Journal articles: 'Hadar Formation'

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Kimbel, W. H., R. C. Walter, D. C. Johanson, K. E. Reed, J. L. Aronson, Z. Assefa, C. W. Marean, et al. "Late PlioceneHomoand Oldowan Tools from the Hadar Formation (Kada Hadar Member), Ethiopia." Journal of Human Evolution 31, no. 6 (December 1996): 549–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jhev.1996.0079.

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Geraads, Denis, RenÉ Bobe, and Kaye Reed. "Pliocene Bovidae (Mammalia) from the Hadar Formation of Hadar and Ledi-Geraru, Lower Awash, Ethiopia." Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 32, no. 1 (January 2012): 180–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02724634.2012.632046.

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Geraads, Denis, Kaye Reed, and Rene Bobe. "Pliocene Giraffidae (Mammalia) from the Hadar Formation of Hadar and Ledi-Geraru, Lower Awash, Ethiopia." Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 33, no. 2 (March 2013): 470–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02724634.2013.723657.

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MOHAN, JOSEPH, JEFFERY R. STONE, and CHRISTOPHER J. CAMPISANO. "Three novel species of Bacillariophyta (Diatoms) belonging to Aulacoseira and Lindavia from the Pliocene Hadar Formation, Afar Depression of Ethiopia." Phytotaxa 272, no. 4 (September 2, 2016): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.272.4.1.

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Paleolake Hadar was an expansive lake in the lower Awash Valley of Ethiopia’s Afar Depression that existed periodically through the Late Pliocene. The sedimentary deposits from this ancient lake (Hadar Formation) have broad importance because a significant number of hominin fossils have been recovered from the formation. Samples of the Hadar Formation lacustrine sequence were collected from sediment cores extracted as part of the Hominin Sites and Paleolakes Drilling Project (HSPDP). A paleoecological study of the HSPDP Northern Awash (Hadar Formation) material has unearthed three novel species of Bacillariophyta (diatoms) from diatomites that appear periodically in the cores. The Hadar Formation assemblage represents a newly revealed excerpt from the evolutionary history of freshwater diatoms in East Africa during the Piacenᴢian age (2.59–3.60 Ma). The HSPDP Northern Awash diatom species are compared to previously reported diatoms from Pliocene outcrops, modern and fossil core material from Lake Malawi, and extant species. Here we describe two new species of Aulacoseira and one of Lindavia. Taxonomic treatment of two diatom varieties reported by previous researchers as Melosira are transferred into Aulacoseira herein.

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Tiercelin, J. J. "The Pliocene Hadar Formation, Afar depression of Ethiopia." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 25, no. 1 (1986): 221–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.1986.025.01.19.

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Gentry, A. W. "A new bovine (Bovidae, Artiodactyla) from the Hadar Formation, Ethiopia." Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 61, no. 2 (January 2006): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00359190609519952.

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Wynn, J. G., M. Sponheimer, W. H. Kimbel, Z. Alemseged, K. Reed, Z. K. Bedaso, and J. N. Wilson. "Diet of Australopithecus afarensis from the Pliocene Hadar Formation, Ethiopia." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 110, no. 26 (June 3, 2013): 10495–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1222559110.

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Walter, Robert C., and James L. Aronson. "Age and source of the Sidi Hakoma Tuff, Hadar Formation, Ethiopia." Journal of Human Evolution 25, no. 3 (September 1993): 229–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jhev.1993.1046.

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Geraads, Denis, Zeresenay Alemseged, René Bobe, and Denné Reed. "Pliocene Carnivora (Mammalia) from the Hadar Formation at Dikika, Lower Awash Valley, Ethiopia." Journal of African Earth Sciences 107 (July 2015): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2015.03.020.

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Ben Miloud Yahia, Najla, Salma Kloula Ben Ghorbal, Lobna Maalej, Abdelwaheb Chatti, Alya Elmay, Nour-Eddine Chihib, and Ahmed Landoulsi. "Effect of Temperature and Gamma Radiation on Salmonella Hadar Biofilm Production on Different Food Contact Surfaces." Journal of Food Quality 2018 (2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9141540.

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Salmonella is a pathogen transmitted by foods and it is one of the most important target bacteria in food irradiation studies. Few works were carried out on the effectiveness of gamma radiation against biofilms formed by this bacterium. Salmonella can form a biofilm on different material surfaces. The physicochemical properties of surfaces and environmental factors influence the adhesion of this pathogen. The present study investigated the effect of gamma radiation (1 and 2 kGy) and temperature (28°C and 37°C) on the development of Salmonella Hadar biofilm on polyvinyl chloride (PVC), glass, cellophane paper (CELLO), and polystyrene (POLY). The obtained results indicated that biofilm production is surface and temperature dependent. In addition, biofilm formation decreased significantly after gamma irradiation at either 1 or 2 kGy doses. However, the agfD and adrA genes expression did not demonstrate significant decrease. This work highlighted that gamma radiation treatment could reduce the biofilm formation of Salmonella enterica serovar Hadar on different food contact surfaces.

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Frost, Stephen R., and Eric Delson. "Fossil Cercopithecidae from the Hadar Formation and surrounding areas of the Afar Depression, Ethiopia." Journal of Human Evolution 43, no. 5 (November 2002): 687–748. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jhev.2002.0603.

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Reed, Kaye E., and Faysal Bibi. "Fossil Tragelaphini (Artiodactyla: Bovidae) from the Late Pliocene Hadar Formation, Afar Regional State, Ethiopia." Journal of Mammalian Evolution 18, no. 1 (October 5, 2010): 57–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10914-010-9146-6.

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Walter, Robert C. "Age of Lucy and the First Family: Single-crystal 40Ar/39Ar dating of the Denen Dora and lower Kada Hadar members of the Hadar Formation, Ethiopia." Geology 22, no. 1 (1994): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1994)022<0006:aolatf>2.3.co;2.

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Campisano, Christopher J., and Craig S. Feibel. "Connecting local environmental sequences to global climate patterns: evidence from the hominin-bearing Hadar Formation, Ethiopia." Journal of Human Evolution 53, no. 5 (November 2007): 515–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhevol.2007.05.015.

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Campisano, Christopher J. "Geological summary of the Busidima Formation (Plio-Pleistocene) at the Hadar paleoanthropological site, Afar Depression, Ethiopia." Journal of Human Evolution 62, no. 3 (March 2012): 338–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhevol.2011.05.002.

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DiMaggio, Erin N., J. Ramón Arrowsmith, Christopher J. Campisano, Roy Johnson, Alan L. Deino, Mark Warren, Shimeles Fisseha, and Andrew S. Cohen. "Tephrostratigraphy and depositional environment of young (<2.94 Ma) Hadar Formation deposits at Ledi-Geraru, Afar, Ethiopia." Journal of African Earth Sciences 112 (December 2015): 234–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2015.09.018.

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Alemseged, Zeresenay, Jonathan G. Wynn, William H. Kimbel, Denné Reed, Denis Geraads, and René Bobe. "A new hominin from the Basal Member of the Hadar Formation, Dikika, Ethiopia, and its geological context." Journal of Human Evolution 49, no. 4 (October 2005): 499–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhevol.2005.06.001.

