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Journal articles on the topic 'Haemosporidian blood parasite'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 5 February 2022

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1

FECCHIO, ALAN, MARCOS ROBALINHO LIMA, MARIA SVENSSON-COELHO, MIGUEL ÂNGELO MARINI, and ROBERT E. RICKLEFS. "Structure and organization of an avian haemosporidian assemblage in a Neotropical savanna in Brazil." Parasitology 140, no. 2 (2012): 181–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182012001412.

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SUMMARYStudies on avian haemosporidia are on the rise, but we still lack a basic understanding of how ecological and evolutionary factors mold the distributions of haemosporidia among species in the same bird community. We studied the structure and organization of a local avian haemosporidian assemblage (genera Plasmodium and Haemoproteus) in the Cerrado biome of Central Brazil for 5 years. We obtained 790 blood samples from 54 bird species of which 166 (21%) were infected with haemosporidians based on molecular diagnostics. Partial sequences of the parasite cytochrome b gene revealed 18 diffe

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Fecchio, A., M. R. Lima, P. Silveira, A. C. A. Ribas, R. Caparroz, and M. Â. Marini. "Age, but not sex and seasonality, influence Haemosporida prevalence in White-banded Tanagers (Neothraupis fasciata) from central Brazil." Canadian Journal of Zoology 93, no. 1 (2015): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2014-0119.

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Despite many studies on avian blood parasites, we still have a limited understanding of the mechanisms that drive patterns of haemosporidian infection among tropical birds, including effects associated with sex, age, and seasonality. Using molecular and morphological methods for blood-parasite detection, we found that juvenile White-banded Tanagers (Neothraupis fasciata (Lichtenstein, 1823)) had lower haemosporidian prevalence than adults in a population within central Brazil. However, no sex or seasonal differences were detected. Of the 92 White-banded Tanagers analyzed, 67 individuals (72.8%

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Sándor, Attila D., Áron Péter, Alexandra Corduneanu, et al. "Wide Distribution and Diversity of Malaria-Related Haemosporidian Parasites (Polychromophilus spp.) in Bats and Their Ectoparasites in Eastern Europe." Microorganisms 9, no. 2 (2021): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9020230.

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Malaria is responsible for major diseases of humans, while associated haemosporidians are important factors in regulating wildlife populations. Polychromophilus, a haemosporidian parasite of bats, is phylogenetically close to human-pathogenic Plasmodium species, and their study may provide further clues for understanding the evolutionary relationships between vertebrates and malarial parasites. Our aim was to investigate the distribution of Polychromophilus spp. in Eastern Europe and test the importance of host ecology and roost site on haemosporidian parasite infection of bats. We sampled bat

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Ghaemitalab, Vajiheh, Omid Mirshamsi, Gediminas Valkiūnas, and Mansour Aliabadian. "Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Avian Haemosporidian Parasites in Southern Iran." Pathogens 10, no. 6 (2021): 645. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10060645.

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Avian haemosporidians are widespread and diverse and are classified in the genera Plasmodium, Haemoproteus, Leucocytozoon, and Fallisia. These species are known to cause haemosporidiosis and decreased fitness of their hosts. Despite the high diversity of habitats and animal species in Iran, only few studies have addressed avian haemosporidians in this geographic area. This study was performed in the south and southeast of Iran during the bird breeding seasons in 2017 and 2018, with the aim to partly fill in this gap. Blood samples of 237 passerine birds belonging to 41 species and 20 families

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SOARES, LETÍCIA, VINCENZO A. ELLIS, and ROBERT E. RICKLEFS. "Co-infections of haemosporidian and trypanosome parasites in a North American songbird." Parasitology 143, no. 14 (2016): 1930–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182016001384.

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SUMMARYHosts frequently harbour multiple parasite infections, yet patterns of parasite co-occurrence are poorly documented in nature. In this study, we asked whether two common avian blood parasites, one haemosporidian and one trypanosome, affect each other's occurrence in individuals of a single host species. We used molecular genotyping to survey protozoan parasites in the peripheral blood of yellow-breasted chats (Aves: Passeriformes [Parulidae]:Icteria virens) from the Ozarks of Southern Missouri. We also determined whether single and co-infections differently influence white blood cell an

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Schumm, Yvonne R., Christine Wecker, Carina Marek, et al. "Blood parasites in Passeriformes in central Germany: prevalence and lineage diversity of Haemosporida (Haemoproteus, Plasmodium and Leucocytozoon) in six common songbirds." PeerJ 6 (January 31, 2019): e6259. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6259.

