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Journal articles on the topic 'Habitat adaptation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Mameri, Daniel, Corina van Kammen, Ton G. G. Groothuis, Ole Seehausen, and Martine E. Maan. "Visual adaptation and microhabitat choice in Lake Victoria cichlid fish." Royal Society Open Science 6, no. 3 (2019): 181876. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.181876.

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When different genotypes choose different habitats to better match their phenotypes, genetic differentiation within a population may be promoted. Mating within those habitats may subsequently contribute to reproductive isolation. In cichlid fish, visual adaptation to alternative visual environments is hypothesized to contribute to speciation. Here, we investigated whether variation in visual sensitivity causes different visual habitat preferences, using two closely related cichlid species that occur at different but overlapping water depths in Lake Victoria and that differ in visual perception

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Champion, Curtis, Alistair J. Hobday, Xuebin Zhang, Gretta T. Pecl, and Sean R. Tracey. "Changing windows of opportunity: past and future climate-driven shifts in temporal persistence of kingfish (Seriola lalandi) oceanographic habitat within south-eastern Australian bioregions." Marine and Freshwater Research 70, no. 1 (2019): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf17387.

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Climate-driven shifts in species distributions are occurring rapidly within marine systems and are predicted to continue under climate change. To effectively adapt, marine resource users require information relevant to their activities at decision-making timescales. We model oceanographic habitat suitability for kingfish (Seriola lalandi) from south-eastern Australia using multiple environmental variables at monthly time steps over the period 1996–2040. Habitat predictions were used to quantify the temporal persistence (months per year) of suitable oceanographic habitat within six coastal bior

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Zhang, Shouren, Dayong Fan, Qian Wu, Hui Yan, and Xinwu Xu. "Eco-physiological adaptation of dominant tree species at two contrasting karst habitats in southwestern China." F1000Research 2 (November 25, 2013): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.2-122.v2.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the eco-physiological adaptation of indigenous woody species to their habitats in karst areas of southwestern China. Two contrasting forest habitats were studied: a degraded habitat in Daxiagu and a well-developed habitat in Tianlongshan, and the eco-physiological characteristics of the trees were measured for three growth seasons. Photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs), and transpiration rate (Tr) of the tree species in Daxiagu were 2-3 times higher than those in Tianlongshan under ambient conditions. However, this habitat effect was n

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Liedtke, H. Christoph, Hendrik Müller, Julian Hafner, et al. "Terrestrial reproduction as an adaptation to steep terrain in African toads." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 284, no. 1851 (2017): 20162598. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.2598.

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How evolutionary novelties evolve is a major question in evolutionary biology. It is widely accepted that changes in environmental conditions shift the position of selective optima, and advancements in phylogenetic comparative approaches allow the rigorous testing of such correlated transitions. A longstanding question in vertebrate biology has been the evolution of terrestrial life histories in amphibians and here, by investigating African bufonids, we test whether terrestrial modes of reproduction have evolved as adaptations to particular abiotic habitat parameters. We reconstruct and date t

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Christie, Kyle, and Sharon Y. Strauss. "Frequency-dependent fitness and reproductive dynamics contribute to habitat segregation in sympatric jewelflowers." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287, no. 1927 (2020): 20200559. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.0559.

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Coexistence results from a complex suite of past and contemporary processes including biogeographic history, adaptation, ecological interactions and reproductive dynamics. Here we explore drivers of local micro-parapatry in which two closely related and reproductively isolated Streptanthus species (jewelflower, Brassicaceae) inhabit continuous or adjacent habitat patches and occur within seed dispersal range, yet rarely overlap in fine-scale distribution. We find some evidence for abiotic niche partitioning and local adaptation, however differential survival across habitats cannot fully explai

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Liford, A. N., and K. K. Cecala. "Does riparian disturbance alter stream amphibian antipredator behaviors?" Canadian Journal of Zoology 95, no. 2 (2017): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2016-0113.

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Ecological traps occur when a species makes maladaptive habitat-selection decisions. Human-modified environments including deforested riparian habitats can change how organisms respond to environmental cues. Stream amphibians alter their habitat selection in response to abiotic cues associated with riparian clearing, but little research exists to determine if behavioral shifts to abiotic cues may make them more susceptible to predation. To evaluate if deforested habitats create ecological traps, we studied habitat-selection behavior of larval Black-bellied Salamander (Desmognathus quadramacula

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Shen, Zhi Yong, Xiu Pei Koh, Yan Ping Yu, and Stanley C. K. Lau. "Genetic Variation and Preliminary Indications of Divergent Niche Adaptation in Cryptic Clade II of Escherichia." Microorganisms 8, no. 11 (2020): 1713. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8111713.

