Journal articles: 'Guide Price'

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Highfill, Jannett, and Kevin O'Brien. "Do Price Guides Guide Ebay Prices: The Market for Individual Baseball Cards." American Economist 52, no. 1 (March 2008): 58–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/056943450805200105.

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Bangalee, Varsha, and Fatima Suleman. "Has the increase in the availability of generic drugs lowered the price of cardiovascular drugs in South Africa?" Health SA Gesondheid 21 (October 11, 2016): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/hsag.v21i0.935.

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Background: This research focuses on pharmaceutical competition in South Africa where concurrent pricing legislation is being implemented without monitoring the consequences on generic drug competition and usage.Objective: To examine the relationship between originator drug prices and the number of generic brands within the cardiovascular class of drugs and to compare South African prices with international reference prices.Method: Data on private sector drug prices was sourced from the South African Medicine Price Registry. The relationship between the median proportional price and the number of brands in the therapeutic class was analysed using correlation analysis. International reference prices were obtained from the Management Sciences for Health International Drug Price Indicator Guide (2012 edition).Results: A weak correlation between originator and generic drug prices and the number of available brands was observed, the exception being diuretic drugs. The median prices per strength of the originator generic were still higher than the most expensive generic version manufactured by any other company, the exception being telmisartan. Comparison of price ratios between the originator drug, lowest priced generic and international reference price values revealed that the originator drug prices had a median price ratio of 20.99 (interquartile range 7.31—53.46) and the lowest priced generics had a median price ratio of 4.28 (interquartile range 2.10—8.47).Conclusion: Increased generic competition is not a predictor of lower drug prices. The study also concludes that the current South African pharmaceutical policies have not yet achieved the lowest prices for drugs when compared internationally.

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Taylor, Christina J., and Sharon M. Dawid. "Bargaining for a New Car: The Knowledgeable versus the Naive Consumer." Psychological Reports 59, no. 1 (August 1986): 284–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1986.59.1.284.

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A field experiment was conducted on the use of bargaining strategies for a new car. Confederates (3 men, 5 women) behaved as either knowledgeable or naive consumers in obtaining an initial price offer on a new Ford Mustang. In the knowledgeable consumer condition, confederates carried a price guide and asked the salesperson for a price offer on a Mustang with a specific set of options. In the naive consumer condition, the confederates did not carry a price guide and they asked the salesperson to review the available options. Each confederate obtained three price offers in each condition. As predicted, the prices obtained in the knowledgeable consumer condition were significantly lower than in the naive consumer condition.

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Frosch, Paula. "SOTHEBY'S INTERNATIONAL PRICE GUIDE. John L. Marion." Art Documentation: Journal of the Art Libraries Society of North America 5, no. 3 (October 1986): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/adx.5.3.27947637.

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Babcock, Paul. "Paralyzed by Prices: An Analysis of Price Theory within the Context of Health Care." Linacre Quarterly 86, no. 1 (February 2019): 89–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0024363919837861.

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This article examines the structure of pricing within health care. The price mechanism within health care does not function as it does in other sectors of the economy. The author examines the price theories of capitalism, socialism, and solidarism to illuminate the purpose of prices relevant to health care. Drawing points from each system, the author argues in favor of a solidarist approach to prices relying on principles set forth in Catholic social teaching, with the caveat that the capitalist natural price must first be determined. The unique features of healthcare pricing and prioritization indicate that moral principles must guide the economics of health care, not merely supply and demand. Summary: This article discusses the problems with creating useful prices in health care. It examines the price theories of capitalism, socialism, and solidarism to see which would be most useful for health care price formation.

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Lan, Lan, Qing He, Qiang Liu, and Xiao Tong Zhao. "Relationship between Dollar Exchange Rate, Monetary Liquidity and International Oil Price." Advanced Materials Research 773 (September 2013): 939–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.773.939.

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This paper provides an analysis on three variables based on observation and experiment: Brent oil prices, the dollar exchange rate and the dollar liquidity (M2), and verifies their interactions relations. The analysis shows that the Granger reason of Brent oil price is the dollar exchange rate and extends the Krugmans achievement. The concept of dollar liquidity (M2) illustrates the important role of oil price in global economic system. China should guide the oil price to a reasonable interval by making full use of the top of oil consumption status in the world.

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Zhang, Jian Hua, Fan Tao Kong, Jian Zhai Wu, Meng Shuai Zhu, Ke Xu, and Jia Jia Liu. "Tomato Prices Time Series Prediction Model Based on Wavelet Neural Network." Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (September 2014): 2636–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.2636.

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Accurate prediction of agricultural prices is beneficial to correctly guide the circulation of agricultural products and agricultural production and realize the equilibrium of supply and demand of agricultural area. On the basis of wavelet neural network, this paper, choosing tomato prices as study object, tomato retail price data from ten collection sites in Hebei province from January, 1st, 2013 to December, 30th, 2013 as samples, builds the tomato price time series prediction model to test price model. As the results show, model prediction error rate is less than 0.01, and the correlation (R2) of predicted value and actual value is 0.908, showing that the model could accurately predict tomatoes price movements. The establishment of the model will provide technical support for tomato market monitoring and early warning and references for related policies.

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Zhu, Meng Shuai, Jian Hua Zhang, Sheng Wei Wang, Jian Zhai Wu, Chen Shen, and Xiang Yang Zhou. "Statistical Analysis of Hainan Farmer Household Consumption Structure Based on Factor Analysis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (September 2014): 5580–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.5580.

