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Mancuso, Carolyn Joanne. "Using Habit Reversal to Decrease Filled Pauses and Nervous Habits in Public Speaking." Scholar Commons, 2013. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5066.
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Public speaking is a challenge faced by people from all walks of life. Research in the area of public speaking has focused on examining techniques to reduce public speaking anxiety. Very little research, however, has focused on the acquisition of public speaking skills. While presenting speeches, many people engage in nervous habits that have the potential to decrease the effectiveness of the speech and their credibility as a speaker. This study evaluated the effectiveness of simplified habit reversal in reducing three of these nervous habits: filled pauses, tongue clicking, and inappropriate use of the word like. Following baseline, participants received simplified habit reversal training that consisted of awareness training and competing response training. During post-intervention assessments all 6 participants exhibited an immediate decrease in all three target behaviors.
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Pagoto, Sherry L., Vinayak K. Nahar, Christine Frisard, David E. Conroy, Stephenie C. Lemon, Jessica Oleski, and Joel Hillhouse. "A Comparison of Tanning Habits Among Gym Tanners and Other Tanners." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2785.
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Hirsch, Christopher. "Online News Habits: Related Motives, Context, and Behavior." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1512289680289342.
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White, Susan G. "Civic Habits: A Predictive Model of Volunteer Behavior." VCU Scholars Compass, 2008. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/862.
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The findings of this research indicate that volunteering is influenced by a number of factors, one of which is gender. The data used in this study reveal a different profile of the volunteer than is presented in much of the research on volunteering, which tends to profile the "most likely" volunteer as female, employed by the public sector, possessing a higher education and having children. The questions addressed in this research are: 1) What are the contextual effects of volunteering and 2) Is there a relationship of one or more of these effects to gender? The findings indicate men in this sample were not only more likely to volunteer, but were more likely to engage in volunteer activities that included political and civic roles. In addition, men were able to volunteer more hours as their family ties increased. The hours women volunteered were found to decrease as family ties increased. Women were less likely to volunteer for political and civic activities and more likely to volunteer for roles that included the care of children, elderly and family-oriented activities. These findings have implications for how volunteer activities contribute to the building of social and political resources for both men and women and bring to light how gendered definitions dominate patterns of civic engagement.
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Spieler, Claire. "Using Awareness Training to Decrease Nervous Habits in Public Speaking." Scholar Commons, 2015. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5577.
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Research on components of habit reversal suggests that awareness training alone may be an effective and efficient intervention for reducing nervous habits. This study evaluated the effectiveness of awareness training for the reduction of three nervous habits that manifest in public speaking: filled pauses, tongue clicks, and inappropriate use of the word "like." Four university students delivered short speeches during baseline and assessment sessions. Awareness training consisted of response description and response detection. Awareness training resulted in meaningful reductions in target behaviors for all participants. Booster awareness training sessions were necessary for all participants to achieve further reductions in target behaviors. Generalization probes conducted in front of a small audience indicated that treatment effects generally maintained at low levels. Social validity scores indicated that the treatment was acceptable, and participants indicated not only decreased use of verbal fillers, but also improved overall public speaking ability post-treatment. Although awareness training was effective, it was not more efficient than simplified habit reversal.
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Lindberg, Li. "Health related lifestyle habits of Swedish schoolchildren : studies on knowledge, conception and behaviour /." Stockholm, 2006. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2006/91-7140-767-7/.
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Rossi, Audrey Laëtitia. "Generation Y online shopping behaviors and habits." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2302.
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Online marketing opportunites regarding the teenage market are often underestimated due to the fact that the general information to date is neither particular, specific nor exact. Therefore, this project aims at giving guidelines for webmarketers willing to capture the "consumers of tomorrow".
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Kato, Brigitta Andrea, and Lisa Derman. "Problematic gaming habits, perceived stigma and help-seeking behavior among gamers." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för kultur och samhälle, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-167722.
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Exaggerated gaming is a rising issue both in Sweden and internationally that has a negative effect on many lives. It can be a cause of isolation which leads to various social consequences. It can cause economic problems due to large amounts of money being spent on games or in-game purchases or because of prioritizing gaming before going to work or studying. Excessive gaming has been categorized as a disorder/addiction since mid-2018 by the World Health Organisation based on reviews done on the available evidence and consensus among experts from different disciplines. However, there are not a lot of studies regarding the kind of help that is available as well as how likely those that have gaming disorder seek help nor are there many studies about stigma around the phenomenon. The aim of our study was to investigate if perceived stigma has any effect on whether or not and to what extent people who have problematic gaming habits decide to seek help as well as where they turn, should they have gaming disorder. We also want to see if problematic gaming habits increase the level of perceived stigma. Our hypotheses were therefore the following: H1: the more someone’s gaming habits are close to those of someone with a gaming disorder, the higher the perceived stigma becomes around the phenomenon. H2: the greater the perceived stigma is, the less likely a person is to seek help for their problem H3: the greater the perceived stigma, the less likely a person is to turn to professionals for help. We constructed a survey and distributed it on forums that discuss gaming related issues hoping to reach as many gamers as possible and we got a total of 177 responses. After having done the analysis in SPSS, our result showed that there was a weak positive correlation between problematic gaming habits and perceived stigma. We also found that the level of perceived stigma did not influence whether they would seek help or not. When it came to seeking help from professionals, we found statistically significant data relating to stigma and seeking professional help in that the higher the perceived stigma was, the more likely the individual was to seek professional help.
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Searles, Jennifer L. "Habits for Healthy Eating in Early Pregnancy." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin155412029558915.
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Tomasulo, Gregory C. "The relationship of abuse to women's health status and health habits." Ohio : Ohio University, 2004. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1103233433.
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Stanley, Brooke Leigh. "Effects of Sleep Habits on Children Displaying Behavioral Problems in School." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1311087124.
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Long, Daniel Wayne. "Exploring Generational Differences in Text Messaging Usage and Habits." Diss., NSUWorks, 2018. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/1060.
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Members of society today embrace multiple communication media for various purposes and intents. Text messaging has been identified as the medium of choice for continual relationship maintenance and text messaging from mobile devices overshadows all other media forms for the support of social connections. Text messaging is changing everything from how operators market their plans to how advertisers and service providers reach consumers. But just as technology usage of social media and internet access are different across generational boundaries, text messaging usage and habits may also be different for various generational groups. The majority of peer-reviewed research regarding text messaging usage habits has focused on adolescent and young adult users with less attention on text messaging usage habits by older adults; there is a scarcity of peer-reviewed research examining cross-generation text messaging habits and texting usage patterns. The primary goal of this study was to assess the similarities and differences in text messaging usage habits, purposes, and support of social connections differentiated by five of the commonly designated generational groups in America; the Post-War Silent Generation, Baby Boomers, Generation X, Millennials, and Generation Z. A mixed methods study provided data on the text messaging usage habits of members of the generational groups using a pool of adult college students, members of the researcher’s LinkedIn network, and data from a survey service to determine to what extent differences and similarities exist between users’ text messaging usage habits within each generational group. Results indicated generational group membership has a significant effect on a participant’s messaging volume (UV), text messaging partner choices (TMPC), and text messaging social habits (SH), regardless of gender, education level, or employment status. The older the generational group, the more likely they are to prefer talking over texting and to have issues with the device interface. The Post-War Silent generation texts their spouses the least of any group, while Generation X texts their spouses the most, and all generational groups with the exception of Generation Z would limit texting while driving. Generational characteristics seem to have some influence over texting behaviors. Contributions to the existing body of knowledge in the human computer interaction field include an investigation of factors that contribute to each generational group’s willingness to embrace or reject the text messaging medium, and an investigation into the into how each generation views and exploits the texting medium.
