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1

Faingnaert, Victor, and Maggy Hary. "Masculinités en guerre : Downton Abbey et Peaky Blinders, deux visions des lendemains de la Grande Guerre." Le Temps des médias 37, no. 2 (December 2, 2021): 90–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/tdm.037.0090.

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2

André, Mathias. "Dans l’ombre de Charles de Gaulle : pionniers des chars et autres « prêcheurs » militaires français oubliés de l’arme blindée dans l’entre-deux-guerres." Stratégique N° 109, no. 2 (2015): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/strat.109.0211.

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3

Ramírez Patiño, Marisol. "EL VALOR DE LA GUERRA Y LA PAZ EN EL PENSAMIENTO FENOMENOLÓGICO DE MAX SCHELER." Investigaciones Fenomenológicas, no. 14 (February 3, 2021): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/rif.14.2017.29641.

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El problema de la paz ha interesado y preocupado a la conciencia universal prácticamente desde sus inicios. No obstante, la historia que nos es conocida se caracteriza por una larga sucesión de conflictos armados que no han traído ni siquiera los atisbos indubitables de su consecución. Así, entre el ecuménico anhelo de la paz y la adversa realidad, preguntamos: ¿es la idea de la paz humanamente posible? Este ensayo aporta una respuesta a esta interrogante desde las reflexiones de Max Scheler (1874-1928). Los dos escritos que muestran con más detalle su postura ante esta problemática, Der Genius des Krieges und der Deustche Krieg (1915) y Die Idee des ewigen Friedens und der Pazifismus (1927), respectivamente, ofrecen elementos que podrían concretar la experiencia actual de la guerra, así como la posibilidad de un rotundo estado de paz en el mundo.The problem of peace has interested and concerned to the universal consciousness since its beginnings. However the known history is characterized by a large succession of armed conflicts that hasn’t even brought blinks of its uncontested triumph. Thus, between the ecumenical craving for peace and the opposite reality, we ask: Is it the idea of peace humanly possible? This essay tries to give an answer on this questions from the reflections of Max Scheler (1974-1928). Both writings that show with more detail his position to this problem, Der Genius des Krieges und der Deustche Krieg (1915) y Die Idee des ewigen Friedens und der Pazifismus (1927) respectively, they both offer elements that could grasp the actual experience of war, as well as the possibility of an absolute state of peace in the world.
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Tomashevsky, I. O., G. A. Gerasimov, A. M. Artemova, D. I. Tomashevsky, V. G. Gerasimov, and G. Benker. "Evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment with thyroxine and iodotyrox drugs in patients with diffuse non-toxic goiter in Moscow." Problems of Endocrinology 46, no. 3 (June 15, 2000): 17–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/probl11848.

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The efficiency of therapy with a combined thyroxin-iodine drug and monotherapy with thyroxin was compared in patients with diffuse nontoxic goiter (DNG), and the effect of iodine intake was evaluated. The study was carried out in an outpatient setting by the double blind method in 46 women aged 18-50 years with DNG: 22 were treated by the combined drug (TI) containing 100 pg L-thyroxin and 100 pg potassium iodide per tablet (lodthyrox, Merck KGaA) and 24 were treated by thyroxin (T) in a dose of 100 pg (Euthyrox, Merck KGaA). The treatment was administeredfor 1 year. A year after this treatment, 15 women were treated with iodinated oil (IO) (lipidol capsules, Guerbet) containing 380 mg iodine. Thyroid volume, concentrations of intrathyroid stable iodine (ISI), pituitary thyrotropic hormone, free triiodothyronin and thyroxin, and antibodies to thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase in the blood were evaluated in all women before and during treatment. Therapy with T and TI equally decreased the size of the thyroid in DNG. ISI concentration decreased during TI treatment less than during monotherapy. Thyroid volume increased to the pre-treatment size 12 months after therapy with T or TI was discontinued, while ISI concentration remained lowered. Administration of IO led to a decrease in the thyroid size, less pronounced than during T or TI treatment, and to an increase in ISI concentration.
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Sherif, Hanan, Amal Al-Obaidly, Issam Albosom, and Ahmed-Emad Mahfouz. "Time-resolved gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging of the breast: Impact on accuracy of diagnosis of breast carcinoma." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 26_suppl (September 10, 2013): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.26_suppl.33.

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33 Background: The purpose of the study is to differentiate benign and malignant breast lesions based on very early enhancement of the lesion on time-resolved gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging. Methods: 100 women with breast lesions were examined at 1.5 T (Siemens, Erlangen, Germany), by fast T1-weighted GRE images every 5 s for 1 min after injection of Gd-DOTA (Dotarem, Guerbet, France), followed by 5 spacially-resolved MR image series every 30 s. Images were subtracted; maximum-intensity-projection images were obtained; and images were randomized and reviewed by two blinded readers, who reviewed only the spacially-resolved MR images and gave BIRADS diagnosis. After one month, they evaluated only the time-resolved MR images and noted the time of first appearance of enhancement. Results: The patients had 249 enhancing lesions: 66 malignant on histopathology and 183 benign on basis of histopathology or 1-year imaging follow-up. On time-resolved MR imaging, 15 lesions enhanced at 0-5 s (all malignant), 23 at 5-10 s (21 malignant, 2 benign), 34 at 10-15 s (28 malignant, 6 benign), and 117 at 15-20 s (2 malignant, 115 benign). All malignant lesions enhanced before 20 s. Taking 15s as the cut-off point, early enhancement had sensitivity of 96.9%, specificity of 95.6%, positive predictive value of 88.8%, negative predictive value of 98.8%, and accuracy of 95.9% for diagnosis of carcinoma. Enhancement before 15 s corrected BIRADS diagnosis of the spacially-resolved MR imaging in 14 lesions (5.6%). Conclusions: Lesion enhancement in the first 15s on time-resolved MR imaging is a useful sign for the diagnosis of breast carcinoma.
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6

Hussein, Thakaa Muttib. "Dimension feminine in The Respectful Prostitute’s Jean- Paul Sartre and The Blind Prostitute’s Badr Shaker al-Sayyabe La dimension féminine dans La P….respectueuse de Jean-Paul Sartre et La Prostituée Aveugle de Badr Shaker al-Sayyabe." Journal of the College of languages, no. 45 (January 2, 2022): 121–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.36586/jcl.2.2022.0.45.0121.

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Jean-Paul Sartre and Badr Shakir al-Sayyabe are among the most prominent writers that critiqued the destructive role of capitalism and the patriarchal power system in the period of the Post-World War II crisis. Divided into three chapters, the present study examines two of the most eminent literary works in the history of the Western and Eastern societies in the fifties of the last decade: Jean Paul Sartre’s play : The Respectful Prostitute and Badr Shaker al-Sayyabe’s poem: The Blind Prostitute. Chapter one discusses the position of the prostitute in a patriarchal societies. Chapter two linguistically analyzes the prostitute’s behavior with men and evaluates the nature of a relationship when based on profit and loss. Such a relationship exposes the male dominance system on this social level through stigmatizing, marginalizing and depriving of her family establishing rights. Chapter Three sheds light on the prostitute’s ego and the other. In the two works, the society double standard is presented in dealing with status of a woman, rather than a man, as a prostitute, something that leads to uncover the individuality of such a character. Thus, and in addition to justly picturing prostitution as a human setback in all the western and Eastern societies, Sartre and al – Sayyab succeed in visualizing humanity decay within the perspective of the preceding decades. Résumé Jean-Paul Sartre et Badr Shakir al-Sayyabe font partie des écrivains qui ont contribué à travers leurs œuvres à critiquer le système capitaliste et la société masculine dans la période de l'après-guerre. En lisant les deux ouvrages, nous avons choisi comme sujet commun de cette étude d'analyser le statut de prostituée dans les sociétés orientale et occidentale au cours des années 1950 du siècle dernier. L'étude est divisée en trois chapitres : Le premier chapitre est basé sur la présentation du statut de la prostituée dans les communautés masculines des deux auteurs. Le deuxième chapitre analyse linguistiquement le comportement de la prostituée envers les hommes et la nature de la relation basée sur le principe du profit ou de la perte. Cette relation met d'abord en évidence la domination du système masculin sur cette partie social, le problème de la stigmatisation sociale, de la marginalisation et de la privation de son droit d'avoir et de fonder une famille. Le troisième chapitre traite la position de la prostituée entre le moi et l'autre. Dans les deux œuvres, le point de vue de la société semble être un double standard dans la condamnation de la femme comme prostituée plutôt que comme homme. Ce mécanisme nous amène à retrouver l'identité de la prostituée. Nous arrivons à conclure que le succès de Sartre et d'al-Sayyabe en présentant cette profession comme un échec humain pour les sociétés orientales et occidentales et la décadence de l'homme ou de la femme et en les dépeignant avec une perspective qui correspond aux crises du siècle dernier.
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7

