Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Guerre d'Irak (2003)'
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Jaffar, Mohammad. "La politique irakienne de la France, 1988-2003." Paris 8, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA083294.
Full textFrom 1988 to 2003, France’s policy in Iraq was part and parcel of its Arab policy, since Paris basically supported Iraq for economic reasons. This policy changed at the time of Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait. When diplomatic attempts for a settlement failed, France joined the coalition and launched an attack against Iraq to liberate Kuwait (1991). UN resolutions called upon Iraq to disarm and imposed sanctions on the country. But as a result of Iraqi lobbying, Paris resumed relations with Baghdad in 1992. France then became Iraq’s second biggest supplier in the Oil-for-Food programme. After 9/11, Washington regarded Baghdad as one of the bastions of terrorism. The UNSCOM inspectors were unable to complete their mission. The Americans and their allies decided to take military action in order to disarm Iraq. One of their main objectives, however, was to overthrow the government of Saddam Hussein. France disagreed and attempted to help the Iraqis avoid hostilities through political strategy. The USA nevertheless declared war and the Baghdad regime was toppled. With the fall of Saddam Hussein, Paris again changed its Iraq policy, by aligning itself with Washington and drawing closer to Baghdad. Iraq thus seems to remain an important ally for France
Al, Thonaiyan Abdullah. "Espaces de parole et stratégies d'individuation : repérage et analyse des mécanismes d'influences dans le traitement des évènements rapportés des journaux quotidiens français et saoudiens à propos de la guerre d'Irak." Rouen, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ROUEL022.
Full textThis work focus on the study of complex processes that allow establishing a mechanism to influence the treatment of the news media of some French and Saudi newspapers media event. The purpose of this work is to distinguish four strategies of news discourse in the press related to the kind of reported events and to identify certain aspects of variations in discourse according to the type required by the invention and the continuous calculation on the others. It also deals with the discourses that circumscribe an intentionality to produce effects in the reader, highlighting the kinds of effects they are likely to produce for influence. This work highlights the importance of communicative processes in the construction and presentation of events reported in organs socially and culturally different
Taillat, Stéphane. ""L'impuissance de la puissance ?" : l'action des militaires américains en Irak (2003-2008)." Phd thesis, Université Paul Valéry - Montpellier III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00834637.
Full textOuaidat, Jad. "Le journal télévisé : de l'acte d'informer à la production de la représentation de l'autre : le cas de la guerre en Irak 2003." Bordeaux 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR30025.
Full textIn this thesis, we study the media representation of the Iraqi society during the 2003 war on French television as well as its consequences on the representation of the arab-muslim culture. The main question we ask could be formulated as follows: How do the TV channels, notably TF1 and FR2, construct on TV the image of another culture in a war context? It showed that, in the media frame, the relations that Occident and Orient have still influence the media speech. The construction of the Iraqi reference universe is made by the means of a frozen treatment of the information ingrained in the stereotypes and the imaginary collectives. The analysis of the TV constructions of the event in this research reveals, for example, that the presence of the journalist in the place of the action is very valuable in spite of the transmitted information. Putting war on screen thus reaches the quest of a TV show. This thesis brings also a reflection on the Media event and its modalities of representation. Accordingly, the TV representation treats the Iraqi society in a symbolic frame. It is through symbols that the representation surpasses the momentary events. We saw that through the media representation of the event, the Iraqi society was the object of a transformation of a concrete space: the field where the event is taking place into an abstract and symbolic space. Thus, the crossing between the informative speech and the signs of the symbolic universe provoke the crisis of the representation of the other. We therefore see that during this period of armed conflict, the TV news tend to be more like a producer (or creator) of a social representation than a reporter of facts
Ziani, Abdulkrim. "La chaîne Al-Jazira et la guerre contre l'Irak : couverture médiatique et traitement de l'information." Grenoble 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE39050.
