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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Gynandry

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Academic literature on the topic 'Gynandry'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Gynandry"

1

Laborda, Álvaro, and Fernando Pérez-Miles. "The first case of gynandry in Mygalomorphae:Pterinochilus murinus, morphology and comments on sexual behavior (Araneae: Theraphosidae)." Journal of Arachnology 45, no. 2 (August 2017): 235–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1636/joa-s-049.1.

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K, Nirubama, Narendhirakannan R.T, Rubalakshmi G, Vijayakumar N, and Vinodhini M. "Homology modeling and insilico approach of cleome gynandra - an indigenous medicinal plant." Kongunadu Research Journal 7, no. 2 (October 5, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/krj.2020.14.

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Cleome gynandra is a widespread medicinal plant belonging to the family Capparaceae. In Ayurvedic medicine C. gynandra is a main component in Narayana Churna. It has numerous properties like Anthelmintic, in ear diseases, pruritis and several other diseases like gastro intestinal disorders and gastrointestinal infections etc. This is an effort to gather and document evidence on different features of C. gynnadra and highlight the need for survey and development. In this current study, nine proteins of C. gynandra were identify by using of bioinformatics tools. The bioinformatic study of the characterization of proteins of C.gynandra were using Expasy Protparam server, 3D structure was done using SWISS MODEL. Plants ofdifferent family show uniqueness 98% and above were particular and its sequences retrieved, aligned using Clustal Omega. Secondary Structure prediction exhibited that α – helix, random coil, β – turn and long strand leads. Phylogenetic analysis of Glyceraldehyde 3 PO4 of C. gynandra exposes that the Capparaceae families are closely related. Insilco sequence analysis of C. gynandra showed that these proteins taken from different organisms linked organized evolutionarily as they possess conserved regions in their protein sequences.These results will be helpful to further study on C. gynandra protein functions at molecular or structural levels and also valuable in homology modelling and insilico approach.

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Adhikari, Partha Pradip, and Satya Bhusan Paul. "MEDICINALLY IMPORTANT PLANT CLEOME GYNANDRA: A PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL EXPLANATION." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v11i1.22037.

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Cleome genus includes 601 plant species from the family Cleomaceae. Of more than 600 plants, 206 (34.3%) plants are having accepted species names. Cleome gynandra Linn. is a well-known medicinal plant with traditional and pharmacological importance. A good number of secondary plant metabolites have also been isolated from different parts of C. gynandra. Our investigation confirms two mutant varieties of C. gynandra exists in India. Accordingly, the objective of this study was designed to critically evaluate the pharmacological and phytochemical evaluation of C. gynandra of two mutant variety, to provide a consolidated platform for research potential of both the mutant varieties of C. gynandra. Careful scrutiny reveals that the plant possesses a huge range pharmacological applications, such as anti-inflammatory, free radical scavenging, anticancerous, immunomodulator, and antidiabetic agents. To arrive its pharmacological importance the published papers also shown an enormous amount of phytochemicals endorsement. Scientific perusal reveals different parts of the plant has an immense medicinal importance which proofs its traditional use round the glove. But in North-Eastern region of India, the same plant abundantly found in pink mutant variety. To date, there is not much research investigation for this mutant variety to validate its pharmacological importance. Therefore, research needs to scrutinize and compare the medicinal claims of the pink mutant variety in the bio-diverse region of North-East India.

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Adhikari, Partha Pradip, and Satya Bhusan Paul. "MEDICINALLY IMPORTANT PLANT CLEOME GYNANDRA: A PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL EXPLANATION." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i1.22037.

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Cleome genus includes 601 plant species from the family Cleomaceae. Of more than 600 plants, 206 (34.3%) plants are having accepted species names. Cleome gynandra Linn. is a well-known medicinal plant with traditional and pharmacological importance. A good number of secondary plant metabolites have also been isolated from different parts of C. gynandra. Our investigation confirms two mutant varieties of C. gynandra exists in India. Accordingly, the objective of this study was designed to critically evaluate the pharmacological and phytochemical evaluation of C. gynandra of two mutant variety, to provide a consolidated platform for research potential of both the mutant varieties of C. gynandra. Careful scrutiny reveals that the plant possesses a huge range pharmacological applications, such as anti-inflammatory, free radical scavenging, anticancerous, immunomodulator, and antidiabetic agents. To arrive its pharmacological importance the published papers also shown an enormous amount of phytochemicals endorsement. Scientific perusal reveals different parts of the plant has an immense medicinal importance which proofs its traditional use round the glove. But in North-Eastern region of India, the same plant abundantly found in pink mutant variety. To date, there is not much research investigation for this mutant variety to validate its pharmacological importance. Therefore, research needs to scrutinize and compare the medicinal claims of the pink mutant variety in the bio-diverse region of North-East India.