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Girolami, Peter A. "The use of analog functional analysis in assessing the function of mealtime behavior problems." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 1999. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=633.
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Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 1999.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 77 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 40-47).
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Eriksson, Louise. "Pro-environmental travel behavior : The importance of attitudinal factors, habits, and transport policy measures." Doctoral thesis, Umeå, 2008. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?u20=9789172646261.
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Lividini, Michelle D. "Health Habits, Wellness, and Behavior of Male Student Athletes Participating in High School Sports." Thesis, City University of New York, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3561617.
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Muscle Dysmorphia (MD) is a pathological preoccupation with muscularity, more common in men than in women. MD is estimated to affect several hundreds of thousands of individuals. There has been little research related to MD in the male adolescent population and the prevalence is unknown. The mean age of onset of MD is estimated to be 19 years, and sports participation increases the risk for developing MD as well as other psychological difficulties. The pilot study revealed a potential relationship between MD symptoms and athletic and academic performance, low levels of self-esteem, high levels of perfectionist qualities, and use of performance-enhancing drugs. This study was conducted to substantiate previous findings and to understand MD symptomatology among male adolescent student athletes and its relation to athletic and academic performance as well as media influence, low levels of self-esteem, high levels of perfectionist qualities, and the use of performance-enhancing drugs. Participants included 67 male student athletes ages 14 through 18 who completed a four-page questionnaire. Results showed that MD symptomatology is prevalent among male high school athletes and is positively correlated with perfectionism and media influence. Current findings indicate the need for school programs and treatments to address MD symptoms. Further, the results offer important implications for school psychologists to make meaningful contributions in the school system through professional development to staff, counseling for students, and collaboration with parents.
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Krzeski, Erin. "Using the Theory of Planned Behavior to Understand Drink Choices in Southwest Virginians." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32279.
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Background: Between 1977 and 2002, the per capita intake of caloric beverages doubled in the United States, with most recent data from 2005â 2006 showing that children and adults consume about 172 and 175 kcal daily, respectively, from sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) (Brownell et al., 2009). Also, a high intake of SSB has been related to many adverse health outcomes including type 2 diabetes, obesity, dental carries and heart disease (Malik, Schulze, & Hu, 2006; Vartanian, Schwartz, & Brownell, 2007; Schulze et al., 2004; Ismail, Sohn, Lim, & Willem, 2009; Fung et al., 2009); however, few studies have explored factors that influence SSB consumption. In addition, no theory-based interventions have been implemented targeting this public health problem.
Objective: The primary objective of this study was to apply the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) (Ajzen, 1991) to investigate culturally specific attitudes, subjective norms and behavioral capabilities related to SSB, water, and artificially sweetened drink consumption among adults residing in rural Southwest Virginia. In addition, programmatic issues related to implementation of SSB interventions, including small group sessions and interactive voice response (IVR) technology was explored.
Methods: A total of 8 focus groups were completed with 54 participants. Each focus group took place with residents from one of the 11 identified rural Southwest Virginia counties. Four focus groups included individuals on city water and four contained residents on well water to investigate any discrepancies in attitudes, norms and perceived behavioral control related to the intake of various drinks. Participants needed to be at least 18 years of age, English speaking, and consume >1 cup of SSB per day. A semi-structured script guided by the TPB constructs was used to facilitate the focus group discussions. All focus groups were transcribed verbatim. Two researchers independently reviewed the transcripts and met to identify major themes and develop a coding system. Three researchers independently coded meaning units (MU) to the major themes and subsequently met to review codes and reconcile disagreements.
Results: The most notable themes that emerged included taste (n= 161 MU), availability/convenience (n= 95 MU), cost (n= 28 MU), and habit/addiction (n= 57 MU). Participants also continuously emphasized the importance of their doctorâ s advice and health concerns on their beverage choices. The majority of the participants (n=27 MU) indicated they would be willing to participate in a program with three small group sessions and phone calls, yet when asked specifically about receiving multiple interactive voice technology telephone messages, most participants said that they would not be receptive to an automated message (n=21 MU).
Conclusions: Collectively, these findings provide unique cultural insight to better understand the salient beliefs associated with beverage behaviors and helps inform intervention development and delivery in the targeted vulnerable region of Southwest Virginia.Master of Science
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Blaser, Lisa Marie. "The Impact of a University Wellness Requirement on Student Nutrition and Physical Activity Behavior." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2005. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/269.
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Purpose: The Brigham Young University General Education Wellness Program has three options available to students to fulfill the programs requirement. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of these three wellness options. Specifically we wanted to know; does the university wellness requirement affect student nutrition and physical activity behaviors and do the various options available differ in their abilities to impact student nutrition and physical activity behaviors?
Methods: A three-group pretest/posttest design was used and a survey was administered, at both the beginning and end of the semester, to all students enrolled in HEPE 129, live and online, and all 100 level Physical Education activity classes. The final study design included 303 student responses from HEPE live, 551 responses from HEPE online and 270 responses from the activity classes. Data analysis of between and within group differences was conducted for each nutrition and physical activity behavior.
Results: HEPE online students had small but significant improvements in estimated VO2 max, and in the percentage of students who ate bran or whole grain cereal once/day or more. The activity classes increased significantly for almost all of the physical activity behaviors including estimated VO2 max, days/week of moderate activity, and the percent of students getting 30 minutes/day of vigorous activity, but only one of the nutrition behaviors, whole wheat food intake. HEPE live students increased for every variable, some more significantly than others.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that of the three wellness options offered at Brigham Young University, the HEPE live class had the largest impact on improving nutrition and physical activity behaviors across a one semester time period, the activity classes had the next largest impact, and HEPE online had the least impact.
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Beiswenger, Lisa Marie. "Entertainment, Provisioning, and Shopping Habits at North Market, Columbus, Ohio." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1337371101.
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von, Seth Julia, and Rebecca Bengtsson. "(O)vanan att ta bilen : Motiv bakom bilanvändning till och från arbetet." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-20984.