Full textThe Anglo-American war against Iraq was the first war ever to be broadcasted live. If is not an exaggeration to say that the viewers took part in this war, by following its events by the hour. Another specificity of this war was that it witnessed the multiplication of Media eager to cover the events. Study deals with the Qatari channel Al Jazeera as a new model of Arab Medias, through the study of the channel as a media organization, from its creation to its funding, to its editorial policy. We also study the constant confrontations of the channel with the authorities of most Arab countries and the numerous campaigns the United States have launched against it. While also taking a look at the international popularity the channel gained, we will try and answer different questions, among which : How did Al Jazeera cover the events of the war against Iraq? Which were the orientations of this coverage? Which models and styles of treatment did the reporters of Al Jazeera use for their coverage? Which information sources did the channel trust? What role did the new communication technologies play in the coverage of the war? The practice of the reporters during their coverage of the war events is also part of our study
Hatem, Majida. "La caricature et le message latent : étude en France et au Liban de caricatures relatives à la guerre d'Irak." Amiens, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AMIE0020.
Full textBenouticq, Abdelkrim. "La guerre en Irak à l'aune des intérêts énergétiques et diplomatiques des Etats-Unis." Lyon 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LYO33025.
Full textHaddad, Rayan. "Les processus d'insertion de conflits exogènes dans un espace public communautarisé : captations libanaises des crises du Kosovo, du 11 septembre, d'Afghanistan, et d'Irak." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007IEPP0044.
Full textThis research examines the adaptations of the Lebanese “post-anomic” public sphere to the world political context beyond the Westphalian coordinates. It highlights how the societal sphere of a Weak State deals with cases of “turbulence” emerging from the world scene. More specifically, it identifies the processes through which specific “exogenous” crises are incorporated into the “local” Lebanese debate. The intertwinement of the dynamics of “localization” and “globalization” is here clearly illustrated; but this does not preclude any attempt to assess (on a case by case basis) the relative and differing importance of these dynamics within the interaction. We have hence deemed useful to make a (loose) distinction between two concepts: Lebanese “sensitivity” (designating the “local” relation – not devoid of interest - to certain tumultuous international events) and Lebanese “vulnerability” (referring to the dangerous convulsions in Lebanon’s immediate environment). The former concept is predominantly (and processually) related to an efficient normative activism on the part of identity entrepreneurs in the “public sphere” (affected by a simultaneous crisis of state and civil society). The latter concept is foremost the consequence of the interplay of “geopolitical forces” that are not guided in their policy-making by considerations pertaining to fundamental human rights in the Middle East nor to the future of the region’s peoples. The two abovementioned concepts follow intertwined dynamics that we attempt to identify and explain through the analysis of the representations and the policies of various actors at the local and global levels
Bouzomita, Jaafar. "La couverture de la guerre en Irak (2003) dans les émissions d’information de la BBC." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REN20058.
Full textThis dissertation explores the BBC’s coverage of the 2003 Iraq War. It investigates the implications of the politico-military intervention in Iraq for the media system. In examining the sensitive relationship binding the media coverage of contemporary wars and public opinion, this thesis is based upon quantitative and qualitative analysis of BBC news bulletins as well as different documentaries. This investigation shows that, along with the rest of the British-American media, the BBC was susceptible to war propaganda and favoured the kind of communication specific to Public Relations. Its complicity with the British government shifted its role from a watchdog to a publicist and political agent. In fact, our study of the Iraq War coverage chronicles the transition of the BBC from an active, critical and communicative medium into a simply passive, partial and selective observer. Moreover, the news management and the cultural as well as political constraints helped to transform the coverage of this war which had to be “politically correct” from a British perspective. This helped reinforce what could be considered as a possible illustration of the BBC’s complicity and even its political allegiance. The Corporation, afaithful servant of “patriotic censorship” was involved, as a partner, in the construction of a sanitized military story and transformed its coverage of the war into voluntary propaganda. During the Iraq War, like the rest of the media, the BBC could not resist political pressure. The Coalition’s use of “infotainment” aimed to exploit the “reality of war” and highlight, in a well-defined context, the prestige of the Allies by presenting their victory as ineluctable and unquestioned, not only in order to meet the expectations of the public but also to enhance a patriotic narrative and eradicate all political and / or cultural disappointment. Finally, the BBC’s coverage of this conflict tended to minimize the impact of revelations in enemy media and offers a presentation of how to think about war
Benraad, Myriam. "L'Irak au miroir de l'occupation, récit d'une déchirure identitaire : un examen critique de l'expérience collective arabe sunnite (2003-2009)." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011IEPP0069.
