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1
De Boeck, Joan, Lode Vanacken, Sofie Notelaers, and Karin Coninx. "Improved Haptic Linear Lines for Better Movement Accuracy in Upper Limb Rehabilitation." Advances in Human-Computer Interaction 2012 (2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/162868.
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Force feedback has proven to be beneficial in the domain of robot-assisted rehabilitation. According to the patients' personal needs, the generated forces may either be used to assist, support, or oppose their movements. In our current research project, we focus onto the upper limb training for MS (multiple sclerosis) and CVA (cerebrovascular accident) patients, in which a basic building block to implement many rehabilitation exercises was found. This building block is a haptic linear path: a second-order continuous path, defined by a list of points in space. Earlier, different attempts have been investigated to realize haptic linear paths. In order to have a good training quality, it is important that the haptic simulation is continuous up to the second derivative while the patient is enforced to follow the path tightly, even when low or no guiding forces are provided. In this paper, we describe our best solution to these haptic linear paths, discuss the weaknesses found in practice, and propose and validate an improvement.
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Fei, Bixiao. "Analytical Solution of Electromagnetic Force Lines in Rectangular Wave Guides for Transverse Electric Waves." Applied and Computational Engineering 105, no. 1 (2024): 110–16. https://doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/2024.tj17855.
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The analytical solution of the electromagnetic field lines was derived, providing a foundation for generalizing conclusions and forming a coherent set of equations to describe the dynamics of electromagnetic waves. By applying Maxwell's equations, this paper analyzed the rectangular waveguide model, focusing on the guiding effect of the passive region on the propagation of electromagnetic waves. Additionally, the Helmholtz equation was used to describe the behavior of electromagnetic fields within the passive guided wave system. Through the analytical solution of the field lines, the distribution of electromagnetic forces could be determined through integration calculations. To enhance the understanding of these concepts, this paper utilized Python programming to simulate electromagnetic force lines, providing a visual representation of the discussed theories. This simulation not only deepened the understanding of electromagnetic principles but also demonstrated their importance in practical applications, contributing to the field of electromagnetism research. The results of the study emphasize the significance of analytical solutions in understanding electromagnetic phenomena and provide valuable insights for future research in related fields.
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Wu, Zhi Qiang, Yong Li Hu, and Yan Ping Lei. "Analysis of the Frame Structure’s Force due to Subway Excavation with Different Horizontal Distance." Applied Mechanics and Materials 170-173 (May 2012): 1437–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.170-173.1437.
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With large-scale construction of subway lines, the influence of subway excavation to the frame structure has been an common problem to be solved. Finite element software was used to create three-dimensional model of the subway with different horizontal distance to the frame structure, and variation of frame structure’s bending moment, axial force, shearing force caused by subway excavation is obtained to analyze. The results will enable engineering staff to have a more comprehensive understanding on this issue, and provide guiding significance for solving similar engineering problems to some extent.
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Andri, Petrushevski, and Us Victoriia. "Computer Algorithm for Creation Classic Mosaic Fillings Based on the Vector Guide Lines." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) 9, no. 3 (2020): 834–39. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.C5279.029320.
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The article suggests algorithms for filling mosaic surfaces. Today, there are a number of algorithms that use the software design environment to automate the creation of images that correspond to mosaic compositions based on raster images. However, they do not allow realizing the principles of the classical construction of mosaic works, which guide professional mosaics. In this case, the main task is the problem of optimizing the filling of space from a mathematical point of view. From the point of view of the artist, this is not the main problem, moreover, the distance between the parts of the mosaic can vary, act as an artistic element. Much more important is the organization of the structure of the mosaic surface. This article is dedicated to this problem. The sequence of actions is given - algorithms that allow the artist to achieve the desired effect and gain full control when filling mosaic surfaces. These algorithms allow you to create mosaic fillings based on linear patterns without color and tonal design, which is impossible for existing algorithms. The authors proposed the construction of the topology of classical mosaics using vector guides. When forming the algorithm, vector guide lines or “power lines” are taken as a basis, on which mosaic elements (tesserae) are subsequently placed. Variants of using existing algorithms at each stage of the solution of the problem are proposed. Algorithms and results of filling a mosaic panel with a line-by-line and equidistant method are presented. This technology will allow not only creating mosaic surfaces, but also using it as a tool for creating real art projects for implementation in design and art. The possibility of using existing technologies in this technique is commented.
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VEKSTEIN, G. E., N. A. BOBROVA, and S. V. BULANOV. "On the motion of charged particles in a sheared force-free magnetic field." Journal of Plasma Physics 67, no. 2-3 (2002): 215–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022377801001520.
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This paper considers single-particle trajectories in a planar sheared force-free magnetic field. A specific feature of this magnetic configuration is the absence of both gradient and curvature magnetic drifts, as well as a diamagnetic force along field lines. Therefore, in the framework of the drift approximation, the motion of the particle guiding centre does not feel the magnetic field's non-uniformity. Here we discuss how the latter affects actual particle trajectories, making them quite different from simple circular gyromotion even when the Larmor radius is small. It is also shown how magnetic confinement ceases to work when the Larmor radius becomes comparable to the spatial scale of the field variation.
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Schmidt, Tim. "The Expression of Silence in Franz Schubert’s «Mein Traum»." Studia austriaca 32 (June 24, 2024): 43–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.54103/1593-2508/23735.
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Silence is commonly understood as a void – in this sense, there is no silence. The figure of thought – silence, calibrates meaning within relationships. I argue that the meaning of several writings in Franz Schubert’s diary has a much larger impact than is commonly understood to this day. Specific tones and ‘beep’ sequences evoke emotions and a deep layer of melancholy, all of which serve as the guiding force in Schubert’s music. In contrast, silence – the moment in which meaning becomes elusive – impoverishes that moment within the lines of the diary note Mein Traum.
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Zhang, Zhijin, Xinhan Qiao, Shenghuan Yang, and Xingliang Jiang. "Non-Uniform Distribution of Contamination on Composite Insulators in HVDC Transmission Lines." Applied Sciences 8, no. 10 (2018): 1962. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8101962.
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In recent years, the air particulate pollutants formed by the combustion of fossil fuels and the emission of industrial waste gases have constantly been produced, and the polluted particles deposit also seriously affects social production and people’s lives. For instance, pollution-induced flashover is seriously threatening the safe operation of the power system, while insulator pollution non-uniformity has great influence on the flashover voltage of insulators. Therefore, in this paper both field contamination experiments of HVDC (High Voltage Direct Current) transmission lines and wind tunnel contamination simulation tests were conducted, and pollution non-uniformity coefficient KT/B, KW/L and KH/M were proposed and obtained. The results showed that the degree of contamination on top surface and leeward side is heavier than that on bottom surface and windward side. Thus, in the DC energized condition, contamination along the string is also non-uniform, and serious pollution occurs mainly in the high voltage terminal. In order to explain the uneven distribution phenomenon along the string, the coupling-physics model of composite insulator string was established and using the finite element method, the electric field around the insulator was simulated. Furthermore, basing on the field charging theory, the value of electric field force on particles around the insulator surface was calculated and the mechanism of non-uniformity along the insulator sting was then explained. The results are very important for guiding insulation design and field anti-pollution works.
