Academic literature on the topic 'H eart failure'
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Journal articles on the topic "H eart failure"
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Votsi, I., G. Tsaklidis, N. Limnios, E. Papadimitriou, and F. Vallianatos. "A Markov model for seismic hazard analysis along the Hellenic subduction Zone (Greece)." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 47, no. 3 (2016): 1376. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.10934.
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A homogeneous finite–state discrete–time Markov model is applied for the earthquake occurrence in the Hellenic Subduction Zone (Greece), a region accommodating high seismic activity, being a key structure from a seismotectonic point of view. An attempt is made to provide a stochastic representation of the earthquake process and to assess the seismic hazard through the application of the Markov model. The model is applied on a complete data sample comprising strong () eart h-quakes that occurred in the study area since 1911 up to present. The continuous magnitude scale is divided into appropriate intervals to specify discrete states of the model. As the stochastic behavior of the model is governed by its transition probability matrix, we firstly estimate its well–known maximum likelihood estimator. The estimation of the transition probability matrix leads to the estimation of important indicators of the Markov chain, including hitting times and failure rate functions. The mean number of steps for the first occurrence of an anticipated earthquake (belonging to the class with the stronger events, which we are more interested in) is estimated along with its variance. In a next step, we calculate the confidence interval of the aforementioned estimators.
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Angermann, Christiane E., Birgit Assmus, Stefan D. Anker, et al. "Pulmonary artery pressure‐guided therapy in ambulatory patients with symptomatic heart failure: the CardioMEMS E uropean M onitoring S tudy for H eart F ailure ( MEMS‐HF )." European Journal of Heart Failure 22, no. 10 (2020): 1891–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ejhf.1943.
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Djer, Mulyadi M., Sudigdo Sastroasmoro, and Bambang Madiyono. "Heart size, heart function, and plasma B-type natriuretic peptide levels after transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus." Paediatrica Indonesiana 53, no. 3 (2013): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/pi53.3.2013.181-6.
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Background Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a commoncongenital heart disease causing some blood in the aorta to flowinto the pulmonary artery (PA), resulting in dilatation of the leftatrium (IA) and left ventricle (LY), increased B-type natriureticpeptide (BNP) level, and the development of h eart failure.Objectives To evaluate the clinical course, changes in heart sizeand function, and BNP level after transcatheter closure of PDAusing the Amplatzer® duct occluder (ADO).Methods This quasi-experimental study used a one-group, pretestposttestdesign, and was done on PDA patients who underwenttranscatheter closure using ADO. The outcomes measurementswere performed four times, namely, before the procedure andat one, three, and six months after the procedure. Results werecompared using a serial time analysis. Outcomes measured wereheart failure scores, chest x-ray (CXR) and echocardiographyfindings, and plasma BNP level.Results There were 23 PDA patients enrolled, of which 12 werefemales. Subjects' median bodyweight was 11 (range 6.6 to 55) kg.Prior to PDA closure, 12 subjects had mild heart fa ilure (class II)and 7 had moderate heart failure (class III). On follow-up at onemonth after the procedure, all subjects had improved heart failurescores (P<0.0001), and no heart failure was found on furtherfollow up. Likewise, there was a decreased mean cardiothoracicratio (CTR) from 58 to 55% at 1-month (P = 0.001), and alsofrom 55 to 52% at3-month follow up (P<0.0001), but no furtherdecrease was found afterwards (P = 0.798). The left atrium/aorta(LA/Ao) ratio measured by echocardiography also showed astatistically significant decrease from 1.6 prior to the procedureto 1.3 (P<0.0001) in the first month, but it remained stableafterwards. Diastolic function, represented by peak E and A wavesalso significantly decreased from 127 and 91 cm/sec, before theprocedure, to 90 and 68 cm/sec, respectively, at 1 month follow-up(P <0.0001 and P < 0.0001, respectively) . However, there were nostatistically significant changes in E/ A ratio, ejection fract ion andfractional shortening. Plasma BNP level significantly decreasedfrom 58 pg/mL before the procedure to 28 pg/mL at 1 monthfollow-up (P= 0 .001), but no further significant decrease wasobserved afterwards.Conclusion After PDA closure with ADO, we observe significantimprovements in heart failure scores, heart size, diastolic function,and BNP level of our subjects especially in the first month afterthe procedure.
