Relevant bibliographies by topics / Guild

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Guild'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 2 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Guild"

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Passy, Sophia I. "Framework for community functioning: synthesis of stress gradient and resource partitioning concepts." PeerJ 5 (October 2, 2017): e3885. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3885.

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To understand how communities function and generate abundance, I develop a framework integrating elements from the stress gradient and resource partitioning concepts. The framework suggests that guild abundance depends on environmental and spatial factors but also on inter-guild interactions (competitor or facilitator richness), which can alter the fundamental niche of constituent species in negative (competition) or positive direction (facilitation). Consequently, the environmental and spatial mechanisms driving guild abundance would differ across guilds and interaction modes. Using continental data on stream diatoms and physico-chemistry, the roles of these mechanisms were tested under three interaction modes—shared preference, distinct preference, and facilitative, whereby pairs of guilds exhibited, respectively, a dominance-tolerance tradeoff along a eutrophication gradient, specialization along a pH gradient, or a donor-recipient relationship along a nitrogen gradient. Representative of the shared preference mode were the motile (dominant) and low profile (tolerant) guilds, of the distinct preference mode—the acidophilous and alkaliphilous (low profile) guilds, and of the facilitative mode—nitrogen fixers (donors) and motile species (recipients). In each mode, the influences of environment, space (latitude and longitude), and competitor or facilitator richness on guild density were assessed by variance partitioning. Pure environment constrained most strongly the density of the dominant, the acidophilous, and the recipient guild in the shared preference, distinct preference, and facilitative mode, respectively, while spatial effects were important only for the low profile guild. Higher competitor richness was associated with lower density of the tolerant guild in the shared preference mode, both guilds in the distinct preference mode, and the donor guild in the facilitative mode. Conversely, recipient density in the facilitative mode increased with donor richness in stressful nitrogen-poor environments. Thus, diatom guild abundance patterns were determined primarily by biotic and/or environmental impacts and, with the exception of the low profile guild, were insensitive to spatial effects. This framework identifies major sources of variability in diatom guild abundance with implications for the understanding of biodiversity-ecosystem functioning.
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Turčáni, M., J. Patočka, and M. Kulfan. "How do lepidopteran seasonal guilds differ on some oaks (Quercus spp.) – A case study." Journal of Forest Science 55, No. 12 (December 7, 2009): 578–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/53/2009-jfs.

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The differences between oak lepidopteran communities were studied in Slovakia in 1993 and 1994. Sampling was undertaken between April and October on 3 oak species (<I>Quercus robur, Q. petraea, Q. rubra</I>). Biological traits of larvae were examined in order to explain differences in seasonal guilds among oaks. Communities varied in structure and abundance. Species richness in four seasonal guilds (flush, late spring, summer and autumn feeders) had a similar pattern on each of the studied oak species. The guild of flush feeders had the richest species assemblage, followed by the late spring feeder guild and both guilds were significantly richer than the summer feeder guild and autumn feeder guild.
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Poor, Nathaniel. "What MMO Communities Don’t Do: A Longitudinal Study of Guilds and Character Leveling, Or Not." Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media 9, no. 1 (August 3, 2021): 678–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/icwsm.v9i1.14660.

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Guilds, a primary form of community in many online games, are thought to both aid gameplay and act as social entities. This work uses a three-year scrape of one game, World of Warcraft, to study the relationship between guild membership and advancement in the game as measured by character leveling, a defining and often studied metric. 509 guilds and 90,581 characters are included in the analysis from a three-year period with over 36 million observations, with linear regression to measure the effect of guild membership. Overall findings indicate that guild membership does not aid character leveling to any significant extent. The benefits of guilds may be replicated by players in smaller guilds or not in guilds through game affordances and human sociability.
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Prak, Maarten, Clare Haru Crowston, Bert De Munck, Christopher Kissane, Chris Minns, Ruben Schalk, and Patrick Wallis. "Access to the Trade: Monopoly and Mobility in European Craft Guilds in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries." Journal of Social History 54, no. 2 (November 27, 2019): 421–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jsh/shz070.

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Abstract One of the standard objections against guilds in the premodern world has been their exclusiveness. Guilds have been portrayed as providing unfair advantages to the children of established masters and locals, over immigrants and other outsiders. Privileged access to certain professions and industries is seen as a source of inequality and a disincentive for technological progress. In this paper, we examine this assumption by studying the composition of guild masters and apprentices from a large sample of European towns and cities from 1600 to 1800, focusing on the share who were children of masters or locals. These data offer an indirect measurement of the strength of guild barriers and, by implication, of their monopolies. We find very wide variation between guilds in practice, but most guild masters and apprentices were immigrants or unrelated locals: openness was much more common than closure, especially in larger centers. Our understanding of guild “monopolies” and exclusivity is in need of serious revision.
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Casteels, Isabel. "Haringhandel en heiligenverering : Het toenemend belang van religieuze praktijken binnen het Haarlems Schonenvaardersgilde in de zestiende eeuw." Tijdschrift voor geschiedenis 132, no. 4 (February 1, 2020): 559–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/tvgesch2019.4.003.cast.