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Danowski, B. A. "Fibroblast contractility and actin organization are stimulated by microtubule inhibitors." Journal of Cell Science 93, no. 2 (1989): 255–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.93.2.255.
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Despite considerable evidence that cytoplasmic microtubules play some role in guiding or controlling the locomotion of tissue cells, the nature of this control is not understood. In particular, little is known about the role of microtubules in the exertion of propulsive ‘traction’ forces, or about microtubule effects on the organization of the cytoplasmic actin stress fibers. In this study, the silicone rubber substratum technique was used in combination with fluorescence microscopy in order to observe the effects of microtubule-depolymerizing drugs on the contractile strength and organization of cytoplasmic actin networks. Perfusion with a variety of microtubule poisons (either colcemid, nocodazole or vinblastine) was found to cause a rapid and substantial strengthening of fibroblast contractility. This was demonstrated in two established fibroblast cell lines, as well as in primary cultures of rat gingival fibroblasts and embryonic chick heart fibroblasts. Treatment with the drug taxol, which promotes microtubule assembly, was found to prevent the strengthening effects of the microtubule inhibitors. It was also found that the disruption of actin stress fibers by the phorbol ester tumor promoter, TPA, is reversed by microtubule poisons: stress fibers reform within 30 min of the addition of the microtubule drugs, despite the continued presence and activity of the TPA. Several possible mechanisms are considered, including the idea that microtubule assembly normally exerts a pushing force, which counterbalances part of the contractile force exerted by the actin stress fibers. However, the mechanism that seems best to account for the observations is that microtubules modulate, in an inhibitory fashion, the contractility and the state of organization of cytoplasmic actin.
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Shilov, Vladimir Kuz'mich, Aleksandr Nikolaevich Filatov, and Aleksandr Evgen'evich Novozhilov. "Focusing Properties of a Modified Retarding Structure for Linear Electron Accelerators." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 7, no. 2 (2017): 741. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v7i2.pp741-747.
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When using accelerators in industry and medicine, important are the dimensions of the device used, especially the radial ones. In the linear electron accelerators based on a biperiodic retarding structure, which operates in the standing wave mode, there is a possibility to provide focusing of the accelerated particles with the help of high-frequency fields without the use of external focusing elements. In the accelerating cell, due to the presence of the far protruding drift sleeves, the electric field lines become strongly curved, which leads to the appearance in the regions adjacent to these sleeves of a substantial in magnitude radial component of the electric field. The particles entering the accelerating gap experience the action of a force directed toward the axis of the system, and at the exit, of a force directed away from the axis. Under certain conditions, alternation of the focusing and defocusing fields can lead to a general focusing effect. In the paper we study the focusing properties of a modified biperiodic structure with standing wave. The main attention is paid to the possibility of using the focusing properties of the electromagnetic accelerating field for guiding the electron beam through the aperture of the accelerating system, which will lead to a significant reduction in the accelerator sizes. The proposed method can be applied in the calculation and design of linear electron accelerators.
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Vladimir, Kuz'michShilov, Nikolaevich Filatov Aleksandr, and Evgen'evich Novozhilov Aleksandr. "Focusing Properties of a Modified Retarding Structure for Linear Electron Accelerators." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 7, no. 2 (2017): 741–47. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v7i2.pp741-747.
Full textAbstract:
When using accelerators in industry and medicine, important are the dimensions of the device used, especially the radial ones. In the linear electron accelerators based on a biperiodic retarding structure, which operates in the standing wave mode, there is a possibility to provide focusing of the accelerated particles with the help of high-frequency fields without the use of external focusing elements. In the accelerating cell, due to the presence of the far protruding drift sleeves, the electric field lines become strongly curved, which leads to the appearance in the regions adjacent to these sleeves of a substantial in magnitude radial component of the electric field. The particles entering the accelerating gap experience the action of a force directed toward the axis of the system, and at the exit, of a force directed away from the axis. Under certain conditions, alternation of the focusing and defocusing fields can lead to a general focusing effect.In the paper we study the focusing properties of a modified biperiodic structure with standing wave. The main attention is paid to the possibility of using the focusing properties of the electromagnetic accelerating field for guiding the electron beam through the aperture of the accelerating system, which will lead to a significant reduction in the accelerator sizes. The proposed method can be applied in the calculation and design of linear electron accelerators.
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Ali, Nehal. "Translating Cultural Identity: Skopos Theory in the Translation of Abdullah Al Faisal's “Revolution of Doubts”." International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences 8, no. 5 (2023): 155–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijels.85.26.
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This paper presents an in-depth analysis of the application of the Skopos Theory of translation to Abdullah Al Faisal's poetic work, "Revolution of Doubt." The Skopos Theory, developed by Vermeer, emphasizes the importance of the translator's purpose or intention (skopos) in guiding the translation process. By considering the skopos as the driving force behind translation, this theory highlights the need to adapt and shape the target text to meet the specific communicative purpose in the target culture. The study examines the fidelity, coherence, and skopos rules of the Skopos Theory in relation to the translation of "Revolution of Doubt." Through a detailed analysis of selected lines and their English translation, the paper explores how these rules are applied and their impact on maintaining the intended meaning, poetic style, and emotional resonance of the original Arabic text. In terms of fidelity, the analysis focuses on the level of faithfulness to the source text in conveying meaning and tone. The coherence rule is examined to assess the structural and semantic coherence within individual lines and the overall flow of the translated text. Finally, the skopos rule is explored to understand how the translator's purpose and intended audience influence the translation choices, particularly in capturing the emotional and poetic aspects of the source text. By investigating the application of the Skopos Theory to the translation of "Revolution of Doubt," this study contributes to a deeper understanding of the dynamics and challenges involved in translating poetic works. It sheds light on the importance of considering the translator's intention, maintaining coherence, and achieving fidelity in conveying the essence of the original text to the target audience.
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González, Oswaldo Mauricio, William Gonzalo López, Francisco Javier Armendáriz, and Gary Alexander Panchi. "Hacia las nuevas tendencias tecnológicas de defensa en Fuerzas Armadas del Ecuador." Revista de Estudios en Seguridad Internacional 8, no. 2 (2022): 125–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.18847/1.16.8.
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Research, technological development, innovation and production (R&D&i&P), constitute fundamental areas for the Defense sector of a country, since they allow: (i) to reduce both technological gap and exogenous dependence, (ii) to innovate military technology according to the operational requirements, and (iii) to guarantee technological superiority that lets maintaining dominance in conflicts and defending national sovereignty and integrity. Therefore, having a solid R&D&i&P system as part of the Armed Forces of Ecuador is definitely essential as it would likely allow guiding all efforts towards areas of knowledge and specific research lines in accordance with the institutional needs and requirements. Unfortunately, due to some reasons that are accurately explained throughout this study, the referred system is incipient and still very limited in the Armed Forces, hence, this study aims to partially contribute to the solution of the problem by proposing technology trends, in terms of areas of knowledge (13) and research lines (47), on which R&D&i&P performers and projects should be focused as a priority. Specifically, the proposed areas of knowledge and research lines were technically determined by conducting an extensive literature review as well as by deductive, quantitative and prospective analyses of tech trends corresponding to 16 representative Armed Forces at global, regional and local levels. The acquired results are relevant as they allow to strengthen the R&D&i&P system of the Ecuadorian Armed Forces, as well as to adequately guide the efforts of the actors and the limited resources assigned, towards the fulfilment of the operational and technological requirements, and their consequent consolidation of military capabilities.