Full textThis thesis constitutes a unique analysis of the sociopolitical and identity experience of Iraqi Sunni Arabs during the last period of foreign occupation (2003-2009). It more particularly raises the question of the construction of collective identities in times of conflict. Its central argument is that the occupation, entirely turned towards the institutionalization by the U. S. Administration of ethno-religious lines as the foundation of the new political order, resulted, as illustrated by the singular experience of Sunni Arabs, not in a “communalization” of identities itself - Iraqi Sunni Arabs also never formed a “community” before 2003 - but in a torn identity characterized by the articulation, if not the confrontation, of plural repertoires. Of these repertoires has emerged a fundamental opposition between a “nationalist” projection – turned toward Iraqi unity within its present borders – and, symmetrically, a more distinctly “communal” inclination, when not separatist
Hoop, Scheffer Alexandra de. "La pratique américaine du "regime change" en Irak : une analyse critique de l'intervention militaire comme vecteur de socialisation politique." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011IEPP0065.
Full textThe aim of our research is to analyse the US strategy of political socialization in Iraq, in both its historical and contemporary contexts (post-cold war and post-September 11) and as the guiding principle of US foreign policy towards states considered deviant. The concept of "socialization" applied to international relations, is discussed and analysed. By intervening in Iraq to change its political regime, the US and its allies have propelled the political transition as the main driver of the post-regime change phase. The political transition guides and shapes every aspect of the post-intervention period. The US action automatically becomes a process of assistance and attempts to shape the political process. A significant part of our work deals with the modalities and the consequences of the US interference in the Iraqi political transition process, especially in inducing strategies of autonomization and mutual dependency. We analyse the interaction between the Iraqi political transition and the US agenda of reformes. A pacific transition is key to establishing a political arrangement between different players, in order to avoid exclusion, which in turn, nurtures violence. However, the external pressure to hasten the process of "reconciliation", the support to local actors in order to preserve fragile and short term security gains, the scope of the reforms engaged, the political compromises that dominate the reconstruction process, are sources of pressure among society and nex elites, which pursue their personal interests over the common interest. Instead of uniting, change is a factor of split. The balance of power is the engine of change
Parlar, Dal Emel. "Les relations turco-américaines de l'entrée de la Turquie dans l'OTAN jusqu'à la crise Irakienne de 2003." Thesis, Paris 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA030046.
Full textTurkey’s entry to NATO in 1952 influenced the Turkish-American relations in a way more important than any other event. During the period between 1950 and 1960 considered as “honeymoon period” in the history of the Turkish-American relations of the last fifty years, Turkey became a key actor of NATO’s defense strategies and thus of the United States. In 1960’s, two countries crossed a turbulent era marked by two crises. The withdrawal of the Jupiter missiles in 1963 from Turkish ground without preliminary consultation of the government was revolving important in the history of the Turkish-American relations. The second crisis in the relations between Ankara and Washington burst during the first intercommunity confrontations in Cyprus, with the famous letter of Johnson of June 1964. In 1973, Washington protested vigorously against authorization, granted by the Ankara Government, to cultivate the poppy for medical purposes. The Cypriot crisis of 1974 had a nature different from that of the preceding crises because its impact on the relations between the two countries was also deeper. During the eighties Ankara appeared in the eyes of the Americans as a partner who always sought a balance in his relationships to the latter. During following decade which testified to the disintegration of the Soviet Union and thus of the end of the Cold war Turkish-American relations entered a major transition from an established close strategic co-operation long life during the time of the Cold war to a new type of relation based on the big role of Turkey in the regional affairs. With the difference of the Cypriot crisis of 1974 that we also regard as a great rupture, the crisis of the war of Iraq of 2003 left the most outstanding traces on the bilateral relations and because of the very significant frictions between the high ranking soldiers of the two countries a mistrust settled quickly in the military relations between the two countries
Al, Jendi Nada. "Traumatisme psychique et symbolisation : cas des victimes de guerre en Irak." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20060/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with subjects who have been through a war traumatism. These subjects have lived, witnessed or have been confronted with one or numerous events where close or far relatives died or were threatened to be killed. Moreover, the specificity of the traumatic shock they have been the victims of lies in the fact it keeps surfacing up repeatedly through forced memories or nightmares.Our research focuses on the question of the psychic elaboration of the traumatic event, the way it becomes a thought, and on the meaning one gives to it. This work of elaboration is realized thanks to internal and external resources.We consider from the outset that overcoming one’s trauma should not be interpreted as a resistance to it but as the capacity to represent the experience that has been undergone. Our study is based on a population of Iraqi women who fled the Iraqi-American war and the civil war. It is a population of refugees who sought asylum in Syria
Coujard, Virgile. "La politique étrangère de la France dans les crises internationales, du Golfe à l’Irak : Jeu gouvernemental, jeu diplomatique, système international." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010268.
