Journal articles: 'Gypsy family'

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Tabaković-Tošić, Mara. "Gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.), and its natural enemies in the forests of Central Serbia." Sustainable Forestry: Collection, no. 65-66 (2012): 133–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/sustfor1265133t.

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In central Serbia, a total of 88 species which are natural enemies of the gypsy moth, i.e. 23 predators, 49 parasitoid insects and 10 saprophagous insects, and 6 pathogens, has been reported. The most abundant of them are the insects which attack the gypsy moth in the larval instar (41 species). Regarding the number of the species, the representatives of the Hymenoptera (14 species from Ichneumonidae family and 11 species from Braconidae family) and Diptera orders (12 species from Tachinidae family and 8 species from Sarcophagidae family) are most frequent. Regarding the predators of the gypsy moth, Carabidae family, from Coleoptera order, is most frequent. In addition, at some sites Lymantria dispar nucleopolyhedrosis virus and Entomophaga maimaiga had the dominant role in the reduction of the gypsy moth density.

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Convery, Ian, and Vincent O'Brien. "Gypsy-Traveller narratives: Making sense of place." Narrative Inquiry 22, no. 2 (December 31, 2012): 332–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ni.22.2.07con.

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Using a co-ethnographic approach to focus on one person’s story, we explore how a sense of place may be evident in self constructed Gypsy-Traveller identity and narrative. Mary’s recounting of her experiences of living and growing up in the Caldewgate district of Carlisle (UK) illustrates the place of family relations as a key element of Gypsy-Traveller self identity and suggests, we believe, the centrality of family and internal relationships as a strong feature in the construction of personal notions and narratives of place for Gypsy-Traveller people.

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Crowe, D. M. "Shared Sorrows: A Gypsy Family Remembers the Holocaust." Holocaust and Genocide Studies 18, no. 2 (September 1, 2004): 296–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hgs/18.2.296-a.

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Cañizares, J., M. Grau, N. Paricio, and MD Moltó. "Tirant is a new member of the gypsy family of retrotransposons in Drosophila melanogaster." Genome 43, no. 1 (February 1, 2000): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g99-082.

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In this paper, we propose a consensus sequence for a putative complete Tirant retrotransposon. Several defective copies, as well as relevant sequences available in databases have been analyzed. The putative complete Tirant element is 8533 bp long, and presents all the structural features of a retroviruslike transposable element of the gypsy family. It contains three ORFs (open reading frames) that encode putative products resembling the retroviral Gag, Pol, and Env proteins. Southern blot analyses show that complete and defective Tirant elements are widespread in Drosophila melanogaster. The different hybridization patterns observed in several natural populations of this species suggest that Tirant is an active element. Key words: Drosophila, LTR-retrotransposon, gypsy, retrovirus, envelope protein, phylogeny.

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Keegan, Richard M., Lillian R. Talbot, Yung-Heng Chang, Michael J. Metzger, and Josh Dubnau. "Intercellular viral spread and intracellular transposition of Drosophila gypsy." PLOS Genetics 17, no. 4 (April 22, 2021): e1009535. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1009535.

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It has become increasingly clear that retrotransposons (RTEs) are more widely expressed in somatic tissues than previously appreciated. RTE expression has been implicated in a myriad of biological processes ranging from normal development and aging, to age related diseases such as cancer and neurodegeneration. Long Terminal Repeat (LTR)-RTEs are evolutionary ancestors to, and share many features with, exogenous retroviruses. In fact, many organisms contain endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) derived from exogenous retroviruses that integrated into the germ line. These ERVs are inherited in Mendelian fashion like RTEs, and some retain the ability to transmit between cells like viruses, while others develop the ability to act as RTEs. The process of evolutionary transition between LTR-RTE and retroviruses is thought to involve multiple steps by which the element loses or gains the ability to transmit copies between cells versus the ability to replicate intracellularly. But, typically, these two modes of transmission are incompatible because they require assembly in different sub-cellular compartments. Like murine IAP/IAP-E elements, the gypsy family of retroelements in arthropods appear to sit along this evolutionary transition. Indeed, there is some evidence that gypsy may exhibit retroviral properties. Given that gypsy elements have been found to actively mobilize in neurons and glial cells during normal aging and in models of neurodegeneration, this raises the question of whether gypsy replication in somatic cells occurs via intracellular retrotransposition, intercellular viral spread, or some combination of the two. These modes of replication in somatic tissues would have quite different biological implications. Here, we demonstrate that Drosophila gypsy is capable of both cell-associated and cell-free viral transmission between cultured S2 cells of somatic origin. Further, we demonstrate that the ability of gypsy to move between cells is dependent upon a functional copy of its viral envelope protein. This argues that the gypsy element has transitioned from an RTE into a functional endogenous retrovirus with the acquisition of its envelope gene. On the other hand, we also find that intracellular retrotransposition of the same genomic copy of gypsy can occur in the absence of the Env protein. Thus, gypsy exhibits both intracellular retrotransposition and intercellular viral transmission as modes of replicating its genome.

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Paris, S., and J. P. Latgé. "Afut2, a new family of degenerate gypsy-like retrotransposon fromAspergillus fumigatus." Medical Mycology 39, no. 2 (January 2001): 195–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/mmy.39.2.195.198.

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Brandt, J., A. M. Veith, and J. N. Volff. "A family of neofunctionalized Ty3/gypsy retrotransposon genes in mammalian genomes." Cytogenetic and Genome Research 110, no. 1-4 (2005): 307–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000084963.

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Angelicheva, Dora, Ivailo Tournev, Velina Guergueltcheva, Violeta Mihaylova, Dimitar N. Azmanov, Bharti Morar, Melania Radionova, et al. "Partial epilepsy syndrome in a Gypsy family linked to 5q31.3-q32." Epilepsia 50, no. 7 (July 2009): 1679–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2009.02066.x.

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Güllü, İsmail, and Kerim Yıldırım. "Alt kültür gruplarında suç ve toplumsallaşma ilişkisi: Karaman Çingeneleri örneği." BORDER CROSSING 6, no. 1 (April 14, 2016): 46–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/bc.v6i1.507.