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Li, Hongsheng, Songyong Liu, Gang Cheng, and Chuwen Guo. "Numerical Investigation on Rock-Fracturing Mechanism by Using Splitter under Hole Assistance." Shock and Vibration 2019 (September 16, 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4395729.
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In this work, a numerical model of rock breaking under hole assistance was established based on the finite element method (FEM) coupling with smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) to reveal rock-breaking mechanisms and analyze the reasons for crack formation and propagation under hole assistance. In addition, the numerical model was verified by experiment with and without a hole, and the simulation results are basically consistent with the experimental results in rock breaking. During the process of rock fracturing, the hydraulic splitter was first inserted into the predrilling hole, and then the wedges were pushed into the rock under the action of the hydraulic pressure. In this process, the splitter wedge was separated from the two sides, and the transverse bursting force was transmitted to the rock. Finally, the main fracture formed and the rock mass broke due to the bursting force. The results show that the cracks propagate along the approximately straight lines OO1 (the distance between the auxiliary holes and the left predrilled fracturing hole) and OO2 (the distance between the auxiliary holes and the right predrilled fracturing hole) before extending to the auxiliary hole which is unlike the crack propagation in rock without auxiliary holes, and the crack propagating direction gradually approaches horizontally and is vertical to the side after passing through the auxiliary holes. Moreover, when the auxiliary holes are located at the prefabricated angles α = 40° and 45°, the crack propagation can be well induced and the cracks pass through the auxiliary holes. However, at α = 50°, the auxiliary holes can no longer well induce the crack propagation in the process of rock breaking; however, the fracturing pressure is still less than that with no auxiliary holes, indicating that the auxiliary holes play a positive role in guiding rock breaking.
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Ayaulym, Rakhmatulina, Ibrayev Sayat, Imanbayeva Nurbibi, Ibrayeva Arman, and Tolebayev Nurzhan. "Kinematic and kinetostatic analysis of the six-link straight-line generating converting mechanism of the unbalanced sucker rod pumper drive." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 6, no. 7 (108) (2020): 6–13. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2020.218551.
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The results of kinematic and force analysis of the new six-link converting mechanism of the sucker rod pumper drive (SRPD) are presented in this paper and the advantages of the alternative design are substantiated. Using a straight-line generating mechanism allows reducing essentially converting mechanism dimensions and metal consumption as compared with traditionally used SRPD with swinging balancer and crank-based counterweight, first of all, due to eliminating the complicated arc head (so-called «horse-head») of the existing units. However, in order to make sure the working capacities of non-balancer mechanism, kinematic and force characteristics have to be studied. The results of mathematical modeling of the six-link mechanism confirm the qualitative advantages of the straight-line generator. As a result of the study of the rectilinear-guiding mechanism as a transforming mechanism for the drive of sucker rod pumping units, the laws of motion of the links, position, speed and acceleration of all points were determined. To solve the problem of kinematic analysis, the method of closed vector contours was used, which makes it possible to determine the functions of the position of links and analogs of speeds and accelerations. When solving the problem of strength analysis, the equilibrium of each link was considered. As a result of force analysis, jointly solving the equilibrium equations of the links of the six-link hinge-lever mechanism, the reactions of the hinges of the mechanism are determined. A computer model for studying the kinematics and kinetostatics of the converting mechanism of the sucker rod pumping unit drive has been developed
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Šileika, Algis, and Daiva Andriušaitiene. "PROBLEMS OF IDENTIFYING AND REGULATING THE STRUCTURE OF THE LABOUR MARKET IN DEPRESSIVE LITHUANIAN REGIONS." Journal of Business Economics and Management 7, no. 4 (2006): 223–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16111699.2006.9636143.
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In order to identify labour market problems in the depressive regions of Lithuania and to provide guiding lines in the search for their solution, it is necessary to conduct a systematic analysis of the structure of employable population encompassing the characteristics of segments of employed and unemployed persons as well as individuals not registered with the official labour market. Correlation and factor analysis of eighteen macroeconomic indicators investigating into indicators of all municipalities of the country and depressive regions separately (20 municipalities where the unemployment rate exceeded the average in the country by 1,5 times in 2004) enabled evaluation of the significance of employment and unemployment indicators as well as impact thereof on other indicators chosen for the analysis to feature the trends of social and economic development on national level and in depressive regions in 1996–2004. Apart from special sociological research, characterization of the structure and peculiarities of labour force is confined to assumptions of logical analysis, but the invented technologies give grounds to maintain that dynamics of the employment indicator reflects the trends and outcomes of the development of economic activities only to a certain limited extent. Relation of the unemployment indicator, particularly that of long‐term unemployment, with other macroeconomic indicators is much tighter. However, as we can see from the analysis, relevantly big share of employable individuals not participating in the labour market has been little analysed by the structure, though most probably this share consists of the following basic groups: unemployed “volunteers”, “labour migrants”, unofficially employed individuals and persons employed in in‐kind farms. Yet, the analysis of statistical data shows that this is not an idiosyncrasy of depressive regions of the country. In the analysis of the structure of the labour market, the following problems extremely important in the depressive regions of Lithuania may be singled out: long‐term unemployment trap determines emigration of youth and better skilled labour force; consequently this results in prevalence of senior and pension‐age population, unskilled labour force and out‐of‐skill individuals in the structure of employable population, and in unofficial, ineffective “survival” employment in small, quasi‐in‐kind farms that have become a traditional way of life of rural population.
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matalon-degni, francine. "Trends in Food Photography: A Prop Stylist's View." Gastronomica 10, no. 3 (2010): 70–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/gfc.2010.10.3.70.
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This article traces the evolution of food photography through the lens of its political context. The ways in which prop stylists and food stylists defined food photography trends was guided by more than their unique interpretation of assigned art direction. The political zeitgeist was also a guiding force. From the socially conservative leadership during the Reagan/Bush years to the promises of hope and change defining the Obama presidency——the tenor of each administration left its mark on food photography. During the Reagan/Bush years, legislation favored the moneyed classes; food photography reflected the tastes of a culture rife with opulent excess. Food was presented in fantastical sets propped with precious accoutrements, some having hardly anything at all to do with the eating or serving of food. The Clinton administration's pro-family domestic agenda set the cultural tone for Martha Stewart's ascendency and for her magazine's visual message to endure. Both Clinton and Stewart brought us back to the real world. Food sets became whiter and brighter as prop stylists jettisoned intricately detailed props for those with cleaner, simpler lines. The muddled disinformation fed to us during the George W. Bush years played out in the confusing, tumultuous compositions proliferating Gourmet's food photography during his presidency. Yellow, the color of hope and promise, cast its hue on the food pages of magazines at the onset of Obama's presidency; but just as he chose to address policymaking by embracing a myriad of viewpoints, so too did magazines embrace a mix of visual viewpoints to please their readers. What we were left with, on both fronts, was an all-over-the-place quality lacking clear definition. Photographs from Gourmet, Food & Wine, Bon Apetit, Weight Watcher's Magazine, Woman's Day and Fine Cooking serve as visual reference points.
