Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Habsbourg – dynastie – Politique et gouvernement'
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Heider, Christine. "Entre France et Allemagne : Thann, une ville de Haute-Alsace sous la domination des Habsbourg : (1324-1648)." Strasbourg 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STR20076.
Full textFounded at the end of the thirteenth century by the Earls of Ferrette [Pfirt] and fallen thereafter under the rule of the Habsburg, the town of Thann had an ambiguous status, because it was at the same time a seigniorial town and the chief-town of the seigniory (the bailiwick of Thann counted up to 42 villages). As a seigniorial town Thann was placed under the dependency of the Habsburg, but it benefited from a significant level of autonomy, comparable to certain Imperial towns. Being wealthy, and since 1486 the headquarter of a treasury, Thann could be considered as the true economic capital of the Austrian Upper Alsace. It even ruled over the villages under its responsibility with an authority that made it almost the equivalent of a territorial ruler. The community of villages suffered from the supervision by the Thann people, especially concerning tax distribution and the reglementation of rural craftwork. Its remarkable geographic location also had a noticeable impact upon Thann. Situated at the mouth of the Thur Valley, it controlled the road leading to the Bussang pass and was erected on one of the main trade routes between the Empire and the Kingdom of France. The linguistic limits were meandering indeed within Thann bailiwick itself. Thus, five "welche" (French-speaking) villages belonged to the bailiwick. Knowledge of the French language was rather prevalent in Thann, as being bilingual was a prerequisite for all elected officials willing to reach high-level positions. From the religious point of view, in the seventeenth century Thann asserted itself as one of the main strongholds of the Catholic counter-Reformation movement in Upper Alsace
Hassler, Éric. "Une cour sans empereur ? : les chambellans de l'empereur dans l'espace résidentiel : Vienne, 1683-1740." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010637.
Full textDebris, Cyrille. ""Tu, felix Austria, nube" : la dynastie de Habsbourg et sa politique matrimoniale à la fin du Moyen âge (XIIIe-XVIe siècles)." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010614.
Full textChaussende, Damien. "Légitimation du pouvoir politique en Chine au IIIe siècle de notre ère : la fondation de la dynastie des Jin." Paris, INALCO, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INAL0016.
Full textThe aim of the dissertation is to understand the elements on which political legitimation was based in third century China through a particular case: the seizure of power by the Sima family in the state of Wei during the Three Kingdoms and the foundation of their dynasty, the Jin, in 266. The first part of the work is an introduction to the different sources of historical information on the period. The double process of the seizure and the legitimation of power is next analyzed in four parts, each of them corresponding to one element used by the Simas: their family position, the auspicious political and ideological context, the existence of an effective model of dynastic change, and the reforms introduced after the birth of the Jin. The processes of gaining power and founding the new dynasty were long, difficult, and sometimes dangerous. Every stage, every difficulty, every step toward supreme power was always justified by the Simas in a way that fit the particular circumstances of the moment, so as to undermine any grounds for contestation, and thus was formed the basis of their legitimacy. Eventually, the Simas succeeded in gaining the quality of legitimate emperors by coming to the throne and immediately inserting themselves into the system upon which they had just infringed. Throughout the process of conquest, on the one hand they endeavored to show that they had not infringed upon the rules of succession by unduly privileging those who were favorably inclined toward them, and, on the other hand, they relied on their tremendous military success in having reunited China, which had been divided for almost a century
Martinez-Gros, Gabriel. "Histoire et politique dans l'Espagne musulmane des Xème-XIème siècles." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010603.
Full textArabic spanish literature - though writings would be a more ac- curate term - sprung in the xth century as an attempt to give support to the umayyad caliphate. This literature well deserves to be labelled historical as its purpose was to cover a span of two centuries deprived of legitimacy, the umayyad dynasty having been driven away from the east by the abbasid upheaval. The umayyad propaganda unexpectedly insisted upon this defeat as the ordeal sent by god to mark out his chosen few. 1031 saw the fall of the caliphate and down with it came its ideology. From ibn hazm to ibn abdun, as the christians military threats were impending, history didn t seem to be reliable any longer; by the end of the xi th century, andalusian authors had almost lost interest in politics. With the almoravids in power, they came to discard any government as illegitimate. The muslim city would soon have to enforce a day to day social order, kept apart from the much de- cried political hierarchy and little concerned with the messianic promises of early islam
Capdetrey, Laurent. "Espace et pouvoirs dans le royaume séleucide 312-145 a. C. : etudes sur l'administration et l'organisation d'un royaume hellenistique." Bordeaux 3, 2003. http://books.openedition.org/pur/6126.