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English Title:Crime and socialisation dynamics in sub-cultures: Case of Gypsies in KaramanAbstractIn this study, the relationship between crime and the socialization process in Gypsy subculture is examined. This is is a qualitative study analysing the relationship between crime and the socialization process among Gypsies in different parts of Karaman between the years 2014-2015, especially the “Yeni” neighborhood known as Abdali district. In-depth interviews helped us to group Gypsy families into four different family types. It can be said that during unique socialization process of Gypsy subculture, Gypsy individuals’ attitudes to crime is shaped in the context of its unique dynamics through their families, relatives and friends. Unlike other social groups, the Gypsy subculture allows forming a habitus conducive to be involved in crime. Although they have common social characteristics with Gypsies living in different parts of Turkey, Gypsies in Karaman have a distinctive lifestyle and habitus due to their unique socialization process.Keywords: Gypsy; crime; culture; religion; socialization ÖzetBu çalışmada Çingene alt kültürü içerisindeki toplumsallaşma sürecinin suç ile ilişkisi incelenmektedir. Nitel bir çalışma olarak tasarlanan bu çalışma 2014-2015 yılları arasında Karaman’ın Abdal Mahallesi olarak bilinen Yeni Mahalle başta olmak üzere farklı bölgelerinde yaşayan Çingenelerin toplumsallaşma süreçleri içerisinde suç ile ilişkilerini sosyolojik olarak analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada Çingene aileleri karakteristik özelliklerine göre dört farklı aile tipi şeklinde sınıflandırılmıştır. Araştırmada Çingene alt kültürünün kendine özgü toplumsallaşma süreçleri içinde Çingene bireylerin suç ile ilişkilerinin onların aile, akraba ve arkadaş çevresi ile ilişkileri bağlamında kendine özgü dinamikleri içinde şekillendiği görülmektedir. Diğer toplumsal kesimlerden farklı olarak Çingene alt kültürü kendi içinde suçun üretilmesini sağlayan bir habitusun oluşmasına imkan vermektedir. Karaman’daki Çingeneler, Türkiye’nin farklı bölgelerinde yaşayan Çingeneler ile ortak toplumsal özellikler göstermekle birlikte burada geçirilen toplumsallaşma süreçleri içinde kendine özgü bir yaşam tarzı ve habitus üretmektedir.

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Llorens, Carlos, Beatriz Soriano, and Mart Krupovic. "ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Metaviridae." Journal of General Virology 101, no. 11 (November 1, 2020): 1131–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.001509.

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Metaviridae is a family of retrotransposons and reverse-transcribing viruses with long terminal repeats belonging to the order Ortervirales. Members of the genera Errantivirus and Metavirus include, respectively, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ty3 virus and its Gypsy-like relatives in drosophilids. This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the family Metaviridae, which is available at ictv.global/report/metaviridae.

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Sanz-Alferez, Soledad, Phillip SanMiguel, Young-Kwan Jin, Patricia S. Springer, and Jeffrey L. Bennetzen. "Structure and evolution of the Cinful retrotransposon family of maize." Genome 46, no. 5 (October 1, 2003): 745–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g03-061.

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A maize cDNA clone was isolated by virtue of its intense hybridization to total maize genomic DNA, indicating homology to highly repetitive sequences. Genomic homologues were identified and subcloned from an adh1-bearing maize yeast artificial chromosome (YAC). Sequencing revealed that the expressed sequence was part of a Ty3-gypsy-type retrotransposon. We discovered and sequenced two complete retrotransposons of this family, and named them Cinful elements because they are members of a family of maize retrotransposons including Zeon-1 and the first plant transposable element sequenced, the solo long terminal repeat (LTR) called Cin1. All are defective, as Cinful-1 and Cinful-2 elements lack gag and Zeon-1 lacks pol homology. Despite the apparent lack of an intact "autonomous" element, the Cinful family has expanded to a copy number of about 18 000, representing just under 9% of the maize genome. Both point mutations and major rearrangements, including possible gene acquisition, differentiate members of the Cinful family. Cinful family members were found to have an unusual feature that we also observed in two other Ty3-class retrotransposons of teosinte and tobacco: related tandem repeats that separate their internal domains with a gag- or pol-containing homology from a 3' segment of unknown function. The conserved and variable features identified provide insights into the origin, mutational history, and functional components of this major constituent of the maize genome.Key words: Cin1, genome evolution, sequence divergence, Ty3-gypsy elements, Zeon-1.

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Óhidy, Andrea. "Positive Impact of Teacher Activities on the Educational Career of Roma and Gypsy Women in Hungary." Labor et Educatio 8 (2020): 245–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/25439561le.20.014.13005.

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Roma and Gypsy women in Europe suffer from multiple deprivation (Council of the European Union 2011): Firstly, a large part of Roma and Gypsy people live in poverty. Secondly, their different cultural/ethnic traditions often lead to discrimination in school education. Thirdly, they also have disadvantages through the gender aspect, because the traditional Roma/Gypsy culture defines the place of women to be at home with the family and an educational career is not necessary for that (l. Forray, Hegedűs 2003; Durst 2015). That is why Roma and Gypsy women are often called the “minority of the minority” (Vincze 2010: 195). Despite of this multiple deprivation, Roma and Gypsy women are (not only in Hungary) more and more successful in the education system (Forray; Hegedűs 1991) and they increasingly take part in the political life as well (Bak., T.th 2008; K.cz. 2010). The research study focuses on Roma and Gypsy women who have come from a background of multiple deprivation but managed to achieve successful educational careers (defined by their university degree). To answer the research question “Which factors are regarded as beneficial for success in education from the perspective of Roma and Gypsy women?”, we chose the method of biographical narrative interviews. Additionally, we analysed statistical and empirical studies and used expert interviews as well. The aim of the research was to learn about the subjective theories of the interviewed women. The selection of the respondents was done through the snowball-system. The analysis of the interviews was based on the methodology of Fritz Schütze (Schütze 1983). The underclass theory of William Julius Wilson (Wilson, 1978; 1987) adapted by Iv.n Szel.nyi and J.nos Lad.nyi for the Hungarian situation (Lad.nyi; Szel.nyi, 2004) and the theory of Helmut Fend about the functions of the school in society (Fend, 1980; 2003) served as the theoretical framework for this study. For the interpretation we used the categorisation of factors for school success of Hungarian Roma and Gypsy women from Katalin Forray R. and Andr.s Hegedűs T. (Hegedűs, 1996; Forray, Hegedűs, 2003). The study shows that all interviewed women had a very strong learning motivation and were ready to have conflicts with the traditional female role model. Their parents and teachers played mostly a very positive role in this success, but the most important factor was their individual learning motivation.