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He, Kai, Su Fu, Song Liu, Zhifa Wang, and Dan Jin. "Comparisons in finite element analysis of minimally invasive, locking, and non-locking plates systems used in treating calcaneal fractures of Sanders type II and type III." Chinese Medical Journal 127, no. 22 (2014): 3894–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.issn.0366-6999.20141641.
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Background Calcaneal fractures are relatively common but complex, while the treatment of these fractures is still controversial. The objective of this study was to compare the biomechanical stability of minimally invasive, locking, and non-locking plating systems used for fixing Sanders type II and type III calcaneal fractures. Finite element analysis was used for comparing the three types of plating systems. This study helped in guiding the clinical management of calcaneal fractures. Methods The CT data acquired from a volunteer was used to construct a finite element model of calcaneus. The fracture lines were made according to Sanders type II (A, B, C) and type III (AB, AC, BC) and six calcaneal fractures models were constructed accordingly. Three fixation methods used in clinical treatment were simulated by design tools (minimally invasive plating with percutaneous screws, Y-size non-locking plating, and locking plating) and then fixed to these fracture models with the help of clinical principles. The single minimally invasive plating fixation was also tested to compare the function of percutaneous screws. Then, the neutral force was applied on established methods. The displacement and presses distribution condition in various plating models were analyzed and compared. Results The levels of displacement and compressive press on the bone around fixation or strains on plating were within the physiological limit, indicating that the three methods were suitable for application. Compared with the locked and unlocked plates, the minimally invasive plating caused a relatively lower displacement without the high stress in bone or fixation. The minimum stress in fixation was observed in locking plate as the distribution of stress was concentrated in the anterior part of locking plate. Conclusions The minimally invasive plating method could be a better alternative method in treating Sanders type II and type III calcaneal fractures. The observed stiffness of locking plate was not obviously stronger than unlocked plate.
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Gameira Minhoto, Catarina. "ANÁLISE DA AGENDA DO TRABALHO DIGNO E ALTERAÇÕES AO CÓDIGO DE TRABALHO RELATIVAMENTE À VALORIZAÇÃO DOS JOVENS NO MERCADO DE TRABALHO." GESTIN – Revista Internacional de Gestão, Direito e Turismo 10, no. 25 (2023): 79–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.53681/p2060162288.25.10.
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With the Dignity Work Agenda presented by the Government in 2022 and the Bill of Law n.º 15/XV, an attempt was made to frame the p roposed measures to value Young Work. Considering the guiding lines of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, adopted by the Member States of the United Nations in 2015 in which Dignity Work and Economic Growth (8th SDG) are in the center. An attempt was made to assess which effective measures were advocated by the Portuguese Government with regard specifically to Youth Work, considering what is recommended in the Dignity Work Agenda and the respective Bill of Law. A framework of the 8th Objective recommended in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development where, analyze specifically the responses to achieve this objective that were implemented and subsequently, are analyzed and listed the measures presented in the Bill of Law n.º 15/XV, regarding Youth Work. The present study intends to approach and comment on the current Law n.º 13/2023, of April 3rd, which amended Law n.º 7/2009, of February 12th, which approved the current Labor Code, with regard to the rules dealing with Youth Work, given the current situation and the short period of time that occurred between the present analysis and the entry into force of the aforementioned amendment to the Labor Law, there is still no doctrine or jurisprudence that have addressed the analysis of the topic addressed in this study. The conclusions of that the Bill of Law n.º 15/XV and the current changes introduced by Law n.º 13/2023, of April 3rd, specifically regarding the Youth Work and the rest of the measures presented, are far way from what is necessary to promote a real policy of Youth Employment in Portugal and by consequence a policy of keeping the youngest generations in our country.
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Rodríguez, Carmen Lucena, Javier Mula, Jesús Domingo Segovia, and Cristina Cruz-González. "The effects of covid-19 on science education: A thematic review of ınternational research." Journal of Turkish Science Education 18, Covid-19 Special Issue (2021): 26–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.36681/tused.2021.70.
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The health emergency caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has transformed and decisively affected the entire education system, which has resulted in an urgent need to adapt it to an online scenario. Science education is an area that has been highly affected by and, as a consequence, science teachers were forced to make an extra effort to create virtual learning environments accessible for all students. This study offers a systematic review to synthesize how the COVID-19 pandemic has influenced science teachers’ educational practices and adaptations. To this end, Web of Science, ERIC and Scopus databases used to explore the virtual educational practices, e.g., teaching-learning processes, during the pandemic. The purpose of this study is to analyze the main bibliographic characteristics of the collected literature (research purpose, methodological design, geographical and temporal distribution, central themes) via thematic analysis. The findings offered a synthesis of studies that explain innovative practices, tools, and strategies that were very useful for teachers and students in the STEM area. We believe that future lines of research should be oriented towards broadening the analysis of different pedagogical approaches developed in the teaching of STEM areas during the health crisis by COVID-19. This could be useful for guiding professional and educational actions.
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Shasanka Sekhar Das, Saubhik Kanjilal, Mridul Kanti Das, Avas Chandra Ray, Kausik Munsi, and Parasar Ghosh. "Transthoracic ultrasonography in the assessment of interstitial lung disease in patients with systemic sclerosis." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 14, no. 12 (2023): 106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v14i12.57065.
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Background: Transthoracic ultrasonography was considered, sometimes in the past as unsuitable for the assessment of lung but it eventually emerged as an important tool in the diagnosis and in guiding treatment of various lung and pleural diseases. Several studies in the past proved it to be a useful complementary tool in the detection of interstitial pulmonary fibrosis. Aims and Objectives: This study aims to assess the utility of transthoracic uultrasonography (TUS) in comparison to high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) thorax in the detection of interstitial lung disease (ILD) in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients. Materials and Methods: SSc patients with HRCT proven ILD were identified and classified according to Warrick’s score. Sonographic evidence of ILD in these patients were judged by the presence of B-lines or ultrasonic lung comets (ULCs). Each procedure was studied and interpreted by two independent examiners blinded about the patient’s clinical and radiological features. Standard spirometric measurements were performed in all patients. Results: A highly significant positive linear correlation between ULCs and Warrick’s score was found in this study (r=0.83, P≤0.001). ULC score had moderate negative correlation with forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) % p (r=−0.60, P=0.001) and weak negative correlation with forced vital capacity (FVC) % p (r=−0.45, P=0.01) and FEV1/FVC % (r=−0.42, P=0.02). Conclusion: USG lung can be suggested as a useful non-invasive tool in the detection of ILDs in scleroderma patients.