Full textAnalyzing the differing French policy during the Gulf and Iraq wars - military participation to the former, diplomatic opposition to the latter, requires a multi-level approach to foreign policy. Graham Allison's governmental game paradigm shows that foreign policy is the resultant of bargainings among central players. It is also capable of revealing the ways in which domestic and bureaucratic polities interfere in the decision-making process. The diplomatic game approach put forward in this work focuses on the interstate interactions. It underlines how much foreign policy stakes and goals are defined and constructed in the process of diplomatic negociation, influenced by other diplomacies' stances. Waltzian structural theory concentrates on the systemic determinants of foreign policy. A State's position within the system, and the structure of the system - its current state as well as its trend - strongly determine and shape foreign policy. Connecting and articulating structure of the system, international order, decision-makers' perceptions and States' behavior appears to be a fruitful way to understand the mechanisms through which structural constraints and incentives act and impact on foreign policy. Afterall, this research attempts to combine infra-state, inter-state and systemic levels of analysis in a novel way, in order to explain the complexity of foreign policy in international cri sis
Ketari, Leïla. "Le fondement du recours à la force à la lumière des conflits impliquant l'Irak en 1991 et 2003 : entre autorisation et légitime défense." Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA111024.
Full textThe recent conflicts that involved Iraq in 1990 and 2003 are both conflicts fought primarily by the United States of America against Iraq. If the first is based, despite theright of collective self-defense, on an authorization of the Security Council, in accordancewith an evolutionary interpretation of the Charter, the second is based on a liberal interpretation of the Charter: the implied authorization and preventive and anticipatory self defense to eradicate a threat This research attempts to analyze the arguments put forward bythoroughly vetting the United States of America’s rationale based on its national securitystrategy to act in the international order. Beyond exploring the relationship of the 2003conflict to the new theories which attempt to extend the authorization and self-defense and therehabilitation of old concepts of "just war" or "auto-protection" in force in the NineteenthCentury, the impact of these new theories on the principle of the prohibition of the use offorce was also analyzed. These same theories are neither accepted as lege lata nor acceptableas lege ferenda. Accordingly, the principle of the prohibition of the use of force has in no waybeen breached. Instead of accepting these theories, a way to deal with threats should besought through the strengthening of the role of the UN (both its political and judiciaryorgans)
Al-Ogaidi, Firas. "Les effets du trouble du stress post-traumatique de la guerre chez les civils irakiens." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0020/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with post-traumatic stress following the war situation in Iraq. The studies carried out in the framework of this research work cover a large sample of civilians. The first objective was methodological: since the work carried out would allow the adaptation of clini-cal assessment tools to the Iraqi population and the assessment of their usefulness to the dif-ferent groups examined. The second objective was theoretical. The data collected would allow us to study very closely the modes of expressions of post-traumatic stress in our sample of civilians and the links it may have with other psychological variables such as emotional regu-lation, dissociation and social support
Kahhal, Lama. "La constitution de l'événement médiatique dans la presse en ligne américaine, irakienne et saoudienne - L'événement du retrait des troupes américaines d'Irak (2010-2011)." Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030074.
Full textThis research studies the formation of the media event particularly in the electronic press, as a support that allows the interaction between journalists, politicians and readers. On one hand, we deal with the configuration of the story of the event in the electronic newspaper, by analyzing how journalists treated and narrated this event. On the other hand, we study how journalists and readers meet through the support of the electronic press which allows them to comment, discuss and delve into debates related to the emerging events. Herein, we study how the American, Iraqi and Saudi electronic press, represented in our corpus by the Los Angeles Times, the Washington Post, Almada, and Alhayat, configured the event of the American withdrawal from Iraq between 2010 and 2011. In addition, we study how the comments of the readers on these electronic newspapers have contributed to the modification or the reconfiguration of the stories told by journalists. The objective of this project is to analyze how media events are organized and formed in the electronic press, and to show how the public can also participate in shaping the media stories through the space designated for readers' comments in electronic newspapers
Dib, Pascale El. "La politique étrangère des États-Unis vis-à-vis de l’Irak (1989-2005)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Montpellier 3, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023MON30048.