Xavier, Vinicius Dos Santos. "Um ponto cego na teoria do jovem Habermas: A problemática relação entre Esfera Pública e Emancipação/A blind spot in the theory of young Habermas: the problematic relation between public sphere and emancipation." Pensando - Revista de Filosofia 6, no. 12 (July 24, 2015): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.26694/pensando.v6i12.3478.

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O objetivo deste artigo é apontar alguns problemas na relação entre esfera pública e emancipação na teoria do jovem Habermas. Para tanto, o recurso a dois textos habermasianos da década de 1960 é imprescindível: Mudança estrutural da esfera pública e Trabalho e Interação. No primeiro, Habermas fundamenta sua teoria pela perspectiva de uma esfera pública normativa, possibilitada pela configuração do período pós-guerra; no seguinte, além de utilizar outra categoria esfera pública, diferente daquela normativa, sua intenção é demonstrar como os indivíduos se formam no âmbito privado de suas existências. Todavia, em ambos os textos há uma linearidade acerca da fundamentação teórica: o trabalho e a interação simbólica são separados no que tange aos desenvolvimentos da humanidade. A emancipação estaria a cargo da interação, enquanto o trabalho somente proviria a subsistência genérica. Isto é decorrente de uma reformulação problemática na teoria marxiana no que tange ao trabalho social e à perspectiva da totalidade. É nesse imbróglio que este artigo se situa: verificar até que ponto o que Habermas compreende por trabalho poderia desbancar, de fato, a teoria de Marx; e, por outro lado, demonstrar que a crítica dialética marxiana acerca do trabalho social, caso levada em consideração por Habermas, faria a teoria deste perder a lógica de seus fundamentos, deslocando sua ideia de emancipação para uma aceitação da realidade efetiva vigente.Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to point out some problems in the relation between public sphere and emancipation on the young Habermas’s theory. Therefore, it is going to be essential to rely on two habermasians works of the 1960s: The structural transformation of the public sphere and Work and Interaction. On the first one, the book The structural transformation of the public sphere, which was first published in 1962, Habermas founds his theory by the prospect of a normative public sphere, made possible by the configuration of the post-war period; whereas on the essay Work and Interaction, from 1967, besides using another public sphere category, different from that normative, his intention is to demonstrate how individuals are formed in the private sphere of their existence. However, both in the book from 1962 and in the text from 1967, there is linearity on the theoretical foundation: concerning humanity development, work and symbolic interaction are separated. Emancipation would be in charge of interaction, while work would simply provide for the generic livelihood. This is due to a problematic reformulation of marxian theory regarding social labor and the totality perspective. It is in this imbroglio that stands the point of this paper: to verify to what extent Habermas’s understanding of work could, in fact, debunk Marx's theory; and on the other hand, to show that the marxian dialectical critique about social labor, when taken into account by Habermas, loses the logic of its foundations, shifting his idea of emancipation to an acceptance of the present actual reality. Keywords: Habermas; Public Sphere; Private Sphere; Emancipation; Marx.
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8

Giagounidis, Aristoteles, Ghulam J. Mufti, Moshe Mittelman, Guillermo Sanz, Uwe Platzbecker, Petra Muus, Dominik Selleslag, et al. "Outcomes In RBC Transfusion-Dependent Patients (Pts) With Low-/Intermediate (Int)-1-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) With Isolated Deletion 5q Treated With Lenalidomide (LEN): A Subset Analysis From The MDS-004 Study." Blood 122, no. 21 (November 15, 2013): 2753. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v122.21.2753.2753.