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Kinkley, Jeffrey C. "The Monster That Is History: History, Violence, and Fictional Writing in Twentieth-Century China. By David Der-Wei Wang. [Berkeley, Los Angeles and London: University of California Press, 2004. 402 pp. ISBN 0-520-23140-6.]." China Quarterly 182 (June 2005): 439–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741005270261.
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This celebration of modern Chinese literature is a tour de force, David Wang's third major summation in English. He is even more prolific in Chinese. Wang's command of the creative and critical literatures is unrivalled.Monster's subject is “the multivalence of Chinese violence across the past century”: not 1960s “structural violence” or postcolonial “epistemic violence,” but hunger, suicide, anomie, betrayal (though not assassination or incarceration), and “the violence of representation”: misery that reflects or creates monstrosity in history. Monster thus comments on “history and memory,” like Ban Wang's and Yomi Braester's recent efforts, although for historical reasons modern Chinese literature studies are allergic to historical and sociological methodologies.Monster is comparative, mixing diverse – sometimes little read – post-May Fourth and Cold War-era works with pieces from the 19th and 20th fins de siècle. Each chapter is a free associative rhapsody (sometimes brilliant, sometimes tedious; often neo-Freudian), evoking, from a recurring minor detail as in new historicist criticism, a major binary trope or problematic for Wang to “collapse” or blur. His forte is making connections between works. The findings: (1) decapitation (loss of a “head,” or guiding consciousness?) in Chinese fiction betokens remembering or “re-membering” (of the severed), as in an unfinished Qing novel depicting beheaded Boxers, works by Lu Xun and Shen Congwen, and Wuhe's 2000 commemoration of a 1930 Taiwanese aboriginal uprising; (2) justice is poetic, but equals punishment, even crime, in late Qing castigatory novels, Bai Wei, and several Maoist writers; (3) in revolutionary literature, love and revolution blur, as do love affairs in life with those in fiction; (4) hunger, indistinct from anorexia, is excess; witness “starved” heroines of Lu Xun, Lu Ling, Eileen Chang and Chen Yingzhen; (5) remembering scars creates scars, as in socialist realism, Taiwan's anticommunist fiction, and post-Mao scar literature; (6) in fiction about evil (late Ming and late Qing novels; Jiang Gui), inhumanity is all too human and sex blurs with politics; (7) suicide can be a poet's immortality, from Wang Guowei to Gu Cheng; (8) cultural China's most creative new works invoke ghosts again, obscuring lines between the human, the “real,” and the spectral.
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Imaoka, T., and K. Itoh. "Analysis of the Properties of Guiding Catheters Used in Endovascular Neurointervention." Interventional Neuroradiology 13, no. 1_suppl (2007): 58–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15910199070130s107.
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The backup force is one of the most important properties of the guiding catheter in modern endovascular neurointervention employing rigid or bulky devices. Several guiding catheters were examined with regard to their backup force. Each guiding catheter had unique characteristics and neither an increase in its diameter nor increase in the backup force was directly proportional. The combined use of guiding catheters (coaxial guiding catheter) led to some improvement of the backup force, and the combination of the 6Fr Envoy and 8Fr Guider Softip exhibited the best performance. This article provides some scientific background as a means to select the appropriate catheter for beginners as well as accomplished operators.
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Buzalic, Alexandru. "Religion and Identity – Anthropological Guiding Lines." Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Theologia Reformata Transylvanica 65, no. 2 (2020): 196–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbtref.65.2.11.
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"The human being is homo religiosus through his ability to experience the sacred, laying special emphasis on the meaning of existence of all things, expressed afterwards in a metaphysical interpretation concealed behind symbolic-religious language. One of the most important processes of integration into reality is self-identification as a person and gaining a group identity –processes that take different shapes over the history of human existence. The formation of state entities has always been preceded by a process of creating a social identity that manifests itself through the spiritual life materialized in culture and religion. These processes have led to the birth of mediaeval states and then to the shaping of modern Europe, necessary to the deconstructions and reconstructions in the inter-war time. These processes are also visible today during cultural globalization. What we need is a critical approach on unity in diversity that characterizes humanity in history and that will shape the future evolution of humanity. Keywords: church, faith, state entities, globalization, identity, nation, religion."
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Dolique, J. M., and M. Khodja. "Nonlinear electron beam guiding by a reduced-density channel." Laser and Particle Beams 11, no. 4 (1993): 685–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600006443.
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Suggested by numerical simulations, recent experiments have shown that a significant guiding force is exerted by a reduced-density channel on electron beams propagating through initially un-ionized air. A theoretical analysis of this guiding force had been given that assumed uniform beam and channel and small beam-channel offset. From a 2-D model, relative to a beam slice, the guiding force is calculated in this article for arbitrary beamchannel offset and for various smooth beam and channel profiles. This calculation confirms the above-quoted experimental evidence of a guiding force significant with respect to the deflection force exerted by the earth's magnetic field. It also confirms the crucial role played by the secondary electron temperature distribution. Finally, it suggests optimal values for the ratio between channel and beam rms radii.
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Ke, Zhihao, Xiaoning Liu, Yining Chen, Hongfu Shi, and Zigang Deng. "Prediction models establishment and comparison for guiding force of high-temperature superconducting maglev based on deep learning algorithms." Superconductor Science and Technology 35, no. 2 (2022): 024005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6668/ac455d.
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Abstract Due to the merits of self-stability and low energy consumption, high-temperature superconducting (HTS) maglev has the potential to become a novel type of transportation mode. As a key index to guarantee the lateral self-stability of HTS maglev, guiding force has strong non-linearity and is determined by multitudinous factors, and these complexities impede its further researches. Compared to traditional finite element and polynomial fitting method, the prosperity of deep learning algorithms could provide another guiding force prediction approach, but the verification of this approach is still blank. Therefore, this paper establishes five different neural network models (radial basis function, deep neural network (DNN), convolution neural network, recurrent neural network, long short-term memory neural network (LSTM)) to predict HTS maglev guiding force and compares their prediction efficiency based on 3720 pieces of collected data. Meanwhile, two adaptive iterative algorithms for the parameter matrix and learning rate adjustment are proposed, which could effectively reduce computing time and unnecessary iterations. According to the results, it is revealed that the DNN model shows the best fitting goodness, while the LSTM model displays the smoothest fitting curve on guiding force prediction. Based on this discovery, the effects of learning rate and iterations on prediction accuracy of the constructed DNN model are studied. And the learning rate and iterations at the highest guiding force prediction accuracy are 0.00025 and 90 000, respectively. Moreover, the K-fold cross-validation method is also applied to this DNN model, whose result manifests the generalization and robustness of this DNN model. The imperative of K-fold cross validation method to ensure universality of guiding force prediction model is likewise assessed. This paper firstly combines HTS maglev guiding force prediction with deep learning algorithms considering different field cooling height, real-time magnetic flux density, liquid nitrogen temperature and motion direction of bulk. Additionally, this paper gives a convenient and efficient method for HTS guiding force prediction and parameter optimization.
