Dissertations / Theses: 'H-Fatty Acid Binding Protein'

1

Sheridan, Mary T. "Studies of fatty acid binding protein." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235759.

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2

Vork, Michaël Maria. "Fatty acid-binding protein in rat heart." Maastricht : Maastricht : Universitaire Pers Maastricht ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1993. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=6232.

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Proefschrift Maastricht.
Samenvatting in het Nederlands. Ten dele eerder verschenen en nog te verschijnen art. Auteursnaam op rug en omslag: Michaël Vork. Met lit. opg. en een samenvatting in het Nederlands.

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3

Evans, Carol. "Studies on rat liver fatty acid-binding protein." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.385122.

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4

Priyananda, Pramith School of Chemical Engineering &amp Industrial Chemistry UNSW. "Protein and fatty acid interactions during ultrafiltration." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Chemical Engineering and Industrial Chemistry, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/24310.

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Proteins and fatty acids often exist in solutions containing biological matter that are treated with membranes. These proteins and fatty acids interact with each other as well as with the membranes thereby affecting the flux. Binding of fatty acids to proteins results in complexes that are much larger than fatty acid molecules. Exploitation of this size difference to remove difficult to separate fatty acids from aqueous solutions by ultrafiltration was investigated in this study. In addition, the fouling of membrane by the protein-fatty acid mixtures containing free dissolved fatty acids was studied using bovine albumin (BSA)-caprylic system. Binding of caprylic acid to native and pasteurized BSA was examined by diafiltering pre equilibrated fatty acid-BSA mixtures. The rate of mass transfer of fatty acid molecules through boundary film surrounding the protein molecules was estimated using a BSA solution as the adsorbent phase in an agitated column. A stirred cell fitted with a polyethersulfone membrane (30 kDa) was used for the diafiltrations. Accumulation of fatty acid in the BSA layers fouled on the membrane was also estimated. Binding studies indicate that a native BSA molecule (at pH 6.8) could bind 7 fatty acid molecules in specific binding cavities while approximately 44 molecules are bound onto the surface. When BSA was pasteurized the specific binding decreased from 7 to 2 indicating unfolding of the molecule. In addition, the total binding capacity decreased from 44 to 24 moles/BSA mole and the rate of mass transfer decreased from 4.5/min to 3.6/min, indicating heat induced aggregation of BSA. At alkaline pH levels fatty acid anion acts as an anionic surfactant stabilizing the molecular conformation of the protein and reducing fouling. When pH was lowered to 3, flux severely declined. Unusually large accumulation of fatty acid in the deposited protein layers (caprylic/BSA ~ 10,000 moles) occurred indicating capillary condensation of undissociated fatty acids in the protein layer. Agitated column studies showed that proteins could be used as an adsorbent to remove hard to separate dissolved fatty acids from aqueous solutions. The separated protein-fatty acid complex may be further processed to manufacture animal feed.

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Peet, Daniel J. "Protein-bound fatty acids in mammalian hair fibres /." Connect to thesis, 1994. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00000641.

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6

Hagan, Robert Mark. "Liver fatty acid binding protein : relating structure to function." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.437109.

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7

Hopf, Lisa-Marie. "Regulation von Adipocyte fatty acid binding protein in Abhängigkeit der Nierenfunktion." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-197266.

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Adipositas und die damit verbundenen Folgeerkrankungen sind eine der zentralen Gesund-heitsherausforderungen unserer Zeit. Dauerhafte Adipositas führt zu einer Dysregulation fettgewebseigener Peptidhormone. Diese sogenannten Adipokine stellen ein Verbindungsglied zwischen Fettgewebsakkumulation und den vielfältigen Adipositaskomplikationen des gesamten Organismus dar. Adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (AFABP) wurde in den letzten Jahren als zirkulierendes Adipokin mit diabetogenen, proinflammatorischen und proateriosklerotischen Effekten etabliert. Zu Beginn der Dissertation lagen unzureichende Erkenntnisse über die Elimination von AFABP sowie die Regulation des Adipokins bei eingeschränkter Nierenfunktion vor. Aus diesem Grund untersucht die vorliegende Arbeit die AFABP-Regulation in Abhängigkeit von der Nierenfunktion in 532 Patienten mit chronischer Niereninsuffizienz (Studienpopulation 1) und 32 Patienten mit akuter Nierenfunktionsverminderung nach Nephrektomie (Studienpopulation 2). In beiden Kohorten stiegen die medianen AFABP-Serumkonzentrationen mit abfallender Nierenfunktion an. Zudem waren Marker der Nierenfunktion in beiden Studienpopulationen die stärksten unabhängigen Prädiktoren für zirkulierendes AFABP. Untersuchungen aus der Arbeitsgruppe zur AFABP-Regulation in einem Rattenmodell der akuten Niereninsuffizienz unterstützen die klinischen Studienergebnisse. Zusammenfassend zeigen diese Ergebnisse zum ersten Mal signifikant steigende AFABP-Serumspiegel bei chronischer und akuter Nierenfunktionsstörung, sowie bei akutem Abfall der Nierenfunktion. Diese Befunde stützen die Hypothese, dass AFABP renal eliminiert wird. Inwiefern AFABP darüber hinaus in die Pathogenese der chronischen Niereninsuffizienz eingreift, muss in weiterführenden Studien beleuchtet werden.

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8

Adhikari, Sean. "Glucose oxidation in heart-type fatty acid binding protein null mice." Texas A&M University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4391.

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Heart-type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) is a major fatty acid binding factor in skeletal muscles. Genetic lack of H-FABP severely impairs the esterification and oxidation of exogenous fatty acids in soleus muscles isolated from chow-fed mice (CHOW-solei) and high fat diet-fed mice (HFD-solei), and prevents the HFD-induced accumulation of muscle triglycerides. Here, we examined the impact of H-FABP deficiency on the relationship between fatty acid utilization and glucose oxidation. Glucose oxidation was measured in isolated soleus muscles in the presence or absence of 1 mM palmitate (simple protocol) or in the absence of fatty acid after preincubation with 1 mM palmitate (complex protocol). With the simple protocol, the mutation slightly reduced glucose oxidation in CHOW-muscles, but markedly increased it in HFDmuscles; unexpectedly, this pattern was not altered by the addition of palmitate, which reduced glucose oxidation in both CHOW- and HFD-solei irrespective of the mutation. In the complex protocol, the mutation first inhibited the synthesis and accumulation of triglycerides and then their mobilization; with this protocol, the mutation increased glucose oxidation in both CHOW- and HFD-solei. We conclude: (i) H-FABP mediates a non-acute inhibition of muscle glucose oxidation by fatty acids, likely by enabling both the accumulation and mobilidoes not mediate the acute inhibitory effect of extracellular fatty acids on muscle glucose oxidation; (iii) H-FABP affects muscle glucose oxidation in opposing ways, with inhibition prevailing at high muscle triglyceride contents.zation of a critical mass of muscle triglycerides; (ii) H-FABP

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9

Wilkinson, T. C. I. "A study of the fatty acid-binding protein of rat liver." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.374448.