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Abstract Herring trade and holy feast. The growing importance of religious practices in the Schonenvaarders guild in sixteenth-century HaarlemThis article examines the importance of religious and social practices for a sixteenth-century guild of herring merchants in Haarlem. Although recent historiography on medieval and early modern corporations has shown the importance of these practices for guild life in general, not much is known regarding merchant guilds specifically. Using practice-oriented sources such as the administration and memberships lists in guild books, and religious artefacts such as the guild’s altar, this article maps the religious and social practices of the guild members. It argues that although in the sixteenth century the guild still presented itself as a guild of herring traders, these economic activities of the guild declined in importance in this period compared with its pre-existing social and religious activities. Thus, the function and practices of the guild changed over time, showing the flexibility of these dynamic institutions. The Schonenvaarders guild shows also the importance of these religious practices for both community cohesion within the guild and corporation-based lay piety in sixteenth-century Haarlem.
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Setyaningrum, Nuning, Sugiharto Sugiharto, and Priyo Susatyo. "Komposisi dan status guild komunitas ikan di Waduk Sempor Jawa Tengah." Depik 9, no. 3 (September 21, 2020): 411–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.13170/depik.9.3.15094.

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Abstract.The functional community is described depends on the function of species in utilization food (guild). The utilization of food is a process of energy transfers in the food chain and it is represented in the pyramid of numbers. The objective of this research was to analyze the structure community of fish and the guild compositions in Sempor Reservoir. This research applied a survey with purposive random sampling technique with four station in Sempor Reservoir. Sampling at each site was taken 4 replication with interval 1 monts. The composition and status of the guild is carried out by mesuring the guild based on the position of the mouth, tooth type, gill filter type, and ratio of body length and intestine. Guilds are composed of compositions depicted by a number pyramid based on the number of species per station. The results of this reserach captured 439 individuals consists of 14 species and belong to 6 families that dominated by Cyprinidae. The number and species of fish caught were the most at the Bangkong river inlet (142 individuals) and the lowest at the center of the reservoir (60 individuals). Comparison of the composition of fish guilds at the four stations in the Sempor Reservoir shows that the number of omnivorous and carnivorous fish is obtained more than herbivorous fish. The composition of the guild at Kalianget river inlet (72.9%) and Central reservoir (42.7%) was dominated by carnivorous fish, while at Pengantalan river inlet (52.9%) and Bangkong (58.9%) were dominated by omnivorous fish. The composition of herbivorous fish is at least at all stations so that in general the composition of fish guilds in the Sempor reservoir has not been balanced.Keywords: species composition, guild, pyramid of number,Sempor reservoir Abstrak. Komunitas secara fungsional menggambarkan fungsi spesies yang ditentukan dengan pemanfaatan sumber makanan (guild). Pemanfaatan makanan dalam rantai makanan merupakan proses transfer energi dan digambarkan dengan piramida jumlah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengkaji komposisi dan tingkat status guild komunitas ikan yang tertangkap di perairan waduk Sempor. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survei dan teknik purposive random sampling pada 4 stasiun di Waduk Sempor. Sampling dilakukan sebanyak 4 kali tiap bulan. Komposisi dan status guild dengan mengukur guild berdasarkan posisi mulut, tipe gigi, tipe tapis insang, dan rasio panjang tubuh dan usus. Komposisi guild digambarkan dengan piramida jumlah berdasarkan jumlah spesies per stasiun. Hasil penelitian diperoleh 439 individu terdiri dari 8 Familia dan 14 Spesies yang di dominasi familia Cyprinidae. Jumlah dan jenis individu ikan yang tertangkap paling banyak pada inlet sungai Bangkong (142 individu) dan terendah pada bagian tengah waduk (60 individu). Perbandingan komposisi guild ikan pada empat stasiun di waduk Sempor menunjukkan bahwa jumlah ikan omnivora dan karnivora lebih banyak diperoleh daripada ikan herbivora. Komposisi guild pada inlet sungai Kalianget (72,9%) dan Tengah waduk (42,7%) di dominasi oleh ikan karnivora, sedangkan pada inlet sungai Pengantalan (52,9%) dan Bangkong (58,9%) di dominasi ikan omnivora. Komposisi ikan herbivora paling sedikit pada semua stasiun sehingga secara umum komposisi guild ikan di waduk Sempor belum seimbang.Kata kunci: komposisi jenis, guild, piramida jumlah, waduk Sempor
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GODDARD, RICHARD. "Medieval business networks: St Mary's guild and the borough court in later medieval Nottingham." Urban History 40, no. 1 (December 19, 2012): 3–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926812000600.