Full textThis work proposes to analyse the various ways of domination, wether direct or indirect, that the Seleucid kings used towards the local populations. On the one hand we wished to point out the surprising capacity of adaptation of this ways of domination according to the geographic specificities or to the administrative structures existing previously. But on the other hand we also tried to show how dense were the ramifications of the Seleucid administrative network. Our research aims to modify the frequent vision of a Seleucid kingdom politicaly and administratively weak, by showing that, thanks to its powerful rules of domination, the immensity of the royal territory, during the IIIrd century and the first half of the second, was by no ways a handicap, but on the contrary one of the most important element in the ideological expression of the Seleucid power, deciding of its political strengh
Baquiast, Paul. "Une dynastie de la bourgeoisie républicaine : les Pelletan." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040213.
Full textAlthough not very well known today, Eugene and Camille Pelletan - father and son respectively - were among the most prominent republican figures of the Second Empire and the Troisième réepublique. Eugene Pelletan, the grand-son of a minister, took part in the government de la defense nationale (1870-1871), was a moderate, but his son Camille, who was in charge of the navy in the combe's ministry (1902-1905), was among the most ardent supporters of radical left-wing extremist. This paper does not intend to cover exhaustively their political action but addresses their social and cultural dimension of, and, through their example, to better understand their times and their class: that of republican bourgeoisie. We will not, however, dwell solely on the cases of Eugene and Camille: the family tree comprises eleven members of parliament, among which Georges Bonnet and Michel Debre. Consequently, we have tried to bring to light the strategies of matrimonial alliances and also to understand what were the meaning and involvements of being a member of a republican
Mahamane, Addo. "Institutions et imaginaire politiques hausa : le cas du Katsina sous la dynastie de Korau (XVème-XIXème siècle)." Aix-Marseille 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX10016.
Full textFor centuries the hausawa have lived between niger and nigeria. There they formed two kind of kingdoms : the hausa bakwai (7 'legimate' hausa states) and the banza bakwai (7 'illegimate' hausa states). The katsina was one of these 7 legitimate hausa states. Around 1445 muhammad korau (c. 1445-1493/4) overthrew the durbawa dynasty and founded his own royal dynasty known as the korau dynasty. From the establishment of muhammad korau to the end of the 18th century the katsina proved to be one of the most shining examples of the hausa states before the jihad of 1804. The study of hausa political myths through the bayajida legend and its variants, the kirarai of the sarakuna (kings) compared with the written record shows that the sarauta (hausa political system) is based upon several factors. In studying the functioning of the hausa state both the territory occupied by the hausawa and the surrounding political climate must be taken into consideration. The development of the two factors took place on the background of the trans-saharan trade which was the driving force behind the relations between the different political entities, on the one hand, and the two sides of the sahara on the other. The trans-saharan trade was also a determining factor in the islamisation of sub-saharan africa. The hausa original participation in trans-saharan trade depended, among other things, on the sarauta system. In 1804 a team of marabouts under the leadership of usman dan fodio created an islamic reform movement (jihad) which, beginning in gobir, was to shake the old royal dynasties and modify the political landscape of central sudan. This reform led most hausa states to adopt islam as the official state religion to the detriment of the previous situation where the hausa state was based upon several factors. The hausa states that were members of the sokoto caliphate, which was founded as a result of the jihad, were from then on ruled by new dynasties which used also the sarauta system