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The evolution, habitat, and lifestyle of the cryptic clade II of Escherichia, which were first recovered at low frequency from non-human hosts and later from external environments, were poorly understood. Here, the genomes of selected strains were analyzed for preliminary indications of ecological differentiation within their population. We adopted the delta bitscore metrics to detect functional divergence of their orthologous genes and trained a random forest classifier to differentiate the genomes according to habitats (gastrointestinal vs external environment). Model was built with inclusio

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An, Hyung-Eun, Tae-June Choi, and Chang-Bae Kim. "Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Eriocheir sinensis from Wild Habitats in Han River, Korea." Life 12, no. 12 (2022): 2027. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life12122027.

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Eriocheir sinensis is an euryhaline crab found from East Asia to Europe and North America. This species can live in freshwater and seawater due to the unique physiological characteristics of their life cycle, which allows them to adapt and inhabit different habitats in a wide range of environments. Despite the wealth of studies focusing on adaptation mechanism of E. sinensis to specific environmental factors, the adaptation mechanisms to wild habitats with coexisting environmental factors are not well understood. In this study, we conducted a transcriptome analysis to investigate gene expressi

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Bisschop, Karen, Frederik Mortier, Rampal S. Etienne, and Dries Bonte. "Transient local adaptation and source–sink dynamics in experimental populations experiencing spatially heterogeneous environments." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 286, no. 1905 (2019): 20190738. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.0738.

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Local adaptation is determined by the strength of selection and the level of gene flow within heterogeneous landscapes. The presence of benign habitat can act as an evolutionary stepping stone for local adaptation to challenging environments by providing the necessary genetic variation. At the same time, migration load from benign habitats will hinder adaptation. In a community context, interspecific competition is expected to select against maladapted migrants, hence reducing migration load and facilitating adaptation. As the interplay between competition and spatial heterogeneity on the join

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Tran, Tuyen Thi, Kazuya Takahashi, Hiroaki Nishikawa, et al. "Habitat Characteristics of Camellia quephongensis and Adaptation Mechanisms in Que Phong District, North-Central Vietnam." International Journal of Plant Biology 14, no. 4 (2023): 959–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijpb14040070.

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Camellia quephongensis Hakoda et Ninh is a yellow-flowered camellia that inhabits the Que Phong District, Nghe An Province, North-Central Vietnam, and its taxon includes approximately 50 species from South China and Vietnam. Researchers have primarily focused on the taxonomy and biochemistry of medicinal substances found in camellia flowers and on horticultural studies of their propagation. Consequently, habitat characteristics and adaptation mechanisms still need to be better understood. Thus, this study investigated the habitats of C. quephongensis in terms of landscape and stand composition

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Gribb, William, and Henry Harlow. "Water Flow and Beaver Habitat in Grand Teton National Park: Adaptation to Climate Change." UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports 37 (January 1, 2014): 38–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/uwnpsrc.2014.4043.

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Beavers are a keystone species in Grand Teton National Park and are critical to the aquatic and terrestrial landscape. Modifications to their habitat by climate change impact multiple species. This study is designed to examine the current distribution and habitat of beavers in Grand Teton National Park and analyze the alterations to this distribution and habitat based on climate change. Field and aerial surveys were completed to determine the distribution of beaver colonies in Grand Teton National Park. Beaver habitat was constructed by integrating field surveys of vegetation, soils and hydrol

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Webster, Sophie E., Juan Galindo, John W. Grahame, and Roger K. Butlin. "Habitat Choice and Speciation." International Journal of Ecology 2012 (2012): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/154686.

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The role of habitat choice in reproductive isolation and ecological speciation has often been overlooked, despite acknowledgement of its ability to facilitate local adaptation. It can form part of the speciation process through various evolutionary mechanisms, yet where habitat choice has been included in models of ecological speciation little thought has been given to these underlying mechanisms. Here, we propose and describe three independent criteria underlying ten different evolutionary scenarios in which habitat choice may promote or maintain local adaptation. The scenarios are the result

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Feder, Jeffrey L., Scott P. Egan, and Andrew A. Forbes. "Ecological Adaptation and Speciation: The Evolutionary Significance of Habitat Avoidance as a Postzygotic Reproductive Barrier to Gene Flow." International Journal of Ecology 2012 (2012): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/456374.