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Accurate prediction of agricultural prices is beneficial to properly guide the circulation of agricultural products and agricultural production and realize the equilibrium of supply and demand of agricultural area. On the basis of wavelet neural network, this paper, choosing tomato prices as study object, tomato retail price data from ten collection sites in Hebei province from January 1, 2013 to December 30, 2013 as samples, builds the tomato price time series prediction model to test price model. As the results show, model prediction error rate is smaller than 0.01, and the correlation (R2) of predicted value and actual value is 0.908, showing that the model could accurately predict tomatoes price movements. The establishment of the model will provide technical support for tomato market monitoring and early warning and references for related policies.

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Holm-Dahlin, Sonja, Martin Andreas Olsen, Mads Bertelsen, Jonas Okkels Birk, and Kim Lefmann. "Optimization of Performance, Price, and Background of Long Neutron Guides for European Spallation Source." Quantum Beam Science 3, no. 3 (July 18, 2019): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/qubs3030016.

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We describe a systematic approach for the design of long, ballistic cold, and thermal neutron guides for the European Spallation Source (ESS). The guides investigated in this work are 170 m long and are required to have a narrowing point with room for a pulse shaping chopper placed 6 m from the moderator. In addition, most guides avoid line-of-sight from the moderator to the sample. The guides are optimized in order to find a reasonable trade-off between neutronics performance and construction price. The geometries simulated are closely related to the thermal-neutron multi-length-scale diffractometer HEIMDAL and the cold-neutron multi-analyser spectrometer BIFROST. For the cold-neutron guide an inexpensive solution was found that maintains good transport properties, while avoiding line-of-sight. However, for the thermal-neutron guide the losses when avoiding line-of-sight are large and it seems a good choice to stay in line-of-sight, even though this will increase both the shielding costs and fast-neutron background. The results are of general relevance for the understanding of the relation between transport, background, and price of long neutron guides.

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Berg, Sanford V., and Dennis L. Weisman. "A guide to cross- subsidization and price predation." Telecommunications Policy 16, no. 6 (August 1992): 447–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0308-5961(92)90069-2.

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Hanlon, M., and R. Zhang. "Price discrimination in essential medicines: evidence from International Drug Price Indicator Guide data." International Health 5, no. 1 (December 10, 2012): 58–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/inthealth/ihs006.

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Kaya, Ismail, and Joseph Buongiorno. "A Harvesting Guide for Uneven-Aged Northern Hardwood Stands1." Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 6, no. 1 (March 1, 1989): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/njaf/6.1.9.

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Abstract This paper describes a cutting guide for northern hardwoods designed to take into account the uncertain growth of forest stands and the fluctuations of product prices. It illustrates the potential for increasing markedly the returns from selectively cut northern hardwood stands. In this guide, the state of a stand is defined by the basal area per acre in pole timber, small sawmill timber, and large sawtimber. Given a particular stand state and price level, the guide suggests either doing nothing, or cutting the stand into another state. Under the assumptions made, the guide maximizes the net present value of returns over an infinite horizon. The suggested regime results in an average yield of 2.8 ft²/ac/yr of basal area, and a residual stocking of 114 ft²/ac. The average interval between cuts (cutting cycle) is 9 years. When a cut is made, it practically never includes pulpwood, but only large (15 in. +) sawtimber, and more seldom small (11 to 15 in.) sawtimber. Volumes cut vary from 1400 to 15,000 bf/ac depending on stand state and price level. Stand values obtained by applying the guide are much higher than those yielded by the traditional Lake States marking guide. They are also generally superior to those obtained with a deterministic optimization model. North. J. Appl. For. 6:9-14, March 1989.

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Sheng, Chunguang, Guangyu Wang, Yude Geng, and Lirong Chen. "The Correlation Analysis of Futures Pricing Mechanism in China’s Carbon Financial Market." Sustainability 12, no. 18 (September 7, 2020): 7317. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12187317.

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China, taking the concept of sustainable development as the premise, puts forward Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDC) to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions in response to climate change. In this context, with the purpose of seeking solutions to a carbon financial market pricing mechanism to build China’s carbon finance market actively and thus achieving the goal of sustainable development, this paper, based on the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model, established a carbon price prediction model for the carbon financial market, and studied the relationship between Certified Emission Reduction (CER) futures prices and spot prices, as well as the relationship between European Union allowances (EUA) futures prices and CER futures prices in an empirical manner. In this paper, EUA and CER futures prices of the European Climate Exchange (ECX) and EUA and CER spot prices of the BlueNext Environmental Exchange were selected as research objects. Granger causality test, co-integration test, and ECM were used to form a progressive econometric analysis framework. The results show that firstly, the ARIMA model can effectively predict carbon futures prices; secondly, CER futures prices cannot guide spot price, and the futures pricing function does not play a role in this market; thirdly, EUA futures price can, in the short term, effectively guide the trend of CER futures prices, with the futures pricing function between the two markets. In the long run, however, the future pricing function of the two markets is not obvious. Therefore, great differences among maturity of the two markets, degree of policy influence, and market share lead to the failure of long-run futures pricing functions.

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Chen, Hong, Zhongsheng He, Wei Hong, and Jinfu Liu. "An Assessment of Stumpage Price and the Price Index of Chinese Fir Timber Forests in Southern China Using a Hedonic Price Model." Forests 11, no. 4 (April 12, 2020): 436. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11040436.

