Journal articles: 'Haida'

1

Hinton, Leanne. "Northern Haida Songs:Northern Haida Songs." American Anthropologist 99, no. 3 (September 1997): 659–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/aa.1997.99.3.659.

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2

McGuire, Michaela. "Tll yahda." International Journal of Critical Indigenous Studies 12, no. 2 (September 24, 2019): 18–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/ijcis.v12i1.1231.

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Before contact, Indigenous peoples had their own notions of justice and ways of responding to wrongdoing. However, these systems have been repressed by colonial forces and imposed governance. The present research utilised semistructured interviews with a diverse group of Haida people who shared their insights into visions of a Haida justice system (HJS). The guiding research questions included: What does justice mean to Haida people? What do Haida people envision in terms of Haida justice? What could some potential first steps betowards Haida Justice? Four main themes emerged: Culture is keeping us from collapsing under the weight of colonial oppression; Haida law, values and ways of being; old ways of doing justice; and, visions of tll yahda—Haida Justice. This study provides an examination of Haida culture, law and justice. Results demonstrate the importance of accountability, witnesses, potlatch, culture and resolution.

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Bittman, S., S. N. Acharya, and D. E. Hunt. "Haida-VR orchardgrass." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 86, no. 1 (January 1, 2006): 177–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p05-087.

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Haida-VR is a latematuring orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) cultivar with high levels of resistance to Cocksfoot Mottle Virus (CfMV) suited to silage and hay production in regions with moderate, temperate climate. The cultivar was developed at the Pacific Agri-Food Research Centre (PARC), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC), Agassiz, British Columbia (BC) in collaboration with AAFC Research Centre, Lethbridge, Alberta. In BC trials, Haida-VR yielded 3% more than the check cultivar Potomac without inoculation with CfMV and 21% better than the check when inoculated with the virus. In a southern Alberta trial, Haida-VR survived for 3 yr and yielded 3% better than a winterhardy check cultivar, Kay. Key words: Orchardgrass, Cocksfoot Mottle Virus resistance, Dactylis glomerata

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4

Sercombe, Laurel, John Enrico, and Wendy Bross Stuart. "Northern Haida Songs." Ethnomusicology 42, no. 2 (1998): 356. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3113902.

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5

Thomson, Richard E., and William J. Emery. "The Haida Current." Journal of Geophysical Research 91, no. C1 (1986): 845. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/jc091ic01p00845.

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6

Davis, Philip W. "Haida Syntax (review)." Language 82, no. 1 (2006): 196–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lan.2006.0023.

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7

Hedman, Bruce. "Archetypal images in Haida art." International Journal of Jungian Studies 10, no. 1 (January 2, 2018): 16–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19409052.2017.1390482.

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ABSTRACTThe Haida, a First People of British Columbia, evolved over 3000 years an art form which is rich in archetypal images. Most Northwest Coast anthropologists study only the form of Haida art, but Wilson Duff and George MacDonald have pursued its meaning using terms that echo analytical psychology. In this paper, I argue that the structure of shamanic cosmology and Haida moieties parallel the distinction in the human psyche which Marie-Louise von Franz called the Unconscious Above and the Unconscious Below. The ‘marriage of opposites’, the reconciliation of Logos and Eros, Duff saw symbolized in Haida art by the Copper, which I call the ‘Haida Anthropos’. Using this parallel with the chthonic and the celestial, I then amplify the myth of ‘Eagle Chain and Giant Clam’ as it was portrayed in two argillite totem poles, which I argue show the peripeteia and lysis of the myth.

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8

Mauze, M. "Northern Haida Master Carvers." Ethnohistory 52, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 209–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00141801-52-1-209.

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9

Yelland, Douglas, and William R. Crawford. "Currents in Haida Eddies." Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 52, no. 7-8 (April 2005): 875–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2005.02.010.

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10

von der Porten, Suzanne. "Lyell Island (Athlii Gwaii) Case Study: Social Innovation by the Haida Nation." American Indian Culture and Research Journal 38, no. 3 (January 1, 2014): 85–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.17953/aicr.38.3.e15186340020j837.

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The logging blockade on Lyell Island in British Columbia, Canada in 1985, together with the events surrounding it, was an important indigenous-led social innovation by the Haida Nation. The social innovation itself was three-fold: (1) it changed the way indigenous nations in Canada reasserted themselves as self-determining; (2) for the Haida Nation to assert their Aboriginal rights and title to the land and resources of Haida Gwaii was an important step, the first of many; and (3) it changed the way environmental campaigns were conducted, both in Canada and internationally. In the 1980s relations between indigenous nations and the British Columbian and Canadian governments were embedded in an enduring, patriarchal-colonial sociopolitical and legal context. The Haida Nation's assertion of land rights and title was an initiative that changed the basic routines, authority flows and beliefs of the social system in British Columbia and Canada. The message that the Haida Nation's traditional territory was not to be exploited in a way that was incongruent with their visions of stewardship of their land had broad and lasting impact that clearly changed a larger institutional and sociopolitical context. The Haida not only created a precedent, but also a catalyst for action with regards to co-management, environmental advocacy, indigenous governance and Aboriginal rights.