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ABSTRACT:Historians have suggested that medieval urban guilds played a role in political and commercial networking. Guilds’ commercial protectionism was designed to benefit their membership and close ties have been discovered between merchant guilds and urban oligarchies. This article asks if all guilds should be viewed as commercial networking hubs. It uses evidence from a later fourteenth-century membership roll of St Mary's guild in Nottingham in conjunction with Nottingham's borough court rolls to analyse the commercial connections between members and non-members in that period. It concludes that the guild did not function as a networking hub.
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Miller, Owen. "Ties of Labour and Ties of Commerce: Corvée among Seoul Merchants in the Late 19th Century." Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 50, no. 1 (2007): 41–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156852007780323896.

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AbstractThe wealthiest guilds of the Choson Dynasty (1392-1910) capital, Seoul, formed part of the government's provisioning system, providing mainly luxury goods for royal palaces, government offices and tribute gifts to China and Japan. The guild merchants were also expected to provide corvée labour to the government on a regular basis, although by the late nineteenth century much of this labour was commuted to cash payments. Using a collection of surviving documents from the guildhall of the Myonjujon (Guild of Domestic Silk Merchants), this paper looks in detail at the burden of corvée labour, particularly during the politically and economically tumultuous years between 1884 and 1894. It finds that the merchants' corvée reflected the close relationship between guilds and government and also the two-sided nature of this relationship for the merchants. Thus, while they received certain protections and privileges from the government, the guild merchants were also particularly vulnerable to official corruption, which found a damaging outlet in the corvée system. Les guildes les plus riches de la dynastie de Chosaon (1392-1910) Séoul ont fait partie du système de l'approvisionnement du gouvernement, fournissant principalement des marchandises de luxe pour les palais royaux, les bureaux du gouvernement et les cadeaux d'hommage pour la Chine et le Japon. Les guildes était aussi obligés à fournir au gouvernement la corvée régulière, bien que par la fin du dix-neuvième siècle beaucoup de ce travail ait été commuté aux paiements en espèces. En utilisant une collection de documents extant dansla maison de la guilde des marchands en soie domestiques (Myaonjujaon), cet article regarde en détail le fardeau de la corvée, en particulier pendant des années tumultueuses, politiquement et économiquement, entre 1884 et 1894. Il constate que la corvée des marchands reflétait la relation étroite entre les guildes et le gouvernement et également le caractère double de cette relation pour les marchands. Ainsi, alors qu'ils recevaient de certains protections et privilèges du gouvernement, les marchands de guilde étaient particulièrement vulnérables à la corruption officielle qui menait à l'abus du système de la corvée.
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Mattos, Gustavo, Ricardo S. Cardoso, and André Souza Dos Santos. "Environmental effects on the structure of polychaete feeding guilds on the beaches of Sepetiba Bay, south-eastern Brazil." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 93, no. 4 (June 14, 2012): 973–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315412000707.

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Several studies have been conducted to explain patterns of the abundance, richness and diversity of sandy-beach macrofauna; however, such analyses have ignored the overall functional structure of macrofauna communities. Few studies have examined polychaete feeding guilds on sandy beach environments. To examine the effects of environmental factors on polychaete feeding guilds on sandy beaches, 12 sandy beaches from five islands in Sepetiba Bay were sampled. A total of 24 polychaete morphospecies, grouped among 21 families, were identified in these sandy beaches. The polychaete species were classified into 10 feeding guilds, and the SDT guild (suspended-deposit feeders, discretely motile, with tentacles) was the most abundant feeding guild, with 34.2% of total number of organisms. The highest trophic importance index and index of trophic diversity values were recorded on the sheltered beaches. A canonical correspondence analysis showed that the exposure rate, beach length, and grain size of the beach sediment significantly affected the polychaete feeding guild distribution and abundance. We can conclude that sheltered beaches have a higher diversity of feeding guilds than exposed beaches and that the biological descriptors of the feeding guilds are directly associated with the grain size of the sediment.
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Ogilvie, Sheilagh. "The Economics of Guilds." Journal of Economic Perspectives 28, no. 4 (November 1, 2014): 169–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.28.4.169.