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Turchina, L. "Khvylovism: Sources of the Worldview Guiding Lines." Zaporizhzhia Historical Review 1, no. 53 (2019): 111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26661/zhv-2019-1-53-15.
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Zhao, Dong, Zeng Hai Xu, Qiang Wang, and Dong Mei Cai. "Analyses of Guiding Force for the Ring Rolling Mill." Advanced Materials Research 154-155 (October 2010): 278–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.154-155.278.
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The guiding forces will affect the stability of the ring rolling process and the quality of the product directly. In this paper, the guiding forces and the sector gear forces are analyzed by building theoretical equations and numerical value simulations. The variation tendencies of the guiding forces and the sector gear forces changing with the ring’s outer diameter in both steady and unsteady ring rolling phases are found out base on the theoretical and simulation analyses.
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Jung, Jonathan, Hu Zeng, and Tiffany Horng. "Metabolism as a guiding force for immunity." Nature Cell Biology 21, no. 1 (2019): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41556-018-0217-x.
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Goncharenko, Igor A., and Marian Marciniak. "Photonic crystal fibre characterisation with the method of lines." Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology, no. 1 (March 30, 2004): 106–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.26636/jtit.2004.1.223.
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Photonic crystal fibres are longitudinally uniform fibres in which in lateral directions periodic refractive index changes occur. Two basically different light guiding mechanisms occur in crystal fibres: index guiding and bandgap guiding. In the paper different modelling methods have been evaluated when applied to photonic crystal fibres. In particular, the method of lines has been shown to be effective and reliable for both classes of photonic crystal fibres. High accuracy results for optical field distribution and dispersion characteristics in a photonic crystal fibre have been achieved with the method of lines.
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Hikita, Hiroyuki, Keiichi Hishikari, Atsushi Takahashi, and Makoto Araki. "Balloon-Anchored CoKatte® for Successfully Delivering Balloons for an Occluded Anomalous Right Coronary Artery." International Journal of Angiology 27, no. 04 (2018): 232–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1669957.
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AbstractPercutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for anomalous right coronary artery (RCA), originating from the left coronary cusp is challenging, because of the difficulty in engaging the guiding catheter coaxially, and delivering balloons and stents. A 65-year-old man with effort angina underwent PCI for anomalous RCA. This report describes the method we used. Although, delivering the balloon was difficult in short of the guiding catheter's backup force, we finally succeeded by using one more guiding catheter and the balloon-anchored CoKatte®, a novel, straight 4.5-French child catheter, to strengthen the backup force.
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Maxwell, J. C. "On physical lines of force." Philosophical Magazine 90, sup1 (2010): 11–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14786431003659180.
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Huang, Kuang-Yuh, and Chi-hwa Ho. "Development and Analysis of a Long-Stroke Spring Guiding System." Journal of Mechanical Design 126, no. 6 (2004): 1055–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1803853.
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Inspired by the operating principle of a tank’s track, we have developed a long-stroke spring guiding system with belt-shaped springs. Other than those characteristics of normal spring guides, the long-stroke spring guiding system has longer guided stroke and adjustable recovery force. To study the mechanical characteristics of the system, experiments and analyses are carried out. The finite element analysis software ABAQUS is applied to analyze the stress and the recovery force of the preloaded spring guiding during the guiding process, and the Buckingham pi theorem is utilized to investigate the complicated relationships among the geometric parameters, the working parameters, and the guiding properties. According to the analytical and experimental results, an efficient design process and design criteria for the guiding system are concluded and practically validated. Moreover, the system can be easily scaled down or modified to adapt to the applications in precision systems and microsystems due to its simple form and great variability.
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Eggerman, Richard W. "Games and the Action-Guiding Force of Morality." Philosophical Topics 13, no. 2 (1985): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/philtopics198513213.
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Thapa, Rabi Raj. "The Guiding Principles of Police: Use of Force." Journal of APF Command and Staff College 3, no. 1 (2020): 90–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/japfcsc.v3i1.27531.
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There can be no issue of greater consequence than the use of force for police and law enforcement professionals. In a transitional post-conflict country like Nepal, internal security agencies play a vital role in managing the complexity of political, social and economic transformation. Ever since the end of the feudal oligarchic militaristic Rana regime, internal security and law enforcement took precedence in providing safety and security for the Nepalese people. Since Nepal entered a democratic transition in 1950, it almost failed to consolidate and strengthen its internal security and law enforcement apparatus by appropriately restructuring and consolidating the Nepal Police and National Intelligence functions. Even after the democratic political transformation of 1950, it took five years to establish the national Nepal Police in 1955. Law enforcement agencies are now challenged to solve problems well beyond traditional scope. Therefore, internal security must come up with highly developed methods of policing and law enforcement. Technologically, this may not be possible yet, but it can provide management and training of its personnel based on world standards of policing and emphasizing knowledge and skill enhancement and professional behavior. This paper has tried to focus and analyze the use of force by internal security apparatus of the Government of Nepal in the past and brain-storm its future roles and challenges. The paper is divided into two parts. The first part will touch upon contextual commentary on the use of force in brief. The second part will highlight three time-tested models and procedure of the use of force.
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Zaheer, Hira, Millie Pant, Sushil Kumar, Oleg Monakhov, Emilia Monakhova, and Kusum Deep. "A new guiding force strategy for differential evolution." International Journal of System Assurance Engineering and Management 8, S4 (2015): 2170–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13198-014-0322-6.
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Yang, Yue Xin, Yun Pu Du, and Ren Sheng Wang. "Downhole Drilling Mechanics Analysis Based on Closed-Loop Rotary Steerable Drilling System." Advanced Materials Research 919-921 (April 2014): 1290–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.919-921.1290.
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Design of closed loop drilling tool in the rotary steering drilling system is a bit in recent installation guide controlled stabilizer, and placed on the upper drill collar two downhole assembly form of stabilizer. The set of parameters for the MATLAB software programming is used to solve the three moment equation and the downhole assembly mechanical properties. With continuous beam column theory, the mechanics features of the BHA are analyzed. It is analyzed focused on the relationship between the guiding force and the bit deflecting force, the relationship between the hole deviation angle and bit deflecting force, the relationship between the drill press and bit deflecting force, the relationship between the guiding force position on the well inclined plane and bit deflecting force through the tables and figures based on closed-loop rotary steerable drilling system.
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Study of guiding vehicle by railway track, S., V. Tkachenko, N. Braykovska, and I. Kulbovskyi. "Study of guiding vehicle by railway track." Collection of scientific works of the State University of Infrastructure and Technologies series "Transport Systems and Technologies", no. 41 (June 28, 2023): 213–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.32703/2617-9059-2023-41-17.