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Research Highlights: Stumpage price is the most important factor affecting the value of forests. Therefore, an understanding of the factors affecting stumpage prices and trends is critical for effective forest management. Background and Objectives: Chinese fir is the most important fast-growing timber species in China, it is also the tree species with the largest trading volume in the stumpage markets of Southern China. The aim of this study was to analyze the determinants and trends of stumpage prices for Chinese fir timber forests. Materials and Methods: Data on 928 sales of Chinese fir timber forests transacted between 2007 and 2016 were gathered from the stumpage markets in Southern China. We analyzed the relationship between stumpage prices and sales characteristics using the hedonic price method (HPM) and measured the stumpage price index with a dummy time hedonic index. Results: (1) The double logarithmic form of the HPM yielded a more accurate estimate than the semi logarithmic form. The R2ad values in the nine annual prediction models were all above 80%. Stock volume made the greatest contribution to stumpage price, followed by stand age. Stand area had no significant impact on the stumpage price. (2) Stumpage prices of Chinese fir timber forests fluctuated greatly, especially in 2010 and 2015 when the sequential price indexes were 180.01% and 74.95%, respectively. Taking 2007 as the baseline, we calculated the base price index in 2016 to be 197%, with an average annual growth rate of 7.82%. (3) The stumpage market was associated with a higher degree of risk than the timber market. Conclusions: Our findings provide valuable inputs that can guide and facilitate the Chinese government’s efforts to optimize resource allocation and standardize the stumpage market.

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Dubois, Christophe, Marion Tharrey, and Nicole Darmon. "Identifying foods with good nutritional quality and price for the Opticourses intervention research project." Public Health Nutrition 20, no. 17 (September 14, 2017): 3051–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980017002282.

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AbstractObjectivePeople on a limited budget want to know the ‘good price’ of foods. Here we report the methodology used to produce an educational tool designed to help recognize foods with good nutritional quality and price, and assess the validity and relevancy of the tool.DesignA ‘Good Price Booklet’ presenting a list of foods with good nutritional quality and price was constructed. The validity of the in-booklet prices was assessed by comparing them with prices actually paid by households from the Opticourses project. The relevancy of the booklet tool was assessed by semi-structured interviews with Opticourses participants.SettingSocio-economically disadvantaged neighbourhoods of Marseille, France.SubjectsNinety-one participants collected household food-purchase receipts over a 1-month period.ResultsBased on the French food database, foods with higher-than-median nutritional quality were identified. After grouping similar foods, 100 foods were selected and their corresponding in-booklet prices were derived based on the distribution of average national prices by food group. Household food purchases data revealed that of the 2386 purchases of foods listed in the booklet, 67·1 % were bought at prices lower than the in-booklet prices. Nineteen semi-structured interviews showed that participants understood the tool and most continued using it more than a month after the intervention.ConclusionsA method was developed to ease the identification of foods with good nutritional quality and price. The Good Price Booklet is an effective tool to help guide people shopping on a low budget.

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Kumar, Rahul, Narendra Kumar, Akhlaque Ahmad, Manoj Kumar, Rajendra Nath, Rakesh Kumar Dixit, and Sarvesh Singh. "Cost comparison of antihypertensive drugs available in India with Drugs Prices Control Order price list." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 7, no. 1 (December 26, 2018): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20185124.

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Background: DPCO (Drugs Prices Control Order) price list is issued by NPPA (National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority) each year to guide the pharmaceuticals companies for controlling the prices in India. Some drugs cost more than the DPCO list. As antihypertensive drugs are taken lifelong once diagnosis is made, price variation and costing above prescribed price cause a huge economic burden on such patients. This study was undertaken to know the number of antihypertensive drugs brands with price above the recommended DPCO price list 2017.Methods: Authors have collected the data from website medguideindia.com, CIMS (current index of medical specialties), Drug Today, and compared the listed antihypertensive drugs of various available brands in India with DPCO price list 2017. Data was entered in Microsoft excel 2010. Percentage of selling price above the DPCO price list was calculated for each drug.Results: The data of 30 formulations of 16 antihypertensive drugs was analysed. The total number of available brands of all formulations was 1365 out of which only 831 (60.88%) brands were found to have price <DPCO recommended list. 534 (39.12%) brands had price more than the recommended limit. The minimum violation of price limit was found in case of metoprolol 25mg (6.66%) and maximum price violation was observed with spironolactone 25mg and sodium nitroprusside inj 10mg/ml.Conclusions: Reassessment and monitoring for implementation of DPCO price list should be done as still large number of brands are not following the regulations and are violating the limit set by NPPA/DPCO.

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Sethuraman, Raj. "A Model of how Discounting High-Priced Brands Affects the Sales of Low-Priced Brands." Journal of Marketing Research 33, no. 4 (November 1996): 399–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002224379603300402.

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Drawing on a consumer preference distribution structure postulated in analytical modeling research, the author develops a Separate Effects Model that separates the total discount effect of a competing high-priced brand on the sales of the focal low-priced brand into discount effect in the region where price of the competing brand is (1) above the price of the focal brand, (2) equal to the price of the focal brand, and (3) below the price of the focal brand. The author applies the model to store-level data on fabric softener and illustrates the steps involved in the estimation and usefulness of model results. In particular, he shows that the Separate Effects Model can (1) identify the source of the discount effect observed in the conventional model, (2) uncover discount effects not detected in the conventional model, and (3) guide managers’ decisions related to discount sizes and provide some insights about brand strength. An interesting substantive finding from the empirical analysis is that the leading national brand can draw sales from competing brands without reducing its price below the price of the other brands.

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Shankar, PathiyilRavi. "The international drug price indicator guide: An objective source of information about medicine prices." Indian Journal of Pharmacology 46, no. 6 (2014): 662. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0253-7613.144949.

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Lott, John R., and Russell D. Roberts. "A GUIDE TO THE PITFALLS OF IDENTIFYING PRICE DISCRIMINATION." Economic Inquiry 29, no. 1 (January 1991): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-7295.1991.tb01249.x.