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Occupational guilds in medieval and early modern Europe offered an effective institutional mechanism whereby two powerful groups, guild members and political elites, could collaborate in capturing a larger slice of the economic pie and redistributing it to themselves at the expense of the rest of the economy. Guilds provided an organizational mechanism for groups of businessmen to negotiate with political elites for exclusive legal privileges that allowed them to reap monopoly rents. Guild members then used their guilds to redirect a share of these rents to political elites in return for support and enforcement. In short, guilds enabled their members and political elites to negotiate a way of extracting rents in the manufacturing and commercial sectors, rents that neither party could have extracted on its own. First, I provide an overview of where and when European guilds arose, what occupations they encompassed, how large they were, and how they varied across time and space. I then examine how guild activities affected market competition, commercial security, contract enforcement, product quality, human capital, and technological innovation. The historical findings on guilds provide strong support for the view that institutions arise and survive for centuries not because they are efficient but because they serve the distributional interests of powerful groups.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Guild"

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Indest, Michael Oscar Jr. "Internship for the Metropolitan Opera Guild." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2008. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/aa_rpts/4.

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The following report documents the internship performed by Michael Indest, Jr. at the Metropolitan Opera Guild in New York City. Since 1935, the Metropolitan Opera Guild has supported the Metropolitan Opera Association as a separate nonprofit organization in order to ensure the continuing survival of this esteemed opera company. The Guild operates from its office buildings in the Rose Building at 70 Lincoln Center Plaza, in New York City. During his time at the Rose Building, Mr. Indest worked closely with the Development and Education Departments, and was responsible for writing instructional study guides and grant appropriate materials for those departments. This report catalogues the duties performed by Mr. Indest and the scope of his contribution. It discusses issues encountered during that process, and also provides a SWOT analysis of the organization. The report examines the best practices performed by similar organizations and provides practical recommendations to foster increased effectiveness within the Guild. Finally, the report discusses Mr. Indest's contributions as an intern and their short and long-term effects. It should also be noted that Mr. Indest's experience was solely with the Guild, and the statements and analysis included in this report do not in any way reflect the practices of the Metropolitan Opera Association.
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Lewis, Colin A. "The Guild comes of age! Peals and quarters at South African Guild meetings, 1988-2008. Part 1." The Ringing World, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012386.

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The founding meeting of the South African Guild was held in Grahamstown during the first weekend of July 1988. Dedication of the bells and new frame at Grahamstown cathedral marked the completion of the first Guild project to ensure that all rings of bells in South Africa were in good condition. This first part of the article takes us up to the completion of the Grahamstown restoration.
Colin Lewis was Professor of Geography at Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa from 1989 until his retirement at the end of 2007. In 1990, with the strong support of the incumbent Vice-Chancellor, Dr Derek Henderson, he instigated the Certificate in Change Ringing (Church Bell Ringing) in the Rhodes University Department of Music and Musicology - the first such course to be offered in Africa. Since that date he has lectured in the basic theory, and taught the practice of change ringing. He is the Ringing Master of the Cathedral of St Michael and St George, Grahamstown, South Africa.
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Taylor, G. W. "A.R. Orage, The New Age and Guild Socialism." Thesis, Swansea University, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.639164.

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This study does not purport to be an intellectual biography of Orage, nor does it claim to comprehend Guild Socialism in all of its forms. It is, rather, an attempt to analyse the influence of A.R. Orage and The New Age upon the development of Guild Socialist ideas. The first part of the study deals with the influence of Orage upon the development of Guild Socialism in The New Age. It concentrates upon the relationship between his philosophical and political ideas, and argues that the tension between his search for the spiritual liberation of the individual and his hopes for the liberation of the national character had significant repercussions on his relations with the guildsmen of The New Age. This is illustrated by focussing upon his dialogues with A.J. Penty, S.G. Hobson, Ramiro de Maeztu and Major C.H. Douglas. We find that Orage travelled through so many forms of Guild Socialism because none of his associates were able to satisfy his philosophical and political aspirations. The thesis then moves on to trace some of the ideas developed by Orage and The New Age and attempts to evaluate their impact upon two other Guild Socialist organisations. This section deals with selected themes and focuses, in particular, upon economic ideas, conceptions of the state, and industrial policies. It begins with an analysis of G.D.H. Cole and the National Guilds League, and concludes with chapters on Maurice Reckitt and the Church Socialist League. It is argued that Orage and his associates in The New Age were important in both the origins and development of Guild Socialism. In particular, they were responsible for developing 'right wing' ideas which attracted influential sections of the movement.
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Sandlin, Elizabeth Ann. "Information use and species interactions in a hummingbird guild." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282865.