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Trogu, Adriana, Mariangela Zanetti, Cristina Bergonzoni, Stefano Stilli, Marcello Villanova, Patrizia Sabatelli, Peter Yanakiev, Luba Kalaydjieva, and Luciano Merlini. "Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy-Lom (HMSNL) in an Italian gypsy family." Neuromuscular Disorders 7, no. 6-7 (September 1997): 467. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0960-8966(97)87323-3.

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Merlini, L., M. Villanova, P. Sabatelli, A. Trogu, A. Malandrini, P. Yanakiev, N. M. Maraldi, and L. Kalaydjieva. "Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy Lom type in an Italian Gypsy family." Neuromuscular Disorders 8, no. 3-4 (May 1998): 182–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0960-8966(98)00023-6.

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Zuk, Gerald H., and Carmen V. Zuk. "Carmen Amaya: Gypsy Princess, Flamenco Dancer, and the Role of the Family." Contemporary Family Therapy 29, no. 1-2 (May 3, 2007): 99–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10591-007-9028-0.

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Paris, S., and J. P. Latgé. "Afut2, a new family of degenerate gypsy-like retrotransposon from Aspergillus fumigatus." Medical Mycology 39, no. 2 (April 1, 2001): 195–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/714031021.

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Campagnoli, Monica, Štefan Rosipal, Marianna Debreová, Rastislav Rosipal, Alberto Sala, Assunta Romano, Sara Labò, Monica Galliano, and Lorenzo Minchiotti. "Analbuminemia in a Slovak Romany (gypsy) family: Case report and mutational analysis." Clinica Chimica Acta 365, no. 1-2 (March 2006): 188–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2005.08.016.

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Chernykh, Aleksandr V. "The Kalderash Gypsies of Russia in Industrial Cooperation of the 1920s–1930s." Social Inclusion 8, no. 2 (June 4, 2020): 358–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v8i2.2765.

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At the end of the 1920s and the beginning of the 1930s, in line with the state economic policy of the time, which was aimed at industrialisation and cooperativisation, and also as part of the implementation of measures to promote a settled way of life for nomadic Gypsies, the Kalderash Gypsies became actively involved within cooperatives and started establishing artels (Gypsy production cooperatives). This article analyses the issue of Gypsy artels, their manufacturing activities, the reasons why they flourished, their decline and their subsequent repression. The study is based on documents from the central and regional archives of the Russian Federation. The historical experience of that period was especially important for the Kalderash community—the establishing of artels helped them to adapt to the emerging economic reality of Soviet society. Indeed, during the following decades artel cooperative associations remained the main form of production and economic interaction with enterprises and organisations. As such, artels existed until the 1980s and then continued to exist within the new economic conditions of the post-Soviet period. Later on, the state never provided special support towards the creation of the Gypsy production associations and took more severe measures to implement its policy. The experience of these cooperatives has also remained a vibrant part of historic tales and been firmly instilled in family oral histories. The historical experience of that period is therefore important for understanding and building a modern policy towards the Gypsy population and solving their social and economic issues.

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Phillips, Coretta. "The trouble with culture: A speculative account of the role of gypsy/traveller cultures in ‘doorstep fraud’." Theoretical Criminology 23, no. 3 (October 3, 2017): 333–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362480617733725.

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This article makes the case for the empirical study of the causative role of culture and ethnicity in offending and criminality. It advocates considering that racist subordination and structural exclusion may produce adaptive cultural practices which in turn contribute to negative outcomes such as crime. This article tentatively uses a case study of ‘doorstep fraud’, commonly associated with Gypsy/Traveller ‘rogue traders’ and ‘cowboy builders’ to engage with this idea. Drawing on conceptual and theoretical developments in anthropology, sociology and criminology, and using data from offender interviews with ‘doorstep fraudsters’, I examine the opportunities provided by nomadism and family self-employment for crime commission. The article speculates that Gypsy/Travellers’ cultures, structurally framed by economic insecurity, political marginalization and hostile social relations with sedentarist society are nonetheless dynamic rather than fixed, often sharing the aspirations and motivations of other ethno-cultural groups.

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Kalisz, Katarzyna. "Spuścizna audiowizualna Jerzego Ficowskiego w zasobie Narodowego Archiwum Cyfrowego." Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia Historicolitteraria 16 (December 12, 2017): 263–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/20811853.16.20.

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Audio-visual legacy of Jerzy Ficowski found in the National Digital Archives The National Digital Archives stores the audio-visual contents of Jerzy Ficowski’s legacy – photos, audio recordings, and films. The most numerous type of data found there are photographs. Many of the photos are representative of Ficowski’s research interests. There are Gypsy photos (especially those taken by him while traveling in Gypsy caravans), Judaica, photos regarding Witold Wojtkiewicz and Bruno Schultz (particularly those taken by Jerzy Ficowski during his stay at Drohobych), photos taken by Ficowski as illustrations for „Karty z raptularza”, portraits and photos of Jerzy Ficowski himself and of his family. As far as audio recordings are considered, there are private records, monologues, radio interviews, Judaica, and recordings of poetry readings. Another important preserved form of Ficowski’s legacy are films of his family, recorded between 1930 and 1936, records of performances, klezmer concerts, poetry readings, video relation of the ceremony of awarding him with the “Man of Borderland” title, and drafts for film of Paweł Woldan “Amulety i definicje” (1998).Key words: audio-visual legacy; legacy; photography; film; audio recordings; Cyganiana; Karty z raptularza; Amulety i definicje;

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Lynch, Henry T., Robert Leibowitz, Thomas Smyrk, Ramon M. Fusaro, Jane F. Lynch, Anne Smith, Barbara Franklin, Alessandro Stella, and Bo Liu. "Colorectal Cancer and The Muir-Torre Syndrome in A Gypsy Family: A Review." American Journal of Gastroenterology 94, no. 3 (March 1999): 575–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.1999.00918.x.