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Quealy-Gainer, Kate. "The Price Guide to the Occult by Leslye Walton." Bulletin of the Center for Children's Books 71, no. 7 (2018): 311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bcc.2018.0221.

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Saville, Adrian. "Using an inflation-augmented price-earnings ratio to guide tactical asset allocation." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 12, no. 2 (August 22, 2011): 211–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v12i2.277.

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Asset allocation plays a central role in determining investment outcomes, and available evidence shows that portfolio results can be enhanced through tactical asset allocation if managers use the simple price-earnings ratio as a predictor of equity returns. Recently, some international evidence has emerged which shows that, by augmenting the price-earnings metric with information about consumer price inflation, further enhancements can be achieved in tactical asset allocation. This study reviews these arguments as they apply to South Africa, and finds that an inflation-augmented price-earnings ratio is more successful in forecasting equity returns than is the simple price-earnings ratio. Moreover, the metric is found to be significant in explaining relative asset class returns. On a risk-adjusted basis, however, the tool fails to improve the portfolio results when compared to a buy-and-hold strategy.

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Saville, Adrian. "Using an inflation-augmented price-earnings ratio to guide tactical asset allocation." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 12, no. 4 (April 26, 2011): 412–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v12i4.186.

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Asset allocation plays a central role in determining investment outcomes, and available evidence shows that portfolio results can be enhanced through tactical asset allocation if managers use the simple price-earnings ratio as a predictor of equity returns. Recently, some international evidence has emerged which shows that, by augmenting the price-earnings metric with information about consumer price inflation, further enhancements can be achieved in tactical asset allocation. This study reviews these arguments as they apply to South Africa, and finds that an inflation-augmented price-earnings ratio is more successful in forecasting equity returns than is the simple price-earnings ratio. Moreover, the metric is found to be significant in explaining relative asset class returns. On a risk-adjusted basis, however, the tool fails to improve the portfolio results when compared to a buy-and-hold strategy.

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Silfverberg, Hans. "Review: Entomology: a guide to information sources." Entomologica Fennica 2, no. 3 (September 1, 1991): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.33338/ef.83548.

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L. Hor, W., W. X. Goh, and S. H. Ow. "Impact of News Sentiment Analysis on Market Price Movement During the Dividend Period." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.11 (October 2, 2018): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.11.20795.

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This study presents development of a system for analysing the polarity of stock market news to guide traders in making better decision when buying, selling or holding stocks during the dividend period. It will also help traders by reducing the risk of making inaccurate decision in trading. Trusted and reliable data such as dividend news, daily share market price, company news and announcements from Bursa Malaysia and The Edge Market will be used for performing news sentiment analysis using Azure Text Analytics. The results show that company news and announcements do not have significant effect on the Malaysia stock prices as the prices move within the range of 0-1%, which is the benchmark of the normal range of daily price movement.

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B., Kiran, Kala P., Chitra N. S., and Jamuna Rani R. "Comparison of different brands of centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxants: a cost analysis study." International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 8, no. 6 (May 23, 2019): 1419. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20192213.

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Background: Skeletal muscle relaxants are structurally distinct drugs prescribed for reducing muscle spasms, pain, and hyperreflexia. Centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxants are manufactured by various pharmaceutical companies with variable price. The present study, aimed to analyze the cost variation of various brands of centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxants, so as to help the physician to choose the cost effective treatment.Methods: Current index of medical stores (CIMS) April 2018 and online literature were used as information guide to review the prices of drugs used in the treatment of musculo skeletal pain and spastic neurological disorders.Results: Among anti spasmodic group, thiocolchicoside 4 mg shows maximum price variation of 337.5%, whereas carisoprodol 350 mg shows the least variation of 0.1%. It is evident from antispastic group that baclofen 10 mg shows maximum price variation of 93.91% and 5 mg of Baclofen shows the least variation of 11.22%. It is observed that, among anti spastic group, a percentage prize variation of 93.91 for 10 mg and 11.22 for 5 mg baclofen. Largest % prize variation is seen in metaxalone + diclofenac sodium (400+50) mg as 525% and the least variation is observed in tolperisone+ paracetamol (150+325) mg as 3.88%.Conclusions: Centrally acting orally effective skeletal muscle relaxants are commonly prescribed for painful musculoskeletal and spastic neurological disorders. Physicians should give due importance for the cost of the drugs while selecting appropriate drug for musculo skeletal disorders.

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Wu, Jianhui, Yuanfa Ji, Xiyan Sun, and Yan Xu. "Price Regulation Mechanism of Travelers’ Travel Mode Choice in the Driverless Transportation Network." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2020 (May 28, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9191834.

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To study the guidance method of driverless travel mode choice from the perspective of traffic supply-demand, we assume that all vehicles are driverless and establish a multimodal travel market model to depict the supply-demand relationship of multimodal driverless transportation network. To regulate the disequilibrium multimodal travel market, an optimal price regulation law is proposed, which aims to minimize the supply-demand deviation and the amplitude of price regulation. Then, the existence, uniqueness, and stability of the optimal price regulation law are confirmed. In the calculation process of a numerical example, the travel prices of driverless car and driverless subway are realized by congestion fee and subway fare, respectively. The results indicate that the optimal price regulation law can reduce the supply-demand deviation of the multimodal travel market and guide travelers to choose a reasonable travel mode to travel in the driverless transportation network.

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Wood, Danielle, and Kym Anderson. "What Determines the Future Value of an Icon Wine? New Evidence from Australia." Journal of Wine Economics 1, no. 2 (2006): 141–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1931436100000171.

