil War. Taking into account the early stages of their common commitment against fascism between 1936 and 1939, and analyzing their direct contribution to the war effort and their defense of culture, the dissertation aims to show that the Spanish Civil War gave these women the opportunity to assert themselves as women, as activists and as women of letters
Fontaine, Clarisse. "La trilogie de Rafael Chirbes ou l’histoire d’une génération." Thesis, Pau, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PAUU1038/document.
Full textThis work is dedicated to the study of the trilogy of the Spanish writer Rafael Chirbes (1949-2015), made uo of the Larga marcha, La caída de Madrid and Los viejos amigos, and through which the author recounts the recent history of Spain, since the civil war until the return of a democratic regime, via the Francoism period. The narrative study of each novels coupled with a collective approach will allow us to observe how the story of the characters ends up recounting Spain’s History as well as the story of the author’s disillusioned generation
Renaud, Aurélie. "L' Espagne dans la pensée de Georges Bataille, Jean Genet et Claude Simon : reprise et remaniements des stéréotypes." Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA070113.
Full textSpain noticeably figures prominently in the works of Georges Bataille, Jean Genet and Claude Simon. It is first and foremost the object of a private experience that is both brief and intense. However, the registering of such an experience - the attempt at turning it into thought -then encounters and intersects the images through which the country has customarily been perceived for centuries. They notably turn to two traditions: the heroic mythology of the Civil War, on the one hand, the exotic and picturesque imagination that has characterised the romantic generation, on the other hand. They have patiently and carefully deconstructed such an inheritance. Yet, these stereotypes are not cast away altogether as deceitful conceptions. They are much rather exhibited, taken up, displaced. Hence, in the works of the three authors that are of concern here and despite everything that might distinguish them otherwise, the elaboration of a new Spain, at once recognizable and unrecognizable. A strong alterity springs forth from a conventional alterity, and myth emerges from stereotypes. Indeed Spain eventually opens onto the truth which matters to them and which stands at the core of their respective thought: an anthropological truth in the cases of Simon and Bataille, an intimate truth in the case of Genet. Che aut
Herold-Marme, Amanda. "L'identité artistique à l'épreuve : les artistes espagnols à Paris et l'engagement à partir de la Guerre civile (1936-1956)." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017IEPP0017.
Full textNourished with new information, this study aims to examine the impact of the Spanish Civil War on the community of Spanish artists settled in Paris. We will consider artists with longstanding ties to the French capital when the war breaks out, as well as those whose arrival in France is precipitated by the conflict. Our objective is to situate the specificities of individual trajectories in a global history, by considering the political engagement of these previously apolitical creators for both sides of the Spanish conflict through the prism of their artistic identity which is both Spanish and Parisian. Defined by the ties to modernity or tradition that each artist claims in his work or his social practices, this artistic identity becomes permeated with ideological connotations at the beginning of the Spanish Civil War. Our aim is to shed light on and put into perspective the complexity, the paradoxes and the contradictions of this politicized activity undertaken by Spanish artists in Paris over the course of these tumultuous years, especially during the Nazi Occupation of Paris. The renewal of normalized relations with Francoist Spain in the 1950s marks the end of our study. The massive and ostentatious political engagement of a considerable number of Spanish artists residing in or with strong ties to the French capital will allow us to clarify the point to which these Spaniards in Paris, in spite of their artistic ambitions, find themselves at the point of convergence of art and politics throughout these troubled years of the XXth century
Sorrentino, Christian. "Voir, tuer, écrire : "L’antimonio" de Leonardo Sciascia." Grenoble 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003GRE39000.
Full textCoignard, Cindy. "Recherches sur les militantes du Parti Ouvrier d’Unification Marxiste (1935-1980) : une contribution à l'histoire sociale du genre." Paris 8, 2013. http://octaviana.fr/document/181110113#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textFounded in September 1935 in Spain, the POUM (Workers Party of Marxist Unification) disappeared from the political stage prematurely in June 1937 as it has been declared illegal. This thesis introduces a study of a little-known aspect of this party until now : POUM's women. It seems interesting to study gender relations between POUM's male and female activists in order to find out if there is a match between the party's rhetoric (gender equality) and the daily reality. The analysis will cover various subjects. Activism: in the foreground but also and especially in the background where female politic activist are found. In addition, the study includes an attempt of a differential approach between POUM's women and other political parties' women or women's organizations such as anarchists. The issue of the exiled party's survival also rises up and shows the evolution of political activism towards a more cultural activism. For all those issues, interviews with activists and their families have been important
Alquezar, Rose. "L'Espagne et l'Amérique latine dans l'hebdomadaire "Vendredi", nov. 1935-nov. 1938." Bordeaux 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR30007.
