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Baranowski, Tom, Tzu-An Chen, Teresia M. O’Connor, et al. "Predicting habits of vegetable parenting practices to facilitate the design of change programmes." Public Health Nutrition 19, no. 11 (2015): 1976–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980015003432.
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AbstractObjectiveHabit has been defined as the automatic performance of a usual behaviour. The present paper reports the relationships of variables from a Model of Goal Directed Behavior to four scales in regard to parents’ habits when feeding their children: habit of (i) actively involving child in selection of vegetables; (ii) maintaining a positive vegetable environment; (iii) positive communications about vegetables; and (iv) controlling vegetable practices. We tested the hypothesis that the primary predictor of each habit variable would be the measure of the corresponding parenting practice.DesignInternet survey data from a mostly female sample. Primary analyses employed regression modelling with backward deletion, controlling for demographics and parenting practices behaviour.SettingHouston, Texas, USA.SubjectsParents of 307 pre-school (3–5-year-old) children.ResultsThree of the four models accounted for about 50 % of the variance in the parenting practices habit scales. Each habit scale was primarily predicted by the corresponding parenting practices scale (suggesting validity). The habit of active child involvement in vegetable selection was also most strongly predicted by two barriers and rudimentary self-efficacy; the habit of maintaining a positive vegetable environment by one barrier; the habit of maintaining positive communications about vegetables by an emotional scale; and the habit of controlling vegetable practices by a perceived behavioural control scale.ConclusionsThe predictiveness of the psychosocial variables beyond parenting practices behaviour was modest. Discontinuing the habit of ineffective controlling parenting practices may require increasing the parent’s perceived control of parenting practices, perhaps through simulated parent–child interactions.
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Wood, Wendy, and David T. Neal. "Healthy through habit: Interventions for initiating & maintaining health behavior change." Behavioral Science & Policy 2, no. 1 (2016): 71–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bsp.2016.0008.
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Woodfield, D. R., J. R. Caradus, G. R. Cousins, and T. Dunn. "Response to selection for increased taproot diameter." NZGA: Research and Practice Series 6 (January 1, 1996): 141–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/rps.6.1995.3354.
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Increased taproot diameter is an important component in maintaining white clover (Trifolium repens L.) growth, nitrogen fixation and persistence during short-term moisture stress. Previous reports indicated selection for large taproot diameter would result in commensurate increases in leaf size and poorer growth habit. The current research investigates the response to selection for taproot diameter and the association between taproot diameter and leaf size in large-leaved clovers suited to dairy grazing systems. Taproot diameter increased by 2.4% per cycle while leaf size and growth habit were not significantly altered. Furthermore, while taproot diameter did not increase between cycle 2 and 3, the root index which measures the ratio of taproot diameter to leaf size increased linearly across all three cycles. These results suggest it is possible to select white clovers for dairying which have larger taproot diameter while maintaining a suitable growth habit. Keywords: dairying, drought, genetic improvement, root morphology, Trifolium repens L., white clover,
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Ji, Fengyi, and Shangyi Zhou. "Dwelling Is a Key Idea in Traditional Residential Architecture’s Sustainability: A Case Study at Yangwan Village in Suzhou, China." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (2021): 6492. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13116492.
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Previous studies have failed to grasp the essence of traditional building habits responding to natural challenges. Therefore, contradictions arise between unified regulations protecting traditional residential architecture proposed by experts and the diverse construction transformation performed by locals. To resolve these contradictions, fieldwork was conducted in Yangwan, a famous village in South China. The traditional residential architectural characteristics in three periods were obtained and compared. Peirce’s interpretation of the three natures of habit and Heidegger’s dwelling help determine the essence of building habits. The logic in traditional residential architecture is analysed through the “four-layer integrated into one” framework (including the natural environment, livelihood form, institution and ideology), yielding the following results. (1) The characteristics of the residential architectural form change with local livelihood form, institution and ideology. Nevertheless, the process by which local residents think, judge and respond to natural challenges remains unchanged (Thirdness of Habit), forming the core of dwelling. (2) The characteristics of the architectural form are determined by the causal chain of “four-layer integrated into one”. Stable causal chains are formed by the Thirdness of Habit, which represents people’s initiative in addressing natural challenges. Therefore, the protection of traditional residential architecture should centre on dwelling and people’s agency in response to the natural environment rather than on maintaining a unified physical form.
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Silk, Wendy K., and N. Michele Holbrook. "The importance of frictional interactions in maintaining the stability of the twining habit." American Journal of Botany 92, no. 11 (2005): 1820–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3732/ajb.92.11.1820.
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Applonia, Applonia, Bambang Priyono, and Niken Widyanti. "Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Perilaku Pemeliharaan Kebersihan gigi dan Mulut Ibu Hamil di Puskesmas Kabupaten Kupang." Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia 21, no. 1 (2014): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/majkedgiind.8465.
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Pada masa kehamilan, rongga mulut mudah mengalami peradangan karena adanya perubahan hormonal yang menyebabkan gingiva menjadi sensitif bila kesehatan mulut tidak terjaga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor – faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku pemeliharaan kebersihan gigi dan mulut ibu hamil di Puskesmas Kabupaten Kupang. Penelitian observasional analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional dilakukan dengan mengambil subyek penelitian 97 ibu hamil. Variabel bebas terdiri dari pengetahuan, sikap, dan kebiasaan menginang sedangkan variabel terikat terdiri dari perilaku pemeliharaan kebersihan gigi dan mulut ibu hamil. Alat ukur penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner yang disusun dengan metode Likert untuk mengukur variabel sikap dan perilaku pemeliharaan kebersihan gigi dan mulut ibu hamil. Kuesioner dengan dua pilihan (benar atau tidak benar) untuk mengukur variabel pengetahuan serta kuesioner pilihan ganda untuk mengukur variabel kebiasaan menginang. Kuesioner tersebut telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitas. Analisis data menggunakan uji korelasi product moment dan regresi berganda pada tingkat signifikan α< 0,05. Hasil analisis regresi berganda menunjukkan variabel pengetahuan, sikap, dan kebiasaan menginang, berkolerasi secara signifikan dengan perilaku pemeliharaan kebersihan gigi dan mulut (F = 21,890, p= 0,000). Ketiga variabel tersebut secara bersama – sama memberikan kontribusi sebesar 41,6%. Pengetahuan memberikan pengaruh paling besar terhadap perilaku pemeliharaan kebersihan gigi dan mulut. Semakin baik pengetahuan dan sikap terhadap pemeliharaan kebersihan gigi dan mulut, dan semakin kurang frekuensi menginang, semakin baik frekuensi kebersihan gigi dan mulut ibu hamil.Factors Affecting Oral And Dental Hygiene Maintaining Behaviour Of The Pregnant Women In Public Health Centre Of Kupang Regency. During pregnancy, woman’s oral cavity becomes inflamed easily due to hormonal changes so that gingiva becomes sensitive if the oral hygiene is not well maintained. The purpose of this study is to examine factors that influence the oral and dental hygiene maintaining behavior of pregnant women at Public Health Centre of Kupang Regency. An observational analytical study with cross sectional design was conducted on 97 pregnant women as the subject research. Independent variables were knowledge, attitude and betel chewing habit, and dependant variables were oral and dental hygiene maintaining behavior of pregnant women. Variables of attitude, oral and dental hygiene maintaining behavior of the pregnant women was assed using questionnaire with Likert Scale method. Questionnaire with two options (true and false) was used to measure knowledge variable, and multiple choice questionnaires were used to measure betel chewing habitvariable. Questionnaire was tested its validity and reliability. The data were analyzed using the multiple regression analysis at the significant rate α< 0,05. The result of multiple regression analysis showed that knowledge, attitude and betel chewing habit correlated very significantly on oral and dental hygiene maintaining behavior (F = 22.052, p = 0.000.), and those three variables gave collectively contributionof 41.6% on oral and dental hygiene maintaining behavior, while betel chewing habit correlated negatively on oral and dental hygiene maintaining behavior. Knowledge variable gave the greatest contribution on the oral and dental hygiene maintaining behavior. The better knowledge and attitude on oral and dental hygiene maintaining behavior and the less frequent betel chewing habit were, the better the oral and dental hygiene maintaining behavior will be.