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Tidigare forskning visar att kvinnor oftare reser kollektivt och att män kör mer bil till och från arbetet. Det framgår att vanor och miljömedvetenhet förklarar en del av människors resmönster. Studier visar också att kvinnor värderar bilens symbolvärde lägre än män. I samarbete med Eskilstuna kommun genomfördes en enkätundersökning med 2299 anställda vid Eskilstuna kommun, varav 491 män. Syftet med studien var att närmare undersöka motiv bakom bilanvändning och om dessa motiv skiljer sig åt mellan män och kvinnor i Eskilstuna kommun. Deltagarna besvarade frågor som berörde personliga resurser, vanor, bilens symbolvärde och inställning till miljön. Studien visar att de som använder bil till och från arbetet, har en större tendens att använda bil även i andra sammanhang. Det visade sig även att kvinnor reser med bil i större utsträckning till och från arbetet än män, vilket vidare bör undersökas då resultatet går emot tidigare forskning.
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Doll-Speck, Lori Jo. "Study Behavior of Nursing Students." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1182687105.
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Karam, Helen. "The association of family food environment and lifestyle behavior with dietary habits of Quebec children." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66914.
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This cross-sectional study described the dietary and lifestyle habits of Québec children who are at high risk of overweight. Dietary intake was assessed by 24-hour recall; physical activity was evaluated using a 7-day physical activity recall. Dietary measures included energy and nutrient intake, junk food, fast food, fruit and vegetable, soft drink and high sugar drink consumption. The family environment correlates included: breakfast skipping, family supper, restaurant foods, television viewing during supper, children's weight, parents' weight, physical activity level and sedentary behaviour. Children who skipped breakfast had lower calcium and fiber intakes, daughters of obese mothers consumed more soft drinks, boys who watched more television during supper had lower fiber intakes, boys who performed more activities consumed less junk food and more fruits and vegetables, while girls who exercised more had lower intakes of fat. This analysis provides insights into correlates of food intake in children.Cette étude transversale a évalué l'alimentation et l'activité physique des enfants Québecois qui sont à risque d'embonpoint. Les donnés ont ete recueillies à l'aide de trois rappels de 24 heures et d'un questionnaire sur l'activité physique. Les mesures diétetiques incluent: l'énergie, les nutriements, junk food, fast food, légumes et fruits, boissons gazeuses, et boissons sucrées. Les facteurs de l'environnement familial qui influencent l'alimentation incluent: sauter le petit déjeuner, souper avec la famille, regarder la télé pendant le souper, le poids des enfants, le poids des parents, l'activité physique et les habitudes sédentaires. Les enfants qui sautent le petit déjeuner ont un apport plus faible en calcium et fibres, les filles de mères obèses consomment plus de boissons gazeuses, les garcons qui regardent la télé frequemment durant le souper ont un apport plus faible en fibres, les garcons plus sportifs ont un apport plus élevé en legumes et fruits et plus faible en junk food, les filles sportives consomment moins de matières grasses. Cette étude a éclairci les determinants de l'alimentation chez les enfants.
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Smith, Mathew T. "What Role Do Parents Play in the Media Habits and Possible Problematic Behavior of Their Children." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1235586888.
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Rudolph, Marie Joanne. "The difference in cognitive and emotional coping skills used by successful and unsuccessful weight loss mantainers /." Access Digital Full Text version, 1995. http://pocketknowledge.tc.columbia.edu/home.php/bybib/11793302.
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Thesis (Ed.D.)--Teachers College, Columbia University, 1995.Includes tables. Typescript; issued also on microfilm. Sponsor: Isabel Contento. Dissertation Committee: Sharon R. Akabas. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 206-215).
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Lanzini, Pietro <1978>. "Pro-environmental spillover in consumer behavior : existence and drivers." Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/3069.
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La tesi analizza il tema dello spillover fra comportamenti eco-sostenibili, e si basa su un panel study (questionari online pre e post manipolazione sperimentale) condotto su un campione di studenti dell´Universita´di Århus, in Danimarca. Il primo capitolo analizza l´esistenza stessa dell´effetto spillover, dimostrando che questi si verifica ma limitatamente a comportamenti semplici ed immediati. Il secondo capitolo analizza il ruolo giocato dagli habits come moderatori dell´effetto spillover. Si dimostra che le abitudini giocano un ruolo rilevante nel forgiare le traiettorie di spillover, con individui piu´abitudinari nel target behavior piu´ proni a subire contaminazioni positive di comportamenti sostenibili. Il terzo capitolo affronta il tema degli incentivi e di come questi agiscano sul processo di spillover; i risultati suggeriscono come la natura degli incentivi (monetari vs verbali) non giochi un ruolo rilevante come moderatore dello spillover.The thesis focuses on pro-environmental spillover, and is based on a panel study (pre and post-intervention online surveys) on a sample of students from Århus University, Denmark. Essay 1 analyzes the existence itself of spillover, showing that this is limited to simple and painless behaviors. Essay 2 focuses on the role played by habits as moderator of the spillover effect. Results show that habits do play a relevant role in shaping spillover trajectories, with individuals holding strong habits in the target behavior being more likely to experience stronger spillover. Essay 3 deals with the role played by incentives in spurring spillover; results suggest that the nature of rewards (monetary vs praise) is not a relevant factor in moderating spillover.
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Steadman, Pamela Lea. "An examination of the relationship between perceived parental involvement and adolescent eating and exercise habits /." View online ; access limited to URI, 2006. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/fullcit/3225331.
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Dunphy, Marilyn Jane Myers. "An exploratory study to assess food behavior outcomes of a one- time nutrition intervention event." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/44630.
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This research was conducted in an effort to substantiate the effect of nutrition counseling delivered at a local cholesterol screening clinic. It developed a method of measuring dietary habit changes conducive to a cholesterol- lowering diet. Hypercholesterolemic subjects were chosen for the study when their total blood cholesterol measured > 200 mg/dl from a Reflotron cholesterol screening device. At that time they were asked to fill out a dietary habit pre-test. Pre-tests from six subjects who did not receive nutrition counseling at the clinic were placed in the control group. Pre-tests from 15 subjects who received nutrition counseling at the clinic served as the test group.
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Smith, Mathew. "What role do parents play in the media habits and possible problematic behavior of their children /." Connect to resource online, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1235586888.
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DeRidder, Elizabeth Slane Kathleen W. "Felix convivum platters and transformations of dining behavior in the Roman world /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/6731.
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The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on March 19, 2010). Thesis advisor: Dr. Kathleen Warner Slane. Includes bibliographical references.
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Saleminik, Motahareh. "Power of Napping`Designing a Tool to Promote Napping Behavior’." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1595848274679832.
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Kambhampaty, S. Murthy. "An analytic model of the food comsumption behavior of health-conscious individuals." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39736.
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Evidence of changing patterns of food consumption behavior is presented. Previous attempts at explaining these changes are critically reviewed and the need for an alternate approach is identified. A model of consumer behavior in which utility from food consumption is maximized subject to outlay for foods and limits on the consumption of fat, cholesterol, sodium, and/or other food components is proposed. This model yields a system of demands that are functions of prices and outlay as well as the composition of food and limits on the consumption of these components.