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The analysis of scientific publications related to the guiding of wheelsets of railway rolling stock along the rail track has been carried out. It is stated that for a valid simulation of the guiding of wheelsets by a rail track, an accurate description of the contact forces of adhesion is necessary. It was found that the flange wheel-rail contact exists only in combination with the angle of attack and in the presence of a lateral cohesive force. A scheme of power interaction of a wheelset with rails with a ridge contact of one of the wheels has been developed. The force contact interaction of a wheel and a rail is a process that is difficult to describe and, at the same time, very important for studying the dynamics of the frictional interaction of vehicles and track and the guiding of vehicles by the rail track. In the general case, the contact of the wheel with the rail occurs in two contact zones: on the rolling surface and on the flange. Simplified, the contact is considered as a two-point contact. The considered force factors cannot be unambiguously attributed to guiding factors or factors of resistance to movement. Specific values and guiding of forces and moments depend on the position of the wheelset relative to the rail track. It is argued that the longitudinal and transverse slips of the wheelsets cause resistance to movement and are overcome by guiding forces.
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Сальков, Николай, and Nikolay Sal'kov. "General Principles for Formation of Ruled Surfaces. Part 2." Geometry & Graphics 7, no. 1 (2019): 14–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5c9201eb1c5f06.47425839.
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In this paper the consideration related to formation of ruled surfaces with a single method for their set up that was proposed in the first part of the work, is continued. In the first part of the work were considered more than twenty variants for set up of ruled surfaces, including four set ups by guide lines, overall known in the literature, for example, in the books of S.A. Frolov, A.V. Bubennikov, M.Ya. Gromov. However, the set up of ruled surfaces with the help of guide lines was proposed in a new aspect – as a constituent of a single method for setting absolutely all ruled surfaces, taking place in science and industry, and with additional variants. Besides, have been proposed equation systems, which solution leads to generation of equation for the given ruled surface. New set ups of ruled surfaces have included eighteen examples, which is the main material of the work’s first part. Also was proposed a table in which have been put all possible variants for set up of geometric figures’ guiding lines to obtain ruled surfaces. Of course, the proposed variants of guiding lines’ combination were presented in the enlarged form. In the proposed paper have been considered new, not presented before, variants for set up of ruled surfaces. Have been presented 19 examples, including the ones with one or two guiding planes, as well as when the guiding line belongs to one of guiding surfaces. Such surfaces can be considered as ruled surfaces of smooth transition. As in the first part of the work, the equation systems leading to the equation of the set ruled surface are proposed.
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Gou, Gang, Peng Cheng Xie, Zhen Xing Wen, Yu Mei Ding, and Wei Min Yang. "Study on the Surface Treatment of Special Screw for Light Guiding Plate’s Precision Injection Molding." Advanced Materials Research 221 (March 2011): 123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.221.123.
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Defects such as black spots and yellow surfaces appeared in the process of injection molding light guiding plate as a result of the failure surfaces of the screw and screw tip. To choose and optimize the solutions of different surface treatments of the special screw for light guiding plate, the stripping performance testing platform was established. The experimental results showed that TiN and TiAlN or similar coatings by physical vapor deposition could significantly reduce the adhesion force between polycarbonate (PC) and different coatings. Through surface topography analysis of diversified coatings with SEM and AFM, TiAlN coatings represented the excellent surface quality of its smoothness, continuum, and low surface wave. To enhance the bonding force between the molding screw and coatings, TiAlN/Cr and TiAlN/Ti multi-films was developed which owned much more firm bonding force than TiAlN and good surface quality to be suitable for the special screw for manufacturing light guiding plate.
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Popa, Gabriel, Ioan Sebesan, Marius Adrian Spiroiu, and Claudiu Nicolae Badea. "Safety against Derailment for Railway Vehicles." Applied Mechanics and Materials 659 (October 2014): 223–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.659.223.
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The shock attack occurs at a railway vehicle circulation in a curve in which a discontinuous bend appears, mathematically represented by an angular point. In this point, shock angle produces an abrupt change of direction of the vehicle, respectively a dynamic shock force.The paper presents a mathematical model used to determine the dynamic force shock and its influence on vehicle guiding safety. The study was applied to the tank wagon on bogies for transportation of petroleum products, because such vehicles generally have derailed at circulation in curves in which have occurred accidentally discontinuous bends.It shows that the dynamic force may lead to an unacceptable increase of guiding force Y at leading axle of the vehicle, and therefore to overcome the (Y/Q)lim, which defines the limit of derailment, Q being the load on the attacking wheel.The conclusions indicate constructive measures to be taken to ensure the safety of the vehicle guiding at circulation in curves.
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Ozaki, Ken-ichi, and Masanori Kobayashi. "Lines of Demagnetizing Force in Cylinders." IEEJ Transactions on Fundamentals and Materials 120, no. 5 (2000): 541–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejfms1990.120.5_541.
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Zha, Jingshu, Geun Ju Kim, and Tae-In Jeon. "Enhanced THz guiding properties of curved two-wire lines." Optics Express 24, no. 6 (2016): 6136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.24.006136.
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Mariani, Peter J. "A Tale of 2 Lines (and 2 Guiding Ultrasounds)." Visual Journal of Emergency Medicine 4 (July 2016): 17–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.visj.2015.09.008.
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Karim, Sajjadul. "Celtic Tradition: The Guiding Force of William Butler Yeats." IIUC Studies 6 (October 19, 2012): 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/iiucs.v6i0.12248.
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The folklore, myth, and legends of ancient Celtic traditions inspired William Butler Yeats a lot. By not falling into the trap of overly romanticizing his work, as many other authors of the time would do, Yeats was able to begin a tradition of another sort, the Irish literary tradition. By giving importance on the Irish culture in his work, Yeats fulfilled his own sense of national pride to the delight of his readers and audiences and to the chagrin of many of his English contemporaries who felt that nothing of value or worthy of study could come out of Ireland. From 1890 he was a member of the occult group of the Golden Dawn1, which fuelled his fascination with the mystic symbols of rosicrucianism and cabbalism. Because of these activities his thinking gave an emphasis on magic and apocalypticism that would remain a constant feature of his work. This article aims at exploring the Irish myth, folklore, occultism and the tradition that inspired William Butler Yeats. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/iiucs.v6i0.12248 IIUC Studies Vol.6 2010: 53-64
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Gregor, Radovan, Andrej Babinec, František Duchoň, and Michal Dobiš. "Hand Guiding a Virtual Robot Using a Force Sensor." Acta Mechanica et Automatica 15, no. 3 (2021): 177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ama-2021-0023.
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Abstract The research behind this paper arose out of a need to use an open-source system that enables hand guiding of the robot effector using a force sensor. The paper deals with some existing solutions, including the solution based on the open-source framework Robot Operating System (ROS), in which the built-in motion planner MoveIt is used. The proposed concept of a hand-guiding system utilizes the output of the force–torque sensor mounted at the robot effector to obtain the desired motion, which is thereafter used for planning consequential motion trajectories. Some advantages and disadvantages of the built-in planner are discussed, and then the custom motion planning solution is proposed to overcome the identified drawbacks. Our planning algorithm uses polynomial interpolation and is suitable for continuous replanning of the consequential motion trajectories, which is necessary because the output from the sensor changes due to the hand action during robot motion. The resulting system is verified using a virtual robot in the ROS environment, which acts on the real Optoforce force–torque sensor HEX-70-CE-2000N. Furthermore, the workspace and the motion of the robot are restricted to a greater extent to achieve more realistic simulation.