Full textThe study of spain and latin america in the weekly vendredi allows the degree of commitment of left-wing intellectuals during the popular front to be defined, and in particular, their position in relation to the question of non-intervention. The analysis of the ideological combat during the spanish war situates vendredi within the french press, and confronts it with its direct opponents : the weeklies candide and gringoire. It also highlights the difficulties of political action in favour of intervention in spain : difficulties related to the financing of the press and the manipulation, during transmission and at source, of information coming from spain
Mourot, Marine. "Madrid en guerre dans la littérature de la transition démocratique : Juan Iturralde et Juan Eduardo Zúñiga, témoins du conflit." Thesis, Dijon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015DIJOL022.
Full textNovels or short stories published in Spanish over the last twenty years have revealed a keen interest in what can be considered as a subgenre of the historical novel, the novel for the memory. This subgenre stages the recent History of Spain, particularly the Civil War. Its authors were born in the 50s or 60s, and have no direct memory of the events. It is usual to consider that Luna de lobos (1985) and Beatus Ille (1986) are the novels showing early signs of this phenomenon, which only became widespread ten years later and peaked at the turning point of the 21st century, in particular after the publication of Soldados de Salamina by Javier Cercas in 2001. Nevertheless, between the end of the Francoism in 1975 which led to the disappearance of censorship in 1977 and 1985, several fictional narrative texts relating the war and the Francoism were written and published. Días de llamas by Juan Iturralde was edited in 1979 and Juan Eduardo Zúñiga published Largo noviembre de Madrid in 1980. The study of these two books will question the often expressed idea that the literature from the first years of the Transition period did not favor the theme of war. It will also focus on the narrative strategies that these authors, who were direct witnesses of the events, chose in order to fictionalize this period from the History of Spain. Indeed, their literary approach to the facts was inevitably different from that taken by the writers who accepted being restricted by censorship and that taken by the following generations who only indirectly experienced the war. The particular treatment which Juan Iturralde and Juan Eduardo Zúñiga reserved to the referent, in particular the setting of an illusion of reality, denotes them both as dissidents compared to the narratives about the conflict published during the same period, and as heirs of the realistic tradition which they exploited and surpassed in order to relate a plausible but limited version of the events taking place from 1936 to 1939, due to their subjective perspective. In spite of the intrigues being anchored within a precise historical context, the reality is not necessarily self-evident in these narratives. In the extreme circumstances of war, the reality becomes a motive for questioning rather than an object of unequivocal and irrevocable knowledge. A single element is never questioned: the horror of the civil conflict whose fictionalization is fully able to translate the problematic dimension of reality. By the theme addressed by these books and the way they distanced themselves from the will of collective amnesia which has perniciously settled in Spain, they both have become “commemorative sites”, leaning toward the claim for the importance of the “duty of remembrance”, the rehabilitation of marginal memories which has been silenced too long, and the resilience of various traumas through fictionalizing psychic disorders caused by the horror of this conflict
Davila, Valdés Claudia. "Les réfugiés espagnols de la guerre civile en France et au Mexique : histoire comparée des politiques d'asile et des processus d'intégration (1939-1975)." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA070015.
Full textDreyfus-Armand, Geneviève. "L'émigration politique espagnole en France au travers de sa presse, 1939-1975." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994IEPP0015.
Full textThe exile of the republicans after the Spanish civil war plays a prominent part into the formation of the Spanish colony in France on the XXth century ; in order to study the political and cultural activities of these refugees, the emphasis has been carried on the analysis of the Spanish republican presse, published in France between 1939 and 1975. The main characteristics of the republican exile are pointed out and replaced into the large history of the migrations between Spain and France. The phases of this exile are studied, as well as the place of the Spanish refugees in the French society and in the French-Spanish relations. The forms of structuring are analysed and the community's elites identified. The political debates and strategies are studied along three significant epochs : 1938-1944, 1945-1955, 1955-1975. The cultural activities which cannot be dissociated from the political thought, are studied in their plurality, their forms of expression and their evolution then, the collective mentalities are outlined. An appendixes'volume presents the whole corpus (640 titles of periodicals), biographical notices and index
Arruga-Guilbert, Delphine. ""EL laberinto mágico" de Max Aub : de l'Histoire aux histoires." Tours, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOUR2034.
Full textWe first endeavor to establish a direct link between the life of the author and the development of "El laberinto mágico" through the set of themes of the Spanish civil war, disciplinary camps and exile. This correspondence considers the various modalities of important and multiple entanglements between the tormented reality of a historical period and the writer's fiction. We underline then, the various means Aub uses to make fiction and reality coexist within the realm of literature, through writing. This study consists in questioning the nature and the status of Aub's historical testimony. To conclude, we obseve that the general conformation of the masterpiece influences its significance and its range. To note the occurrences of this concept makes it possible to conclude on its extension to men, war, life, and the world. Analysis of the human, philosophical, and ethical concepts that Aub expresses through his narration and that the concept of the maze translates accurately
Dewaele, Hélène. "Les relations entre droites autoritaires françaises et espagnoles de 1931 à 1940." Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0109.
Full textLíster, Enrique. "L' exil communiste espagnol en France et en URSS (1939-1950) : contribution à l'histoire d'une émigration." Poitiers, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002POIT5023.
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