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Li, Huiying. "Adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein : a link between inflammation and vascular dysfunction /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2010. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B44248714.

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Li, Huiying, and 李慧颖. "Adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein: a link between inflammation and vascular dysfunction." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B44248714.

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Wong, Yue-ling, and 黃愉鈴. "The role of adipocyte fatty acid binding protein in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45164873.

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13

Zhang, Jun Mark. "Transcriptional regulation of fatty acid binding protein expression in locust flight muscle." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq24278.pdf.

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14

Schaap, Franciscus Gerardus. "Physiological role of cytoplasmic fatty acid-binding protein for the cardiac myocyte." [Maastricht : Maastricht : Universiteit Maastricht] ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1999. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=6839.

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15

Chan, Cangel Pui Yee. "A superior early myocardial infarction marker : human heart-type fatty acid-binding protein /." View Abstract or Full-Text, 2002. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?CHEM%202002%20CHAN.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2002.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 139-166). Also available in electronic version. Access restricted to campus users.

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16

Kleine, Albert Hans. "Fatty acid-binding protein as diagnostic marker of acute myocardial infarction in man." Maastricht : Maastricht : Universitaire Pers Maastricht ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1993. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=5939.

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17

Erol, Erdal. "Heart- and liver-type fatty acid binding proteins in lipid and glucose metabolism." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1148.

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Heart-type Fatty Acid-Binding Protein (H-FABP) is required for high rates of skeletal muscle long chain fatty acid (LCFA) oxidation and esterification. Here we assessed whether H-FABP affects soleus muscle glucose uptake when measured in vitro in the absence of LCFA. Wild type and H-FABP null mice were fed a standard chow or high fat diet before muscle isolation. With the chow, the mutation increased insulin-dependent deoxyglucose uptake by 141% (P<0.01) at 0.02 mU/ml of insulin, but did not cause a significant effect at 2 mU/ml insulin; skeletal muscle triglyceride and long chain acyl-CoA (LCACoA) levels remained normal. With the fat diet, the mutation increased insulin-dependent deoxyglucose uptake by 190% (P<0.01) at 2 mU/ml insulin, thus partially preventing insulin resistance, and completely prevented the threefold (P<0.001) diet-induced increase of muscle triglyceride levels; however, muscle LCACoA levels showed little or no reduction. With both diets, the mutation reduced the basal (insulinindependent) soleus muscle deoxyglucose uptake by 28% (P<0.05). These results establish a close relationship of FABP-dependent lipid pools with insulin sensitivity, and indicate the existence of a non-acute, antagonistic, and H-FABP-dependent fatty acid regulation of basal and insulin-dependent muscle glucose uptake. Liver fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP) has been proposed to limit the availability of chain LCFA for oxidation and for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR-alpha), a fatty acid binding transcription factor that determines the capacity of hepatic fatty acid oxidation. Here, we used L-FABP null mice to test this hypothesis. Under fasting conditions, this mutation reduced β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) plasma levels as well as BHB release and palmitic acid oxidation by isolated hepatocytes. However, the capacity for ketogenesis was not reduced: BHB plasma levels were restored by octanoate injection; BHB production and palmitic acid oxidation were normal in liver homogenates; and hepatic expression of key PPAR-alpha target (MCAD, mitochondrial HMG CoA synthase, ACO, CYP4A3) and other (CPT1, LCAD) genes of mitochondrial and extramitochondrial LCFA oxidation and ketogenesis remained at wild-type levels. These results suggest that under fasting conditions, hepatic L-FABP contributes to hepatic LCFA oxidation and ketogenesis by a nontranscriptional mechanism.

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18

Wong, Tak-sui, and 黃德緒. "Adipocyte fatty acid binding protein acts as a suppressor of autophagy contributing to foam cell formation." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206502.

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Background and objectives: Growing bodies of evidence demonstrate that adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (A-FABP) mediates the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis through its direct impacts on macrophages. Loss-of-function study was conducted by utilizing peritoneal macrophages derived from A-FABP knockout (KO) mice, to investigate the role of A-FABP in autophagy and macrophage foam cell formation. Key findings: 1. No morphological changes between the peritoneal macrophages derived from A-FABP knockout (KO) or their wild-type (WT) littermates. 2. Foam cell formation was successfully induced by the treatment of acetylated low-density lipoproteins (LDL) in peritoneal macrophages derived from A-FABP WT and KO mice. 3. LDL treatment induces autophagy in peritoneal macrophages from both A-FABP WT and KO mice. 4. The extent of LDL-induced autophagy is reduced in peritoneal macrophages of WT mice and is accompanied by increased lipid droplet accumulation when compared with A-FABP KO mice. Conclusions: A-FABP is a suppressor of autophagy and contributes to the attenuation of cholesterol efflux, subsequently resulting in enhancement of lipid droplets accumulation in peritoneal macrophages. A-FABP mediates the formation of macrophage foam cell via the suppression of autophagy. The results suggest that A-FABP is a potential therapeutic target to suspend the progression of atherosclerosis and remit the atherosclerotic lesion.
published_or_final_version
Medicine
Master
Master of Medical Sciences

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19

Powell, Catherine. "The Roles of Metabolic Proteins, Fatty Acid Binding Protein 5 and S100A7, in Breast Cancer and Obesity." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1426179329.

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Garrison, Derek S. "Rationale for the Study of Fatty Acid Binding Protein 5 in Alveolar Type II Cells." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1226862267.

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21

Abdel-Rahman, Saif-El-Dean Tawfik. "Identification of significant coronary artery disease by the measurement of H-FABP (Heart-type Fatty Acid Binding Protein) for patients with normal troponin concentrations." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/11387/.