Full textAmerican foreign policy towards Iraq from 1990 to 2003 has been developed subsequently to the fall of the Soviet bloc and the change of world governance system in 1990.This policy towards Iraq from 1990 to 2003 was different than that practiced during the Cold War, even though it continued to oscillate between unilateralism and multilateralism, prioritizing American interests. This change then necessitated a review of the US-Iraqi relations, especially after the conflict between Iran and Iraq and considering the Iraqi regional ambitions. But the new US approach towards Iraq was implemented only after the invasion of Kuwait, via the UN sanctions and the ‘Desert Storm’ operation. Motivated by the unconditional requirement for Iraqi withdrawal from Kuwait, it also had an undeclared objective which aimed to weaken Saddam Hussein. The same policy continued with President Clinton, through the double containment applied to both Iraq and Iran. However, this policy does not take long to change to the objective of overthrowing the Baath regime which appeared in American officials but without being applied. In 1998, the Iraq Liberation Act adopted this change. Encouraged by the neoconservatives, this change was motivated by the attacks of September 11, 2001, which lead to a new American foreign policy without mercy to fight against terrorism. This policy ended up bringing about the overthrow in 2003 of the political regime of Saddam Hussein in Iraq. After this period, the relations between both countries move to a new step. In addition, the Middle East and Iraq in particular knew a rise in political and radical Islam and Iranian influence as well. Twenty years later, these events and the American foreign policy carried out in Iraq from 1990 to 2003 still have serious consequences on Iraq and on the whole Middle East Region as well
Shavit, Avner. "Occupy Hollywood : la nouvelle subversivité du Cinéma américain." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA042/document.
Full textThis thesis examines American films which were made in response to US military involvement in the Middle East, since the beginning of the 2000s. It will seek to prove that these films are different than those made in the United States in response to previous conflicts. The historical study of American war cinema shows that it has undergone a process of evolution - from a cinema which views American wars as those of necessity, to a cinema which views American wars as wars of choice. Lately, it has gone even further than that – birthing films which present American wars as events caused by the American society, in order to fulfill the needs of the people who head it - fighting-addicted American men. This process can be said to have expanded the subjects dealt with by the American war cinema.Thus, the cinema about the Iraq War is much more poignant than representations of past wars, in its messages about the connection between American society and its militarism. It manages to surpass all previous war cinema, which in itself had been the most critical towards American army and society
Lagrange, Delphine. "La France face aux Etats-Unis pendant la crise irakienne : "ressources démocratiques" d'une puissance moyenne dans sa contestation de l'hégémon." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012IEPP0010.
Full textUsing the Iraq crisis as a case study, this thesis shows to what extent a middle power such as France is able to be autonomous from the hegemon in the post-bipolar world. According to us, the latter, marked by the enduring relevance of the “pole” concept in perceptions of state as well as non-state actors, can be qualified as “antipolar”. We consider that the United States have become rather the centre of contestations than a worldwide acknowledged leader. In the Iraq affair, as French decision-makers lack the means to prevent the US project, and are marked by the “hyperpower referential” (defined by us as a perception of the hegemon’s unsurpassable domination), they initially choose cooperation, or “loyalty”. Afterwards, as they are in presence of a mobilised global public opinion, they decide to rely on it as well as on multilateralism in a “voice” strategy which appears to be imperative to them. In doing so, they mobilise what we call either “global” (opinion) or “international” (United Nations) “democratic resources”. Despite some very limited costs and non-fungible but still observable benefits, French decision-makers decide very soon after the breaking of the war to go back to loyalty toward Washington, contestation remaining an exception
Bricet, des Vallons Georges-Henri. "L’entreprise de guerre au XXIe siècle : Les sociétés militaires privées dans la politique étrangère et la stratégie militaire des Etats-Unis." Thesis, Paris 5, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA05D001.