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Background Avian Haemosporida are vector-borne parasites that commonly infect Passeriformes. Molecular analyses revealed a high number of different lineages and lineage specific traits like prevalence and host-specificity, but knowledge of parasite prevalence and lineage diversity in wild birds in Central Germany is still lacking. Results Blood samples from a total of 238 adult and 122 nestling songbirds belonging to six species were investigated for infections with avian haemosporidian genera and lineages (Haemoproteus spp., Plasmodium spp., Leucocytozoon spp.) and Trypanosoma avium using PCR

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Galen, Spencer C., Janus Borner, Ellen S. Martinsen, et al. "The polyphyly of Plasmodium : comprehensive phylogenetic analyses of the malaria parasites (order Haemosporida) reveal widespread taxonomic conflict." Royal Society Open Science 5, no. 5 (2018): 171780. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.171780.

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The evolutionary relationships among the apicomplexan blood pathogens known as the malaria parasites (order Haemosporida), some of which infect nearly 200 million humans each year, has remained a vexing phylogenetic problem due to limitations in taxon sampling, character sampling and the extreme nucleotide base composition biases that are characteristic of this clade. Previous phylogenetic work on the malaria parasites has often lacked sufficient representation of the broad taxonomic diversity within the Haemosporida or the multi-locus sequence data needed to resolve deep evolutionary relation

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Dimitrov, Dimitar, Martin P. Marinov, Aneliya Bobeva, et al. "Haemosporidian parasites and leukocyte profiles of pre-migratory rosy starlings (Pastor roseus) brought into captivity." Animal Migration 6, no. 1 (2019): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ami-2019-0005.

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Abstract Immune response to pathogens such as avian malaria (Plasmodium spp.) and related haemosporidian parasites (Haemoproteus spp. and Leucocytozoon spp.) can lead to increases in energy demands of birds. Migrations are energetically costly for birds and require resources that could be otherwise invested in immune defence against pathogens. Here, we examined the prevalence and intensity of haemosporidian parasites (Apicomplexa, Haemosporida) in rosy starlings (Pastor roseus), an irruptive migrant on the Balkans, during their pre-migratory period. We further evaluated if these infections aff

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Hahn, Steffen, Silke Bauer, Dimitar Dimitrov, et al. "Low intensity blood parasite infections do not reduce the aerobic performance of migratory birds." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 285, no. 1871 (2018): 20172307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.2307.

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Blood parasites (Haemosporidia) are thought to impair the flight performance of infected animals, and therefore, infected birds are expected to differ from their non-infected counterparts in migratory capacity. Since haemosporidians invade host erythrocytes, it is commonly assumed that infected individuals will have compromised aerobic capacity, but this has not been examined in free-living birds. We tested if haemosporidian infections affect aerobic performance by examining metabolic rates and exercise endurance in migratory great reed warblers ( Acrocephalus arundinaceus ) experimentally tre

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Ramey, A. M., J. A. Reed, J. A. Schmutz, et al. "Prevalence, transmission, and genetic diversity of blood parasites infecting tundra-nesting geese in Alaska." Canadian Journal of Zoology 92, no. 8 (2014): 699–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2014-0041.

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A total of 842 blood samples collected from five species of tundra-nesting geese in Alaska was screened for haemosporidian parasites using molecular techniques. Parasites of the genera Leucocytozoon Danilewsky, 1890, Haemoproteus Kruse, 1890, and Plasmodium Marchiafava and Celli, 1885 were detected in 169 (20%), 3 (<1%), and 0 (0%) samples, respectively. Occupancy modeling was used to estimate prevalence of Leucocytozoon parasites and assess variation relative to species, age, sex, geographic area, year, and decade. Species, age, and decade were identified as important in explaining differe

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Chakarov, Nayden, and Guillermo Blanco. "Blood Parasites in Sympatric Vultures: Role of Nesting Habits and Effects on Body Condition." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 5 (2021): 2431. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052431.

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Avian haemosporidians are a common and widespread group of vector-borne parasites capable of infecting most bird species around the world. They can negatively affect host condition and fitness. Vultures are assumed to have a very low prevalence of these blood parasites, likely due to their strong immunity; however, factors contributing to variation in host exposure and susceptibility to haemosporidians are complex, and supporting evidence is still very limited. We analyzed blood samples collected from nestlings of three vulture species in Spain over 18 years, and used updated nested-PCR protoc

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Ellis, Vincenzo A., Michael D. Collins, Matthew C. I. Medeiros, et al. "Local host specialization, host-switching, and dispersal shape the regional distributions of avian haemosporidian parasites." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 36 (2015): 11294–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1515309112.