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11

Promislow, Janna. "“Irreconcilable? The Duty to Consult and Administrative Decision Makers”." Constitutional Forum / Forum constitutionnel 22, no. 1 (April 26, 2013): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21991/c94t1v.

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Haida Nation v British Columbia (Minister of Forests) ushered in a new era in Aboriginal law. In contrast to the emphasis on history in section 35’s first 20 years, the Haida Nation era offered a determinedly forward-looking approach to the reconciliation purposes ascribed to Aboriginal rights by the Supreme Court. Under the Haida Nation paradigm, and the duty to consult and accomodate it imposed on the Crown in relation to pre-proof aboriginal rights claims, reconciliation is a process that “begins with the assertion of sovereignty and continues beyond formal claims resolution. Reconciliation is not a final legal remedy in the usual sense.” Nine years after Haida Nation, the legal parameters and the institutional structures involved in implementing the duty to consult and this new direction remain incomplete and formative.

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12

Haggart, James W. "On the age of the Queen Charlotte Group of British Columbia." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 24, no. 12 (December 1, 1987): 2470–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e87-231.

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The Cretaceous Queen Charlotte Group has traditionally been divided into three lithostratigraphic units in the type region: the Haida, Honna, and Skidegate formations. The sandstone member of the Haida Formation is commonly rich in fossil molluscs, and its Albian age is well documented. Megafossils are less abundant in the shale member of the Haida Formation and in the Honna and Skidegate formations; consequently, the ages of these units have not been well defined. In the last century, however, the early Turonian bivalve Mytiloides labiatus (s.l.) was identified from both the shale member of the Haida and the Skidegate Formation; unfortunately, the stratigraphic significance of these occurrences was not fully appreciated at that time. More recent collections of fossil molluscs from the Queen Charlotte Group have verified that both the Skidegate Formation and the upper part of the Haida shale member include strata of Turonian age, thus indicating the two units are, at least in part, lateral equivalents. Based on the presence of the megafossils Peroniceras (s.s.) sp. and Plesiotexanites sp., it is concluded that the greater part of the Honna Formation is of Coniacian age and caps the stratigraphic sequence.

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13

St. George, Robert. "Ethnographic Things." Ethnologies 34, no. 1-2 (August 6, 2014): 3–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1026143ar.

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The social history and aesthetic value of art made by Haida people are subjects often in conflict or marked by a lack of clarity. This essay attempts to explore the things made on Haida Gwaii for different purposes: for entirely local use and in relation to one or two mythic cycles. Then, beginning in the mid-nineteenth century, the collectors, dealers, and museum of the western world arrived; they took thousands of objects away, and by 1880 many Haida artists could assert continuity by making model houses, totem poles, and boats for growing souvenir markets.

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14

Burg, T. M., S. A. Taylor, K. D. Lemmen, A. J. Gaston, and V. L. Friesen. "Postglacial population genetic differentiation potentially facilitated by a flexible migratory strategy in Golden-crowned Kinglets (Regulussatrapa)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 92, no. 2 (February 2014): 163–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2013-0217.

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Relatively recently, temperate regions in North America were covered by extensive ice sheets, making them inhospitable to contemporary flora and fauna. Since the retreat of the ice sheets, these regions have been recolonized by a diversity of taxa, some of which have undergone rapid postglacial divergence. Evidence supports the hypothesis that some taxa persisted in unglaciated refugia during the Last Glacial Maximum, such as on Haida Gwaii (formerly the Queen Charlotte Islands). Many taxa on Haida Gwaii are genetically distinct from mainland populations at neutral molecular markers possibly as the result of isolation in refugia or postglacial colonization. The Golden-crowned Kinglet (Regulus satrapa Lichtenstein, 1823) is a continentally distributed, short-distance migratory passerine inhabiting mature conifer forests including those on Haida Gwaii. We used five microsatellite markers and a 568 base-pair fragment of the mitochondrial control region to determine the likelihood that Haida Gwaii region acted as a refugium for this species during the last ice age. We report significant gene flow between Haida Gwaii and the western North American mainland from mitochondrial markers, but significant population genetic differentiation at nuclear markers. We also report genetic divergence between eastern and western Golden-crowned Kinglets, as well as higher genetic diversity and population substructuring within the western population than within the eastern population. The east–west differentiation probably arose due to isolation in separate Pleistocene refugia south of the ice sheets. However, population differences within the west are likely caused by more recent processes; contemporary differentiation of Haida Gwaii Golden-crowned Kinglets most likely occurred postglacially.

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15

Edwards, Elizabeth A. "An Animacy Hierarchy in Haida." International Journal of American Linguistics 51, no. 4 (October 1985): 398–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/465908.

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16

Schoettle-Greene, Philip, Alison R. Duvall, Ann Blythe, Eric Morley, William Matthews, and Sean R. LaHusen. "Uplift and exhumation in Haida Gwaii driven by terrane translation and transpression along the southern Queen Charlotte fault, Canada." Geology 48, no. 9 (May 19, 2020): 908–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/g47364.1.