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Davis, Clayton R. "Maintaining immediate posterior disclusion on an occlusal splint for patient with severe bruxism habit." Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 75, no. 3 (1996): 338–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3913(96)90495-3.
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Nengsih, Dwi Septia, Sigit Ari Saputro, and Khuliyah Candraning Diyanah. "PREVALENSI GIARDIASIS DAN KONDISI HYGIENE PERORANGAN PADA MURID PAUD DI KB-TK AL AMIN PACIRAN LAMONGAN." JURNAL EKOLOGI KESEHATAN 19, no. 2 (2020): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.22435/jek.v19i2.2893.
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ABSTRACT
 Small intestine infection caused by Giardia lamblia (giardiasis) occurs mostly in children living in developing country with poor sanitation. This study aims to determine the risk of giardiasis and personal hygiene conditions in pre-school students at KB-TK Al Amin Paciran Lamongan aged 2-6 years. Number of samples were 61 students, the dependent variable was the incidence of giardiasis, and independent variable was personal hygiene including nail hygiene, hand washing habit, footwear habit, and defecating habits. The result showed that 5 out of 61 students (8,2%) were infected with Giardia lamblia. All children (100%) with giardiasis had poor nail hygiene, footwear habit, and defecating habit. As many as 80% of students with giardiasis have poor handwashing habits. Students with poor footwear habit (OR=43,71; 95% CI 3,98-2046,9); open defecation habits (OR=13,33; 95% CI 1,40-628,05); poor nail hygiene (OR=12,31; 95% CI 1,29-580,49); poor hand washing habits (OR=5,73; 95% CI 0,5-290,96) had a greater risk of developing giardiasis. Supervision and healthy behavior are highly recommended, including using footwear when playing on the ground, defecating in the latrine, maintaining nail hygiene, and washing hands with soap before eating or after defecating. 
 Keywords: Prevalence, giardiasis, personal hygiene, pre-school students
 
 ABSTRAK
 Infeksi usus halus disebabkan oleh Giardia lamblia (giardiasis) banyak terjadi pada anak-anak yang tinggal di negara berkembang dengan tingkat sanitasi buruk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui risiko terjadinya giardiasis dan kondisi hygiene perorangan pada murid PAUD di KB-TK Al Amin Paciran Lamongan usia 2-6 tahun. Jumlah sampel adalah 61 murid, variabel dependen adalah kejadian giardiasis, dan variabel independen adalah hygiene perorangan meliputi kebersihan kuku, kebiasaan mencuci tangan, kebiasaan menggunakan alas kaki, dan kebiasaan buang air besar (BAB). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 5 dari 61 murid (8,2%) terinfeksi Giardia lamblia. Seluruh murid (100%) dengan giardiasis mempunyai kebersihan kuku, kebiasaan menggunakan alas kaki dan kebiasaan BAB yang kurang baik. Sebanyak 80% murid dengan giardiasis mempunyai kebiasaan mencuci tangan yang kurang baik. Murid dengan kebiasaan menggunakan alas kaki kurang baik (OR=43,71; 95% CI 3,98–2046,9); kebiasaan BAB sembarangan (OR=13,33; 95% CI 1,40–628,05); kebersihan kuku kurang baik (OR=12,31; 95% CI 1,29-580,49); kebiasaan mencuci tangan yang kurang baik (OR=5,73; 95% CI 0,5–290,96) mempunyai risiko lebih besar terkena giardiasis. Pengawasan dan berperilaku hidup sehat sangat dianjurkan antara lain menggunakan alas kaki ketika bermain di tanah, membiasakan BAB di jamban, menjaga kebersihan kuku, dan mencuci tangan dengan sabun sebelum makan atau setelah buang air besar.
 Kata kunci: Prevalensi, giardiasis, hygiene perorangan, murid PAUD
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Simaremare, Rosdiana Tiurlan. "GAMBARAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN IBU- IBU YANG MEMILIKI KEBIASAAN MEROKOK TENTANG KESEHATAN GIGI DAN MULUT TERHADAP OHI-S DI KELURAHAN TANAH MERAH KECAMATAN BINJAI SELATAN." Jurnal Ilmiah PANNMED (Pharmacist, Analyst, Nurse, Nutrition, Midwivery, Environment, Dentist) 12, no. 2 (2018): 133–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.36911/pannmed.v12i2.15.
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Smoking habits can cause poor dental and oral. The knowledge of the mothers about oral and dental health is in low level, it is proven by the poor awareness of the mothers in maintaining their oral and dental hygiene. This study is descriptive research and it is to find out the description of the knowledge level of the mothers having smoking habit about dental and mouth health toward OHI-S in Tanah Merah, South Binjai sub-district. This study is conducted in survey method where the number of the samples is 25 people. The result of the research showed the knowledge level of the smoking mothers about dental and mouth health toward OHI-S in Tanah Merah, South Binjai sub –district that is as follow : 9 people (36%) are in good category, 16 people (64 %) are in moderate category and the OHI-S average is 3.4 which is in poor criteria. The conclusion of this research is that the knowledge level of the smoking mothers is in medium category, but the action of maintaining the dental and mouth hygiene is in poor category.
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White, Jo, and Ruth Sims. "Improving Equine Welfare through Human Habit Formation." Animals 11, no. 8 (2021): 2156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11082156.
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This paper explores the potential for interventions to develop pro-animal welfare habitual behaviours (PAWHBs) in people to improve the lives of animals. Human behavioural research indicates that opportunities exist to deliver lasting change through developing positive habitual behaviours. The routine nature of many equine care and management practices lends itself to habit formation and maintenance. This proof-of-concept paper aims to evaluate a theory-based intervention of developing and maintaining a PAWHB in people caring for equines. Qualitative research methods were used. A 30 day PAWHB intervention (PAWHBInt) of providing enrichment to an equine by scratching them in a consistent context linked to an existing routine behaviour was undertaken. Participants (n = 9) then engaged in semi-structured interviews that were analysed using thematic analysis, where the participants self-reported the outcomes they observed during the intervention. The study findings suggest that the PAWHBInt had a positive impact on human behaviour and habit formation. The research helps to address the dearth of evidence regarding the application of habit theory to equine welfare interventions and emphasised linking a desired new behaviour to an existing routine behaviour when developing PAWHBs. The research also highlights the role of mutual benefit for human and equine, and emotion in providing feedback and potential reward, supporting the link to the cue-routine-reward principle of habit theory.
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Kandel, Nirmal, and Jaya Lamichhane. "Strategy of Making Hand Washing a Routine Habit: Principles of 5Es and 3Rs." Journal of Nepal Medical Association 55, no. 203 (2016): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.31729/jnma.2693.
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Regular hand washing habit has potential to reduce morbidity and mortality due to diseases and improves child development and reduces absenteeism of children, teachers and workforce. Improving hand washing behavior is more cost effective than improving clean water and sanitation infrastructure. There are numbers of initiatives and interventions in place, which have gained momentum with key messages of a call to action with increasing investment in schools, engaging policy makers and demonstration them with evidence. However, change in behavior as a routine habit has not reached to an optimum level and requires institutionalizing hand washing practices in schools, from schools and by schools and develop it as a curriculum. Therefore, we are purposing principles of 5Es and 3Rs – a strategy to make hand washing a routine habit. These 5E principles are: i) Embedding in a system, ii) Enabling Environment, iii) Eliminating Friction, iv) Encouraging all, and v) Establishing intervention and 3Rs are practicing them Religiously, Routinely and Repeatedly.Numbers of interventions have well demonstrated that hand hygiene educational interventionscan help maintaining good practices. Finally, if schools and community start doing today, we canobserve behavioral change practices for hand washing as a routine habit by at least 10 years after.Keywords: Hand washing, Routine Habit, Principles of 5Es and 3Rs, Educational Interventions, School. | PubMed
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Kaushal, Navin, Marie Payer, Béatrice Bérubé, Martin Juneau, and Louis Bherer. "Facilitating Exercise Habit Formation among Cardiac Rehabilitation Patients: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 12 (2021): 6440. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18126440.
