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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Gujarat (India)'
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Dhattiwala, Raheel. "Hindu-Muslim violence in Gujarat, 2002 : political logic, spatial configuration, and communal cooperation." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.669731.
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This thesis uses a mixed methods approach to investigate the different levels of Hindu-Muslim violence in Gujarat (western India) in 2002 when at least a thousand Muslims were killed. An original dataset of killings is compiled to analyse macrospatial variation in the violence across towns and rural areas of Gujarat. Data collected from 21 months of ethnographic fieldwork in Ahmedabad city is used to investigate microspatial variation across three neighbourhoods with varying levels of violence.Macrospatial analysis discusses the link between political authority and its capacity to instigate ethnic violence as a response to electoral calculations and identifies the mechanisms by which violence against Muslims was orchestrated by the Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). Ethnographic findings demonstrate the importance of ecological strategies adopted by attackers and targets during the course of attack and urge a re-examination of the intuitive association of spatial proximity with greater interethnic contact. Findings also reveal methods of enforcement used by legitimate and illegitimate institutions of a peaceful slum neighbourhood in resolving commitment problems of cooperation. Finally, the thesis examines the aftermath of the violence, more specifically a political phenomenon of Muslims of Gujarat supporting the BJP nine years after the brutal violence.Methodologically, the main contribution of this thesis is in bridging the quantitative and ethnographic traditions in the sociology of ethnic violence to make possible the linking, and disentangling, of macrolevel risk factors associated with violence from microlevel factors. Findings of the thesis hopefully provide a better understanding of ethnic violence in multi-ethnic democracies and a roadmap of policy-making for India as it continues to struggle with ethnic strife.
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SIM, JUYEON. "Socioecological Transformation and the History of Indian Cotton, Gujarat, Western India." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för arkeologi och antik historia, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-354684.
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Landscape management is often referred to as a holistic concept, which deals with large-scale processes and multidisciplinary manners in regards to natural resource use with ecological and livelihood considerations. Seen in this light, landscape transformation should be understood within the context of the human-nature relationship, viewing human activities and their institutions as an essential part of the system rather than as external agents. When it comes to the landscape planning and management related to cotton farming in Gujarat, there has been diversity of interest groups such as local communities, governments, corporations and non-governmental organisations. In the present study, I examine two case studies of cotton production pertaining to the Gujarat region in order to study the opportunities and challenges faced by local farmers in the process of developing agriculture. In the first case study on Cotton Improvement Program in the nineteenth century, I highlight the socioecological consequences of the colonial cotton project and how it relates to the social dynamics of networks and agricultural landscape management. The second case study examines current debates regarding the social, economic and environmental impacts of genetically modified (GM) cotton on India’s social and natural landscape. This thesis emphasises that there are recursive motifs between the two case studies in terms of the local resistances, power relations and possible environmental effects, which can be explained through the state of ‘global core’ and ‘periphery’, and partly the framework of ecologically unequal exchange. The analysis of recurring patterns concludes that exploring the narratives of local experiences offers a number of significant details that show complex power dynamics manifested through constant struggles and resistances by ‘peripheral agent’.
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Jhala, Yadvendradev V. "Habitat and population dynamics of wolves and blackbuck in Velavadar National Park, Gujarat." Diss., This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07282008-134147/.
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Sheikh, Samira. "State and society in Gujarat, c. 1200-1500 : the making of a region." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2004. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9d9736d6-dc29-4911-833d-d30786199a3f.
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The present work closely traces the emergence of a distinctively Gujarati political and cultural world by the fifteenth century, arguing that many of the political, administrative, cultural and religious institutions that are evident in modern Gujarat came into being when the region was unified by force and consensus under the Sultans of Gujarat. The western province of Gujarat with its extensive coastline became, from the eighth century, the hub of a vibrant network of trade that stretched from the Red Sea to Indonesia and over land to Central Asia and the borders of China. The ports and cities of Gujarat drew merchants, mercenaries, religious figures and fortune-seekers from the Arab world and neighbouring south Asian provinces. Gujarat' s general prosperity also attracted mass migrations of pastoralist groups from the north. Unlike previous studies that have tended to treat trade and politics as separate categories with distinct histories, the present research charts the evolving Gujarati political order by juxtaposing political control with networks of trade, religion and contestation over resources. Large parts of Gujarat were conquered in the late thirteenth century by the armies of the Turkic Sultans of Delhi. With the dissolution of the Delhi Sultanate in the late fourteenth century, the governor of Gujarat declared his sovereignty and inaugurated a line of independent Sultans of Gujarat who continued in power until defeated by the Mughal ruler Akbar in 1572. From the late twelfth century, Gujarat was the site of proselytising activities of various denominations of missionaries. By the fifteenth century, a wide variety of religious interests were competing for patrons, converts and resources. The highly evolved trading networks radiating out from Gujarat from the eighth century required pragmatic accommodation with successive political formations. Correspondingly, claimants to political power were heavily dependent upon merchants, traders and financiers for military supplies, and in return, offered the trading groups security and patronage. The constantly negotiated relationship between trade and politics was closely linked to the evolution of sects and castes, Hindu, Muslim and Jain. Trade and politics were increasingly organised and expressed in sectarian or community terms. In keeping with some recent literature, my studies suggest that community affiliations in this period were often negotiable and linked to changing status. The study ends in the late fifteenth century when the Portuguese arrived off the coast of Gujarat. Soon there were new alignments of identity and power as the pastoralist frontier politics of the previous period began to give way to settled Rajput courts, complete with bureaucracies, chroniclers and priests. The Sultans of Gujarat were now paramount in the region: wealthy patrons of merchants and religious figures, they were unrivalled in north India for their control of manpower, war animals and weaponry.
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Shankar, Jui. "Understanding Hindus' and Muslims' solutions for peace in Gujarat, India." Virtual Press, 2007. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1379127.
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This research explored Indians' definitions of peace and their solutions for peace between Hindus and Muslims in Gujarat, India. The study also focused on peacebuilding efforts after the Hindu-Muslim violence in Gujarat in 2002.Members of a local NGO collaborated on the project by acting as gatekeepers in the field. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in Hindi with twenty-nine adult men and women (20 to 64 years old) from both the Hindu and Muslim communities. To develop an understanding of the social context of each community, the researcher initiated conversations and walks around the communities with three key informants and she also conducted participatory mapping of the communities.Data analyses of the transcribed interviews was performed by two coders using the Grounded Theory approach in the target language, i.e., Hindi. Four main themes emerged: (1) descriptions of the community, (2) perceptions of relationships Hindus and Muslims, (3) peace and solutions for peace, and (4) hopes for the future. Smaller specific categories were captured under these broader themes.Based on the data analyses, analytic matrices representing the relationships between these categories and the two main research questions were generated. These matrices were developed drawing from data obtained during participants' interviews, conversations with key informants, the researcher's field observations, participatory mapping, and the available literature.Relying on the conceptual frameworks generated from the data, participants' definitions of peace and their solutions for peace in their community were elaborated. Participants' defined peace as the absence of both direct (e.g., physical violence) and structural (e.g., unemployment, crime rates) violence. Further, their solutions for peace incorporated direct (e.g., absence of physical violence) and structural (e.g., opportunities for employment) peacebuilding as ways- to promote non-violence in their communities. The analytic matrices derived from this study provided strong evidence to suggest participants' definitions of peace and their solutions for peace could contribute to peacebuilding between Hindus and Muslims in the communities in Gujarat targeted for this project. Implications for employing peacebuilding strategies to resolve conflict between other individuals are offered, as are recommendations for investigating solutions designed to facilitate peace and limitations of this study.Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services
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Dagli, Kinjal J. "The Gujarat carnage of 2002 a rhetorical analysis /." Click here for download, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1212795411&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=3260&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Chaturvedi, Vinayak. "Colonial power and agrarian politics in Kheda district (Gujarat), c. 1890-1930." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2001. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272310.
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Kothari, Uma. "Women's work and rural transformation in India : a study from Gujarat." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/19023.