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Widodo, Agustinus, and Ritha Pratiwi. "PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING, TOTAL FLAVONOID, ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, AND TOXICITY OF ETHANOL EXTRACT Cleome gynandra L. HERB." Journal of Islamic Pharmacy 3, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/jip.v3i2.6101.

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<em>Cleome gynandra L. is one of the plants that the people of Palu, Central Sulawesi use as food ingredients. This plant is empirically used in traditional medicine. This study aims to determine phytochemical constituents, total flavonoid, antioxidant activity, and toxicity of 96% ethanol extract of C. gynandra herb. C. gynandra herb extract was obtained by maceration. Phytochemical screening of the ethanol extract was carried out qualitatively according to the standard methods. Determination of total flavonoid using AlCl<sub>3</sub> then determined by Spectrophotometric UV-Vis. Antioxidant activity using the DPPH method and determined IC<sub>50</sub> value. Toxicity test was assessed using shrimp lethality as an indicator of toxicity. Phytochemical screening showed 96% ethanol extract containing alkaloid compounds, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, and tannins. Total flavonoid of the 96% ethanol extract was 4,778 ± 0,522 mg QE/g extract. Antioxidant activity (IC<sub>50</sub>) of the ethanol 96% extract was 189,455 µg/ml. Lethal concentration 50% of the 96% ethanol extract was 472,648 mg/L (toxic). The results of this study indicate that 96% ethanol extract of C. gynandra herb has antioxidant activity and has the potential to be further tested as an anticancer activity.</em>

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Wakhisi, Charles Wanjala, Gicheru Muita Michael, and Eric Mwangi. "Mineral and Phytochemical Composition of Cleome Gynandra Methanolic Extract." Advanced Journal of Graduate Research 8, no. 1 (April 11, 2020): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/ajgr.8.1.18-26.

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The study was done to evaluate the mineral and phytochemical composition of the methanolic extract of Cleome gynandra (spider plant). The plant is used as a traditional vegetable in some communities in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. The plant has also been reported to have some medicinal effect due to presence of phytochemicals but its pharmacological and phytochemical profile has not been fully established. Collection and authentication of the plant was done followed by extraction using methanol as a solvent. The phytochemical investigation was done using both chemical analysis and chromatography method by use of a Gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GCMS) system as per standard protocol. Cleome gynandra was found to contain some mineral compounds of nutritional importance and phytochemicals with potential medicinal importance. The phytochemicals analyzed include saponins, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, terpanoids and polyphenols. These different phytochemicals can be further studied and their potential medicinal importance analyzed. The study concluded that Cleome gynandra contains phytochemicals with potentially important medicinal value. The plant (Cleome gynandra) can also be used as an important nutritional source of some essential nutrients like Vitamin C and beta carotene. It can also be a good source of some mineral elements like iron, selenium, cobalt, copper, zinc and manganese. This can be important for families in rural areas and for the low-income households in both rural and urban areas as a source of nutrients.

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Chandradevan, Machap, Sanimah Simoh, Ahmed Mediani, Nor Hadiani Ismail, Intan Safinar Ismail, and Faridah Abas. "UHPLC-ESI-Orbitrap-MS Analysis of Biologically Active Extracts from Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr. and Cleome gynandra L. Leaves." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2020 (January 27, 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3238561.

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This study aimed to determine the total phenolic content, DPPH scavenging, α-glucosidase, and nitric oxide (NO) inhibition of Gynura procumbens and Cleome gynandra extracts obtained with five different ethanolic concentrations. The findings showed that the 100% ethanolic extract of G. procumbens had the highest phenolic content and the lowest IC50 values for DPPH scavenging and NO inhibition activity compared to the properties of the other extracts. For C. gynandra, the 20% and 100% ethanolic extracts had comparably high total phenolic contents, and the latter possessed the lowest IC50 value in the NO inhibition assay. In addition, the 20% ethanolic extract of C. gynandra had the lowest IC50 value in the DPPH scavenging assay. However, none of the extracts from either herb had the ability to inhibit α-glucosidase enzyme. Pearson correlation analysis indicated a strong relationship between the phenolic content and DPPH scavenging activity in both herb extracts. A moderately strong relationship was also observed between the phenolic content and NO inhibition in G. procumbens extracts and not in C. gynandra extracts. The UHPLC-ESI-Orbitrap-MS revealed major phenolics from the groups of hydroxycinnamic acids, hydroxybenzoic acids, and flavonoid derivatives from both herbs, which could be the key contributors to their bioactivities. Among the identified metabolites, 24 metabolites were tentatively assigned for the first time from both species of studied herbs. These two herbs could be recommended as prospective natural products with valuable medicinal properties.