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How might an individual's ability to learn environmental information affect competitive interactions among species? Learned behavior can influence foraging decisions. Competition for food resources can influence patterns of species coexistence via habitat selection. I wondered if both learned behavior and competition might act together to influence interactions among species. I used Rosenzweig's shared-preference isoleg theory to predict four possible ways that differences in environmental information could affect density-dependent habitat selection. To test these predictions, I conducted field experiments to examine the foraging behavior of free-living hummingbirds. I studied black-chinned (Archilochus alexandri), blue-throated (Lampornis clemenciae), and magnificent (Eugenes fulgens) hummingbirds where they coexist in the Chiricahua Mts. of Southeastern AZ. I gave hummingbirds two types of habitats (rich and poor feeders) and let them learn to associate colors with feeder quality. I confirmed that learned color associations can increase hummingbird foraging efficiency. All birds shared a preference for the rich feeders. However, they will shift their preference toward poor feeders when competitor densities are high (Pimm et al. 1985). I quantified hummingbirds' preferences for the rich feeders when both competitor densities and information (via learned color cues) varied. The data support my fourth prediction---that birds foraging with complete information enjoy reduced negative effects from competition. Without complete information, the two subordinate species (black-chinned and magnificent) shifted their preference away from rich feeders in response to high densities of the dominant species (blue-throated). Each subordinate shifted in a unique way; the black-chinned reduced its foraging efficiency, while the magnificent reduced its total foraging time. Birds foraging with complete information remained highly selective on rich feeders even with high competitor densities. Thus, learned information affected competitive interactions (for rich feeders) among these species. My results require us to consider the information-gathering (e.g., learning) abilities of individual decision-makers when we evaluate density-dependent habitat selection. These results should help us better explain patterns of species diversity and distribution, especially for cases in which species learn environmental cues. This study provides the first demonstration, either theoretically or empirically, of a link between learned behavior and its cascading effects within a guild of coexisting species.
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Hoshizaki, Kazuhiko. "Regeneration dynamics of a sub-dominant tree Aesculus turbinata in a beechdominated forest : Interactions between large-seeded tree guild and seed/seedling consumer guild." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/181995.

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Davies, Matthew P. "The tailors of London and their guild, c.1300-1500." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:577c6a65-92cb-4f30-b4fd-e123096dbf43.

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This thesis examines the roles played by craft organisations or 'guilds' in medieval urban society through a case study of the tailors of London in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. Using the records of the City and of the guilds themselves, including the important early records of the Tailors, this study seeks to answer important questions about the nature of these organisations and the impact which they had upon urban society. Far from being the mere 'agents' of municipal governments, craft guilds often performed important and constructive functions on behalf of the artisans themselves. The first two chapters examine the extent to which voluntarism characterized the activities of many of these associations: the guild of London tailors, though unusual in the scale and scope of its spiritual and charitable provision, embodied widely shared principles of association which were not articulated solely through parish guilds. Subsequent chapters look at the ways in which the Tailors' guild expressed and articulated other concerns of their members and those outside the ruling guild: in the sphere of City politics, for instance, the Tailors came to represent the aspirations of many poorer citizens through their struggle for civic prominence. Likewise, in the sphere of economic regulation, this thesis demonstrates the ways in which the Tailors' guild, among others, was able to introduce flexible and pragmatic policies of enforcement, based upon the shared interests of those inside and outside the decision-making groups. The final section of the thesis then examines more closely the limitations of impressions of economic structures derived purely from guild statutes. First, the nature of apprenticeship and servanthood in medieval London is examined with particular emphasis upon the differing perceptions of these 'life-cycle institutions' by all concerned. Secondly, a systematic analysis of the structure of the tailoring industry in London is carried out and explores the remarkable diversity of economic life in the capital.
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Firmiano, Luana Paula Santos da silva. "Impacto da resolução de atributos funcionais de hábito alimentar em padrões de diversidade funcional das assembleias de peixes tropicais." Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 2016. http://www.repositorio.ufal.br/handle/riufal/1482.