The structure of this model is examined and restrictions on consumer food demands are derived. The derivation of individual demands based on the proposed model is demonstrated using a specific indirect utility function. Tests of the joint hypotheses that fat or cholesterol consumption determines food demand are defined. The computation of aggregate food demand elasticities with respect to changes in prices and changes in attributes such as fat or cholesterol consumption is demonstrated. Data necessary for estimating the parameters of the model and testing hypotheses are identified.
The model proposed in this study allows tests of the hypothesis that food demands are not affected by food composition as well as measurement of these effectsPh. D.
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Lindner, Anders. "Unilateral posterior cross-bite in preschool children with special references to sucking habits a clinical and experimental study /." Stockholm : Kongl. Carolinska Medico Chirurgiska Institutet, 1991. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/23913354.html.
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Hirakuri, Valter Levino. "A comunidade e dieta de pequenos mamíferos em uma área de caatinga no Alto Sertão Sergipano." Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, 2013. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/4444.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorConsidering the habitat influence in the occurrence of animal species and feeding ecology as a key factor on community dynamics, the relationship between habitat components and species richness and the abundance of small mammals community were evaluated, as well as the diet characterization of these species at Caatinga‟s area in Sergipe, Brazil. The capture-mark-recapture (CMR) method was applied at the Grota do Angico Natural Monument (MNGA), 100 Sherman‟s® traps were arranged in four sites (dense hiperxerophytic Caatinga) from July 2012 to February 2013. Monthly, the habitat variables and invertebrates availability were measured. Fecal samples were collected for food items identification. Twenty-four individuals belonging to three species, two marsupials (Gracilinanus agilis, N = 17 and Didelphis al-biventris, N = 1) and one rodent (Wiedomys pyrrhorhinus, N = 6) were captured, the recapture rate was 25%. The richness found was lower than other studies described in this biome. High habitat similarity were observed between the study sites, due to the high amount of litter, and the differences among them were influenced by components such as rock, cactus and brome-liads. The only habitat variable that positively influenced the abundance of G. agilis was the amount of bromeliads, there was no such relationship with W. pyrrhorhinus. Thirty seven fecal samples were collected, nine of W. pyrrhorhinus (all male samples) and 28 of G. agilis (11 female samples and 17 male samples). In these two species intake sample were identified eight invertebrates orders (Hymenoptera, Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Lepidoptera, Blattodea, Or-thoptera, Isoptera e Araneae), pulp and seeds were also registered. This is the first study on the feeding habits of W. pyrrhorhinus and G. agilis in Caatinga‟s biome . The two species showed high rates of arthropods intake and the diet composition of marsupial was similar to others studies in Cerrado biome, although in this study the proportions of consumption were higher. There were two food items new records‟ to G. agilis: Blattodea and Pilosocereus gou-nellei (Cactaceae) seeds. No difference was found between the sexes in the diet of G. agilis, however largest consumer of Hymenoptera by males and Orthoptera by females. Besides this study showed that marsupial has opportunistic feeding habits, consuming the more available arthropods orders in the environment.
Considerando a influência do habitat na ocorrência das espécies e a ecologia alimentar como fatores importantes na dinâmica das comunidades, foi avaliada a relação entre os componen-tes do habitat e a riqueza e abundância de pequenos mamíferos e caracterizada a dieta das espécies em uma área de Caatinga no Alto Sertão Sergipano. O estudo foi realizado no Mo-numento Natural Grota do Angico (MNGA), utilizando-se o método de captura-marcação-recaptura (CMR) por meio de 100 armadilhas tipo Sherman®, dispostas em quatro sítios (caa-tinga hiperxerófila densa) de julho de 2012 a fevereiro de 2013. Adicionalmente, mensurou-se mensalmente as variáveis do habitat e a disponibilidade de invertebrados. Além disso, foram coletadas amostras de material fecal para a identificação dos itens alimentares consumidos. Foram capturados 24 indivíduos pertencentes a três espécies, sendo dois marsupiais (Gracili-nanus agilis, N = 17 e Didelphis albiventris, N = 1) e um roedor (Wiedomys pyrrhorhinus, N = 6); com uma taxa de recaptura de 25%. A riqueza desse estudo foi inferior ao descritos em outros trabalhos no bioma. Os sítios apresentaram alta similaridade em relação ao habitat de-vido a elevada quantidade de serrapilheira e as diferenças entre eles foram influenciadas por componentes como rocha, cacto e bromélia. Dentre as variáveis do habitat, apenas a quanti-dade de bromélias influenciou positivamente a abundância de G. agilis e não houve nenhuma relação destas com W. pyrrhorhinus. Foram coletadas 37 amostras de fezes, sendo nove de W. pyrrhorhinus (todas de indivíduos machos) e 28 de G. agilis (11 amostras de fêmeas e 17 de machos). Foram identificadas oito ordens de invertebrados consumidas pelas duas espécies (Hymenoptera, Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Lepidoptera, Blattodea, Orthoptera, Isoptera e Arane-ae), além do registro de polpa e sementes. Esse é o primeiro estudo sobre o hábito alimentar de W. pyrrhorhinus e G. agilis em área de Caatinga. As duas espécies apresentaram elevadas taxas de consumo de artrópodes e a composição da dieta do marsupial se apresentou similar aos demais estudos realizados em Cerrado; porém nesse estudo as proporções de consumo foram superiores. Dois novos registros de itens alimentares para G. agilis foram obtidos: Blat-todea e sementes de Pilosocereus gounellei (Cactaceae). Não constatou-se diferença na dieta entre os sexos de G. agilis, entretanto houve o maior consumo de Hymenoptera por machos e de Orthoptera pelas fêmeas. Além disso, nesse estudo, esse marsupial apresentou um hábito oportunista, consumindo os representantes das ordens que estavam mais disponíveis no ambiente
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Rydevik, Elin. "Evaluating the use of photography for monitoring feeding habits of common murre (Uria aalge)." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-181913.
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Seabirds are often used as indicator species for changes in marine ecosystems due to the species visibility and sensitivity to changing conditions, such as changes in prey abundance. They often reside in habitats affected by anthropogenic impacts such as large-scale fisheries and pollution. Understanding the connection between seabirds and their surrounding environment can give us important insight about the ecology of the ocean and how anthropogenic pressures affects it. Studying feeding habits, and foraging behavior especially, is useful for understanding seabird´s responses to changing environments. Feeding studies are commonly used in seabird monitoring and requires a lot of time and resources. Monitoring of seabirds are also logistically challenging, and the risk of disturbing bird colonies must be considered. It can be especially complicated when studying cliff nesting seabirds such as the common murre, Uria aalge, the study species for this thesis. Photography as a method for monitoring seabirds may limit the need of people on site, hence minimize disturbance and save time and resources. This study provides insight in whether it is a viable option to use photography instead of on-site field studies when monitoring sea birds. This was accomplished by installing cameras and monitor a feeding study at Stora Karlsö, Sweden, parallel with performing the usual monitoring in the field. This thesis makes it clear that a camera study very well could replace the field study without any larger concerns, although, improvements need to be considered if the study is to maintain a high quality and for results to be reliable.