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Abstract Introduction In MDS-004, a phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter study, the efficacy and safety of LEN was evaluated in RBC transfusion-dependent pts with IPSS-defined Low-/Int-1-risk MDS and del(5q), with or without additional cytogenetic abnormalities (Fenaux P, et al. Blood. 2011;118:3765-76). LEN was recently approved in the European Union (EU) for RBC transfusion-dependent pts with IPSS-defined Low-/Int-1-risk MDS and isolated del(5q). This ad hoc analysis evaluated treatment responses, progression to acute myeloid leukemia (AML), overall survival (OS), and adverse events (AEs) in a subset of pts with isolated del(5q) from the MDS-004 study. Methods In MDS-004, pts were randomized to either LEN 10 mg/day on days 1–21 or LEN 5 mg/day on days 1–28 of each 28-day cycle; or placebo (PBO). Erythroid response was assessed at 16 weeks. Double-blind treatment continued until unacceptable toxicity, erythroid relapse, or disease progression. PBO or LEN 5 mg pts without response by 16 weeks crossed-over to open-label (OL) LEN 5 mg or 10 mg treatment, respectively. After 52 weeks, pts on double-blind treatment entered the OL phase at their current LEN dose (total study duration 156 weeks). The primary end-point was RBC-transfusion independence (TI) ≥ 182 days. Secondary end-points included duration of RBC-TI ≥ 182 days, cytogenetic response (CyR; IWG 2000), progression to AML, OS, and AEs. In this subset analysis of pts with isolated del(5q) at baseline from the MDS-004 study, RBC-TI ≥ 182 days and CyR were compared across treatment groups (LEN 10 mg vs PBO; and LEN 5 mg vs PBO). Progression to AML and OS were characterized by the Kaplan-Meier method from study randomization with differences evaluated by the log-rank test. Results A total of 135 of 205 pts randomized to treatment in the MDS-004 study had isolated del(5q) and were included in the intention-to-treat population for this analysis: LEN 10 mg (n = 47), LEN 5 mg (n = 43), and PBO (n = 45). Baseline characteristics were comparable across treatment groups; median age 69 years (range 36–86), 75% female, and median time since diagnosis 2.5 years (range 0.2–29.2). Median hemoglobin (Hb) level was 8.2 g/dL (range 5.6–11.2) and median transfusion burden was 6 units/8 weeks (range 1–25). Significantly more LEN 10 mg (57.4%) and LEN 5 mg (37.2%) pts achieved RBC-TI ≥ 182 days versus PBO (2.2%; both P < 0.001). Median duration of RBC-TI ≥ 182 days was not reached (NR) for the LEN 10 mg (95% CI 1.6 years–NR) and 5 mg groups (95% CI 0.8 years–NR). Median time to RBC-TI ≥ 182 days response was 4.3 weeks (95% CI 0.3–14.7) and 4.2 weeks (95% CI 0.3–12.3) for the LEN 10 mg and 5 mg groups, respectively. In pts with RBC-TI ≥ 182 days, median maximum Hb increases were 6.5 g/dL (range 8.8–14.4) and 5.4 g/dL (range 8.3–14.1) for the LEN 10 mg and 5 mg groups, respectively. CyR (major + minor response) was achieved in 56.8%, 23.1%, and 0% of pts in the LEN 10 mg, LEN 5 mg, and PBO groups, respectively (LEN 10 mg vs PBO, P < 0.001; LEN 5 mg vs PBO, P = 0.03). Of the pts randomized to PBO, 38 crossed over to LEN. In pts treated with LEN, the estimated 2-year cumulative risk of progression to AML was 13.8%. The rates for the estimated 2-year cumulative risk of progression to AML were 12.6% (95% CI 5.4–27.7), 17.4% (95% CI 8.7–33.3), and 16.7% (95% CI 8.3–32.0) in the LEN 10 mg, LEN 5 mg, and PBO groups, respectively (Figure 1A). Median OS was 4.0 years (95% CI 2.5–NR), 3.5 years (95% CI 1.7–4.8), and 2.9 years (95% CI 2.2–4.2) in the LEN 10 mg, LEN 5 mg, and PBO groups, respectively (Figure 1B). By landmark analysis (6 months), progression to AML was similar (P = 0.9883), but OS was longer (P = 0.0072) in LEN-treated pts who achieved RBC-TI ≥ 182 days versus non-responders. AEs included myelosuppression, with grade 3–4 neutropenia reported in 76.6%, 76.7%, and 17.8% of pts; and thrombocytopenia in 46.8%, 46.5%, and 2.2% of pts in the LEN 10 mg, LEN 5 mg, and PBO groups, respectively. Conclusions In this subset analysis of MDS-004 pts with isolated del(5q), LEN therapy was associated with a significant achievement of RBC-TI ≥ 182 days and CyR (57% of pts in the LEN 10 mg group for both RBC-TI and CyR), and had no negative impact on progression to AML or OS. The overall safety profile was well characterized and consistent with the known safety profile of LEN. These data support that LEN is beneficial for the treatment of RBC transfusion-dependent pts with Low-/Int-1-risk MDS and isolated del(5q). Disclosures: Giagounidis: Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees. Mufti:Celgene: Honoraria, Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Mittelman:Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau. Sanz:Celgene Corp.: Honoraria, Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau. Platzbecker:Celgene: Honoraria. Selleslag:Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Amgen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; GSK: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau. Beyne-Rauzy:Celgene Corporation: Research Funding; Roche: Research Funding. te Boekhorst:Novartis: Consultancy. del Cañizo:Celgene: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Janssen-Cilag: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Array: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Novartis: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Guerci-Bresler:Celgene: Honoraria; BMS: Honoraria; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria; Amgen: Honoraria. Quesnel:Celgene: Research Funding. Bowen:Celgene: Honoraria. Schlegelberger:Celgene: Consultancy. Fu:Celgene: Employment, Equity Ownership. Benettaib:Celgene: Employment, Equity Ownership. Hellström-Lindberg:Celgene: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Fenaux:Celgene: Honoraria.
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Gueret, Pierre, Chantal Krezel, Paul van Giersbergen, Eliane Fuseau, Thierry Lamy, and Eric Neuhart. "EP42675, a New Dual Action Anticoagulant: Pharmacodynamic and Pharmacokinetic Profile, and Interactions with Acetylsalicylic Acid, Clopidogrel, and Unfractionated Heparin." Blood 114, no. 22 (November 20, 2009): 2090. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.2090.2090.

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Abstract Abstract 2090 Poster Board II-67 EP42675 is the first representative of a new class of synthetic parenteral anticoagulants with a dual mechanism of action. EP42675 is an indirect factor Xa inhibitor (antithrombin binding pentasaccharide: fondaparinux analog) and a direct free and clot-bound thrombin (factor IIa) active site inhibitor (peptidomimetic: α-NAPAP analog). EP42675 was assessed in two phase I trials: (i) a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled single ascending dose study, where a single intravenous (IV) bolus of 1, 3, or 10 mg was administered to 3 groups of healthy male subjects (6 EP42675 and 2 matching placebo per group); (ii) a study assessing the effect of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) plus clopidogrel, and unfractionated heparin (UFH) on pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of EP42675. In this study, 24 healthy male subjects received 5 mg of EP42675 as an IV bolus on day 1, then ASA 100 mg and 75 mg clopidogrel from day 8 to 21. On day 15, they received a second IV bolus of 5 mg of EP42675 and were immediately randomized in 3 groups to receive either placebo, UFH 30 IU/Kg or UFH 60 IU/Kg, thus mimicking the rescue use of UFH in complicated percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). EP42675 plasma concentrations were measured using anti-Xa and anti-IIa activity specific bioassays (Biomnis, France). EP42675 PD was assessed by global: thrombin generation test (TGT) and activated clotting time (ACT: ACT+ cartridge, Hemochron Signature Elite®, Gamida), and specific coagulation tests performed on a STA-R Evolution® automaton: prothrombin time (PT: Neoplastine CI plus Diagnostica Stago), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT: PTTA Diagnostica Stago), ecarin clotting time (ECT: Ecarine Diagnostica Stago), anti Xa activity expressed as ΔDO/min (Biophen Heparin Hyphen Biomed®), and thrombin time using purified human alpha thrombin (TT: Hemoclot Thrombin Inhibitors, Hyphen Biomed®). TGT performed on platelet poor plasma (PPP) were triggered with PPP reagent high (20 pM recombinant human tissue factor and 4 μM phospholipids, Biodis) on a Calibrated Automated Thrombogram (CAT™: Diagnostica Stago). The EP42675 plasma concentrations, measured by both anti-IIa and anti-Xa bioassays, showed a high and significant correlation (r=0.99, p<0.0001) indicating that the two active moieties of EP42675 did not dissociate. The plasma concentration versus time curves showed a marked distribution phase followed by a slow terminal phase and a less than proportional increase in exposure with increasing dose, with a half-life between 44.1 and 55.3 hours. EP42675 increased ACT, TGT lag time, TT, aPTT, PT, ECT, and anti-Xa activity. Maximum anticoagulant effect was reached within 2 minutes after bolus injection and lasted for more than 72 hours. The higher sensitivity of the TT test compared to the ECT test is explained by the higher selectivity of the EP42675 antithrombin moiety for the human alpha thrombin. A decrease in TGT endogenous thrombin potential was observed with a complete inhibition of thrombin generation at peak in the 10 mg dose group. The apparent lack of dose response at lower concentrations is likely to be due to interactions between the EP42675 antithrombin moiety with the alpha2 macroglobulin-thrombin complex. As anticipated, the co-administration of UFH induced a dose-dependent further increase in ACT, TGT lag time, TT, aPTT, PT, and anti-Xa activity, while the combination of ASA and clopidogrel did not influence the PK or PD of EP42675. The intra- and inter-subject variability was low for both PK and PD parameters. EP42675 was well tolerated. The only drug-related adverse events were mild hematoma at injection or blood sampling site in 6 subjects, mild gingival hemorrhage in 7 subjects, and mild epistaxis in one subject. No change in liver function tests was observed. These data provide useful information for designing future clinical studies with a single-dose anticoagulant treatment in patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing PCI, and treated with various combinations of antithrombotic drugs. Disclosures: Gueret: Endotis: Research Funding. Krezel:Endotis: Employment. van Giersbergen:Endotis: Consultancy. Fuseau:Endotis: Consultancy. Neuhart:Endotis: Employment.
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Fenaux, Pierre, Aristotle Giagounidis, Dominik Selleslag, Odile Beyne-Rauzy, Ghulam J. Mufti, Moshe Mittelman, Petra Muus, et al. "RBC Transfusion Independence and Safety Profile of Lenalidomide 5 or 10 mg in Pts with Low- or Int-1-Risk MDS with Del5q: Results From a Randomized Phase III Trial (MDS-004)." Blood 114, no. 22 (November 20, 2009): 944. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.944.944.