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Background: The importance of promoting exercise adherence among individuals with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is imperative. However, challenges in maintaining behavior among ACS patients are also well-documented. Emerging findings in the general population have supported the use of habit-formation techniques, which include incorporating routine consistency and cues, to be effective for facilitating exercise behavior. The effectiveness of habit formation approaches, however, has not been tested on participants with ACS. The purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness of facilitating physical activity habits among patients with ACS in a two-arm, parallel design, randomized controlled pilot trial. Methods: Participants (n = 13) were older adult patients (M age = 64.20, SD = 5.35) with ACS who were referred to a cardiac rehabilitation center. The experimental group attended monthly group meetings from months 1–3 and received phone call follow-ups from months 4–6. Conclusions: The experimental group showed an increase in weekly moderate-to-vigorous level physical activity, M = 228.20 mins (SD = 112.45), compared with the control group, M = 151.17 (SD = 112.22), d = 0.61. The experimental condition also showed greater use of routine consistency (experimental: M = 4.60 (SD = 0.548); control: M = 3.76 (SD = 1.62)) and cue usage (experimental: M = 3.60 (SD = 0.471); control: M= 2.60 (SD = 0.398)) over the control condition at the six-month mark. The study supports the effectiveness of habit-building techniques among patients with ACS, with effect sizes ranging from a medium to large magnitude. Findings from this pilot study support a full clinical trial with larger sample size.
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Hashimoto, Yoshitaka, Ayumi Kaji, Ryosuke Sakai, et al. "Effect of Exercise Habit on Skeletal Muscle Mass Varies with Protein Intake in Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Retrospective Cohort Study." Nutrients 12, no. 10 (2020): 3220. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12103220.
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Exercise has been reported to be effective in maintaining and recovering muscle; however, the effect of exercise combined with adequate or inadequate protein intake on muscle mass is not clear. Therefore, this study investigates the effect of exercise habit on changes in muscle mass, with adequate or inadequate protein intake. This retrospective cohort study included 214 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. The rate of skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) change (%) was defined as ((SMI at follow-up minus SMI at baseline)/(follow-up years [kg/m2/year] × SMI at baseline [kg/m2])) × 100. Adequate protein intake was defined as protein intake ≥1.2 g/kg ideal body weight/day. During a mean follow-up duration of 18.0 (7.1) months, the rate of SMI change was −1.14 (4.10)% in the whole sample. The rate of SMI change of non-habitual exercisers with inadequate protein intake, habitual exercisers with inadequate protein intake, non-habitual exercisers with adequate protein intake, and habitual exercisers with adequate protein intake was −1.22 (3.71), −2.31 (3.30), −1.88 (4.62), and 0.36 (4.29)%, respectively. Compared with patients with exercise habit and adequate protein intake, the odds ratio for decreasing SMI was 2.50 (0.90–6.90, p = 0.078) in patients with no exercise habit and inadequate protein intake, 3.58 (1.24–10.4, p = 0.019) in those with exercise habit and inadequate protein intake, and 3.03 (1.27–7.22, p = 0.012) in those with no exercise habit and adequate protein intake, after adjusting for covariates. Therefore, exercise habit without adequate protein intake was associated with an increased risk of decreasing SMI compared with exercise habit with adequate protein intake.
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Abdul Syatar, Abdul Syatar, Muhammad Majdy Amiruddin, Arif Rahman, and Islamul Haq. "Darurat Moderasi Beragama Di Tengah Pandemi Corona Virus Desease 2019 (Covid-19)." KURIOSITAS: Media Komunikasi Sosial dan Keagamaan 13, no. 1 (2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.35905/kur.v13i1.1376.
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Abstract
 The purpose of this article is to elaborate on the essence of maintaining religious moderation amid the covid pandemic 19. The social-religious approach was conducted by observing the facts that occur in society. The result indicates that moderate priorities in religion during the covid pandemic 19 became a necessity. Consequently, maintaining personal safety and the wider community should become a priority due to the absence of alternative rather than forcing the will to carry out worship in the mosque or in certain places. Islamic law provides rukhsah when the ummah is not in proper conditions to do such rituals like praying in the mosque. On the other hand, people are required to better understand fiqh in the pandemic of Covid 19 by not leaving conventional fiqh. Adapting the religious moderation during or after the covid pandemic 19 becomes a necessity, especially relations between humans by avoiding and blocking the transmission of the virus in various ways. Acceptance of the new habit caused by covid 19 from various aspects, especially the worship habits of the people should be considered. The principle of avoiding harm is more important than carrying out benefits is one of the ways in Islam to maintain religious moderation.
 Keywords: Religious Moderation; Pandemic; Corona Virus; Covid 19
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Sulia, Kara J., Hugh Morrison, and Jerry Y. Harrington. "Dynamical and Microphysical Evolution during Mixed-Phase Cloud Glaciation Simulated Using the Bulk Adaptive Habit Prediction Model." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 71, no. 11 (2014): 4158–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-14-0070.1.
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Abstract A bulk microphysics scheme predicting ice particle habit evolution has been implemented in the Weather Research and Forecasting Model. Large-eddy simulations are analyzed to study the effects of ice habit and number concentration on the bulk ice and liquid masses, dynamics, and lifetime of Arctic mixed-phase boundary layer clouds. The microphysical and dynamical evolution simulated using the adaptive habit scheme is compared with that assuming spherical particles with a density of bulk ice or a reduced density and with mass–dimensional parameterizations. It is found that the adaptive habit method returns an increased (decreased) ice (liquid) mass as compared to spheres and provides a more accurate simulation as compared to dendrite mass–size relations. Using the adaptive habit method, simulations are then completed to understand the microphysical and dynamical interactions within a single-layer mixed-phase stratocumulus cloud observed during flight 31 of the Indirect and Semi-Direct Aerosol Campaign. With cloud-top longwave radiative cooling as a function of liquid mass acting as the primary dynamic driver of turbulent eddies within these clouds, the consumption of liquid at the expense of ice growth and subsequent sedimentation holds a strong control on the cloud lifetime. Ice concentrations ≥ 4 L−1 collapse the liquid layer without any external maintaining sources. Layer maintenance is possible at 4 L−1 when a constant cloud-top cooling rate or the water mass lost due to sedimentation is supplied. Larger concentrations require a more substantial source of latent or sensible heat for mixed-phase persistence.
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Ria Ramadhani Dwi Atmaja, Riskiyana, Alif Firman Firdausy, Syanindita Puspa Wardhani, and Yuyun Yueniwati. "Socialization of 5M implementation and independent isolation for patients with Covid-19 based on online media for the residents of Semanding Hamlet, Sumbersekar Village, Malang Regency." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 10, no. 1 (2021): 115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2021.10.1.0146.
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Corona virus disease has spread to almost every country in the world and has become a global pandemic. Behavior change expected from communities is focused on increasing compliance with the Covid-19 preventive health protocol during the pandemic which is called new habit adaptation (IMR). IMR is our way of adapting by changing new behaviors, lifestyles, and habits in our daily activities. The new habit is implementing the 3M health protocol (wearing masks, washing hands with soap and running water, and maintaining a safe distance) so that we can remain productive without contracting Covid-19. Therefore, it is very important to carry out 5M socialization and independent isolation for patients suffering from Covid-19 in an effort to prevent the transmission and to handle Covid-19 in Semanding Hamlet, Sumbersekar Village, Malang Regency. Education program delivered using lecture method and utilizing media in the form of educational videos increases the understanding and knowledge of Semanding Hamlet residents. This type of education program can stimulate thoughts, feeling, attention, creativity, and innovation, and also provide direct experience to the audiences. But the audiences’ knowledge is affected by their education level and it has been shown when they were asked to choose those multiple choices about Covid-19 protocol that might be harder than to choose the best one on a dichotomous statement. On the other side, the audiences almost had done for all the Covid-19 protocols in daily acitivities but they still leave the house for some necessities.
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Rahmawati, Heni, Anjar Wijiatmiko, Novia Indrianingsih, and Rokhmaniyah Rokhmaniyah. "HABITUATION TO SIGNING CHILDREN'S SONGS TO EMBED CHARACTER VALUES IN LOW GRADE STUDENTS OF SDN 1 DEPOKREJO." Social, Humanities, and Educational Studies (SHEs): Conference Series 1, no. 2 (2019): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/shes.v1i2.26846.