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Cartwright, Amanda R. "Physical activity and its association with selected dietary behaviors." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2001. http://www.oregonpdf.org.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of North Texas, 2001.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 26-32). Also available online (PDF file) by a subscription to the set or by purchasing the individual file.
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Nasir, Usman. "Health behavior of school aged children in Pakistan: a comparative study." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140214_090330-60700.
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Aim. To observe and evaluate the health behaviour in school aged children and to get key insights into the health related behaviours of young people.
Objectives. To analize and evaluate health behaviours among boys and girls in Pakistan. To analize and evaluate health-risk behaviors among boys and girls in Pakistan.To compare health behaviours of adolescents in Pakistan and Lithuania.
Methods. Health Behavior in School aged Children (HBSC) questionnaire was used in this study. Questionnaire survey was carried out in 2 schools of Pakistan. One school was private and one school was public. The were 300 participants and majority of them were 14 and 15 years old. Health behavior was measured with questions concerning adolescent’s nutritional habits (breakfast, fresh fruit and vegetable, sweets, fast food and soft drinks with sugar consumption), health-risk behavior (cigarette use, injuries) and physical activity. Statistical data was analyzed using the statistic package SPSS 15.0 for Windows.
Results. Two thirds (78.5%) of respondents thought they are in good health and just 4% claimed having excellent health. Study results showed, that 41% of school students exercise 2-3 times a week and 7.3% less than once a month. It was estimated that more than half of Pakistan adolescents eat breakfast every day on weekdays, but on weekends less than one third have breakfast at home. One third of respondents stated, that eat fresh vegetable and 20.1% of then eat fresh fruit every day... [to full text]Santrauka.
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Becker, Craig M. "A pilot test of the usability of a lifestyle instrument based on the Deming approach to management." Virtual Press, 1992. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/845958.
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This study was designed to determine if the Deming approach to monitoring manufacturing processes could be successfully adapted to monitoring lifestyle processes. This study tested a new self-monitoring instrument that provides quick, accurate, personal feedback. The usability of this new instrument was tested. Validity of the instrument was established through review by experts in appropriate lifestyle management disciplines.The pilot test of this new instrument was done in a program with a convenience sample of 29 people who used the instrument for 28 days. A high percentage of the participants used the instrument and found the instrument to be helpful in developing a healthy lifestyle, although they desired a less cumbersome format. It is recommended that the instrument be adapted for use in lifestyle change programs.Institute for Wellness
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Moon, Nike, and Eszter Bordi. "Sustainable apparel consumption: the attitude-behavior gap among Swedish consumers : An exploratory study on Millennials and Generation X consumers´ purchasing habits." Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-44272.
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This thesis aims to investigate sustainable apparel purchasing habits from customers’ perspective with an emphasis on attitude-behaviour towards the phenomenon. Furthermore, the possible attitude-behaviour gaps are detected throughout the research, illustrating dissimilarities in sustainable apparel consumption and discrepancies between actual purchasing action and consumer attitude. The study analyses Swedish consumption patterns, within Millennials and Generation X consumers by using a qualitative research strategy, where participants have the ability to express their perceptions on the concept and evaluate on their post-purchases. Two chosen models are used as fundamental pillars in understanding essential purchasing actions. The findings contribute to the models while also develop theories based on them.
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Hill, Alma Land. "Effect on children's eating behavior and self-efficacy from participation in Fun with Food summer camp." Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2009. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-03302009-211102.
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Kriflik, Lynda. "Food for thought consumer perspectives of the environmental impacts of food choices /." Access electronically, 2004. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20050822.101900/index.html.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Wollongong, 2004.EMBARGOED - this thesis is subject to a 2 year embargo (21/06/05 to 21/06/07) and may only be viewed and copied with the permission of the author. For further information please Contact the Archivist. Typescript. Includes bibliographical references: p. 237-247.
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Stuart, Wilma Powell. "A grounded theory study Hispanic adolescents' experience of being overweight /." Thesis, Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2007. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2008r/stuart.pdf.
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Roberts, Amanda Patton. "Organic and Locally Grown Food Preferences of Adults in Kentucky." UKnowledge, 2014. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/cld_etds/12.
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This study investigates the determinants that influence adult Kentuckians’ preference to buy organic and/or locally grown food based on their age, gender, income, education level and metropolitan versus nonmetropolitan living status. Ajzen’s theory of planned behavior (TPB) provides the conceptual framework of the research and the appropriateness of the theory. Data for this analysis are from a 2009 Kentucky statewide survey. The analysis shows that: There is a significant difference in food purchasing habits of Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan adult Kentuckians; the factors associated with the purchase of organic and locally grown foods are different; and, those who purchased locally grown and organic foods shared similar beliefs.
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Dockendorff, Sally A. "Intuitive Eating in Adolescents: Testing a Psychosocial Model." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc804867/.
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Intuitive eating is defined as an adaptive eating process that involves focusing on internal hunger and satiety to guide eating behavior, using those physiological cues rather than emotions to determine when to eat, and choosing what to eat based upon preference and not external rules and expectations. The purpose of this study was to examine intuitive eating within the context of contemporary sociocultural models of eating in 701 early adolescent boys and 769 early adolescent girls. Support was found for the model and suggested that pressures to lose weight or gain muscle, restrictive messages about food from caregivers, and internalization of the thin ideal were related to the early adolescents’ intuitive eating behaviors, suggesting that many of the sociocultural variables that have been found to impact disordered eating are salient for understanding healthy eating behaviors. However, the relations among many of the variables, as well as the model’s ability to explain intuitive eating overall, were stronger in girls than in boys. These findings can be used to help parents and schools begin to teach early adolescents about intuitive eating and how they can resist external pressures that may negatively influence their eating behaviors.