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The drivers of regional parasite distributions are poorly understood, especially in comparison with those of free-living species. For vector-transmitted parasites, in particular, distributions might be influenced by host-switching and by parasite dispersal with primary hosts and vectors. We surveyed haemosporidian blood parasites (Plasmodium and Haemoproteus) of small land birds in eastern North America to characterize a regional parasite community. Distributions of parasite populations generally reflected distributions of their hosts across the region. However, when the interdependence betwee

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Nebel, Carina, Josef Harl, Adrien Pajot, Herbert Weissenböck, Arjun Amar, and Petra Sumasgutner. "High prevalence and genetic diversity of Haemoproteus columbae (Haemosporida: Haemoproteidae) in feral pigeons Columba livia in Cape Town, South Africa." Parasitology Research 119, no. 2 (2019): 447–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-019-06558-6.

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AbstractIn this study, we explore blood parasite prevalence, infection intensity, and co-infection levels in an urban population of feral pigeons Columba livia in Cape Town. We analyze the effect of blood parasites on host body condition and the association between melanin expression in the host’s plumage and parasite infection intensity and co-infection levels. Relating to the haemosporidian parasite itself, we study their genetic diversity by means of DNA barcoding (cytochrome b) and show the geographic and host distribution of related parasite lineages in pigeons worldwide. Blood from 195 C

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Vincze, Orsolya, Claire Loiseau, and Mathieu Giraudeau. "Avian blood parasite richness decreases with major histocompatibility complex class I loci number." Biology Letters 17, no. 8 (2021): 20210253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2021.0253.

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Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes are among the most polymorphic in the vertebrate genome. The high allele diversity is believed to be maintained primarily by sexual and pathogen-mediated balancing selection. The number of MHC loci also varies greatly across vertebrates, most notably across birds. MHC proteins play key roles in presenting antigens on the cell surface for recognition by T cells, with class I proteins specifically targeting intracellular pathogens. Here, we explore the hypothesis that MHC class I diversity (measured as loci number) coevolves with haemosporidian parasi

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Merrill, L., J. M. Levengood, J. C. England, J. M. Osborn, and H. M. Hagy. "Blood parasite infection linked to condition of spring-migrating Lesser Scaup (Aythya affinis)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 96, no. 10 (2018): 1145–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2017-0307.

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Numerous organisms exhibit carry-over effects, in which previous environmental conditions impact current performance. For example, reproductive output for many migratory birds can be impacted by events during the preceding migration. Lesser Scaup (Aythya affinis (Eyton, 1838); hereafter scaup) declined dramatically during 1970s–2000s, and there is evidence linking reduced reproductive output to reduced body condition during spring migration. In addition to food availability and quality, haemosporidian parasites (Plasmodium spp., Haemoproteus spp.) may be associated with condition of spring-mig

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Atama, N., S. Manu, S. Ivande, S. P. Rosskopf, K. Matuschewski, and J. Schaer. "Survey of Hepatocystis parasites of fruit bats in the Amurum forest reserve, Nigeria, identifies first host record for Rousettus aegyptiacus." Parasitology 146, no. 12 (2019): 1550–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182019000817.

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AbstractParasites of the genus Hepatocystis are close relatives of Plasmodium that frequently infect epauletted fruit bats across West and East Africa. Our understanding of susceptible hosts and prevalence of infection of Hepatocystis remains fragmented. Non-invasive sampling of bat assemblages in representative habitats critically contribute to haemosporidian parasite distribution maps. Here, we report on a survey of Hepatocystis parasite infections in bats undertaken over two consecutive years in a protected area in Nigeria, where prevalence and diversity of bat-infecting haemosporidian para

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VALKIŪNAS, GEDIMINAS, MIKAS ILGŪNAS, DOVILĖ BUKAUSKAITĖ, VAIDAS PALINAUSKAS, RASA BERNOTIENĖ, and TATJANA A. IEZHOVA. "Molecular characterization and distribution of Plasmodium matutinum, a common avian malaria parasite." Parasitology 144, no. 13 (2017): 1726–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182017000737.

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SUMMARYSpecies of Plasmodium (Plasmodiidae, Haemosporida) are widespread and cause malaria, which can be severe in avian hosts. Molecular markers are essential to detect and identify parasites, but still absent for many avian malaria and related haemosporidian species. Here, we provide first molecular characterization of Plasmodium matutinum, a common agent of avian malaria. This parasite was isolated from a naturally infected thrush nightingale Luscinia luscinia (Muscicapidae). Fragments of mitochondrial, apicoplast and nuclear genomes were obtained. Domestic canaries Serinus canaria were sus

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Dubiec, Anna, Edyta Podmokła, Iga Harnist, and Tomasz D. Mazgajski. "Haemoparasites of the pied flycatcher: inter-population variation in the prevalence and community composition." Parasitology 145, no. 7 (2017): 912–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182017001913.