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This thesis is based on fieldwork carried out in 1986-1988 in Sera, a village in south Gujarat, India. The research considers women's work and focuses on differentiation; that is, which women carry out which tasks. This is a rural area which has recently undergone substantial agricultural change with a shift from cotton to sugar cane production. It is characterised by high in-migration of seasonal labourers and out-migration of women at the time of marriage and of upper caste members migrating abroad. In order to examine women's work and position within this context, a framework has been constructed which distinguishes between forms of work and between women from different socio-economic positions. This theoretical classification, utilised empirically, is based on distinctions between women and between tasks. As far as tasks are concerned, divisions are made between those which are paid and unpaid and those which are agricultural and domestic. In addition, differences are made between women from households of different caste and class position, the organisation and structure of their household and life-cycle changes of individual women. Women from the Patidar landholding caste are seen to face very different experiences from those of the predominantly landless Halpati caste. Beyond the study of these two polarised groups, the thesis further considers class distinctions within each caste in order to understand the rationale behind household strategies in their allocation of labour. Furthermore, the work that women are required to perform and their relationship with other members of their household are also seen as partly determined by the stage in a woman's life-cycle and the composition of her household. When looking at the kinds of work undertaken by different categories of women, a variety of forms of control emerge. Thus, the nature of individual women's involvement in work activities condition and are conditioned by their position within their households and outside the home. The sources of their oppression and the extent to which women have control over their own lives is examined through their work activities. The theoretical framework and empiricial data presented in this thesis are brought together to show how the different conditions of subordination experienced by Patidar and Halpati women are constructed and what implications they have on their present and future position.
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Khan, Jamal Ahmad. "Ex-post cost-benefit analysis of village woodlots of Gujarat, India." Thesis, Bangor University, 1993. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/expost-costbenefit-analysis-of-village-woodlots-of-gujarat-india(963f9ac2-27a0-45e4-b835-f1bb94bb9622).html.
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Nitin, Kumar Srivastava. "Occupation-based Risk Reduction Approaches for Climate-related Hazards in Gujarat, India." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/199484.
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Sharma, Mohan Lal. "Valuation techniques of protected areas : a case study of Gir, Gujarat, India." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.427389.
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Patel, Viresh. "Changing contours of sociality : youth, education, and generational relations in rural Gujarat, India." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:6eb3bb2b-59e5-4b58-94ea-f316b41da5ff.
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This thesis draws on eleven months of ethnographic fieldwork to examine the everyday lives of young people aged between 16 and 30 years in rural Gujarat, India. It is shaped around four standalone articles that examine the spatial aspects of young men and women's secondary and higher education, and employment strategies. Taken both individually and collectively, the articles employ a conceptual framework of relationality in order to critically examine the complexity of young people's everyday lives. Relationality crosses spatial scales, from the individual body though to intersecting with processes of globalization. My analysis interrogates these scalar connections within and across different spaces, and the ways in which these spaces produce, reinforce, and transform relations of power, difference, and identity. In doing so it makes a series of critical contributions to ongoing debates about educated unemployed youth, geographies of friendship, youth transitions and imagined futures, and young people's mobilities. The thesis reflects on "the everyday" as a locus of social change and continuity, focusing on a first generation of formally educated young men and women from socioeconomically marginalized Other Backward Classes, Scheduled Caste, and Scheduled Tribe populations in rural Gujarat. Among this demographic, and in part a consequence of ongoing structural transformations to India's education sector, families are increasingly prolonging the formal education of their offspring as they pursue projects of social reform. In a context where education manifestly cannot guarantee a smooth transition into secure employment, a relational approach that places an emphasis on the quality and nature of connections and relationships provides a valuable framework for understanding young people's lives. My work forwards three broader arguments in relation to this emergent generation of educated young people from marginalized communities. Firstly, I argue for greater empirical and theoretical attention to young people's movements within and across space in order to fully theorize age as a social relation. Related to this my analysis supports the case for a multi-sited methodological approach in order to locate young people within the significant social relations that shape their everyday lives. Secondly, the scale of the everyday offers productive insights into how the political and economic changes associated with liberalization in contemporary India are affecting marginalized populations. Rather than focusing on processes occurring within educational institutions, the thesis takes a broader focus to examine how young people conceive of, value, and mobilize their formal education in their daily lives. Finally, attention to both inter- and intra-generational relations as significant and influential to young people's everyday lives foregrounds the breadth of social relations that bear down upon the social, cultural, and economic aspirations of youth in contemporary rural India.
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Andharia, Janki B. "Women's experiences of a survival strategy : commoditisation of folk embroidery in Gujarat, India." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357213.
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McDougal, Topher L. (Topher Leinberger). "Law of the landless : the Dalit bid for land redistribution in Gujarat, India." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/39853.
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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2007.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 107-110).
This study examines how government's implementation of land reforms in Gujarat, India informs Dalit (i.e., 'Outcaste') activism for land redistribution. It takes as a case study the Navsarjan Trust (or simply Navsarjan), a non-profit group that advocates for Dalit land rights in Surendranagar district, Gujarat. I contend that the Dalit land movement has implicitly recognized a complex reality: the outcomes of state policy on the ground are the products of a struggle between competing caste interests located within a nested hierarchy of local government institutions. I argue that Navsarjan's strategy is to modify the strength of the links between levels in this nested game--oftentimes by allowing Dalit land appeals to bypass lower, less progressive levels of government in favor of higher ones--in order to produce favorable results for the Dalit land rights movement. This strategy explodes the myth of a monolithic, intransigent state, and portrays government rather as a framework that structures social struggle. Section 1 argues that land redistribution is seen by the Dalit activist movement as a means of verticalizing horizontal ethnic stratifications. In Section 2, I quantitatively analyze the role and effects of local government offices charged with the implementation of land reform legislation.
(cont.) I argue that the hierarchy of local government constitutes a nested battleground, on which the interests of Dalits and the upper-castes vie for influence. In Section 3, I examine Navsarjan's tactics in the land redistribution movement. I argue that the organization's success is largely due to its dual role as both agitator and embedded bureaucratic facilitator within the government hierarchy. I then examine qualitative evidence that could complement (and point up shortcomings of) Section 2's quantitative analysis. I conclude by examining avenues for future research and making policy recommendations for Navsarjan and for the state.
by Topher L. McDougal.
M.C.P.
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Kissopoulos, Lisa. "Nationalist Conflict and Elite Manipulation in Serbia and India." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1186753678.
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Nattress, Pauline R. "The impact of industrialisation and urbanisation on Patidar women in the Kheda district of Gujarat." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.290474.
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Pandya, Kiran. "Agrarian structure, new technology and labour absorption in Indian agriculture : an empirical investigation of Gujarat." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336068.
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García-Granero, Fos Juan José. "From gathering to farming in semi-arid Northern Gujarat (India): a multi-proxy approach." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/351960.