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OBJECTIVE: We intend to investigate the ability of H-FABP levels to identify significant coronary artery disease in low- to intermediate-risk patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS). BACKGROUND: H-FABP is a small intracellular protein involved in the transport and buffering of fatty acids in cardiac myocytes. There is an increasing evidence base for the utility of H-FABP as a cardiac biomarker for the early diagnosis of ACS. Levels have been shown to provide incremental prognostic information about future risk of myocardial infraction (MI) and death, independent of traditional risk factors and troponin levels. METHODS: 238 patients presenting with possible ACS were recruited as they attended the Emergency Department (ED) of a major UK teaching hospital. Venous blood samples were drawn at presentation, 90 minutes later, and after 12 hours from index symptoms. H-FABP was measured using the RANDOX Immunoturbidometric Immunoassay. Computerised axial tomography coronary artery calcium scoring (CTCS) was used as a marker of coronary atheroma burden, combined with clinical assessment for the detection of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). RESULTS: There was a statistically significant positive correlation between H-FABP and CTCS, independent of age and renal function. Used on its own as a continuous variable, H-FABP was poor at predicting Agatston CTCS >10, and the clinical demonstration of obstructive coronary disease (areas under the ROC curve 0.6-0.7). When used as part of a multifactorial model to predict these endpoints H-FABP was, however, a more powerful predictor than some traditional risk factors such as smoking status, diabetes, hypertension, as well as renal function. H-FABP showed the greatest promise when used as a dichotomous variable within what we termed a ‘triple rule-out’ strategy. Here, H-FABP was used alongside the ECG and troponin to help identify patients at low risk of obstructive coronary artery disease, and tertiary events within a median follow-up period of 406 days (death from a cardiovascular cause, myocardial infarction, coronary revascularisation). Using a H-FABP cut-off at the 50th centile (3.16 μg/l), the triple rule-out strategy had a 96.4% negative predictive value (95% CI 86.6%-99.3%), and sensitivity of 83.3% (95% CI 50.8%-97.1%). 31% of the recruited population fell into the rule-out group. The triple rule-out strategy was validated for mortality on a cohort of 483 patients from the FAB2 study (Viswanathan et al., 2010). 19% of patients met rule-out criteria, with a 2.2% all-cause six year mortality, as compared to a 20.6% all-cause six year mortality for patients that did not. In the rule-out group no deaths were seen within the first 18 months. This equates to an all-cause six year mortality sensitivity of 97.5% (95% CI 90.5%-99.6%) and negative predictive value of 97.8% (95% CI 91.4%-99.6%). CONCLUSION: The analyses demonstrate the potential for H-FABP to be used as part of a triple rule-out strategy, guided by clinical assessment, alongside the ECG and troponin to identify low risk patients as they present to the ED. The strategy would benefit from external validation.

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Iwen, Alexander. "Molecular mechanisms of action of thyroid hormone the liver fatty acid binding protein as a model /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=972186670.

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Klapper, Maja [Verfasser]. "Promoter variants and transcriptional regulation of the intestinal fatty acid binding protein gene (FABP2) / Maja Klapper." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2008. http://d-nb.info/1019630728/34.

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Kilcullen, Niamh. "Heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in diagnosis and risk stratification in patients with acute coronary syndromes." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.434465.

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Gutiérrez, González Luis Horacio. "Structural and dynamical studies on human epidermal-type fatty acid binding protein using high resolution NMR spectroscopy." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=964395630.

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26

Naderi, Amir Said Alizadeh. "Häufigkeit des Thr54-Polymorphismus des Fatty-acid-binding-Protein und Einfluss auf die Pathogenese der morbiden Adipositas." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=96947606X.

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27

Siebeke, Ivonne. "The fatty acid and retinol binding protein of Heligmosomoides bakeri : a modulator of the host immune response." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.580307.

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The increasing awareness that infection by helminths can prevent the development of allergy and autoimmunity partially due to the induction of a regulatory immune response has led to the investigation of parasite-derived molecules and their interactions. This study sought to explore the unique nematode specific fatty acid and retinol binding (FAR) proteins and their potentially important retinol binding ability. Therefore, the FAR protein of the immunoregulatory murine gastrointestinal nematode, Heligmosomoides bakeri was chosen. Recombinant Hb-FAR-l (rHb-FAR- 1) was successfully expressed in the yeast Pichia pastoris, and its retinol and fatty acid binding ability was confirmed. Despite the rare activation of toll-like receptors (TLRs) by parasite-derived molecules, this protein was found to trigger TLR2 on human embryonic kidney cells 293. Overall, rHb-FAR-l failed to induce the maturation of bone marrow derived dendritic cells (DCs) or macrophages (Ms), although DC-derived IL-6 was increased. In contrast to many helminth antigens, rHb-FAR-l treated DCs or Ms were not found to be hyporesponsive to simultaneous TLR activation, but DCs displayed elevated cytokine levels (IL-6, TNF-a) and increased expression of surface activation markers (MHC-II, CD86) in response to two TLR2 ligands, Pam3CSK4 or FSL-l, in comparison to exposure to the TLR2 agonists alone. However, rHb-FAR-l failed to modify the response of DCs to LPS (TLR4), zymosan (TLR2) or ODN1826 (TLR9). Fluorescent labelling of rHb- FAR-l revealed a specific internalization of this antigen into vesicular compartments of both DCs and Ms, within 45 min. The immunoregulatory potential of rHb-FAR-l was tested in the non-obese diabetic mouse. Despite the lack of T cell polarization after intraperitoneal (ip) injection of rHb-FAR-l, the protein was able to induce increased levels of IL-lO by splenocytes in response to rHb-FAR-l ex vivo. Subsequent to these ip injections an expanded number of peritoneal exudate cells (PECs) was found in the peritoneal cavity, with a higher percentage of Bl B cells but a lower frequency of peritoneal Ms. The latter cell type displayed up-regulated expression of FIZZl and arginase-I, both markers for alternative activation of Ms. In addition to in vivo effects, rHb-FAR-l directly stimulated the expression of IL-6, IL-lO and TNF-a from naive PECs in vitro but was not able to interfere with the proliferation of splenic Band T cells. Furthermore, rHb-FAR-l failed to induce Foxp3 expressing regulatory T cells but polarized Th17 cells in an IL-6 dependent manner, suggesting a potential importance in the early transient Th17 response to H. bakeri, which prolongs parasite survival.

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Chi, Fang. "Developmental expression of fatty acid binding protein and its regulation in the fetal, neonatal, and weanling pig /." The Ohio State University, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148784494807467.

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29

Jakobsson, Emma. "Structural Studies of Echinococcus granulosus Fatty-acid-binding Protein 1 and Human Semicarbazide-sensitive Amine Oxidase." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis: Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-5884.

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30

Röjdeby, Elin. "Thermostability investigation of Fatty Acid Binding Protein from Cataglyphis fortis by fluorescence spectroscopy using genetically introduced tryptophan residues." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för fysik, kemi och biologi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-74238.