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Habitat choice is an important component of most models of ecologically based speciation, especially when population divergence occurs in the face of gene flow. We examine how organisms choose habitats and ask whether avoidance behavior plays an important role in habitat choice, focusing on host-specific phytophagous insects as model systems. We contend that when a component of habitat choice involves avoidance, there can be repercussions that can have consequences for enhancing the potential for specialization and postzygotic reproductive isolation and, hence, for ecological speciation. We di

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Findra, Muhammad Nur, La Ode Hasrun, Nadya Adharani, and Lella Herdiana. "PERPINDAHAN ONTOGENETIK HABITAT IKAN DI PERAIRAN EKOSISTEM HUTAN MANGROVE." Media Konservasi 21, no. 3 (2017): 304–9. https://doi.org/10.29244/medkon.21.3.304-309.

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Ontogenetic of fish is a term used to study the development of the behavior of an individual throughout its life (life-span) from hatched to death. The mangrove ecosystem is a potential habitat for fish, especially the juvenile stage. Juvenile found in this habitat is an important economically fish. In various types of fish, the phenomenon of increasing the size of the fish body followed by changes in the types of food causing ontogenetic habitat of fish. It is evident in yellow snapper Lutjanus argentiventris. The juveniles live in mangrove habitat to approximately 100 mm or 300 days old, aft

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Neupane, Swatantra, and Sen Xu. "Adaptive Divergence of Meiotic Recombination Rate in Ecological Speciation." Genome Biology and Evolution 12, no. 10 (2020): 1869–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evaa182.

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Abstract Theories predict that directional selection during adaptation to a novel habitat results in elevated meiotic recombination rate. Yet the lack of population-level recombination rate data leaves this hypothesis untested in natural populations. Here, we examine the population-level recombination rate variation in two incipient ecological species, the microcrustacean Daphnia pulex (an ephemeral-pond species) and Daphnia pulicaria (a permanent-lake species). The divergence of D. pulicaria from D. pulex involved habitat shifts from pond to lake habitats as well as strong local adaptation du

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Brown, Timothy J., and Paul Handford. "Sound Design for Vocalizations: Quality in the Woods, Consistency in the Fields." Condor 102, no. 1 (2000): 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/condor/102.1.81.

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AbstractThe acoustic adaptation hypothesis (AAH) predicts that vocalizations intended for unambiguous long range communication should possess amplitude modulation (AM) characteristics such that the temporal patterning of amplitude degrades less than alternative patterns during transmission through native habitat. The specific predictions are that open habitat signals should be structured as rapid AM trills, whereas closed habitat signals should be structured as low-rate AM tonal whistles. To investigate the benefit of trill- and whistle-structured signals in open and closed habitats, respectiv

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Raul, E., S. P. Pattnayak, P. Jena, and B. A. K. Prusty. "Urban Sky Roosts: The Unconventional Adaptation of Spot-billed Pelicans to Anthropogenic Structures." zoodiversity 58, no. 6 (2024): 545–48. https://doi.org/10.15407/zoo2024.06.545.

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The expansion of urban areas has raised significant concerns about its impact on the bird community, particularly wetland-dependent species. The transformation of natural habitats into urban areas presents unique challenges and alternatives for these species, requiring a reassessment of conventional conservation paradigms. Among these species, the Spot-billed Pelican (classified as 'Near Threatened' by the IUCN and listed under schedule-IV of the IWPA) is a wetland-dependent bird indigenous to India. Instead of preferring natural habitats (wetlands), it now prefers urban habitats for roosting

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18

Zhou, Chan, Jun Feng Zhu, Hui Liang, Zhuo Zhang, and Yun Fei Yang. "Characteristics of Seed-Setting of Two Ecotypes Leymus chinensis on Heterogeneity Soil." Applied Mechanics and Materials 522-524 (February 2014): 1076–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.522-524.1076.

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Characteristics of seed-setting of two Leymus chinensisecotypes under saline-alkali soil and sandy soil habitats on Songnen plain were studied, such as number of grains and seed-setting percentage. The results showed that number of grains and seed-setting percentage of two L. chinensisecotypes fluctuated within a certain range. Variation coefficients of single spike grain number and seed-setting percentage were 79.37% and 87.2% higher. The number of grains and seed-setting percentage of two L. chinensisecotypes under saline-alkali soil habitat were lower than those under sandy soil habitat. Si

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Harris, J. Roger, and Nina Bassuk. "Adaptation of Trees to Low-Light Environments: Effect on Branching Pattern of Fraxinus Americana." Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 19, no. 6 (1993): 339–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.1993.053.