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18

Tamrat, Endale, Nicolas Thouveny, and Maurice Taieb. "Magnetostratigraphy of the lower member of the hadar formation (Ethiopia): Evidence for a short normal event in the mammoth subchron." Studia Geophysica et Geodætica 40, no. 3 (July 1996): 313–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02300746.

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Borges, Karen A., Thales Q. Furian, Sara N. Souza, Rafaela Menezes, Eduardo C. Tondo, Carlos T. P. Salle, Hamilton L. S. Moraes, and Vladimir P. Nascimento. "Biofilm formation capacity of Salmonella serotypes at different temperature conditions." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 38, no. 1 (January 2018): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-4928.

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ABSTRACT: Salmonella spp. are one of the most important agents of foodborne disease in several countries, including Brazil. Poultry-derived products are the most common food products, including meat and eggs, involved in outbreaks of human salmonellosis. Salmonella has the capacity to form biofilms on both biotic and abiotic surfaces. The biofilm formation process depends on an interaction among bacterial cells, the attachment surface and environmental conditions. These structures favor bacterial survival in hostile environments, such as slaughterhouses and food processing plants. Biofilms are also a major problem for public health because breakage of these structures can cause the release of pathogenic microorganisms and, consequently, product contamination. The aim of this study was to determine the biofilm production capacity of Salmonella serotypes at four different temperatures of incubation. Salmonella strains belonging to 11 different serotypes, isolated from poultry or from food involved in salmonellosis outbreaks, were selected for this study. Biofilm formation was investigated under different temperature conditions (37°, 28°, 12° and 3°C) using a microtiter plate assay. The tested temperatures are important for the Salmonella life cycle and to the poultry-products process. A total of 92.2% of the analyzed strains were able to produce biofilm on at least one of the tested temperatures. In the testing, 71.6% of the strains produced biofilm at 37°C, 63% at 28°C, 52.3% at 12°C and 39.5% at 3°C, regardless of the serotype. The results indicate that there is a strong influence of temperature on biofilm production, especially for some serotypes, such as S. Enteritidis, S. Hadar and S. Heidelberg. The production of these structures is partially associated with serotype. There were also significant differences within strains of the same serotype, indicating that biofilm production capacity may be strain-dependent.

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Sahle, Yonatan, Sireen El Zaatari, and Tim D. White. "Hominid butchers and biting crocodiles in the African Plio–Pleistocene." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 50 (November 6, 2017): 13164–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1716317114.

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Zooarchaeologists have long relied on linear traces and pits found on the surfaces of ancient bones to infer ancient hominid behaviors such as slicing, chopping, and percussive actions during butchery of mammal carcasses. However, such claims about Plio–Pleistocene hominids rely mostly on very small assemblages of bony remains. Furthermore, recent experiments on trampling animals and biting crocodiles have shown each to be capable of producing mimics of such marks. This equifinality—the creation of similar products by different processes—makes deciphering early archaeological bone assemblages difficult. Bone modifications among Ethiopian Plio–Pleistocene hominid and faunal remains at Asa Issie, Maka, Hadar, and Bouri were reassessed in light of these findings. The results show that crocodiles were important modifiers of these bone assemblages. The relative roles of hominids, mammalian carnivores, and crocodiles in the formation of Oldowan zooarchaeological assemblages will only be accurately revealed by better bounding equifinality. Critical analysis within a consilience-based approach is identified as the pathway forward. More experimental studies and increased archaeological fieldwork aimed at generating adequate samples are now required.

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Zając, Magdalena, Aleksandra Maluta, Dariusz Wasyl, Magdalena Skarżyńska, Anna Lalak, Ilona Samcik, Renata Kwit, and Krzysztof Szulowski. "Genetic relationship of Salmonella isolates found in subcutaneous abscesses in leopard geckos (Eublepharis macularius)." Journal of Veterinary Research 64, no. 3 (September 16, 2020): 387–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2020-0058.

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AbstractIntroductionThe article describes the occurrence and phylogenetic relationship of Salmonella isolates found in subcutaneous abscesses of leopard geckos. The aim of the study was to determine the cause of the abscesses and to characterise isolated Salmonella strains.Material and MethodsSamples of abscesses from five animals and internal organs (lungs, liver, and gut) of three of them were tested for Salmonella according to the PN-EN ISO 6579:2002/A1:2007 standard. The antimicrobial resistance was evaluated by minimal inhibitory concentrations and the genetic similarity of the isolates was assessed with pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).ResultsIn total, seventeen Salmonella isolates belonging to five different serovars were found to be susceptible to all tested antimicrobials except streptomycin. The serovars were S. Hadar, S. Fluntern, S. Tennessee, S. enterica subsp. salamae 55:k:z39, and S. Kentucky. Up to three serovars from different organs were isolated from the same individual. In two geckos, Salmonella were detected in the lungs. In three serovars, XbaI-PFGE typing revealed indistinguishable isolates from organs and abscesses.ConclusionMultiple Salmonella serovars might be involved in abscess formation and infections. The occurrence of the same PFGE profiles of the isolates may testify to the role of opportunistic organisms in causing infection.

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Haileab, B., and F. H. Brown. "Turkana Basin-Middle Awash Valley correlations and the age of the Sagantole and Hadar Formations." Journal of Human Evolution 22, no. 6 (June 1992): 453–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0047-2484(92)90080-s.

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Nielsen, Arne Thorshøj, and Niels Schovsbo. "Cambrian to basal Ordovician lithostratigraphy in southern Scandinavia." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 53 (November 9, 2006): 47–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.37570/bgsd-2006-53-04.