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AbstractTo what extent can the future price of icon wines be anticipated from information available at the time of their initial sale by wineries? Using a seemingly unrelated regression model we show that weather variables and changes in production techniques, along with the age of the wine, have significant power in explaining the secondary market price variation across different vintages of each of three icon Australian red wines. The results have implications for winemakers in determining the prices they pay for grapes and charge for their wines, and for consumers/wine investors as a guide to the prospective quality of immature icon wines. (JEL codes: C23, D12, D44, D80, G12)

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Zhao, Guang Zhong, Shu Ping He, Wei Zhang, and Jian Nan WU. "Research and Application of Mobile Internet Technology in Power." Advanced Materials Research 986-987 (July 2014): 2148–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.986-987.2148.

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Based on mobile Internet technology applications, Customers access ladder price electricity price standard, the implementation, such as power charge information. Change the way traditional electricity propaganda, tips, rich ladder price electricity price means of propaganda, tips. Improve the enforcement ladder price electricity price propaganda, strengthen the publicity and guide ladder price electricity price, improve the various circles of society to the understanding and awareness of the residents ladder price electricity price policy. Tariff and other policies to promote in the future suggesting that provides technical application support for the implementation of the price ladder policy to create a good atmosphere.

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Lawal, Adedoyin I., Russel O. C. Somoye, and Abiola A. Babajide. "Impact of Oil Price Shocks and Exchange Rate Volatility on Stock Market Behavior in Nigeria." Binus Business Review 7, no. 2 (September 28, 2016): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/bbr.v7i2.1453.

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The impact of exchange rate and oil prices fluctuation on the stock market has been a subject of hot debate among researchers. This study examined the impact of both the exchange rate volatility and oil price volatility on stock market volatility in Nigeria, so as to guide policy formulation based on the fact that the nation’s economy was foreign induced and mono-cultured with heavy dependence on oil. EGARCH estimation techniques were employed to examine if either the volatility in exchange rate, oil price volatility or both experts on stock market volatility in Nigeria. The result shows that share price volatility is induced by both the exchange rate volatility and oil price volatility. Thus, it is recommended that policymakers should pursue policies that tend to stabilize the exchange rate regime on the one hand, and guarantee the net oil exporting position for the economy, that market practitioners should formulate portfolio strategies in such a way that volatility in both exchange rates and oil price will be factored in time when investment decisions are being made.

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Whittington, Christine A. "FINE ART: IDENTIFICATION AND PRICE GUIDE (Second Edition). Susan Theran." Art Documentation: Journal of the Art Libraries Society of North America 12, no. 1 (April 1993): 28–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/adx.12.1.27948516.

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Gorbach, Oliver Gregor, Noha Saad Hussein, and Jessica Thomsen. "Impact of Internal Carbon Prices on the Energy System of an Organisation’s Facilities in Germany, Japan and the United Kingdom Compared to Potential External Carbon Prices." Energies 14, no. 14 (July 6, 2021): 4094. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14144094.

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Organisations attempt to contribute their share towards fighting the climate crisis by trying to reduce their emission of greenhouse gases effectively towards net zero. An instrument to guide their reduction efforts is internal carbon pricing. Next to choosing the right pricing tool, defining the exact value of an internal carbon price, especially against the background of potential regulatory external carbon prices, and assessing its impact on business units’ energy systems poses a challenge for organisations. The academic literature has so far not examined the impact differences of an internal carbon price across different countries, which this paper addresses by using an optimisation model. First, it analyses the energy system cost increase of a real-world facility based on an internal carbon price compared to a potential regulatory carbon price within a country. Second, we evaluate the energy system cost increase based on an internal carbon price across different countries. The results show that with regard to internal carbon prices the additional total system cost compared to potential external carbon prices stays within 9%, 15%, and 59% for Germany, Japan, and the United Kingdom, respectively. The increase in the energy system cost in each country varies between 3% and 93%. For all countries, the cost differences can be reduced by allowing the installation of renewables. The integration of renewables via energy storage and power-to-heat technologies depends on the renewable potentials and the availability of carbon capture and storage. If organisations do not account for these differences, it might raise the disapproval of internal carbon prices within the organisation.

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Li, Hongye. "Related Research on News Sentiment Tendency and Stock Price Fluctuation." E3S Web of Conferences 214 (2020): 03001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021403001.

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In recent years, with further development of the Internet and artificial intelligence, the research on using news sentiments, and then predicting investor behavior has become more feasible. Based on the news information obtained from the Internet, this article analyzes the investor ‘s emotions about the news, further predicts the behavior of investors, and then the rise and fall of investment asset prices. We use news sentiment tendency and stock price of listed companies to analyze whether the news sentiment really affects the stock price and the degree of its influence. The research results of the thesis are divided into two parts: (1) A CNN neural network capable of analyzing news that may have an impact on stock prices in the near future is designed and trained to obtain a timely response and form a simulated investment decision for investors to adjust the investment strategy timely; (2) Combined with the economic indicators, this article uses the LSTM neural network to comprehensively investigate whether the emotional tendency of the news has a significant impact on the stock price. This article draws four kinds of images, which can test the accuracy of the model from different angles and guide consumers’ investment.

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Yollanda, Mutia, Dodi Devianto, and Putri Permathasari. "Modeling of Indonesia Composite Index using Artificial Neural Network and Multivariate Adaptive Regression Spline." Jurnal Matematika "MANTIK" 5, no. 2 (October 27, 2019): 112–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15642/mantik.2019.5.2.112-122.

