Academic literature on the topic 'Guild articles'
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Journal articles on the topic "Guild articles"
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HAEMERS, JELLE, GERRIT VERHOEVEN, JEROEN PUTTEVILS, and PETER JONES. "Review of periodical articles." Urban History 43, no. 2 (2016): 306–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926815001005.
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One of the key concepts of Max Weber's writings on cities was that in north-western Europe, the landed nobility and urban elites were clearly distinguished. For Weber, this was indeed a main reason to locate the occidental city in the north rather than in the Mediterranean. Christof Rolker tackles this question in his ‘Heraldische Orgien und Sozialer Aufstieg. Oder: Wo ist eigentlich “oben” in der spätmittelalterlichen Stadt?’, Zeitschrift für Historische Forschung, 52 (2015), 191–224. The in-depth analysis of one of the largest and at the same time most widespread armorials in the late medieval Holy Empire, namely that of Konrad Grünenberg (d. 1494), demonstrates that in Konstanz (where Grünenberg lived) guilds (and not the nobility) first insisted on patrilineal descent as a proof of status. Traditionally, Grünenberg is seen as a paradigmatic social climber, as he left his guild to join the society of the local nobility (called ‘Zur Katz’). Yet his sumptuous armorial, containing over 2,000 coat of arms mainly from the south-west of the Empire, does not mention any single member of this noble society. Instead, it praises the tournament societies of which Grünenberg was not a member, and highlights chivalric events in which he never participated. This, Rolker argues, indicates that armorials were not only about status already gained or to be gained, but also a manual for contemporaries to discuss the social order in a more abstract way. In his ‘Wappenbuch’, Grünenberg constantly explains why he could not join the noble societies he praised, while at the same time he ignored the ‘Zur Katz’ association of which he was a member. Therefore, Rolker concludes that it was not only members (or would-be members) of the respective social groups who knew and reproduced social codes. So the boundary between noble and urban elites was more blurred than Weber claimed – though Rolker is of course not the first to criticize Weber on this. Clearly, Grünenberg's armorial was part and parcel of a wider discussion of origins and kinship, namely patrilineal kinship that took place in several social milieux, rather than simply a book which displayed inherited status.
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Goode, Ian, Sarah Neely, Callum G. Brown, and Ealasaid Munro. "The Media and Modernity: Film and New Media in the Highlands and Islands 1946–1971: Introduction." Northern Scotland 11, no. 1 (2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/nor.2020.0201.
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The Highlands and Islands Film Guild is briefly surveyed in this article that introduces the Special Issue on Media and Modernity. The foundations, principles and manner of operation are outlined, as well as the interdisciplinary research project. The article starts with a review of literature on the nature of society in the Highlands and Islands, and the way that researchers regard it as ‘the other’ in historical and ethnographic research within the United Kingdom. We note the work undertaken in cultural history that has tended to treat the Highland zone as disjoined in governance and everyday life. The researchers’ different approaches and methods are then discussed, moving through specialists in film and television, creative arts, religious and cultural history, and social geography. Finally, the article introduces the articles that follow in the Special Issue.
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Miller, Owen. "Ties of Labour and Ties of Commerce: Corvée among Seoul Merchants in the Late 19th Century." Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 50, no. 1 (2007): 41–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156852007780323896.
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AbstractThe wealthiest guilds of the Choson Dynasty (1392-1910) capital, Seoul, formed part of the government's provisioning system, providing mainly luxury goods for royal palaces, government offices and tribute gifts to China and Japan. The guild merchants were also expected to provide corvée labour to the government on a regular basis, although by the late nineteenth century much of this labour was commuted to cash payments. Using a collection of surviving documents from the guildhall of the Myonjujon (Guild of Domestic Silk Merchants), this paper looks in detail at the burden of corvée labour, particularly during the politically and economically tumultuous years between 1884 and 1894. It finds that the merchants' corvée reflected the close relationship between guilds and government and also the two-sided nature of this relationship for the merchants. Thus, while they received certain protections and privileges from the government, the guild merchants were also particularly vulnerable to official corruption, which found a damaging outlet in the corvée system. Les guildes les plus riches de la dynastie de Chosaon (1392-1910) Séoul ont fait partie du système de l'approvisionnement du gouvernement, fournissant principalement des marchandises de luxe pour les palais royaux, les bureaux du gouvernement et les cadeaux d'hommage pour la Chine et le Japon. Les guildes était aussi obligés à fournir au gouvernement la corvée régulière, bien que par la fin du dix-neuvième siècle beaucoup de ce travail ait été commuté aux paiements en espèces. En utilisant une collection de documents extant dansla maison de la guilde des marchands en soie domestiques (Myaonjujaon), cet article regarde en détail le fardeau de la corvée, en particulier pendant des années tumultueuses, politiquement et économiquement, entre 1884 et 1894. Il constate que la corvée des marchands reflétait la relation étroite entre les guildes et le gouvernement et également le caractère double de cette relation pour les marchands. Ainsi, alors qu'ils recevaient de certains protections et privilèges du gouvernement, les marchands de guilde étaient particulièrement vulnérables à la corruption officielle qui menait à l'abus du système de la corvée.