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P., Karthikeyan A. V., and Sudan I. "GC-MS PROFILE OF IN VIVO AND IN VITRO SHOOTS OF CLEOME GYNANDRA L." International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 9, no. 10 (November 1, 2017): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i11.17351.

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Objective: Investigation of the bioactive compounds from the ethanol shoot extracts of in vivo and in vitro plants of Cleome gynandra (C. gynandra) through GC-MS analysis. Methods: The nodal explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations of 6-benzyl-aminopurine (BAP), kinetin-6-furfurylaminopurine (Kin) and indole 3 acetic acids (IAA) for shoot induction. In the present study, the phytochemical constituents were analyzed from the ethanol extract of in vivo and in vitro plants of C. gynandra using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The mass spectrum of the ethanol extract was compared with the available library sources.Results: In the present study, different concentrations of cytokinins and in the combination of IAA are used to develop regenerated shoots. The maximum number of shoots was obtained 9.2±0.41 with the length of 6.6 cm and highest frequency of (100%) shoot induction was observed on MS medium containing 10 μM BAP with 4 μM IAA. The GC-MS analysis revealed that the shoots of in vivo and in vitro plants contained 21phytochemicals, of these 3 components were similar in both in vivo and in vitro plants, 2 phytochemical's are repeated with different RT, 7 components are having biological activity and in the remaining 9 components, biological activities are not reported.Conclusion: The present study, the in vitro regeneration, combinations of hormones (10 μM BAP plus 4 μM IAA) tested showed the best result than individual and also revealed that the synthesis of more number of phytochemicals present in the ethanolic extracts of in vitro plants than the in vivo plants of C. gynandra.

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Assongba, Yédjanlognon Faustin, Jean Innocent Essou, Cossi Aristide Adomou, and M. G. Julien Djego. "Caractérisation morphologique de Cleome gynandra L. au Bénin." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 15, no. 1 (April 21, 2021): 185–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v15i1.16.

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Au Bénin des efforts scientifiques sont consentis pour la connaissance de la diversité végétale. Cleome gynandra L. (Caya blanc, Sabo en Adja, Akaya en Mahi et Semboué en Peulh) de la famille des Capparaceaes fait l'objet de cette étude à travers sa connaissance agromorphologique. La méthodologie utilisée passe par des observations et prélèvement dans la nature et jardins de case. Dix (10) pieds de la plante ont été collectés dans chaque zone climatique et un (1) pied dans le jardin botanique de l’Université d’Abomey-Calavi. En plus des observations sur la plante complète, il est procédé à l’achat des graines de C. gynandra. Des variables quantitatives (hauteur de la plante, nombre de fruits par pied, longueur et diamètre des fruits, celle des pédoncules, nombre de ramification) et variables qualitatives (couleur, pilosité de la tige, couleur des fruits et graines et forme des feuilles) ont été observées, mesurées et calculées. Le traitement des variables a été possible par usage du logiciel XLSTAT- pro Version 2008. 1.01. Les relations entre variables ont été étudiées grâce à la matrice de corrélation de Pearson (n). Une Analyse en Composante Principale (ACP), a permis de ressortir si des différences significatives à un taux de 0,05 existent entre les variétés pour les caractères étudiés. L'étude a mis en évidence une grande variabilité agromorphologique dans les trois zones climatiques du Bénin par des caractères discriminant. Des différences significatives ont été observées entre les variables des trois zones climatiques d'une part et entre les individus issus des jardins de case et ceux collectés dans la nature d'autre part. L’ACP a mis en évidence trois grands ensembles. La classification ascendante hiérarchisée montre (8) ensembles qui tiennent compte des similarités et les observations.Mots clés : Cleome gynandra L, Akaya, variété, caractères, légume feuille et République du Bénin. English Title: Morphological characterization of Cleome gynandra L. in Benin In Benin, scientific efforts are being made for knowledge of plant diversity. Cleome gynandra L. (White Caya, Sabo in Adja, Akaya in Mahi and Semboué in Peulh) of the family Capparaceae is the subject of this study through its agromorphological knowledge. The methodology used involves observations and sampling in the nature and house gardens. Ten (10) feet of the plant were collected in each climatic zone and one (1) foot in the botanical garden of the University of Abomey-Calavi. In addition to the observations on the whole plant, the seeds of C. gynandra are purchased. Quantitative variables (plant height, number of fruits per foot, fruit length and diameter, peduncles, number of branching) and qualitative variables (color, stem hair, fruit and seed color and leaf forms) were observed, measured and calculated. Variable processing was possible using the XLSTAT-pro Version 2008 software. 1.01. Relationships between variables were studied using the Pearson correlation matrix (n). A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed if significant differences at a rate of 0.05 exist between the varieties for the characters studied. The study revealed a large agromorphologicalvariability in the three climatic zones of Benin by discriminating characters. Significant differences were observed between the variables of the three climatic zones on the one hand and between the individuals from the house gardens and those collected in the wild on the other hand. The CPA has highlighted three major groups. The hierarchical ascending classification shows (8) sets that take into account similarities and observations.Keywords: Cleome gynandra L, Akaya, variety, characters, leaf vegetable and Republic of Benin.