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<em>Children's songs contain many character values. So that the character values contained in these songs can be measured in the souls of children, it is necessary to spread the habit of singing children's songs. Research activities need to be carried out in order to find out ways and activities of habituation to sing children's songs in instilling character values. The approach taken in this study is qualitative research with low-grade students at Depokrejo 1 Elementary School. Primary data sources are obtained by interviewing teachers and direct observation. To maintain the validity of the data, this study uses a triangulation method. The results showed that the habit of singing children's songs to low-grade students at Depokrejo 1 Elementary School was successful and could make students better than before, for example more fellow friends, forgiveness, courtesy, maintaining cleanliness, and so on.</em>
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Coleman, Rebecca. "Habit, Temporality and the Body as Movement: ‘5:2 your life’." Somatechnics 4, no. 1 (2014): 76–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/soma.2014.0113.
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This article explores the 5:2 dietary plan in terms of the relationship between habit, temporality and matter through a focus on the somatechnics of the body in movement. It makes links between some of the recent work on the body and habit which suggests, broadly speaking, that habit is an important way of understanding the body, the social and the temporal, and recent work on the body and animation and automation. This latter set of literature explores how animation, traditionally the preserve of the human, is now also a capacity of non-human entities or technologies and, as such, raises questions as to whether the dichotomies of human/non-human, bodies/technologies and nature/culture can hold. The article examines how a prevalent framing of the blurring of the distinction between animation and automation is to see various technologies as ‘creeping’ into the realm of the body, threatening to turn humans into automations. However, through a focus on critical arguments about the impossibility of maintaining dichotomies, it argues that the 5:2 plan can be understood to emerge from an awareness of, and as a response to, a temporally and socially specific configuration of nature and culture, bodies and technologies, and animation and automation.
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Anshel, Mark H. "The Disconnected Values Model: Intervention Strategies for Exercise Behavior Change." Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology 2, no. 4 (2008): 357–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jcsp.2.4.357.
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This article proposes a new approach to health behavior change, the disconnected values (intervention) model (DVM). The DVM consists of predetermined cognitive-behavioral strategies for initiating and maintaining changes in health behavior, such as the implementation of an exercise program. The model consists of helping clients (a) examine the benefits, in contrast to the costs and long-term consequences, of the habit they most want to change; (b) identify their deepest values and beliefs (e.g., health, family, faith, integrity); (c) detect a “disconnect” between the negative habit and the identified values; and (d) conclude whether the disconnect is acceptable, given its costs and long-term consequences. The client’s conclusion that the disconnect is unacceptable creates incentive and commitment for health behavior change. The theoretical foundations of the DVM are explained, and its specific application for exercise behavior change is described. Three outcome studies also are reported, as well as a brief case study. Implications for practitioners and suggestions for future research are provided.
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Widayati, Nur. "Factors associated with dental caries in children aged 4-6 years old." Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi 2, no. 2 (2014): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jbe.v2i2.2014.196-205.
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ABSTRACTDental caries is one of the dental health problems. Dental caries are formed because there was leftover food that sticks to the teeth, which eventually lead to tooth calcification. Impact, teeth become brittle, hollow, even broken.Dental caries experience a loss of power to make a child chewing and digestive disruption, which resulted in growth of less than the maximum. This study aims to determine the relationship of parents’ behavior towards the maintenance of dental health of children (feeding habits sweet, sticky and drinking milk, teeth maintenance, inspection tooth and mouth) with dental caries in the TK R.A Bustanussholihin in Balun village Turi District of Lamongan. This study Analytics whose data is collected with a cross sectional sample of kindergarten children aged 4–6 years with a total sample of 49 children. The collection of primary data through interviews parents TK R.A Bustanussholihin student using questionnaires and secondary data obtained from the agency are in the region of the profile data TK R.A Bustanussholihin in Balun Village of Turi District of Lamongan. This study used a correlation coefficient of contingency. Based on the results of the contingency coefficient correlation test showed that the factors that have a strong relationship is the habit of feeding the sweet, sticky, and drink milk with a value of P = 0.504. While the factors that have a weak link is the habit of maintaining dental hygiene habits of children and child oral examination . From this study it can be concluded that there is a relationship or a strong correlation between feeding habits sweet, sticky and drinking milk with the incidence of dental caries in children aged 4–6. So as to prevent dental caries severity we need to hold counseling on feeding sweet, soft and gooey on the effect of dental caries as well as how it should be formula feeding or breast milk to the child to prevent rampant caries.Keywords: dental caries, sweetened food, children aged 4–6 years
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Widayati, Nur. "Factors associated with dental caries in children aged 4-6 years old." Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi 2, no. 2 (2014): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jbe.v2i22014.196-205.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTDental caries is one of the dental health problems. Dental caries are formed because there was leftover food that sticks to the teeth, which eventually lead to tooth calcification. Impact, teeth become brittle, hollow, even broken.Dental caries experience a loss of power to make a child chewing and digestive disruption, which resulted in growth of less than the maximum. This study aims to determine the relationship of parents’ behavior towards the maintenance of dental health of children (feeding habits sweet, sticky and drinking milk, teeth maintenance, inspection tooth and mouth) with dental caries in the TK R.A Bustanussholihin in Balun village Turi District of Lamongan. This study Analytics whose data is collected with a cross sectional sample of kindergarten children aged 4–6 years with a total sample of 49 children. The collection of primary data through interviews parents TK R.A Bustanussholihin student using questionnaires and secondary data obtained from the agency are in the region of the profile data TK R.A Bustanussholihin in Balun Village of Turi District of Lamongan. This study used a correlation coefficient of contingency. Based on the results of the contingency coefficient correlation test showed that the factors that have a strong relationship is the habit of feeding the sweet, sticky, and drink milk with a value of P = 0.504. While the factors that have a weak link is the habit of maintaining dental hygiene habits of children and child oral examination . From this study it can be concluded that there is a relationship or a strong correlation between feeding habits sweet, sticky and drinking milk with the incidence of dental caries in children aged 4–6. So as to prevent dental caries severity we need to hold counseling on feeding sweet, soft and gooey on the effect of dental caries as well as how it should be formula feeding or breast milk to the child to prevent rampant caries.Keywords: dental caries, sweetened food, children aged 4–6 years
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Sekaran, Lakshmanan, and John Ho. "Fatal intra-hepatic haemorrhage presenting with cardiac-type chest pain and anaemia." Acute Medicine Journal 6, no. 3 (2007): 124–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.52964/amja.0178.
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A 79-year-old woman presented to the accident and emergency department with a short history of central chest pain radiating to the arm and epigastrum, associated with vomiting. There was no history of haematemesis and no recent change of bowel habit or melaena. She had a myocardial infarction 4 months previously and had a metal prosthetic mitral valve replacement for which she was anticoagulated with warfarin, maintaining an INR between 2.5– 3.5. On examination she appeared pale, but there were no other abnormal findings; the liver was not enlarged or tender.
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Yadav, Dev Kumar, Gopal Kumar Sharma, and Anil Dutt Semwal. "Foodoceuticals Ensuring Improved Well Being Beyond basic Nutrition." Defence Life Science Journal 5, no. 1 (2020): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dlsj.5.14341.
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Adequate nutrition is very essential for Armed Forces in terms of maintaining the nutritional status. In the present review it was complied about dietary habit and required diet for Service personnel to become fit and control the life style disease such as diabetes, obesity, cancer, hypertension and cardiovascular disease etc. It also focuses on functional foods rather than normal diet which are recommended as ration pack for armed forces. Functional foods enrich and improve the quality of dietary intake. It also represents promising avenues of nutritional in recent days of global dietetics. Functional ingredients such as essential fatty acids, antioxidants, dietary fibre, isoflavones, β-carotene etc are included in ration pack. It also provide large varieties of functional foods are made available to the consumers with the intension to provide dietary management of life style diseases while enhancing our overall well being conversely. It must be understood that these foods and ingredients are not instant medicine or ultimate remedies for imbalance dietary habits as proper diet management. It also provides comprehensive approach for good physical and mental health.
 
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Reynolds, Terry. "Vocational Outcomes for People Living with Tourette Syndrome." Australian Journal of Rehabilitation Counselling 2, no. 1 (1996): 38–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1323892200001836.
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Tourette Syndrome (TS) is an under recognised, often misunderstood condition that is wrongly perceived as a simple habit(s). Due to the hetrogenous nature of the symptoms, severity and effects of TS, this condition is individualised in terms of its impact on people living with TS. This paper reports five case studies of people living with TS, ranging from mild to severe diagnosis and provides an insight into some of the difficulties and successes people living with TS experience in obtaining and maintaining employment. Treatment methods, aetiology issues and implications for rehabilitation counsellors are also discussed.