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The Indonesian Composite Stock Price Index is an indicator of changes in stock prices are a guide for investors to invest in reducing risk. Fluctuations in stock data tend to violate the assumptions of normality, homoscedasticity, autocorrelation, and multicollinearity. This problem can be overcome by modelling the Composite Stock Price Index uses an artificial neural network (ANN) and multivariate adaptive regression spline (MARS). In this study, the time-series data from the Composite Stock Price Index starting in April 2003 to March 2018 with its predictor variables are crude oil prices, interest rates, inflation, exchange rates, gold prices, Down Jones, and Nikkei 225. Based on the coefficient of determination, the determination coefficient of ANN is 0.98925, and the MARS determination coefficient is 0.99427. While based on the MAPE value, MAPE value of ANN was obtained, namely 6.16383 and MAPE value of MARS, which was 4.51372. This means that the ANN method and the good MARS method are used to forecast the value of the Indonesian Composite Stock Index in the future, but the MARS method shows the accuracy of the model is slightly better than ANN.

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Ongarora, Karumbi, Minnaard, Abuga, Okungu, and Kibwage. "Medicine Prices, Availability, and Affordability in Private Health Facilities in Low-Income Settlements in Nairobi County, Kenya." Pharmacy 7, no. 2 (April 24, 2019): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy7020040.

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Medicine prices are a major determinant of access to healthcare. Owing to low availability of medicines in the public health facilities and poor accessibility to these facilities, most low-income residents pay out-of-pocket for health services and transport to the private health facilities. In low-income settlements, high retail prices are likely to push the population further into poverty and ill health. This study assessed the retail pricing, availability, and affordability of medicines in private health facilities in low-income settlements within Nairobi County. Medicine prices and availability data were collected between September and December 2016 at 45 private healthcare facilities in 14 of Nairobi’s low-income settlements using electronic questionnaires. The International Medical Products Price Guide provided international medicine reference prices for comparison. Affordability and availability proxies were calculated according to existing methods. Innovator brands were 13.8 times more expensive than generic brands. The lowest priced generics and innovator brands were, on average, sold at 2.9 and 32.6 times the median international reference prices of corresponding medicines. Assuming a 100% disposable income, it would take 0.03 to 1.33 days’ wages for the lowest paid government employee to pay for treatment courses of selected single generic medicines. Medicine availability in the facilities ranged between 2% and 76% (mean 43%) for indicator medicines. Prices of selected medicines varied within the 14 study regions. Retail medicine prices in the low-income settlements studied were generally higher than corresponding international reference prices. Price variations were observed across different regions although the regions comprise similar socioeconomic populations. These factors are likely to impact negatively on healthcare access.

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Yu, Hai Jie, Sheng Su, and Qian Wei Ma. "Ecological Industry Chain Project Decision Study Based on Price View." Advanced Materials Research 664 (February 2013): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.664.3.

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Ecological industry were qualitatively and quantitatively studied from the price perspective in this paper, because price study before it comes into being is more important than after it happened. We proposed that price should guide and constrain people’s choices. Then chose four subsystems: economic, social, environmental, energy, constructed price and interest evaluation indexes systems, used analytic hierarchy process, quantitatively analyzed interest and price of enterprise’s project based on experts' experience, gave every index weight. At last, accounting to price and interest of different project, made decision of enterprise.

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Peón, David, Manel Antelo, and Anxo Calvo. "A guide on empirical tests of the EMH." Review of Accounting and Finance 18, no. 2 (May 13, 2019): 268–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/raf-02-2016-0031.

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Purpose The efficient market hypothesis (EMH) states that asset prices in financial markets always reflect all available information about economic fundamentals. The purpose of this paper is to provide a guide as to which predictions of the EMH seem to be borne out by empirical evidence. Design/methodology/approach Rather than following the classic three groups of tests for the different forms of EMH that are common in the literature, the authors consider how the two alternative definitions of the EMH and the joint hypothesis problem impact on the tests and leave the controversy unsolved. The authors briefly report the antecedents, the main theoretical and empirical contributions and recent literature on each type of tests. Findings Eventually, as a summary for each type of tests, the authors provide a critical view on the main sources of acrimony between the alternative schools of thought in understanding asset price formation. Originality/value The paper may be seen as an up-to-date introductory review for researchers on the different tests of the EMH performed, and for newcomers to understand the key sources of acrimony between rationalists and behaviorists.

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TURNER, A. J. "THE ARCHIVES OF DEREK PRICE IN THE MDIATHQUE SPCIALIS EN HISTOIRE DES SCIENCES, CIT DES SCIENCES ET DE L'INDUSTRIE AT LA VILLETTE IN PARIS." Nuncius 16, no. 2 (2001): 747–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/182539101x00677.

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Gagnon, Etienne, Benjamin R. Mandel, and Robert J. Vigfusson. "The Hitchhiker's Guide to Missing Import Price Changes and Pass-through." International Finance Discussion Paper 2012, no. 1040 (January 2012): 1–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.17016/ifdp.2012.1040.

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Herman, Douglas A., and Shawn W. Ulrick. "Measuring price dynamics: A guide to understanding payer-physician claims data." Journal of Economic and Social Measurement 37, no. 3 (December 12, 2012): 197–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jem-2012-0356.

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Price, Rebecca. "The Alert Collector: Dark Tourism: A Guide to Resources." Reference & User Services Quarterly 57, no. 2 (December 28, 2017): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/rusq.57.2.6525.