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Kejnovsky, Eduard, Zdenek Kubat, Jiri Macas, Roman Hobza, Jaroslav Mracek, and Boris Vyskot. "Retand: a novel family of gypsy-like retrotransposons harboring an amplified tandem repeat." Molecular Genetics and Genomics 276, no. 3 (July 7, 2006): 254–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00438-006-0140-x.

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Leonardis, L., J. Zidar, M. Popovič, V. Timmerman, A. Löfgren, C. Van Broeckhoven, and D. Butinar. "Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy associated with auditory neuropathy in a Gypsy family." Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology 439, S1 (January 2000): r208—r210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004240000148.

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Leonardis, L., J. Zidar, M. Popovič, V. Timmerman, A. Löfgren, C. Van Broeckhoven, and D. Butinar. "Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy associated with auditory neuropathy in a Gypsy family." Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology 439, no. 7 (July 2000): R208—R210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03376574.

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Langdon, Tim, Charlotte Seago, Michael Mende, Michael Leggett, Huw Thomas, John W. Forster, Howard Thomas, R. Neil Jones, and Glyn Jenkins. "Retrotransposon Evolution in Diverse Plant Genomes." Genetics 156, no. 1 (September 1, 2000): 313–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/156.1.313.

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Abstract Retrotransposon or retrotransposon-like sequences have been reported to be conserved components of cereal centromeres. Here we show that the published sequences are derived from a single conventional Ty3-gypsy family or a nonautonomous derivative. Both autonomous and nonautonomous elements are likely to have colonized Poaceae centromeres at the time of a common ancestor but have been maintained since by active retrotransposition. The retrotransposon family is also present at a lower copy number in the Arabidopsis genome, where it shows less pronounced localization. The history of the family in the two types of genome provides an interesting contrast between “boom and bust” and persistent evolutionary patterns.

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Roberts Reilly, Frances. "Who Was John Sampson Really Protecting?" Critical Romani Studies 3, no. 2 (June 24, 2021): 132–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.29098/crs.v3i2.90.

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Begun in 1888, the Gypsy Lore Society (GLS) set out to describe and preserve Welsh Kale Romani customs, culture and language. Leaders in this effort were John Sampson, Francis Hindes Groome and Dora Yates, among others who took on the role of ethnographers, anthropologists and linguists. This paper raises the question, “Who Was John Sampson Really Protecting?” It is answered through an extensive examination of documented sources: birth records, census records, newspaper articles, Gypsy Lore Society Journals, academics on racism, and modern-day ethnography and anthropological practices. As well as family history; the archived memory of a Wood family member. It is premised on these facts – that John Sampson’s ethics, methods and emotional investment ignores the context and inhumane impact of his study, namely the everyday lives and voices of his subject matter. His goal was heavily influenced by the works of Charles Darwin and intellectualbaggage of the history of the world seen through British eyes; simply as a straight line from cultures to possess the deep roots of civilization itself. The purer and more hidden the better. The method used by John Sampson was to capture as much of the Welsh Kale culture and language by embedding himself in one family – the Wood family who he proclaimed spoke the “pure” Romanus language of the Abram Wood tribe of North Wales. His published work on this is The Dialect of the Gypsies of Wales: Being the Older Form of British Romani Preserved in the Speech of the Clan of Abram Wood” (1926). Against this intellectual stronghold fortressed inside a racially superior monolith, the story of Edward Wood, John Roberts and their extended family is told. Ethically however, his project also raises serious questions about the dichotomy of singling out the Wood family from others who also spoke Welsh Kale Romanus but were excluded from John Sampson’s studies. He and the GLS recast the Wood family in romantic Victorian terms to use as props with which to stage their inventions in widely published articles to a gullible audience. In this paper, the moral position taken is one of noncompliance with the Romanized recasting and politicizing of the “Pure” Gypsy that local authorities used as policy to rationalize the separation of families and force them into housing right up to the 1970s. What is called today, “Scientific Racism”. Concluding with the ways we are dealing with the intergenerational trauma and the collateral damage done to these Welsh Kale families. Asserting, our own voices and legacy have earned us a rightful place in the wider collective as we commit to standing together in our ethnicity, diversity, and authenticity with all Roma.

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Azmanov, Dimitar N., Sashka Zhelyazkova, Petya S. Dimova, Melania Radionova, Veneta Bojinova, Laura Florez, Shelagh J. Smith, et al. "Mosaicism of a missense SCN1A mutation and Dravet syndrome in a Roma/Gypsy family." Epileptic Disorders 12, no. 2 (June 2010): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1684/epd.2010.0311.

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Yardi, N., and R. Yardi. "Unusual presentation of turkish variant of neuronal ceroid lipofucsinosis in gypsy family in India." Journal of the Neurological Sciences 405 (October 2019): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2019.10.1709.

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Ellis, Nicola, Ellie Walker-Todd, and Catherine Heffernan. "Influences on childhood immunisation decision-making in London's Gypsy and Traveller communities." British Journal of Nursing 29, no. 14 (July 23, 2020): 822–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2020.29.14.822.