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Ali, Ruhi, Sana Tariq, Ozaifa Kareem, et al. "Nutraceuticals for Sleep Disorders." Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening 24, no. 10 (2021): 1583–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1386207324666210121111446.
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Sleep is considered as one of the most important aspects for maintaining a healthy life. For a person to function normally, at least 6-8 hours of sleep daily is necessary. Sleep not only affects our mood, but also regulates the efficiency of work done. Many complications arise due to inadequacy of sleep. The unhealthy food and lifestyle choices have made us more prone to sleep disorders. The medications used for the treatment of sleep disorders are mainly habit forming and have tendencies of withdrawal symptoms. This inadequacy in medication has lead to search for newer, better options. The field of nutraceuticals fits apt for treating such disorders. The quality of being non-toxic, non-habit forming, and being practically more efficient has had made it an excellent option. Nutraceuticals make use of food or part of food for the treatment or to prevent any disease. Remarkable positive effects of nutraceuticals like Caffeine, Chamomile, Kava kava, Cherries and Cherry juice, L tryptophan, Valerian, Vitamin D, Marijuana, melatonin, Lemon balm had been mentioned in the treatment of sleep disorders. The present review gives a general overview of nutraceuticals and discusses their use in sleep disorders.
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Nursyafitri, Ika. "Social Capital Of Galian Owners In Maintaining Galian C In Mawar Hamlet, Kumbang Village, Pelangi District, Pasuruan Regency." Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Mamangan 9, no. 2 (2021): 103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.22202/mamangan.v9i2.4129.
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Mining in Mawar Hamlet, Kumbang Village, Pelangi District, Pasuruan Regency is a type of illegal mining, but mining activities have been carried out since 1984 until now. So this research aims to analyze the social capital of the owner of the excavation in maintaining the C quarry in the Rose Village with the established network. The method used is a qualitative research method to explore more complete data, and uses a case study approach because an incident in 2015 was marked with the issue of illegal mining permits that were evicted by the Civil Service Unit (Satpol PP of Pasuruan Regency). This study uses the theory proposed by Pierre Bourdie about social capital. Social capital can be related to economic capital, cultural capital, and symbolic capital. Thus, the emergence of the capital generated by the owner of the excavation originated from the habitus as a daily habit carried out by the agent, the network relationships formed were also strategies to strengthen the agent's position. Keywords: Social Capital, Galian C Mining, Illegal Mining
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Stone, Suzanne P., George E. Boyhan, and W. Carroll Johnson. "The Impact of Weeding Regime, Planting Density, and Growth Habits on Watermelon Yield in an Organic System." HortTechnology 29, no. 5 (2019): 571–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech04311-19.
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The southeastern United States produces 50% of U.S. conventional watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) but only 7% of U.S. organic watermelon. Weeds are a major threat to watermelon yield in the southeastern United States, and organic weed control is estimated to cost 20-times more than conventional herbicide programs. The objectives of this study were to determine the optimal weed control regime to reduce hand-weeding costs while maintaining yield and to compare the weed suppression of two watermelon types with differing growth habits in an organic system. In 2014 and 2015, watermelon plots were randomly assigned to the following treatments in a factorial arrangement: vine or compact growth habit; 1.0- or 0.5-m in-row spacing; and weekly weed control (kept weed-free by hoeing and hand-pulling weeds) for 0, 4, or 8 weeks after transplanting (WAT). At the time of the watermelon harvest, not weeding resulted in average total weed densities of 86.6 and 87.0 weeds/m2, and weeding for 4 WAT resulted in average total weed densities of 26.4 and 7.0 weeds/m2 in 2014 and 2015, respectively. Nonetheless, weeding for 4 WAT resulted in watermelon yields and fruit counts comparable to those of weeding for 8 WAT during both years. This partial-season weeding regime resulted in 67% and 63% weeding cost reductions for vine and compact plants, respectively, in 2014, and a 43% reduction for both growth habit types in 2015. In 2015, a separate experiment that evaluated weeding regimes that lasted 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 8 WAT found that yields resulting from weeding for 3 WAT were greater than those resulting from weeding for 2 WAT. However, the yields did not differ when weeding was performed for 4 WAT and 8 WAT.
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Lush, W. Mary. "Adaptation and Differentiation of Golf Course Populations of Annual Bluegrass (Poa annua)." Weed Science 37, no. 1 (1989): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500055843.
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Morphological and physiological variation among annual bluegrass populations from the green, fairway, and rough were measured to determine the role annual bluegrass infestations outside the green play in maintaining the population in the green. Annual bluegrass populations from the fairway and the rough were similar to each other but differed from that of the green in habit, dry mass production, flowering, seed size, and germination. Seeds from each population established best in the type of turf from which they originated. It is concluded that, since few genotypes were common to the green and its surroundings, the populations in the fairway and rough played little or no role in maintaining the population of the green. The same is likely to be true wherever the management of greens and their surroundings differs sufficiently for marked population differentiation to occur. This finding does not preclude the possibility that some genotypes adapted to the green persist in the surroundings, and that these genotypes serve as sources of seeds for the colonization or reinfestation of annual bluegrass-free greens.
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Xu, Xiaoyan. "Assessing a Community-Based Financial Literacy Program: A Case Study in California’s Silicon Valley." Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning 29, no. 1 (2018): 142–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1052-3073.29.1.142.
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This study presents a community-based financial literacy program offered to low-income families in the heart of Silicon Valley. Leveraging local financial institutions and organizations, it provided financial education and encouraged habit formation, hoping for lasting outcomes toward financial well-being. Program impact was assessed in the areas of financial knowledge gain, behavioral tendencies in financial decision-making, and self-reported personal finances. Participants showed significant improvement in key knowledge areas, with positive impact observed in behavioral tendencies such as financial goal setting. Improvements in financial outcomes were not significant. The results of this intervention illustrate that maintaining long-term impact and applying sophisticated evaluation methods present key challenges for community-based efforts focused on financial education.
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Hiraike, Yuta, Chao-Tung Yang, Wei-Ju Liu, Tomohide Yamada, and Chia-Lin Lee. "FTO Obesity Variant–Exercise Interaction on Changes in Body Weight and BMI: The Taiwan Biobank Study." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 106, no. 9 (2021): e3673-e3681. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgab295.
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Abstract Context Gene–exercise interaction on cross-sectional body mass index (BMI) has been extensively studied and is well established. However, gene–exercise interaction on changes in body weight/BMI remains controversial. Objective To examine the interaction between the FTO obesity variant and regular exercise on changes in body weight/BMI. Participants Taiwan Biobank participants aged 30-70 years (N = 20 906) were examined at both baseline and follow-up visit (mean follow-up duration: 3.7 years). Main Outcome Measures The interaction between the FTO obesity variant rs1421085 and regular exercise habit (no exercise, ≤20 metabolic equivalent of tasks (METs)/week exercise, &gt;20 METs/week exercise) on changes in body weight/BMI. Results Individuals with the risk allele of rs1421085 gained more weight and increased BMI than those without the risk allele if they did not exercise. In contrast, individuals with the risk allele gained less weight and BMI if they exercised regularly, indicating an interaction between rs1421085 and regular exercise habit (P = .030 for Δbody weight and P = .034 for ΔBMI). The effect of exercise on maintaining body weight was larger in those with the risk allele of rs1421085. When we focused on individuals without regular exercise at baseline, individuals with the risk allele again tended to lose more weight than those with a nonrisk allele if they had acquired an exercise habit by the follow-up visit. Conclusion The beneficial effect of exercise is greater in individuals genetically prone to obesity due to the interaction between the FTO obesity variant rs1421085 and regular exercise on changes in body weight and BMI.
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Park, Hyun Joo, Kang-Hyeon Choi, and Jong-Won Yu. "Design of Personal Mobility Safety System Using AI." JOIV : International Journal on Informatics Visualization 5, no. 2 (2021): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.30630/joiv.5.2.558.