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Abstract Abstract 944 Background: In a phase II study (MDS-003), lenalidomide (LEN) resulted in RBC transfusion-dependence (RBC-TI; ≥8 consecutive wks) in 67% of pts and complete cytogenetic response (CyR) in 45% of pts with RBC transfusion-dependent IPSS Low- or Int-1-risk MDS with del5q. The optimal LEN dose in these pts is unclear. This phase III study (MDS-004) compared the efficacy and safety of 2 LEN doses (5 and 10 mg) vs placebo (PBO). Methods: In this multicenter, randomized, double-blind (DB) study, LEN naïve pts with RBC transfusion-dependent Low- or Int-1-risk MDS with del5q were randomized to receive LEN 5 mg on days 1–28 or LEN 10 mg on days 1–21, both of a 28-day cycle, or PBO. Erythroid response was assessed at 16 wks. Responders continued DB treatment for up to 52 wks, until erythroid relapse or disease progression. PBO and LEN 5 mg pts who did not respond by wk 16 were considered as treatment failures and received LEN 5 or 10 mg, respectively (resp), in an open-label (OL) extension phase. Pts who completed 52 wks of therapy could enter the OL phase at their current LEN dose. The primary end point was RBC-TI for ≥26 consecutive wks. Secondary end points included duration of TI, CyR (IWG 2000), progression to AML, and adverse events. Efficacy analyses used the modified intent-to-treat (mITT) population: pts with centrally-confirmed Low- or Int-1-risk MDS with del5q and documented RBC transfusion dependence who had received ≥1 dose of study drug. Results: Overall, 205 pts were randomized (LEN 5 mg, n=69; LEN 10 mg, n=69; PBO, n=67). The mITT population comprised: 138 pts (LEN 5 mg, n=46; LEN 10 mg, n=41; PBO, n=51); median age 69 y (range, 36–86 y); 76% female; 48% Low- and 52% Int-1-risk; and 75%, 16%, and 9% with isolated del5q, del5q + 1 abnormality, and del5q + ≥2 abnormalities, resp. Median time since diagnosis was 2.8, 2.5, and 2.4 y in LEN 5 mg, LEN 10 mg, and PBO groups, resp. Median baseline RBC transfusion requirement was 6 units/8 wks in each treatment group. Key efficacy results are reported in the Table. At 52 wks, significantly more LEN 5 mg (41%) or LEN 10 mg (56%) pts had achieved TI (≥26 consecutive wks) vs PBO (6%; both p<.001) (Table). Similar results were obtained using the IWG 2000 definition of TI (≥8 consecutive wks). RBC-TI was achieved at a median of 1 cycle of therapy (3.3 and 4.3 weeks, resp) for both LEN 5 and 10 mg. RBC-TI rate was not affected by age, gender, FAB classification, IPSS classification, time from diagnosis, cytogenetic complexity, baseline platelet counts, and number of cytopenias. CyR was reported in 17% and 41% of pts in LEN 5 and 10 mg groups, resp (p<.001 vs PBO for both), including complete CyR in 11% (LEN 5 mg; p<.01 vs PBO) and 24% of pts (LEN 10 mg; p<.001 vs PBO). None of the pts in the PBO group had CyR. In the safety population 4/69 (6%), 1/69 (1%), and 1/67 (2%) pts progressed to AML in the LEN 5 mg, LEN 10 mg, and PBO groups, resp; median time to AML progression from the first dose of study drug was 9.3, 5.9, and 3.1 months, resp. Grade 3-4 neutropenia was reported in 74%, 75%, and 15% of pts in the LEN 5 mg, LEN 10 mg, and PBO groups, resp, and thrombocytopenia in 33%, 41%, and 2% of pts, resp. DVT was reported in 1%, 6%, and 2% pts, resp. AEs leading to dose reduction were reported in 52% and 58% of LEN 5 and 10 mg pts, resp (none reported with PBO). These were due to neutropenia (28% vs 38%), thrombocytopenia (12% vs 23%), or febrile neutropenia (3% vs 0%) for LEN 5 and 10 mg, resp. Discontinuation due to AEs during the first 52 wks was reported in 16%, 9%, and 5% of pts in the LEN 5 mg, LEN 10 mg, and PBO groups, resp. Conclusion: In this first randomized PBO-controlled study of LEN in pts with Low- or Int-1-risk MDS with del5q, both LEN 5 and 10 mg were generally well tolerated and achieved significant RBC-TI and CyR. LEN 10 mg was associated with better RBC-TI and CyR than LEN 5 mg, while maintaining a comparable safety profile. These data support the use of LEN 10 mg as a starting dose, with dose reductions or discontinuations if needed. Disclosures: Fenaux: Celgene: Honoraria, Research Funding; Ortho Biotech: Honoraria, Research Funding; Roche: Honoraria, Research Funding; Novartis: Honoraria, Research Funding; Cephalon: Honoraria, Research Funding; Epicept: Honoraria, Research Funding; Amgen: Honoraria, Research Funding; Merck: Honoraria, Research Funding. Giagounidis:Celgene: Consultancy; Novartis: Consultancy; Amgen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; GlaxoSmithKline: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Johnson & Johnson: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau. Selleslag:Celgene: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Amgen: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Beyne-Rauzy:Celgene: Research Funding; Roche: Research Funding. Mufti:Celgene: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Mittelman:Celgene: Clinical trials supported, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Bio GAL: Equity Ownership, Patents & Royalties. Sanz:Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. del Cañizo:Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Guerci-Bresler:Celgene: Consultancy. Schlegelberger:Celgene: Cytogenetic reference diagnostics. Kreipe:Celgene: Research Funding. Knight:Celgene: Employment, Equity Ownership. Francis:Celgene: Employment, Equity Ownership. Fu:Celgene: Employment. Hellstrom-Lindberg:Celgene: Research Funding.
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Lier, M. C. I., H. Özcan, A. M. F. Schreurs, P. M. van de Ven, K. Dreyer, L. E. E. van der Houwen, N. P. Johnson, et al. "Uterine bathing with sonography gel prior to IVF/ICSI-treatment in patients with endometriosis, a multicentre randomised controlled trial." Human Reproduction Open 2020, no. 4 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hropen/hoaa054.