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GODDARD, RICHARD. "Medieval business networks: St Mary's guild and the borough court in later medieval Nottingham." Urban History 40, no. 1 (2012): 3–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926812000600.
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ABSTRACT:Historians have suggested that medieval urban guilds played a role in political and commercial networking. Guilds’ commercial protectionism was designed to benefit their membership and close ties have been discovered between merchant guilds and urban oligarchies. This article asks if all guilds should be viewed as commercial networking hubs. It uses evidence from a later fourteenth-century membership roll of St Mary's guild in Nottingham in conjunction with Nottingham's borough court rolls to analyse the commercial connections between members and non-members in that period. It concludes that the guild did not function as a networking hub.
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YONEYAMA, MASARU. "The decline of guilds and their monopoly in English provincial towns, with particular reference to Exeter." Urban History 46, no. 3 (2018): 443–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926818000408.
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ABSTRACTThis article examines the decline of the craft guilds in early modern England by way of a case-study of the Tuckers’ Company in Exeter. From the 1980s, this case figured prominently in the historiographical debate concerning guild decline; however, it has not been examined recently. The current study reveals the Tuckers’ Company is not a case of decline in guild membership so much as a case of the loss of guild monopoly and a concomitant transition to charitable functions. On the basis of empirical sources, this study also reveals the mechanisms and context of this transformation in the post-Civil War politics of the city of Exeter. Specific attention is given to first, the decline of royal authority bolstering the guild against the city government and secondly, the shift of power in the guild with the ascendance of the merchant fullers. Finally, the historiographical implications of the article's findings are discussed.
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Dambruyne, Johan. "Guilds, Social Mobility and Status in Sixteenth-Century Ghent." International Review of Social History 43, no. 1 (1998): 31–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859098000029.
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This article investigates the relationship between social mobility and status in guilds and the political situation in sixteenth-century Ghent. First, it argues that Ghent guilds showed neither a static picture of upward mobility nor a rectilinear and one-way evolution. It demonstrates that the opportunities for social promotion within the guild system were, to a great extent, determined by the successive political regimes of the city. Second, the article proves that the guild boards in the sixteenth century had neither a typically oligarchic nor a typically democratic character. Third, the investigation of the houses in which master craftsmen lived shows that guild masters should not be depicted as a monolithic social bloc, but that significant differences in status and wealth existed. The article concludes that there was no linear positive connection between the duration of a master craftsman's career and his wealth and social position.
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Casteels, Isabel. "Haringhandel en heiligenverering : Het toenemend belang van religieuze praktijken binnen het Haarlems Schonenvaardersgilde in de zestiende eeuw." Tijdschrift voor geschiedenis 132, no. 4 (2020): 559–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/tvgesch2019.4.003.cast.
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Abstract Herring trade and holy feast. The growing importance of religious practices in the Schonenvaarders guild in sixteenth-century HaarlemThis article examines the importance of religious and social practices for a sixteenth-century guild of herring merchants in Haarlem. Although recent historiography on medieval and early modern corporations has shown the importance of these practices for guild life in general, not much is known regarding merchant guilds specifically. Using practice-oriented sources such as the administration and memberships lists in guild books, and religious artefacts such as the guild’s altar, this article maps the religious and social practices of the guild members. It argues that although in the sixteenth century the guild still presented itself as a guild of herring traders, these economic activities of the guild declined in importance in this period compared with its pre-existing social and religious activities. Thus, the function and practices of the guild changed over time, showing the flexibility of these dynamic institutions. The Schonenvaarders guild shows also the importance of these religious practices for both community cohesion within the guild and corporation-based lay piety in sixteenth-century Haarlem.
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Bruyn, J. "Het altaar van het Antwerpse kuipersgilde en Quinten Massys'Bewening te Ottawa." Oud Holland - Quarterly for Dutch Art History 116, no. 2 (2003): 65–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187501703x00206.