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Rodrigues, Keoma Coutinho. "Padrão de atividades, comportamento alimentar, exploração de habitat e área de vida de um grupo de Sapajus flavius (Schreber, 1774) (Primates, Cebidae) em um fragmento de floresta atlântica, Paraíba, Brasil." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2013. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/7631.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
The blonde capuchin monkey, Sapajus flavius , occurs in remnants of Atlantic Forest in Brazil north of the São Francisco River, and is included in the IUCN red list as "Critically Endangered". Studies of the behavior and eating habits, exploitation and habitat the pattern of use of space are important, since there is a gap of information to species. Such information will assess how populations of S. flavius are living in forest fragments, enabling the deployment of more effective conservation actions. The study objectives were to describe the activity budgets, feeding behavior, the size of the home range and habitat exploitation pattern of a group of blonde capuchin monkey in RPPN Engenho Gargaú located in the municipality of Santa Rita (Paraíba). Data were collected by scan sampling method with instant records every 5 minutes. Phenological data were collected monthly from 90 vegetables fruiting specimens whose intensity were calculated using the Activity Index. The Scan Sampling was dominated by the travel (38.96%), followed by feed (28.58%), forage (21.66%), rest (4.77%), agonistic behavior, social, vocalization and drinking water (6%). This pattern varied significantly during the dry and rainy season. The food was more frequent in the dry season and the displacement in rainy season. The diet group was composed of fruit (43%), stalks of sugar cane (30%), prey animals (15%), leaves (7%), plant parts, including sheath, petiole, bark (3%) and flowers (2%). In the rainy season, fruit consumption was significantly higher and was positively correlated with the intensity of fruiting. The consumption of sugar cane was higher in the dry season, when fruit production was low. 48 plant species were identified in the diet, being Saccharam sp. (37.83%), Elaeis spp. (16.99%) and Tapirira guianenses (6.22%) the most important. The home-range calculated by the Minimum Convex Polygon (MPC) for the group was of 240.22 hectares. The habitats more explored were in Regeneration Forest (35.5%), Edge of Forest in Regeneration (28.2%), Edge of Flooded Mature Forest (17.5%), Edge of mature forest (9.6%) and mature forest (9.2%). The pattern of activities, diet and living area were consistent to those found for the genus Sapajus and all aspects were influenced by the seasonality of food resources and the intervening matrix composed predominantly of sugar cane.
O macaco-prego-galego, Sapajus flavius, ocorre em remanescentes de Mata Atlântica ao norte do rio São Francisco, sendo incluída na lista de espécies ameaçadas pela IUCN como “Criticamente em perigo”. Estudos referentes aos comportamentos e hábitos alimentares, à exploração de hábitats e ao padrão de uso do espaço são importantes, uma vez que há uma lacuna de informações para espécie. Tais informações permitirão avaliar como as populações de S. flavius estão vivendo nos fragmentos florestais, possibilitando a implantação de ações conservacionistas mais eficazes. Os objetivos do estudo foram descrever o padrão de atividades, o comportamento alimentar, o tamanho da área de vida e o padrão de exploração de hábitats de um grupo de macaco-pregogalego na RPPN Engenho Gargaú localizada no município de Santa Rita/PB. Os dados foram coletados pelo método de varredura instantânea com registros a cada 5 minutos. Foram coletados dados fenológicos mensais de 90 espécimes vegetais, cuja intensidade de frutificação foi calculada pelo método de Índice de Atividade. O padrão de atividades foi dominado pelo deslocamento (38,96%), seguido de alimentação (28,58%), forrageio (21,66%), descanso (4,77%), comportamentos agonísticos, sociais, de vocalização e de beber água (6%). Tal padrão variou significativamente nos períodos seco e chuvoso. A alimentação foi mais frequente no período seco e o deslocamento no período chuvoso. A dieta do grupo foi composta por frutos (43%), colmos de cana-de-açúcar (30%), presas animais (15%), folhas (7%), partes vegetais, incluindo bainha, pecíolo, cascas de árvores (3%) e flores (2%). No período chuvoso, o consumo de frutos foi significativamente maior e esteve positivamente correlacionado com a intensidade de frutificação. O consumo de colmos foi maior no período seco, quando a produção de frutos foi baixa. Foram identificadas 48 espécies vegetais incluídas na dieta, sendo Saccharam spp. (37,83%), Elaeis spp. (16.99%) e Tapirira guianenses (6,22%) as mais importantes. Área de vida calculada pelo método do Mínimo Polígono Convexo (MPC) para o grupo foi de 240.22 hectares. Os habitats mais explorados foram Floresta em Regeneração (35.5%), Borda de Floresta em Regeneração (28.2%), Borda de Floresta Madura Alagada (17.5%), Borda de Floresta Madura (9.6%) e Floresta Madura (9.2%). O padrão de atividades, dieta e área de vida foram compatíveis aos encontrados para o gênero Sapajus e todos os aspectos foram influenciados pela sazonalidade dos recursos alimentares e pela matriz interveniente formada predominantemente por cana-de-açúcar.
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Rosenberg, Ian A. "A qualitative comparison of the drinking/non-drinking habits of 1st and 4th year male students who have or are presently living in the residence halls." Virtual Press, 1994. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/917039.
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Alcohol use among male undergraduate students continues to be problematic. Most college drinkers started drinking in high school, but some begin even earlier; their college alcohol problem is just a continuation of earlier practices. The precise reasons that the college environment is particularly risky for alcohol use are not understood.The first and fourth year experience in college appear to be very different. This study has examined the drinking / non-drinking habits of first and fourth year Ball State male students who have or are presently living in the residence halls. There were five first-year and five fourth-year students who were asked questions in a qualitative interview format. Some of the issues which were covered included hangovers, tolerance, drinking games, and music.First and fourth year students act similarly in some areas, while there are significant differences in others. Drinking from the first to the fourth year seems to become progressively moderate. Drinking, and the consequences from drinking are most serious for freshmen and less serious for seniors and upperclass students.All of the respondents had a very high tolerance to alcohol. This was very puzzling considering that most students use their tolerance and the effect of hangovers to determine whether or not they are drinking responsibly. Therefore, because the respondents generally did not get hungover from a night of heavy drinking, they may think that their drinking is responsible, when it fact it may be causing unforeseen harm.Respondents drank for two specific positive reasons: (1) euphoria and (2) malebonding comradary experience. Many of the respondents stated they received some of their emotional and problem-solving support when they were drinking and talking with friends. Music also played an important role in the drinking experience. "Classic" rock and roll was popular among the respondents because of the rhythm and the pro-drug and pro-alcohol lyrics. Drinking games were looked upon as activities to make drinking even more convivial. They also contributed to the male-bonding experience whereby one would be surrounded by friends cheering them on to have another drink.In conclusion, alcohol is a significant problem on the college / university campus. The narrative suggests that although students experiences are individual, there are perceptions about alcohol which are common among many students. These commonalities can be used to provide effective educational programming to students in order to educate about responsible alcohol use.Fisher Institute for Wellness
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Jones, Willie Brad. "Exploring a combined quantitative and qualitative research approach in developing a culturally competent dietary behavior assessment instrument." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29718.
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Thesis (Ph.D)--Industrial and Systems Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009.Committee Chair: Vidakovic, Branislav; Committee Member: Edwards, Paula; Committee Member: Griffin, Paul; Committee Member: Grinter, Rebecca; Committee Member: Mullis, Rebecca. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
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Xiao, Rui Sherry. "Diet Quality and Evening Snacking in Relation to Sleep Duration and Quality among Women with Young Children: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2015. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/802.
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Background: Mothers’ diets impact their health and the health of their children, but diet quality is suboptimal among women with young children. Evening snacking among women with young children, especially consumption of high-calorie, high-carbohydrate snacks, may impact overall diet quality and glucose metabolism. Short sleep duration and poor sleep quality may be potential risk factors. We examined whether sleep duration and poor sleep quality were associated with diet quality and evening snacking among women with young children.