Fakouhi, Nasser. "La conception de la politique dans le mazdéisme sassanide." Paris 8, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA08A015.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to present and to analyse the political concept in the sassanian era relying on religious texts and through an anthropological approach. We try to shape a political system made of several elements : 1e : god as source of politics ; 2e : world as place, time and means of politics ; 3e : man as the maker of politics ; 4e : religion as politics itself ; 5e : resurrectiion as aim of politics. These elements constitute a divine whole and have to face a devilish whole. The evolution of the idea of god is analysed in 3 steps : polytheist, henotheist and dualist. The evolution of the world is a political struggle against the devil in to which must participate every being. The main protagonist of this fight is the man. The essence of political concept should be found out in the purification process namely in the elimination of "state of mixture" between god's creation and devil's anti-creation. The final result of purification is the achievement of a political ideal : resurrection. The purification touches its very top by the ordeal of melted metal which symbolizes the sacred union of human political power(metal) and the divin power(fire). Moreover, the destruction of the archetype of evil king is the sign of the end of develish whole as well as all the other features of "state of mixture". And this renders the political system useless. In another part we have analysed the manicheism and the mazdakism both as 2 "theoretical" alternatives to the political system and a sort of acceleration and radicalization of the mazdian concepts in 2 steps, a passive and an active one. In the last part of this work, we have analysed the relations between mazdeism, bouddhism, judaism, christianism and especially islam with which a new ideological synthesis will be generated
Nichanian, Mikaël. "Aristocratie et pouvoir impérial à Byzance." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040216.
Full textThis thesis deals about Byzantine Aristocracy and Imperial Power from the 7th to the 9th century. I have tried to define the boundaries of the ruling class between 602 and 843, from the death of the emperor Maurikios and the so-called “Triumph of the Orthodoxy” made possible by the empress Theodora. The main characteristic of the Byzantine ruling class is its nature of a group closed to foreigners and defined by imperial service. The aristocracy depends more on the emperor thanks to a new system of dignities which provides a strict order of precedence. New administrative structures contribute also to the submission of the ruling class, like the military provinces called “themes” which were intended to strengthen the armies against the annual raids of the Arabs. But these new structures helped create a new ruling class in the eastern provinces which weakened even more the stability of the State. The second part of our thesis focuses on the rebellions and military coups which are aimed at the emperor. This military unrest helps to reveal the reasons of the social crisis of the ruling class from the 7th to the 9th century
Logdali, Mohammed. "Le rôle de la religion dans la politique du Moyen Empire Egyptien : (XIème et XIIème dynastie)." Besançon, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BESA1024.
Full textKossmann, Perrine. "Les Lagides et l'Asie mineure." Paris, EPHE, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EPHE4018.
Full textThe empire of the Ptolemies has not formed the main topic of any research study since R. S. Bagnall’s monograph on the administration of the Ptolemaic possessions outside Egypt was published in 1976. In the case of Asia Minor though, the discovery of numerous documents, mostly epigraphic, and the new perspectives suggested by studies dedicated over the past twenty years to the formation and development of the Hellenistic kingdoms in the region, in particular the Seleucid empire, created a need for a new investigation into the relationship between the cities and the Egyptian monarchy. For close to one century, the Ptolemies managed to maintain their authority over a body of microstates distant from the center of their power and surrounded by kingdoms which competed with their dynasty for influence over them. It seemed necessary to explain their success in this respect. The traditional distinction between possessions and spheres of influence or protectorates, in particular, should be questioned, since the empire is best conceived as unified. This seems to have been the position of the Ptolemaic monarchy. The typologies of the cities of the Seleucid empire established by J. Ma and L. Capdetrey can help understand this aspect. The study, based on the edition of a corpus of documents, starts by putting into perspective the acquisition of the provinces in the region, and the fluctuations of their extension. Follows an analysis of the workings of the royal administrative system. Then comes an attempt to ascertain the extent of the hold of the royal power over the life of the cities. Finally, the study tries to determine their degree of integration into the Ptolemaic empire
Helmis, Andréas. "Crime et châtiment dans l'Égypte ptolémaïque : recherches sur l'autonomie d'un modèle pénal." Paris 10, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA100076.
Full textRahmouni, Karim. "L' état beylical et le droit : une transition vers la modernité ? (1705-1881)." Aix-Marseille 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX32007.