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When I began receiving topic ideas for the Alert Collector column in 2016, Rebecca Price’s submission for a column on “dark tourism” caught my attention, mostly because of its novelty. I had a sense of what the topic entailed, and it turns out to be even more fascinating than I suspected. Why do some people like to visit the sites of tragedies? What is the attraction of ghost tours? Why are memorials popular destinations for tourists? This relatively new field of dark tourism crosses into many different disciplines, as you will see in the column that follows. While not all librarians may be rushing to create collections around this topic, the items may fill other collection needs in sociology, anthropology, and other areas. Price is an adjunct research and instruction librarian at Duquesne University and a doctoral candidate in social and comparative analysis at the University of Pittsburgh. As a member of a University of Pittsburgh research team studying children’s experiences at dark sites, Price has published several peer-reviewed articles about dark tourism.—Editor

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Baiyegunhi, Lloyd, Stanley Sharaunga, Sphelele Dlangisa, and Nonkhululeko Ndaba. "TOMATO MARKET INTEGRATION: A CASE STUDY OF THE DURBAN AND JOHANNESBURG FRESH PRODUCE MARKETS IN SOUTH AFRICA." Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development 49, no. 3 (October 12, 2018): 239–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.17306/j.jard.2018.00419.

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In a market-driven economy, price indicators guide and regulate production, consumption and marketing decisions over time, form and place. Identifying the causes of price differentials across markets is important for understanding markets. This study analyzes the market price integration of tomato in Durban and Johannesburg fresh produce markets in South Africa, using secondary monthly time series of wholesale price data for the period 2008–2012. Cointegration was tested using the Augmented Engle-Granger (AEG) test, while the direction of causality between Johannesburg and Durban prices was tested using the error correction model (ECM). The results showed that the two markets were integrated. Furthermore, the results also revealed that following a shock to the market that causes disequilibrium, economic agents take about a month to adjust back to equilibrium; the response to the shock is faster in the Durban market than in the Johannesburg market. The high degree of market integration suggests that the South African fresh produce market is quite competitive and provides little justification for government intervention designed to improve competitiveness or to enhance market efficiency. Policy implications for an improved and effective tomato marketing program were also discussed.

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Arya, Anil, Brian Mittendorf, and Ram N. V. Ramanan. "Synergy between Accounting Disclosures and Forward-Looking Information in Stock Prices." Accounting Review 92, no. 2 (July 1, 2016): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr-51527.

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ABSTRACT It is well recognized that stock prices provide relevant feedback that can guide future firm decisions. This paper develops a model to examine how accounting disclosures affect the decision-usefulness of such stock market reactions. We demonstrate that information in accounting reports can prove useful because it helps observers better interpret and isolate the decision-relevant information embedded in the ensuing stock price reaction. This leads to natural synergies between accounting reports and stock prices in directing firm strategies—the more forward-looking information that can potentially be gleaned from stock prices, the more the firm will invest in improving precision of accounting disclosures even when such disclosures pertain to unrelated current activities.

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Rathore, Ankur Kumar. "Behaviour of Prices of Groundnut in Northern Hills of Chhattisgarh." Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Biosciences 9, no. 3 (June 30, 2021): 140–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2582-2845.8673.

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This study attempted to guide the farmers and planners for reliable and specific information concerning the prices of Groundnut in the Northern Hills agro-climatic zone of Chhattisgarh. The time series data of prices was taken monthly from January, 2010 to March, 2021 (135 months) and it was used to forecast the prices for upcoming 24 months i.e. April, 2021 to March, 2023. The time trend analysis of prices of groundnut were found sharpely increasing over the study period. The price remains almost similar over the year as indicated by seasonal indices. On the basis of lowest MAE, MAPE, RMSE and AIC, out of the seasonal ARIMA models we got, ARIMA (1,1,1) (0,0,2) [12] was best identified fitted model for predicting prices of Groundnut. The data analysis is done by using R ().

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Duckett, Bob. "Jewellery Reference and Price Guide 2nd edition2000429Michael Poynder; prices revised by Michele Rowan. Jewellery Reference and Price Guide 2nd edition. Woodbridge, Suffolk: Antique Collectors’ Club 2000. 359 pp, ISBN: 1 85149 309 3 £35.00." Reference Reviews 14, no. 8 (August 2000): 43–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rr.2000.14.8.43.429.

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Harrison, David. "Lyle Antiques Price Guide 1999 29th edition9951Tony Curtis. Lyle Antiques Price Guide 1999 29th edition. London: Ebury Press 1998. 864 pp, ISBN: 0 09 186569 7 £19.99." Reference Reviews 13, no. 1 (January 1999): 40–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rr.1999.13.1.40.51.

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Zhu, Lian Yi, Zhi Zhao, Ji Jing Shi, and Xue Fei Yan. "Residents Stepped Increasing Price Regulation Model Design." Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (September 2014): 5627–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.5627.

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Due to the electric commodity has universal service obligation, the existence of cross subsidy is reasonable. But as the resident demand increasing highly, the range of cross subsidy is expanding which result in unfairness between different residents. In order to encourage residents using electricity reasonably, frugally, fairly and environment-friendly, appropriate method should be implemented as a guide. The paper discusses the necessity of the stepped increasing electricity price and suggests a new idea that retain the peak-valley price while implement the step price. According to analysis, the model can not only recover the distribution company costs but also effectively play the electricity price adjustment demand leverage, which greatly promote the energy conservation, environmental protection and social harmony.

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Tanius, Gerry Immanuel, and Rosita Widjojo. "The Influence of Price/Earning Ratio (PER), Price to Book Ratio (PBR) and Price to Sales Ratio (PSR) on Net Asset Value (NAV) in Sharia Equity Fund." Jurnal Manajemen dan Bisnis Indonesia 6, no. 1 (October 1, 2018): 91–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.31843/jmbi.v6i1.185.