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Community descriptors based on attributes have been widely used to make inferences about mounting rules in a community. The level of discrimination used to identify attributes (resolution) influence the estimates of diversity at the community level. Thus, the practical decisions about how the attributes are measured may have repercussions on the patterns of diversity and its correlation with forecast variables. We have developed a framework to evaluate: i) how much information is lost when the resolution on the measurement of performance is reduced, and; II) to what extent the morphological characteristics and phylogeny can be used as a substitute for strategy. We tested also the resolution on the measurement of attributes affects the ability to discriminate different functional diversity marine habitats. We used empirical data from the community of marine fish and correlate with the array of more detailed resolution diet (proportion of food items in the stomach contents of the collected specimens) with matrices (for par) on different resolutions of diet (trophic array based on secondary data; in primary data; primary data of presence and absence of diet food items; primary data as the 0 , 1 and 2 according to itensde foods of importance), eco-morphology and phylogeny. We will then use a functional diversity index (FD) between three regions (influenced by the reef, lagoon and estuary) using different resolutions of attributes, phylogeny and ecomorphology. Phylogeny and ecomorfológicas characteristics were not correlated with the food strategy of the species. However, there was a strong correlation (0.7) between maximum resolution and diet data obtained at the expense of lower resolutions data. Significantly, the resolution was the only one able to discriminate different tropical habitats. These results do not support the use of substitutes for trophic characteristics and highlights the importance the resolution of trophic attributes as a measure to be considered in studies of functional diversity.
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Descritores da comunidade baseada em atributos têm sido amplamente utilizados para fazer inferências sobre regras de montagem em uma comunidade. O nível de discriminação usado para identificar atributos (resolução) influencia as estimativas de diversidade ao nível da comunidade. Assim, as decisões práticas sobre como os atributos serão medidos pode ter consequências sobre os padrões de diversidade e sua correlação com variáveis de previsão. Nós desenvolvemos um framework para avaliar: i) quanta informação é perdida quando a resolução na medição de características funcionais é reduzida, e; ii) até que ponto as características morfológicas e filogenia podem ser usados como substitutos de estratégia de alimentação. Nós testamos também se a resolução na medição de atributos afeta a capacidade da diversidade funcional em discriminar diferentes habitats marinhos. Foram utilizados dados empíricos da comunidade de peixes marinhos e correlacionamos com a matriz da resolução mais detalhada de dieta (proporção de itens alimentares no conteúdo estomacal dos exemplares coletados) com as matrizes (par a par) em diferentes resoluções da dieta (matriz trófica com base em dados secundários; em dados primários; dados primários de dieta com presença e ausência de itens alimentares; dados primários como a 0, 1 e 2 de acordo com itensde alimentos de importância), ecomorfologia e filogenia. Nós, então, utilizamos um índice de diversidade funcional (FD) entre três regiões marinhas (influenciado pelo recife, lagoa e estuário) usando diferentes resoluções de atributos, filogenia e ecomorfologia. Filogenia e características ecomorfológicas não foram correlacionadas com a estratégia alimentar das espécies. No entanto, houve uma forte correlação (0,7) entre resolução máxima e dieta obtida por dados, em detrimento a dados de resoluções mais baixas. Significativamente, a resolução foi a única capaz de discriminar diferentes habitats tropicais. Esses resultados não suportam o uso de substitutos para características tróficas e destaca a importância da resolução de atributos tróficos como medida a ser considerada em estudos de diversidade funcional.
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McKercher, Catherine. "From Newspaper Guild to multimedia union, a study in labour convergence." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ47722.pdf.

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Hitchmough, Ruth Wendy. "Studies in the symbolism and spirituality of the arts and crafts movement." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.340859.

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Miller, Owen. "The silk merchants of the Myonjujon : Guild and Government in late choson Korea." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.497535.

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Books on the topic "Guild"

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Edward, Gorman. Guild. Waterville, Me: Thorndike Press, 2009.

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Edward, Gorman. Guild. New York: M. Evans, 1987.

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Edward, Gorman. Guild. Boston: G.K. Hall, 1989.

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Edward, Gorman. Guild. New York: Leisure Books, 2009.

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Day, Felicia. The guild. Milwaukie, OR: Dark Horse Books, 2010.

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Hembree, P. Ryan. Hayden's guild. Camano Island, Washington: Heart Ally Books, 2014.

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George, MacDonald. Guild court. Eureka, Calif: Sunrise Books, 2004.

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Thompson, Alma Lynn. The guild in the granary: A Granary Guild novel. [Grove City, Ohio]: McDiggs Pub., 2008.

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The guild in the granary: A Granary Guild novel. [Grove City, Ohio]: McDiggs Pub., 2008.

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Treasures from the Embroiderers' Guild Collection: The embroiderers' guild. Newton Abbott: David & Charles, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Guild"

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Peck, Stewart B., Carol C. Mapes, Netta Dorchin, John B. Heppner, Eileen A. Buss, Gustavo Moya-Raygoza, Marjorie A. Hoy, et al. "Guild." In Encyclopedia of Entomology, 1754. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_1219.

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Reitner, Joachim, and Volker Thiel. "Guild." In Encyclopedia of Geobiology, 436. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9212-1_262.

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Frank, J. Howard, J. Howard Frank, Michael C. Thomas, Allan A. Yousten, F. William Howard, Robin M. Giblin-davis, John B. Heppner, et al. "Predatory Guild." In Encyclopedia of Entomology, 3042. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_3114.

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Hunt, Robert. "Guild, John." In Encyclopedia of Color Science and Technology, 1–2. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27851-8_291-1.