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Maino, James L., Matthew Binns, and Paul Umina. "No longer a west-side story – pesticide resistance discovered in the eastern range of a major Australian crop pest, Halotydeus destructor (Acari: Penthaleidae)." Crop and Pasture Science 69, no. 2 (2018): 216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp17327.
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The redlegged earth mite, Halotydeus destructor (Tucker) (Acari: Penthaleidae), is an important pest of pastures, broad-acre crops, and vegetables across southern Australia. Populations of H. destructor in Western Australia have been known to be resistant to pyrethroid and organophosphorus pesticides since 2006 and 2014, respectively. Resistant populations are currently widespread across Western Australia’s southern growing region but have, until now, remained undetected in the large south-eastern Australian range of H. destructor, despite ongoing resistance screening since 2006. Following reports of a field control failure in the Upper South East district in South Australia in 2016, resistance testing determined this South Australian population was resistant to pyrethroid and organophosphorus pesticides. The levels of resistance discovered were similar to resistant H. destructor populations in Western Australia, which are associated with chemical control failures. This work confirms for the first-time that pesticide resistant populations of H. destructor are no longer isolated to Western Australia.
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Salajegheh, Sina, Kourosh Shahriar, Hossein Jalalifar, and Kaveh Ahangari. "VARIATION OF THE INTRINSIC ROCK PROPERTIES ON HOEK-BROWN FAILURE CRITERION PARAMETERS." Rudarsko-geološko-naftni zbornik 36, no. 4 (2021): 73–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.17794/rgn.2021.4.7.
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The Hoek-Brown (H-B) criterion is one of the most commonly used rock failure criteria in recent years. This criterion includes a constant parameter called mi which is a fundamental parameter for estimating rock strength. Due to the importance of the mi parameter in the H-B criterion, it is necessary to conduct comprehensive studies on various aspects of the effect of this parameter on the behavior of rocks. Therefore, in this study, using numerical simulation of the Triaxial Compressive Strength (TCS) tests in PFC-2D code, the effects of microscopic properties of different rocks on the H-B parameter mi have been studied. Based on the results of this study, it was found that the effects of micro-parameters on the H-B parameter mi can be different depending on the type of rock, however this parameter has an inverse relationship to the micro-parameters of bond tensile strength and bond fraction of the rocks. Also, the mi parameter increases with an increase in the micro-parameters of the friction coefficient, the friction angle, the particle contact modulus, and the contact stiffness ratio of rocks.
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Umina, P. A., and A. A. Hoffmann. "Tolerance of cryptic species of blue oat mites (Penthaleus spp.) and the redlegged earth mite (Halotydeus destructor) to pesticides." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 39, no. 5 (1999): 621. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea99028.
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Blue oat mites (Penthaleus spp.) and redlegged earth mites (Halotydeus destructor) are major pests of crops and pastures in southern Australia. Management of these mites has been complicated by the recent discovery of 3 cryptic parthenogenic species of Penthaleus, whereas prior research had assumed a single species. The response of the 3 Penthaleus species and H. destructor to commonly used pesticides (omethoate, methidathion, bifenthrin and endosulfan) was compared. Penthaleus falcatus was more tolerant of all pesticides than the other species, whereas H. destructor tended to be the most susceptible. The response of P. major was similar to that of an undescribed cryptic species (Penthaleus sp. x). Mites were sampled from 7 sites where control failures had been reported. Three of these failures were due to P. falcatus despite the fact that this species is relatively uncommon. This suggests that the high tolerance levels of P. falcatus relative to the other species may lead to control problems. Nevertheless, samples of P. falcatus from the control failure sites did not exhibit a higher level of tolerance than those from an unsprayed site. Clones of both P. falcatus and P. major differed in tolerance levels, suggesting some potential for the evolution of increased tolerance levels in mite populations. The results highlight the importance of determining species composition when devising control strategies for mite pest outbreaks.
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Saeedy, Hamed S. "Stability of circular vertical earth anchors." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 24, no. 3 (1987): 452–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t87-056.