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AbstractThe Altar of the Antwerp Coopers' Guild and Quinten Massy In 1938 two distinguished scholars, Max J. Friedländer and Floris Prims, one a reknowned connoisseur of Early Netherlandish painting and the other an indefatigable digger in the Antwerp archives, published articles that might well have bearing on the same picture, yet have never been connected either then or later. From the evidence collected by Prims (notes 2 to 7) it appears that the Antwerp coopers, after having separated from the joiners with whom they had shared a guild until 1497, obtained an altar of their own in Our Lady's church. A picture standing on this altar is mentioned first in 1655. It is described as representing The 'Afdoening' of Our Lord from the Cross with two doors (the term 'afdoening' being used to describe a Deposition as well as a Lamentation). An inventory of 1660 gives the same description with the addition 'made by Quinten Massys'. The altar survived until about 1680, when a new marble altar with sculpture and paintings was ordered; this was completed by 1684 and the old altar-piece was hung above the entrance door of the guild room without the doors being mentioned. It was sold in 1697 when the guild had run into financial trouble. Half a century later the painter Jacob de Wit still knew of it and described it as showing 'figures smaller than life, Christ taken from the Cross with Our Lady, St Mary Magdalen and others, (....) by Quinten Massys, the second painting he did, not quite as good as the one in the Cirumcision chapel [originally on the altar of the joiners; fig. 2]; it was sold but is still in the town' (note 3,). Friedländer, for his part, concluded that the Lamentation which was to be purchased by the National Gallery of Canada in 1949 'cannot be regarded as anything but an early work by Quentin' (note I). This attribution, which had earlier been refuted by Baldass, was then disputed by Silver (note II). This author considered the Ottawa picture a somewhat later pastiche after a lost Lamentation in Massys' mature style of which a fragment in Berlin, showing s'Lamentation in Ottawa a weeping woman (wrongly called Mary Magdalen), resembles one of the mourning women in the Ottawa Lamention (fig. 7). This theory is however contradicted by the picture's quality and seems to be prompted by a mistaken reconstruction of Massys' early development (see below). Similarities between the Lamentation and other early works that can be ascribed tot Massys (figs 3 and 17) are obvious though the course of his development prior to the great altar-pieces of 1507-1511remains in many respects unclear. When attempting to bring some light to the chronology of Massys' works from about 1491 (when he left Louvain for Antwerp at the age of 25) to 1507, one may take into account three medallions that have been attributed to him, two of them being dated 1491 and one 1495 (notes 18-24). They may be loosely associated with features that recurr in the Lamentation. An Italian-style medal of William Schevez, archbishop of St. Andrews, who stayed for a few months at Louvain in 1491, raises the question of whether the same sitter may be recognised in a painted portrait, which would then be Quinten's earliest datable picture (figs 8 and 9). The portrait of the artist himself, dated 1495 (fig 10), was in great esteem and provided the prototype for a print by Jheronimus Wierix (published by Lampsonius in 1572), where the bust was extended to a half-figure; it was also copied in an oval painting that was reproduced in a work by Frans Francken II (figs. I and IIa) and it was probably that very painting which was owned by the Antwerp guild of St. Luke and was considerd an original self-portrait when it was confiscated by the French in 1794 (and subsequently disappeared). It seems likely that the medallion's date of 1495 provides a terminus post quem for the Ottawa Lamentation. A more precise date may be inferred from the obvious borrowings from the Lamentation found in a large triptych in Lisbon (figs 13 and 14). This work may be attributed to one 'Eduwart Portuga
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Coffin, Judith G. "Gender and the Guild Order: The Garment Trades in Eighteenth-Century Paris." Journal of Economic History 54, no. 4 (1994): 768–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700015485.
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This article concerns female labor, guild organization, and eighteenth-century political economy. The first half of the article analyzes the changing relations between the major men's and women's guilds in the Parisian clothing trades, the norms that governed those relations, and the social and economic forces that reshaped them. The second half focuses on pre-revolutionary petitions from the guilds, which illustrate dramatically the different ways in which guildsmen and women interpreted the rules of gender in the corporate order. The guildswomen's distinctive perspective reflected their history, experience, and changing currents of economic thought.
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CROMBIE, LAURA. "Craft guild ideology and urban literature: theFour Crowned Martyrsand theLives of Saints Nazarius and Celsusas told by the masons’ guild of fifteenth-century Ghent." Urban History 45, no. 3 (2017): 404–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926817000578.