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Aims: Uptake of childhood immunisations is lower among Gypsy, Roma and Traveller (GRT) communities than in the general UK population. This small-scale study aimed to elicit insights from GRT mothers on their interaction with health services in London around childhood immunisations. The purpose was to inform a larger piece of work by the NHS England and Improvement (London) Public Health Commissioning Team to inform their planning to improve access to vaccination services for GRT communities in London. Study design: An exploratory qualitative study using semi-structured interviews and a focus group. Methods: There was purposive sampling of mothers from any GRT background from south-west London using snowballing methods. One focus group and three interviews were conducted. A thematic analysis approach was used. Results: A total of nine women were recruited and seven participated between March and April 2018. Five themes were identified: adherence with antenatal care, self-declared parenting expertise, family support, childhood immunisations, keep children healthy but ‘they say wait on the MMR until they are talking’. Conclusion: Compliance with antenatal care, strong parenting beliefs and cohesive family support are strong influences on decision-making regarding immunisations. The women interviewed emphasised their own expertise in child rearing. This was occasionally at odds with the health advice provided by health professionals. The women widely shared their experiences of health professionals with other family and community members and this impacted on others' intention to vaccinate. These are key issues that should be considered when trying to improve uptake of immunisations in GRT families in a face-to-face manner. Equally, it warrants further exploration in a larger-scale study to see whether this reflects the wider community and in order to tailor supplementary immunisation activities to improve uptake.

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Rollins, Robert A., Patrick Morcillo, and Dale Dorsett. "Nipped-B, a Drosophila Homologue of Chromosomal Adherins, Participates in Activation by Remote Enhancers in the cut and Ultrabithorax Genes." Genetics 152, no. 2 (June 1, 1999): 577–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/152.2.577.

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Abstract How enhancers are able to activate promoters located several kilobases away is unknown. Activation by the wing margin enhancer in the cut gene, located 85 kb from the promoter, requires several genes that participate in the Notch receptor pathway in the wing margin, including scalloped, vestigial, mastermind, Chip, and the Nipped locus. Here we show that Nipped mutations disrupt one or more of four essential complementation groups: l(2)41Ae, l(2)41Af, Nipped-A, and Nipped-B. Heterozygous Nipped mutations modify Notch mutant phenotypes in the wing margin and other tissues, and magnify the effects that mutations in the cis regulatory region of cut have on cut expression. Nipped-A and l(2)41Af mutations further diminish activation by a wing margin enhancer partly impaired by a small deletion. In contrast, Nipped-B mutations do not diminish activation by the impaired enhancer, but increase the inhibitory effect of a gypsy transposon insertion between the enhancer and promoter. Nipped-B mutations also magnify the effect of a gypsy insertion in the Ultrabithorax gene. Gypsy binds the Suppressor of Hairy-wing insulator protein [Su(Hw)] that blocks enhancer-promoter communication. Increased insulation by Su(Hw) in Nipped-B mutants suggests that Nipped-B products structurally facilitate enhancer-promoter communication. Compatible with this idea, Nipped-B protein is homologous to a family of chromosomal adherins with broad roles in sister chromatid cohesion, chromosome condensation, and DNA repair.

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Sarri, V., M. Ceccarelli, and P. G. Cionini. "Quantitative evolution of transposable and satellite DNA sequences in Picea species." Genome 54, no. 5 (May 2011): 431–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g11-007.

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Clones containing tandemly arranged repeats belonging to two distinct sequence families, (i) PAG004P22F (2F) and PAG004E03C (3C) or (ii) Ty3/gypsy- (8R; PAG004B08R) and Ty1/copia-like sequences (9R; PAG007F19R), were selected from a randomly sheared total genomic DNA library of Picea abies . The inserts were used as probes in dot-blot hybridizations to genomic DNA of P. abies, Picea orientalis , Picea pungens , and Picea pungens var. glauca. All these entities are diploid and share the same chromosome number (2n = 24), but the genome sizes differ largely. The redundancy (copy number per 1C DNA) of sequences related to each probe varied greatly between the genomes. No significant correlation was found between the genome size and the copy number of sequences in any family. The quantitative ratios varied greatly (in each genome) between the two families of satellite DNA, between the sequences that represented copia or gypsy retrotransposons, and between tandemly arranged sequences and retroelements as a whole, suggesting that there is no common factor that controls the quantitative evolution of repeats belonging to different sequence families during speciation in Picea.

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Farget, Doris. "Defining Roma Identity in the European Court of Human Rights." International Journal on Minority and Group Rights 19, no. 3 (2012): 291–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718115-01903002.

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This article is an evaluation based on a selection of the European Court of Human Rights’ case law concerning Roma people, namely the three main decisions dealing with the right to a Gypsy way of life. In those cases, the Court interpreted the right to respect for private and family life as giving rise to a ‘positive obligation to facilitate the Gypsy way of life’. This obligation involves a definition of Roma identity and reveals that the Court’s position, founded on specific perceptions of Romanity is restrictive, distorted and stereotyped. Indeed, regarding this European legal protection, I wonder whether the legal conception of Roma identity conveyed by the Court is relevant, since it does not always accord with sociological or anthropological studies on that topic, taking into account a constructivist approach of identity, nor with the description of a wide range of members of that people. First, this article aims at underlying which stereotypes dealing with Roma identity are involved in the Court’s discourse. Second, it shows how these ‘manipulated conceptions’ are fed by the arguments of Roma applicants and those of the respondent State.

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BAE, YOUNG-AN. "Evolutionary characterization of Ty3/gypsy-like LTR retrotransposons in the parasitic cestode Echinococcus granulosus." Parasitology 143, no. 13 (August 30, 2016): 1691–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182016001499.