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This study aims to provide an extensive analytical approach for determining the uplift capacity of circular vertical earth anchors and to investigate the soil–anchor interaction. The solution is simplified by utilizing proper dimensionless parameters, in which controlling dimensionless factors [Formula: see text] are produced for a range of values of H/D and angle of internal friction. The factor [Formula: see text] is a pressure ratio representing gravitational and shear strength of the soil, and H/D signifies relative depth, which pertains to anchor geometry. The functional relationship of these parameters was previously studied for H/D ratios up to 6. The present work concludes that the greater the value of H/D the higher the uplift resistance, but with a decreasing rate until a constant value of uplift force is reached. The transitional value of depth, which defines the condition of failure, is a function of the shear strength of the burial soil. This transitional stage indicates the optimum possible value for uplift capacity for a given relative depth (H/D). Key words: tension foundation, uplift capacity, earth anchor load capacity, soil anchor interaction.
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Zhang, S., L. M. Zhang, M. Peng, L. L. Zhang, H. F. Zhao, and H. X. Chen. "Assessment of risks of loose landslide deposits formed by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 12, no. 5 (2012): 1381–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-12-1381-2012.
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Abstract. A Geographic Information System (GIS)-based quantitative risk assessment methodology was adopted to evaluate the risks of loose deposits formed by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake along a highway near the epicenter. A total of 305 loose deposits with a total volume of 4.0 × 107 m3 has been identified. A physical model was used to determine the failure probability of these loose deposits under six rainfall scenarios, assuming the loose deposits as infinite slopes. The calculated probability of rain-induced slope failures is verified by the recorded landslides at the same site during a storm in 2010. Seventy-nine out of the 112 rain-induced loose deposit failures are predicted by the reliability analysis, with an accuracy of 71%. The results of reliability analysis and information on the consequence of these rain-induced landslides enable the estimation of the annual societal and individual risks of the loose deposits. Under the rainfall scenarios of 30 mm/12 h and 70 mm/12 h, the estimated annual societal risks reach 8.8 and 7.5, respectively, and the individual risks reach 0.05 and 0.04, respectively, which are very high compared with present risk acceptance criteria. The preliminary assessment provides a benchmark for studying the long-term risks of these loose deposits and engineering decision.
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Schöpa, Anne, Wei-An Chao, Bradley P. Lipovsky, et al. "Dynamics of the Askja caldera July 2014 landslide, Iceland, from seismic signal analysis: precursor, motion and aftermath." Earth Surface Dynamics 6, no. 2 (2018): 467–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esurf-6-467-2018.
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Abstract. Landslide hazard motivates the need for a deeper understanding of the events that occur before, during, and after catastrophic slope failures. Due to the destructive nature of such events, in situ observation is often difficult or impossible. Here, we use data from a network of 58 seismic stations to characterise a large landslide at the Askja caldera, Iceland, on 21 July 2014. High data quality and extensive network coverage allow us to analyse both long- and short-period signals associated with the landslide, and thereby obtain information about its triggering, initiation, timing, and propagation. At long periods, a landslide force history inversion shows that the Askja landslide was a single, large event starting at the SE corner of the caldera lake at 23:24:05 UTC and propagating to the NW in the following 2 min. The bulk sliding mass was 7–16 × 1010 kg, equivalent to a collapsed volume of 35–80 × 106 m3. The sliding mass was displaced downslope by 1260 ± 250 m. At short periods, a seismic tremor was observed for 30 min before the landslide. The tremor is approximately harmonic with a fundamental frequency of 2.3 Hz and shows time-dependent changes of its frequency content. We attribute the seismic tremor to stick-slip motion along the landslide failure plane. Accelerating motion leading up to the catastrophic slope failure culminated in an aseismic quiescent period for 2 min before the landslide. We propose that precursory seismic signals may be useful in landslide early-warning systems. The 8 h after the main landslide failure are characterised by smaller slope failures originating from the destabilised caldera wall decaying in frequency and magnitude. We introduce the term “afterslides” for this subsequent, declining slope activity after a large landslide.
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Rong, Haoyu, Guichen Li, Jiahui Xu, et al. "Particle Flow Simulation of Failure Characteristics of Deep Rock Influenced by Sample Height-to-Width Ratios and Initial Stress Level under True-Triaxial Unloading." Geofluids 2021 (April 20, 2021): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6631744.