Full textIraq and Afghanistan Wars have seen a massive return of mercenary companies of a new genre. The Westernmercenaries have transformed in less than twenty years from craft structures, linked to the post-colonial politics ofgreat powers, to a professional and industrial stage that tends to a growing transnationalization of their activities.From the blunders of the famous Blackwater to the involvement of CACI’s employees in the torture scandal inAbu Ghraib prison, through the activities of the sprawling Aegis, private military companies, everywhere on thebattlefield, have marked and labeled the story of these major wars of the early twenty-first Century. Crucial fact:this is the first time in the history of U.S. military operations that we are witnessing a shift in the demographics offorces in favor of the private sector. Product of the permanent war economy and overseas branches of themilitary-industrial complex, these companies represent an unprecedented change in expression of U.S. militarypower. This mercenarization of the American way of war is now a structural trend of the foreign policy of theEmpire and could eventually revolutionize the face of the war. This thesis traces the history of these privatearmies, described the political conditions that led to the birth of this new market of war, and analyzes the scope ofthis sociopolitical phenomenon of globalization of private violence. This return of mercenaries on a large scale inthe foreign policy of the United States not only help to form a decisive hypothesis on the decline of Americanmilitary power but also on the socio-historical changes of the identity of the State monopoly of violence
Dybman, Jennifer. "L'influence dans la doctrine militaire britannique : émergence et institutionnalisation d'un concept (2009-2015)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA135.
Full textTo face up to the new strategic, operational and media environments that emerged after the end of the Cold War, and above all to take into account the lessons of their involvement in Iraq and Afghanistan, the British military have turned “influence” into the major concept of their operations. Thus, in 2009, they published three doctrines (stabilisation, counterinsurgency and campaign execution) which establish “influence” as the guiding principle of any military operation, or even as its objective. Through the use of the theory of organisational change, this thesis traces the reasons (whether they are political or stem from the attitudes of public opinion or from the military themselves) that explain why the military had to change. Through the changes introduced in doctrine and then in the formation and training of the military and in the strengthening and even the creation of specialised units, itshows the institutionalisation of the transformation initiated in 2009. Eventually, it focuses on the challenges the British military must still take up so as to make this new approach to operations concrete
Hasan, Harith. "La métaphore dans les articles consacrés aux deux conflits entre les Etats-Unis et l'Irak dans la presse hebdomadaire française : une étude stylistique et comparative." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040150.
Full textThis doctoral research aims to present a profound image of metaphor in political discourse and to indicate the general characteristics of metaphor in this type of discourse. For this purpose, we have chosen to examine articles extracted from French weeklies devoted to the two conflicts between the United States and Iraq. This research describes the types and forms of the metaphor used and analyzes their functions in terms of valorization or devaluation of the political opponent. In addition, we will attempt to answer questions such as: To what extent has the metaphor been translated without being disfigured? Although the overall framework of our analysis has an essentially cognitivist orientation, we have also taken account of the more recent developments of this theory which analyze the metaphor not only in its cognitive dimensions but also in its socio-cultural dimensions. According to these approaches, the metaphor reflects the interests, origins and characteristics of its users and often constitutes an instrument of persuasion and maintenance of power and social relations. These ideas in fact go back to the representatives of the critical analysis of discourse, according to which language reflects and influences social reality
Benmakhlouf, Julie. "La relation franco-américaine à l’épreuve de la question irakienne : la contestation d’un modèle occidental alternatif." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lille 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL20018.
Full textThe disagreement between France and the US over the Iraqi issue led to a serious diplomatic crisis between the two countries, considered by many analysts as the most serious one in the history of bilateral relations. The Iraqi case crystallized the diplomatic positions of both allies and revealed two different reads of this major international issue. For France, this case was the opportunity to defend its principles, to get itself heard by the rest of the world and to share its vision of a multipolar world, where disputes would be peacefully settled through international organizations. For the US, that issue fell under a matter of national security, in a country deeply traumatized by ‘9/11’. The split between the two countries resulted from historical structural causes: (i) the competition between two political and diplomatic models that present themselves as universal, and (ii) the imbalance between France’s declining power aspiring to preserve its spheres of influence over the world and America’s ascending power that has become, since the end of the Cold War, the only superpower. The bilateral confrontation of 2003 revealed the distinctive patterns of both French and American foreign policies and exposed their different views and models of the new world order, as well as their ambitions on the international scene
Raouf, Bakhtiar. "La représentation des Kurdes à la télévision française. Analyses sémio-discursives des émissions et journaux télévisés. 1960-2017." Thesis, Paris 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA030056.