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Abstract STUDY QUESTION What is the effect of uterine bathing with sonography gel prior to IVF/ICSI-treatment on live birth rates after fresh embryo transfer in patients with endometriosis? SUMMARY ANSWER After formal interim analysis and premature ending of the trial, no significant difference between uterine bathing using a pharmacologically neutral sonography gel compared to a sham procedure on live birth rate after fresh embryo transfer in endometriosis patients (26.7% vs. 15.4%, relative risk (RR) 1.73, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.81–3.72; P-value 0.147) could be found, although the trial was underpowered to draw definite conclusions. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Impaired implantation receptivity contributes to reduced clinical pregnancy rates after IVF/ICSI-treatment in endometriosis patients. Previous studies have suggested a favourable effect of tubal flushing with Lipiodol® on natural conceptions. This benefit might also be explained by enhancing implantation through endometrial immunomodulation. Although recent studies showed no beneficial effect of endometrial scratching, the effect of mechanical stress by intrauterine infusion on the endometrium in endometriosis patients undergoing IVF/ICSI-treatment has not been investigated yet. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION We performed a multicentre, patient-blinded, randomised controlled trial in which women were randomly allocated to either a Gel Infusion Sonography (GIS, intervention group) or a sham procedure (control group) prior to IVF/ICSI-treatment. Since recruitment was slow and completion of the study was considered unfeasible, the study was halted after inclusion of 112 of the planned 184 women. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS We included infertile women with surgically confirmed endometriosis ASRM stage I–IV undergoing IVF/ICSI-treatment. After informed consent, women were randomised to GIS with intrauterine instillation of ExEm-gel® or sonography with gel into the vagina (sham). This was performed in the cycle preceding the embryo transfer, on the day GnRH analogue treatment was started. The primary endpoint was live birth rate after fresh embryo transfer. Analysis was performed by both intention-to-treat and per-protocol. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Between July 2014 to September 2018, we randomly allocated 112 women to GIS (n = 60) or sham procedure (n = 52). The live birth rate after fresh embryo transfer was 16/60 (26.7%) after GIS versus 8/52 (15.4%) after the sham (RR 1.73, 95% CI 0.81–3.72; P-value 0.147). Ongoing pregnancy rate was 16/60 (26.7%) after GIS versus 9/52 (17.3%) in the controls (RR 1.54, 95% CI 0.74–3.18). Miscarriage occurred in 1/60 (1.7%) after GIS versus 5/52 (9.6%) in the controls (RR 0.17, 95% CI 0.02–1.44) women. Uterine bathing resulted in a higher pain score compared with a sham procedure (visual analogue scale score 2.7 [1.3–3.5] vs. 1.0 [0.0–2.0], P &lt; 0.001). There were two adverse events after GIS compared with none after sham procedures. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The study was terminated prematurely due to slow recruitment and trial fatigue. Therefore, the trial is underpowered to draw definite conclusions regarding the effect of uterine bathing with sonography gel on live birth rate after fresh embryo transfer in endometriosis patients undergoing IVF/ICSI-treatment. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS We could not demonstrate a favourable effect of uterine bathing procedures with sonography gel prior to IVF/ICSI-treatment in patients with endometriosis. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) Investigator initiated study. IQ Medical Ventures provided the ExEm FOAM® kits free of charge, they were not involved in the study design, data management, statistical analyses and/or manuscript preparation, etc. C.B.L. reports receiving grants from Ferring, Merck and Guerbet, outside the submitted work. C.B.L. is Editor-in-Chief of Human Reproduction. V.M. reports grants and other from Guerbet, outside the submitted work. B.W.M. reports grants from NHMRC (GNT1176437), personal fees from ObsEva, Merck and Merck KGaA, Guerbet and iGenomix, outside the submitted work. N.P.J. reports research funding from Abb-Vie and Myovant Sciences and consultancy for Vifor Pharma, Guerbet, Myovant Sciences and Roche Diagnostics, outside the submitted work. K.D. reports personal fees from Guerbet, outside the submitted work. The other authors do not report any conflicts of interest. No financial support was provided. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NL4025 (NTR4198) TRIAL REGISTRATION DATE 7 October 2013 DATE OF FIRST PATIENT’S ENROLMENT 22 July 2014
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van Hoogenhuijze, N. E., F. Mol, J. S. E. Laven, E. R. Groenewoud, M. A. F. Traas, C. A. H. Janssen, G. Teklenburg, et al. "Endometrial scratching in women with one failed IVF/ICSI cycle—outcomes of a randomised controlled trial (SCRaTCH)." Human Reproduction, December 8, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deaa268.

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Abstract STUDY QUESTION Does endometrial scratching in women with one failed IVF/ICSI treatment affect the chance of a live birth of the subsequent fresh IVF/ICSI cycle? SUMMARY ANSWER In this study, 4.6% more live births were observed in the scratch group, with a likely certainty range between −0.7% and +9.9%. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Since the first suggestion that endometrial scratching might improve embryo implantation during IVF/ICSI, many clinical trials have been conducted. However, due to limitations in sample size and study quality, it remains unclear whether endometrial scratching improves IVF/ICSI outcomes. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION The SCRaTCH trial was a non-blinded randomised controlled trial in women with one unsuccessful IVF/ICSI cycle and assessed whether a single endometrial scratch using an endometrial biopsy catheter would lead to a higher live birth rate after the subsequent IVF/ICSI treatment compared to no scratch. The study took place in 8 academic and 24 general hospitals. Participants were randomised between January 2016 and July 2018 by a web-based randomisation programme. Secondary outcomes included cumulative 12-month ongoing pregnancy leading to live birth rate. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Women with one previous failed IVF/ICSI treatment and planning a second fresh IVF/ICSI treatment were eligible. In total, 933 participants out of 1065 eligibles were included (participation rate 88%). MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE After the fresh transfer, 4.6% more live births were observed in the scratch compared to control group (110/465 versus 88/461, respectively, risk ratio (RR) 1.24 [95% CI 0.96–1.59]). These data are consistent with a true difference of between −0.7% and +9.9% (95% CI), indicating that while the largest proportion of the 95% CI is positive, scratching could have no or even a small negative effect. Biochemical pregnancy loss and miscarriage rate did not differ between the two groups: in the scratch group 27/153 biochemical pregnancy losses and 14/126 miscarriages occurred, while this was 19/130 and 17/111 for the control group (RR 1.21 (95% CI 0.71–2.07) and RR 0.73 (95% CI 0.38–1.40), respectively). After 12 months of follow-up, 5.1% more live births were observed in the scratch group (202/467 versus 178/466), of which the true difference most likely lies between −1.2% and +11.4% (95% CI). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION This study was not blinded. Knowledge of allocation may have been an incentive for participants allocated to the scratch group to continue treatment in situations where they may otherwise have cancelled or stopped. In addition, this study was powered to detect a difference in live birth rate of 9%. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The results of this study are an incentive for further assessment of the efficacy and clinical implications of endometrial scratching. If a true effect exists, it may be smaller than previously anticipated or may be limited to specific groups of women undergoing IVF/ICSI. Studying this will require larger sample sizes, which will be provided by the ongoing international individual participant data-analysis (PROSPERO CRD42017079120). At present, endometrial scratching should not be performed outside of clinical trials. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study was funded by ZonMW, the Dutch organisation for funding healthcare research. J.S.E. Laven reports grants and personal fees from AnshLabs (Webster, Tx, USA), Ferring (Hoofddorp, The Netherlands) and Ministry of Health (CIBG, The Hague, The Netherlands) outside the submitted work. A.E.P. Cantineau reports ‘other’ from Ferring BV, personal fees from Up to date Hyperthecosis, ‘other’ from Theramex BV, outside the submitted work. E.R. Groenewoud reports grants from Titus Health Care during the conduct of the study. A.M. van Heusden reports personal fees from Merck Serono, personal fees from Ferring, personal fees from Goodlife, outside the submitted work. F.J.M. Broekmans reports personal fees as Member of the external advisory board for Ferring BV, The Netherlands, personal fees as Member of the external advisory board for Merck Serono, The Netherlands, personal fees as Member of the external advisory for Gedeon Richter, Belgium, personal fees from Educational activities for Ferring BV, The Netherlands, grants from Research support grant Merck Serono, grants from Research support grant Ferring, personal fees from Advisory and consultancy work Roche, outside the submitted work. C.B. Lambalk reports grants from Ferring, grants from Merck, grants from Guerbet, outside the submitted work. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Registered in the Netherlands Trial Register (NL5193/NTR 5342). TRIAL REGISTRATION DATE 31 July 2015. DATE OF FIRST PATIENT’S ENROLMENT 26 January 2016.
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Noronha, Carlos Silveira, Alfredo De Jesus Dal Molin Flores, Gustavo Castagna Machado, Wagner Silveira Feloniuk, Kenny Sontag, Pedro Prazeres Fraga Pereira, and Augusto Sperb Machado. "Prefácio." Revista da Faculdade de Direito 1, no. 36 (August 31, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/0104-6594.76094.