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The micromechanism of the effects of different height/width ratios (H/W) and initial stress levels on unloading characteristics of deep rock was investigated based on PFC3D true-triaxial unloading simulation. The results show that the increase of H/W will increase the movement speed of rock particles and intensify the acoustic emission (AE) activity inside the rock. With the increase of H/W, the failure mode of rock changes from splitting failure to tensile-shear failure. With increasing initial stress level, the particle velocity and overall fragmentation degree of rock increase. However, the increase of lateral stress will limit the coalescence of microfractures and weaken AE activity in the rock. Under unloading condition, the bonds between particles generally crack along the unloading direction, and the tensile effect is more pronounced under the condition of low initial stress level and high H/W. Under unloading condition, the variable energy of rock increases with increasing H/W and initial stress level, and the kinetic energy of rock particles increases with increasing H/W. The increase of initial stress level will increase the kinetic energy of rock particles when H/W is high.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "H eart failure"
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Cederqvist, Axel, and Viktor Sundberg. "Patienters upplevelser av att leva med hjärtsvikt : En litteraturbaserad studie." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för hälsa och lärande, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-10901.
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Bakgrund: Hjärtsvikt är ett vanligt förekommande tillstånd som ger symtom som andfåddhet, trötthet och hjärtklappningar. Hjärtsvikt kan orsakas av flera olika anledningar där ischemisk hjärtsjukdom och hypertoni är vanligast förekommande. För att ange graden av hjärtsvikt används funktionsklassificering enligt New York Heart Associaton Functional Classification (NYHA I-IV). Lidande kan uppstå vid sjukdom där sjukdomslidande, livslidande och vårdlidande är tre olika former. Egenvård är en viktig faktor för att vidhålla hälsa och välbefinnande. Patienter med hjärtsvikt har vanligen regelbunden kontakt med sjukvården. Syfte: Att beskriva patienters upplevelser av att leva med hjärtsvikt. Metod: Litteraturbaserad studie som är baserad på 13 vetenskapliga artiklar. Resultat: Patienter upplevde fysiska och psykiska begränsningar i det dagliga livet. De var tvungna att hitta nya sätt att leva och deras sociala roll förminskades. Patienterna upplevde ibland vården negativ, de beskrev brist på information och stöd. Framtiden var osäker för patienterna. En del patienter upplevde att de hade framtidstro och andra var redo att dö. Konklusion: Hjärtsviktens nedbrytande effekter orsakar att patienternas sociala roller förminskas, de dagliga aktiviteterna blir svårare att genomföra och framtidstron minskas. Det är viktigt att stärka patientens tilltro till sig själv. Sjuksköterskor har ett ansvar i att lindra lidande och stärka patienternas förmåga till att bedriva egenvård.<br>Background: Heart failure is a common condition that causes symptoms like shortness of breath, fatigue and palpitations. Heart failure can be caused by several reasons which ischemic heart disease and hypertension are the most common. To specify the degree of heart failure, New York Heart Associaton Functional Classification (NYHA I-IV), is used. Suffering can occur during illness. Suffering of disease, suffering of life and suffering of care are three varieties of suffering. Self-care is an important factor in order to maintain health and wellbeing. Patients with heart failure usually have regular contact with medical services. Aim: To describe patients' experiences of living with heart failure. Method: A literature-based study that is based on 13 scientific articles. Results: Patients experienced physical and mental limitations in daily life. They had to change the way of life and their social role was diminished. Patients sometimes experienced care negatives, they described the lack of information and support. The future was experienced uncertain for the patients. Conclusion: Patients' social roles are reduced, daily activities become more difficult to implement and confidence is reduced. It is important to strengthen the patient's self-confidence. Nurses have a responsibility to reduce suffering and enhance patients' ability to engage in self-care.
Book chapters on the topic "H eart failure"
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Hertz, Joseph H. "Civilian Morale." In Jewish Preaching in Times of War, 1800 - 2001. Liverpool University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781906764401.003.0029.