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Hunt, Robert W. G. "Guild, John." In Encyclopedia of Color Science and Technology, 705–6. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8071-7_291.

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Emmens, Ben. "‘The Virtual Guild’." In Conscious Collaboration, 149–59. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-53805-5_13.

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Elio. "Musings: The Guild." In In the Company of Microbes, 198–99. Washington, DC, USA: ASM Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555819606.ch50.

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Heimmermann, Daniel. "The Guild Communities." In Work, Regulation, and Identity in Provincial France, 67–83. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137438591_4.

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Kacmar, Donna. "Guild House Hotel." In Big Little Hotel, 138–44. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003284253-19.

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Shamey, Renzo, and Robert W. G. Hunt. "Guild, John 1889–1979." In Pioneers of Color Science, 293–95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30811-1_64.

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Conference papers on the topic "Guild"

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Norton, Juliet, Sahand Nayebaziz, Sean Burke, B. Jack Pan, and Bill Tomlinson. "Plant guild composer." In CHI '14: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2559206.2574826.

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Thomas, Don. "Guild structure inChrysinabeetles." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.107557.

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Detofeno, Thober, Sheila Reinehr, and Malucelli Andreia. "Technical Debt Guild." In SBQS '21: XX Brazilian Symposium on Software Quality. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3493244.3493271.

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Widrig, Klara E., and Nicholas A. Famoso. "NICHE PARTITIONING IN AN OLIGOCENE CARNIVORE GUILD." In GSA Annual Meeting in Seattle, Washington, USA - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017am-306622.

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Costa, Carlos J. "Medieval guild as metaphor to a knowledge sharing community." In the 2011 Workshop. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2016716.2016732.

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Jukar, Advait. "THE SIZE-STRUCTURE OF THE HERBIVORE GUILD THROUGH TIME." In GSA Connects 2021 in Portland, Oregon. Geological Society of America, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2021am-371089.

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Freymueller, Nicholas, Corinne Myers, and Felisa A. Smith. "FELID GUILD ECOLOGICAL NICHE DYNAMICS PRE- AND POST-PLEISTOCENE MEGAFAUNAL EXTINCTION." In GSA Annual Meeting in Phoenix, Arizona, USA - 2019. Geological Society of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2019am-341379.

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Grekov, I., and A. Muravyeva. "СТАНОВЛЕНИЕ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЙ ПОМОГАЮЩЕЙ ИГРОПРАКТИКИ В РОССИИ." In ПЕРВЫЙ МЕЖКОНТИНЕНТАЛЬНЫЙ ЭКСТЕРРИТОРИАЛЬНЫЙ КОНГРЕСС «ПЛАНЕТА ПСИХОТЕРАПИИ 2022: ДЕТИ. СЕМЬЯ. ОБЩЕСТВО. БУДУЩЕЕ». Crossref, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54775/ppl.2022.13.34.001.

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The article includes data of International Professional Guild of Psychologists Game Practitioners (PGPGP) and AllRussian Professional Psychotherapeutic League (PPL) members' professional contribution to the development of helping game practice in Russia. В статье приводятся факты профессионального вклада членов Международной Профессиональная гильдии психологов-игропрактиков (МПГПИ) и Общероссийской Профессиональной Психотерапевтической Лиги (ОППЛ) в развитие направления помогающей игропрактики в России.
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van Baaren, Joan. "Ecological filters driving life-history traits in a guild of insect parasitoids." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.108977.

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Gandhi, Kamal J. K. "Multi-trophic semiochemical interactions within the pine beetle guild in the southern U.S." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.93138.

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Reports on the topic "Guild"

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Schreiber, Eric R., and William R. Whitworth. Land Condition Trend Analysis Avian Database: Ecological Guild-based Summaries. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada351048.

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Richardson, Gary, and Michael McBride. Religion, Longevity, and Cooperation: The Case of the Craft Guild. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w14004.

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Severinghaus, William D., and Terry D. James. Proceedings: Conference on Applications of the Guild Concept to Environmental Management. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada167190.

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DeSaix, Matthew. Bird community monitoring at New River Gorge National River, Gauley River National Recreation Area, and Bluestone National Scenic River, 1997 - 2018. National Park Service, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2289846.