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Understanding how human societies adapted to past environmental and climatic variability is fundamental to face present and future climatic events, particularly in highly vulnerable arid and semi-arid regions. Northern Gujarat (northwestern India) is a semi-arid ecotone where high intra- and inter-annual precipitation variability has a great impact on the availability of resources and, consequently, on human populations that depend upon them. The main aim of this thesis is to understand how and why plant-related subsistence strategies changed throughout the Holocene in northern Gujarat, with special emphasis on the transition from gathering to farming. This study considers macro and microbotanical remains from two hunter-gatherer occupations (Vaharvo Timbo and the Mesolithic levels at Loteshwar) and two agro-pastoral camps (Datrana IV and the Anarta levels at Loteshwar) to understand how early and middle Holocene populations interacted with the environment in terms of livelihood strategies. Moreover, archaeobotanical remains from one late Holocene urban settlement (Shikarpur) are also analysed to ascertain how urban societies exploited this semi-arid environment in terms of plant acquisition and consumption. The results show that hunter-gatherer groups that inhabited northern Gujarat during the early-mid (semi)permanent water bodies, including grasses, pulses, sedges, tubers and sesame. Holocene exploited a wide range of wild plants originating from The progressive weakening of the Indian Summer Monsoon ca. 7000 years ago compelled human populations to adopt semi-nomadic pastoralism and plant cultivation, which resulted in the domestication of several small millet species, pulses and sesame. With the advent of settled urban life in the late Holocene the inhabitants of northern Gujarat developed a more intensive land-use strategy involving a cereal-pulse intercropping agricultural system. This study is an illustrative example of human adaptation to climatic and environmental changes in semi-arid regions. From a methodological perspective, the results of this thesis show that an integrated multi-proxy approach, in which several botanical proxies and a broad-spectrum sampling strategy are used together, is the best possible way to explore diet and plant use strategies in past societies. Future research will integrate archaeobotanical data in a multi-disciplinary perspective to help designing sustainable land use strategies in northern Gujarat and other marginal areas worldwide.Aquesta tesi s’ha dut a terme en el marc del projecte NoGAP (North Gujarat Archaeological Project), un acord de col·laboració entre el grup de recerca CaSEs (Complexity and Socio-Ecological Dynamics) del Departament d’Arqueologia i Antropologia de la Institució Milà i Fontanals del Consell Superior d’Investigacions Científiques (IMF-CISC, Barcelona), i el Departament d’Arqueologia i Història Antiga de la Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda (MSUB, Vadodara, Índia). Les mostres arqueològiques analitzades com a part d’aquesta tesi doctoral provenen de tres excavacions desenvolupades dins el marc del projecte NoGAP (Loteswar al 2009, Datrana IV al 2010 i Vaharvo Timbo al 2011), i una excavació del Departament d’Arqueologia i Història Antiga de la MSUB (Shikarpur al 2012). El treball de laboratori es dugué a terme majoritàriament al laboratori BioGeoPal de la IMF-CSIC. Aquesta tesi es presenta com a compendi de sis articles publicats a revistes de reconegut prestigi internacional. Alguns dels articles són metodològics i d’altres es centren en un cas d’estudi, però tots tenen una mateixa finalitat: entendre el paper dels recursos vegetals en la subsistència de les poblacions que ocuparen el Gujarat del Nord durant l’holocè. Dos d’aquests articles versen sobre la identificació de mills petits (el principal cultiu al Gujarat del nord durant la prehistòria) al registre arqueològic mitjançant l’estudi de col·leccions de referència de plantes modernes, i estan publicats a Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences (Madella et al. 2013) i Vegetation History and Archaeobotany (García-Granero et al. enviat per publicació a). Els altres quatre articles discuteixen els resultats de l’anàlisi de les restes arqueobotàniques dels quatre jaciments mencionats, i estan publicats a Vegetation History and Archaeobotany (García-Granero et al. 2015), Current Anthropology (García-Granero et al. en premsa), Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences (García-Granero et al. enviat per publicació b) i de nou Vegetation History and Archaeobotany (García-Granero et al. enviat per publicació c). Aquesta tesi està organitzada en dues parts principals: la Introducció (Capítols 1-4) i la Discussió (Capítols 5-7). La Introducció inclou la Presentació de la tesi (Capítol 1), les Preguntes de la Recerca (Capítol 2), el Marc de la Recerca (Capítol 3) i els Materials i Mètodes emprats (Capítol 4); mentre que la Discussió inclou els Resultats Principals (Capítol 5), la Discussió d’aquests resultats (Capítol 6) i les Conclusions (Capítol 7). Els sis articles que formen part d’aquesta tesi es presenten a continuació, ja sigui en format final (articles publicats) o adaptats a l’estil de la resta de la tesi (articles encara en procés de revisió/publicació). Finalment, s’inclouen una sèrie d’apèndixs amb les dades en brut de les anàlisis arqueobotàniques
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Chandani, Farah. "Women's involvement in water supply and sanitation, a case study of rural Gujarat, India." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ58328.pdf.
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Yenneti, Komalirani. "'Social justice and solar energy implementation' : a case study of Charanaka Solar Park, Gujarat, India." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2014. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4962/.
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In the recent years, social issues around renewable energy implementation have been gaining prominence both in developed and developing countries. Though researchers across different disciplines in developed countries have started dealing with this issue, there is a lack of theoretical or empirical research in developing countries. This research from a pluralistic perspective and using the case study of ‘Charanaka Solar Park’ qualitatively analyses the relationship between ‘justice’ and solar energy implementation in India. The justice framework used in this thesis corresponds to the theoretical knowledge on a) procedural justice and b) distributional justice principles based in social, environmental, and energy justice literatures. The application of multiple theories of justice proved to be significant and useful instrument for analysing controversies over implementation of solar (renewable) energy policies. The results of this research have provided new insights into how social justice issues, such as recognition of marginalised communities, equal and democratic participation, and just distribution of project outcomes, are strongly interconnected to implementation of ‘environmentally good’ projects. Following the findings of this research, recommendations for policymakers and practitioners are proposed and pathways for future research are outlined.
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Vyas, Krutarth J. "HIV Stigma Within Religious Communities in Rural India." ScholarWorks, 2015. http://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1725.
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This study was conducted to gain a better understanding of HIV/AIDS-related stigma within religious communities in rural Gujarat, India. This study used the hidden distress model of HIV stigma and the HIV peer education model as conceptual frameworks to examine a rural population sample of 100 participants. Regression analysis was conducted to test if school education had a moderating effect on the relationship between illness as punishment for sin (IPS) and HIV stigma. Religiosity was tested for mediating effects on the relationship between early religious involvement (ERI) and HIV stigma. The results of this study indicated that single unemployed men under the age of 28 were more likely to relate religiosity, IPS, and ERI to HIV stigma. Furthermore, education did not significantly moderate the relationship between IPS and HIV Stigma, and religiosity also did not mediate the relationship between ERI and HIV stigma. However, an additional mediation analysis showed that IPS did mediate the relationship between religiosity and HIV stigma in this study. The results of this study suggested that HIV/AIDS awareness programs may need to focus on young unemployed men because they may be the most susceptible to stigmatic thinking. It can be concluded that IPS was a major contributor in the proliferation of HIV stigma for participants in this study. Further research is needed to understand how belief in an authoritarian God could increase IPS, and how education initiatives may aid in decreasing IPS among inhabitants. This study strived to add to the existing body of knowledge and help improve the lives of those infected with HIV in rural parts of India.
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Kumar, Megha. "Communal riots, sexual violence and Hindu nationalism in post-independence Gujarat (1969-2002)." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:2b06b4e0-afac-4571-ab46-44968d36b17c.
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In much existing literature the incidence of sexual violence during Hindu-Muslim conflict has been attributed to the militant ideology of Hindu nationalism. This thesis interrogates this view. It first examines the ideological framework laid down by the founding ideologues of the Hindu nationalist movement with respect to sexual violence. I argue that a justification of sexual violence against Muslim women is at the core of their ideology. In order to examine how this ideology has contributed to the actual incidents, this thesis studies the episodes of Hindu-Muslim violence that occurred in 1969, 1985, 1992 and 2002 in the western Indian city of Ahmedabad, Gujarat. An examination of these episodes shows that sexual violence against Muslim women, in both extreme and less extreme forms, were significantly motivated by Hindu nationalist ideology. However, in addition to this ideology, patriarchal ideas that serve to normalize sexual violence as ‘sex’ and sanction its infliction to maintain gendered hierarchies also motivated such crimes. Moreover, this thesis argues that the manifestation of Hindu nationalist and patriarchal motivations in acts of sexual violence was enabled by the breakdown of neighbourhood ties between Hindus and Muslims in 1969 and 2002. By contrast, during the 1985 and 1992 riots Hindus and Muslims strengthened neighbourhood ties despite extensive communal mobilization, which seems to have prevented the perpetration of extreme sexual violence against Muslim women. Thus, by providing a comprehensive analysis of the contribution of Hindu nationalist ideology, and arguing for the significance of the patriarchal ideas and neighbourhood ties in the infliction of sexual violence during conflict, this study contributes to and departs from the existing literature.
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Hansen, Christopher Joshi. "A bottom-up model of electricity reform for developing countries : a case study of Gujarat, India." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:dd6fd7af-b664-4fab-acc6-2be9efacf498.
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In many developing countries, the electricity system is too weak to meet growing demand and the availability and reliability of generating capacity is inadequate. Protracted mismanagement, political interference, subsidised pricing, and corruption all undermine the ability of developing electricity supply industries to finance and deliver service or attract new private investment. Power sector reform is an acute need in developing countries where implementation of a top-down liberalisation approach has been pursued without adequately considering the social, political and economic conditions. The conventional response to low levels of electricity sector investment has been from the top-down: aim to create competitive electricity markets by encouraging new entry into the generation sector and by breaking up vertically integrated power companies. Using a case study from Gujarat, India, this thesis argues for an alternative approach—utilise distributed generation (DG) and captive power capacity (self-generation) of industry to reshape the generation and distribution sectors from the bottom-up. The thesis examines the economic viability of distributed generation in a rural setting and captive power for industrial use in Gujarat, India, taking into account the economic, technical and political factors that shape investment decisions. In India, 40 percent of the population still does not have an electricity connection, but an array of new energy technologies for small-scale electricity generation near the site of use may provide a new development path. The bottom-up model enables rapid addition of generation capacity to a system struggling to meet demand while increasing competition in the power market. The thesis concludes that more power from independent and industrial sources will best harness the financial and engineer resources of the Indian electricity supply industry (ESI) and ultimately benefit the economy. The solution proposed is not suggested as an optimal policy programme, but instead is advanced as the best of the feasible options available within current political and economic constraints.