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SUMMARYCyclophyllidean cestodes including Echinococcus granulosus have a smaller genome and show characteristics such as loss of the gut, a segmented body plan, and accelerated growth rate in hosts compared with other tissue-invading helminths. In an effort to address the molecular mechanism relevant to genome shrinkage, the evolutionary status of long-terminal-repeat (LTR) retrotransposons, which are known as the most potent genomic modulators, was investigated in the E. granulosus draft genome. A majority of the E. granulosus LTR retrotransposons were classified into a novel characteristic clade, named Saci-2, of the Ty3/gypsy family, while the remaining elements belonged to the CsRn1 clade of identical family. Their nucleotide sequences were heavily corrupted by frequent base substitutions and segmental losses. The ceased mobile activity of the major retrotransposons and the following intrinsic DNA loss in their inactive progenies might have contributed to decrease in genome size. Apart from the degenerate copies, a gag gene originating from a CsRn1-like element exhibited substantial evidences suggesting its domestication including a preserved coding profile and transcriptional activity, the presence of syntenic orthologues in cestodes, and selective pressure acting on the gene. To my knowledge, the endogenized gag gene is reported for the first time in invertebrates, though its biological function remains elusive.

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Crowe, D. M. "Germany and Its Gypsies: A Post-Auschwitz Ordeal * Shared Sorrows: A Gypsy Family Remembers the Holocaust." Holocaust and Genocide Studies 18, no. 2 (January 1, 2004): 296–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hgs/dch068.

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Madsen, Lene Heegaard, Eigo Fukai, Simona Radutoiu, Christopher Karl Yost, Niels Sandal, Leif Schauser, and Jens Stougaard. "LORE1, an active low-copy-number TY3-gypsy retrotransposon family in the model legume Lotus japonicus." Plant Journal 44, no. 3 (October 7, 2005): 372–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-313x.2005.02534.x.

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KozubĂk, Michal, and Barbora OdrĂˇĹˇkovĂˇ. "HOW UPBRINGING IN ROMA FAMILIES HAS CHANGED OVER THE CENTURIES." CBU International Conference Proceedings 5 (September 23, 2017): 676–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.12955/cbup.v5.1006.

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This study compares family upbringing in Slovak Roma during the 18th century with that of current times. It attempts to identify parallels between the Samuel Augusitniâ€™s 18th-century masterpiece: Gypsy in Hungary, and more recent data from a long-term study of Roma people in the eastern Slovakiaâ€“Poprad District. Open and axial coding inspired by the Strauss and Corbin Grounded Theory method is used to analyze the data. The primary results reveal that the common feature in all social classes of the settlement is a strong relationship between children and family. The poorest parents fail to provide adequate living conditions. Their children are brought up on the â€streetâ€™ and come home only when hungry, thirsty, or want to sleep. Parents do not support further education of their children for several reasons: fear of an unknown environment, distrust of most educational institutions, or financial benefit of the family.

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Alves, Sofia, Teresa Ribeiro, Vera Inácio, Margarida Rocheta, and Leonor Morais-Cecílio. "Genomic organization and dynamics of repetitive DNA sequences in representatives of three Fagaceae genera." Genome 55, no. 5 (May 2012): 348–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g2012-020.

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Oaks, chestnuts, and beeches are economically important species of the Fagaceae. To understand the relationship between these members of this family, a deep knowledge of their genome composition and organization is needed. In this work, we have isolated and characterized several AFLP fragments obtained from Quercus rotundifolia Lam. through homology searches in available databases. Genomic polymorphisms involving some of these sequences were evaluated in two species of Quercus , one of Castanea , and one of Fagus with specific primers. Comparative FISH analysis with generated sequences was performed in interphase nuclei of the four species, and the co-immunolocalization of 5-methylcytosine was also studied. Some of the sequences isolated proved to be genus-specific, while others were present in all the genera. Retroelements, either gypsy-like of the Tat/Athila clade or copia-like, are well represented, and most are dispersed in euchromatic regions of these species with no DNA methylation associated, pointing to an interspersed arrangement of these retroelements with potential gene-rich regions. A particular gypsy-sequence is dispersed in oaks and chestnut nuclei, but its confinement to chromocenters in beech evidences genome restructuring events during evolution of Fagaceae. Several sequences generated in this study proved to be good tools to comparatively study Fagaceae genome organization.

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Yuyama, Priscila Mary, Luiz Filipe Protasio Pereira, Tiago Benedito dos Santos, Tumoru Sera, Laurival Antonio Vilas-Boas, Fabrício Ramon Lopes, Claudia Marcia Aparecida Carareto, and André Luís Laforga Vanzela. "FISH using a gag-like fragment probe reveals a common Ty3-gypsy-like retrotransposon in genome of Coffea species." Genome 55, no. 12 (December 2012): 825–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/gen-2012-0081.

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The genus Coffea possesses about 100 species, and the most economically important are Coffea canephora and Coffea arabica. The latter is predominantly self-compatible with 2n = 4x = 44, while the others of the genus are diploid with 2n = 2x = 22 and mostly self-incompatible. Studies using molecular markers have been useful to detect differences between genomes in Coffea; however, molecular and cytogenetic studies have produced only limited information on the karyotypes organization. We used DOP–PCR to isolate repetitive elements from genome of Coffea arabica var. typica. The pCa06 clone, containing a fragment of 775 bp length, was characterized by sequencing and used as a probe in chromosomes of C. arabica and six other species: C. canephora, Coffea eugenioides, Coffea kapakata, Coffea liberica var. dewevrei, Coffea racemosa, and Coffea stenophylla. This insert shows similarities with a gag protein of the Ty3-gypsy-like super-family. Dot blot and FISH analyses demonstrated that pCa06 is differentially accumulated between species and chromosomes. Signals appeared scattered and clustered on the chromosomes and were also associated with heterochromatic regions. While the literature shows that there is a high karyotype similarity between Coffea species, our results point out differences in the accumulation and dispersion of this Ty3-gypsy-like retrotransposon during karyotype differentiation of Coffea.

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Jagodić, Miloš. "Осујећени мешовити брак: Неуспели покушај склапања брака између Рома и Српкиње у Неготину 1851." Issues in Ethnology and Anthropology 11, no. 4 (January 2, 2017): 1073. http://dx.doi.org/10.21301/eap.v11i4.6.