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Birds are prominent features of National Park Service lands and are effective indicators for monitoring ecosystem health. Assessing the temporal change of avian species abundance depends on long-term monitoring of bird communities and trends, however long-term monitoring programs are generally uncommon. In this report, we summarize 22 years (1997-2018) of point count data across five sites on West Virginia National Park Service lands (three in New River Gorge National River, one in Gauley River National Recreation Area, and one in Bluestone National Scenic River) and compare these results to our analysis of Breeding Bird Survey data for the same time period across all of West Virginia. The objectives of this analysis are two-fold: 1) describe the biotic integrity of the National Park Service lands in West Virginia and 2) Quantify trends in guilds and species abundance. During the 20-year period of this survey, 85 breeding resident species were detected. The West Virginia National Park Service lands are home to stable populations of Wood Thrush and Yellow-billed Cuckoo, both species of continental concern by Partners in Flight. Seven species have declined precipitously on NPS lands during this time period. Three of these species are also experiencing declines across the rest of West Virginia (Blue-gray Gnatcatcher, Carolina Chickadee, Kentucky Warbler), but the other 4 species are stable across West Virginia (Acadian Flycatcher, Black-throated Green Warbler, Northern Parula, Swainson’s Warbler). Four species that are declining across West Virginia (Great Crested Flycatcher, Indigo Bunting, Red-eyed Vireo, and Worm-eating Warbler) are stable on southern West Virginia NPS lands. Additionally, the upper-canopy foraging guild of species has decreased significantly on NPS lands in southern West Virginia. An analysis of community biotic integrity revealed that the southern West Virginia NPS lands have been stable at a rating of high biotic integrity every year for the duration of this survey. Future research should delve into the underlying factors that may be driving the trends in abundance at different scales.
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Hu, Jonathan Joseph, Andrey Prokopenko, Tobias A. Wiesner, Christopher Siefert, and Raymond S. Tuminaro. MueLu User's Guid for Trilinos Version 11.12. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1160320.

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Ki, Chung-Wha, Kang-Bok Lee, and Youn-Kyung Kim. Luxury Fashion Consumption: The Interplay of Guilt and Pleasure. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, November 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-98.

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Ki, Chung-Wha, Theresa Hyunjin Kwon, and Youn-Kyung Kim. Luxury Fashion Consumers: Comparing High and Low Guilt Groups. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-1762.

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Leis, Sherry, and Mary Short. George Washington Carver National Monument plant community report: 2004–2020. Edited by Tani Hubbard. National Park Service, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2288500.

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The Heartland Inventory and Monitoring Network completed its sixth year of plant community monitoring at George Washington Carver National Monument in 2020. Plant community monitoring focused on the restored prairie community. We visited seven monitoring sites in each of the six years and collected data on plant species and ground cover. In this report we also included two environmental factors—precipitation and recent fire history—to better understand the vegetation community status and trends. Since 2000, precipitation has often been below the 30-year normal. Moreover, annual precipitation was below normal for all but one of the monitoring years. We found that the drought in 2012 stood out as possibly influencing plant guild cover. Although prairies are adapted to drought, further analyses might reveal more about the role of climate change in these vegetation communities. Fire management also plays an important role in shaping plant communities. Prescribed fire occurrence became more frequent and consistent through the period of plant monitoring. Additional treatments, including herbicide and mowing, also supported a healthy prairie. The prairie plant community continues to be moderately diverse despite recent increases in tree seedlings and small saplings. Species richness in 2012 was different than in two of the six years monitored. However, diversity indices (H′ and J′) were very similar across monitored years. Species guilds (also known as functional groups) exhibited differing patterns. Woody plants, long a concern at the monument, were statistically similar across years. In 2020, grass-like species increased, but grass species appeared to have declined below prior years. Grass cover in 2004 was statistically different (greater) than in 2008 and 2020. The reasons for this are not clear. Of particular interest to the park is the status of two sumac species (Rhus glabra and R. copallinum). These species were in decline as a result of focused management actions since 2012. However, the blackberry species (Rubus spp.) seemed to be replacing the sumac in some sites. In 2020, nonnative species richness and cover were below peak levels, demonstrating management actions have been successful in maintaining low levels. The vegetation monitoring protocol experienced some changes between 2004 and 2020. A key difference was a shift from sampling twice during the field season to sampling only once in a monitoring year. Although a decline in species richness was anticipated, that pattern was not apparent. However, the abundance of grasses may have been affected by the shift in seasonality of sampling. Additionally, we remedied inconsistencies in how tree regeneration was recorded (stem tallies in some cases and cover estimates in other cases). We converted all cover data to stem tallies and density was calculated to be consistent with the protocol. The monument has had success with coordinating fire management and invasive species management. A decrease in sumac across the prairie is evidence of this success. These actions will continue to be important for maintaining the prairie in good condition into the future.
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MacLeod, W. Bentley, and Teck Yong Tan. Optimal Contracting with Subjective Evaluation: The Effects of Timing, Malfeasance and Guile. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, April 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w22156.

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de la Croix, David, Matthias Doepke, and Joel Mokyr. Clans, Guilds, and Markets: Apprenticeship Institutions and Growth in the Pre-Industrial Economy. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, March 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w22131.

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