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Heitmeyer, Carolyn M. "Identity and difference in a Muslim community in central Gujarat, India following the 2002 communal violence." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2009. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2355/.
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The broad aim of the thesis is to examine the impact of class, caste and religious identity in constructing notions of Muslim identity in a small town in central Gujarat, India and to challenge wider assumptions about the primacy of religious identity in ordering sociality in 'everyday life' in the region following the large-scale violence against the Muslim minority in 2002. Based on fifteen months of ethnographic research, the thesis engages with debates about the impact of violence on inter-ethnic relations and the construction of a minority identity. My research focuses particularly on the Muslim Sunni Vohras in the town of Mahemdabad, a community whose language, residential patterns, dress and kinship system defy, both locally as well as more generally, dualistic notions of what constitutes 'Hindu'/'Muslim' modes of conduct. As a merchant group, Sunni Vohras in the town have traditionally maintained closer ties with local Hindu merchants rather than other Muslims with whom they commonly eschew close affiliation. Through an analysis of various spheres such as kinship, gender, religious practice and local politics, the thesis examines how different notions of 'Muslim identity' are at once predicated on an opposition to 'Hindu identity' but likewise how competing definitions are brandished as a means of establishing status and honour. On a wider level, the thesis presents an examination of how 'everyday coexistence' between different religious groups in the town following the 2002 violence and the way in which such coexistence is sustained and managed through informal networks. Unlike nearby cities, the town in which research was conducted had not previously experienced wide-scale attacks in the past and prided itself on the 'communal harmony' between Hindus and Muslims. The thesis argues that the ongoing salience of caste and class links between the two communities constitute a central factor in explaining how, despite the wider social and political context, religious identity has not succeeded in trumping previous forms of social stratification.
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Naz, Farhat [Verfasser]. "Socio-Cultural Implications of the Community-Based Water Management : A Case Study of Gujarat, India / Farhat Naz." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2011. http://d-nb.info/101621927X/34.
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Myrczik, Janina Eva Maria. "The capitalist spirit in the business elite in Gujarat." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/19500.
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Mehr als zwei Jahrzehnte nach der wirtschaftlichen Liberalisierung Indiens kam es zur Herausbildung einer neuen Kultur des Unternehmergeistes, eines kapitalistischen Geistes. Sie umfasst die Wiederbelebung traditioneller wie auch das Entstehen angeblich moderner Werte. Die Kultur des Unternehmergeistes bezog sich vorwiegend auf die aufstrebende Mittelschicht des Landes. Diese Arbeitet erforscht wie der kapitalistische Geist in der Wirtschaftselite im indischen Bundesstaat Gujarat entsteht. Das Ziel der Forschung liegt in der Erklärung von Ungleichzeitigkeit im kapitalistischen Geist. Gujarat bietet sich als Region für eine solche Analyse an, da der Staat sowohl über wirtschaftliche Traditionen verfügt wie auch eine starke wirtschaftliche Öffnung erfährt. Den kapitalistischen Geist fasse ich als kapitalistisches Ethos im Anschluss an Pierre Bourdieus Konzept des Habitus. In Kombination mit Boike Rehbeins Konzept der Soziokultur, welches nebeneinander bestehende Lagen mit unterschiedlichen sozio-historischem Ursprüngen in einer Gesellschaft erklärt, gehe ich der Forschungsfrage nach dem Entstehen des kapitalistischen Geistes nach. Die Forschung wurde mittels der Dokumentarischen Methode mit qualitativen Interviews mit der Wirtschaftselite in Gujarat durchgeführt.
Dem kapitalistischen Ethos in der Wirtschaftselite in Gujarat liegen drei Soziokulturen zugrunde, die mit der Britischen Kolonialzeit und Industrialisierung (1850-1947), mit der Zeit der eingeschränkten Wirtschaft (1947-1991) und mit der wirtschaftlichen Liberalisierung (1991) entstanden. Das kapitalistische Ethos wird in den Soziokulturen verschiedentlich interpretiert.
Ich habe drei kapitalistische Ethoi rekonstruiert: das Mahajan Ethos, das Nehruvianische Ethos und das Neoliberale Ethos.Almost two decades after India’s economic liberalization, scholars found the emergence of a new moral order. This new enterprise culture, or capitalist spirit, entailed the revival of traditional as well the formation of putatively modern values. While this enterprise culture accounted mostly to the emerging middle class in the country, similar changes were observed at the core of industrial capitalism: management styles, which remained unstudied sociologically. This thesis investigates how the capitalist spirit in the business elite in the Indian state of Gujarat emerges. The purpose of this study is to explain the emergence of asynchronicity in the capitalist spirit. Studying the business elite in a state with a stronghold in business traditions as well as a stark economic liberalization contributes to the above mentioned studies. Based on literature review I argue for the capitalist spirit as capitalist ethos, drawing on Pierre Bourdieu’s habitus concept in combination with Boike Rehbein ‘s concept of socioculture, which explains coexisting layers in societies of different socio-historical origins. This research interest was operationalized with the documentary method, conducting qualitative interviews with the top business leaders in Gujarat. In this study, the capitalist ethos in the business elite in Gujarat emerges in three sociocultures that arose with British colonialism and industrialization (1850-1947), with the restricted economy (1947-1991), and with economic liberalization (1991). The capitalist ethos is differently interpreted in the sociocultures and therefore gains different meaning. I reconstructed the three capitalist ethoi of the Mahajan Ethos, the Nehruvian Ethos and the Neoliberal Ethos, respectively.
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Trafford, V. N. "Developing a critical success factor approach to holistic institutional evaluation for polytechnics in the states of Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh, India, 1977-1984." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.379033.
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Vangani, Ruchi [Verfasser]. "Water, sanitation and agriculture linkages: impact on health and nutrition outcomes in peri-urban Gujarat, India / Ruchi Vangani." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1173898581/34.
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Karnyski, Margaret A. "Ethnomedical and biomedical health care and healing practices among the Rathwa adivasi of Kadipani village, Gujarat State, India." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0003050.
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Ancín, Itziar. "The Kabir Project. Bangalore and Mumbai (India)." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23290.
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The Kabir Project (K.P.) was born in Bangalore, India, in 2002, after the Gujarat pogrom, which occurred in the same year. In the context of increasing divisions in Indian society, defined by religion, social class, caste and gender, this research explores how this initiative, through live concerts and documentary films, spreads the folk music traditions of the 15th century mystic poet Kabir along with his messages of unity and understanding between confronted identity groups. This study presents the context of violence between Muslims and Hindus since the Indian Partition and the reasons for gendered violence in the conflict. It focuses also on the connections between globalization and minorities’ prosecution in liberal democracies; on the colonial roots and socioeconomic reasons which led to the Gujarat massacre in 2002; and the social role of the mystic as bridging cultural and religious differences. Through two complementary methods: in-depth interviews to audiences and organizers at the K. P. festivals in Bangalore and survey questionnaires distributed to the Kabir Festival Mumbai audiences, this study tries to answer the following questions: What is the potential for social change of the K. P. in the world-views of today's Indian citizens? Are the messages presented by films and folk music capable of generating positive attitudes towards dialogue between confronted identity categories? In which ways?The research reveals the success of the K. P. to challenge audiences’ minds through communication for development events, whose objectives are reached by spreading Kabir values through artistic forms, and by creating shared spaces between confronted identity sections. Festivals in rural areas help to diminish the distance between those antagonized communities. In addition, urban festivals also generate positive attitudes in elites towards dialogue and coexistence, since that is the social profile of the audience.
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Karmali, Talib Bahadurali. "Reaching the poor? : the identification and assessment of rural poverty by a non-governmental organisation (NGO) in Gujarat, India." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/7543.