Full textGenequand, Denis. "Les élites omeyyades en Palmyrène : contribution à l'étude des aspects fonctionnels et économiques des établissements aristocratiques omeyyades du Bilad al-Sham." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010527.
Full textCazzato, Silvia Valentina. "Idéologie royale iranienne au début de l'Islam." Paris, EPHE, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EPHE4029.
Full textThis research is aimed to investigate how the royal ideology of Sasanian era was developed and adapted in the Muslim era. It analyses the different aspects of Sasanian kingship, the expansion of its cultural influence in the outskirts of the Empire and beyond, the Arab conquest, the transition and conversion of Iranian people and its élites. Studying the «Persian renaissance» during the early ‘Abbāsid caliphate, we can see that some pre-Islamic traditions did not disappear, but, on the contrary, were encouraged by the Iranian dynasties which became independent from the second half of the 9th century. Caspian regions, former provinces of the Sasanian empire with a quite special role in the panorama of Islamization, occupy an important place in our essay. Through the collected data, we finally analyse the Perso-Islamic synthesis operated by the two major antagonist dynasties of the 11th century, the Būyids and Ghaznavids, which borrowed a lot of elements from Sasanian ceremonial
Chang, Tai-Lin. "La réception de la notion de démocratie en Chine de 1895 à 1911." Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010299.
Full textThe introduction of the western democratic notion in China is significant in the period : 1895-1911. This notion is studied and propagated as well by intellectuals and statemen as by the movements of reform (constitutionalist and revolutionary). Considering the difficulties of translation, understanding and interpretation, the conception of democracy is observed at first sight, as one of political regimes in that period, then, it is analyzed in its philosophical aspect, and finally, as a subject for establishment of a democratic system. A few years before the fall of Ch'ing's dynasty, the government can take a series of measures tracing on western examples in order to establish a democratic regime. In this way, it seems that the ch'ing's government learns and well imitates the western political systems, in other words, that it has a good theorization of the democratic systems in china at this time. However, these new democratic arrangements can not prevent the end of the dynasty, and neither bring the China toward a western democratic regime. Is the problem setting on the pratical field, and is the pratical problem itself a function of socio-cultural aspect? This question remains to be asked
Nguyễn, Thế Anh. "La Monarchie des Nguyen de la mort de Tu-Duc à 1925." Paris 4, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA040304.
Full textAfter Tu-Duc's death in July 1883, the problems which the Nguyen dynasty had to confront with since the middle of the 19th century hastened their pace. Destroying the nation's social cohesion, they explain why the monarchy surrendered so readily before the French pressure, and why it resigned itself to the break-up of its prestige and power, in order to ensure its own survival. During half a century, from the treaty of 6 June 1884 to the agreement of 6 November 1925, this decaying dynasty clang desperately to outmoded principles to resist the strengthening of the protectorate imposed by French administrators and officers. But it could not avoid the progressive dismantling of the monarchical institution. Meanwhile, the evolution of ideas under the influence of new trends of thought and reformed education evidenced the widening gap between a sovereign deprived of his attributions, a court transfixed in its formalism and the country, while the Confucian monarchy's main support, the scholar gentry, was disappearing. The deep shock caused to traditional social and political structures by the consolidation of the colonial regime led this elite to reexamine the very raison d'etre of the old order, and to look for new perspectives. The monarchical institution would not resist being questioned in such a way
Chabrier, Aurélie. "La monarchie safavide et la modernité européenne (XVIe-XVIIe siècles)." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOU20118/document.
Full textThis thesis is about the start and the evolution of the Safavid Monarchy in Iran between the 16th century and the first quarter of the 18th century. It studies, in particular, the links between the monarchial power and the different groups at the head of the social and parish hierarchy, such as the qizilbash followers. Given the fact that the advent of the Safavid Monarchy is contemporary with the rise of the Modern States in Europe, this research also studies the point of view of the « good man » of the 17th century about this process of state construction. This approach is based on the context analysis of the diplomatic exchanges between the States, but also of the individual meeting between the European and the Safavid elite representatives, throughout the study of stories of travelers (embassy and travel relations). This study is an invitation to think about the way the Modern State and its behavior reflection are built
Labbé, Gilbert. "L'organisation politique et administrative de la Judée d'Auguste à Hadrien : 4 a.c.-136 p.c." Bordeaux 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR30020.