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Based on unpublished archival sources, this paper deals with the position of Gypsies in Serbia in mid XIX century and with the institution of marriage. An extraordinary event, attempt of a Gypsy man marrying a Serb woman, is described and analyzed in detail. The groom's father, wealthy Negotin native Gypsy, intended to marry his son with a Serbian girl and thus improve his family's social status. The selected bride was a poor girl without a family, who accepted the proposal in order to escape from poverty. Obviously, it was the case of an arranged marriage. There were not any legal obstacles to the marriage and the church authorities gave their consent. However, the marriage was not socially acceptable for the part of Negotin community members. Therefore, they openly protested and forced the Timok archbishop to withdraw his permission for the marriage. Police did nothing to prevent demonstration and pressure on the high church dignitary. Thus, the marriage was thwarted. This unusual example shows the existence of segregation of Gypsies and their de facto inferior social position, as well as hesitation of church and civil authorities to enforce the law in matters of marriage, when it collided with deeply rooted social norms.

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Chandru, S., and K. Thirumalaisamy. "Status of Narikoravar (A Type of Gypsy Community) Women Entrepreneur in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu." Asian Review of Social Sciences 8, no. 2 (May 5, 2019): 150–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/arss-2019.8.2.1565.

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The gypsies are indigenous people whose main occupation were hunting but are also considered as one of the greatest bandit communities in south India. The word gypsies is derived from Europe, which means nomadic people. Tamil Nadu is a home to various categories of gypsies, and among them the nomadic tribes or gypsy named as Koravar (or) Narikoravan (or) Kuruvikaran stands in the forefront. The occupation of Narikoravar community is mostly hunting jackals and other wild animals. Later, due to the government ban on possession of fire arms, the Narikoravar community changed their occupation to selling handicrafts. Narikoravar women has always taken a background role-subordinate to the figure of men as the “bread winner”, and were shut away” in their family home. Comparing with women of other community, the Narikoravar women has more responsibilities that are imposed on her that resists her self-development. The plight of these women is mainly due to their upbringing in their family and culture. The nomadic nature of their culture, pose an obstacle for them to make a permanent income for their livelihood. They are economically poor and have engaged in self entrepreneurial business for their livelihood like selling fancy items, grocery items, soft toys making, ornaments and beads making etc. Even though they have an ability and skill in entrepreneurship business, they lack in upgrading their skills with technological enhancement. Hence, the researcher has focused on socio-economic conditions of the respondents, understanding the problems faced by women entrepreneurs and their awareness about government welfare schemes. The research also throws light on the status of women entrepreneurs, their economic status and their awareness about these schemes by employing appropriate statistical methods.

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Volff, Jean-Nicolas, Cornelia Körting, Joachim Altschmied, Jutta Duschl, Kimberley Sweeney, Katrin Wichert, Alexander Froschauer, and Manfred Schartl. "Jule from the Fish Xiphophorus Is the First Complete Vertebrate Ty3/Gypsy Retrotransposon from the Mag Family." Molecular Biology and Evolution 18, no. 2 (February 1, 2001): 101–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a003784.

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Judelson, Howard S. "Sequence Variation and Genomic Amplification of a Family of Gypsy-like Elements in the Oomycete Genus Phytophthora." Molecular Biology and Evolution 19, no. 8 (August 1, 2002): 1313–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a004192.

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Lemon, Alaina. "Roma (Gypsies) in the Soviet Union and the Moscow Teatr ‘Romen’." Nationalities Papers 19, no. 3 (1991): 359–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905999108408208.

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The Moscow Teatr “Romen,” dating back to 1931, is famous throughout the Soviet Union, and its performers have been some of the country's best-known. The Teatr “Romen” connects Roma from all over the country, and many who work there are related; three generations of a family may appear on the stage at one time. These families, along with Roma working as professionals, make up an lite within the Romani community in Moscow. They are the most outwardly assimilated (wearing European dress, etc.), most fluent and literate in Russian as well as Romani. These families usually move in different spheres than do Roma who live in villages around Moscow and work in cooperatives or as independent merchants, although extended family networks may include Roma of all spheres. Most studies of Gypsies (including those of non-Roma, such as Irish Travellers in the United Kingdom) assume a certain homogeneity of culture and of class: The refusal to acknowledge Gypsy upward mobility in the context of a dominant society has also prevented research of class difference within Gypsy groups and created a sense of marginalized homogeneity that does not reflect reality.The Teatr “Romen” is a case that demands such acknowledgment. Yet, in a sense, these élite performers are doubly marginal, both as performers and as ethnic outsiders who “threaten the rhetoric and narratives of nationalism.” Currently in the USSR, such narratives are in flux, as many national minorities demand greater cultural and political autonomy. Roma, however, are not demanding their own republic, and requests for schools and radio shows are often tempered by the assertion that, “this country has been kind to Gypsies.” Roma élites are also in a peculiar position: charged with representing Roma to outsiders, they are also concerned about maintaining the integrity of the urban community as Roma. Because of this, they must negotiate the interstitial area between cultures.

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Cheng, Zhi-Jun, and Minoru Murata. "A Centromeric Tandem Repeat Family Originating From a Part of Ty3/gypsy-Retroelement in Wheat and Its Relatives." Genetics 164, no. 2 (June 1, 2003): 665–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/164.2.665.

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AbstractFrom a wild diploid species that is a relative of wheat, Aegilops speltoides, a 301-bp repeat containing 16 copies of a CAA microsatellite was isolated. Southern blot and fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed that ∼250 bp of the sequence is tandemly arrayed at the centromere regions of A- and B-genome chromosomes of common wheat and rye chromosomes. Although the DNA sequence of this 250-bp repeat showed no notable homology in the databases, the flanking or intervening sequences between the repeats showed high homologies (>82%) to two separate sequences of the gag gene and its upstream region in cereba, a Ty3/gypsy-like retroelement of Hordeum vulgare. Since the amino acid sequence deduced from the 250 bp with seven CAAs showed some similarity (∼53%) to that of the gag gene, we concluded that the 250-bp repeats had also originated from the cereba-like retroelements in diploid wheat such as Ae. speltoides and had formed tandem arrays, whereas the 300-bp repeats were dispersed as a part of cereba-like retroelements. This suggests that some tandem repeats localized at the centromeric regions of cereals and other plant species originated from parts of retrotransposons.