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The lithostratigraphic subdivision of the Cambrian successions in Scania-Bornholm, Östergötland, Västergötland, Närke, Öland-Gotland, the southern Bothnian Sea and the Mjøsa District is reviewed and revised. The review includes the Tremadocian part of the Alum Shale Formation. The Cambrian of Scania-Bornholmcomprises the Nexø, Hardeberga, Læså, Gislöv and Alum Shale formations. The Nexø Formation of Bornholm is subdivided into the new Gadeby and Langeskanse members, which are c. 40 and 50 m thick, respectively. The 1–15 m thick arkosic basal part of the sandstone succession in Scania, previously treated as part of the Hardeberga Sandstone, is allocated to the Nexø Formation. The ‘Balka Sandstone’ of Bornholm is considered an integrated part of the Hardeberga Formation and the designation Balka Sandstone Formation is abandoned. The Haddeberga Formation, which is 109 m thick on Bornholm and c. 105–110 m in Scania, comprises the Hadeborg (new), Lunkaberg (Scania only), Vik, Brantevik and Tobisvik members. The overlying Læså Formation contains the Norretorp and Rispebjerg members; the former is regarded a senior synonym of the Broens Odde member of Bornholm. The Norretorp Member is thicker in Scania than previously estimated (> 25 m, rather likely even > 30 m); on Bornholm it is 103 m thick. The Rispebjerg Member is 1–3.7 m thick. The Cambrian of the Öland-Gotland area, the southern Bothnian Sea and the districts of south central Sweden comprises the File Haidar, Borgholm and Alum Shale formations. The File Haidar Formation of the Öland-Gotland area, which is up to 127 m thick, includes the Viklau, När Shale and När Sandstone members; the Grötlingbo Member is transferred to the Borgholm Formation. The validity of the Kalmarsund Member is questioned; its lithological characteristics probably reflect diagenesis. The Lingulid and Mickwitzia sandstone members constitute the File Haidar Formation in south central Sweden, where the unit is up to 37 m thick. New names and to some extent new definitions are introduced for the members of the Borgholm Formation, viz. Kvarntorp Member (new name for the thin glauconitic sandstone overlying the Lingulid Sandstone Member in central Sweden), Mossberga Member (new name for the coarse part of the Eccaparadoxides oelandicus Shale sensu Hagenfeldt 1994), Bårstad Member (new name for the fine-grained part of the Eccaparadoxides oelandicus Shale), Äleklinta Member (new name for theParadoxides paradoxissimus Siltstone) and Tornby Member (new name for the Paradoxides paradoxissimus Shale). The Granulata Conglomerate (= Acrothele Conglomerate of previous literature) is formally ranked as a bed at the base of the Äleklinta Member. The informal designation Söderfjärden formation is abandoned. The Borgholm Formation locally exceeds 150 m in the Öland-Gotland area; it is significantly thinner in south central Sweden. The Cambrian of the Mjøsa District comprises the Vangsås, Ringstrand and Alum Shale formations. Of these, the new Ringstrand Formation encompasses the strata between the Vangsås and Alum Shale formations, previously referred to as the ‘Holmia Series’. The Ringstrand Formation includes the Brennsætersag (new), Redalen (new), Tømten (new), Evjevik and Skyberg (new) members. Thickness estimates are rendered difficult due to tectonic overprinting, but the Ringstrand Formation is probably about 50-60 m thick in the Lower Allochthon around Lake Mjøsa. The Scandinavian Alum Shale Formation, which is up to 100 m thick in Scania and even thicker subsurface of Kattegat, is restricted to encompass only kerogeneous mudstones/shales with subordinate limestones and very rare sandstone beds. It is proposed abandoning the Kläppe Shale and Fjällbränna Formation of the Lower Allochthon of Jämtland and to regard these units as part of the Alum Shale Formation. Several widespread thin units are formally ranked as beds within the Alum Shale Formation, including the Forsemölla Limestone Bed (new name for the ‘fragment limestone’at or near the base of the Alum Shale Formation in Scania; this unit is also developed in Östergötland and Närke), the Exsulans Limestone Bed, the Hyolithes Limestone Bed, the Andrarum Limestone Bed, the Exporrecta Conglomerate Bed, the Kakeled Limestone Bed (new name for the ‘Great Orsten Bank’ of south central Sweden), the Skåningstorp Sandstone Bed (new name for the thin sandstoneintercalation at the base of the Ordovician in Östergötland) and the Incipiens Limestone Bed.

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Marzuki, Marzuki, and Siti Khanifah. "Pendidikan ideal perspektif Tagore dan Ki Hajar Dewantara dalam pembentukan karakter peserta didik." Jurnal Civics: Media Kajian Kewarganegaraan 13, no. 2 (December 31, 2016): 172–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/civics.v13i2.12740.

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The research aims to study the thought of Rabindranath Tagore and Ki Hajar Dewantara with the ideal education related in formation of students character. This research is a literature review using content analysis approach. Sources of data in the form of primary data and secondary data on thought of two leaders in education. Data were analyzed qualitatively with the inductive approach. The results showed that 1) Rabindranath Tagore saw education based on freedom and love. Learning approach undertaken by Rabindranath Tagore in the education system is experiential learning; 2) Ki Hajar Dewantara developed a Among system in education which is an effort to advance the development of morality (inner strength), mind (intellect), and physical students; and 3) there is a link between thought of Rabindranath Tagore and thought of Ki Hajar Dewantara on looking at the education and development of ideal education system.

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Ardhyantama, Vit. "CREATIVITY DEVELOPMENT BASED ON THE IDEAS OF KI HAJAR DEWANTARA." Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan 5, no. 1 (June 13, 2020): 73–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.24832/jpnk.v5i1.1502.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengembangan kreativitas dengan menggunakan gagasan Ki Hajar Dewantara yaitu niteni, nirokke dan nambahi yang dikenal dengan istilah Tri-N. Metode yang dipilih adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan studi literatur. Data dihimpun dengan menggunakan literasi yang sudah ada, baik dari sumber primer maupun sekunder, kemudian dianalisis dan disajikan secara deskiptif. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa Konsep niteni, nirokke dan nambahi merupakan sebuah proses yang di dalamnya terkandung pembentukan kreativitas. Niteni adalah awal dari munculnya gagasan atau ide yang kemudian disusul dengan aktivitas nirokke atau menirukan sebagai wahana mengasah keterampilan dengan menambahkan makna pada contoh-contoh yang sudah tersedia, dan nambahi merupakan muara proses yang padanya terlihat jelas bagaimana sebuah produk dari kreativitas mampu menjawab permasalahan dengan menggunakan berbagai macam cara. Menumbuhkan kreativitas, dengan demikian dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan gagasan niteni, nirokke dan nambahi yang dilakukan secara prosedural. Ki Hajar Dewantara has many ideas and have been applied in the Indonesian education. One of his most well-known ideas is the concept of niteni, nirokke and nambahi as known as Tri-N. Translated into Indonesian the three words mean pay attention, imitate, and add. These three elements have characteristics that are very compatible with the development of creativity. Referring to this, this study was conducted with the aim to find out the development of creativity by using the idea of Ki Hajar Dewantara namely niteni, nirokke and nambahi. Using descriptive qualitative study of literature, data was collected by using existing literacy from both primary and secondary sources and then analyzed and presented descriptively. The results of the study showed that the concept of niteni, nirokke and nambahi is a process which contains the formation of creativity. Niteni is the beginning of the emergence of ideas, followed by nirokke, activities or imitating as an effort to improve skills by adding meaning to the existing examples, and adding is the ultimate process that show clearly how a product of creativity is able to answer problems by using various ways. Thus, growing creativity can done by using the idea of niteni, nirokke and nambahi as a procedure.

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Tan, Aaron, Maria V. Babak, Gopalakrishnan Venkatesan, Clarissa Lim, Karl-Norbert Klotz, Deron Raymond Herr, Siew Lee Cheong, et al. "Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of New Indolylpyrimidylpiperazines for Gastrointestinal Cancer Therapy." Molecules 24, no. 20 (October 11, 2019): 3661. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24203661.