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The desert ant Cataglyphis fortis is one of the hyperthermophilic species of Cataglyphis. It lives in the Sahara desert and forages during the hottest hours of the day when it can get up to 70˚C in the sand. The body temperature of the ant during the foraging runs can reach a maximum of 55˚C. Since C.fortis is one of few eukaryotic hyperthermophilic species, its proteins probably have a high thermostability. Investigating the thermostability can give valuable information about the principles of protein folding and stability in hyperthermophiles.Fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) have an important role in the cell taking up and transporting fatty acids and regulating metabolic and inflammatory pathways. FABPs have been extensively studied and structures from several species have been determined. The determined structures of all FABPs are very similar why thermostability studies of FABP from C.fortis are highly relevant.Fluorescence spectroscopy is an easy and fast method to measure intrinsic protein fluorescence. Tryptophans were genetically introduced into three different positions in FABP to be used as environmental sensitive probes. Complementing the measurement results with a model of the 3D structure of FABP from C.fortis gave additional information about the ligand binding.The (local) thermostability of the mutants can be detected by shift in wavelength maximum during temperature ramping experiments. All mutants are stabilised in the presence of fatty acids. The mutant with tryptophan positioned closest to the supposed ligand binding residues (Y11W) is most affected. The mutant with tryptophan situated farthest from the supposed binding residues (Y52W) shows a stabilisation of Tm less evident than for Y11W. Thus, the structural changes following fatty acid binding are more obvious in the environment close to the binding site.However, the third mutant C87W shows no significant stabilisation although positioned closer to the fatty acid binding site than Y52. This is probably due to the size difference between the original and introduced amino acid in the mutation. Since the high value of the starting λmax for C87W implies that C87W is quite exposed to the aqueous solvent, the residue is likely to not have subsumed in the protein tertiary structure.Further, the myristic acid stabilise the melting temperature of all the mutants while octanoic acid only has a local effect of Y11W increasing the cooperativity. This implies different binding properties and that myristic acid stabilise the entire protein while octanoic acid only has a local stabilisation effect around the ligand binding site.

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31

Lee, Pui-chi, and 李佩芝. "Phenotypic characterization of adipocyte fatty acid binding protein knockout mice under high fat high cholesterol diet-induced obesity." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/197517.

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Background and objectives: A lot of studies proved that adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (A-FABP), an adipokine mainly expressed in adipocytes and macrophages, is the key link between obesity and inflammation which is suggested to be a therapeutic target for obesity-related diseases. Loss-of-function study was employed by using A-FABP knockout (KO) mice generated by our group to investigate role of A-FABP in high fat high cholesterol (HFHC) diet-induced obesity. Key findings: 1. Our study confirmed that HFHC diet-induced A-FABP KO mice have a significantly increased body weight when compared to the wild-type (WT) control mice. 2. Higher adiposity was the major reason for the A-FABP KO mice to be heavier than the WT controls under HFHC diet induction. 3. The marked increase of the weight of subcutaneous fat and peri-renal fat contributed to the higher adiposity of the HFHC-diet induced A-FABP KO mice when compared to the WT controls. 4. The HFHC-diet induced A-FABP KO mice significantly consumed less oxygen and produced less carbon dioxide suggesting the reduced energy expenditure but had higher weekly energy intake when compared with the WT controls, leading to higher adiposity. 5. The A-FABP KO mice were protected against HFHC diet induced glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia when compared with the WT controls. There was also a better insulin secretion in response to glucose stimulation in A-FABP KO mice under prolonged HFHC diet induction when compared with the WT controls. 6. The A-FABP KO mice were protected against the development of hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglycemia when compared the WT controls under HFHC diet induction. However, there was no significant difference in the fasting serum free fatty acids (FFA) level among A-FABP WT and KO mice fed with standard chow (STC) or HFHC diet. 7. A-FABP KO mice were protected against isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) under HFHC diet induction. 8. The A-FABP KO mice were protected against HFHC diet-induced liver injury as indicated by a lower serum ALT level suggesting a better liver function when compared with the WT controls. 9. Under HFHC diet induction, M1 macrophage polarization was dominant in fat tissues of A-FABP WT mice but M2 macrophage polarization was dominant in fat tissues of A-FABP KO mice, suggesting an improved inflammatory status in the adipose tissue of the A-FABP KO mice when compared with the WT controls. This may also be the reason for why HFHC diet-induced A-FABP KO mice have an increased body weight but are metabolically healthier compared to their WT controls. Conclusions: A-FABP KO mice had a significant higher body weight and higher adiposity due to the reduced energy expenditure and increased weekly food intake as indicated in the metabolic cage study and the reason for metabolic healthier is due to the alleviated HFHC diet induced M1 macrophage polarization in various adipose tissues suggesting an improved inflammatory status in A-FABP KO mice comparing to the WT controls.
published_or_final_version
Medicine
Master
Master of Philosophy

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32

Davies, Joanna Kay. "Rat liver fatty acid binding protein structure and function : the targeting of FABP-bound ligands to anionic interfaces." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.393911.

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33

Spann, Nathanael J. "Transcriptional modulation of hepatic lipoprotein assembly and secretion coordinate regulation of the liver-fatty acid binding protein and microsomal triglyceride transfer protein genes /." Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2006. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3215280.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego and San Diego State University, 2006.
Title from first page of PDF file (viewed July 21, 2006). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 123-155).

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Fritzler, Jason Michael. "Cryptosporidium parvum: enhancing our understanding of its unique fatty acid metabolism and the elucidation of putative new inhibitors." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/85980.

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Cryptosporidium parvum is widely known for outbreaks within the immunocompetent population, as well its sometimes excruciating effects as an opportunistic agent in AIDS patients. Our understanding of the biology and host-parasite interactions of this parasitic protist is increasing at a rapid rate due to recent molecular and genetic advances. The topic of our research is in the area of C. parvum fatty acid metabolism, which is highly streamlined in this parasite. In addition to a type I fatty acid synthase (CpFAS1), C. parvum also possesses an enormous type I polyketide synthase (CpPKS1). Because of the size of this megasynthase, functional characterization of the complete enzyme is not possible. We have isolated and characterized the loading unit of CpPKS1 which contains an acyl-[acyl carrier protein (ACP)] ligase (AL) and an ACP. This unit is responsible for the overall substrate selection and initiation of polyketide production. Our data show that CpPKS1 prefers long-chain fatty acids with the highest specificity for arachidic acid (C20). Thus, the final polyketide product could contain as many as 34 carbons. Additionally, C. parvum possesses only a single fatty acid elongase. This family of enzymes serves a mechanism similar to FAS, and many have been found to be involved in de novo fatty acid synthesis in other organisms. After expressing this membrane protein in human cells, we have determined that it too prefers long-chain fatty acyl-CoAs which undergo only one round of elongation. This is in contrast to members of this enzyme family in other organisms that can initiate de novo synthesis from two- or four-carbon fatty acids via several rounds of elongation. Our lab has previously characterized the unique acyl-CoA binding protein (CpACBP1) from C. parvum. Molecular and biochemical data suggested that this enzyme may serve as a viable drug target. We have screened a library of known (and somewhat common) compounds against CpACBP1, and have isolated several potential compounds to be further examined for their ability to inhibit the growth of C. parvum.

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Ding, Shih-Torng. "Lipid Metabolism and The Ontogeny of ACYLCoA:Cholesterol Acyltransferase and Fatty Acid-Binding Protein in Developing Embryos and Post-Hatch Turkeys /." The Ohio State University, 1996. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487933648649402.