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A Revista da Faculdade de Direito da UFRGS, agora Qualis B1, lança mais um número. O comprometimento com a periodicidade, a seriedade da avaliação cega, o respeito às normas do Qualis, enfim, a todos os elementos que compõem uma revista científica de relevância continuam sendo cumpridos. O resultado do esforço veio no aumento recente de estrato e o objetivo agora é elevá-lo ainda mais na próxima avaliação.É o segundo ano desde a digitalização e agora a trajetória é a de manutenção do cumprimento das regras da Qualis, procurando estarmos cada vez mais adequados, cumprindo os critérios para os estratos mais altos, sem diminuir o ritmo em função do B1 conquistado.A revista encontra-se em um patamar diferente hoje. Quase uma centena de artigos foram recebidos no último edital, de 2017/1, um número muito significativo para um periódico que publica quinze artigos por semestre. Desses, aproximadamente metade não cumpria regras da Qualis buscadas pela revista e os autores foram rapidamente avisados. Os demais prosseguiram para a dupla avaliação cega, a maior parte deles já está aprovado e puderam ser considerados para a avaliação. Assim, são publicados agora os artigos mais bem avaliados dentre um número grande e esperamos que representem o que de melhor foi confiado ao periódico.Essa quantidade de artigos possibilita uma revista com qualidade acadêmica cada vez mais distinta, composta em ampla maioria por professores doutores e pesquisadores nesse caminho. Os artigos selecionados são relevantes na opinião dos avaliadores que os examinaram, foram considerados apenas por especialistas da área e passaram por um patamar crescente de exigência ao longo dos editais.Uma questão relevante, a qual abordamos em agradecimento, é quanto à avaliação. Aplicar o double-blind peer review a um número tão grande de artigos é um desafio. A quantidade de pesquisadores realizando esse trabalho voluntário vai às centenas, em um processo de larga escala, que demanda atenção ao mesmo tempo pormenorizada a cada autor com dúvidas, mas capaz de atender um contingente desse patamar. Apesar das dificuldades, o processo foi exitoso, e o número pode ser publicado em um contexto de grande número de aprovados.Por tudo, a revista continua em um crescente, agora na condição de um periódico nos estratos superiores e pronta para colaborar efetivamente no desenvolvimento do Direito brasileiro.Há a publicação de três autores convidados nesse número. O primeiro é o do falecido professor Sergio Cotta, professor da Università La Sapienza di Roma por 34 anos, até 1990, e falecido em 2007. O professor de filosofia, com uma rica história de vida por sua participação na Segunda Guerra Mundial, tem uma tradução inédita publicada sobre o Direito Natural e o jusnaturalismo sob o marco do ser do direito enquanto estrutura da vida prática, o eu-sintético-relacional.Os dois artigos convidados de professores brasileiros foram elaborados pelo professor Airton Lisle Cerqueira Leite Seelaender, da UnB, e Christian Edward Cyril Lynch, da UERJ. O primeiro é um trabalho discutindo as possibilidades de desenvolver História do Direito contemporâneo, com discussões sobre suas fontes e sua relação com a sociologia jurídica, dogmática e embates políticos quando pesquisas assim são realizadas. O artigo do professor Christian é sobre a cultura política brasileira e o seu desenvolvimento ao longo da história do Brasil, sobre a compreensão que os grandes autores do pensamento político, sociológico e jurídico tinham conforme passou o tempo e ocorreram avanços sociais e civilizatórios no nosso país. O artigo se propõe a realizar uma tarefa difícil e que demanda grande esforço, encontrar um sentido nas posições defendidas ao longo do tempo, relacionando elas com a própria sociedade que existia naqueles momentos. Esse número traz também dois professores da própria faculdade. O primeiro, em coautoria com David Adriano Nota, é um artigo do saudoso professor Tupinambá Pinto de Azevedo, que não se encontra mais entre nós, mas nos deixa saudades e lembranças, um dos mestres mais queridos da faculdade na sua época recente. O artigo do professor Tupinambá abre a revista dentre os artigos do edital, como mais um sinal da gratidão por tantos anos dedicados à faculdade e pelos ensinamentos dados. O segundo é do professor Bruno Miragem, em coautoria com Italo Bronzatti, sobre a prestação do serviço público de energia elétrica. Os dois artigos foram submetidos pelo edital, vencendo todas as etapas de seleção anônima aplicada aos demais artigos.Além deles, há todos os outros artigos de professor exógenos, tratando da denúncia anônima, da terminologia dos conflitos ou guerras pela água, da atuação do Supremo Tribunal Federal em diversos temas, de temas das áreas de Direito Administrativo, Processual Civil, Internacional Privado, Ambiental, Filosofia. Esperamos que a diversidade seja mais um incentivo à leitura.Concluímos esperando que o leitor encontre neste volume auxílio para suas pesquisas e seu crescimento profissional, e que o contato com a revista constitua uma experiência positiva, refletindo a qualidade das obras publicadas e a seriedade do trabalho que vem sendo empenhado por todos os envolvidos – especialmente pelos nossos avaliadores. Boa leitura! Porto Alegre, 31 de agosto de 2017. Prof. Dr. Carlos Silveira NoronhaEditor-chefe Prof. Dr. Alfredo de Jesus Dal Molin FloresEditor-Adjunto Prof. Dr. Gustavo Castagna MachadoProf. Dr. Wagner Silveira FeloniukDoutorando Kenny SontagMestrando Pedro Prazeres Fraga PereiraGraduando Augusto Sperb MachadoEditores-Executivos
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Rabêlo, Hannah Taynnan de Lima Bezerra, José Henrique de Araújo Cruz, Gymenna Maria Tenório Guênes, Abrahão Alves de Oliveira Filho, and Maria Angélica Satyro Gomes Alves. "Anestésicos locais utilizados na Odontologia: uma revisão de literatura." ARCHIVES OF HEALTH INVESTIGATION 8, no. 9 (February 20, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.21270/archi.v8i9.4655.