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ABSTRACT:The economic and political dimensions of guilds in medieval Flanders, especially medieval Ghent, have been well studied for generations. It is often noted that guilds were more than work organizations, and that their religious and social activities made them very like confraternities, but exploring the cultural and ideological side of guilds can be hampered by less surviving evidence. The present article attempts to address this lacuna by using poems written by/for the masons’ guild in fifteenth-century Ghent, taking an interdisciplinary perspective to examine ideals of community, hierarchy and the sacralization of labour from an urban perspective.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Guild articles"
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Kašparovská, Lenka. "Cechy v Uherském Brodě." Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-351947.
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The Abstract The present work deals with the guilds, which operate on the territory of Uherský Brod from its inception to the year 1859, when the guilds were replaced by trade licensing crafts. The introductory part brings the history of the city itself and guild system. An important milestone in the life of the guilds became the release of the general guild patent and articles. Said instruments are described in separate chapters. The main part is divided into five groups according to the orientation of individual trades, which is an attempt to answer questions about the formation of the guild and its development from archival sources. Emphasis was placed on the analysis guild articles. The work is accompanied by a picture attachment with preserved guild objects. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
Books on the topic "Guild articles"
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Kate, Sterling Anna, ed. Celebrity articles from the Screen Guild magazine. Scarecrow Press, 1987.
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William A, Schabas. Part 6 The Trial: Le Procès, Art.65 Proceedings on an admission of guilt/Procédure en cas d’aveu de culpabilité. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198739777.003.0069.
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This chapter comments on Article 65 of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. Article 65 deals with proceedings where the accused makes an admission of guilt pursuant to article 64, paragraph 8 (a). Upon the admission of guilt, the Trial Chamber has three options: it may convict the accused on the basis of the admission of guilt and any additional evidence presented; it may order the trial to continue under the ordinary procedure, disregarding the admission of guilt, with the further option of remitting the case to another Trial Chamber; or it may request the presentation of additional evidence, including witness testimony.
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William A, Schabas. Part 6 The Trial: Le Procès, Art.66 Presumption of innocence/Présomption d’innocence. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198739777.003.0070.
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This chapter comments on Article 66 of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. The presumption of innocence is enshrined in article 11(1) of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and echoed in the universal and regional human rights conventions. It provides a cornerstone for the fairness of the trial in a substantive as well as a procedural sense. Article 66 declares that everyone shall be presumed innocent until proved guilty before the Court in accordance with the applicable law. The burden is on the Prosecutor to prove the guilt of the accused. The Court must be convinced of the guilt of the accused beyond reasonable doubt in order to convict the accused.
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Eichler-Levine, Jodi. Painted Pomegranates and Needlepoint Rabbis. University of North Carolina Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469660639.001.0001.
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Exploring a contemporary Judaism rich with the textures of family, memory, and fellowship, Jodi Eichler-Levine takes readers inside a flourishing American Jewish crafting movement. As she travelled across the country to homes, craft conventions, synagogue knitting circles, and craftivist actions, she joined in the making, asked questions, and contemplated her own family stories. Jewish Americans, many of them women, are creating ritual challah covers and prayer shawls, ink, clay, or wood pieces, and other articles for family, friends, or Jewish charities. But they are doing much more: armed with perhaps only a needle and thread, they are reckoning with Jewish identity in a fragile and dangerous world. The work of these crafters embodies a vital Judaism that may lie outside traditional notions of Jewishness, but, Eichler-Levine argues, these crafters are as much engaged as any Jews in honoring and nurturing the fortitude, memory, and community of the Jewish people. Craftmaking is nothing less than an act of generative resilience that fosters survival. Whether taking place in such groups as the Pomegranate Guild of Judaic Needlework or the Jewish Hearts for Pittsburgh, or in a home studio, these everyday acts of creativity—yielding a needlepoint rabbi, say, or a handkerchief embroidered with the Hebrew words tikkun olam—are a crucial part what makes a religious life.
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Caldwell, Lesley, and Helen Taylor Robinson, eds. The Collected Works of D. W. Winnicott. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med:psych/9780190271398.001.0001.
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Volume 7 (1964–66) is introduced by the senior Milanese analyst Anna Ferruta and contains an important selection of articles and letters from this very productive period of Winnicott’s working life including articles on the false self, psychosis, psychosomatic illness, regression, children’s thinking, trauma, aggression, dissociation, psychoanalytic research, male and female elements, guilt, the unconscious and a selection of letters on psychoanalytic and more general topics.