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Newly planted trees are often moved from the full sun environment of the nursery to shady locations around buildings or in urban canyons. Trees must adapt in order to survive. An adaptive strategy for trees exposed to changing irradiance levels in forest settings is the ability to change branching habit to maximize whole tree photosynthesis. The genetic ability to alter branching habit has potential adaptive value for survival in the low-light environment found in many urban landscapes. The ability to alter branching habit when growing in shady versed bright habitats was tested on Fraxinus ame

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Sonya, Endah Ratna, Opan Suhendi Suwartapradja, and Rini S. Soemarwoto. "POLA ADAPTASI MAYARAKAT TERDAMPAK PEMBANGUNAN WADUK JATIGEDE SETELAH PENGGENANGAN: STUDI KASUS DI DESA PAWENANG KECAMATAN JATINUNGGAL KABUPATEN SUMEDANG." PAPATUNG: Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi Publik, Pemerintahan dan Politik 2, no. 2 (2019): 63–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.54783/japp.v2i2.6.

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Selain “ekosistem” dengan unsur-unsurnya yang dinamis, konsep penting lain dalam ekologi manusia ialah adaptasi. Adaptasi merujuk pada suatu proses penyesuain diri manusia terhadap lingkungannya. Konsep adaptif digunakan untuk menunjukkan kecocokan organisme dengan sifat dan ciri lingkungannya sebagai tempat melangsungkan hidup. Manusia adalah organisme yang mempunyai kemampuan adaptasi yang besar. Pertanyaannya, mengapa manusia memiliki kemampuan adaptasi ekologis terhadap hampir semua jenis habitat? Organisme selain manusia mengadaptasikan dirinya melalui perubahan biologis, mereka terikat p

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Hagbi, Zohar, and David Eilam. "On heights and plains: How rodents from different habitats cope with three-dimensional environments?" PLOS ONE 17, no. 3 (2022): e0265176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0265176.

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Dwelling in a specific habitat requires adaptation to the habitat physical and biological properties in order to maximize fitness. Adaptations that are manifested in the organization of behavior in time and space reflect how the environment is perceived and utilized. Testing species from different habitats in the same laboratory environment can uncover the differences in their behavior and their adaptations to specific habitats. The question posed in this study is that of how two rodent species, one occupying flatlands (Tristram’s jird; Meriones tristrami) and the other occupying structured ro

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Wang, Qinglang, Xing’er Chen, Yue Meng, et al. "The Potential Role of Genic-SSRs in Driving Ecological Adaptation Diversity in Caragana Plants." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 4 (2024): 2084. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25042084.

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Caragana, a xerophytic shrub genus widely distributed in northern China, exhibits distinctive geographical substitution patterns and ecological adaptation diversity. This study employed transcriptome sequencing technology to investigate 12 Caragana species, aiming to explore genic-SSR variations in the Caragana transcriptome and identify their role as a driving force for environmental adaptation within the genus. A total of 3666 polymorphic genic-SSRs were identified across different species. The impact of these variations on the expression of related genes was analyzed, revealing a significan

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Laska, Alicja, Sara Magalhães, Mariusz Lewandowski, et al. "A sink host allows a specialist herbivore to persist in a seasonal source." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 288, no. 1958 (2021): 20211604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2021.1604.

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In seasonal environments, sinks that are more persistent than sources may serve as temporal stepping stones for specialists. However, this possibility has to our knowledge, not been demonstrated to date, as such environments are thought to select for generalists, and the role of sinks, both in the field and in the laboratory, is difficult to document. Here, we used laboratory experiments to show that herbivorous arthropods associated with seasonally absent main (source) habitats can endure on a suboptimal (sink) host for several generations, albeit with a negative growth rate. Additionally, th

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de los Ríos, Asunción, Rosalía Ramírez, and Pilar Estévez. "Variability of Ribonuclease Activity in Lichen Thalli." Lichenologist 31, no. 5 (1999): 533–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/lich.1999.0228.

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AbstractRNase activity in Lasallia hispanica, Parmelia omphalodes and Cornicularia normoerica collected at different times and in different habitats, have shown variability that cannot be solely attributable to variation in habitat or season. Electromorph pattern of RNase activity in L. hispanica and C. normoerica, showed variations among different collection times; some bands are constant but other showed high variability, which could be related to physiological changes. It is also noteworthy that in both species one band is exclusively present in thalli from one of the sampling localities. T

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Barton, N. H., and A. M. Etheridge. "Establishment in a new habitat by polygenic adaptation." Theoretical Population Biology 122 (July 2018): 110–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tpb.2017.11.007.