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Carneiro, José Arthur Arcanjo, Natanael Costa Rebouças, Rayane de Tasso Moreira Ribeiro, Fernanda Melo Gomes, Roberta da Rocha Miranda, Raimundo Luciano Soares Neto, and Maria Iracema Bezerra Loiola. "Flora do Ceará, Brasil: Cleomaceae." Rodriguésia 69, no. 4 (December 2018): 1659–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201869413.

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Resumo Apresentamos um levantamento florístico de Cleomaceae no estado do Ceará, como parte do projeto "Flora do Ceará". O estudo baseou-se na análise dos caracteres morfológicos de espécimes depositados nos herbários EAC, HCDAL, HST, HUEFS, JPB, MOSS, R e UFRN, bibliografias especializadas, fotos de materiais-tipo, além de coletas e observações de campo. Foram registradas dez espécies pertencentes a cinco gêneros: Cleome (C. microcarpa), Gynandropsis (G. gynandra), Hemiscola (H. aculeata e H. diffusa), Physostemon (P. guianense, P. lanceolatum subsp. lanceolatum, P. rotundifolium e P. tenuifolium) e Tarenaya (T. spinosa e Tarenaya curvispina). Dentre estas, Tarenaya curvispina é uma nova espécie, e Gynandropsis gynandra e Physostemon tenuifolium representam duas novas ocorrências para o estado. Em território cearense, as espécies estão associadas a ambientes úmidos (floresta ombrófila densa) e secos (floresta estacional semidecidual de terras baixas, savana estépica e floresta estacional decidual).

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Gynandry"

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Masinde, Peter Wafula. "Effects of water stress on the growth of spiderplant (Gynandropsis gynandra (L.) Briq.) and African nightshade (Solanum spp.), two traditional leafy vegetables in Kenya." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=969348231.

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Reeves, Gregory. "Understanding the genetic basis of C4 photosynthesis through breeding." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2019. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/288350.

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Sowunmi, Linda Ifeanyichukwu. "Nutritional value and cultivation requirements of Cleome Gynandra: a wild vegetable growing in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/2600.

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South Africa has wide ranges of plants among which are leafy vegetables growing in the wild. These wild vegetables have been reported to have high nutritive and medicinal potentials. Yet, there is still high prevalence of malnutrition and micronutrients deficiencies among the low income bracket of the population. Effective utilization of wild vegetables has been proposed as part of the solutions to address the problem of dietary deficiencies among the populace. Their importance is mainly as relish to accompany and complement starch based diets. They are also known to serve as supplements for food which have the potential to improve the health status of its consumers in many rural communities. Cleome gynandra L. (Capparaceae) is one of the underutilized species mentioned during asurvey conducted in Nkonkobe municipality of the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. The plant is an erect annual herb with alternate, palmately compound leaves and its petals are white, pink or lilac. It grows as a weed in this part of the Province and is usually gathered from the wild for food and medicine. It is commonly found on wastes land, road sides and on grass lands. Therefore, this research work was designed to contribute to the possible domestication of this wild vegetable in order to explore the nutritive and therapeutic potentials which would broaden the food base in the Eastern Cape Province. The ultra-micromorphological features of plants have become an essential tool in proper identification and authentication of several plant species. In the light of this, the micromorphology of Cleome gynandra was examined to reveal the micro-morphological characters of the plantand to determine if micro and macro mineral elements are present using energy dispersive x-rays. The present study revealed the epidermal cells of the leaves to be asymmetric in shape with undulating cell walls having four subsidiary cells around the stomata. The leaves have anomocyctic stomata which are more distributed in the abaxial surface than the adaxial surface. The mean length and width of the guard cells in the abaxial surface are 0.09 ± 0.01 mm and 0.08 ± 0.01 mm respectively while that of adaxial surface are 0.1± 0.01 mm and 0.07 ± 0.01 mm respectively. The energy dispersive x-rays (EDXS) micro-analysis of the leaf revealed the presence of phosphorus, manganese, iron, calcium, sodium, magnesium, potassium and zinc as the major constituents of the crystal deposits present in the stomata pores and the mesophyll. C. gynandra was collected from the wild and analysed for its mineral and proximatecomposition using standard analytical methods. The plant showed high levels of sodium, iron, zinc, calcium and potassium while many other macro and micro minerals were moderately present. Amongst the proximate factors investigated, moisture content was found to be 82.1% while crude fibre and protein contents were 39.9 percent and 31.03 percent respectively. Vitamin C was also high (345.3 mg/100g). The anti-nutrients compositions revealed low concentrations of oxalate (7.4 ± 0.4) and phytate (0.6 ± 0.0) mg/100g. The study revealed high nutritive value of the species growing naturally from the wild. Interest in the phenolic compounds has greatly increased recently because these compounds have been implicated in suppressing the risk of degenerative diseases in humans. The pharmacological properties of plants may be related to their antioxidant capacities and hence there was need to investigate the antioxidant potential using aqueous, ethanolic and acetone extracts of different parts of C. gynandra. The quantities of phenols, flavonoids and flavonols were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in both aqueous and ethanol extracts of the leaf while the concentration of proanthocyanidins was higher in the aqueous stem extract compared to other plant parts. The aqueous extract of the different parts exhibited better ABTS, reducing power and NO radical scavenging abilities than ethanol extract.