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William A, Schabas. Part 6 The Trial: Le Procès, Art.76 Sentencing/Prononcé de la peine. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198739777.003.0080.
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This chapter comments on Article 76 of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. Article 76 governs the imposition of sentence in the event of a conviction. If the accused is convicted, the Trial Chamber is required to establish the ‘appropriate sentence’. In so doing, the Statute instructs it to consider the evidence presented and submissions made during the trial that are relevant to the sentence. Mitigating and aggravating factors relating to the commission of the crime itself, such as the individual role of the offender and of the treatment of the victims, will form part of the evidence germane to guilt or innocence and thus appear as part of the record of the trial.
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Tydén, Mattias. The Scandinavian States: Reformed Eugenics Applied. Edited by Alison Bashford and Philippa Levine. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195373141.013.0022.
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This article deals with Scandinavian eugenics and issues of morality and history, guilt and rehabilitation and it also challenges the conventional conception of Scandinavian contemporary history. It discusses a number of studies that show links between eugenics and progressive social thought and also throws light on the political implications of this issue. The three Scandinavian countries—Denmark, Norway, and Sweden—share experiences that were important for the development of eugenic ideas and policies. This article mentions that the development of Mendelism and a growing understanding of the complexity of heredity marks different views about the potential of racial hygiene and for tensions within the community of eugenicists. Finally, it presents a discussion on Scandinavian eugenics that focuses on the way sterilization was used in the framework of the Social Democratic welfare states from the 1930s onward.
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Zurcher, Andrew. Spenser, Plowden, and the Hypallactic Instrument. Edited by Lorna Hutson. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199660889.013.24.
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Since at least the work of Jones and Stallybrass on Renaissance clothing, the materially distributed nature of human identity—not merely reflected in, but constituted by, garments and other prosthetic objects—has been marked as a recurrent and distinctive feature of early modern English literary accounts of person. This article explores hybrid objects in two works by Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene (1590, 1596) and A view of the Present State of Ireland (c.1596), charting connections between Spenser’s hypallactic allegoresis and early modern common law evidentiary conventions. Spenser’s mingling of inward, psychological states (purpose, inclination, guilt, etc.) with material objects pushes against sixteenth-century protestant rejections of embodied ritual, popish vestments, devotional icons and shrines, and good works, but emerges as a powerful instrument in his proposals for social and legal ‘reform’ of Ireland.
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Cowan, Douglas E. New Religious Movements. Edited by John Corrigan. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195170214.003.0008.
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New religious movements (NRMs), which are often popularly and pejoratively labeled “cults,” frequently become the sites for a multitude of conflicting emotions; they are cultural lightning rods as much for anger, shame, and guilt as for joy, excitement, and a sense of release and relief. Throughout NRM narratives, however, whether primary sources or secondary, whether affirmative accounts of one's affiliation and conversion or post-affiliation critiques of the group in question, two principal affective aspects emerge: emotional fulfillment and emotional abuse. As a heuristic framework to consider these more specific aspects of emotion in NRMs, this article uses the trajectory of participation suggested by David Bromley's affiliation-disaffiliation model. In particular, it examines the roles played by emotion and affect in the recruitment processes of different groups, focusing on affective enticement, affective coercion, and affective bonding. It also explores the link between affect and religious practices, the confirmation of religious beliefs, disaffiliation, and post-affiliation.
Book chapters on the topic "Guild articles"
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Levinson, Harry. "Anger, guilt and executive action." In Consulting psychology: Selected articles by Harry Levinson. American Psychological Association, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/11848-003.
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Leventhal, Fred, and Peter Stansky. "International Government." In Leonard Woolf. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198814146.003.0005.
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The meagre financial returns from Leonard’s two novels and short stories led him to abandon fiction, but reviews and articles for the Nation and the New Statesman meant steady employment as a political journalist, while leaving time for his involvement with the Women’s Co-operative Guild. Beatrice and Sidney Webb enlisted him in Fabian research on international control of foreign policy and ways of eliminating war. Leonard’s 1916 study International Government became his most influential book. Immediately regarded as authoritative, it shaped British proposals for a League of Nations and was cited by British delegates to the Versailles conference. His basic premise was that the only way to prevent war was to establish machinery for the peaceful settlement of conflicts, including an International High Court to resolve justiciable disputes. His contribution was acknowledged in his appointment as secretary to the Labour Party’s Advisory Committee on International Questions, a post that he retained from 1918 to 1946.