Methods: Data were from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2012, nationally representative cross-sectional surveys of noninstitutionalized U.S. population. Eligible participants were non-pregnant women aged 20-44 years within 5 years of childbirth who completed two 24-hour dietary recalls and completed questions on sleep duration and quality.
Results: Among US women with young children, sleep duration was not associated with diet quality. However, overall sleep quality was associated with poorer diet quality. Short sleep duration was not associated with the consumption of neither evening snacks, nor energy intake from or nutrient consumption of evening snacks.
Conclusion: The findings of this dissertation provide information useful for informing the direction of future research of dietary quality and eating behaviors of U.S. women with young children. Studies are needed to explore whether improvement in sleep quality may improve diet quality among women with young children, which has the potential to improve both maternal and children’s health. Research may be better focused on identifying other psychosocial and behavioral risk factors for unhealthy dietary behaviors among US women with young children.
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Xiao, Rui Sherry. "Diet Quality and Evening Snacking in Relation to Sleep Duration and Quality among Women with Young Children: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2011. http://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/802.
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Background: Mothers’ diets impact their health and the health of their children, but diet quality is suboptimal among women with young children. Evening snacking among women with young children, especially consumption of high-calorie, high-carbohydrate snacks, may impact overall diet quality and glucose metabolism. Short sleep duration and poor sleep quality may be potential risk factors. We examined whether sleep duration and poor sleep quality were associated with diet quality and evening snacking among women with young children.
Methods: Data were from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2012, nationally representative cross-sectional surveys of noninstitutionalized U.S. population. Eligible participants were non-pregnant women aged 20-44 years within 5 years of childbirth who completed two 24-hour dietary recalls and completed questions on sleep duration and quality.
Results: Among US women with young children, sleep duration was not associated with diet quality. However, overall sleep quality was associated with poorer diet quality. Short sleep duration was not associated with the consumption of neither evening snacks, nor energy intake from or nutrient consumption of evening snacks.
Conclusion: The findings of this dissertation provide information useful for informing the direction of future research of dietary quality and eating behaviors of U.S. women with young children. Studies are needed to explore whether improvement in sleep quality may improve diet quality among women with young children, which has the potential to improve both maternal and children’s health. Research may be better focused on identifying other psychosocial and behavioral risk factors for unhealthy dietary behaviors among US women with young children.
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Gussoni, Carlos Otávio Araújo [UNESP]. "Novas informações sobre a história natural da maria-da-restinga (Phylloscartes kronei) (Aves, Tyrannidae)." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99487.
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A maria-da-restinga (Phylloscartes kronei) é uma espécie da família Tyrannidae descrita recentemente e considerada como globalmente ameaçada de extinção, cuja história natural é pouco conhecida. Visando preencher parte desta lacuna, o objetivo deste estudo foi de caracterizar o comportamento de forrageamento da maria-da-restinga, descrever os bandos mistos aos quais ela se associa, bem como descrever alguns outros aspectos de sua história natural como seus hábitos alimentares, o comportamento de dormir, insights sobre a biologia reprodutiva, o alcance de vôo, encontros agonísticos interespecíficos e a muda. No período de agosto de 2008 a julho de 2009 foram realizadas excursões mensais ao município de Ilha Comprida (~24º S), Estado de São Paulo. Aliado ao esforço anual mencionado, uma visita ao município de Guaraqueçaba (25º18'S e 48º19'W), Estado do Paraná, foi conduzida entre os dias 25 de julho e 1º de agosto de 2008. Foram coletadas 613 amostras de forrageamento, através de observações diretas com auxílio de binóculos com aumento de 10 vezes. Durante os períodos de coleta de dados sobre o forrageamento da espécie, para cada encontro com a mesma foi anotado se esta se encontrava só, aos pares, em grupos ou associada a bandos mistos de aves. Quando em bandos mistos, foram anotadas todas as espécies ocorrentes, visando caracterizar os bandos aos quais se associa. Para a descrição do hábito alimentar da espécie foram analisados os conteúdos estomacais de cinco exemplares coletados na década de 1990 no Estado do Paraná, tendo sido identificados 116 ítens alimentares. Através da análise dos dados obtidos, conclui-se que P. kronei captura suas presas principalmente em folhas verdes, entre 0,5 e 15m acima do solo, utilizando a manobra “investir-atingir”. Alimenta-se predominantemente de artrópodes, sendo que os insetos das ordens Coleoptera...
The Restinga Tyrannulet (Phylloscartes kronei) is a recently described and globally threatened species of the family Tyrannidae, whose natural history is poorly known. In this study several information on the natural history of P. kronei were gathered such as several aspects on foraging behavior, association with mixed species bird flocks, feeding habits, the description of the roosting behavior, insights on the reproductive biology, the flying range, interespecific agonistic encounters and moulting. From August 2008 to July 2009, data on this species were collected on a monthly basis in Ilha Comprida (~24º S), São Paulo state, Brazil. In addition, a visit to Guaraqueçaba (25º18'S e 48º19'W), Paraná state, was conducted between 25 July and 01 August 2008. A total of 613 foraging maneuvers were gathered by direct observations with the aid of binoculars with 10x magnification. In all meetings with the species it was reported if individuals were alone, in pairs, in groups or associated with mixed species bird flocks. When mixed species flocks with Restinga Tyrannulets were observed, all species in the flock were identified. Five stomach contents collected in the 1990s in Paraná state were evaluated and 116 food items were identified. The Restinga Tyrannulet captures preys mainly with sally-strikes in green leaves between 0.5 and 15m above the ground. This species feeds mainly on arthropods, especially Coleoptera and Hymenoptera. The observed foraging behaviors and feeding habits were similar to the ones observed in other species of Phylloscartes, but new food items are described for this genus: Anobiidae (Coleoptera), Coccinelidae (Coleoptera), Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera), Microhymenoptera and two species of fruits (Clusia criuva and Ternstroemia brasiliensis). P. kronei is a sporadic follower of mixed species bird flocks, which had the inclusion of 25 species on their compositions... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Kamil, Joana de Mendonça. "Hábito e comportamento alimentar de escolares do 5° ano do ensino fundamental residentes em Juiz de Fora - MG." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2013. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/2374.