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Alhadi, Hafidh A. A. "Role of heart fatty acid binding protein in the early detection of myocardial injury in patients with acute coronary syndromes." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/23007.

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Gimenez, Rodrigo Pinto 1966. "Expressão proteica da adiponectina, receptores de adiponectina tipos 1 e 2 e da adipocyte fatty acid binding protein no carcinoma invasor, nas suas lesões precursoras e nas lesões benignas da mama = Protein expression of adiponectin, adiponectin receptors types 1 and 2 and adipocyte fatty acid binding protein in breast cancer, its precursor lesions and benign breast lesions." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/311116.

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Orientadores: Maria Salete Costa Gurgel, Sílvia de Barros-Mazon
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T03:12:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gimenez_RodrigoPinto_D.pdf: 2727620 bytes, checksum: 505f7780aca2f535e4882eb250f83b9d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013
Resumo: Introdução: A obesidade tem se mostrado responsável pelo aumento de 30% a 50% dos casos novos de câncer de mama, em particular na pós-menopausa. A mais recente hipótese para explicar tal fato situa os adipócitos e suas funções autócrina, parácrina e endócrina no centro do cenário, através da relação das adipocinas, por ele secretadas, com a obesidade e o câncer de mama. Objetivo: Artigo 1- Comparar o padrão de expressão imunoistoquímica da adiponectina (APN) e dos seus receptores tipos 1 e 2 (adipoR1/R2) no carcinoma invasor (CDI), carcinoma ductal in situ (CDIS) e lesões benignas da mama (BE) e correlacioná-los com parâmetros clínicos e histológicos. Artigo 2- Avaliar a expressão protéica da FABP4 nos tecidos epiteliais e adiposos mamário de portadoras de CDI, CDIS e lesões benignas da mama. Material e Métodos: Foram incluídos os blocos de parafina de 223 mulheres sendo 69 com CDI, 73 com CDIS e 81 com biópsias negativas para câncer de mama, tratadas no CAISM/UNICAMP de janeiro de 2008 a dezembro de 2011, e preparadas lâminas de Tissue Microarray (TMA). A expressão de APN e Adipo R1/R2 foi avaliada no tecido tumoral nos casos CDI e CDIS e no tecido epitelial e nos casos benignos. A expressão de FABP4 foi avaliada no tecido tumoral, na gordura peritumoral (GP) e na gordura mamária distante (GD) nos casos de CDI e CDIS, e no tecido epitelial e gorduras mamários nos casos benignos. Para avaliar uma possível relação entre a expressão dos marcadores entre si e com parâmetros antropométricos, clínicos e histopatológicos, foram utilizados os testes qui-quadrado ou exato de Fisher, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis e correlação de Spearman. As determinações foram calculadas considerando o valor de ?=0,05 (p<0,05). Resultados: Artigo 1 - A APN mostrou-se expressa em 65% dos CDI, 48% dos CDIS e 12% das BE e AdipoR1 em 98%, 94% e 71%, respectivamente. Todos os casos de CDI e CDIS expressaram AdipoR2 contra 81% de BE. Nos CDI e CDIS observou-se associação entre maior expressão de APN e tumores RE negativo. No CDIS esta associação foi também observada com RP negativo. Artigo 2 - Observou-se expressão protéica da FABP4 no tecido epitelial em 90% dos CDI, 40% dos CDIS e 28% em BE. Considerando-se a GP e GD esta expressão foi maior nas BE que nos CDI, diferenças consideradas significativas. Nas pacientes com CDI a expressão da FABP4 foi maior quando o diagnóstico ocorreu até 50 anos de idade. A totalidade dos casos expressou moderada a intensamente este marcador no tecido gorduroso periepitelial e distante. Conclusões: As diferenças de expressões protéicas da adiponectina e dos seus receptores AdipoR1/R2 observadas em diferentes diagnósticos mamários sugerem sua participação no complexo mecanismo etiológico destas diferentes condições. Os resultados deste estudo indicam, ainda, que existe uma correlação direta entre expressão protéica da FABP4, câncer de mama e obesidade
Abstract: Introduction: Obesity has been shown to be responsible for a 30 to 50% increase in new breast cancer cases, in particular in the postmenopausal period. The most recent hypothesis that explains this fact places adipocytes and its autocrine, paracrine and endocrine functions at center stage, linking adipokines secreted by adipocytes to obesity and breast cancer. Objective: Article 1- to compare immunohistochemistry expression pattern of adiponectin (APN) and its receptors types 1 and 2 (adipoR1/R2) in invasive carcinoma (IDC), ductal carcinoma in situ (CDIS) and benign breast lesions (BE), correlated with clinical and histological parameters. Article 2- To assess FABP4 protein expression in epithelial and adipose breast tissue in women diagnosed with IDC, DCIS and benign breast lesions. Material and Methods: Paraffin-embedded blocks from 223 women were included. Of the total number of women, 69 had IDC CDI, 73 had CDIS and 81 had biopsies negative for breast cancer. The patients have been treated at CAISM/Unicamp from January 2008 to December 2011 and Tissue Microarray (TMA) slides were constructed. Expression of APN and Adipo R1/R2 was assessed in tumor tissue in cases of IDC and DCIS and in epithelial tissue in benign cases. FABP4 expression was evaluated in tumor tissue, peritumoral fat tissue (PF) and distant fat breast tissue (DF) in cases of IDC and DCIS and in the epithelial tissue and breast fat tissue in benign cases. To assess a possible relationship between marker expression and anthropometric, clinical and histopathological parameters, the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test, Mann-Whitney test, Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearman's correlation were used. Determinations were calculated, considering a value ?=0.05 (p<0.05) as significant. Results: Article 1 - APN was shown to be expressed in 65% of IDC, 48% of DCIS and 12% of BE and AdipoR1 in 98%, 94% and 71%, respectively. All IDC and DCIS cases expressed AdipoR2 versus 81% of BE. In IDC and DCIS, an association between a higher level of APN expression and ER-negative tumors was observed. In DCIS, this association was also observed with PR-negative tumors. Article 2 - FABP4 protein expression was observed in epithelial tissue in 90% of CDI, 40% of DCIS and 28% of BE. Considering PF and DF, FABP4 expression had a higher level in BE than in IDC, a difference that was considered significant. In patients with IDC, FABP4 expression was higher when diagnosis was made in patients aged up to 50 years. In all cases, this marker was moderately to intensely expressed in the peri-epithelial and distant fat tissue. Conclusions: Discrepancies in protein expression of adiponectin and its receptors AdipoR1/R2 observed in different breast diagnoses suggest its participation in the complex etiologic mechanism of these different conditions. Our results indicate that there is a direct correlation between FABP4 protein expression, breast cancer and obesity
Doutorado
Oncologia Ginecológica e Mamária
Doutor em Ciências da Saúde

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Hopf, Lisa-Marie [Verfasser], Mathias [Akademischer Betreuer] Fasshauer, Jürgen [Gutachter] Kratzsch, and Tom [Gutachter] Lindner. "Regulation von Adipocyte fatty acid binding protein in Abhängigkeit der Nierenfunktion / Lisa-Marie Hopf ; Gutachter: Jürgen Kratzsch, Tom Lindner ; Betreuer: Mathias Fasshauer." Leipzig : Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1240395590/34.