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Guariglia, Fabricio, and Gudrun Hochmayr. "Article 65. Proceedings on an admission of guilt." In The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. Nomos, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783845263571-1622.
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Fredericks, Sarah E. "Evidence of Environmental Guilt and Shame." In Environmental Guilt and Shame. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198842699.003.0002.
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Chapter 2 compiles evidence for the existence of environmental guilt and shame in the contemporary Western developed world, particularly the United States, from blogs and discussion boards; environmental self-help books and memoirs; broader indicators of cultural trends including comics, TV shows, newspaper articles, marketing studies, and counseling programs; and the few academic studies of the topic. I demonstrate that environmental guilt and shame are commonplace in parts of contemporary U.S. American society, particularly among middle- and upper-class environmentally conscious people. People feel guilt and shame about a wide range of daily activities including their choice of grocery bag, food, and transportation. People experiencing these moral emotions often do so both as individuals and as parts of a collective whether family, community, nation, species, or sometimes diffuse collective (i.e. “industrialized people”). Confessions of and responses to environmental guilt and shame take a religious cast as people confess their wrongs, ask for help in changing their actions, and particularly desire assistance in dealing with the existential ramifications of their actions, and subsequently shape their individual and collective identities.
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Hanna, Nelly. "Artisans, Guilds, and Capitalist Development in Cairo, 1600–1800." In Capitalisms. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199499717.003.0013.
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Studies of capitalism have often been based on the European or, more often, the nineteenth-century English experience. Its sources were taken to be based on the European experience, the trading companies of the sixteenth century, Protestantism, and so on. From there, it was diffused to the rest of the world. To fully understand capitalism, one had to focus on the European experience and the restrictive definitions that were based on its development in Western Europe. The Eurocentric approach to this subject is now being reconsidered. Studies of regions outside Europe are now showing that the emergence of capitalism was a much more complex and diverse trend, and it could have multiple sources. The present article focuses on one of these sources.
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Salamun, Kurt. "Jaspers als Zeitdiagnostiker." In Karl Jaspers. Filozofia wieczysta - filozofia czasu. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Pedagogicznego w Krakowie, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/9788380846616.2.
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For a number of writings of Jaspers it is significant that they imply diagnoses (or critical reflections) about some cultural and political tendencies and events during his lifetime. Those diagnoses becomes evident in the books “Man in modern Age”, “The Question of German Guilt”, “The Atom bomb and the Future of Man” or “The Future of Mankind”, and “The Future of Germa- ny”. There Jaspers treated in a critical mode: inhuman consequences of the development of modern sciences und techniques, the guilt of German people for the rise of Naziism, the danger of the extinction of all mankind by the atom-bomb, the abolition of individual freedom and human dignity by totali- tarian governments, the introduction of a new constitution for West-Germany without an open and broader discussion and cooperation with the German people a. s. o. That those critical diagnoses are grounded in a liberal ethos of freedom and humanity in Jaspers’ philosophy is the main thesis of this article.
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Hall, Jeffrey A., and Natalie Pennington. "Mundane Mobile Maintenance, Entrapment, and Hyper-Coordination." In Encyclopedia of Mobile Phone Behavior. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8239-9.ch009.
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This article reviews literature associated with mundane mobile maintenance, entrapment, and hyper-coordination. Licoppe and Huertin (2001) and Ling and Ytrri (2002) first noted the important role of mobile phones in users' personal relationships. Much more than a device to make voice calls, the mobile phone has become highly integrated into the everyday interactions of vast segments of the global population. But with greater connectivity comes the possibility of dependency and anxiety. The integration and domestication of mobile phones can lead to heightened expectations of interpersonal connection and availability, which may result in feelings of entrapment and guilt. By providing a foundation in the earliest research on these inter-related topics and highlighting recent key studies, this article provides a thorough background of research on this subset of mobile communication practices.
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Krastiņš, Uldis. "Prettiesiskuma izpratnes problemātika krimināltiesībās." In Tiesības un tiesiskā vide mainīgos apstākļos. LU Akadēmiskais apgāds, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/juzk.79.55.
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The article provides an analysis of unlawfulness as one of the features pertaining to the common element of a criminal offence, and draws the distinction between unlawfulness and the constituent elements of a criminal offence. An opinion has been expressed that linkage of act (failure to act) to the violation of specific provisions regarding protection and precaution in the disposition of a complex criminal offence does not influence the form of guilt in the actual criminal offence. The author proposes an idea that the existence of a complex criminal offence has been determined by the significance of the object (interest) of the endangerment, the character of the harmful manifestation and other objective circumstances.