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Human A3 adenosine receptor hA3AR has been implicated in gastrointestinal cancer, where its cellular expression has been found increased, thus suggesting its potential as a molecular target for novel anticancer compounds. Observation made in our previous work indicated the importance of the carbonyl group of amide in the indolylpyrimidylpiperazine (IPP) for its human A2A adenosine receptor (hA2AAR) subtype binding selectivity over the other AR subtypes. Taking this observation into account, we structurally modified an indolylpyrimidylpiperazine (IPP) scaffold, 1 (a non-selective adenosine receptors’ ligand) into a modified IPP (mIPP) scaffold by switching the position of the carbonyl group, resulting in the formation of both ketone and tertiary amine groups in the new scaffold. Results showed that such modification diminished the A2A activity and instead conferred hA3AR agonistic activity. Among the new mIPP derivatives (3–6), compound 4 showed potential as a hA3AR partial agonist, with an Emax of 30% and EC50 of 2.89 ± 0.55 μM. In the cytotoxicity assays, compound 4 also exhibited higher cytotoxicity against both colorectal and liver cancer cells as compared to normal cells. Overall, this new series of compounds provide a promising starting point for further development of potent and selective hA3AR partial agonists for the treatment of gastrointestinal cancers.

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Brachert, T. C., W. Buggisch, E. Flügel, H. M. Hüssner, M. M. Joachimski, F. Tourneur, and O. H. Walliser. "Controls of mud mound formation: The Early Devonian Kess-Kess carbonates of the Hamar Laghdad, Antiatlas, Morocco." Geologische Rundschau 81, no. 1 (February 1992): 15–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01764537.

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Bellott, A., J. Corpel, and R. Millon. "Contribution of magnetic modeling to the discovery of a hidden massive sulfide body at Hajar, Morocco." GEOPHYSICS 56, no. 7 (July 1991): 983–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1443131.

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The Hajar prospect is located in the Guemassa Paleozoic massif, about 30 km southwest of Marrakesh, Morocco. Visean volcano‐sedimentary formations are present in this massif and in the Jebilets massif north of Marrakesh. In these formations, syngenetic massive sulfides occur, and one of these bodies, Kettara in the Jebilets, has been partially mined. Using the Kettara magnetic anomaly to establish the magnetization parameters, we performed a preliminary interpretation of the Hajar anomaly. Our 2.5-D model determined the depth of the structure to be about 150 to 200 m below the surface. This relatively shallow depth was a decisive factor in siting a reconnaissance drillhole, which encountered massive sulfides between 158 and 276 m. After completing a systematic gravity and magnetic survey, 3-D magnetic modeling was attempted, constrained by the results of four drillholes. Now that more than 20 holes have been drilled, this magnetic model still conforms to the newly revealed geology. Unfortunately, it was not possible to extract useful information concerning the orebody from modeling and interpreting the gravity data. The gravity response is masked by disturbances such as faults and variations in depth and nature of the Visean basement. The discovery of the Hajar deposit shows that magnetic investigations, improved by pertinent modeling techniques, can be used at various stages of exploration to help recognize and define massive sulfide bodies.

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Heredia, Susana, and Ana Mestre. "The Middle Ordovician conodonts Eoplacognathus robustus Bergström and E. lindstroemi (Hamar): Taxonomy and apparatus reconstruction." Andean Geology 46, no. 3 (September 30, 2019): 556. http://dx.doi.org/10.5027/andgeov46n3-3189.

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The Middle-Upper Ordovician Ponón Trehué Formation cropping out in the San Rafael Block (Argentina) provided a large collection of conodonts which have been published years ago. The species Eoplacognathus robustus and Eoplacognathus lindstroemi recovered from these strata have been revised and restudied. In this contribution we describe M and S elements that were assigned previously to Baltoniodus prevariabilis and Baltoniodus variabilis as belonging to the E. robustus and E. lindstroemi apparatuses. The morphological characters of the P, S and M elements as part of these late Eoplacognathus apparatus were analyzed and support the proposal of a new reconstruction of it. We have compared this apparatus with the Baltoniodus apparatus and suggest the inclusion of the Eoplacognathus genus into the Balognathidae family. The new architecture of the Eoplacognathus apparatus is comparable to the genus Lenodus. This analysis improves the knowledge about this index conodont group allowing a new insight on the evolution, phylogeny and paleobiology of this linage.

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Putri, Shafira Arifah. "Comparative Study of Paradigm on Character Education Perspective by Paulo Freire and Ki Hajar Dewantara." Proceeding International Conference on Science and Engineering 3 (April 30, 2020): 649–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/icse.v3.580.

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Nowadays, when science and technology continue to grow rapidly, character education precisely more gets eroded. It shows, there has been morals degradation in the middle global mainstreaming. The authors using of character education prespective by two phenomenal figures to be discussed, Paulo Freire and Ki Hajar Dewantara. Both give a more attention to the paradigm education that is able to answer new challenges. Freire thought to give a solution by is leaving magical and naive education, switch to concept critical education that freed humans leads to a new colour in the proggressive change. Whereas, thought Dewantara to show a concept “trilogi” that is how the role family, school, and public able to formation movers character and children mentality along through system “among” based on Ing Ngarsa Sang Tuladha, Ing Madya Karsa, and Tut Wuri Handayani. The method that is used in this research analytic comparative method, that is by to analyze in a looking for sides similarity and difference of thought. The purpose of this research is to describe character students towards the future better.

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Enikeev, F. "Paleogeography of the Sartan Glaciation of the Hamar-Daban Ridge (Southern Baikal Region)." Transbaikal State University Journal 26, no. 7 (2020): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21209/2227-9245-2020-26-7-17-32.

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Based on the methods of remote identification and spatial fixation of glacial relief forms with their subsequent geomorphological analysis, the lower boundary of the chionosphere, the glacier feeding areas, boundaries and glacier parameters of the maximum phase of the Last Glacial Maximum glaciers (MIS 2) of the mountainous regions of Southern Baikal region were established and a paleogeographic map was constructed. The object of this study was the dynamics of exogenous processes during the development of the permafrost zone in the Southern Baikal region. The subject of the study is the glacial landforms of the Late Neopleistocene of the Khamar-Daban ridge. Glaciers were reconstructed using absolute marks of destructive and accumulative traces using topographic maps, aerial photographs and satellite images. Paleogeographic constructions were carried out using computer programs Google Earth Pro and SAS. Planet release. The final generalization of the primary material was carried out on a topographic basis on a scale of 1:500,000. The results obtained made it possible to establish the depression of the snow boundary at the maximum of the last cooling at 1300…1400 m in relation to the current climatic and to reveal the features of deformation of the lower border of the chionosphere. The reconstruction of the paleogeographic situation showed the spread of simple and complex (dendritic) types of mountain-valley glaciers, as well as mesh and mountain-glaciation glaciers in some parts of the mountain top. It was established that in the region of the maximum depression of the snowy border, some glaciers reached the coast of Lake Baikal, which could contribute to dilution of secondary aureoles and the displacement of placer mineral deposits. On the southern slope of the Khamar-Daban ridge, the snow boundary passed at an altitude of 1800…2200 m, and glaciation was limited to the development of only circus and circus-valley glaciers of small sizes, contributing to the formation of placers far removed from indigenous sources