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In this paper, we propose the implementation of a safety device that generates an alarm sound or braking operation to reduce the risk of accidents. It reduces the exposure of risks due to non-wearing by supplementing the function of the helmet for safety. For machine learning, the safety state is learned by using two types of sensing data, and when an abnormal helmet use or speed or drinking driving is detected, an alarm sound is generated and motion is broken to maintain the safe state. By measuring data using a gas sensor, alcohol is checked and this is used as abnormal data. Users form a habit of wearing safety equipment with continuous safety alarm sound and speed braking and proper driving habit by driving in a normal state without drinking alcohol. In addition, the proposed system enables real-time monitoring, thereby reducing risks by continuously maintaining safe driving and wearing protective equipment. The proposed system uses artificial intelligence to discriminate data related to helmet wearing, speed, and drinking in making an electric kickboard for safety, and triggers an alarm or operates the brake to prevent abnormal driving. If the design and function are supplemented, it will become a basic function that can be applied to various equipment of transportation.
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Itagaki, Shuntaro, Mayumi Harigane, Masaharu Maeda, et al. "Exercise Habits Are Important for the Mental Health of Children in Fukushima After the Fukushima Daiichi Disaster." Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health 29, no. 2_suppl (2017): 171S—181S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1010539516686163.
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After the Great East Japan Earthquake and the subsequent nuclear reactor accident, the outdoor activities of children greatly decreased. We investigated adverse effects on the exercise habits and mental health of children after the disaster. The target subjects were children aged 6 to 15 years living inside the government-designated evacuation zone as of March 11, 2011 (n = 29 585). The subjects’ parents/guardians completed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and exercise habit data were obtained from the 2011 Fukushima Health Management Survey. A total of 18 745 valid responses were returned. We excluded questionnaires with incomplete answers leaving 10 824 responses for the final analysis. SDQ scores ≥16 indicated high risk of mental health. Children in the evacuation zone who did not get regular exercise had a higher risk of mental problems as evaluated by SDQ (multivariate-adjusted prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.49; 95% CI 1.38-1.62). When stratified by sex, age, place of residence, treatment for illnesses and experienced the nuclear reactor accident the associations were essentially the same. Regular exercise is important for maintaining children’s mental health after a disaster. This is the first large-scale report to examine the impact of outdoor exercise limitations among children in a nuclear accident.
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Tajidan, Tajidan, Arifuddin Sahidu, and Suparmin Suparmin. "Penyuluhan Pemanfaatan Buah Ciplukan Sebagai Bahan Makanan Sehat Dengan Metode Jaga Jarak Fisik Akibat Wabah Covid 19." Jurnal Gema Ngabdi 2, no. 2 (2020): 139–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jgn.v2i2.85.
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In the situation of maintaining physical distance today requires all parties to innovate in carrying out activities including community service activities. The face to face method that has become a habit has to be changed by utilizing social media. One of the most widely used social media is WharsApp. In the context of disseminating information about the content and efficacy of ciplukan fruits, counseling was carried out using the physical distance keeping method through WhatsApp media. The results achieved from the implementation of counseling using social media WhatApp is increasing pesrta knowledge about the content and efficacy of ciplukan fruit respectively from 33.7% to 96.7% and from 53.3% to 86.7%, and increased interest in consuming fruit ciplukan from 67.9% to 93.3%.
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Et. al., Leo Gertrude,. "Awareness Of Nutrition Among School Students Through Media." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 5 (2021): 1051–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i5.1750.
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To lead a healthy lifestyle it is important to have sufficient knowledge on nutrition its importance in our daily lives. It is also essential to have this awareness at a younger age so that healthy eating becomes a habit and eventually a lifestyle. To have a clear understanding of what the food we eat contains or the nutrients present in them, it is essential to give nutritional awareness in foods in relation to their performance in the maintaining the body with stamina, help in growth and repair of worn out tissues and also to improve the body’s immunity. This conceptual paper aims to find out the awareness of nutritional knowledge given through media and its effectiveness among students of high school with extensive review of literature.
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Kitsaras, George, Michaela Goodwin, Michael Kelly, Iain Pretty, and Julia Allan. "Perceived Barriers and Facilitators for Bedtime Routines in Families with Young Children." Children 8, no. 1 (2021): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children8010050.
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Objectives: Bedtime routines are a highly recurrent family activity with important health, social and behavioural implications. This study examined perceived barriers to, and facilitators of, formulating, establishing, and maintaining optimal bedtime routines in families with young children. Design: Participants completed a semi-structured interview based on the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF). Analysis followed a deductive approach. Participants: A total of 32 parents participated in the study. Most participants (N = 30) were females, were white (N = 25) and stay at home parents (N = 12). Results: Key barriers included lack of appropriate knowledge and sources of information, problematic skills development, social influences, cognitive overload, and lack of motivation for change. Facilitators included social role, access to resources, positive intentions, beliefs about consequences and reinforcement. In particular, optimal bedtime routines were less likely to be enacted when parents were tired/fatigued and there was a strong effect of habit, with suboptimal routines maintained over time due to past experiences and a lack of awareness about the importance of a good bedtime routine. Conclusions: Several theory-based, and potentially modifiable, determinants of optimal bedtime routines were identified in this study, providing important information for future interventions. Several of the key determinants identified were transient (tiredness) and/or non-conscious (habit), suggesting that future interventions may need to be deployed in real time, and should extend beyond conventional techniques.
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Mbuni, Yuvenalis Morara, Yadong Zhou, Shengwei Wang, et al. "An annotated checklist of vascular plants of Cherangani hills, Western Kenya." PhytoKeys 120 (April 18, 2019): 1–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.120.30274.
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Cherangani hills, located in Western Kenya, comprises of 12 forest blocks, maintaining great plant diversity. However, little attention to plant diversity studies has been paid to it in the past years. Here, we present a checklist of the vascular plants of this region obtained through intensive field investigations and matching of herbarium specimens. In total, 1296 species, including 17 endemic species are documented, belonging to 130 families and 608 genera. This flora represents 18.50%, 43.83% and 54.17% of the Kenyan species, genera and families, respectively. The habit, habitat and voucher specimens, as well as brief notes on the distribution of each taxon recorded are presented in this checklist. It is the first exhaustive inventory of the terrestrial vascular plants in Cherangani hills which is a significant regional centre for plant diversity.
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Francis, D. L. "Prevalence of Tobacco Use and Cancer Among Malayali Tribes, Yelagiri Hills, Tamil Nadu, India." Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (2018): 13s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.27000.
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Background: Health is a state of complete wellbeing free from any discomfort and pain. Despite remarkable world-wide progress in the field of diagnostic, curative and preventive medicine, still there are large populations of people living in isolation in natural and unpolluted surroundings far away from civilization, maintaining their traditional values, customs, beliefs and myths. India has the second largest tribal population of the world next to the African countries. About half of the world's autochthonous people live in India, thus making India home to many tribes which have an interesting and varied history of origins, customs and social practices. Aim: The current study was conducted to assess the tobacco use, awareness and its effect on health among Malayali tribes, Yelagiri Hills, Tamil nadu, India. Methods: The inhabitants of the 14 villages of the Yelagiri hills, who have completed 18 years and residing for more than 15 years present on the day of examination and who were willing to participate in the study were included. Data were collected from a cross-sectional survey, using a survey proforma, clinical examination and a pretested questionnaire which included demographic data, tobacco habits. An intraoral examination was carried out by a single examiner to assess the oral health status using WHO Oral Health Surveys - Basic Methods Proforma (1997). SPSS version 15 was used for statistical analysis. Results: Results showed that among 660 study population, 381 (57.7%) had no formal education. Among the study population 75% had the habit of alcohol consumption. Of those who had the habit of smoking, 26% smoked beedi, 10.9% smoked cigarette, 65% chewed raw tobacco, 18% chewed Hans and 28% had a combination of smoking and smokeless tobacco usage. The reason for practicing these habits were as a measure to combat the cold, relieving stress and body pain after work, and the lack of awareness of the hazards of the materials used. Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in the study population was due to tobacco usage and alcohol consumption and lack of awareness regarding the deleterious effects of the products used. Conclusion: From the results of this study it may be concluded that the Malayali tribes were characterized by a lack of awareness about oral health, deep rooted dental beliefs, high prevalence of tobacco use and limited access to health services.
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Mergl, Michal, Jaroslav Kraft, and Petr Kraft. "Life habit and spatial distribution of siphonotretid brachiopods in the Lower Ordovician of the Prague Basin, Czech Republic." Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 98, no. 3-4 (2007): 253–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755691007079856.