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Dean, S. J. "An investigation in to the role of fatty acid binding protein-7, insulin like growth factor binding protein-2 and phosphatase and tensin homolog in triple negative breast cancer, in vitro and in vivo." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2014. http://eprints.uwe.ac.uk/23010/.

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Introduction Triple negative breast cancers are defined by their lack of expression of HER, oestrogen receptors and progesterone receptors. They account for around 10-24% of cases. To define a cancer by the biomarkers it does not express is unsatisfactory. Triple negative breast cancer has been linked to aspects of metabolism and metabolic disorders such as diabetes. There are several biomarkers that are of interest and overlap in both their roles in breast cancer and in aspects of metabolism. Fatty acid binding protein 7 (FABP7) is one of 9 FABPs that is involved in the transport, solubilisation and regulation of metabolism of various fatty acids. Expression profiling and immunohistochemistry (IHC) studies have identified FABP7 to be over-expressed in a subtype of breast cancer that can be considered almost synonymous with triple negative breast cancer; basal-like breast cancer, so called because it expresses cytokeratins that are characteristic of basal epithelial cells. The role of FABP7 in breast cancer is not fully understood and studies have given conflicting results in regards to the relation to prognosis. Evidence suggests that FABP7 can be regulated by methylation acetylation and exposure to fatty acids. Insulin like growth factor binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2) is a member of the IGF-axis that is responsible for altering cell growth and metabolism. IGFBP-2 has been found to be over-expressed in many cancers including those of the prostate and breast. Phosphotensin homolog (PTEN) is a tumour suppressor gene that is responsible for dephosphorylating PIP3 to inhibit the Akt pathway and thus inhibit cell growth and promote apoptosis. IGFBP-2 has IGF independent actions; it can down-regulate PTEN through binding of an integrin receptor and therefore have mitogenic and anti-apoptotic effects. Aims To study the expression of the metabolic biomarkers FABP7, IGFBP-2 and PTEN in clinical cases of Malaysian TN breast cancer. To use appropriate cell lines in order to more fully understand whether epigenetic mechanisms and FAs regulate FABP7 expression. To over-express FABP7 in a breast cancer cell lines and to further understand the role of FABP7 in breast cancer. Methods IHC was used to assess FABP7, PTEN and IGFBP-2 expression in a cohort of triple negative breast cancer cases. FAs, a demethylation agent-AZA and a histone deacetylase inhibitor-TSA were used to investigate what regulated FABP7 in cell lines. Over-expression experiments were used to understand the effect of FABP7 in breast cancer cell lines. Results FABP7 expression in patient samples was associated with lower grade, basal-like phenotype, FAS expression and although not significant, improved patient survival. Treatment of BT-20 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines with AZA and TSA resulted in increases in FABP7 mRNA expression. Fatty acid treatment led to changes in FABP7 mRNA expression. Combinations of AZA and fatty acids gave large increases in FABP7 mRNA expression. Over-expression of FABP7 in BT-20 cells resulted in increased cell viability and although not significant changes in expression of survivin, caspase 9 and their splice variants. IGFBP-2 expression was associated with poor patient survival though this was not significant. PTEN loss was a frequent event in the cohort of triple negative breast cancer cases; 48.3% of cases had PTEN loss. PTEN loss was associated with poor patient survival though this was not significant. PTEN loss was associated with expression of IGFBP-2. Discussion & Conclusions FABP7 is likely to play a role in patient survival as demonstrated in the patient samples. FABP7 over-expressing BT-20 cells tended to have increased survivin FL and ΔEX3 expression. Both increased mitochondrial activity and survivin expression have been found to be associated with improved prognosis in breast cancer and this may explain some mechanisms by which FABP7 results in better prognosis in the TN breast cancer cases in this study. Since FABP7 mRNA expression was not increased to fold changes comparable to oestrogen receptor re-expression after AZA and TSA treatment, it is unlikely that the FABP7 gene is methylated or regulated by acetylation. It is possible that there are genes upstream of FABP7 such as transcription factors that are regulated my methylation and acetylation and therefore impact on FABP7 expression after treatment with AZA and TSA. This is the first study that demonstrates the significant relationship between IGFBP-2 expression and PTEN loss in patient samples. PTEN loss is a frequent event in TN breast cancer. IGFBP-2 and PTEN loss may be useful markers of prognosis in TN breast cancer.

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Cañete, Carmenada L. "Distribution of FABP7 in Neural Tissue of Socially Defeated Adult Anolis Carolinensis." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2012. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/biology_theses/35.

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Due to its significance in many cellular functions, fatty acid binding protein 7 (FABP7) has become a rising topic of interest for many scientists. Immunocytochemistry was used to map the distribution of FABP7 and test whether the amount of FABP7 immunoreactivity (FABP7-IR) differed in animals that were defeated in a fight, as compared to control animals that did not engage in any social interaction. The male green anole was used as the subject because its natural tendency to establish social classes within its species provides an ideal model to observe for variation in FABP7-IR. The results showed FABP7-IR in cells and fibers of the cortex, hypothalamus, thalamus, medial preoptic area, dorsoventricular ridge, amygdala, suprachiasmatic nucleus, nucleus accumbens, nucleus rotundus, habenular area, tectum, dorsal noradrenergic and lateral forebrain bundles, and lining the third and lateral ventricles. Qualitative observation suggested higher FABP7 levels in socially defeated males than controls in all areas.

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Holle, Ann-Kathrin [Verfasser], and Stefan [Akademischer Betreuer] Blankenberg. "Klinische Evaluation des Heart Type Fatty Acid Binding Protein in der Diagnostik der frühen Phase des akuten Koronarsyndroms / Ann-Kathrin Holle. Betreuer: Stefan Blankenberg." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1049281543/34.

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Kops, Natália Luiza. "Consumo alimentar e perfil lipídico de pacientes candidatos à cirurgia bariátrica, portadores ou não do alelo Thr54 do gene Fatty Acid Binding Protein-2." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/143626.

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Silva, Aline Carolina Aleixo. "Padrões Diferenciais de Expressão Gênica no Desenvolvimento das Castas de Apis mellifera, com Ênfase na Diferenciação das Operárias." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17135/tde-19042013-162916/.