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Hannouche, Mani, Amar Lebbad, and Tahar Wafa. "Water resources assessment in the region of Ben Azzouz (Hadjar Soud, North East Algeria)." Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal 27, no. 3 (April 11, 2016): 259–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/meq-03-2015-0040.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to give a better knowledge of water resources in the region of Ben Azzouz, and to improve the actual water management through harmonization between the various human communities needs. Design/methodology/approach – After an overview of the geology and hydroclimatology of the study area, the work will be to identify the factors involved in the water balance in the quantitative assessment of groundwater resources, to define areas of use and to estimate water needs for different uses. Findings – The study of the area shows two distinct water reservoirs: the deep aquifer composed of fractured limestone, sands and gravels, and surface massive dune sand aquifer. The impermeable formations are the metamorphic basement and overlying flyschs nappes. Because the average rainfall is relatively high (∼708 mm/year), the region is known by its agricultural vocation and, therefore, most of surface water is assigned to irrigation. The second potential water consumer is population with 2.660 Hm3/year, then industrial needs are 1.793 Hm3/year. Although there was no marked water deficit in the region in the period 2007-2013, it is now time to apply concepts of integrated and sustainable management of water resources in this region because of the growing agricultural practice and population needs. Originality/value – A quantitative diagnosis of water potential of the study area was evaluated for a better rational use of water resources.

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Hakimi, Mohammed Hail, and Abdulghani F. Ahmed. "Petroleum generation modeling of the organic-rich shales of Late Jurassic – Early Cretaceous succession from Mintaq-01 well in the Wadi Hajar sub-basin, Yemen." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 53, no. 10 (October 2016): 1053–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2015-0224.

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Late Jurassic – Early Cretaceous shales of the Naifa, Safer, and Madbi formations were studied to evaluate source rock characterization. The results of the source rock were then incorporated into basin modeling to understand the timing of hydrocarbon (HC) generation and expulsion. The Late Jurassic – Early Cretaceous shales have low to high organic matter, with total organic carbon (TOC) values in the range of 0.50%–28.01%, indicating fair to excellent source rock potential. Main oil and gas are anticipated to be generated from the Naifa, Safer, and Lam shale samples with types I and (or) II and types II–III kerogens. In contrast, the Meem samples are dominated by type III kerogen (hydrogen index, HI < 200 mg HC / g TOC), and are thus considered to be gas prone. The Late Jurassic – Early Cretaceous shale samples have temperatures of maximum pyrolysis yield (Tmax) in the range of 337–515 °C, consistent with immature to post-mature stages. The Tmax data also indicate that the Safer and Madbi shale samples have sufficient thermal maturity, i.e., peak–mature oil and gas window. The basin models indicate that the Naifa Formation is early–mature, and the onset oil generation began during the Early Miocene. The models also indicate that the main phase of oil generation in the Safer source rock began during the Late Eocene. In contrast, the Madbi source rock units had passed the peak oil generation window, and the oil was converted to gas during the Late Cretaceous to Late Eocene. The modeled HC expulsion history reveals that most oils are contributed by both Madbi units, with significant amounts of gas originating from the Meem unit.

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Rigby, J. Keith, and Walter L. Manger. "Morrowan lithistid demosponges and hexactinellids from the Ozark Mountains of northwestern Arkansas." Journal of Paleontology 68, no. 4 (July 1994): 734–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000026184.

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Silicified and well-preserved specimens of the new orchocladine anthaspidellid genus and species, Virgaspongia ichnata, the rhizomorine haplistiid, Haplistion sphaericum Finks, 1960, and various root tufts, and the new hexactinellid species Steioderma hadra are reported from the Brentwood Member of the Morrowan Bloyd Formation from the Sulphur City quadrangle, in the Ozark Mountains of northwestern Arkansas. Virgaspongia is a subcylindrical branched or unbranched sponge that lacks a spongocoel and has a dendroclone-based skeleton in which trabs diverge upward and outward from an axial region. It is abundant here but is one of only a few anthaspidellid genera known from the Pennsylvanian. This is the first record of Haplistion from Pennsylvanian rocks of Arkansas, although the genus is widespread in upper Paleozoic rocks. The new hexactinellid species, Stioderma hadra, also documents the first occurrence of that genus from Arkansas and in Morrowan rocks. Only fragments were recovered but the swollen grotesque spicules, of several sizes, that make the fused dermal layer and outer sponge wall are distinctive, particularly where combined with an inner layer(?) or root tuft of monaxons of various sizes. Two different root tufts and one demosponge wall fragment(?) also occur in the collection.

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Darwin, Darwin. "Actualization of the Trilogy of Education Values in the Family: A Empiric Study of the Community of Banda Aceh City." JURNAL SERAMBI ILMU 22, no. 1 (March 22, 2021): 74–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.32672/si.v22i1.2737.

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Parents are the first and foremost educators for the formation of children's behavior, but actually there are acts of violence and deviant behavior of parents in educating children in Banda Aceh City, this is not in accordance with the values of the educational trilogy initiated by Ki Hajar Dewantara and educational goals. namely, among others, so that children have noble morals and the duties of parents who act as first and foremost educators for the formation of children's behavior. This study is to get a scientific answer to how the actualization of educational trilogy values is applied by parents in educating children in the city of Banda Aceh. The author uses secondary data, data from field research. The sampling technique for the object under study consisted of the parents of the father / mother who had children with the "Simple Random Sampling" technique (simple random sampling). Data collection techniques using literature study, questionnaires and observations. The data analysis technique used to answer the problem formulation and to test the hypothesis is to use a quantitative form of description through the Means test (Average). The results of the hypothesis study show that: 1) actually the values of the education trilogy (with means and categories), namely, parental exemplary (73.3, high), teaching to worship (33.01, high), parental care for children (28.44, high), the responsibility of parents to children (25.97, high), direction to kindness (29.64, moderate) have been implemented by parents in educating children; Therefore, the authors conclude that this study is a new approach to see actually the values of the educational trilogy that Ki Hajar Dewantara has applied by parents in educating children in families in Banda Aceh City.

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Siregar, Nurdiana, Dhea Sundari, and Aprilia Bakri. "Karakter Siswa Pada Pembelajaran Matematika di Sekolah Dasar Swasta Full Day School." AR-RIAYAH : Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar 3, no. 1 (June 21, 2019): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.29240/jpd.v3i1.821.

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This study aims to: a) describe the character of students in mathematics learning in a full day elementary school (SDS), b) find out the supporting and inhibiting factors in the formation and strengthening of character in mathematics learning at SDS full day school. This study used qualitative research methods. This research was conducted at SDS IT Siti Hajar. The technique of collecting data is by observation and interview. Data analysis techniques are data reduction, data display, and conclusions. The results showed that 1) the character of students in mathematics learning included religion, honesty, independence, tolerance, hard work, curiosity and responsibility 2) supporting factors for planting characters in mathematics learning include mathematics teacher figures, informal learning climate or not rigid, and learning methods that vary while the inhibiting factors cannot be implemented strict class rules in the form of punishment

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Draidia, Salah, Meriam El Ouahabi, Lahcen Daoudi, Hans-Balder Havenith, and Nathalie Fagel. "Occurrences and genesis of palygorskite/sepiolite and associated minerals in the Barzaman formation, United Arab Emirates." Clay Minerals 51, no. 5 (December 2016): 763–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/claymin.2016.051.5.06.