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AbstractThe prevalence and community composition of haemoparasites can substantially differ among avian host populations, which may lead to different selection pressures. Therefore, information about these parameters is crucial for understanding, e.g. the inter-population variation in host life history traits. Here, we molecularly screened a population of a long-distance migrant, the pied flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca, from central Poland for the presence of three genera of blood parasites: Haemoproteus, Plasmodium and Trypanosoma. The infection rate in this population was the highest for haem

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Schoenle, Laura A., Ignacio T. Moore, Alana M. Dudek, et al. "Exogenous glucocorticoids amplify the costs of infection by reducing resistance and tolerance, but effects are mitigated by co-infection." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 286, no. 1900 (2019): 20182913. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.2913.

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Individual variation in parasite defences, such as resistance and tolerance, can underlie heterogeneity in fitness and could influence disease transmission dynamics. Glucocorticoid hormone concentrations often change in response to fluctuating environmental conditions and mediate changes in immune function, resource allocation and tissue repair. Thus, changes in glucocorticoid hormone concentrations might mediate individual variation in investment in resistance versus tolerance. In this study, we experimentally increased glucocorticoid concentrations in red-winged blackbirds ( Agelaius phoenic

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Schumm, Yvonne R., Dimitris Bakaloudis, Christos Barboutis, et al. "Prevalence and genetic diversity of avian haemosporidian parasites in wild bird species of the order Columbiformes." Parasitology Research 120, no. 4 (2021): 1405–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-021-07053-7.

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AbstractDiseases can play a role in species decline. Among them, haemosporidian parasites, vector-transmitted protozoan parasites, are known to constitute a risk for different avian species. However, the magnitude of haemosporidian infection in wild columbiform birds, including strongly decreasing European turtle doves, is largely unknown. We examined the prevalence and diversity of haemosporidian parasites Plasmodium, Leucocytozoon and subgenera Haemoproteus and Parahaemoproteus in six species of the order Columbiformes during breeding season and migration by applying nested PCR, one-step mul

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Ribeiro, Paulo Vitor Alves, Camilla Queiroz Baesse, Vitor Carneiro de Magalhães Tolentino, et al. "Haemosporidian parasites prevalence associated with physical conditioning of avian species from the Brazilian Cerrado." Ciência e Natura 42 (May 14, 2020): e50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2179460x40002.

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Blood parasites can infect myriad avian species and thereby affect the fitness and survival of their hosts. There is wide interspecific variation in parasite prevalence related to biological, ecological, and evolutionary host factors. This study aimed to determine the blood parasite prevalence in avian species from the Brazilian Cerrado and to investigate the associations among biomass, body condition, and blood parasitism. A total of 1,098 blood smears from 549 individuals (56 species) collected in four forest fragments were analyzed. Of these, 109 (19.85%) individuals from 33 species were in

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Enslow, Chelsea, Rachel Vallender, Emily Rondel, and Nicola Koper. "Host dispersal and landscape conversion are associated with the composition of haemosporidian parasites of the golden-winged warbler." Parasitology 147, no. 1 (2019): 96–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182019001240.

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AbstractUnderstanding factors that influence the spatial and temporal distributions of blood parasites is important to help predict how host species and their parasites may respond to global change. Factors that may influence parasite distributions are land cover and host dispersal patterns, which may result in exposure of a host to novel parasites, or escape from parasites of their origin. We screened golden-winged warblers from across the United States and Canada for blood parasites, and investigated whether land-use patterns or host dispersal affected the prevalence and composition of haemo

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Marroquin-Flores, Rosario A., Jessie L. Williamson, Andrea N. Chavez, et al. "Diversity, abundance, and host relationships of avian malaria and related haemosporidians in New Mexico pine forests." PeerJ 5 (August 17, 2017): e3700. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3700.

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Avian malaria and related haemosporidian parasites (genera Haemoproteus, Plasmodium, and Leucocytozoon) affect bird demography, species range limits, and community structure, yet they remain unsurveyed in most bird communities and populations. We conducted a community-level survey of these vector-transmitted parasites in New Mexico, USA, to describe their diversity, abundance, and host associations. We focused on the breeding-bird community in the transition zone between piñon-juniper woodland and ponderosa pine forests (elevational range: 2,150–2,460 m). We screened 186 birds representing 49

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Pacheco, M. Andreína, M. Alexandra García-Amado, Jaime Manzano, Nubia E. Matta, and Ananias A. Escalante. "Blood parasites infecting the Hoatzin (Opisthocomus hoazin), a unique neotropical folivorous bird." PeerJ 7 (February 5, 2019): e6361. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6361.