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From many kinds of investment in Indonesian capital markets, a mutual fund is one of the instrument to be discussed. Within a short time, the mutual fund gives a significant influence to the Indonesian capital markets. A mutual fund is one of the alternatives for the investors, especially for small investors or for the investor that does not want to meet high risk. In the growing of Indonesian capital markets, the net asset value (NAV) of the mutual fund should be increasing, and the increase of the NAV proves it. The sharia equity fund is no different. As an alternative investment, the sharia mutual fund in Indonesia is growing; however, it does not seem attractive to the investor, reflected by the small weighting from the mutual fund industry. The reason why investors are reluctant to invest in sharia equity fund is the volatility, compared to the conventional equity fund. To guide investors and to attract investment in sharia equity funds, some indicators can be used, such as PER, PBR and PSR. This study will use these indicators as the independent variables: PER (X1), PBR (X2) and PSR (X3) on the Net Asset Value (NAV) as the dependent variable (Y) in sharia equity fund using the Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) data. In this research, the researcher uses a quantitative method using secondary data. The results show that there is a significant influence of PER, PBV and PSR on NAV in sharia equity funds. As a consequence, PER, PBR and PSR can guide investors’ decisions to invest in sharia mutual fund. Keywords: PER, PBR, PSR, NAV, sharia mutual fund

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BURTNYAK, IVAN, and ANNA MALYTSKA. "CEV MODEL WITH STOCHASTIC VOLATILITY." Journal of Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University 6, no. 3-4 (December 20, 2019): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/jpnu.6.3-4.22-28.

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This paper develops a systematic method for calculating approximate prices for a wide range of securities implying the tools of spectral analysis, singular and regular perturbation theory. Price options depend on stochastic volatility, which may be multiscale, in the sense that it may be driven by one fast-varying and one slow-varying factor. The found the approximate price of two-barrier options with multifactor volatility as a schedule for own functions. The theorem of estimation of accuracy of approximation of option prices is established. Explicit formulas have been found for finding the value of derivatives based on the development of eigenfunctions and eigenvalues of self-adjoint operators using boundary-value problems for singular and regular perturbations. This article develops a general method of obtaining a guide price for a broad class of securities. A general theory of derivative valuation of options generated by diffusion processes is developed. The algorithm of calculating the approximate price is given. The accuracy of the estimates is established. The theory developed is applied to a diffusion operator, which is decomposed by eigenfunctions and eigenvalues. The purpose of the article is to develop an algorithm for finding the approximate price of two-barrier options and to find explicit formulas for finding the value of derivatives based on the development of self-functions and eigenvalues of self-adjoint operators using boundary-value problems for singular and regular perturbations. Price finding is reduced to the problem solving of eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of a certain equation. The main advantage of our pricing methodology is that, by combining methods in spectral theory, regular perturbation theory, and singular perturbation theory, we reduce everything to equations to find eigenfunctions and eigenvalues.

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Ponížil, Antonín, Ladislav Zeman, and Petr Mareš. "The efficiency of feed pea and faba beans usage in feed mixture for pigs." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 56, no. 4 (2008): 265–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun200856040265.

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The agricultural company which produces the feeding mixtures endeavor to substitute a part of the feeding dose of soybean meal (content of crude protein: 48 %; below as SBM48) by peas and faba beans coming from the own production with the respect to the economic preferability. Peas are favorable to include into the feeding mixtures when the price of SBM48 overcomes 7.50 CZK / kg, while faba beans by the price of SBM48 higher than 11.40 CZK. By the current prices of feeding cereals (at the beginning of 2008) the level of the cost-effectiveness of breeding and fattening in pigs is 38.20 CZK / kg. The integration of peas into the feeding mixtures the level of the cost-effectiveness decreases to 37.20 CZK / kg of the live animal weight at the slaughter stage. The work also evaluates the economical profit in relevance of market price of final product (pigs in body weight of 108 kg). By the end of 2008 was this price at level of 34.00 CZK / kg of body weight. The cost for feedstuffs was 17.00 CZK and the total costs for pig production in case using of self-made feedstuffs was 27.50 CZK / kg. That is way the economical profit could be 6.50 CZK per kilogram of body weight or the lost of 4.20 CZK could be in case of calculation of feeds market prices. This lost can be decreased by compounding of pea into feed mixture. In the work we determined the economical limitation for pea or faba bean usage and can be a guide for agriculture economist to make decisions in accordance with the market price of different sources of crude protein.

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Bradic-Martinovic, Aleksandra. "Stock market prediction using technical analysis." Ekonomski anali 51, no. 170 (2006): 125–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/eka0670125b.

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Technical analysis (TA) is a form of analyzing market encompassing supply and demand of securities according to the study of their prices and trading volume. Using the appropriate methods, TA aims to identify price movements in the stock market, futures or currencies. In short, TA analysis is the process by which "future price movements are formulated according to the price history". TA originates from the work of Charles Dow and his conclusions about the global behavior of the market, as well as from Elliot Wave Theory. Dow did not regard its theory as a tool for stock market movement prediction, nor as a guide for investors, but as a kind of barometer of general market movements. The term TA methods encompasses all the methods used in tracking prices aiming to clearly predict future events. Many different methods, mainly statistical, are used in technical analysis, the most popular ones being: establishing and following trends using moving average, recognizing price momentum, calculating indicators and oscillators, as well as cycle analysis (structure indicators). It is also necessary to point out that TA is not a science in the true meaning of the term, and that methods it uses frequently deviate from the conventional manner of their use. The main advantage of these methods is their relative ease of use, aiming to give as clear picture as possible of price movements, while at the same time avoiding the use of complicated and complex mathematical methods. The reason for this is simple and is reflected in the dynamics of financial markets, where changes occur during short periods of time and where prompt decision-making is of vital importance.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Guide Price'

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