Full textThe representation of the Kurds on French television was built in time. Its construction is conditioned by a double evolution, social and political of the Kurds, but also of France. Understanding the mechanism of this construction and its evolution is the subject of this study which analyzes images broadcast over a long period. Our study thus takes into account the genesis of this representation in 1960 and up to its media heyday symbolized by its resistance to the Islamic State from 2014. It is through an analysis of news reports and television news in a semio perspective. -discursive that we question the content and the enunciative range of the media, but also political discourse of France, on the Kurds. How the rebels of the sixties became resistant, interlocutors and friends of France? The overall understanding of the televisual discourse can not be grasped without also taking into account the unspoken and implicit part of informations ; and who can explain the enunciative attitude of the media authorities with regard to the Kurds!
Benmakhlouf, Julie. "La relation franco-américaine autour de la question irakienne : la contestation d'un mode occidental alternatif." Thesis, Lille 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL20018/document.
Full textThe disagreement between France and the US over the Iraqi issue led to a serious diplomatic crisis between the two countries, considered by many analysts as the most serious one in the history of bilateral relations. The Iraqi case crystallized the diplomatic positions of both allies and revealed two different reads of this major international issue. For France, this case was the opportunity to defend its principles, to get itself heard by the rest of the world and to share its vision of a multipolar world, where disputes would be peacefully settled through international organizations. For the US, that issue fell under a matter of national security, in a country deeply traumatized by ‘9/11’. The split between thetwo countries resulted from historical structural causes : (i) the competition between two political and diplomatic models that present themselves as universal, and (ii) the imbalance between France’s declining power aspiring to preserve its spheres of influence over the world and America’s ascending power that has become, since the end of the Cold War, the only superpower. The bilateral confrontation of 2003 revealed the distinctive patterns of both French and American foreign policies and exposed their different views and models of the new world order, as well as their ambitions on the international scene
Massie, Justin. "La culture stratégique canadienne post-guerre froide." Mémoire, 2006. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/2995/1/M9423.pdf.
Full textBizimana, Aimé-Jules. "Au coeur du dispositif embedding : la surveillance des journalistes intégrés lors de la guerre en Irak." Thèse, 2010. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3654/1/D1970.pdf.
Full textMessier, Louis. "Comment les armées innovent en temps de guerre : les États-Unis en Irak, 2003-2007." Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/8330.
Full textThis master is about wartime military innovation and more precisely about the transition of the US armed forces from conventional warfare to counterinsurgency during the Iraq war. This case of military innovation is interesting because it marks a radical change in the practices of the US Army and the US Marine Corps all the more so as they both have been frequently trying to avoid counterinsurgency missions in their history. This research will try to explain how the US armed forces have innovated in the Iraq war. We consider that the transition from conventional warfare to counterinsurgency is the result of a process of innovation produced simultaneously at the bottom and at the top of the US military. First of all, from the bottom-up, we think that units from the Army and the marines have developped new counterinsurgency capacities following an exploration process of new tactics and techniques on the battlefield. Then, from the top-down, we believe that counterinsurgency is the consequence of a strategic change in the operations of the Army and the marines. This research will be divided in four chapters. The first chapter is devoted to the military innovation models. The second chapter will present a brief narrative of the Iraq war from 2003 to 2007. Chapters 3 and 4 will offer an analysis of the counterinsurgency innovation process respectively from the bottom-up and the top-down.
Arel, Sébastien. "Distance idéologique et refroidissement des relations syriano-américaines entre 2001 et 2005." Mémoire, 2010. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3333/1/M11496.pdf.
Full textBergeron, Francis. "La censure cinématographique aux États-Unis : un système de répression ou pouvoir de normalisation? : le cas de la guerre au terrorisme et de la guerre en Irak : Hollywood et le cinéma américain des années Bush." Mémoire, 2011. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3835/1/M11947.pdf.