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The Hoatzin (Opisthocomus hoazin) is the only extant member of the order Opisthocomiformes. This unique South American bird lives in the riparian lowland vegetation characteristic of the Amazon and Orinoco basins. Hoatzins nest in communal social units close to water bodies; they are strictly folivores being the only bird with pregastric fermentation in the crop. Because of the complex logistics involved in capturing this bird, there is a knowledge gap on its parasites. This study documents two distant lineages of haemosporidian parasites (Plasmodium spp.) in a juvenile and two adults sampled

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Paperna, Ilan, Lajos Rózsa, and Reuven Yosef. "Avian Haemosporidian blood parasite infections at a migration hotspot in Eilat, Israel." European Journal of Ecology 2, no. 1 (2016): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eje-2016-0005.

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Abstract Haemosporidian blood parasites are frequent amongst passerines. Though they often do not cause detectable consequences to host health, however, their presence or absence and also their prevalence across host populations may potentially carry meaningful information about the health, stress, body condition and viability of bird individuals or populations. The study of migratory birds captured in Eilat, Israel, allowed us to evaluate the prevalence of blood parasite infections in a wide range of both migrant and resident species in spring (N = 1,950) and autumn (N = 538) of 2004 and 2005

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Garant, Dany, Audrey Bourret, Clarence Schmitt, Audrey Turcotte, Fanie Pelletier, and Marc Bélisle. "Effects of blood parasite infection and innate immune genetic diversity on mating patterns in a passerine bird breeding in contrasted habitats." PeerJ 6 (November 23, 2018): e6004. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6004.

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Genetic diversity at immune genes and levels of parasitism are known to affect patterns of (dis)assortative mating in several species. Heterozygote advantage and/or good genes should shape mate choice originating from pathogen/parasite-driven selection at immune genes. However, the stability of these associations, and whether they vary with environmental conditions, are still rarely documented. In this study, we describe mating patterns in a wild population of tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) over 4 years and assess the effects of haemosporidian parasite infection and immune genetic diversi

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Anjos, Carolina C., Carolina R. F. Chagas, Alan Fecchio, et al. "Avian Malaria and Related Parasites from Resident and Migratory Birds in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, with Description of a New Haemoproteus Species." Pathogens 10, no. 2 (2021): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10020103.

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Determining the prevalence and local transmission dynamics of parasitic organisms are necessary to understand the ability of parasites to persist in host populations and disperse across regions, yet local transmission dynamics, diversity, and distribution of haemosporidian parasites remain poorly understood. We studied the prevalence, diversity, and distributions of avian haemosporidian parasites of the genera Plasmodium, Haemoproteus, and Leucocytozoon among resident and migratory birds in Serra do Mar, Brazil. Using 399 blood samples from 66 Atlantic Forest bird species, we determined the pr

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Marinov, M. P., C. Marchetti, D. Dimitrov, M. Ilieva, and P. Zehtindjiev. "Mixed haemosporidian infections are associated with higher fearfulness in Yellow Wagtail (Motacilla flava)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 95, no. 6 (2017): 405–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2016-0121.

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Blood parasite infections have been shown to influence behavioural traits of their avian hosts, in particular activity level and boldness. Following the hypothesis that a mixed infection by different parasite species should have higher effects than single-species infections, we analysed activity and boldness in wild-caught Yellow Wagtails (Motacilla flava L., 1758), a trans-Saharan migrant, during the energetically demanding spring migration. Eighty-five percent of the birds were naturally infected with Haemoproteus Kruse, 1890 or Plasmodium Marchiafava and Celli, 1885 (Sporozoa, Haemosporida)

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Smith, Matthew M., Caroline Van Hemert, and Richard Merizon. "Haemosporidian parasite infections in grouse and ptarmigan: Prevalence and genetic diversity of blood parasites in resident Alaskan birds." International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife 5, no. 3 (2016): 229–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijppaw.2016.07.003.

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KRIŽANAUSKIENĖ, ASTA, TATJANA A. IEZHOVA, VAIDAS PALINAUSKAS, NIKITA CHERNETSOV, and GEDIMINAS VALKIŪNAS. "Haemoproteus nucleocondensus n. sp. (Haemosporida, Haemoproteidae) from a Eurasian sogbird, the Great Reed Warbler Acrocephalus arundinaceus." Zootaxa 3441, no. 1 (2012): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3441.1.3.

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Haemoproteus (Parahaemoproteus) nucleocondensus n. sp. (Haemosporida, Haemoproteidae) is described from aEurasian songbird, the Great Reed Warbler Acrocephalus arundinaceus based on the morphology of its blood stages andpartial sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. Transmission of this haemoproteid occurs in Africa, where theGreat Reed Warblers are infected. Due to unclear reasons, its transmission does not occur at European breeding groundsof this bird, resulting in absence of the parasites in juvenile birds before and during seasonal migration. Haemoproteusnucleocondensus can be

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Gupta, Pooja, C. K. Vishnudas, Uma Ramakrishnan, V. V. Robin, and Guha Dharmarajan. "Geographical and host species barriers differentially affect generalist and specialist parasite community structure in a tropical sky-island archipelago." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 286, no. 1904 (2019): 20190439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.0439.