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Luo, Rui, Chen Liu, Yu Li, et al. "Comparative Genomics Analysis of Habitat Adaptation by Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens." Foods 12, no. 8 (2023): 1606. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12081606.

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Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens is often found in fermented dairy products. Many strains of this species have probiotic properties, contributing to the regulation of immune metabolism and intestinal flora. This species was added to the list of lactic acid bacteria that can be added to food in China, in 2020. However, research on the genomics of this species is scarce. In this study we undertook whole genome sequencing analysis of 82 strains of L. kefiranofaciens from different habitats, of which 9 strains were downloaded from the NCBI RefSeq (National Center for Biotechnology Information RefSeq)

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Hodge, J. R., F. Santini, and P. C. Wainwright. "Colour dimorphism in labrid fishes as an adaptation to life on coral reefs." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287, no. 1923 (2020): 20200167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.0167.

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Conspicuous coloration displayed by animals that express sexual colour dimorphism is generally explained as an adaptation to sexual selection, yet the interactions and relative effects of selective forces influencing colour dimorphism are largely unknown. Qualitatively, colour dimorphism appears more pronounced in marine fishes that live on coral reefs where traits associated with strong sexual selection are purportedly more common. Using phylogenetic comparative analysis, we show that wrasses and parrotfishes exclusive to coral reefs are the most colour dimorphic, but surprisingly, the effect

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Wang, Meng, Rui Zhang, Jiang-Ping Shu, et al. "Whole Genome Duplication Events Likely Contributed to the Aquatic Adaptive Evolution of Parkerioideae." Plants 13, no. 4 (2024): 521. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants13040521.

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As the only aquatic lineage of Pteridaceae, Parkerioideae is distinct from many xeric-adapted species of the family and consists of the freshwater Ceratopteris species and the only mangrove ferns from the genus Acrostichum. Previous studies have shown that whole genome duplication (WGD) has occurred in Parkerioideae at least once and may have played a role in their adaptive evolution; however, more in-depth research regarding this is still required. In this study, comparative and evolutionary transcriptomics analyses were carried out to identify WGDs and explore their roles in the environmenta

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Warburg, M. R., and Gad Degani. "Variations in brood size and birth rates of Salamandra salamandra (Amphibia, Urodela) from different habitats in northern Israel." Amphibia-Reptilia 16, no. 4 (1995): 341–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853895x00424.

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AbstractOvoviviparous births of larvae of Salamandra salamandra (L) were compared from a number of disjunct habitats in northern Israel, at the south-eastern limit of the Palearctic distribution of the species. The numbers, period and rate at which larvae were born varied between different habitats. In one winter pond, 90±11 larvae per brood were born at a rate of 5 per hour during December-January; in another pond, broods of 114±13 were born at 4 per hour during November-January; in a third, 112±15 were born at a rate of 4 per hour during November-December. In a perennial spring habitat, 68±2

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Leo, Kelly L., Chris L. Gillies, James A. Fitzsimons, Lynne Z. Hale, and Michael W. Beck. "Coastal habitat squeeze: A review of adaptation solutions for saltmarsh, mangrove and beach habitats." Ocean & Coastal Management 175 (June 2019): 180–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2019.03.019.

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Dejanaz, Andrea, Stefano Mammola, and Marco Isaia. "Exploring the morphospace in subterranean spiders." ARPHA Conference Abstracts 1 (September 11, 2018): e29581. https://doi.org/10.3897/aca.1.e29581.

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In light of the reduced diversity and abundance of species, subterranean habitats represent ideal models systems in which to investigate characters displacement in species sharing the same habitat. In order to minimize direct competition, it is expected that sibling species occupying the same subterranean habitat should differentiate their morphological niche. Conversely, geographically vicariant species occupying similar microhabitats should display a convergent morphology. We tested these hypotheses by studying character displacement in different species of <em>Troglohyphantes</em> Joseph, 1

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Elnaggar, Attiat, Ali El-Keblawy, Kareem A. Mosa, and Teresa Navarro. "Adaptive drought tolerance during germination of Salsola drummondii seeds from saline and nonsaline habitats of the arid Arabian deserts." Botany 97, no. 2 (2019): 123–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2018-0174.