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This chapter discusses a wartime sermon by Joseph H. Hertz. The sermon predictably uses motifs from the Passover: the comparison with Pharaoh's oppression of the ancient Israelites, the homiletical application of phrases from the liturgy of the Haggadah (‘Next year may we all be free men’ to the conquered peoples of Europe, ‘Next year in Jerusalem’ specifically to the Jewish people). Several themes are perhaps more surprising. The first is the commitment to the integrity of the British empire and, consequently, the insistence on total victory not only in Europe but in the Near and Far East. There is also reference to failures on the ‘civilian front’, including Jewish connections with the black market, and the ringing assertion at the sermon's climactic conclusion of Zionist goals, despite their incompatibility with current British policy.
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Taliaferro, Jeffrey W. "The United States and Pakistan’s Nuclear Weapons Program, 1975–1990." In Defending Frenemies. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190939304.003.0004.
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Chapter 4 examines the proliferation dispute between the United States and Pakistan. As with the Middle East, averting containment failure in South Asia was the overriding aim of the Ford, Carter, and Reagan administrations. Slowing or halting the clandestine Pakistani nuclear weapons program was always a subordinate goal. The Soviet Union’s invasion of Afghanistan in 1979 was the turning point. Chapter 4 examines the oscillations in US nonproliferation policies toward Pakistan, from the Ford administration’s offer of advanced fighters for nuclear restraint in 1975–1976, to the Carter administration’s imposition of sanctions in early1979, to the Reagan administration’s provision of a $1.4 billion foreign military assistance package and efforts to circumvent nonproliferation legislation in exchange for Pakistani dictator General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq’s pledge not to cross four nuclear “red lines” from 1981 to 1988, to the George H. W. Bush administration’s resumption of sanctions after the Soviet pullout from Afghanistan in 1990.
Conference papers on the topic "H eart failure"
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Ullah, Syed Zahoor, Alexey Ruzhnikov, Syed Siddik, Maxim Sizov, and Abdulqawi Alfakih. "Drill Bits Evolution in Lump-Sum Turnkey Project Delivers Up to 70 Percent ROP Improvement." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-21173-ms.
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Abstract Drilling rate of penetration (ROP) is one of the variables that influences well delivery timing and cost. ROP is affected by many factors, including but not limited to rock strength, well profile, bottom hole assembly (BHA) design, challenging formations per section, and drill bit selection. In one of the drilling projects in the Middle East, the primary method chosen to improve well delivery is to focus on optimizing the drill bit design to improve ROP while delivering other drilling objectives. As the project progressed, the ROP plateaued in most of sections in the field. The drilling team collaborated with the drill bit engineering to launch a drill bit optimization campaign in various hole sizes ranging from 16-in to 6⅛-in. Since fixed-cutter bits are predominantly used in these sections, improvements are made to the existing drill bit designs by replacing the cutting elements with more efficient 3D polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) cutters or 3DC. 3DC cutters have different shapes, uniquely designed to tackle different drilling challenges. Using an in-house petrophysical log analysis program, each formation drilled in this field was analyzed and drilling challenges and ROP values were compared against previous performance. This information paired with finite element analysis (FEA) for dynamic drilling simulation was used to optimize drill bit selection. This conceptual workflow was followed to avoid costly field tests and ensure that the newly designed drill bit performs flawlessly downhole. Other design elements, such as choosing bit body material, were also incorporated by converting matrix-bodied to steel-bodied, which not only improved the ROP but also reduced the cost-per-foot (CPF). Initially the bit optimization program enabled ROP improvement in the 16-in section by 36% from 53 ft/h to 73 ft/h by replacing the roller-cone bit with a matrix-bodied fixed-cutter bit. Moreover, the drilling team further improved their performance, achieving 118 ft/hr. ROP when using the steel-bodied bit. With successful deployment of 3DC cutters in Middle East, ridged diamond element was introduced in the 8½-in section and successfully improved overall ROP by 11%. In addition, the 6⅛-in section showed 25% improvement in ROP following several design iterations that utilized two different types of 3DC cutters. By the end of the drill bit optimization campaign, the operator was able to improve the drilling curve and save up to 2.5 days per well. The 3DC cutters also helped eliminate the risk of bit failure in the 8½-in section, wherein offset wells several bits were required to complete the section. With the performance mindset, new technology deployment made it faster to test new bit designs. This helped with getting early data point for analysis before being able to test in the different fields in the area.