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Introdução: Os anestésicos locais são substâncias químicas capazes de bloquear de forma reversível a transmissão de impulsos nervosos no local onde forem aplicados, sendo fundamentais no âmbito da Odontologia para controle da dor. Objetivo: Realizar revisão de literatura sobre os principais anestésicos locais utilizados na Odontologia. Metodologia: O estudo trata-se de uma revisão narrativa realizada entre os meses de janeiro e março de 2018. As bases de dados para a busca da literatura foram Scielo, Pubmed, Web of Science, Bireme. As palavras-chaves usadas foram “Anestésicos Locais”, “Mecanismos de Ação”, “Farmacologia”, “Odontologia”, “Relação Estrutura-atividade”, “Canais de Sódio”, presentes no DeCS. Discussão: A cocaína foi o primeiro composto a ser utilizado como anestésico local e foi a partir desta que os novos anestésicos foram desenvolvidos. Os anestésicos locais apresentam na sua estrutura molecular um anel aromático, uma cadeia intermediária e um grupo amina. Eles atuam sobre os neurônios e seu sítio de ação são os canais de sódio dependente de voltagem, aos quais se ligam reversivelmente, abolindo a excitabilidade neuronal. A classificação dos anestésicos locais é definida quanto à estrutura química e quanto à duração de ação, sendo os principais utilizados na Odontologia lidocaína, mepivacaína, articaína, prilocaína, cloridrato de bupivacaína. Conclusão: Conforme a literatura revisada, é necessário o conhecimento do cirurgião-dentista sobre as características farmacológicas individuais dos anestésicos locais e as sistêmicas do paciente para uma escolha correta, já que sua utilização é variável para cada usuário, e a manipulação inadequada desses fármacos pode levar a sérios riscos para a saúde do paciente.Descritores: Odontologia; Anestésicos locais; Farmacologia; Relação Estrutura-Atividade; Canais de Sódio; Mecanismos Moleculares de Ação Farmacológica.Almeida FM. Controle medicamentoso da dor. In: Estrela C. Dor odontogênica. São Paulo: Artes Médicas; 2001. p.243-61.Silva AP, Diniz AS, Araújo FA, Souza CC. Presença da queixa de dor em pacientes classificados segundo o protocolo de Manchester. Rev Enferm Centro Oeste Mineiro. 2013;3(1):507-17.Rang HP, Dale MM, Ritter JM, Flower RJ, Henderson G. Farmacologia. 8. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier; 2016.Paiva LCA, Cavalcanti AL. Anestésicos locais em odontologia: Uma revisão de literatura. UEPG Ci Biol Saúde. 2005; 11(2):35-42.Soares RG, Salles AA, Irala LED, Limongi O. Como escolher um adequado anestésico local para as diferentes situações na clínica odontológica diária? RSBO. 2006;3(1):35-40.Miller RD, Hondeghem LM. Anestésicos Locais. In: Katzung BG. Farmacologia básica e clínica. 10. ed. Rio de Janeiro: AMGH Editora; 2010. p.301-7.Becker D, Reeed K. Essentials of local anesthetic pharmacology. Anesth Prog. 2006;53(3):98-108.Alves RIL. Anestésicos locais [dissertação]. Porto, Portugal: Universidade Fernando Pessoa; 2013.Malamed SF. Manual de anestesia local. 6. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier; 2013.Ferreira AAA, Silva ID, Diniz RS, Guerra GCB. Anestésicos locais: revisando o mecanismo de ação molecular. Infarma. 2006;18(5/6):15-18.Anjos ED, Carvalho RWF. Complicações sistêmicas em anestesia local. In: Lubiana NB. Pro-Odonto Cirurgia. 2. ed. Porto Alegre: Artmed; 2007. p.143-78.Carvalho RWF, Pereira CU, Anjos ED, Laureano Filho JR, Vasconcelos BCE. Anestésicos locais: como escolher e prevenir complicações sistêmicas. Rev Port Estomatol Med Dent Cir Maxilofac. 2010;51(2):113-20.Teixeira RN. Anestesia local sem vasoconstritor versus com vasoconstritor [dissertação] Porto, Portugal: Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Fernando Pessoa; 2014.Carvalho B, Fritzen EL, Parodes AG, Santos RB, Gedoz L. O emprego dos anestésicos locais em Odontologia: revisão de literatura. Rev bras odontol. 2013;70(2):178-81.Santaella GM. Soluções anestésicas locais: uma revisão de literatura [monografia]: Florianópolis: Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina; 2011.Reis Jr A. Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) e Karl Köller (1857-1944) e a descoberta da anestesia local. Rev Bras Anestesiol. 2009;59(2):244-57. Bobbio A. História Sinótica da Anestesia. São Paulo: Novel; 1969.Byck R. Freud e a Cocaína. Rio de Janeiro: Espaço e Tempo; 1989.Araújo DR, Paula E, Fraceto LF. Anestésicos locais: interação com membranas biológicas e com o canal de sódio voltagem-dependente. Quim Nova. 2008;31(7):1775-83.Catterall WA, Mackie K. Local anesthetics. In: Brunton LL, Lazo JS, Parker KL. Goodman and Gillman’s the pharmacologic basis of therapeutics. 11. ed. New York: McGraw Hill; 2006. p. 369-85.Carvalho JCA. Farmacologia dos anestésicos locais. Rev Bras Anestesiol. 1994;44(1):75-82.Faria FAC, Marzola C. Farmacologia dos anestésicos locais – considerações gerias. BCI. 2001;8(29):19-30.Bahl R. Local anestesia in dentistry. Anesth Prog. 2004;51(4):138-42.Udelsmann A, Dreyer E, Melo MS, Bonfim MR, Borsoi LFA, Oliveira TG. Lipídeos nas intoxicações por anestésicos locais. ABCD arq bras cir dig. 2012;25(3):169-72.Fozzard HA, Lee PJ, Lipkind JM. Mechanism of local anesthetic drug action on voltage-gated sodium channels. Curr Pharm Des. 2005;11(21):2671-86.Jackson T, Mclure HA. Pharmacology of local anesthetics. Ophthalmol Clin North Am. 2006;19(2):155-61.Schulman JM, Strichartz GR. Farmacologia dos Anestésicos Locais. In: Golan DE, Tashjian Jr AH, Armstrong EJ, Armstrong AW. Princípios de Farmacologia: a base fisiopatológica da farmacoterapia. 2. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan; 2009. p.131-145.Golan DE, Tashjian Jr AH, Armstrong EJ, Armstrong AW. Princípios de Farmacologia: a base fisiopatológica da farmacoterapia. 3. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan; 2014.Marieb EM, Hoehn K. Anatomia e Fisiologia. 3. ed. Porto Alegre: Artmed; 2009.Carvalho-De-Souza JL. Análise do efeito inibitório do eugenol sobre canais para Na+ ativados por voltagem em neurônios sensitivos [tese]. São Paulo: Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas – USP; 2009.Andrade ED. Terapêutica medicamentosa em odontologia. 3. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Artes Médicas; 2014.Parise GK, Ferranti KN, Grando CP. Sais anestésicos utilizados na odontologia: revisão de literatura. J Oral Investig. 2017;6(1):75-84.Gordh T. Lidocaine: the origino of a modern local anesthetic. Anesthesiology. 2010;113(6):1433-37.Peñarrocha M, Sanchis BJM, Martínez GJM. Anestesia local em odontologia. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan; 2008.DEF. Dicionário de especialidades farmacêuticas 2016. 44. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Publicações Científicas; 2016.Vasconcelos RJH, Nogueira RVB, Leal AKR, Oliveira CTV, Bezerra JGB. Alterações sistêmicas decorrente do uso da lidocaína e prilocaína na prática odontológica. Rev cir traumatol buco-maxilo-fac. 2002;1(2):13-19.Montan MF, Cogo K, Bergamaschi CC, Volpato MC, Andrade ED. 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15

Noronha, Carlos Silveira, Alfredo De Jesus Dal Molin Flores, Gustavo Castagna Machado, Wagner Silveira Feloniuk, Kenny Sontag, and Augusto Sperb Machado. "Prefácio ao Volume 34." Revista da Faculdade de Direito 1, no. 34 (August 31, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/0104-6594.67507.