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Böckenförde, Ernst-Wolfgang, Mirjam Künkler, and Tine Stein. "Types of Christian Conduct in the World during the Nazi Regime [1965/2004]." In Religion, Law, and Democracy. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198818632.003.0005.
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This article is based on a talk Böckenförde gave to the Catholic Student Society in East Berlin in 1965, asking what kind of comportment Christians exhibited during the Nazi regime. He lays out six types of behaviour drawing on individual examples, ranging from opportunism to underground partisanism. Böckenförde is clear from the outset that no type of conduct is immune from incurring guilt. He notes that weighing between different kinds of evil was a key consideration in choosing between these types of conduct and criticizes that Christian moral doctrine had very little to offer a believer in search of orientation. The Staatssicherheitsdienst Stasi documented Böckenförde’s speech and, as became clear decades later, understood his talk to implicitly raise the question of Christian comportment in the GDR.
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Ingram, Norman. "Turning the Page?" In The War Guilt Problem and the Ligue des droits de l'homme, 1914-1944. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198827993.003.0006.
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The years immediately following the signature of the Locarno treaties in October 1925 are usually seen as an era of détente in European, particularly Franco-German, politics. There seemed to be a lull in the Ligue’s fixation on the problem of war origins, but it was only an appearance. Other issues briefly took centre stage, but even they were discussed in terms redolent of concerns from the Great War. Some members of the minority began to publish in a new journal, Evolution. An event of signal importance was the publication of a book by René Gerin and Raymond Poincaré on war responsibilities. There was huge debate over the Pierre Renouvin/Camille Bloch thesis which sought to limit the importance of Article 231. On the eve of the Nazi seizure of power, the Ligue devoted its 1932 Congress to the controversy over the peace treaties of 1919. It was too little, too late.
Conference papers on the topic "Guild articles"
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Идрисов, Хусейн Вахаевич. "PSYCHOLOGICAL AND LEGAL CHARACTERISTICS OF GUILT AND RESPONSIBILITY." In Высокие технологии и инновации в науке: сборник избранных статей Международной научной конференции (Санкт-Петербург, Ноябрь 2020). Crossref, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/vt188.2020.93.88.006.
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Статья посвящена характеристике элемента вины в праве и в психологии. В работе проводится анализ вины в контексте ее определения, в первую очередь как психологического явления, а затем и правового. В заключении работы формулируется вывод о том, то человек нуждается в определении вопросов вины и ответственности в действии некоего внешнего фактора, регулятора линию поведения, в котором соотносится с таким регулятором. The article is devoted to the characterization of the element of guilt in law and psychology. The paper analyzes guilt in the context of its definition, first of all as a psychological phenomenon, and then as a legal one. In conclusion, the paper concludes that a person needs to determine the issues of guilt and responsibility in the action of an external factor that regulates the behavior line, which is related to such a regulator.
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Идрисов, Хусейн Вахаевич. "CIVIL LAW CHARACTERISTICS OF GUILT, CASE AND RISK." In Высокие технологии и инновации в науке: сборник избранных статей Международной научной конференции (Санкт-Петербург, Ноябрь 2020). Crossref, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/vt188.2020.46.15.007.
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Статья посвящена характеристике таких юридических категорий как вина, случай и риск. Указывается, что понятия риска и случаю коррелируют друг с другом, а присутствие элемента вины наоборот исключает их. В рамках характеристики риска рассматривается теория вероятности. The article is devoted to the characteristics of such legal categories as guilt, chance and risk. It is indicated that the concepts of risk and risk correlate with each other, and the presence of the element of guilt on the contrary excludes them. Probability theory is considered as part of the risk profile.
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Идрисов, Хусейн Вахаевич. "CHARACTERIZATION OF THE CATEGORY OF GUILT THROUGH PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY." In Социально-экономические и гуманитарные науки: сборник избранных статей по материалам Международной научной конференции (Санкт-Петербург, Февраль 2021). Crossref, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/seh295.2021.29.79.008.