Full textEnglish summury : This study is about the political and administrative organization of Judaea, understanding the word in its broadest meaning, from the death of Herod the Great to the establishment of the province of Syria Palaestina. The first part deals with the place given by Rome to the Herodian dynasts, from Archelaus to Agrippa II. The second part treats the titles and the powers imparted to equestrians, prefects or, later, procurators, who were given the government of Judaea from 6 to 66 A. D. , notwithstanding Agrippa I's short-lived reign. Due attention is paid to the difficult translation of the Roman institutional words from Latin to Greek, specially in Josephus and Philo, and also towards the modern target languages. During that time, one can see the Herodian princes and kings, prefects and procurators alike, governing under the higher authority of the Roman consular legate of Syria, the man holding the imperium pro praetore in the region. Titus'command in 70 is scrutinized. The third part is about the administrative evolution – military aspects included – of the praetorian province, afterwards of the consular province of Judaea, from 70 to 136, i. E. From the destruction of the Second Temple to the defeat of Bar Kokhba. The study of this period has been improved by the new light coming from epigraphical and papyrological data disclosed in the last past years. On some issues, by the way, this doctoral thesis deals also with the history of the Christian beginnings
Ma, Jun. "Liang Qichao et la trajectoire politique moderne de la Chine : les aléas de l'institutionnalisation républicaine (1912-1917)." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0126.
Full textBy analyzing the development of the political thought of Liang Qichao (1873-1929), key figure of the intellectual and political transition of the late Qing and early Republic, this dissertation changes the usual ways of questioning in two aspects. Abandoning the binary definition of the person and his time (revolution – reform, tradition – westernization) and being focused on the first years of the Republic (1912-1917), this study aims to investigate his major contribution to a new political trend formed on the basis of its institutionalization. This new approach not only explains the fundamental dynamics of the time but also gives a remarkable coherence to a political thought often considered as fickle and superficial. For Liang, the Republic can only be saved by itself, on condition that it is conservative and based on a strong state. His idea about the continuity of tradition is opposed to the traditionalists and the supporters of the modernist “New Culture”. The republican and “just middle” Liang Qichao, hostile to imperial restoration, revolution and democracy, becomes therefore the founder of a conservative trend which will lack of a strong a strong state for a long time in the 20th century. This study also shows that this conservatism is not exclusive of a regime of liberties: the liberal institutions are conditioned by the advent of a society with the necessary “political ability”. This is why in the context “Goodbye to revolution” without democracy which prevails from 1990s, Liang Qichao is considered as one of the references of the “abandoned choice” of the Chinese contemporary history
Déry, Carl. "La Chine face à l'Angleterre et la Russie aux XVIIe-XVIIIe siècles : évaluation comparative des attitudes de la dynastie Qing sous l'angle des modalités de l'actualisation frontalière." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26277.
Full textThis thesis proposes a comparative evaluation of Qing dynasty’s attitudes toward England and Russia during the 17th – 18th centuries. Historians have offered number of answers trying to explain why the Manchus have accepted to sign frontier agreements with Russia in 1689 and 1727 (Treaty of Nerchinsk and of Kiaktha) while refusing systematically to negotiate anything whatsoever with England during the Macartney Embassy of 1793. Instead of adding another voice to a type of research based on trying to find causes for the explanation of different attitudes, which are too often leading to essentializing Chinese culture and traditions, we’re trying to show how attitudes toward strangers are always rooted in contingencies and how they reproduce important similarities according to specific modalities. Those modalities are at the heart of a dynamic process of political self-identification that we call frontier actualization. This frontier actualization plays the crucial role of a filter separating and distinguishing the realm of the Inner and the Outer, and is to be found at the junction of territoriality and political legitimization. Through the lens of this dynamic filter, one can recognize that attitudes and strategies of the Qing dynasty toward strangers are reproducing the same pattern, according to the intensity of the distance toward central power and geopolitical complexities, rather than according to a prescribe set of rules and institutions, traditions, territory, events, and also the populations involved. Because diplomatic strategies are first rooted in the process of integrating peripheral populations, it is possible to recognize a similar pattern in the fluctuating attitudes toward England and Russia, but also toward Dzungars, Khalkhas, Holland, Solons, and even toward the Chinese population living on the different frontiers of the Empire.