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Nas abelhas sociais Apis mellifera a determinação de castas está relacionada à nutrição diferencial durante o desenvolvimento larval. Os indivíduos são alimentados com geléia real até o terceiro estágio larval, quando aqueles que são destinados a se tornarem operárias passam a receber uma mistura de secreções glandulares, mel e pólen. O conteúdo da dieta recebida após o terceiro estágio larval ativará respostas endócrinas diferenciais que resultarão no estímulo de vias distintas de expressão gênica que culminarão no desenvolvimento de rainhas e operárias. Vários modelos de determinação de castas foram propostos envolvendo diferentes fatores que atuam sobre o desenvolvimento de cada uma, em especial o Hormônio Juvenil (HJ), as vias de sinalização por insulina/IGF e TOR (target of rapamycin) a metilação diferencial e a proteína recentemente descoberta, royalactin, que favorecem o desenvolvimento de rainhas. Para o desenvolvimento de operárias foi sugerido estímulo de outras vias de sinalização, que possivelmente envolveria a participação dos genes ultraspiracle (usp), cryptocephal (crc) e retinoid- and fatty acid-binding protein (RfaBp). Utilizando diferentes abordagens avaliamos a participação destes genes no processo que culmina no desenvolvimento das castas. Através da análise de expressão gênica em larga escala utilizando microarrays, observamos a existência de genes diferencialmente expressos em rainhas e operárias, sendo a maior que parte deles apresentou expressão preferencial em operárias. Muitos destes genes, inclusive esterase do hormônio juvenil (jhe), failed axon connections (fax), activating transcription factor-3 (atf-3), cathepsin-D (cath-D) e peptidoglycan recognition protein-SC2 (pgrp-sc2), preferencialmente expressos em operárias, estão envolvidos, segundo análises de função por Gene Ontology, em processos essenciais no desenvolvimento das castas como crescimento, reprodução, apoptose, neurogênese, degradação do hormônio juvenil, entre outros. A partir destes resultados, incluímos o gene da esterase do hormônio juvenil (jhe) em nossas análises, como um possível candidato a determinante do desenvolvimento diferencial das operárias. Além disto, foi determinado o perfil de expressão de usp, crc, RfaBp e jhe, durante o desenvolvimento de rainhas e operárias. Observamos que os maiores níveis de expressão de cada um são encontrados em fases posteriores ao período crítico de determinação de castas e que em geral, os maiores níveis de expressão são encontrados em operárias, especialmente crc, RfaBp e jhe. Para usp, os níveis são distintos em rainhas e operária apenas em pontos específicos entre o quinto estágio larval e a fase pré-pupal. Adicionalmente avaliamos a influência da diminuição, através de interferência por RNA (RNAi), dos níveis de expressão de cada um destes genes sobre os níveis dos outros genes estudados, e também sua atuação no desenvolvimento. Vimos que mesmo pequenas modificações nestes níveis inibem ou estimulam a expressão de outros genes e, em alguns casos causam alterações no desenvolvimento das abelhas. Sabendo da importância dos microRNAs (miRNAs) na regulação da expressão gênica e do desenvolvimento, avaliamos os níveis de expressão dos miRNAs preditos como reguladores de jhe. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que alguns deles, como let-7, miR-2796 e miR-263b, por apresentarem correlação negativa com os níveis do gene alvo, são realmente fortes candidatos a seus reguladores. Além disto, alterações nos níveis do gene alvo, mostraram a capacidade de alterar os níveis de expressão da maioria dos miRNAs preditos. Este resultado foi corroborado por sequenciamento em larga escala das amostras tratadas com dsjhe e controle, que apontou também outros possíveis reguladores de jhe, entre eles miR-100, miR-306 e mi-13b. Analisando os resultados obtidos de forma conjunta podemos sugerir que o desenvolvimento de operárias está sob complexa regulação que envolve a participação dos genes aqui estudados, além de outros fatores como os miRNAs. Estes genes agem de maneira coordenada, inclusive com os miRNAs, em momentos específicos do desenvolvimento atuando sobre cascatas de expressão gênica de forma a ativar ou inibir a expressão uns dos outros e também de outros genes, o que culminará no desenvolvimento diferencial de rainhas e operárias em A. mellifera.
In Apis mellifera, a eusocial bee, caste determination during larval development is regulated by differential nutrition. All female larvae are fed royal jelly until the third larval stage, when the workerdestined ones have their diet switched to a gland secretion mix, honey and pollen, Queen-destined larvae, however, are provisioned with a rich diet throughout development. Changes in diet after the third developmental stage modulate larval endocrine responses and different nutritional regimes trigger distinct patterns of gene expression. Thus, nutritional regulation of specific signaling pathways controls development of worker and queen phenotypes. Several proposed models of this process involve caste-specific regulation of hormonal and nutritional factors and/or molecular processes including Juvenile Hormone (JH), insulin/IGF and TOR (target of rapamycin) signaling pathways, differential methylation and the newly discovered protein royalactin, which facilitates queen development. Previous research has also suggested the stimulus of other factors in signaling pathways that acts towards workers development, and they possibly involves the participation of some genes like ultraspiracle (usp), cryptocephal (crc), and retinoid- and fatty acid-binding protein (RfaBp). Using diverse molecular approaches, we evaluate the role of these genes in caste differentiation. We used microarrays to characterize global differences in gene expression between queen and worker larvae. Functional analysis of significantly, differentially expressed genes identified fundamental biological processes including growth, reproduction, apoptosis, neurogenesis and JH degradation that are involved in caste differentiation. Based on these findings, we selected several candidate genes including juvenile hormone esterase (jhe), failed axon connections (fax), activating transcription factor-3 (atf-3), cathepsin-D (cath-D), and peptidoglycan recognition protein-SC2 (pgrp-sc2) for investigation. Notably, these genes were preferentially upregulated in workers. In a separate experiment, we monitored expression of usp, crc, RfaBp and jhe, in queen and worker larval during stages critical to caste determination. In general, workers expressed crc, RfaBp and jhe at higher levels than queens. For usp, distinct expression levels between worker- and queen-destined larvae were observed only at specific points between the 5th larval stage and pre-pupal phase. Additionally we used RNA interference (RNAi) to monitor the impact of decreased levels of select candidate genes on larval development. We found that even small modification of gene expression levels inhibited or triggered expression of other genes, and, in some cases, caused developmental alterations. Furthermore, microRNAs (miRNAs) are also important regulators of gene expression during development and we identified miRNAs that were predicted jhe regulators and assessed their levels. Results determined that some miRNAs including let-7, miR-2796 e miR-263b were strong candidates for jhe regulation because they were significantly and negatively correlated with target gene expression levels. Furthermore, manipulation of target gene expression levels altered expression of most predicted miRNAs. These results were confirmed by deep sequencing of RNAi samples treated with double-stranded RNA for jhe gene (dsjhe) and controls (with no treatment) which also identified other candidate jhe regulators, like miR-100, miR-306 and mi-13b. Taken together, these results suggest that worker development is regulated by complex interactions that involve usp, crc, RfaBp and jhe in addition to other molecules, including miRNAs. These molecular participants coordinate development at specific time points by regulating activity of gene networks and each other, producing the differential development of workers and queens in A. mellifera.