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Sperling, Henrik Tobias [Verfasser], Gerhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Thiel, and Heribert [Akademischer Betreuer] Warzecha. "Die Rolle des Aquaporins CgPIP1;2 in der C4-Photosynthese von Cleome gynandra / Henrik Tobias Sperling. Betreuer: Gerhard Thiel ; Heribert Warzecha." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1110792867/34.

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Omondi, Emmanuel Gordon Otunga [Verfasser]. "Analysis of genetic diversity of two African leafy vegetables, spider plant (Cleome gynandra) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), reproductive characteristics and nutritional analysis of spider plant / Emmanuel Gordon Otunga Omondi." Hannover : Technische Informationsbibliothek (TIB), 2017. http://d-nb.info/1149833114/34.

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Omondi, Emmanuel [Verfasser]. "Analysis of genetic diversity of two African leafy vegetables, spider plant (Cleome gynandra) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), reproductive characteristics and nutritional analysis of spider plant / Emmanuel Gordon Otunga Omondi." Hannover : Technische Informationsbibliothek (TIB), 2017. http://d-nb.info/1149833114/34.

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Le, Corre Daisy. "Figures gynandres chez Catulle Mendès : Les Oiseaux bleus, Méphistophéla et Monstres parisiens." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20122.

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Ochuodho, Julius Onyango. "Physiological basis of seed germination in Cleome gynandra (L.)." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/4541.