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The effects of temperature, light, salinity, and drought on germination of halophytes have been extensively studied. However, few studies have focused on the germination of plants that grow well in both saline and nonsaline habitats (i.e., habitat-indifferent halophytes). Here, we assess the impacts of population origin, temperature, and light on drought tolerance, as simulated with polyethylene glycol (PEG), during germination of Salsola drummondii Ulbr., a habitat-indifferent halophyte from the arid Arabian deserts. Seeds were collected from both saline and nonsaline habitats and germinated

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Peng, Xiaorong, Da Yang, Qin Wang, et al. "Savanna Plants Have a Lower Hydraulic Efficiency than Co-Occurring Species in a Rainforest." Forests 15, no. 11 (2024): 1912. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f15111912.

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A plant species can have diverse hydraulic strategies to adapt to different environments. However, the water transport divergence of co-occurring species in contrasting habitats remains poorly studied but is important for understanding their ecophysiology adaptation to their environments. Here, we investigated whole-branch, stem and leaf water transport strategies and associated morphology traits of 11 co-occurring plant species in Yuanjiang valley-type savanna (YJ) with dry–hot habitats and Xishuangbanna tropical seasonal rainforest (XSBN) with wet–hot habits and tested the hypothesis that pl

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Atmoko, T. "The diversity of plant species in the proboscis monkey’s habitat as a species reference for habitat restoration." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1027, no. 1 (2022): 012023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1027/1/012023.

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Abstract Most of the Proboscis monkey (Nasalis larvatus) habitat is outside the protected area, so the potential for destruction is high. One of the efforts to improve its habitat is habitat restoration. This study aims to determine plant species for proboscis monkey habitat restoration based on reference habitats. The research was conducted at eight locations in East Kalimantan, Indonesia i.e. Kuala Samboja, Mahakam Delta, Suwi River, Ohong River, Berau Delta (mangrove and riverine), Sungai Wain, and Kutai National Park. Vegetation analysis with line-plot sampling method with a total sample o

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Siemers, Björn M., Grit Schauermann, Hendrik Turni, and Sophie von Merten. "Why do shrews twitter? Communication or simple echo-based orientation." Biology Letters 5, no. 5 (2009): 593–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2009.0378.

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Shrews are very vocal animals. We tested behaviourally whether the high-pitched laryngeal ‘twittering’ calls of as-yet unclear function serve for communication or echo-based orientation. We used a representative species from each of the two largest phylogenetic groups of shrews. In both species, experimental manipulation of substrate density, but not of the likelihood of conspecific presence, affected the shrews' call rate when exploring an unknown environment. This adaptation of call rate to the degree of habitat clutter parallels bat echolocation and suggests that shrews may use the echoes a

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Kowolik, Wiktoria, Agnieszka Hutniczak, Karolina Bierza, Barbara Bacler-Żbikowska, and Emilia-Cornelia Dunca. "The comprehensive set of plant functional traits adjusted to novel ecosystem’s habitat conditions with particular attention to the variation of leaf thickness." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1457, no. 1 (2025): 012018. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1457/1/012018.

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Abstract Plant functional traits play a crucial role in studying the mechanisms of plant adaptation to changing environmental conditions across various ecosystems, particularly in novel ecosystems. One key trait, leaf thickness, provides valuable insights into plant adaptability and resilience. This article aims to review methods for measuring leaf thickness and explore their application to habitats within novel ecosystems. Several approaches to measuring leaf thickness are available. The first involves mathematical formulas, offering a theoretical framework for estimating this trait. The seco

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Gilbert, Heather. "Amphipod Behavioral Adaptations to the Absence of Surface Water." ARPHA Conference Abstracts 1 (October 22, 2018): e30724. https://doi.org/10.3897/aca.1.e30724.

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In the Mid-Atlantic Piedmont and Coastal Plain the hypotelminorheic habitat—a shallow subterranean habitat typically underlain by a clay layer—is inhabited by many species that are both troglomorphic (reduced or absent eyes and pigment and elaborated appendages) and stygobiotic (limited to subterranean habitats). Among these is the amphipod species <em>Stygobromus tenuis potomacus. Crangonyx shoemakeri, </em>is a stygophile that also occurs in wetlands as well as the hypotelminorheic. A third amphipod is occasionally found in seeps, most commonly those with direct connections to permanent surf

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Yang, Leyu, Hongfei Zhuang, Shenghao Liu, et al. "Estimating the Spatial Distribution and Future Conservation Requirements of the Spotted Seal in the North Pacific." Animals 13, no. 20 (2023): 3260. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13203260.