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A alimentação exerce um papel fundamental no desenvolvimento do ser humano, em todas as fases da vida, mas é principalmente na infância e na adolescência que a alimentação deve ser cuidada com mais atenção. Com a expansão dos meios de comunicação e o aumento da oferta de alimentos industrializados, vem ocorrendo uma mudança nos hábitos alimentares das crianças e dos adolescentes de todo o mundo. Já se sabe que hábitos alimentares saudáveis, quando adquiridos na infância e mantidos durante a vida adulta, podem contribuir para a prevenção de doenças crônicas. Se o grupo familiar consome uma dieta equilibrada e saudável, as chances de a criança aprender bons hábitos alimentares são grandes. Por se tratar de uma atividade diária e constante, a alimentação envolve uma rotina de aprendizado. Portanto, entender o comportamento alimentar tem-se tornado essencial para a compreensão do indivíduo e sua relação com a alimentação. Diante disso, o presente estudo teve como objetivo geral descrever o estado nutricional, o hábito e o comportamento alimentar de escolares do 5° ano do Ensino Fundamental, residentes em Juiz de Fora/MG. Para atingir aos objetivos traçados, optou-se, como metodologia, por um estudo descritivo e essencialmente qualitativo. Foram aplicados, um questionário socioeconômico, um protocolo para identificação do estado nutricional (IMC/Idade), um questionário de frequência alimentar validado para crianças e uma entrevista semiestruturada, que além das características tradicionais dessa técnica de coleta de dados incluiu a apresentação de uma mesa de alimentos. A amostra foi de 96 crianças de ambos os sexos, matriculadas no 5° ano do Ensino Fundamental em uma Instituição de Ensino Federal e em uma Instituição de Ensino Estadual.Para análise dos dados, utilizou-se análise de conteúdo temática que foi quantificada com frequência e porcentagem. Pode-se observar que as crianças estudadas têm o hábito de consumir frutas com freqüência, mas, ao mesmo tempo, elas apresentam comportamentos alimentares que merecem ser investigados, pois quando apresentados os resultados acerca de como são feitas as refeições em casa e na escola, os comportamentos de assistir TV e brincar enquanto comem merecem atenção. Recomenda-se a realização de mais estudos a respeito do problema de pesquisa desta dissertação, de modo a perceber quais são os fatores que influenciam o estado nutricional, os hábitos e os comportamentos alimentares das crianças escolares em estudo.
Eating habits play a fundamental role in human development in all stages of life, but particularly during childhood and adolescence, when food should be looked after more closely. With the expansion of the media and increased supply of processed food, there has been a change in eating habits of children and teenagers worldwide. It is already known that healthy eating habits, when acquired in childhood and maintained throughout adulthood, may contribute to the prevention of chronic diseases. If the household consumes a balanced and healthy diet, there are great chances of a child learning good eating habits. Because it is a daily and constant activity, eating involves a routine of learning. Therefore, understanding eating habits has become essential for the understanding of the individual and his/her relationship to food. Therefore, this study aims to describe the general nutritional status, food habits and the behavior of 5th grade students of elementary school living in the city of Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil . In order to achieve the objectives, a descriptive qualitative study was the chosen method of investigation. A socioeconomic questionnaire, a protocol for identification of nutritional status (BMI/Age), a food frequency questionnaire validated for children and a semistructured interview were applied. In addition to the traditional characteristics of this technique for data collection the presentation of a food chart was included. The sample consisted of 96 children of both sexes enrolled in the 5th grade of elementary school in a federal and in a state institution of education. Regarding data analysis, thematic content analysis was used, and it was quantified for frequency and percentage. One can observe that the children studied have the habit of consuming fruits frequently, but at the same time, they present eating behaviors that deserve to be investigated, due to the fact that they have meals, both at home and at school, while watching TV and playing, which deserves attention. It is recommended that further studies regarding this issue are conducted in order to understand what the factors influencing nutritional status, eating habits and behaviors of schoolchildren are.
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Souza, Renata Vieira de. "Efeito do trabalho em turnos nos hábitos alimentares : uma revisão sistemática." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/179698.
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O trabalho por turnos é definido como aquele realizado fora dos horários considerados “convencionais”, por exemplo: pelo trabalho no turno noturno ou o trabalho de forma contínua, através do revezamento de equipes. Durante as últimas décadas, a proporção de trabalhadores que executam as atividades em escalas de turnos vem aumentando e, com as mudanças nas condições de trabalho, a organização do ambiente social, familiar, dos hábitos de vida e das necessidades básicas desses trabalhadores passou por significativas transformações, que podem causar danos saúde. O desenvolvimento de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e distúrbios metabólicos em trabalhadores de turnos já é bastante evidenciado na literatura, e os estudos epidemiológicos demonstram associações consistentes entre o trabalho por turnos e a ocorrência de doenças, como obesidade, diabetes e síndrome metabólica. Além da relação entre alterações dos ritmos biológicos, disruptura do sistema circadiano e alterações metabólicas, mudanças comportamentais experienciadas pelos trabalhadores de turnos são apontadas como potenciais fatores de risco adicionais ao desenvolimento de doenças. Dentre as alterações nos hábitos de vida, a alimentação parece ser alterada em decorrência do trabalho por turno. Mudanças nos horários de sono, vigília, da atividade laboral, bem como na disponibilidade de alimentos e tempo para realização das refeiçoes em locais adequados, são fatores determinantes nas escolhas alimentares desses indivíduos. Ainda que estudos voltados à avaliaçao da alimentação de trabalhadores de turnos tenham sido propostos e bastante discutidos na literatura, a real influência do turno de trabalho nos hábitos alimentares é pouco elucidada. Assim, o objetivo desse trabalho foi revisar sistematicamente os resultados de estudos que avaliaram os hábitos alimentares de trabalhadores de turnos, de forma a esclarecer como o turno de trabalho influencia, positiva ou negativamente na alimentação. A sumarização de evidências permite a elaboração de condutas e estratégias nutricionais específicas a esse grupo de risco. Além disso, destaca aspectos importantes a serem considerados no desenvolvimento de futuros estudos, visando contribuir com a qualidade das informações obtidas.Shift work is defined as the one performed outside the "conventional" hours, for example by working the night shift or working continuously through the team relay. Over the last few decades, the proportion of workers performing turn-based activities has been increasing and, with changes in working conditions, the organization of the social, family, living, and basic needs of these workers has changed significantly which can cause health damage. The development of chronic noncommunicable diseases and metabolic disorders in shift workers is already well documented in the literature, and epidemiological studies demonstrate consistent associations between shift work and the occurrence of diseases such as obesity, diabetes and metabolic syndrome. In addition to the relationship between changes in biological rhythms, disruption of the circadian system and metabolic alterations, behavioral changes experienced by shift workers are indicated as potential additional risk factors for the development of diseases. Among the changes in life habits, food habits seems to be altered as a result of shift work. Changes in sleep schedules, wakefulness, labor activity, as well as food availability and time to make meals in appropriate places, are determining factors in the food choices of these individuals. Although studies aimed at evaluating the feeding of shift workers have been proposed and discussed in the literature, the real influence of work shift on eating habits is little elucidated. Thus, the objective of this study was to systematically review the results of studies that evaluated the eating habits of shift workers, in order to clarify how the work shift influences, positively or negatively in the diet. Summarizing evidence allows the elaboration of specific nutritional strategies and strategies for this risk group. In addition, it highlights important aspects to be considered in the development of future studies, aiming to contribute to the quality of the information obtained.