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Renn, Michael J., Alex A. Zozulya, Elizabeth A. Donley, Eric A. Cornell, and Dana Z. Anderson. "Optical-dipole-force fiber guiding and heating of atoms." Physical Review A 55, no. 5 (1997): 3684–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.55.3684.
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Fiołek, Przemysław, and Jacek Jakubowski. "Assessment of Hoisting Conveyance Guiding Forces Based on Field Acceleration Measurements and Numerical Simulation." Applied Sciences 14, no. 22 (2024): 10758. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app142210758.
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Shafts play a key role in the operation of mining plants. They connect underground excavations with the surface and provide the ability to transport people, equipment, and raw materials. The nature of the dynamic interaction of a conveyance moving at a significant speed along deformed guide rails is complex, and the method of assessing the interaction of hoisting conveyances with shaft steelwork, despite ongoing research, still requires further understanding and improvement. Misalignments of the guide rails and conveyance movements transverse to the shaft axis induce impact (guiding) forces, which are the key design parameters of shaft steelwork. The reliable assessment of guiding forces allows the design of safe and economical steelworks and the assessment of their structural safety during operation under deformations and corrosive deterioration. Determining the value of guiding forces requires their field measurements or the use of approximate empirical formulas. Both methods have their limitations—measurement is expensive and interferes with normal shaft operation, while empirical formulas are subject to high error due to the lack of consideration of many structural details specific to each shaft that significantly affect the behavior of the system. This study presents a new method for using a relatively simple-to-implement measurement of hoisting conveyance acceleration to assess guiding forces. A finite element model of the skip and steelwork was built, and simulations of the conveyance interaction with the structure were carried out. A strong relationship between the sliding plate’s impact point location and the guiding force was found. Extreme values of the guiding force were observed in the vicinity of the bunton connection. The study showed that reducing the skip load mass does not affect the force value. Simplified methods of calculating the moments of inertia of the hoisting conveyance significantly overestimate the code-based values of the guiding forces. The presented method considers the actual stiffness and mass distribution of hoisting conveyance and, therefore, allows for a more accurate estimation of the guiding forces and the transport of larger loads. This data-driven approach allows for the continuous monitoring of the guiding forces, the adjustments of the hoisting parameters, the rational planning of repairs, and a reduction in the replacement of corroded shaft steelwork.
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Sun, Rui Feng, and Li Zhu. "Analysis on Changdexincheng Development Driving Force Factors." Applied Mechanics and Materials 587-589 (July 2014): 98–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.587-589.98.
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Driven by the national economic strategy, Changdexincheng will put forward a higher request to the city construction as a starting and guiding area of the "Changdongbei" economic zone, as well as analyze the driving force, dug deeper potential, summarize the main driving force factors of its development, and provide reference for development of similar cities.
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Telegin, A. I. "Formalism of Writing Out of Manipulators Dynamic Equation." Bulletin of the South Ural State University. Ser. Computer Technologies, Automatic Control & Radioelectronics 21, no. 4 (2021): 52–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/ctcr210405.
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The problem of cumbersome equations of dynamics for manipulation systems of industrial robots (manipulators) with translational and rotational joints is solved. A new formalism for writing out the equations of dynamics of manipulators by using of guide cosines is proposed. Examples of writing out equations of dynamics of manipulators with guid cosines are given. The equations of dynamics in relative angles of rotation of bodies are obtained with the help of these guide cosines by applying their properties. These manipulators have from three to six degrees of freedom. In their equations of dynamics the geometric, kinematic, static and inertial parameters are explicit. The multipliers for accelerations and products of velocities are optimal in the sense of the minimum of arithmetic operations (additions and multiplications) that are needed for their calculations in the written out equations of dynamics. JS-code and method for verification of the equations of dynamics of manipulators written in analytical form are proposed. The problem is that when the equations are written out manually, errors and oversights in the intermediate entries and the final result are possible. Therefore it is necessary to check the results of writing out for absence of errors, i.e. to perform verification of formulas for calculation of constitutive equations of dynamics. To do this, we can use software designed to calculate the generalized driving forces of manipulators, i.e. to solve the first problem of dynamics. Such software is offered as a web-application, in which JS-function is used for verification of the equations of dynamics of manipulators. The method of verification of formulas to calculate the generalized forces of gravity and multipliers (coefficients) for generalized accelerations and products of generalized velocities in the equations of dynamics is developed. An example of verification of the equations of dynamics of the universal manipulator with six degrees of freedom in space is given. Aim. The aim of research is to develop a formalism for writing out the analytical form of the equations of the manipulators’ dynamics in the guide cosines of the principal axes of the coupled body coordinate systems, whose coefficients contain the minimum number of arithmetic operations. Research methods. The methods of research refer to vector and analytic mechanics of absolutely solid systems, to vector algebra, and to systems analysis and programming in scripting languages. Results. The results contain two proved statements, in which there are the formulas and the methodology that allow us to write manually the equations of dynamics of manipulators with three and six degrees of mobility both in guiding cosines and in generalized coordinates. In both cases it is impossible to simplify the obtained equations. Conclusion. The offered analytical types of the equations of dynamics occupy several lines. By the known classical formalisms (Lagrange, Appel, Nielsen, Newton-Euler, etc.) it is practically impossible to obtain similar results because of the large number of complex mathematical operations in their implementation and the cumbersomeness of the resulting formulas.
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Yaroshevskaya, S. V., and T. A. Sysoeva. "Students’ Conceptions of Academic Success: Themes, Guiding Lines and Contradictions." Психологическая наука и образование 26, no. 1 (2021): 92–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/pse.2021260106.
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Academic success is a popular topic of psychological and pedagogical studies, but such studies usually emphasize factors that affect academic success or variables associated with it.What constitutes academic success remains an open question if at all posited.Researchers tend to use simplified operationalizations, mainly the academic performance, and ignore the students’ point of view.The purpose of this study is to clarify students’ perceptions of academic success.A qualitative analysis of in-depth interviews about learning experience was conducted.The study involved 20 students from various Moscow universities who completed their first academic year (aged 17—42).The technique of reflective thematic analysis was applied.Main themes are the following: “Performance” (learning is considered successful if grades are high and there are no academic troubles), “Knowledge” (learning is successful if the curriculum is being assimilated, or professional knowledge increasing, of one’s horizons are expanding), “Sense of self” (learning is considered successful if there is interest in studying, enthusiasm, as well as internal comfort and/or self-development).Themes are arranged in a sequence, moving from external criteria to internal ones.A number of contradictions are found in the informants’ perceptions of success.In the continuum of themes, different understandings of success are attributed to different instances (university, profession, life activities, Self) and allow us to see the diversity and inconsistency of higher education meanings that explain the observed paradoxes.