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Статья посвящена характеристике элемента вины в теории психоанализа. Рассматриваются основные положения психоанализа в отношении таких категорий как вина, стыд, совесть, чувство неполноценности и ряд др. В заключении работы формулируется вывод о том, что вина как психологическое чувство, определенное внутреннее психологическое состояние, возникает в ситуациях, когда индивид претерпевает дискомфортные состояния, связанные с внешними последствиями, проявлениями своего поведения, действий, выходящих за рамки общепринятых правил. the article is devoted to the characterization of the element of guilt in the theory of psychoanalysis. Discusses the tenets of psychoanalysis in relation to such categories as guilt, shame, conscience, a sense of inferiority and many others. In the conclusion of the work, the conclusion is formulated that guilt as a psychological feeling, a certain internal psychological state, occurs in situations when an individual undergoes uncomfortable states associated with external consequences, manifestations of his behavior, actions that go beyond the generally accepted rules.
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Bozhchenko, Alexandr, Yuliya Khrustaleva, and Yuri Panchuk. "To the question of the formal and material elements of crimes provided for in articles of the Criminal code of the Russian Federation related to the spread of infection." In Issues of determining the severity of harm caused to human health as a result of the impact of a biological factor. Publishing Center RIOR, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/conferencearticle_5fdcb03a48fd08.58287135.
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The article deals with objective and optional features of crimes with material and formal composition, with an emphasis on crimes that are more or less associated with the spread of infection. Attention is drawn to the fact that crimes with a formal composition do not require the establishment of a causal relationship. Various points of view on “danger” are considered as one of the fundamental criteria used in the qualification of crimes. The author emphasizes the ambiguity of the content of this concept, as well as the concepts of “threat”, “significance”, “mass character”, etc. It is concluded that there are gaps, ambiguities, and contradictions in the legislation and normative legal acts on terminology and conceptual apparatus in relation to the above-mentioned concepts of danger, threat, and its magnitude (significance, mass character). Legislative amendments adopted in connection with the pandemic of coronavirus infection, which led to the emergence of a formal crime under part 1 of article 236 of the criminal code of the Russian Federation, are considered. Attention is drawn to the careless form of guilt under this article, in contrast to other articles, the use of which is also not excluded in the case of infection (article 125 and article 237 of the criminal code), but provide for the intentional nature of the crime.
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Коломоец, Дарья Алексеевна. "ADMINISTRATIVE RESPONSIBILITY FOR OFFENSES IN THE FIELD OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP." In Высокие технологии и инновации в науке: сборник избранных статей Международной научной конференции (Санкт-Петербург, Май 2020). Crossref, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/vt185.2020.62.33.004.
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В данной статье рассмотрены проблемы реализации административной ответственности субъектов малого и среднего бизнеса за правонарушения, совершенные ими в сфере предпринимательской деятельности. Большое внимание уделено вопросам вины юридических лиц при совершении правонарушений и привлечении их к административной ответственности. This article discusses the problems of implementing administrative responsibility of small and medium-sized businesses for offenses committed by them in the field of business. Much attention is paid to the issues of guilt of legal entities when committing offenses and bringing them to administrative responsibility.
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MacDonald, Erin, and Jinjuan She. "Seven Cognitive Concepts for Successful Sustainable Design." In ASME 2012 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2012-70676.
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For the past forty years, social science researchers have studied how to encourage pro-environmental behaviors such as the adoption of recycling programs, water conservation strategies, and purchase of sustainable products. This article presents a synthesis of these research findings as they relate to the design of sustainable products and technologies. Research from environmental psychology, consumer studies, economics, decision sciences, public policy, and behavioral psychology are organized into cognitive concepts that are crucial to the successful purchase and use of sustainable products. The cognitive concepts reviewed are: responsibility, complex decision-making skills, decision heuristics, the altruism-sacrifice link, trust, cognitive dissonance/guilt, and motivation. Product examples are provided to highlight the role of these cognitive concepts in sustainable design. Design recommendations and relevant design methods are discussed. The recommendations require dynamic and on-going coordination between designers, manufacturers, marketers, and government policy-makers to achieve positive changes in individuals’ behaviors. The success of sustainable products depends on the success of this coordination.
Reports on the topic "Guild articles"
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Ovcharov, A. V. On criminal law approaches to the assessment of «friendly fire». DOI CODE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/2074-1944-2021-0165.
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The article is devoted to the consideration of the phenomenon of «friendly fire» in modern military conflicts and the development of general criminal-legal approaches to its assessment. The article analyzes the causes of «friendly fire», discusses its types and provides the most famous cases of «fire on their own» in military history. Еhe article contains recommendations for determining the guilt of persons who committed cases of «friendly fire» and compares the phenomenon under consideration with the criminal-legal category of extreme necessity