Campion-Lavigne, Julie. "L'empereur Antonin Caracalla." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMR095.
Full textBorn in 188 when his father was governor of the Gaul Lyonnaise, Caracalla is an emperor of the Severe dynasty ruling between 211 and 217. Eldest son of Septimius Severe and Julia Domna, L. Septimius Bassianus takes the name of Marcus Aurelius Antoninus in tribute to the emperor Marc Aurele and is very early associated with power. Perceived by ancient literary sources such as a tyrant and a soldier (Cassius Dio, Herodian, for example), this purple-born carries out military, administrative and financial reforms, such as Caracalla's famous 212 edition. Other sources, epigraphic, numismatic and archaeological, give this emperor an often more positive image. The purpose of the study is to show the existence of breaks and continuities between Caracalla and the paternal figure, between his politics and the work of his predecessor. It is also a question of whether being a purple-born is a handicap or an asset in the political, religious, cultural and economic work of Antonin Caracalla
Monnet, Nathalie. "Le roi Wen, fondateur de la maison royale des Zhou : données factuelles et contexte relationnel." Paris 7, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA070111.
Full textWen wang was not the Zhou King who overthrew the prestigious Yinshang dynasty. During his lifetime, no military action was taken against the yin; he himself never ascended the throne and died while the last Shang sovereign, di xin, was still in power. It was to be his son, king Wu, who with a bloody sword forever sealed the fate of the Yin-Shang and imposed the house of Zhou at the head of the civilized world. Nevertheless, it was not Wu Wang, accused of being a regicidal usurper, but his father, Wen Wang, that the ancients honored as the first Zhou king and glorified as the paragon of virtue. The meager biographical data that factual history enables us to gather (his father Wang ji, his imprisonment at Youli, his military campaigns) does not help us to grasp the absolute preeminance of king Wen. Only by analyzing the privileged relationships of a unique nature that link Wen Wang to Wu Wang and to heaven, from which he holds his mandate, are we able to wonder at the dextrous skill with which the legitimizing Zhou ideology transfigured a first rate military commander and planer into the founder-king of the royal house of Zhou and an unsurpassed paradigm for all subsequent chinese history
Azoulay, Rivka. "The periphery and its elites : conduits of political order or change ? : the story of the Al-Sabah’s oil monarchy (1899-2014)." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016IEPP0069.
Full textSince the unfolding of the Arab revolts in 2011, we have witnessed the rise and revolts of marginalized communities at the periphery of power everywhere in the MENA region. Kuwait too has witnessed since the start of the millennium the rise of its periphery, its naturalized tribesmen, latecomers to the nation’s fabric. In this study, I analyzed this phenomenon and placed it in its deeper historical and political context. I explained that the implications of socio-political change happening within Kuwait’s badu population can only be understood if the nature of the authority structure of the Al-Sabah’s monarchy is properly comprehended. The novelty of the thesis lies in its historical sociological approach to decipher the nature of political order and authority in Kuwait. It argued that the core aspects of the contemporary authority structure of the Al-Sabah’s monarchy can be traced back to the original tribal dynasty functioning according to the logics of political power of Arabian dynasties as analyzed by the early Muslim scholar, Ibn Khaldun in his Al-Muqaddimah
Lefol, Amandine. "Théorie et pratique du gouvernement : le miroir des princes d’Abū Ḥammū Mūsā l-Zayyānī (m. 791/1389) : édition critique et analyse du Wāsiṭat al-sulūk fī siyāsat al-mulūk." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL167.