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Tengler, Jennifer [Verfasser], and Rainer G. [Gutachter] Leyh. "Die Bedeutung von Heart-type fatty acid binding protein als prädiktiver Faktor für postoperative Komplikationen nach kardiochirurgischen Eingriffen / Jennifer Tengler [geb. Peltz]. Gutachter: Rainer G. Leyh." Würzburg : Universität Würzburg, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1112041354/34.

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Almashali, Malak Ataaalah. "Expediting the confirmation of acute myocardial infarction with point of care troponin and heart fatty acid binding protein testing to facilitate early intervention in emergency department." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2018. http://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/621967/.

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Cardiac troponin is the reference standard biomarker for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). In the appropriate clinical context, the detection of a rise and/or fall of cardiac troponin is highly sensitive and specific for this diagnosis. However, troponin testing has two key limitations. First, as levels in serum or plasma can take several hours to rise, the diagnostic sensitivity of troponin testing is insufficient to allow acute coronary syndromes to be safely 'ruled out' and serial testing remains necessary. Second, because of the need to detect a rise and/or fall of troponin, serial testing is essential to differentiate chronic troponin elevations from those related to AMI. As a result, international guidance currently recommends serial testing over 6-12 hours. Recent evidence suggests that, with contemporary sensitive troponin assays, AMI can often be 'ruled out' and/or 'ruled in' with serial testing over as little as 1 to 3 hours However, as the turnaround time of laboratory-based testing is typically 1-2 hours, these results may still be unavailable at the time key decisions about initial treatment and patient disposition are made in the Emergency Department (ED). Point of care troponin (POCT) testing at the patient's bedside has a shorter turnaround time than laboratory-based assays and eliminates the need to transport the sample to a central laboratory. When patient pathways are appropriately designed to accommodate point of care testing, key management decisions may be expedited, potentially reducing ED length of stay. If the accuracy and safety of rapid diagnostic strategies using point of care troponin testing over 3 hours can be demonstrated, there are tremendous potential benefits for ED throughput, healthcare resource use and for patients (both in terms of receiving appropriate reassurance with avoidance of hospital admission and receiving appropriate early treatment for acute coronary syndromes). In this study, we will evaluate several promising strategies that may enable clinicians to make accurate diagnoses based on information available in the ED and a single blood test for cardiac markers at the POC. During the study period of February 2015 to March 2017 there were 1,613 patients enrolled. Of this cohort, some patients were excluded for missing i-Stat on arrival, and the patients who did not have an ECG recorded were excluded. This left 733 patients in the final group for analysis consisting of 457 men (62.3%) and 276 women (37.7%). The mean age was 58 years (standard deviation 16). In a pragmatic study we determined the interobserver reliability of Heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (h-FABP) the absolute agreement between investigators was 93.0% with a kappa of 0.81 (95% CI 0.6-1.0), indicating near perfect agreement. In total there were three (7.0%) disagreements. The diagnostic accuracy of POC h-FABP lateral flow immunoassay (True Rapid, FABPulous BV) device for diagnosing or excluding AMI using a single test at the time of patient presentation to the ED and three hours later has been evaluated, the sensitivity and NPV to rule out AMI were 48.24% (95%CI: 37.26% to 59.34%) and 92.48 % (95%CI: 90.91% to 93.80%) respectively. While Specificity and PPV were 89.27 % (95%CI: 86.53%to 91.62%) and 38.68% (95%CI: 31.45% to 46.44%) respectively. However, this strategy would allow 85 % of patients to be discharged (rule out percentage). The diagnostic accuracy of a contemporary POC cTn assay used on arrival and 3 hours later in patients with suspected ACS, at the conventional 99th percentile and novel LoD cut-offs was also evaluated. Finally, we were validated the T-MACS with a contemporary POC cTn assay (i-Stat, Abbott Point of Care, New Jersey) in order to investigate the clinical diagnostic accuracy of i-Stat device to rule out AMI in EDs. By setting the cut off levels of POC at 10ng/ml and functional sensitivity at 10% CV, the T-MACS rule has successfully 'ruled out' > 41.8% of patients with suspected cardiac chest pain following a single blood test, with a sensitivity of 97.4% (90.8 - 99.7%) and NPV of 99.3% (97.1 - 99.8%), in a very short turnaround time of 5-10 minutes. On the other hand T-MACS has risk stratified the patients who were at high risk to have AMI with a specificity of 93.56% (91.27% to 95.40%) and a PPV of 50.00% (42.08% to 57.92%). To our knowledge, this is the first successful validation of a single test 'rule out strategy' using a POC cTn assay. With a 5-10 minute turnaround time, this assay could help to unburden crowded EDs by enabling almost immediate reassurance and discharge for >40% of patients with suspected cardiac chest pain.

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Tranchant, Thierry. "Caracterisation et etude fonctionnelle de la fabp (fatty acid binding protein) membranaire des cellules caco-2 en culture. Effets des acides gras polyinsatures a longue chaine." Tours, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOUR3302.

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Willner, Markus Verfasser], Brit [Akademischer Betreuer] Mollenhauer, Inga [Gutachter] [Zerr, and Martin [Gutachter] Oppermann. "Heart-Fatty Acid Binding Protein und α-Synuklein im Serum als mögliche Markerkandidaten für Parkinson und Demenz / Markus Willner ; Gutachter: Inga Zerr, Martin Oppermann ; Betreuer: Brit Mollenhauer." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1154590046/34.

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Berner, Maik [Verfasser], Claudia [Akademischer Betreuer] Dellas, and Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Kriebel. "Der Stellenwert von Heart-type Fatty-Acid Binding Protein bei der Risikostratifizierung normotensiver Patienten mit einer akuten Lungenarterienembolie / Maik Berner. Gutachter: Claudia Dellas ; Thomas Kriebel. Betreuer: Claudia Dellas." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1044051531/34.

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Viswanathan, Karthik. "The clinical utility of the measurement of heart-type fatty acid binding protein and other novel markers in the risk stratification of patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.540586.

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Berner, Maik Verfasser], Claudia [Akademischer Betreuer] [Dellas, and Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Kriebel. "Der Stellenwert von Heart-type Fatty-Acid Binding Protein bei der Risikostratifizierung normotensiver Patienten mit einer akuten Lungenarterienembolie / Maik Berner. Gutachter: Claudia Dellas ; Thomas Kriebel. Betreuer: Claudia Dellas." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:7-webdoc-2992-3.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'H-Fatty Acid Binding Protein'

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