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Mishra, Pramod K. "The comprehensive crop insurance scheme in India 1985-91 : a study of its working with special reference to Gujarat." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.359148.
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Novellino, Fajardo Marianna Isabel 1978. "Analysis of slipback of rural water supply systems in India using FIETS framework and IMIS database : Gujarat Case Study." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/100381.
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Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, System Design and Management Program, 2015.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 141-143).
The objective of this project is to address the failure rate or "slipback" of rural water supply systems in India by analyzing performance of previous water projects using the national government database called IMIS. Data analysis and visualization tools are used on the IMIS in combination with the FIETS framework for sustainability enabling the categorization of variables into Financial, Institutional, Environmental, Technological, and Social factors. This analysis provides an evaluation of the IMIS database and how it can be used to meet the FIETS categories. It also provides quantitative metrics of slipback of water supply systems based on the available variables, helping identify correlations to problem areas and FIETS variables, enabling data-driven actions to promote sustainability. This assessment is designed based on the state of Gujarat - a generally successful model of water management projects in India - for the developing stage. The Jamnagar district was selected for the sub-district level analysis. Results show that IMIS database has data that satisfy FIETS factors at state and district levels. There are some limitations on data visibility between these two geographical levels but in both cases a complete analysis of FIETS factors is possible. A gap data analysis provides a detailed list of what are the available variables and which ones are missing from the database. In the case of Gujarat there is a high coverage of water supply in the rural areas, which makes challenging to find correlations with FIETS factors. Significant positive correlation was identified between low covered areas and districts with high Scheduled Tribal population. There was no correlation between expenditures and low coverage areas or built infrastructure. At sub-district level there are less variables available for analysis and correlations were found to be similar to the state findings. Field visits were made to several villages in Jamnagar that raised questions about the water quality data as well as coverage. The use of IMIS database to improve the rural water supply sector is very recent and further research is recommended to improve the data collection process, enabling decision-makers to understand better IMIS data, and pilot test this analysis to improve the annual planning of water supply systems at district and state levels.
by Marianna I. Novellino F.
S.M. in Engineering and Management
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Singh, Monika. "On criminalized livelihoods and community forestry : a case study of traditional forest use by tribal communities in South Gujarat, India." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/55298.
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In India, the Indian Forest Acts of 1865 and 1878 transferred the ownership of all forest land and its resources to the colonial government. These were replaced by the Indian Forest Act of 1927, currently in force. Successive legislations continued to alienate resources from communities. This inadvertently criminalized the traditional forest-based livelihoods and cultural practices of local tribal communities.
Tribal communities continue to follow their local traditions, but lack the voice to protect their culture against non-local interventions. This denial of participation to tribal communities in managing forest resources has led to their alienation from the very resource they depend upon.
The Joint Forest Management (JFM) programme was promulgated in 1991 to increase local forest dwellers’ participation in forest management. The Forest Rights Act 2006 (FRA) attempted to address historical injustice meted to forest dependent communities. These policy level initiatives, de jure, could be viewed as an effort to partially restore the primacy of forests in the livelihoods of forest dwelling communities. However, JFM and the FRA continue to be subservient to the Indian Forest Act, 1927, and no substantial change is visible.
Using a case-study approach and purposive sampling, four villages in Gujarat State were selected for the study. Data was collected in 1995-97 and 2011 on people’s livelihoods, cultural practices, forest access and restrictions, awareness and participation in governmental, and community forestry activities. These data were compared to ascertain changes and continuity.
Results showed that despite JFM, the basic governance of forest management remains unchanged. Forest related cultural practices and livelihoods of local tribal communities continue to be marginalized and criminalized.
The thesis argues that the restorative efforts of JFM and FRA fail to adequately uphold human rights of tribal communities. It further offers an analysis of the impact of such provisions on the well-being of the tribal community.
Based on a concept of criminalization and empirical findings, the aspect of illegitimate illegality (legitimate activities labelled as illegal) is teased out from corruption. Using elements of Aboriginal Forestry, the Classification of Decriminalization framework is developed to recognize and to respect tribal people’s cultural identities.Forestry, Faculty of
Graduate
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Roelofsen, Jeanette N. "The primary and secondary mafic silicates of two alkaline anorogenic complexes, strange lake, Quebec-Labrador, and Ambda Dongar, Gujarat, India." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ30372.pdf.
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Roelofsen, Jeanette N. "The primary and secondary mafic silicates of two alkaline anorogenic complexes : Strange Lake (Quebec-Labrador) and Amba Dongar (Gujarat, India)." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=34440.
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The primary and secondary mafic silicates from the Amba Dongar carbonatitic-alkaline complex, Gujarat, India and the Strange Lake peralkaline granitic complex, Quebec-Labrador, Canada are the subject of this investigation of their origin, evolution and relationship to mineralization. Primary minerals are transformed by a variety of processes related to their crystallization history. The most important of these processes are: magma evolution, magma degassing and metasomatism. These processes are commonly associated with the evolution of peralkaline granitic and carbonatitic-alkaline complexes, and with the formation of associated mineral deposits (e.g., fluorite in the Amba Dongar complex; Zr-, REE- (rare-earth elements), Be-, Nb-and Y-rich deposit in the Strange Lake complex). Although all minerals in these complexes may be subject to these changes, the mafic silicates amphibole, pyroxene and mica are of particular interest, as they remain poorly studied and may comprise up to 10 vol.% of the rock. Moreover, they can contain significant quantities of high field-strength elements (HFSE), which may be mobilized following interaction with later fluids, and deposited as secondary minerals in the ore zone.In the Amba Dongar complex, Na-metasomatism followed by K- (or Mg-) metasomatism resulted in the formation of fenites, with mobilization of HFSE, among other trace elements. Vermiculite was formed by a subsequent stage of hydrothermal alteration, which is also responsible for formation of the fluorite deposit. In the Strange Lake complex, enrichment of the primary arfvedsonitic amphibole in HFSE and REE is related to magmatic evolution, whereas later degassing released sufficient amounts of volatiles and Na that the amphibole became more potassic and aegirine crystallized. This amphibole acted as a sink for trace elements such as Li, HFSE and REE. These elements were remobilized during Na-metasomatism through replacement of amphibole by aegirine, and deposited as secondary, generally Ca-rich, minerals (e.g., winchitic amphibole and biopyriboles) during later, lower-temperature Ca-metasomatism. Primary mafic silicates in alkaline complexes can thus undergo metasomatic reactions that result in the mobilization of elements that contribute to formation of related ore deposits. These findings concerning the solid phases involved in both localities correlate very well with indications of mixing of two distinct fluid phases.
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Sood, Priya. "Flowing upstream, the case for co-operative efforts between NGO-state relationships concerning the drinking water crisis in rural Gujarat (India)." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ57328.pdf.
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Rask, Evelina. "Discourse Democracy and Labour Relations : A case study of social dialogue and the socio-economic situation of informal workers in Gujarat, India." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-351666.
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This thesis firstly explores the process and effects of social dialogue in the context of informal home-based workers in Gujarat, India, and secondly the applicability of Dryzek’s theory of discourse democracy on this case study. In doing this, the study investigates the potential of social dialogue and discourse democracy to work as instruments for improving the social and economic situation of the workers. The case study consists of how the organisation and trade union Self Employed Women’s Association (SEWA) communicate with influential actors in order to improve the social and economic situation of the informal home-based workers. The material is gathered through interviews with four organisers at SEWA, and observations made when visiting three areas of home-based workers. The empirical results are presented in a chapter demonstrating the process of social dialogue and its effect on the workers situation in this particular context. The second part of the results is a discussion where the theoretical framework, consisting of Dryzek’s discourse democracy and the critique of Habermas’s deliberative democracy that structure his theory, and the empirical findings are scrutinised in relation to each other; by discussing traits of the theories in connection to the case study. The thesis concludes that there are similarities between social dialogue in this case and the theory of discourse democracy, but the theory cannot wholly be used to conceptualise social dialogue. It demonstrated the importance of the communicative decision-making to admit a wide variety of kinds of communication and to involve an active civil society with support in the constitutional framework for improving the social and economic situation of the workers. However, it also indicates that other practices than communicative ones are necessary in this struggle.
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Jayakumar. "Conversions and re-conversions in South Gujarat an analytical study of the responses of the converts and re-converts in the context of persecution /." Columbia, SC : Columbia Theological Seminary, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2986/tren.023-0217.