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ABSTRACTSiphonotretid brachiopod distribution in the Lower Ordovician of the Prague Basin is described and discussed; the new species Alichovia cometa is established. The preservation and distribution of the group indicate a preference for shallow-water offshore, high-energy environments: siphonotretids are abundant shelly fossils in the shallower-water, mostly marginal sites of the basin but are absent in the deeper parts. Their environmental limits were complementary to those of the graptolites; siphonotretids co-occur with epiplanktonic graptolites at only a few localities. Deeper offshore deposits with biramose dichograptids and diverse, generally delicate benthic dendroids lack siphonotretids. Indeed, siphonotretids were intolerant to dysoxia and preferred a well-aerated siliciclastic, firm sea floor in the shallower parts of the basin. They were tolerant to suspended coarser detritus, using their spines which functioned as an effective sieve. The density and ramification of spines indicate three sifting strategies. Suggested life styles above the seabed on elevated surfaces (algae, sponges, dendroids) are not supported by direct evidence. They more likely lived within more supple and soft matrices (sponges, tufts of algae) stabilised by their spines, with the spinose basket maintaining free space for inhalant and exhalant currents.
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Gupta, Pratibha, and Matt Collins. "Sleep Habit/Sleepiness Questionnaires: A Useful Tool to Identify Correlation Between Sleep, Academic Performance and Obesity Promotion in Improving Health." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (2020): 1170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa056_017.
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Abstract Objectives Identify, compare sleep habit questionnaires for use in a study of college student's body compositions, and academic performances. Methods Decades of research supports the importance of proper sleep habits for college students for optimum academic performances and maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Instrument that can identify students who experience sleep disturbances and who do not get enough sleep is important in preventing obesity in college students during their college experience and afterwords. Some surveys were created for the clinical setting to determine if further diagnostics testing is necessary, while others were designed for use in academic research to be used individually, combined into composite measure of sleep or as covariates. Available instruments measure many different variables from day time sleepiness to chronotype and jet-lag. No single survey stands out as an all -encompassing sleep different aspect of sleep. No cross comparison of instruments measuring the same variable is therefore possible. Sleep survey is considered ensuring that the chosen survey was designed to measure the variables of interest. Following scales were used in the study: Standford Sleepiness Scale, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Horne-Ostberg Moringness Eveningness Questionnaire, Munich Chronotype Questionnaire. Results Students not meeting public health recommendations for sleep quality and quantity were found to have a significantly lower grade point average and individuals with sleep disturbances and short sleep duration have a significantly higher incidence of obesity. Conclusions Each instrument was created to measure a specific but different aspect of sleep. When conducting research with these tools, another questionnaire may be necessary to provide data specifically about the the subject's sleep habits. The Pittsburgh Sleep quality index has seen through use both clinically and in research. However, it requires another questionnaires to provide data on other variables. Each questionnaire effectively measures the concept it was designed to measure. Therefore, the choice of appropriate instrument should be based on the question, “which survey measures the variable that I wish to measure?”, not which survey is the best? Funding Sources NIMHD BRIC Grant 2009–2013 Central State University.
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L. V. K. LIYANAGE and M. DE. S. LIYANAGE. "WEED CONTROL UNDERSTORY WEED MANAGEMENT IN COCONUT LANDS." CORD 8, no. 01 (1992): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37833/cord.v8i01.258.
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Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) is by far the most extensively cultivated plantation crop in Sri Lanka. It is essentially a small holder crop comprising about 86% of small. holdings and homesteads and the balance belonging to the estate sector. The growth habit of the palm and its canopy structure requires a wide, spacing between palms, which permits abundant sunlight to the understory. As a result, the unutilised space beneath the plantation becomes invaded by a wide range of perennial and annual weed species. Such weeds invariably compete with coconut for soil moisture and nutrients, affecting its growth and yield and obstructing routine estate practices. Management of the understory weed growth is, therefore, considered an essential step in maintaining the plantation. In fact, the cost of weeding accounts for a substantial proportion of the total recurrent expenditure for maintenance.
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Asiry, Moshabab A. "Anterior Open Bite treated with Myofunctional Therapy and Palatal Crib." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 16, no. 3 (2015): 243–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1669.
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ABSTRACT This case report demonstrates the treatment effects of palatal crib combined with the myofunctional therapy in a child with anterior open bite (AOB) due to thumb sucking and habitual anterior and low tongue position. The patient, an 11-year-old boy, had an anterior open bite and flared and spaced upper and lower incisors. Palatal cribs in conjunction with myofunctional therapy were used to discourage sucking habit and to adapt normal tongue position. Successful correction of the AOB with adequate overjet and overbite were achieved with total treatment time of 7 months. The importance of myofunctional therapy in adopting normal tongue position and in maintaining the stability of open bite correction is emphasized. How to cite this article Asiry MA. Anterior Open Bite treated with Myofunctional Therapy and Palatal Crib. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(3):243-247.
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Nishikawa, Ken Ichi, Satoshi Semboshi, and Toyohiko J. Konno. "Transmission Electron Microscopy Observations on Cu-Mg Alloy Systems." Solid State Phenomena 127 (September 2007): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.127.103.
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Environmentally friendly Cu-based alloys with high strength and low electrical resistivity have been much sought in order to replace deleterious Cu-Be alloys for electrical applications. As one of the candidate systems, we have examined age-hardening behaviors of Cu-Mg alloys by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Cu-2.26wt.%Mg alloys were solution-treated and annealed at 723K, and their structural changes have been investigated. The Vickers hardness measurements showed that they aged-harden gradually. Our TEM observations showed that annealing for 6h brings about precipitation of numerous needle-like particles of 10 nm in length. The diffraction studies indicated these precipitates consist of the Cu2Mg phase with {111}Cu habit planes. When annealed for 96h, these precipitates become semi-coherent, which was manifested by moiré fringes; while maintaining the orientation relationship of (111)Cu//(111)Cu2Mg, [110]Cu//[110]Cu2Mg.
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Anggraini, Reji, Iswandi U, and Deded Chandra. "PARTISIPASI PEDAGANG DALAM MENJAGA KEBERSIHAN LINGKUNGAN PASAR AUR KUNING KOTA BUKITTINGGI." JURNAL BUANA 2, no. 5 (2018): 441. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/student.v2i5.246.
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 ABSTRAK
 
 Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan partisipasi pedagang dalam menjaga kebersihan lingkungan pasar, faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi partisipasi pedagang dalam menjaga kebersihan lingkungan pasar khususnya di Pasar Aur Kuning Kota Bukittinggi. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Informan penelitian yaitu pedagang yang berjualan di Pasar Aur Kuning, Dinas Koperasi dan Perdagangan Kota Bukittinggi menggunakan teknik snowball sampling. Teknik pengambilan data yaitu dengan observasi lapangan, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa : (1) Pedagang di Pasar Aur Kuning Kota Bukittinggi kurang berpatisipasi dan mengetahui pentingnya menjaga kebersihan bagi kelangsungan hidup mereka terutama bagi kesehatan, untuk menumbuhkan kesadaran dalam diri itu susah terutama kebiasaan membuang sampah dan menjaga kebersihan lingkungan. (2) Faktor yang mempengaruhi partisipasi pedagang dalam menjaga kebersihan lingkungan pasar, meliputi faktor internal yaitu pendidikan pedagang dan jenis dagangan berpengaruh terhadap perilaku serta pengetahuan pedagang terhadap kebersihan, faktor eksternalnya meliputi peraturan, kondisi dan fasilitas yang disediakan pengelola pasar menunjang partisipasi yang dilakukan pedagang yang masih terbilang rendah dan masih kurang dalam pengadaannya.
 
 Abstract
 
 This study aims to describe the participation traders in maintaining the cleanliness of the market environment, the factors that influence the participation of traders in maintaining the cleanliness of the market environment, especially in Aur Kuning Market, Bukittinggi City. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative research. Informant of research are traders who sell in Aur Kuning Market, Department of Cooperatives and Trade [1]Bukittinggi City. Using snowball sampling technique. Technique of data retrieval is by field observation, interview and documentation.From the results of the research shows that: (1) In general, traders in Pasar Aur Kuning Bukittinggi City have participated and know the importance of maintaining hygiene for their survival, especially for health, but to raise awareness within it is difficult especially the habit of disposing of garbage and maintaining the cleanliness of the environment. (2) Factors that influence the participation of traders in maintaining the cleanliness of the market environment, including internal factors of merchant education and the type of merchandise affect the behavior and knowledge of traders on cleanliness, external factors include regulations, conditions and facilities provided by market managers to support the participation of traders which is still relatively low and still lacking in procurement.