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Understanding why some parasites emerge in novel host communities while others do not has broad implications for human and wildlife health. In the case of haemosporidian blood parasites, epidemic wild bird mortalities on oceanic islands have been linked to Plasmodium spp., but not genera like Haemoproteus . Indeed, Haemoproteus is absent from many oceanic islands. By contrast, birds on continental islands share long coevolutionary histories with both Plasmodium and Haemoproteus , and are thus ideal model systems to elucidate eco-evolutionary endpoints associated with these parasites in oceanic

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Karell, Patrik, Staffan Bensch, Kari Ahola, and Muhammad Asghar. "Pale and dark morphs of tawny owls show different patterns of telomere dynamics in relation to disease status." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 284, no. 1859 (2017): 20171127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.1127.

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Parasites are expected to exert long-term costs on host fecundity and longevity. Understanding the consequences of heritable polymorphic variation in disease defence in wild populations is essential in order to predict evolutionary responses to changes in disease risk. Telomeres have been found to shorten faster in malaria-diseased individuals compared with healthy ones with negative effects on longevity and thereby fitness. Here, we study the impact of haemosporidian blood parasites on telomere dynamics in tawny owls, which display a highly heritable plumage colour polymorphism. Previously, i

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Peev, Strahil, Pavel Zehtindjiev, Mihaela Ilieva, Johan Träff, Martins Briedis, and Peter Adamík. "Haemosporidian blood parasite diversity and prevalence in the semi-collared flycatcher ( Ficedula semitorquata ) from the eastern Balkans." Parasitology International 65, no. 6 (2016): 613–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.parint.2016.09.007.

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BENSCH, STAFFAN, JANE JÖNSSON, and JOSÉ LUIS COPETE. "Low prevalence of Haemoproteus infections in Chiffchaffs." Parasitology 139, no. 3 (2011): 302–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182011002009.

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SUMMARYParasite prevalence is an important variable in many evolutionary and ecological studies. In birds, haemosporidian blood parasites have been in focus of many comparative analyses. Because low prevalence is difficult to estimate precisely and that studies finding low prevalence are more likely to remain unpublished, our knowledge of parasite prevalence is biased towards highly infected taxa. Species with naturally low levels of infection are nonetheless interesting as they may provide models for studying the evolution of pathogen resistance. In the present study we show that the prevalen

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KRIŽANAUSKIENĖ, ASTA, JAVIER PÉREZ-TRIS, VAIDAS PALINAUSKAS, OLOF HELLGREN, STAFFAN BENSCH, and GEDIMINAS VALKIŪNAS. "Molecular phylogenetic and morphological analysis of haemosporidian parasites (Haemosporida) in a naturally infected European songbird, the blackcap Sylvia atricapilla, with description of Haemoproteus pallidulus sp. nov." Parasitology 137, no. 2 (2009): 217–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182009991235.

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SUMMARYThe blackcap (Sylvia atricapilla) is a common Palearctic migratory warbler, and haemosporidian parasites are common in this species. However, genetic and phenotypic diversity of haemosporidians in warblers has been insufficiently investigated and poorly linked. We addressed this issue by combining molecular and microscopy data for detection of pigment-forming haemosporidians of the genera Haemoproteus and Plasmodium. Blood samples from 498 blackcaps were collected at 7 different sites in Europe and investigated for these parasites by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based techniques and

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Moitra, Prasun, Hong Zheng, Vivek Anantharaman, et al. "Expression, Purification, and Biological Characterization of Babesia microti Apical Membrane Antigen 1." Infection and Immunity 83, no. 10 (2015): 3890–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00168-15.

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The intraerythrocytic apicomplexanBabesia microti, the primary causative agent of human babesiosis, is a major public health concern in the United States and elsewhere. Apicomplexans utilize a multiprotein complex that includes a type I membrane protein called apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA1) to invade host cells. We have isolated the full-lengthB. microtiAMA1 (BmAMA1) gene and determined its nucleotide sequence, as well as the amino acid sequence of the AMA1 protein. This protein contains an N-terminal signal sequence, an extracellular region, a transmembrane region, and a short conserved cyt

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Tostes, Raquel, Usha Vashist, Kézia K. G. Scopel, Carlos L. Massard, Erik Daemon, and Marta D'Agosto. "Plasmodium spp. and Haemoproteus spp. infection in birds of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest detected by microscopy and polymerase chain reaction." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 35, no. 1 (2015): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-736x2015000100014.