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Dormancy characteristics and optimum conditions for germination of Cleome gynandra seeds have not been explained. Seed storage proteins were extracted, analysed with SDS-PAGE and sequenced. Seed proteins of Cleome were characterised by comparison with those of wild mustard (Brassica kaber). Wild mustard showed seed proteins composed of two α-chains of molecular weight (24-32 kDa) and another two β-chains of 18-22 kDa. The seed proteins of Cleome comprised two α-chain polypeptides of molecular weight (25-30 kDa), two β-chain polypeptides of molecular weight (18-20 kDa) and a smaller β-chain of 13-15 kDa. The storage proteins occurred in the seeds as dimeric complexes of molecular weight 40-65 kDa, which were broken into polypeptide chains of approximately 20 and 30 kDa by the reducing . action of DTT. Comparison with proteins in the proteome library and similarity index further confirmed that the seed proteins of Cleome had similarities with those of wild mustard. Two dimensional SDS-PAGE showed that the two species have nine similar polypeptides and four different ones. Events associated with dormancy release during seed germination still require explanation. Seeds of Cleome are characterised by low germination and there has been no explanation for this. Changes in protein expression during germination of Cleome in the presence or absence of light and at constant or alternating temperatures were examined. The germination of Cleome seeds at 20 degrees C was inhibited by light, but it was improved at 20 degrees C in darkness. There was no photoinhibition when seeds were germinated at constant 30 degrees C or alternating 20/30 degrees C (16 h night and 8 h day) for 10 days. Four proteins were observed to decrease in expression as germination progressed, but remained unchanged during photoinhibition. Photoinhibition was expressed more in seeds that were harvested late, after the pods had turned brown. These seeds showed a fifth, low molecular weight protein (13 kDa) that was absent from the immature seeds and embryos. Photinhibition is a pseudo-dormancy condition during which seed storage proteins are not utilised and the seed coat could partially play a role in it. The temperatures for the germination of Cleome in darkness have been determined. However, prior to this study the effects of temperature, light and pre-germination treatments (chilling, scarification, hydration and germination in the presence of KN0(3) or GA(3) on the germination of the seeds of this species have not been investigated. Seeds were germinated for 10 days and the final count of germination was used to determine seed performance. The highest germination percentage (60% and 80%, for a 2-year old and a l-year old seed lot, respectively) of untreated seeds was achieved when alternating temperatures of 20/30 degrees C (16 h/S h) in the dark or constant 30 degrees C in the dark were used. Among the pre-germination treatments, only scarification (puncturing of seeds at the radicle end) improved germination. Seeds were found to be negatively photoblastic, and the phenomenon was more pronounced when they were germinated at 20 degrees C and 12 h photoperiod or longer. Germination of photoinhibited seeds was, however, improved by treatment with GA(3) It is recommended that the germination of Cleome be undertaken under conditions of darkness and at either alternating 20/30 degrees C or continuous 30 degrees C. Seed lot vigour and seedling vigour are two important seed quality aspects that are used in defining the seed germination process. Seed germination is appropriately characterised by radicle protrusion and the attainment of normal seedling structures. However, the international rules for testing seeds combine radicle protrusion and normal seedling attainment in separating seed germination into the first and final counts. The challenge to a seed analyst testing the germination of a species whose first and final counts are unknown is that there is no statistical guideline to determine these important stages of seed germination. Cauliflower and broccoli, for which the first and final counts are published in the international rules for testing seeds and Cleome, for which there is no data on the first and final counts, were examined to determine the statistical significances of the first and final counts. Analysis of variance, logistic regression, 'broken-stick' regression models and survival analysis procedures were used. Analysis of variance showed that there were no differences between the germination percentages on the fourth, fifth and seventh days of germination. Low and stable standard deviations were recorded when evaluating germination after the fourth day. The germination curves of broccoli and cauliflower did not fit the Gompertz curve but fitted the exponential curve. The broken-stick model 'broke' the cumulative germination curve for the Cleome seed lots into two linear curves that were significantly different, but failed to break those for broccoli and cauliflower. However, this study confirmed the first and final counts for broccoli and cauliflower as determined by the international rules for testing seeds. Broken-stick modelling and life table analyses confirmed the fourth day as being appropriate to determine the first count for Cleome germination. There was no evidence of further seed germination after the seventh day as shown by probability density and hazard rate. It is suggested that for Cleome, the 'first count' and 'final count' be performed on the fourth and seventh day of the germination, respectively.
Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2005.

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9

Sperling, Henrik Tobias. "Die Rolle des Aquaporins CgPIP1;2 in der C4-Photosynthese von Cleome gynandra." Phd thesis, 2014. https://tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/4006/7/Endversion.pdf.