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Stanik, J., M. Kusekova, M. Huckova, L. Valentinova, I. Masindova, D. Stanikova, J. Ferenczova, D. Gasperikova, and I. Klimes. "Impact of Type 2 diabetes on Glucokinase diabetes (GCK-MODY) phenotype in a Roma (Gypsy) family – case report." Endocrine Regulations 46, no. 02 (2012): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.4149/endo_2012_02_99.

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Wang, Jianhua, and Guan-Zhu Han. "Unearthing LTR Retrotransposon gag Genes Co-opted in the Deep Evolution of Eukaryotes." Molecular Biology and Evolution 38, no. 8 (April 19, 2021): 3267–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msab101.

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Abstract LTR retrotransposons comprise a major component of the genomes of eukaryotes. On occasion, retrotransposon genes can be recruited by their hosts for diverse functions, a process formally referred to as co-option. However, a comprehensive picture of LTR retrotransposon gag gene co-option in eukaryotes is still lacking, with several documented cases exclusively involving Ty3/Gypsy retrotransposons in animals. Here, we use a phylogenomic approach to systemically unearth co-option of retrotransposon gag genes above the family level of taxonomy in 2,011 eukaryotes, namely co-option occurring during the deep evolution of eukaryotes. We identify a total of 14 independent gag gene co-option events across more than 740 eukaryote families, eight of which have not been reported previously. Among these retrotransposon gag gene co-option events, nine, four, and one involve gag genes of Ty3/Gypsy, Ty1/Copia, and Bel-Pao retrotransposons, respectively. Seven, four, and three co-option events occurred in animals, plants, and fungi, respectively. Interestingly, two co-option events took place in the early evolution of angiosperms. Both selective pressure and gene expression analyses further support that these co-opted gag genes might perform diverse cellular functions in their hosts, and several co-opted gag genes might be subject to positive selection. Taken together, our results provide a comprehensive picture of LTR retrotransposon gag gene co-option events that occurred during the deep evolution of eukaryotes and suggest paucity of LTR retrotransposon gag gene co-option during the deep evolution of eukaryotes.

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Gontarek, Alicja. "Królowie cygańscy w II Rzeczypospolitej. Wokół dorobku Jerzego Ficowskiego na temat sprawy cygańskiej w okresie międzywojennym." Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia Historicolitteraria 16 (December 12, 2017): 145–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/20811853.16.11.

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Kings of the Gypsies in interwar Poland. Jerzy Ficowski’s works on the Gypsies in the interwar period The article discusses the research conducted by Jerzy Ficowski on the Kings of the Gypsies from the Kwiek clan. Finding of it have been presented in his work entitled Cyganie na polskich drogach. It also constitutes a polemic on the main theses that have been included in the aforementioned work which refers to such key issues as the cultural and linguistic origins of the Kwiek clan, their form of kingly rule, the areas and types of activities undertaken by their kingly leaders, or their alliance with Piłsudski’s block in interwar Poland.Key words: Interwar Poland; Gypsies; gypsy kings; Jerzy Ficowski; Kwieks’ family; Piłsudski’s block;

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Saunders, Verity A., and Andreas Houben. "The pericentromeric heterochromatin of the grass Zingeria biebersteiniana (2n = 4) is composed of Zbcen1-type tandem repeats that are intermingled with accumulated dispersedly organized sequences." Genome 44, no. 6 (December 1, 2001): 955–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g01-092.

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DNA reassociation and hydroxyapatite chromatography were used to isolate high-copy DNA of the grass Zingeria biebersteiniana (2n = 4). In situ hybridization demonstrated that the DNA isolated was enriched for pericentromere-specific repetitive sequences. One abundant pericentromere-specific component is the differentially methylated tandem-repeat family Zbcen1. Other sequences isolated, Zb46 and Zb47A, are dispersed and display similarity to parts of the gypsy- and copia-like retrotransposable elements of other grasses. In situ hybridization with the copia-like sequence Zb47A resulted in dispersed labelling along the chromosome arms, with a significant signal accumulation in the pericentromeric region of all chromosomes. It is concluded that the pericentromeric heterochromatin of Z. biebersteiniana is composed of members of the Zbcen1 tandem repeat family and that these tandem arrays are intermingled with accumulated putative copia-like retrotransposon sequences. An observed Rabl interphase orientation suggests that the length of the chromosomes rather than the genome size is the determining factor of the Rabl phenomenon.Key Words: centromere, heterochromatin, tandemly repeated DNA, retrotransposon-like, DNA reassociation.

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Zorin, Izanne D., Tatiana I. Gerasimova, and Victor G. Corces. "The lawc Gene Is a New Member of the trithorax-Group That Affects the Function of the gypsy Insulator of Drosophila." Genetics 152, no. 3 (July 1, 1999): 1045–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/152.3.1045.

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Abstract Mutations in the lawc gene result in a pleiotropic phenotype that includes homeotic transformation of the arista into leg. lawc mutations enhance the phenotype of trx-G mutations and suppress the phenotype of Pc mutations. Mutations in lawc affect homeotic gene transcription, causing ectopic expression of Antennapedia in the eye-antenna imaginal disc. These results suggest that lawc is a new member of the trithorax family. The lawc gene behaves as an enhancer of position-effect variegation and interacts genetically with mod(mdg4), which is a component of the gypsy insulator. In addition, mutations in the lawc gene cause alterations in the punctated distribution of mod(mdg4) protein within the nucleus. These results suggest that the lawc protein is involved in regulating the higher-order organization of chromatin.

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Lavrenov, A. R., L. N. Nefedova, and A. I. Kim. "Study of the Interaction between HP1 Family Proteins and Untranslated Regulatory Regions of the Gypsy Retrotransposons in Drosophila melanogaster." Moscow University Biological Sciences Bulletin 73, no. 2 (April 2018): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s0096392518020050.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Gypsy family'

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