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AbstractThe Barzaman Formation exposed in the United Arab Emirates was deposited as a series of fluvial sediment sequences lying along the western margin of the Hajar Mountains, part of the Oman–UAE ophiolite. This formation consists of a sequence of rocks dominated by variably cemented and altered conglomerates comprising calcareous siltstones and calcareous clays deposited during the Miocene to Pliocene under a humid climate. The conglomerates are composed largely of ultramafic and lesser-mafic clasts. The present study was undertaken in order to understand the occurrence and genesis of palygorskite and sepiolite in relation to the environmental changes including evaporitic and sabkha environments.Sediments were collected from two trenches and a drill hole of ∼22 m depth. Samples were analysed by optical petrograpy, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Pedogenesis occurred at the deeper level in well cemented conglomerate which constitutes the hard crust. Post-depositional erosion started in marine phreatic or vadose zones as shown by the neoformation of serpentine from the weathering of olivine as well as of calcite and dolomite. Neoformation of palygorskite, sepiolite, dolomite and halite occurred under evaporitic conditions on calcareous silty clay facies. Relatively hot, vadose and oxidizing environmental conditions affected the calcareous siltstone facies leading to the genesis of dolomite and palygorskite by direct precipitation from solution rich in Ca, Mg, Al, Fe and Si ions.

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Flórez, Paola, Emanuela Di Martino, and Laís V. Ramalho. "Early Miocene coral reef-associated bryozoans from Colombia. Part I: Cyclostomata, “Anasca” and Cribrilinoidea Cheilostomata." Journal of Paleontology 95, no. 4 (March 16, 2021): 694–719. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2021.5.

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AbstractThis is the first of two comprehensive taxonomic works on the early Miocene (ca. 23–20 Ma) bryozoan fauna associated with coral reefs from the Siamaná Formation, in the remote region of Cocinetas Basin in the La Guajira Peninsula, northern Colombia, southern Caribbean. Fifteen bryozoan species in 11 families are described, comprising two cyclostomes and 13 cheilostomes. Two cheilostome genera and seven species are new: Antropora guajirensis n. sp., Calpensia caribensis n. sp., Atoichos magnus n. gen. n. sp., Gymnophorella hadra n. gen. n. sp., Cribrilaria multicostata n. sp., Cribrilaria nixor n. sp., and Figularia bragai n. sp. Eight species are identified only at genus level and remain in open nomenclature. Of the species found, 27% have erect colonies and 73% encrusting colonies. Both types contributed to the reef framework and produced sediment. The observed bryozoan diversity was higher in the barrier reefs than in the lagoonal patch reefs.UUID: http://zoobank.org/5c8468ef-31b0-4e7e-ba93-60a2e2f30b76.

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Maulinda, Rerin. "KARAKTER TOKOH UTAMA DALAM NOVEL SURGA YANG TAK DIRINDUKAN SERTA APLIKASINYA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA DAN SASTRA INDONESIA." Paedagoria | FKIP UMMat 8, no. 1 (October 21, 2017): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.31764/paedagoria.v8i2.76.

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Abstrak - Dalam pandangan umum sebuah nilai terwadahi dalam kerangka kebudayaan masyarakat, karena kebudayaan merupakan salah satu sistem nilai. Di tataran filsafat dan kebudayaan, Sutan Takdir Alisyahbana dan Ki Hajar Dewantara mengenalkan rasa kebangsaan itu melalui proses kristalisasi konsep budaya bangsa. Dalam pengembangan budaya bangsa harus berlandaskan pada nilai-nilai sosial bangsa yang selama ini telah berperan besar dalam memajukan bangsa Indonesia. Karya sastra menjadi sarana untuk menyampaikan pesan tentang kebenaran, tentang apa yang baik dan yang buruk. Karya sastra seharusnya memberi manfaat positif bagi pembaca. Kandungan nilai yang tersimpan dalam karya sastra harus digali agar sampai kepada pembaca. Karya-karya sastra yang memberikan nilai-nilai sebagaimana fungsi sastra utile memberikan kegunaan kepada pembaca. Penerapan nilai-nilai tersebut akan berkontribusi pada pembentukan karakter individu maupun masyarakat yang akan mampu meretas nilai-nilai inti yang luhur sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai pilot pembentukan budaya bangsa secara nasional. Dalam hal ini, karya sastra sangat mendukung pembentukan karakter sesorang yang disebabkan oleh alur kisahnya. Karakter Tokoh Utama yang terdapat dalam novel Surga Yang Tak Dirindukan, berdasarkan hasil analisis terdiri dari enam karakter tokoh utama. Adapaun karakter tokoh utamadalam novel Surga Yang Tak Dirindukan, yaitu: (a) Religius. (b) Peduli Lingkungan. (c)Kreatif. (d) Toleransi. (e) Tanggung Jawab. (f) Kerja Keras. Abstract - In general view a value is embodied within the framework of the culture of society, because culture is one of the value system. At the level of philosophy and culture, Sutan Takdir Alisyahbana and Ki Hajar Dewantara introduce the sense of nationality through the process of crystallizing the nation's cultural concept. In the development of the nation's culture must be based on the social values of the nation that has been playing a major role in advancing the nation of Indonesia. Literary works are a means to convey the message of truth, about what is good and what is bad. Literary works should have positive benefits for the reader. The content of the value stored in the literary works must be extracted to reach the reader. Literary works that provide values as well as utility literary functions provide usefulness to the reader. Implementation of these values will contribute to the formation of individual characters and communities that will be able to pave the core values of the noble so that it can be used as a pilot of national culture formation nationally. In this case, literary works strongly support the formation of one's character caused by the plot of the story. The character of the main character in the novel of the Unwanted Heaven, based on the analysis result consists of six characters of the main character. The characters of the main characters in the novel of Heaven Not Missed, namely: (a) Religious. (b) Care for the Environment. (c) Creative. (d) Tolerance. (e) Responsibility. (f) Hard Work.

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Wehbe, Youssef, Sarah A. Tessendorf, Courtney Weeks, Roelof Bruintjes, Lulin Xue, Roy Rasmussen, Paul Lawson, Sarah Woods, and Marouane Temimi. "Analysis of aerosol–cloud interactions and their implications for precipitation formation using aircraft observations over the United Arab Emirates." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 21, no. 16 (August 23, 2021): 12543–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-12543-2021.