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Abstract:
PREFÁCIO A Faculdade de Direito da UFRGS publicou seu primeiro periódico em 1949, com o nome de Revista da Faculdade de Direito de Pôrto Alegre. Naquele primeiro momento, enquanto o Brasil enfrentava com o restante do Ocidente os efeitos do final da Segunda Guerra Mundial e o avanço de ideias tão diversas sobre o papel da política e do Estado na sociedade, é iniciada essa publicação jurídica ligada ao seu tempo e ao pensamento dos professores da faculdade – sobre o Direito, mas também sobre política, filosofia e acontecimentos fundamentais do período. No primeiro número já aparecem professores de vasto legado para o desenvolvimento da academia gaúcha e da Faculdade de Direito, André da Rocha, Ruy Cirne Lima, Darcy Azambuja, Hernani Estrella, Galeno Lacerda – para citar apenas alguns do primeiro número, que seriam acompanhados de tantos outros vultos nos seguintes. O periódico surgiu com grande importância e a manteve ao longo do tempo, publicando dezenas de números e veiculando o pensamento jurídico e político de gerações de pensadores. Sob o nome original, a revista foi publicada durante várias décadas, mostrando a importância do pensamento de seus autores e trazendo para publicar nela autores de grande relevo para o pensamento jurídico brasileiro. A revista viria a se chamar Revista da Faculdade de Direito da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul em novembro de 1993, alterando seu título, mas mantendo seus volumes na sequência da publicação da anterior. Atualmente, ainda sob o segundo título, a revista tem sido mantida com publicações constantes e adequação às regras atuais de publicação. Foram 34 números lançados até o momento, em situação de constância da publicação anual, especialmente nas últimas três décadas, superados os dois momentos de pausa, nas décadas de 1960 e 1980. Longa e relevante é a tradição do periódico e a sua existência é um motivo de alegria para a Faculdade de Direito da UFRGS. Ainda que o passado seja motivo de contentamento por tantos motivos, a continuidade não pode estar desacompanhada do progresso. Nesse intuito é que, durante o ano de 2016, a revista passou por profundas alterações em sua estrutura e funcionamento. O motivo que fundamenta tal movimento é manter a revista em um patamar de importância condizente com sua história e com a posição da Faculdade de Direito da UFRGS como um dos principais centros de ensino e pesquisa em Direito no Brasil. A partir de agora, a revista é pautada pelo cumprimento a regras internacionalmente reconhecidas de publicação ética e utilizando métodos de seleção reconhecidos por outras publicações respeitadas internacionalmente. Além disso, ela estará preocupada em respeitar as regras estabelecidas pelo Ministério da Educação, por meio da CAPES e especialmente do QUALIS. Esse conjunto busca aprimorar a publicação e atrair os pesquisadores mais qualificados do país. O desafio na implantação dessas regras é grande. Em apenas um número, passam a ser meta da revista publicar obras respeitando os critérios estabelecidos para as revistas de estrato A1, a mais alta das classificações. Isso impõe a publicação de ao menos 75% de artigos exógenos, elaborados por pesquisadores de outras unidades da federação, 60% de artigos com ao menos um autor doutor, aplicação do double-blind peer review method a ao menos 75% dos artigos, indexação em instituições internacionais, mínimo de 14 artigos por número e tantas outras normas que exigem grande esforço para o seu cumprimento. Apesar disso, apresentamos agora esse número que é um movimento forte nesse sentido – ainda em um momento de adaptação, mas trazendo resultados condizentes com suas metas e já implantando os requisitos listados em sua totalidade. Ao lado das novidades, vem o projeto de digitalização da revista. Todos os números anteriores serão inseridos no sistema digital criado em 2016 e passarão a ser acessíveis gratuitamente pela internet. Eles serão preparados como se fossem números digitais, com artigos digitalizados individualmente, facilitando o contato com os artigos por seus títulos ou autores e permitindo pesquisas efetivas e simples nas grandes ferramentas de busca da internet. Essa é uma forma de resgatar a história da revista, mas também de ampliar e dar visibilidade a todos os artigos publicados anteriormente. O projeto deve se prolongar por ao menos mais um ano, mas deverá ser uma contribuição importante para a comunidade, a par das digitalizações feitas por diversos outros grandes centros de estudos jurídicos. Essas novidades se concentram e podem ser verificadas principalmente no site da revista, o http://seer.ufrgs.br/revfacdir. Ele utiliza o sistema SEER, a tradução brasileira do sistema de publicação mais utilizado no mundo, o OJS (open jornal system). Ali ficarão os números digitalizados, os novos números e os meios para a submissão e avaliação dos artigos. Sobre os meios de submissão de artigos e o SEER, cabe ressaltar que todas as novas propostas exigem um aparato amplo de meios tecnológicos e colaboração de pesquisadores. Assim, editais de seleção de artigos serão disponibilizados no site e divulgados das maneiras mais amplas possíveis, buscando atingir o máximo de autores. Esses pesquisadores submeterão seus trabalhos anonimamente e serão avaliados por ao menos dois especialistas de suas áreas de maneira também anônima, em um processo de avaliação aberto e conducente à melhoria dos artigos submetidos. O resultado será avaliado pelos editores na busca dos melhores trabalhos para preencher o número de artigos pretendidos a cada número. O resultado é uma publicação aberta, de avaliação transparente e cujos resultados poderão ser verificados pelo cumprimento das normas públicas da QUALIS e pela diversidade de autores e assuntos que alcançarão o êxito na publicação. E o maior desafio de um periódico para implantar esses sistemas e métodos é encontrar um corpo qualificado de avaliadores. Receber um grande número de artigos e os avaliar no prazo curto estabelecido por uma publicação semestral é um desafio. Nesse sentido, a revista já está solidificada com a participação de bem mais de uma centena de avaliadores de todo o Brasil, que permitiram, já nesse número, a avaliação dos artigos submetidos no edital. Aos avaliadores, expressamos nosso agradecimento, pois seu papel indispensável viabiliza um periódico atuando com parâmetros tão sérios de publicação. Nesse número, já em uma concretização de todas as propostas acima, são trazidos 3 convidados e 13 artigos submetidos pelo edital. O número cumpre a indicação do QUALIS e garante que pesquisas de grande relevo possam ser trazidos à publicação ao mesmo tempo em que prepondere a disputa aberta pelo espaços. Dos artigos convidados, o primeiro é o do renomado professor em Frankfurt, Joachim Rückert, que fala da história e da atualidade do Código Civil Alemão, o BGB. O segundo é um artigo do professor argentino Ezequiel Abásolo, que escreve sobre as obras de um dos maiores destaques acadêmicos da História do Direito argentino e renomado mundialmente, o professor Víctor Tau Anzoátegui. Por fim, e com grande alegria, convidamos para publicar na revista os autores que fizeram da Faculdade de Direito a vencedora do Prêmio Destaque na Iniciação Científica e Tecnológica de 2015 na área das Ciências Humanas e Sociais, Letras e Artes, a aluna da graduação Dezyree Rodrigues da Rosa e o seu orientador, professor de Sociologia do Direito José Alcebíades de Oliveira Junior. Dentre os artigos submetidos no edital e agora publicados, encontramos artigos sobre Direito Constitucional, Filosofia, Direito Penal, Criminologia, Direito do Trabalho, Direito Previdenciário, Direito Societário, vindos de professores e alunos dos mais diversos locais do Brasil. Os artigos tratam de temas relevantes e atuais, buscando acrescentar às discussões em suas áreas. Poder trazer um periódico tão diversificados geograficamente e em seus temas é um avanço grande e motivo de muita satisfação. Por tudo, desejamos aos leitores uma boa experiência e agradecemos aos diversos responsáveis pelo esforço que foi essa publicação sob condições tão diferentes das anteriores. Esperamos que o projeto seja bem-sucedido e marque a entrada da revista em uma nova fase, ainda mais aberta e qualificada. Porto Alegre, 31 de agosto de 2016. Prof. Dr. Carlos Silveira NoronhaEditor-chefe Prof. Dr. Alfredo de Jesus Dal Molin FloresEditor-Adjunto Prof. Dr. Gustavo Castagna MachadoProf. Dr. Wagner Silveira FeloniukDoutorando Kenny SontagGraduando Augusto Sperb MachadoEditores-Executivos
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