Full textWāsiṭat al-sulūk fī siyāsat al-mulūk is a Mirror for Princes written in the 8th/14th century by the Zayyānid ruler of Tlemcen, Abū Ḥammū Mūsā II (d. 791/1389). Similarly to many later Mirrors for Princes composed in the Maghreb, this book did not attract the interest of many researchers and no comprehensive study was made of it. This research work proposes to establish a critical edition of it and to analyze it. The aim is to consider the specificities of this Mirror for Princes, on the one hand, by analyzing the theoretical discourse on good government in the light of the particular context in which this book was written and by comparing it with the political experience of its author and, on the other hand, by comparing it with the works constituting its principal sources. This study also aims to analyze the terminology used in the Wāsiṭat al-sulūk fī siyāsat al-mulūk to better understand certain concepts frequently used in the Mirrors for Princes, such as those of siyāsa, tadbīr, ḥazm and ẖāṣṣa, and to determine the particular use that is made of them in the work. Finally, the narrative of events which the author himself develops as one of the protagonists is analyzed and compared to the story of the same events relayed by his contemporaries in order to highlight the writing strategies implemented in the book and to establish the different functions of this Mirror for Princes which is far more than a simple compilation of advice intended for the Crown Prince
Rong, Hengying. "Étude sur l'écriture comme acte politique chez Ouyang Xiu (1007-1072) : pouvoir lettré sous les Song du Nord (960-1127)." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0062.
Full textThis work sheds light on the relation between action and the writings of Ouyang Xiu (1007-1072), one of the major literati of the Northern Song dynasty (960-1127), and a civil servant of great importance for the role he occupied in the consolidation of institutions of the dynasty. As a key figure in Chinese intellectual history, Ouyang Xiu is approached in the present study through a case study of jinshi examination supervised at the department level by Ouyang Xiu in 1057. Through the detailed contextualization of this session, and more broadly putting into perspective what the selection of officials by the system of examinations meant for the Song literati, we try to expose in all its aspects the reciprocal implication of literate practices and power in the XIth century in China.By demystifying the legend of 1057 and giving back to this session its share of unpredictability, this investigation allows us to identify its deep significance. The event was composed of a plurality of factors, but whose exemplary dimension and density of issues are usually considered to justify a posteriori a tendentious retrospective narrative, indexing the pertinence of Ouyang Xiu's choices on the subsequent achievements of the laureates. However, here we reverse this traditional perspective. Rather than starting from the consequences of this singular examination, we return to the time of its preparations and its development, in order to understand the reasons why such choices were made by one of the key decision makers, Ouyang Xiu
歐陽修作為北宋的重要文人和政治人物,對北宋的一系列以科舉為代表的政治制度的鞏固起到了不可低估的作用。本文試圖針對歐陽修的“從政”與“寫作”之間的關係進行再研究,從嘉佑二年進士科歐陽修任省試知貢舉出發,展開個案研究。通過對歷史背景的深入細緻的考證,尤其是對宋人如何理解科舉取士意義的梳理,來呈現中國十一世紀士人寫作與權力之間的互動。本文旨在整理嘉祐二年貢舉中一系列歷史的不可預見性,去除該事件的神話光環,從而重新解讀其深層的意義。以往對該事件的研究往往從該屆進士的成就出發,解讀嘉祐二年歐陽修選擇的正確性,本文旨在回到該事件的準備階段以及整個進行過程,從而理解作為重要的決策者之一歐陽修,他所作出的重大選擇背後的一系列原因。
Maurin, Olivier. "La Hongrie et les Pays Bas méridionaux durant la guerre de Succession d'Espagne : les ambitions de la diplomatie française." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BOR30051/document.