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In recent years haemosporidian infection by protozoa of the genus Plasmodium and Haemoproteus, has been considered one of the most important factors related to the extinction and/or population decline of several species of birds worldwide. In Brazil, despite the large avian biodiversity, few studies have been designed to detect this infection, especially among wild birds in captivity. Thus, the objective of this study was to analyze the prevalence of Plasmodium spp. and Haemoproteus spp. infection in wild birds in captivity in the Atlantic Forest of southeastern Brazil using microscopy and the

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MARTINSEN, E. S., I. PAPERNA, and J. J. SCHALL. "Morphological versus molecular identification of avian Haemosporidia: an exploration of three species concepts." Parasitology 133, no. 3 (2006): 279–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182006000424.

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More than 200 species of avian Haemosporidia (genera Plasmodium, Haemoproteus, and Leucocytozoon) have been described based primarily on morphological characters seen in blood smears. Recent molecular studies, however, suggest that such methods may mask a substantial cryptic diversity of avian haemosporidians. We surveyed the haemosporidians of birds sampled at 1 site in Israel. Parasites were identified to species based on morphology, and a segment of the parasite's cytochrome b gene was sequenced. We compared 3 species concepts: morphological, genetic, and phylogenetic. Fifteen morphological

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Ishtiaq, Farah, Megha Rao, and Vaidas Palinauskas. "Molecular characterization and morphological description of cryptic haemoproteids in the laughingthrushes (Leiothrichidae) in the western and eastern Himalaya, India." Wellcome Open Research 3 (August 1, 2018): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.14675.1.

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Background: Laughingthrushes (family: Leiothrichidae) consists of diverse and widespread species found in the Indian subcontinent but there is a lack of information on their avian haemosporidians. Methods: We sampled 231 laughingthrushes of 8 species in the western and eastern Himalaya in India. Using parasite morphology and cytochrome b sequences we describe 2 new Haemoproteus species harbored in 3 species of laughingthrushes and report a case of cryptic speciation. Results: First Haemoproteus lineage TROERY01 (GenBank: KY623720) found in Trochalopteron erythrocephalum (27.47%) and Trochalopt

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MARTÍN, JOSÉ, MARIO GARRIDO, JESÚS ORTEGA, ROBERTO GARCÍA-ROA, ALEJANDRO IBÁÑEZ, and ALFONSO MARZAL. "Absence of haemoparasite infection in the fossorial amphisbaenian Trogonophis wiegmanni." Parasitology 143, no. 11 (2016): 1433–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182016000950.

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SUMMARYBlood parasites such as haemogregarines and haemosporidians have been identified in almost all groups of vertebrates. However, very little is known about biodiversity of these parasites and their effects on some major groups of reptiles such as amphisbaenians, a distinctive group with many morphological and ecological adaptations to fossorial life. Conditions of the fossorial environment might also affect host–parasite relationships. We investigated the presence and the potential prevalence of three genera of haemoparasitic aplicomplexan blood parasites (Hepatozoon, Plasmodium and Haemo

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Golnar, Andrew J., Matthew C. I. Medeiros, Katlyn Rosenbaum, Justin Bejcek, Sarah A. Hamer, and Gabriel L. Hamer. "Vector-Borne Blood Parasites of the Great-Tailed Grackle (Quiscalus mexicanus) in East-Central Texas, USA." Microorganisms 9, no. 3 (2021): 504. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9030504.

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Great-tailed grackles (Quiscalus mexicanus) have dramatically expanded into North America over the past century. However, little is known about the blood that parasites they support. Here, for the first time, we document an assemblage of trypanosome, haemosporida, and filarial nematodes co-circulating in invasive great-tailed grackles. Between February and July, 2015, 61 individuals were captured in an urban environment of College Station, Texas. Field microscopy and molecular diagnostics indicate that 52% (24/46) were visually infected with filarioid nematodes, 24% (11/46) with avian trypanos

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MARZAL, ALFONSO, ALEJANDRO IBÁÑEZ, MANUEL GONZÁLEZ-BLÁZQUEZ, PILAR LÓPEZ, and JOSÉ MARTÍN. "Prevalence and genetic diversity of blood parasite mixed infections in Spanish terrapins, Mauremys leprosa." Parasitology 144, no. 11 (2017): 1449–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182017000889.

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SUMMARYBlood parasites such as haemogregarines and haemosporidians have been identified in almost all groups of vertebrates and may cause serious damages to their hosts. However, very little is known about biodiversity of these parasites and their effects on some groups of reptiles such as terrapins. Moreover, the information on virulence from blood parasites mixed infection is largely unknown in reptiles. With this aim, we investigated for the first time the prevalence and genetic diversity of blood parasites from one genus of haemoparasitic aplicomplexan (Hepatozoon) in two populations of Sp

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VANSTREELS, RALPH ERIC THIJL, ÉRIKA MARTINS BRAGA, and JOSÉ LUIZ CATÃO-DIAS. "Blood parasites of penguins: a critical review." Parasitology 143, no. 8 (2016): 931–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182016000251.