Full textChâteauvert-Gagnon, Béatrice. "Masculinités, féminités et histoires de guerre : genre, "races" et guerre en Irak dans le cinéma américain." Mémoire, 2013. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/5834/1/M13005.pdf.
Full textMunger, Sylvain. "De l'inadaptation à la réadaptation à l'ère des conflits polycentriques : le corps des fusiliers marins en Irak (2003-2008)." Mémoire, 2010. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/2674/1/M11276.pdf.
Full textHille, Jennifer. "La PESD à l'épreuve pendant la crise irakienne 2002/2003 : étude des politiques étrangères françaises et britanniques." Mémoire, 2008. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/2190/1/M10508.pdf.
Full textLocas, Marie-Chantal. "Comment expliquer l'échec américain en Irak : l'influence des analogies historiques sur le processus décisionnel de l'administration Bush." Mémoire, 2008. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/1761/1/M10559.pdf.
Full textGaye, N'Déye Fatou. "L'impact de l'invasion de l'Irak sur la performance financière des multinationales américaines en France, en Allemagne, en Grande-Bretagne et en Australie." Mémoire, 2006. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/2728/1/M9386.pdf.
Full textBéliveau-Beaulac, Victor Amadeus. "L'homme derrière la décision : les motifs psychologiques de Georges W. Bush et sa décision d'intervenir en Irak." Mémoire, 2011. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4172/1/M12196.pdf.
Full textBen, Flah Anis. "Essai de synthèse des nouveaux modes de légitimation du recours à la force et de leurs relations avec le cadre juridique de la Charte des Nations Unies." Mémoire, 2008. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/1078/1/M10488.pdf.
Full textCrevier, Bélanger Jules. "L'unilatéralisme américain et l'avenir de la communauté transatlantique." Mémoire, 2008. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/1310/1/M10383.pdf.
Full textGladu, Christine-Marie. "Concept de non-violence chez le théologien processuel David Ray Griffin entre la guerre du Vietnam et celle d'Iraq (1968-2008)." Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/11914.
Full textNon-violence primarily refers to an ideology and practices which reject any form of violence altogether in our everyday lives. It has become also, however, a tool used by pressure groups or individuals to obtain whatever they wish, as long as no violence is used. Therefore, there is no concern for the common good. Non-violence is merely a means to an end. This research is written in the perspective of non-violence serving the common good and features major history events and protagonists who have used non-violence in order to free a group of people from a form of oppression which undermined their dignity. It refers more specifically to authors who have influenced David Ray Griffin throughout his own teaching and research career on a 40-year span. It stretches from the Vietnam war to the Iraq War. Dates range from 1968 to 2008. A first step was to establish what exactly non-violence is and what are its most recent interpretations so that influences on David Ray Griffin’s life and work could be pinpointed. Secondly, national and international U.S-lead events are examined in retrospect, in order to set the context in which Griffin’s evolution has progressed and how his thinking and discourse have shown through those historical, sociological and academic influences, all along his carreer. A special focus is directed towards the United States’ foreign policy as well as economic and military implications leading to Griffin’s opinion that the US are engaged in an anti-theological journey. His response is that a global, more balanced paradigmatic change is urgently needed, in which planetary resources are spent and shared with justice for all. Hence, an international court of justice and a global religion are put forward, according to a whiteheadian-hartshornian process theology perspective. David Griffin demonstrates how this has become urgent and a methodology and pedagogy are thereby stated, inferred from his 40-year experience. Based on a tradition of genuine non-violent authors, David Ray Griffin’s life features the characteristics of a peace maker whose ideals jut out over the limits of nationalism, towards a global salvation perspective triggered by the September11th, 2001 World Trade Centre attacks. Griffin not only believes that the United States have undertaken an imperialistic, demonic predation approach towards the world, but that they must, at once, stop this course, reverse it, and lead the healing process of the planet’s ecosystems, economies and nations. As he is joined by other authors who share the same view in a process theology standpoint, Griffin travels along the road of pedagogy in order to convince as much people as possible, that now is the time to act upon our destinies. A standardized reading chart is then created and used to analyze Griffin’s texts, hence giving way to a structure of his basic ideas. Finally, the process of integrating non- violence values is modelized, so that the same process can be applied to other subjects of research.