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Local adaptation has been increasingly involved in the designation of species conservation strategies to response to climate change. Marine mammals, as apex predators, are climatechange sensitive, and their spatial distribution and conservation requirements are critically significant for designing protection strategies. In this study, we focused on an ice-breeding marine mammal, the spotted seal (Phoca largha), which exhibits distinct morphological and genetic variations across its range. Our objectives were to quantify the ecological niches of three spotted seal populations, construct the spe

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Comer, Patrick J., and Emily Seddon. "Climate Change Adaptation Zones for Terrestrial Ecosystems—A Demonstration with Pinyon-Juniper Woodlands in the USA." Forests 14, no. 8 (2023): 1533. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14081533.

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Decision support tools are needed to ensure that appropriately timed and place-based adaptation is deployed in natural resource policy, planning, and management. Driven by accelerating climate change, analytical frameworks for adaptation are emerging to assist with these decisions. There is a natural relationship between climate change vulnerability assessments and adaptation responses, where low to high relative climate change vulnerability suggests “resistance” to “transformation” strategies for adaptation. The NatureServe Habitat Climate Change Vulnerability Index (HCCVI) embodies a process

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HOLMÉR, JENNIE, and MICHAEL GREEN. "EVOLUTION OF PREY POLYMORPHISM INDUCED BY LEARNING PREDATORS." Journal of Biological Systems 19, no. 02 (2011): 319–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218339011003944.

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A prey species using crypsis to avoid predators has the opportunity to evolve polymorphic crypsis when it is being exposed to two (or more) habitats with different backgrounds. Here, we investigate when this phenomenon can occur, in a simulation study with a sexually reproducing prey and a predator that can learn to find hiding prey, represented by an artificial neural network. Initially, the prey is well adapted to one habitat, but tries to expand its range by invading another, different, habitat. This can cause the prey to evolve toward an intermediate phenotype, equally cryptic in both habi

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Kabir, Md Humayon, Raf Ana Rabbi Shawon, Md Kamrul Haque, et al. "Enhancing Conservation Strategies for Wild and Migratory Bird Habitats in South Asia: A Comprehensive Review." Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology 23, no. 1 (2024): 73–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajee/2024/v23i1522.

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Birds are important elements of an environment. The review articles show the significance, challenges, and conservation strategies for wild and migratory bird habitats in South Asia which have diverse landscapes host crucial ecosystems, providing breeding grounds, stopovers, and wintering areas for countless bird species. Anthropogenic activities, climate change, pollution, and invasive species threaten these habitats, necessitating effective conservation measures. Habitat assessment, monitoring, restoration techniques, and adaptation strategies are explored. The impact of climate change on bi

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Danks, H. V. "How aquatic insects live in cold climates." Canadian Entomologist 139, no. 4 (2007): 443–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/n06-100.

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AbstractIn cold climates most aquatic habitats are frozen for many months. Nevertheless, even in such regions the conditions in different types of habitat, in different parts of one habitat, and from one year to the next can vary considerably; some water bodies even allow winter growth. Winter cold and ice provide challenges for aquatic insects, but so do high spring flows, short, cool summers, and unpredictable conditions. General adaptations to cope with these constraints, depending on species and habitat, include the use of widely available foods, increased food range, prolonged development

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Koehn, John D., Alistair J. Hobday, Morgan S. Pratchett, and Bronwyn M. Gillanders. "Climate change and Australian marine and freshwater environments, fishes and fisheries: synthesis and options for adaptation." Marine and Freshwater Research 62, no. 9 (2011): 1148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf11139.

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Anthropogenic climate change is already apparent and will have significant, ongoing impacts on Australian fishes and their habitats. Even with immediate actions to reduce greenhouse gases, there will be sustained environmental changes. Therefore, it is necessary to consider appropriate adaptations to minimise detrimental impacts for both fishes and the human populations that utilise them. Climate change will have a range of direct effects on the physiology, fitness, and survivorship of Australia’s marine, estuarine and freshwater fishes, but also indirect effects via habitat degradation and ch

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Ostridge, Harrison J., Claudia Fontsere, Esther Lizano, et al. "Local genetic adaptation to habitat in wild chimpanzees." Science 387, no. 6730 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adn7954.