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Cleome gynandra PIP1;2 (CgPIP1;2) ist ein Aquaporin unbekannter Funktion. Im Vergleich zu C. spinosa ist die Expression von PIP1;2 nach Quantifizierung einer Roche 454-Sequenzierung auf Transkriptebene in C. gynandra 20-fach erhöht. Beide Cleome unterscheiden sich weiterhin in ihrem Photosynthesetyp. Die Aquaporine CgPIP1;2 und CsPIP1;2 sind bei einem Vergleich der Aminosäuresequenz homolog zu Arabidopsis thalinana (AthPIP1;2) der eine Rolle in der C3-Photosynthese spielt. In der Arbeit sollte eine Bestätigung der Photosynthesetypen von C. gynandra und C. spinosa sowie die Bestätigung der unterschiedlichen Expression von PIP1;2 in beiden Pflanzenarten geführt werden. Die physiologischen Reaktionen von C. gynandra und C. spinosa auf unterschiedliche Lichtintensitäten sowie auf unterschiedliche CO2-Konzentrationen bestätigt die morphologische und biochemische Einordnung der Photosynthesetypen beider Pflanzen. Merkmale wie die relativ höhere Assimilationsrate von C. gynandra bei höheren Lichtintensitäten und konstanter, ambienter CO2-Konzentration (390 ppm), die relativ höhere Assimilationsrate von C. gynandra bei konstanter, hoher Lichtintensität und niedriger CO2-Konzentration (im Bereich von 70 und 375 ppm) ebenso wie der signifikant niedrigere CO2-Kompensationspunkt (CCP), sowie vergleichbare Assimilationsraten bei hoher CO2-Konzentration (750 ppm) von C. gynandra und C. spinosa sprechen für eine Einordnung von C. gynandra als C4-Pflanze und C. spinosa als C3-Pflanze. Es konnte bestätigt werden, dass die mRNA Level des Aquaporins CgPIP1;2 - verglichen mit CsPIP1;2 in 8~Wochen alten Pflanzen - 10-fache erhöht ist. Durch Funktionsanalyse von CgPIP1;2 und CsPIP1;2 im heterologen Expressionsmodell Hefe sollte die mögliche Funktion von PIP1;2 in der C4-Photosynthese untersucht werden. Funktionelle Tests im heterologen Expressionsmodell Hefe zeigten, im Vergleich zu NtPIP2;1, keine Funktionalität von CgPIP1;2 und CsPIP1;2 bezüglich einer Wasserleitfähigkeit der Aquaporine. Es konnte aber eine Funktionalität von CgPIP1;2 und CsPIP1;2 vergleichbar mit NtAQP1 gezeigt werden. Damit liegt eine Rolle der Cleome Aquaporine in der Photosynthese nahe. Die unterschiedlich starke Expression, sowie die Funktionalität der Aquaporine bezüglich CO2 legen damit eine Rolle von CgPIP1;2 in der C4-Photosynthese nahe. Die mögliche Lokalisation in der Plasmamembran von Pflanzenzellen von CgPIP1;2 lässt eine Rolle des Aquaporins bei der primären Fixierung des CO2 durch die Phosphoenolpyruvatcarboxylase (PEPC) als möglich erscheinen. Die Verringerung der CO2-Leitfähigkeit der Mesophyllzellen könnte einer optimalen primären Fixierung des CO2 dienen. Mittels eines viralen System (Virus induced Gene Silencing, "VIGS") kann man die gezielten Herabregulierung von spezifischen Transkripten erreichen und die Auswirkung auf die Pflanzen in weiteren Experimenten untersuchen. Durch die Anwendung bioinformatischer Methoden können "Next Generation Sequencing" (NGS) Daten analysiert und zur Lösung spezifischer Probleme genutzt werden. So kann aus Sequenzierungsdaten ein Transkriptom erstellt und Sequenzen von Interesse identifiziert werden. Auf diese Weise wurde die Sequenz der "Phytoene Desaturase" (PDS) aus Cleome ermittelt, um als Kontrolle für ein VIGS in Cleome zu dienen. Danach erfolgte eine Untersuchung der Verwendbarkeit des "Tobacco Rattle Virus" (TRV) für das VIGS in C. gynandra. Die Verwendbarkeit des TRV bei einem VIGS-Experiment mit C. gynandra ist durch das Fehlen einer Ausbreitung der Viren in diesen Pflanzen jedoch unwahrscheinlich.

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Rabothata, Masia Rodney. "Interaction of Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza, nematode and phytonematicides on growth and nutritional content of Cleome gynandra." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1924.

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Thesis (M. Sc.(Agronomy)) -- University of Limpopo, 2017.
Cleome gynandra is increasingly becoming an important strategy for achieving food and nutrition security among rural households in many developing countries. Root-knot (Meloidogyne species) nematodes, with limited nematode management strategies, limit the successful production of this vegetable crop. Nemafric-BL and Nemarioc-AL phytonematicides are separately being developed in South Africa for sustainable crop production systems. However, the two products have not been simultaneously tested for managing the notorious Meloidogyne species and absorption of phosphorus, with a combination of Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhiza (VAM). The objective of this study therefore was to determine the interactive effects of VAM and each of the two phytonematicides on nutrient content, growth of C. gynandra. A 2 × 2 × 2 factorial experiment, with the first, second and third factors being VAM (V), nematode (N) and Nemafric-BL phytonematicide (P). The eight treatments included (1) untreated control (V0N0P0), (2) nematodes alone (V0N1P0), (3) VAM alone (V1N0P0) (4) Nemarioc-AL phytonematicide alone (V0N0P1), (5) V1N1P0, (6) V0N1P1, (7) V1N0P1 and (8) V1N1P1, were laid out in a randomised complete block design, with ten replications. The same layout experiment was done for the Nemarioc-AL phytonematicide trial which had a similar layout. Seedlings were irrigated with 250 ml chloride-free tapwater every other day for 56 days. Multifeed and NPK (2:3:2(22) fertilisers were applied at transplanting. The second order interaction (V1N1P1), was highly significant (P ≤ 0.01) for plant height contributing 54% in TTV (Total Treatment Variation) of the variable. Among the main factors (N, P and V), only nematode had highly significant effects on stem diameter. All interactions of VAM, nematode and Nemarioc-AL phytonematicide and main factors each had no significant effect on Cleome. The second order (V1N1P1) and the first order interaction (V1N1P1) did not have significant effects on the three nutrient elements except for the first order interaction (V1N0P1) which was significant on foliar Zn contributing 42% in TTV of the variable. Also nematode had highly significant effect on foliar K and significant effect on foliar Zn contributing 49 and 31% in TTV of the respective variables. Using the two-way table, VAM and Nemafric-BL phytonematicide each increased foliar Zn by 27% and 29%, respectively. The second and first order interactions of VAM, N and Nemarioc-AL phytonematicide and the main factors did not have significant effect on foliar K, Fe and Zn. The second order interaction of VAM, nematode and Nemafric-BL phytonematicide had significant effects on gall rating, contributing 2% in TTV of the variable. VAM, nematode and Nemarioc-AL phytonematicide showed that the second and first order interaction except for V1N0P1 interaction on gall rating, were not significant for nematode variables. The V1N0P1 interaction contributed 20% in TTV of gall rating. Using a two-way table, VAM and phytonematicide each increased root galls by 7% and 74%, respectively. Combined, VAM and phytonematicide reduced root galls by 64%. The innovative products interacted together and that Nemafric-BL and Nemarioc-AL phytonematicides and VAM alone could be used in managing nematodes.
National Research Foundation, Agricultural Research Council-Universities Collaboration Centre