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Abstract. Aerosol and cloud microphysical measurements were collected by a research aircraft during August 2019 over the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The majority of scientific flights targeted summertime convection along the eastern Al Hajar Mountains bordering Oman, while one flight sampled non-orographic clouds over the western UAE near the Saudi Arabian border. In this work, we study the evolution of growing cloud turrets from cloud base (9 ∘C) up to the capping inversion level (−12 ∘C) using coincident cloud particle imagery and particle size distributions from cloud cores under different forcing. Results demonstrate the active role of background dust and pollution as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) with the onset of their deliquescence in the subcloud region. Subcloud aerosol sizes are shown to extend from submicron to 100 µm sizes, with higher concentrations of ultra-giant CCN (d>10 µm) from local sources closer to the Saudi border, compared with the eastern orographic region where smaller CCN are observed. Despite the presence of ultra-giant CCN from dust and pollution in both regions, an active collision–coalescence (C–C) process is not observed within the limited depths of warm cloud (<1000 m). The state-of-the-art observations presented in this paper can be used to initialize modeling case studies to examine the influence of aerosols on cloud and precipitation processes in the region and to better understand the impacts of hygroscopic cloud seeding on these clouds.

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Weidner, Thomas, Gerd Geyer, Jan Ove R. Ebbestad, and Volker von Seckendorff. "Glacial erratic boulders from Jutland, Denmark, feature an uppermost lower Cambrian fauna of the Lingulid Sandstone Member of Västergötland, Sweden." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 63 (December 4, 2015): 59–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.37570/bgsd-2015-63-06.

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Reinvestigation of glacial erratic boulders from Jutland, Denmark, and from northern Germany, has revealed a moderately diverse fauna with the trilobites Holmiella? sp., Epichalnipsus anartanus, Epichalnipsus sp. A, Epichalnipsus sp. B, and Berabichia erratica, three species of lingulid brachiopods, one hyolith species, and trace fossils comparable to Halopoa imbricata. Comparison with faunas from the Cambrian of Scandinavia strongly suggested a biostratigraphic position equivalent to the uppermost part of the (revised) Holmia kjerulfi–‘Ornamentaspis’ linnarssoni to lowermost Comluella?–Ellipsocephalus lunatus zones sensu Nielsen & Schovsbo (2011), or the lower to middle part of the traditional ‘Ornamentaspis’ linnarssoni Zone, but probably a particular horizon and biofacies not yet discovered in Scandinavia. Considerations of glacial transport regimes and the distribution of comparable rock units, as well as a petrographical analysis of the material from the studied erratic boulders and rocks from outcrops in Sweden, indicate that the boulders were derived from the Lingulid Sandstone Member of the File Haidar Formation and the source area is situated in the vicinity of the present-day outcrops in the Halleberg–Hunneberg area, Västergötland, Sweden.

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Cahyati, Suci. "GURU BERKARAKTER UNTUK PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DI SEKOLAH." Academy of Education Journal 11, no. 01 (January 31, 2020): 63–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.47200/aoej.v11i01.319.

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Character education is influenced by the teacher's character role. The teacher is a role model that is used as a role model and a real example for students in school and in the community. But the reality in the field shows that not all teachers are able to educate. This is shown from the rampant anmoral cases committed by teachers on students such as sexual harassment, physical violence, bullying, smoking in the school environment, and so forth. An immoral teacher can be a factor that affects the moral decline of the nation's children. Teachers should be able to character first in good character so they can set an example for students. Ki Hadjar Dewantara stated Ing Ngarsa Sung Tulada, Ing Madya Mangun Karsa, Tut Wuri Handayani. This term indicates that the teacher is an example that is very influential on the formation of character. How is the character that must be possessed by a teacher is an important question that needs to be answered by all educators. Teachers who have ideal character can contribute to the character education of students.

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Wicaksono, Herwin Yogo. "Weak of Effects of Music Education in The Establishment of Characters." Harmonia: Journal of Arts Research and Education 19, no. 2 (December 13, 2019): 172–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/harmonia.v19i2.23623.

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This study discusses the absence of significant influence from music education in shaping an individual’s character. Character education itself is an education that discusses the mental and moral qualities that are unique to an individual. Ki Hajar Dewantara views music education as having the power to help Indonesian people realize a better inner and outer life, and the nature of the art of music itself is actually order and beauty. The purpose of this study is to reveal the weak influence of music education on the formation of an individual’s character. The behaviour of students and lecturers in the Department of Music Education FBS UNY was observed continuously for approximately six months. To strengthen the data, interviews were conducted face to face. The results showed that most students and lecturers who had long struggled and involved in the music field were weak in terms of discipline, social care and socializing order, and beauty. This can be seen from the behaviour of students and lecturers in carrying out daily activities, especially musical activities.

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Jiménez-Sánchez, Andrea, Enrique Villas, and Enmanuelle Vennin. "New trepostomate bryozoans from the Upper Ordovician of Morocco and the temperature influence on zooid size." Journal of Paleontology 89, no. 3 (May 2015): 385–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2015.20.

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AbstractNew Upper Ordovician trepostomate bryozoans from the eastern Anti-Atlas of Morocco have been identified. They have been collected from the lower and intermediate units of the Khabt-el-Hajar Formation, late Katian in age, representing, respectively, bryozoan-pelmatozoan meadows with siliciclastic input, degraded by wave activity in a mid-ramp setting, and outer-ramp environments with marly substrates. Ten species of the generaCyphotrypa,Calloporella,Diplotrypa,Parvohallopora,Dekayia, andAostiporaare described. Of them, three species are new:Cyphotrypa regularisJiménez-Sánchez,Parvohallopora cystataJiménez-Sánchez, andAostipora elongataJiménez-Sánchez. Univariate statistical analyses of the sub-polar Moroccan species, in addition to other congeneric species of high, middle, and low latitudes, corroborate that for the trepostomate bryozoan the temperature of the ambient water was a primary control on zooecium size variations. Nevertheless, other environmental factors, besides temperature, must have also influenced significantly the zooid size, at least in low latitudes. Our data also give further support for considering the zooecium wall thickness as a limiting factor for the zooid size increment with latitude in the trepostomates.

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Kesidis, Giannis, Ben J. Slater, Sören Jensen, and Graham E. Budd. "Caught in the act: priapulid burrowers in early Cambrian substrates." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 286, no. 1894 (January 16, 2019): 20182505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.2505.

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The fossilized traces of burrowing worms have taken on a considerable importance in studies of the Cambrian explosion, partly because of their use in defining the base of the Cambrian. Foremost among these are the treptichnids, a group of relatively large open probing burrows that have sometimes been assigned to the activities of priapulid scalidophoran worms. Nevertheless, most Cambrian burrows have an uncertain progenitor. Here we report a suite of exceptionally preserved trace and body fossils from sandstones of the lower Cambrian (Stage 4) File Haidar Formation of southern Sweden that can unequivocally be assigned to a scalidophoran producer. We further present the first burrow casts produced via actualistic experiments on living priapulids, and demonstrate the remarkable morphological parallels between these modern and Cambrian fossil equivalents. In addition, co-occurrence of scalidophoran-derived cuticular remains permits a unique synthesis of evidence from trace fossil, body and organic remains. Comparative analysis of these exceptionally preserved fossils supports a scalidophoran producer for treptichnids and by extension suggests a latest Ediacaran origin of the ecdysozoan clade.

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Xin, Ning, and Liao Jingjing. "History of the Silk Road." Chronos 36 (August 20, 2018): 167–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.31377/chr.v36i0.86.