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Banik, Kakali Rita. "Case study of a gender and reproductive health education training program for adolescent males in rural villages in the state of Gujarat, India." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/3518.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2006.Thesis research directed by: Education Policy, and Leadership. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Read, Clancy. "Applying a participatory action research model to assess and address community health concerns among tribal communities in Gujarat, Western India : the potential and challenges of participatory approaches." Thesis, Curtin University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/717.
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Scheduled Tribes are a highly marginalised minority population in India as a result of discrimination and oppression of the historic caste system that still exists post-independence. Poverty is endemic amongst the tribal population along with poor health indicators disparate to those of the broader population. It is within this challenging environment of layered disparity (geographical, socio-cultural, gendered and socio-economical) in addition to tribalism, casteism and conflict with government and corporate structures, that this international collaborative research study was undertaken. Using a multi-stage approach, the objective of this study was to explore community perceptions of health issues in five rural, tribal villages in Gujarat, Western India and transform community knowledge into action. A modified framework of the widely used applied research methodology, participatory action research (PAR) was used for this study.Stage 1 generated knowledge of community health problems by applying rapid participatory appraisal (RPA). Based on the knowledge and perceptions of the local community, and using the RPA information pyramid as a framework, data was collected from each village in 2009, using a combination of semi structured interviews with community key informants, direct observation through community visits, focus group interviews and review of existing records. In total, 82 people were interviewed throughout the RPA process. Later returning to communities, a process of confirming and prioritising the health concerns was undertaken in preparation for Stage 2.Community based participatory research (CBPR), an action focused approach, was applied in Stage 2 to design action-interventions to address community prioritised health issues. In the early stages of Stage 2, the practicality of developing and implementing action-interventions was impeded by multiple contextual, social and cultural factors and the research was discontinued before completing a full cycle of PAR. To further understand the complexities of working with communities for change, insider perspectives and experiences of working with local communities towards empowerment and social change were sought from eight key informants, contributing to further understanding of the study.The results of this study reveal the priority health issues identified by the communities, uncover challenges inherent in participatory research, and present key informants’ perspectives of their work with marginalised communities. The RPA results provided a documentation of community-identified and prioritised health problems in each of the five selected study villages. Alcohol abuse was endemic in all study villages. Sanitation issues were also significant with 50% of homes in some villages having no access to toilets. Further issues of concern were environmental pollution, access to and quality of health care, road traffic safety, and underlying poverty. The employed participatory methods produced new shared knowledge unique to this study setting. For the first time, perceptions and voices of marginalised communities in these villages have been recorded, study findings compiled and distributed among the community.The transparent audit trail of activity in Stage 2 of the research combined with the documented perspectives of local social activists informed the discussion on the challenges of participatory research approaches in complex environments. It also provided information to further modify the PAR framework for future application. The resultant modified framework presents a practical approach and proposes some new improvements to practice when working with communities for knowledge generation through needs assessments, to needs-based action-interventions. Its combination of theoretical and practical considerations makes it suitable for non-government organisations (NGO), field practitioners and academics.The researcher argues that tested methodologies, approaches and methods alone cannot ensure a successful outcome to the knowledge to action transition and subsequently, PAR approaches. External factors separate from methodological decisions impact on a study and combined with the complex nature of community problems can cause less than desired outcomes. A recommendation is made for further research into these factors, as resources may be better directed by assessing if community efforts are likely to evoke action, leading to beneficial change. Whilst participatory action research is inherently challenging when applied in disadvantaged communities in complex environments, there is hope that with continual improvements community led action can bring about change for the communities where the applied research is undertaken.
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Desai, S. "The effect of health education on women's treatment-seeking behaviour : findings from a cluster randomised trial and an in-depth investigation of hysterectomy in Gujarat, India." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2015. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/2228561/.
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A community-based health insurance scheme operated by the Self-Employed Women’s Association (SEWA), an organisation of women workers in India, reported that the leading reasons for inpatient hospitalisation claims by adult women were diarrhoea, fever and hysterectomy – the latter at the average age of 37. In 2010, SEWA initiated a cluster randomised trial to evaluate whether community health worker-led education amongst insured and uninsured adult women could reduce morbidity, hospitalisation and insurance claims related to these three conditions. This thesis reports the findings of the intervention evaluation and of an in-depth examination of hysterectomy, the most common cause of hospitalisation. Literature reviews were conducted on the effect of community health worker-led group health education and on the frequency of hysterectomy in low and middle-income countries. Analysis of the cluster randomised trial utilised data from SEWA’s insurance database and four household surveys. Hysterectomy was explored through an in-depth qualitative study and quantitative analyses using the study cohort to estimate incidence and identify determinants of the procedure. Lastly, findings were synthesised with process data to examine the intervention process, with a focus on hysterectomy. Statistical analyses indicated no evidence of an intervention effect on insurance claims, hospitalisations or morbidity related to fever, diarrhoea and hysterectomy. There was no evidence of effect modification by insurance status. Hysterectomy amongst women in their mid-thirties appeared to be rooted in its normalisation as a prophylactic, permanent treatment for gynaecological ailments. Incidence of hysterectomy was associated with income, age and number of children. Evaluation of the intervention process suggested that improved knowledge was necessary, but not sufficient, to change women’s treatment-seeking behaviour regarding hysterectomy. Interventions to reduce hysterectomy must integrate approaches that address the structural determinants of the procedure, such as the lack of reproductive and sexual health services, providers’ behaviour towards low-income women and attitudes towards the utility of the uterus.
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Thompson, Gordon Ross. "Music and values in Gujarati-speaking Western India." An electronic book accessible through the World Wide Web; click for information, 1987. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=753729281&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=78910&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Machado, Pedro Alberto Da Silva Rupino. "Gujarati Indian merchant networks in Mozambique, 1777-c.1830." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.417047.
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Assar, Nandini Narain. "Gender Hierarchy Among Gujarati Immigrants: Linking Immigration Rules and Ethnic Norns." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/11115.
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Immigration policy and tradition dovetail in their impact on the social organization of immigrant communities, linking the material and non-material aspects of gender. I focus on Asian Indian Patels, who dominate the budget motel business in the United States. I conducted semi-structured interviews with Patel men, women, and teenagers. I stayed overnight in the motels to observe families at work. I was almost always invited to prepare and share a meal, so I observed families at home. My analysis is based on transcribed interviews with participants, fieldnotes, observations, community publications, and information from three key contacts. Most Patels enter the U.S. under family reunification rules in a chain migration. These rules do not recognize families as labor; therefore a majority of documented immigrants are exempt from labor certification. Traditions define Patel women as housewives. The nature of motel work allows women to contribute their labor full-time and still remain housewives: they are not recognized as workers. Community financing and family labor, both escapes from the market economy, allow for the economic success of Patels. When families take on subsequent links in the chain migration, they must meet the costs of migration for new immigrants, and maintain traditional gender hierarchy. When they are the last link in the chain, there is a challenge to this hierarchy. In the second generation, when they remain in the motel business, Patels maintain traditional gender hierarchy. When either partner is linked to the labor market, there is a challenge to traditional gender hierarchy.Ph. D.
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Harrington-Watt, Kathleen. "Vernacular Photographs as Privileged Objects:The Social Relationships of Photographs in the Homes of Gujarati/New Zealanders." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Social and Political Sciences, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6208.
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Photographs traverse the world in many forms and for many purposes. They follow and trace movements and networks of people, and have become essential objects in linking the past, present, and future of migrating communities. Vernacular photographs found in the home, encompass a substantial field of neglected knowledge and should be accorded greater attention and analysis in social science research. Vernacular images in academic research are often described as ordinary and mundane, their representational aspects are perceived to be repetitive and unremarkable (portraits, family snapshots etc.). However, this thesis argues that vernacular photographs are privileged objects and it is their universality and social embeddedness that elevates their significance in social science research. Unlike public or institutionalised photographic archives, vernacular archives operate within active social contexts and are alive with social agency. In this thesis, I use Alfred Gell’s anthropological theory of Art and Agency as the framework for conceptualising the social agency of photographs. To support these claims, this research examines the personal photographs found in the vernacular archives of a Gujarati migrant group in Christchurch, New Zealand. The photographs presented by members of this group are found at the centre of their social lives, mirroring their experiences and relationships in visual form. I use the Chakra Wheel as a visual metaphor to symbolise the nature of this group and their photographs. This metaphor speaks directly to the phenomenon of transnationalism and acknowledges that, for migrant communities, these transitioning processes are complex and elaborate, where the foundations of kinship and homemaking are constantly shifting. Vernacular photographs are at the centre of these transnational exchanges and networks, shifting from place to place, creating tangible and virtual threads between individuals, families, villages, and communities. They anchor these relationships at various sites, such as the wall in the family home, in albums, wallets, and on the internet. Vernacular photographs mirror these complex processes, and silently record and embody the social lives of people in a visual way.