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Books on the topic "Gynandry"

1

Institute, International Plant Genetic Resources, James A. Chweya, and Nameus A. Mnzava. Cat's Whiskers - Cleome Gynandra L. International Plant Genetics Research Institute, 1997.

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Péladan, Joséphin. La décadance latine. éthopée: Roman 9. La Gynandre. Adamant Media Corporation, 2001.

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Waithaka, Kimani, and J. D. Chweya. Gynandropsis Gynandra (L.) Briq. - a Tropical Leafy Vegetable (FAO Plant Production and Protection Papers). Food & Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Gynandry"

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Sastry, K. Subramanya, Bikash Mandal, John Hammond, S. W. Scott, and R. W. Briddon. "Cleome gynandra (Cat’s whiskers)." In Encyclopedia of Plant Viruses and Viroids, 593–95. New Delhi: Springer India, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-3912-3_223.

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Khare, C. P. "Gynandropsis gynandra (Linn.) Briq." In Indian Medicinal Plants, 1. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-70638-2_721.

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Wilton, Tamsin. "Haunted by the Gynander: Disruptive Genders." In Sexual (Dis)Orientation, 100–125. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230506213_6.

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Bussmann, Rainer W., Narel Y. Paniagua-Zambrana, and Grace N. Njoroge. "Capparis tomentosa Lam. Capparidaceae Gynandropsis gynandra (L.) Briq. Cleomaceae." In Ethnobotany of the Mountain Regions of Africa, 1–10. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77086-4_33-1.

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Bussmann, Rainer W., Narel Y. Paniagua-Zambrana, and Grace N. Njoroge. "Capparis tomentosa Lam. Capparidaceae Gynandropsis gynandra (L.) Briq. Cleomaceae." In Ethnobotany of the Mountain Regions of Africa, 251–60. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38386-2_33.

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Shanmuganathan, T., and A. V. P. Karthikeyan. "Evaluation of Anti-diabetic Activity of Cleome gynandra in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Wistar Albino Rats." In Phytomedicine, 179–82. First edition. | Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, 2020.: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003014898-18.

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Sander, Klaus. "True alternatives: Boveri and Morgan arguing about the origins of honeybee gynanders." In Landmarks in Developmental Biology 1883–1924, 53–55. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60492-8_18.

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Sander, K. "Lessons from a queen’s lost offspring—Theodor Boveri on honeybee gynanders and other genetic mosaics." In Landmarks in Developmental Biology 1883–1924, 50–52. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60492-8_17.

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"Gynandry." In Encyclopedia of Parasitology, 1191. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-43978-4_1350.

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"Femininity in Flight: Androgyny and Gynandry in Early Silent Italian Cinema." In A Feminist Reader in Early Cinema, 444–75. Duke University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780822383840-018.

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Conference papers on the topic "Gynandry"

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"Effects of Cooking and Drying on the Total Phenolic, Total Flavonoid Content, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Cleome gynandra (Spider Plant)." In International Conference on Advances in Science, Engineering, Technology and Natural Resources. International Academy of Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.15242/iae.iae1116433.

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