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It is often mentioned that the "Silk Road" was a trade route between theEast and the West. Conceptually, it represents the history of communicationbetween China and the West: goods and merchants frequently travelledalong this route. The meaning of the Silk Road and its formation processand scope of influence has been documented in different records, and hadan impact on academic research in several countries: in the field of researchon the history of China, the study of the Silk Road is a subject that manyresearchers have tackled and discussed. Early historical chronicles have beenanalyzed and discussed as well as documents and unearthed artefacts foundalong the Silk Road; these studies involve political, cultural, and economicaspects. Research has not been limited to China, but has also interested thecountries which were along the Silk Road and those which were affected bythe Silk Road culture. The Silk Road acted as a cultural bridge between Eastand West: it did not only promote commerce but also cultural exchanges.For example, Buddhism, as one of the religions of the Kushan kingdom,reached China thanks to this route.

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Siswanta, Jaka. "Pengembangan Karakter Kepribadian Anak Usia Dini (Studi Pada PAUD Islam Terpadu Di Kabupaten Magelang Tahun 2015)." INFERENSI 11, no. 1 (June 1, 2017): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.18326/infsl3.v11i1.97-118.

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The purpose of this study is to describe the values developed in the development of the child’s personality character, describe the implementation of the development of children’s personality traits, the strategy of developing the personality character of children, the constraints in the implementation of the development of child personality character in the Integrated Islamic School of Magelang District 2015. With a qualitative approach using purposive sampling technique. The results pointed. PAUD Integrated Aisyiyah Insan Robbani Muntilan and Islamic Early Childhood Ibnu Hadjar refers to the provisions of the implementation of Character Education established by the Ministry of National Education, early childhood education developed values of personality traits based on the value determined by the school. Implementation of character formation is done as an effort to form the character of child’s personality. Character development strategy is done by the method of playing while singing, exemplary methods, methods of advice, methods of supervision and method of habituation. Constraints, especially parents support factors related to school policy in the development of children’s personality traits.

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HEWARD, A. P., G. A. BOOTH, R. A. FORTEY, C. G. MILLER, and I. J. SANSOM. "Darriwilian shallow-marine deposits from the Sultanate of Oman, a poorly known portion of the Arabian margin of Gondwana." Geological Magazine 155, no. 1 (September 13, 2016): 59–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756816000819.

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AbstractThe Amdeh Formation is a 3.4 km stack of sparsely fossiliferous quartzites and shales which crops out in the Al Hajar mountains near Muscat. Here we describe the uppermost member (Am5) that can be dated biostratigraphically as Darriwilian and which is the outcrop equivalent, and probably the seaward continuation, of the Saih Nihayda Formation in the Ghaba Salt Basin of northern Oman. The outcrops at Wadi Daiqa and Hayl al Quwasim consist of 690 m of quartzitic sandstones, shales and bivalve-rich shell beds. Trace fossils referable to the Cruziana and Skolithos ichnofacies abound. The member comprises storm-dominated shelf, shoreface and delta deposits. A number of new discoveries have been made in the outcrops: fragments of the arandaspid fish Sacabambaspis, ossicles and moulds of the early disparid crinoid Iocrinus, two new genera of conodont, an occurrence of the rare trinucleid trilobite Yinpanolithus, and palynological and sedimentological evidence of more continuous Floian–Darriwilian deposition than is usual in the region. Sea levels during Middle Ordovician time are estimated to have been 50–200 m above present levels and a wide, low-gradient shelf covered much of Arabia. Similar trace fossils and storm-dominated, micro-tidal, sedimentary rocks occur throughout the region. Small changes of sea level, possibly caused by the growth and melting of polar ice sheets, could lead to substantial seaward or landward shifts of facies belts. The Am5 deposits are thick compared to most equivalents in Arabia implying active subsidence and a ready supply of sediment.

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Lemenkova, Polina. "STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF THE MARIANA TRENCH GEOMORPHOLOGY USING R PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE." Geodesy and cartography 45, no. 2 (September 3, 2019): 57–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/gac.2019.3785.

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This paper introduces an application of R programming language for geostatistical data processing with a case study of the Mariana Trench, Pacific Ocean. The formation of the Mariana Trench, the deepest among all hadal oceanic depth trenches, is caused by complex and diverse geomorphic factors affecting its development. Mariana Trench crosses four tectonic plates: Mariana, Caroline, Pacific and Philippine. The impact of the geographic location and geological factors on its geomorphology has been studied by methods of statistical analysis and data visualization using R libraries. The methodology includes following steps. Firstly, vector thematic data were processed in QGIS: tectonics, bathymetry, geomorphology and geology. Secondly, 25 cross-section profiles were drawn across the trench. The length of each profile is 1000-km. The attribute information has been derived from each profile and stored in a table containing coordinates, depths and thematic information. Finally, this table was processed by methods of the statistical analysis on R. The programming codes and graphical results are presented. The results include geospatial comparative analysis and estimated effects of the data distribution by tectonic plates: slope angle, igneous volcanic areas and depths. The innovativeness of this paper consists in a cross-disciplinary approach combining GIS, statistical analysis and R programming.

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Jiménez-Sánchez, Andrea, Enmanuelle Vennin, and Enrique Villas. "Trepostomate bryozoans from the upper Katian (Upper Ordovician) of Morocco: gigantism in high latitude Gondwana platforms." Journal of Paleontology 89, no. 2 (March 2015): 195–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2014.17.

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AbstractA study of the Upper Ordovician trepostomate bryozoans belonging to the families Amplexoporidae and Monticuliporidae, from the eastern Anti-Atlas of Morocco, is presented here. They occur in the marly to fine-grained limestone, intermediate unit of the Khabt-el-Hajar Formation, late Katian in age, representing outer-ramp depositional environments. They inhabited the highest paleolatitude known for a bryozoan fauna during the Ordovician, estimated at more than 65–70ºS. A total of 11 species of the generaAnaphragma,Atactoporella,Homotrypa,Monotrypa,Monticulipora, andPrasoporaare described. Three species are already known from the equatorial-tropical paleocontinents of Baltica, Laurentia, and Siberia:Anaphragma mirabile,Monotrypa jewensis, andPrasopora falesi. Four new taxa are described:Anaphragma undulata,Atactoporella moroccoensis,Monticulipora globulata, andMonticulipora irregularis.The two species ofAnaphragmaand the one ofAtactoporelladisplay significantly larger zoarial sizes than congeneric species, representing gigantism among bryozoans. Polar gigantism is rejected for the two species ofAnaphragmaas is gigantism related to photosynthetic endosymbionts. An alternative proposal for their giant size is their long zoarial life span due to their well-balanced, robust branching form, with a relatively wide basal supporting surface, adapted to unconsolidated substrates in environments below wave base. Their great stability in outer-ramp environments, with infrequent storms, would allow the zoaria to grow for an extended time and reach large sizes before being overturned and buried.Atactoporella moroccoensis, has both zoaria and zooecia gigantic, suggesting a hypothesis of polar gigantism.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Hadar Formation'

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