The mirrored reflection of the vernacular photograph can be both objective and subjective. By using the vernacular photograph as a research medium, in ethnographic research, we can get closer to the lived reality of people’s social lives. To emphasise the privileged position of vernacular photographs, I have chosen to use the methodology of photo-elicitation to position the photograph at the centre of enquiry. The methodology used in this thesis borrows some essential concepts from the discipline of phototherapy. Phototherapy claims that photographs can open up an exploration of us and others and, when the participant has primary agency, the affective force of the photograph is powerful and insightful. This thesis strongly supports these assumptions. Phototherapy uses photographs to explore the thoughts and unconscious processes of individuals. I argue that, in social research, photographs can also be used to explore and ‘open up’ the social world, by positioning the participant as the prime authority of their images, and their images as the vehicle of engagement and communication. By using vernacular photographs in this way, I look at both ‘on the surface’ and ‘below the surface’ of the image, making links with Barthes’ photographic theory and his concepts of ‘studium’ and ‘punctum’. In this thesis, the participants are the curators of their own personal archives. Their photographs give an emic view of their world, emphasising the importance of their migrant history, ancestors, village home, community, and cultural identity. Their photographs mediate agency between persons and places: keeping alive personal and spiritual relationships in the here and now; reinforcing essential familial knowledge systems; and assisting in creating and maintaining community identity and belonging.
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Brun, Christelle. "De la caste marchande gujarati à la communauté religieuse fatimide : construction identitaire et conflits chez les daoudi bohras (ouest de l'Inde)." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOU20031.
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A partir de l'ethnographie d'une secte minoritaire de l'islam indien, les ismaéliens daoudi bohras, cette thèse explore les processus menant à la construction identitaire en tant que communauté religieuse distincte. Les daoudi bohras, dont une large majorité vit entre Mumbai, le Gujarat et le Sind, forment à la fois une caste commerçante et une secte ismaélienne chiite avec ses propres rites. Dès l'époque coloniale, et ce jusqu'à aujourd'hui, des conflits internes ont porté sur les modalités de l'autorité suprême, celle du guide religieux le d'ai et de l'organisation par laquelle il gouverne, la dawat. Cette thèse, à travers un travail monographique, explore les différents aspects d'un conflit qui a abouti au relatif échec des réformes religieuses demandées par une branche 'progressiste'. Une première partie historique revient sur la genèse de ce communautarisme durant la période coloniale puis dans le contexte de l'émergence des nationalismes religieux en Asie du sud. Une deuxième partie explore les composantes de l'identité communautaire. Quelle est la nature de la « dawat », l'institution religieuse représentative de l'ensemble des membres? La réorganisation de cette institution s'est opérée dans la concurrence avec d'autres organisations prosélytes (hindouisme militant, islam réformé, sécularisme ressenti). Progressivement, l'association fonctionnelle de la caste, dont l'objectif premier était de représenter les intérêts du réseau mercantile, s'est affirmée comme la résurgence d'un modèle de gouvernance idéal. Tandis que les relations politiques se teintent de clientélisme, la communauté est sacralisée autour de sa puissante institution centraleThis thesis explores the processes which frame the identity construction as a distinctive Ismaili religious community. The research is based on a detailed ethnography study of this minority of Indian Muslims. The Dawoodi Bohras are largely settled in the region of Mumbai, Gujarat and Sind. They represent both a business caste as well as an Ismaili shia sect which nurtures its own rites. Since the colonial time, internal conflicts have confrontated the supreme authority and the “dawat” central organization. This thesis explores the various aspects of the conflict which have resulted in a relative failure of the religious reforms which were requested by a progressive branch of the community. The first part of the thesis examines the genesis of this communalism within the context of the emerging religious nationalisms in South Asia.The second part investigates the different aspects of the community identity. What is the nature of the “dawat”, the religious institution representing the dawoodi bohras? The reorganization of this institution occurred in the confrontation with the political environment (Hindutva, reformed Islam, secularism). The association of the mercantile caste, promoting the interests of the membres of the network, has gradually become sacralized and emerged like « a religious ideal society ». While the political relations of the dawat are based on clientelism, the power of this central institution is sacralized within the community
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Mayer, Agnes Zsofia. "Indian Migration in European Cities: Comparative experiences how Gujarati immigrants are reshaping Leicester and Milan." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3425266.
Full textAbstract:
In the context of globalisation, not only human movement became more facile between places, but the meaning of people’s locality turned unstable and uncertain. During last four decades, the number of studies on the link between people and place has increased, in order to understand the multiplying and reciprocal interactions between people and place, and to recognize the challenges that the change of place issues to people, and the challenges that migrants’ arrival issues to the receiving place, especially to urban environment.
The purpose of this research is to contribute to the discussion about the role of place played in identity, and that how migration influences the place-identity. It investigates the elicitation of attachment to home place, the disruption of place-identity continuity caused by migration, and the reconstruction of homely environment in order to maintain place-identity continuity after the settlement. According to these phases, the research units seek to answer the questions: how home place induces an attachment in people, how the change between places influences the place-identity continuity, and how relocated people manifest and maintain their attachment towards the home place. The study explores the answers in the case of Gujarati immigrants arrived in Leicester and Milan. The cross-urban comparison makes possible to examine the effects of postcolonial relations and migrant community development; size and concentration on the recreation and preservation of place-identity.
Empirical inquiry is based on ethnographic field work: in-depth interviews and non-participant observations. The research analyses overall 62 interviews with Hindu Gujarati immigrants and descendants in Leicester and Milan; 36 and 26 interviews respectively, furthermore completed with further 6 interviews gained from research archives. Observation covers the urban public places, focusing on the material environment, social life, and religious ceremonies.
The study uses the identity-theory as a theoretical framework to transfer the principles of identity to the concept of place and model the complex entity of people-place relationship. It organises the place, person, and process aspects of people-place relationship into a simple four-party model, applying it to the empirical exploration of research themes.
Empirical findings call attention to the outstanding role of home place amongst the places that people come into contact with during their lifetime. First, the research provides clues that due to which particular place features the home place evokes strong positive emotions in Gujarati immigrants. Secondly, examining the emotional effects of migration and resettlement, it reinforces the trace of earlier investigations, proving that migration causes a mental confusion as it is accompanied by change of place. Advancing further, it shows that there is relation between the sense of disruption and certain abilities of immigrants and certain qualities of sending and receiving places. Thirdly, analysing how Gujarati immigrants and descendants maintain and express their attachment to place in Leicester and Milan, the research manifests that immigrants intend to keep up their belonging whenever it is possible, instead an assimilation into the new urban environment. It demonstrated that Gujarati immigrants use the same type of practices to reconstruct the homely environment in the two cities, but they have different outcomes, depending on immigrants’ special skills, labour profile, and the particular environmental factors of settlement place. Cross-urban results also indicate that postcolonial relations between the migrant sending and receiving countries, providing a receptive environment in the destination place and internationally extended social network, guide migratory pattern and favourably influence the immigrant community development, thus they may indirectly facilitate the transformation of urban place.