Full textAt the beginning of the 18th century, Hungary and the Southern Netherlands are coveted by the French diplomacy. Those peripheral provinces of The Habsburg Empire oppose the centralization policy lead by Madrid and Vienna. In order to realize his dynastic ambitions, Louis XIV uses this context to destabilize these territories during the War of the Spanish Succession triggered by the death of the last Habsburg King of Spain, Charles II, the first November 1700. Louis XIV mobilizes his army and his ambassadors in the continuity of the foreign alliances « Alliance de revers » that have been conducted during centuries. The marquis des Alleurs and the president Pierre Rouillé de Marbeuf, agents of Louis XIV, half spy, half ambassadors, are respectively send in Hungary nearby the rebel prince François Rakoczi and in the Southern Netherlands nearby the general governor of the province and Elector of Bavaria, Maximilien-Emmanuel de Wittelsbach. Far from the din of the battlefield of the Spanish Succession, another war hardens. The battle for information’s became the first preoccupation of European courts. The confidentiality of the epistolary correspondences is a crucial object of attention. The purpose of this study is to define the framework of the French ambitions in Hungary and the Southern Netherlands at the beginning of the 18th century. The « alliance de revers » and military moves during the War of the Spanish Succession replace those two European countries at the heart of dynastic, diplomatic and military conflicts opposing the Bourbon’s and the Habsburg’s for European hegemony
Davrinche, Anne. "Le paysage religieux de Senji. Étude architecturale et iconographique des édifices religieux de la ville de Senji (Tamil Nadu, Inde du Sud) et de sa région." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA074/document.
Full textThe archaeological site of Senji (Gingee) stands in Tamil Nadu, in Southern India. Senji is famous for its fortified walls and castles built upon and between the three main granitic hills of the area, which contributed to change this part of the Tamil country History between the 15e and the 19e centuries. Known for its military aspects, the religious architecture of Senji had yet never been under proper and full study. This dissertation tries to make a detailed study of the Hindu stone temples and places of worship in Senji and its close area. The research focuses on the pan-Indian Hindu temples and analyses the existing relation between them and the local goddesses whom places of worship are not systematically built in long lasting materials. Monuments are situated in the original historical context, mainly in the 16e century during Vijayanagara-Nāyaka domination. The history of Senji’s Nāyaka dynasty is also analysed in order to understand the concepts that rules temples constructions à these times, and the use of religious architecture in this troubled and warfare context, serving the purpose of legitimacy of their power on the 16e century. This research also tries to consider Senji as the object of conservation and preservation, and in terms of Indian cultural and architectural heritage
Xu, Dongxiang. "Du nationalisme au conservatisme : les groupes intellectuels associés à l’« essence nationale » en Chine (vers 1890-1940)." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH154.
Full textThis dissertation examines three “conservative” associations of the “national essence” circle: the National Essence School founded in 1905, the Southern Society created in 1909 and the Critical Review Group established in 1921. National essence designates the quintessence of Chinese traditional culture. In the Late-Qing revolutionary context, the National Essence School and the Southern Society theorized this concept to shape nationalism from two directions. At the societal level, nationalist expectations were expressed in various social forms, such as intermediate associations, and a social enlightenment movement was undertaken to liberate people from traditional familial and political constraints. This liberty was expected to be reconciled with responsibilities towards the nation. At the institutional level, the two associations incorporated traditional culture into reforms inspired by Western liberal politics, like democracy, separation of power and rule of law. National essence was this regenerated traditional culture, used to solidarize the nation and to model China’s future political system. The Critical Review Group, situated in a different historical context, inheritated this nationalist rhetoric. However, this ideal of nationalism came to be seen as conservative during the May Fourth era, because certain activists advocated a clean break with tradition. Conservatism in this period is formulated as a reaction against the young generation’s perceived disregard for responsibilities in the pursuit of liberty, the denial of the political utility of traditional culture by the May Fourth intellectuals, but also as a response to the national crisis and the First World War, leading some to question the merits of Western civilization. The meaning of national essence for the members of the three associations thus diversified. Although the concept was still used to federate and discipline the people and to inform the political reforms, national essence no longer necessarily incorporated Western liberal politics. According to the way in which national essence was translated into concrete political projects, conservatism of the Republican era can be divided into four types: liberal conservatism that continued to advocate liberal elements of Chinese tradition and Western liberal politics; anti-modern conservatism that appealed to a socio-political system in line with China’s agrarian and communitarian culture; philosophical conservatism that emphasized the utility of Confucian values of elitism, social hierarchy and doctrine of the mean in rectifying excessive liberty and political corruption and authoritarian conservatism that mobilized the most repressive elements of Confucianism, like supremacy of the leader, absolute obedience to superiors and political tutelage, to oppose liberalism during the Nanjing decade