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SUMMARYBlood parasites are considered some of the most significant pathogens for the conservation of penguins, due to the considerable morbidity and mortality they have been shown to produce in captive and wild populations of these birds. Parasites known to occur in the blood of penguins include haemosporidian protozoans (Plasmodium, Leucocytozoon, Haemoproteus), piroplamid protozoans (Babesia), kinetoplastid protozoans (Trypanosoma), spirochete bacteria (Borrelia) and nematode microfilariae. This review provides a critical and comprehensive assessment of the current knowledge on these parasit

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Adams, Dayvion R., Andrew J. Golnar, Sarah A. Hamer, Michel A. Slotman, and Gabriel L. Hamer. "Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) survivorship following the ingestion of bird blood infected with Haemoproteus sp. parasites." Parasitology Research 120, no. 7 (2021): 2343–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-021-07196-7.

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AbstractArthropod vectors are frequently exposed to a diverse assemblage of parasites, but the consequence of these infections on their biology and behavior are poorly understood. We experimentally evaluated whether the ingestion of a common protozoan parasite of avian hosts (Haemoproteus spp.; Haemosporida: Haemoproteidae) impacted the survivorship of Culex quinquefasciatus (Say) (Diptera: Culicidae). Blood was collected from wild northern cardinals (Cardinalis cardinalis) in College Station, Texas, and screened for the presence of Haemoproteus spp. parasites using microscopic and molecular m

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Minozzo, Guilherme Augusto, Bruno da Silva da Silva Mathias, Irina Nastassja Riediger, et al. "First Molecular Detection of Polychromophilus Parasites in Brazilian Bat Species." Microorganisms 9, no. 6 (2021): 1240. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9061240.

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Blood parasites of the Haemosporida order, such as the Plasmodium spp. responsible for malaria, have become the focus of many studies in evolutionary biology. However, there is a lack of molecular investigation of haemosporidian parasites of wildlife, such as the genus Polychromophilus. Species of this neglected genus exclusively have been described in bats, mainly in Europe, Asia, and Africa, but little is known about its presence and genetic diversity on the American continent. Here, we investigated 406 bats from sites inserted in remnant fragments of the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado biomes a

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Guimarães, Lilian de Oliveira, Roseli França Simões, Carolina Romeiro Fernandes Chagas, et al. "Assessing Diversity, Plasmodium Infection and Blood Meal Sources in Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) from a Brazilian Zoological Park with Avian Malaria Transmission." Insects 12, no. 3 (2021): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12030215.

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Avian malaria parasites are widespread parasites transmitted by Culicidae insects belonging to different genera. Even though several studies have been conducted recently, there is still a lack of information about potential vectors of Plasmodium parasites, especially in Neotropical regions. Former studies with free-living and captive animals in São Paulo Zoo showed the presence of several Plasmodium and Haemoproteus species. In 2015, a pilot study was conducted at the zoo to collect mosquitoes in order to find out (i) which species of Culicidae are present in the study area, (ii) what are thei

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Krone, O., J. Waldenström, G. Valkiūnas, et al. "Haemosporidian Blood Parasites in European Birds of Prey and Owls." Journal of Parasitology 94, no. 3 (2008): 709–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1645/ge-1357.1.

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Krone, O., J. Waldenström, G. Valkiūnas, et al. "Haemosporidian Blood Parasites in European Birds of Prey and Owls." Journal of Parasitology 94, no. 3 (2008): 709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1645/ge-1357r1.1.

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Borner, Janus, Christian Pick, Jenny Thiede, et al. "Phylogeny of haemosporidian blood parasites revealed by a multi-gene approach." Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 94 (January 2016): 221–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2015.09.003.

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Egan, Siobhon L., Manuel Ruiz-Aravena, Jill M. Austen, et al. "Blood Parasites in Endangered Wildlife-Trypanosomes Discovered during a Survey of Haemoprotozoa from the Tasmanian Devil." Pathogens 9, no. 11 (2020): 873. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9110873.

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The impact of emerging infectious diseases is increasingly recognised as a major threat to wildlife. Wild populations of the endangered Tasmanian devil, Sarcophilus harrisii, are experiencing devastating losses from a novel transmissible cancer, devil facial tumour disease (DFTD); however, despite the rapid decline of this species, there is currently no information on the presence of haemoprotozoan parasites. In the present study, 95 Tasmanian devil blood samples were collected from four populations in Tasmania, Australia, which underwent molecular screening to detect four major groups of haem

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