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How populations adapt to their environment is a fundamental question in biology. Yet, we know surprisingly little about this process, especially for endangered species, such as nonhuman great apes. Chimpanzees, our closest living relatives, are particularly notable because they inhabit diverse habitats, from rainforest to woodland-savannah. Whether genetic adaptation facilitates such habitat diversity remains unknown, despite it having wide implications for evolutionary biology and conservation. By using newly sequenced exomes from 828 wild chimpanzees (388 postfiltering), we found evidence of

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Yuan, Wei, Massimo Pigliucci, and Christina L. Richards. "Rapid phenotypic differentiation in the iconic Japanese knotweed s.l. invading novel habitats." Scientific Reports 14, no. 1 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-64109-1.

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AbstractUnderstanding the mechanisms that underlie plant invasions is critical for management and conservation of biodiversity. At the same time, invasive species also provide a unique opportunity to study rapid adaptation to complex environmental conditions. Using four replicate reciprocal transplant experiments across three habitats, we described patterns of phenotypic response and assessed the degree of local adaptation in knotweed populations. We found plants from beach habitats were generally smaller than plants from marsh and roadside habitats when grown in their home habitat. In the mar

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Berasategui, Jessica A., Anže Žerdoner Čalasan, and Gudrun Kadereit. "Biogeography of Australian Camphorosmeae and Diversification in Climatic Space and Across Arid Habitat Types." Ecology and Evolution 14, no. 11 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.70558.

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ABSTRACTThis study investigates the biogeography of the Australian Camphorosmeae (Amaranthaceae s.l.) lineage and how it relates to shifts in climatic niche and habitat types. Building on previous research and data resources, we integrate molecular phylogenetics, bioclimatic data and biogeographical models to deepen our understanding of the diversification and adaptation of this group across Australia's diverse landscapes in relation to palaeoclimatic changes. For 159 species representing 12 genera, georeferenced distribution points were used to define the most informative bioclimatic variable

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Briski, Elizabeta, Louisa Langrehr, Syrmalenia G. Kotronaki, et al. "Urban Environments Promote Adaptation to Multiple Stressors." Ecology Letters 28, no. 2 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.70074.

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ABSTRACTAnthropogenic activities have drastically changed environmental conditions worldwide, negatively impacting biodiversity and ecosystem services. At the same time, the majority of the human population lives in urban areas that are greatly altered from natural habitats. Nevertheless, many species thrive in these urban environments. To improve our knowledge of evolution and adaptation in these anthropogenically impacted habitats, we conducted the widest series of stress experiments to date with three marine taxa: one mussel and two gammarid species. We compared intraspecific populations fr

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Acuña‐Rodríguez, Ian S., Gabriel I. Ballesteros, Pedro E. Gundel, et al. "Fungal endophyte symbionts enhance plant adaptation in Antarctic habitats." Physiologia Plantarum 176, no. 6 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ppl.14589.

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AbstractDespite their genetic adaptation to local conditions, plants often achieve ecological success through symbiotic associations with fungal endophytes. However, the habitat‐specific functionality of these interactions and their potential to drive plant adaptation to new environments remain uncertain. In this study, we tested this using the vascular flora of the Antarctic tundra (Colobanthus quitensis and Deschampsia antarctica), an extreme environment where fungal endophytes are known for playing important ecological roles. After characterizing the root‐associated fungal endophyte communi

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Soliz, Mónica Carina, Virginia Abdala, and María José Tulli. "The ecological drivers of variation in pectoral girdle anatomy in frogs." Acta Zoologica, January 29, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/azo.12494.

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AbstractIn this ecomorphological study, we investigate how the ventral pectoral girdle morphology of anurans correlates with their locomotor modes, habitat preferences, and phylogenetic relationships. We analysed 18 morphometric variables of the pectoral girdle's ventral region across 19 anuran species, encompassing diverse locomotion modes (jumping, hopping, walking, and swimming) and habitats (arboreal, bushy, terrestrial, and aquatic). Our findings, predominantly explained by the Ornstein–Uhlenbeck model, reveal evolutionary adaptations in pectoral girdle morphology driven by habitat‐specif

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Bujdoš, Dalimil, Jens Walter, and Paul W. O’Toole. "aurora: a machine learning gwas tool for analyzing microbial habitat adaptation." Genome Biology 26, no. 1 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13059-025-03524-7.

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Abstract A primary goal of microbial genome-wide association studies is identifying genomic variants associated with a particular habitat. Existing tools fail to identify known causal variants if the analyzed trait shaped the phylogeny. Furthermore, due to inclusion of allochthonous strains or metadata errors, the stated sources of strains in public databases are often incorrect, and strains may not be adapted to the habitat from which they were isolated. We describe a new tool, aurora, that identifies autochthonous strains and the genes associated with habitats while acknowledging the potenti

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