 
 
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Varma, Virajanand. "Understanding Resistance to Change: An Experiential Exercise." Management Teaching Review 5, no. 3 (2019): 246–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2379298119831412.
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Organizational change remains one of the challenging concepts for students in leadership and organizational behavior classes to internalize if they have not experienced it directly. This exercise serves as a means for simulating the change process through a firsthand experience of change at a personal level. The assignment involves students choosing to experience a personal change (e.g., abstaining from a habit) for 3 weeks, maintaining a log of daily experiences, and writing a summary of the takeaways from their experience. Most of the students find it challenging to complete the task successfully (i.e., maintain total abstinence), which contributes to a lively follow-up discussion on successfully leading change and gives the students an opportunity to understand various challenges related to change implementation. This exercise can be used with a range of graduate and undergraduate courses in management curricula as well as in other leadership development programs.
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Chen, Yuh-Min, and Yueh-Ping Li. "Motivators for Physical Activity among Ambulatory Nursing Home Older Residents." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/329397.
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The purpose of this study was to explore self-identified motivators for regular physical activity among ambulatory nursing home older residents. A qualitative exploratory design was adopted. Purposive sampling was performed to recruit 18 older residents from two nursing homes in Taiwan. The interview transcripts were analyzed by qualitative content analysis. Five motivators of physical activity emerged from the result of analysis: eagerness for returning home, fear of becoming totally dependent, improving mood state, filling empty time, and previously cultivated habit. Research on physical activity from the perspectives of nursing home older residents has been limited. An empirically grounded understanding from this study could provide clues for promoting and supporting lifelong engagement in physical activity among older residents. The motivators reported in this study should be considered when designing physical activity programs. These motivators can be used to encourage, guide, and provide feedback to support older residents in maintaining physical activity.
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Andrews, Sophie, Dinaz Parekh, Brooke Brady, Kim Delbaere, Simon Killcross, and Kaarin Anstey. "Do Automatic Habits Predict Physical Activity Engagement in Older People?" Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (2020): 496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1602.
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Abstract Sufficient physical activity is crucial to maintaining independence, health and wellbeing during ageing, yet physical inactivity is common in older people. Identifying factors associated with physical activity engagement is essential to develop novel approaches to increase activity in older people. Automatic, context-dependent habits may play an important role in physical activity behaviour. The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between physical activity behaviours and their automaticity in older people. 123 community dwelling Australians aged over 65 – 88 years (M=72.2; 81 women), recruited from participant registries, hospital noticeboards and community groups, completed an online questionnaire. Current physical activity levels were measured using the Incidental and Planned Exercise Questionnaire, and automaticity of those physical activity behaviours were measured using the Self-Report Habit Automaticity Index. Participants also reported demographic information, body mass index (BMI), medical history and current mood symptoms. Participants reported an average of 2.28 hours planned walking (SD=2.33), 5.81 hours planned moderate/vigorous exercise (SD=4.02), and 20.5 hours incidental activity (SD=15.52) per week. Multiple regression analyses revealed that after controlling for age, gender, BMI and depression symptoms, higher automaticity scores were associated with more hours per week of planned walking (p=.012), moderate/vigorous exercise (p=.038), and incidental activity (p=.017). Supporting older people to make their physical activity more habitual could therefore be an effective approach to increase levels of physical activity in this population.
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Kang, Minhyung. "Dual paths to continuous online knowledge sharing: a repetitive behavior perspective." Aslib Journal of Information Management 72, no. 2 (2019): 159–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ajim-05-2019-0127.
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Purpose Continuous knowledge sharing by active users, who are highly active in answering questions, is crucial to the sustenance of social question-and-answer (Q&A) sites. The purpose of this paper is to examine such knowledge sharing considering reason-based elaborate decision and habit-based automated cognitive processes. Design/methodology/approach To verify the research hypotheses, survey data on subjective intentions and web-crawled data on objective behavior are utilized. The sample size is 337 with the response rate of 27.2 percent. Negative binomial and hierarchical linear regressions are used given the skewed distribution of the dependent variable (i.e. the number of answers). Findings Both elaborate decision (linking satisfaction, intentions and continuance behavior) and automated cognitive processes (linking past and continuance behavior) are significant and substitutable. Research limitations/implications By measuring both subjective intentions and objective behavior, it verifies a detailed mechanism linking continuance intentions, past behavior and continuous knowledge sharing. The significant influence of automated cognitive processes implies that online knowledge sharing is habitual for active users. Practical implications Understanding that online knowledge sharing is habitual is imperative to maintaining continuous knowledge sharing by active users. Knowledge sharing trends should be monitored to check if the frequency of sharing decreases. Social Q&A sites should intervene to restore knowledge sharing behavior through personalized incentives. Originality/value This is the first study utilizing both subjective intentions and objective behavior data in the context of online knowledge sharing. It also introduces habit-based automated cognitive processes to this context. This approach extends the current understanding of continuous online knowledge sharing behavior.
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Wagner, Robert G., and John C. Zasada. "Integrating plant autecology and silvicultural activities to prevent forest vegetation management problems." Forestry Chronicle 67, no. 5 (1991): 506–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc67506-5.
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Forest managers are under increasing pressure to decrease herbicide use throughout North America. Reducing herbicide use for stand tending, while maintaining or increasing reforestation success, will require greater knowledge of how to minimize vegetation management problems in young stands. The type, intensity, timing, and frequency of silvicultural activities (especially harvesting and site preparation) interact with the autecological characteristics of forest weeds to affect their survival or invasion. Autecological characteristics include 1) habitat requirements 2) modes of reproduction 3) growth habit 4) phenology and 5) response to disturbance. Not considering these relationships often initiates successional pathways that force vegetation management into a "removal loop", where release treatments are required to remove or suppress forest weeds. Modifying silvicultural activities based on thorough analysis of site conditions and an understanding of plant autecology can move vegetation management into a "prevention loop" thus reducing dependence on herbicides for stand tending. Key words: forest vegetation management, forest weeds, forest ecology, herbicides, silviculture, succession, disturbance, plant population models
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Elsesser, Karin, and Gudrun Sartory. "OUTCOME PREDICTORS OF BENZODIAZEPINE WITHDRAWAL." Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 26, no. 3 (1998): 209–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s135246589800023x.
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Psychological treatment that reduces anxiety has been found to be beneficial to benzodiazepine withdrawal. High drop-out and relapse rates, however, have also been reported. They might be due to a heightened anxiety level maintaining the drug-taking habit or to the addictive potency of the drug, which is not addressed by the intervention strategies. In the present study, initial assessment data were compared among treatment refusers, drop-outs and completers – successful as well as unsuccessful ones – of a psychological treatment programme in support of benzodiazepine withdrawal. Treatment refusers showed a more negative current mood state than those consenting to treatment. Internal locus of control was predictive of premature termination and unsuccessful completion of the treatment trial. Neither medication-related variables nor anxiety or depression were found to influence the success of treatment. Perceived control over medication intake is thought to reduce compliance with the treatment regimen – a pattern that may be consistent with the addiction hypothesis.
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Leterme, Pascal, and L. Carmenza Muũoz. "Factors influencing pulse consumption in Latin America." British Journal of Nutrition 88, S3 (2002): 251–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn/2002714.
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In Latin America, pulse consumption ranges from 1 kg/capita per year (Argentina) to 25 kg/capita per year (Nicaragua). Common beans account for 87% of the total. The differences between countries, regions or groups of population within the same country can be explained by the following factors: (1) beans are very nutritious; (2) beans and maize are traditional foods and the habit of consuming them is deeply rooted in many people and communities; (3) the rural population eats more pulses than the urban population, due to geographical constraints that limit exchanges and favour consumption of locally produced foods; (4) income level, beans are still the poor man's meat; and (5) other factors, such as consumers' taste, the constraints on cooking beans, etc. The evolution of the consumption level in the future will depend on the urbanization of the population, access to processed foods and income level. Health issues would be an argument for maintaining or increasing the current consumption level.