Empirical findings provide evidences that home place, through the emotional bonding felt towards the environment, became part of people’s identity developing place-identity, and the need to regain the sense of home place disturbed by the migration prompts immigrants to recreate the home place in the urban settlement. By its results, the research contributes and provides new empirical findings to the growing body of literature on place-identity and urban ethnic landscape from many sides. However, the conscious adherence to the homely traditions, the maintenance of social group belonging, and the prominent use of religious practice hint that besides the environmental factors, migrants’ culture also plays a significant role in place-identity continuity. This calls attention to the need for further empirical examinations of the effects of cultural belonging on place-identity, and the need to construct a more culture-sensible place-identity framework.Nel contesto globalizzato, gli spostamenti delle persone sono diventati più facili e il significato di località è diventato instabile e incerto. Nel corso degli ultimi quattro decenni il numero degli studi sul rapporto tra uomo e ambiente è aumentato. Tali studi hanno le finalità di comprendere le interazioni reciproche e multifunzionali tra persone e ambiente, e di riconoscere le sfide del cambiamento che l’ambiente produce sulle persone da un lato, e dall’altro del cambiamento prodotto dall’arrivo dei migranti, in particolare sull’ambiente urbano. L’obiettivo di questa ricerca è quello di contribuire alla discussione sul ruolo del luogo nell'identità, e su come la migrazione influenza l’identità di luogo dei migranti. Indaga l’attaccamento all’ambiente di casa, l'interruzione della continuità dell’identità di luogo causata dalla migrazione, e la ricostruzione di ambiente familiare al fine di mantenere la continuità di identità dopo l'insediamento. Secondo queste tre fasi, i capitoli della presente ricerca cercano di rispondere alle seguenti domande : in che modo l’ambiente di casa induce un attaccamento nelle persone, come il cambiamento tra luoghi influenza la continuità dell’identità di luogo, e infine come la gente trasferita manifesta e mantiene il suo attaccamento verso l’ambiente di casa. È analizzato il caso degli indù gujarati migranti arrivati a Leicester e a Milano. Il confronto cross-urbano permette di esaminare: gli effetti dei rapporti post-coloniali e lo sviluppo delle comunità migranti; le dimensioni e la concentrazione sulla ricostruzione e sul mantenimento dell’identità di luogo. La ricerca empirica si basa su un lavoro di campo etnografico con interviste in profondità e osservazioni non partecipanti. Nello specifico, sono analizzate 62 interviste realizzate con indù gujarati immigrati e discendenti a Leicester e a Milano, 36 e 26 interviste rispettivamente, completate con 6 interviste raccolte da diversi archivi di ricerca. L'osservazione riguarda i luoghi pubblici urbani, con particolare attenzione all'ambiente materiale, alla vita sociale, e ai riti e cerimonie religiosi. Lo studio utilizza la teoria dell'identità come un quadro teorico per trasferire i principi dell’identità al concetto del luogo e forma la complessa entità del rapporto persona-ambiente. Organizza luogo, persona e processo del rapporto persona-ambiente in un modello a quattro componenti, applicanto all'esplorazione empirica dei temi di ricerca. I risultati empirici richiamano l'attenzione sul ruolo eccezionale dell’ambiente di casa tra i luoghi con cui le persone entrano in contatto durante la loro vita. In primo luogo la ricerca rivela quali sono le funzioni particolari dell'ambiente con cui l'ambiente di casa suscita emozioni forti e positive negli immigrati gujarati. In secondo luogo, esaminando gli effetti emotivi della migrazione e del reinsediamento, l'investigazione rafforza i risultati di ricerche pregresse, dimostrando che l'immigrazione provoca una frattura mentale causata da un cambiamento di luogo. Ancora, la ricerca mostra una relazione tra da un lato la frattura sentimentale e dall'altro l’abilità dei migranti e qualità dei luoghi di invio e di ricezione. In terzo luogo, analizzando come gli immigrati gujarati e i loro discendenti conservano ed esprimono il loro attaccamento all’ambiente di casa a Leicester e a Milano, la ricerca mette in evidenza che gli immigrati tendono a mantenere la loro appartenenza quanto più possibile, e non ad assimilarsi nel nuovo ambiente urbano. Gli immigrati gujarati usano lo stesso tipo di pratiche per ricostruire l'ambiente familiare nelle due città, con risultati diversi a seconda delle competenze speciali, del loro profilo di lavoro e dei fattori ambientali particolari del luogo di insediamento. I risultati cross-urbani indicano inoltre che le relazioni postcoloniali tra il Paese di invio e il Paese ricevente dei migranti, fornendo un ambiente ricettivo nel luogo di destinazione ed una rete sociale estesa nell’ambito internazionale, guidano il percorso migratorio e influenzano favorevolmente lo sviluppo della comunità di immigrati. In tal modo le relazioni postcoloniali possono indirettamente facilitare la trasformazione del luogo urbano. I risultati empirici provenienti dalla ricerca mettono in evidenza che l'ambiente di casa fa parte dell'identità tramite il legame emotivo costruito con l'ambiente, sviluppando l'identità di luogo, e dimostrano che il bisogno di ritrovare il senso dell'ambiente di casa disturbata dalla migrazione spinge gli immigrati a ricreare l'ambiente di casa nel luogo urbano di insediamento. La ricerca contribuisce e fornisce nuove scoperte empiriche alla letteratura sull’identità di luogo e sul paesaggio urbano, etnico. Tuttavia, l'adesione cosciente alle tradizioni familiari, il mantenimento dell’appartenenza al gruppo sociale e l'uso prominente delle pratiche religiose suggeriscono che oltre ai fattori ambientali, la cultura dei migranti svolge un ruolo significativo nella continuità dell’identità di luogo. Lo studio richiama l'attenzione sulla necessità di ulteriori esami empirici sugli effetti dell’appartenenza culturale sull’identità di luogo e sulla necessità di costruire un quadro dell’identità di luogo più articolato, includente la cultura.
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Twamley, Katherine. "A suitable match : love and marriage amongst middle class Gujaratis in India and the UK." Thesis, City University London, 2010. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/1182/.
Full textAbstract:
The thesis is an ethnographic study exploring understandings of love and intimacy amongst young middle class Indians of Gujarati origin living in the UK and India. It is based primarily upon repeat in-depth interviews, and participant observation. A two site comparative study was used to enable an understanding of how social and economic contexts shape cultural constructions of intimate relationships and sexuality. I explore these issues through the narratives of men and women who are either single, in the process of courtship/pre-marital relationships, or are recently married. The study is informed by recent work in the 'political economy of love' and Giddens' thesis on the 'Transformation of Intimacy‘. I examine to what extent young Gujaratis aspire to or are moving towards a more individualized, companionate and 'western' model of relationships, and whether such a 'transformation' impacts on the gender relations between husband and wife. I argue that while global ideologies of romantic love are pervasive, they are interpreted by informants within local understandings of appropriate marriage and relationships. As such, informants in Baroda, India are negotiating new forms of courtship which fit in with the ideals of love, but also with more traditional aspects of arranged marriage as a system of status maintenance. They want to be in love with their future spouse, but only within socially acceptable models of endogamous marriage. In contrast in the UK love marriage is idealised over arranged marriage. Informants distanced themselves from any sense of 'arrangement' in their relationships, which seemed to call into question for them the veractiy of their love. The social context of the UK both supports and facilitates love marriage amongst young people, while the converse is true in India. Largely men and women in both contexts appeared to have similar aspirations for their relationships, though women were likely to be more in favour of egalitarian values. What this meant was interpreted differently in India and the UK. In neither setting, however, was gender equality fully realised in the lives of the informants due to both structural and normative constraints.
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Bavishi, Shilpa. "Exploring the experiences of Indian Gujarati people in the London area supporting a person with dementia." Thesis, University of East London, 2013. http://roar.uel.ac.uk/3494/.
Full textAbstract:
Dementia care-giving is often constructed as burdensome and stressful. However, there is a growing interest to explore what the positive aspects of care-giving might be. Furthermore, there is little research which has focussed on the experiences of dementia care-giving in minority ethnic groups. Existing research mostly homogenises different ethnic groups, particularly different South Asian communities. It is argued that little is known about the care-giving experiences of specific South Asian subgroups but early research suggests variations in care-giving exists between them. The aim of the present study was to gain an insight into how some British Indian Gujaratis, a specific South Asian cultural linguistic group, felt about supporting a family member with dementia, particularly what care-giving meant to them, what were the positive and negative aspects of care-giving and what helped them to cope. The present study adopted a qualitative methodology using semi-structured interviews. Ten participants’ accounts were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Four main themes emerged capturing the impact of dementia care-giving for caregivers at an intrapsychic, dyadic, family and community and culture level. Each theme had a number of subordinate themes. Consistent with previous findings were the themes of psychological impact, growth and development, loss of relationship, reciprocity and family support. The study highlighted new themes at a community and culture level around expectations and norms and knowing and talking about dementia. It also highlighted the role religion and spirituality might play in helping some to manage the negative impact of care-giving. The findings have both clinical and research implications which are highlighted.