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Abstract The mountainous archipelago of Haida Gwaii abuts the transpressive Pacific–North American plate margin north of the Cascadia subduction zone (northwestern North America). Topography on Haida Gwaii has been attributed to either dynamic uplift supported by subduction initiation or crustal shortening driven by shear adjacent the plate-bounding Queen Charlotte fault. In order to resolve how intraplate strain is accommodated, we obtained thermochronometry data from 20 bedrock samples on Haida Gwaii, including zircon (U-Th)/He, apatite (U-Th-Sm)/He, and apatite fission-track dates. With dates ranging from 5 to 60 Ma, we interpret exhumation rates increasing in proximity to the Queen Charlotte fault and leading to a maximum of 6 km of exhumation since 20 Ma. The onset of exhumation significantly predates the purported initiation of subduction, precluding a direct relationship between subduction initiation and the development of topography in the archipelago. Instead, exhumation onset correlates with passage of the Yakutat terrane, suggesting that North America was deformed and Haida Gwaii uplifted during terrane translation. Steady or slightly decreasing exhumation rate since the Miocene is at odds with estimated increases to intraplate convergence over this time, ruling out crustal shortening in Haida Gwaii as the only response to transpression between North America and the Pacific. From this, we conclude that plate convergence is accommodated through basin inversion and internal shortening in the North American and Pacific plates as well as potential underthrusting of the Pacific plate beneath North America.

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17

Jungic, Veselin. "Mathematics and Magic Realism: A Study of "The Raven Legend"." Journal of Humanistic Mathematics 11, no. 2 (July 2021): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5642/jhummath.202102.03.

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This article demonstrates that “The Raven Legend”, a Haida myth transcribed by Franz Boas in 1888, is full of (ethno)mathematical concepts that Haida society used to make sense of the natural, real world. Calculus can be used to model several segments of the story since the narrative relied heavily on ideas that a mathematician would identify as the concepts of infinity and mathematical limits.

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18

Raum-Suryan, Kimberly, Kenneth Pitcher, and Richard Lamy. "Sea Otter, Enhydra lutris, Sightings off Haida Gwaii / Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, 1972-2002." Canadian Field-Naturalist 118, no. 2 (April 1, 2004): 270. http://dx.doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v118i2.928.

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On 27 June 2001 we observed and photographed a Sea Otter (Enhydra lutris) adjacent to a Steller Sea Lion (Eumetopias jubatus) haulout near Sgang Gwaay (Anthony Island), Haida Gwaii / Queen Charlotte Islands. This is one of only eight documented sightings of Sea Otters in these waters during the past 30 years. These sightings may represent the beginning of the expansion of Sea Otters to their former range off Haida Gwaii.

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19

Callendar, W., J. M. Klymak, and M. G. G. Foreman. "Tidal generation of large sub-mesoscale eddy dipoles." Ocean Science 7, no. 4 (August 3, 2011): 487–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-7-487-2011.

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Abstract. Numerical simulations of tidal flow past Cape St. James on the south tip of Haida Gwaii (Queen Charlotte Islands) are presented that indicate mesoscale dipoles are formed from coalescing tidal eddies. Observations in this region demonstrate robust eddy generation at the Cape, with the primary process being flow separation of buoyant or wind driven outflows forming large anti-cyclonic, negative potential vorticity, Haida Eddies. However, there are other times where dipoles are observed in satellites, indicating a source of positive potential vorticity must also be present. The simulations here build on previous work that implicates oscillating tidal flow past the cape in creating the positive vorticity. Small headland eddies of alternating vorticity are created each tide. During certain tidal cycles, the headland eddies coalesce and self organize in such a way as to create large >20-km diameter eddies that then self-advect into deep water. The self advection speed is faster than the beta drift of anti-cyclones, and the propagation direction appears to be more southerly than typical Haida Eddies, though the model contains no mean wind-driven flows. These eddies are smaller than Haida Eddies, but given their tidal origin, may represent a more consistent source of coastal water that is injected into the interior of the subpolar gyre.

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20

Callendar, W., J. M. Klymak, and M. G. G. Foreman. "Tidal generation of large sub-mesoscale eddy dipoles." Ocean Science Discussions 8, no. 2 (April 7, 2011): 723–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/osd-8-723-2011.

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Abstract. Numerical simulations of tidal flow past Cape St. James on the south tip of Haida Gwai (Queen Charlotte Islands) are presented that indicate mesoscale dipoles are formed from coalescing tidal eddies. Observations in this region demonstrate robust eddy generation at the Cape, with the primary process being flow separation of buoyant or wind driven outflows forming large anti-cyclonic, negative potential vorticity, Haida Eddies. However, there are other times where dipoles are observed in satellites, indicating a source of positive potential vorticity must also be present. The simulations here build on previous work that implicates oscillating tidal flow past the cape in creating the positive vorticity. Small headland eddies of alternating vorticity are created each tide. During certain tidal cycles, the headland eddies coalesce and self organize in such a way as to create large >20-km diameter eddies that then self-advect into deep water. The self advection speed is faster than the beta drift of anti-cyclones, and the propagation direction appears to be more southerly than typical Haida Eddies, though the model contains no mean wind-driven flows. These eddies are smaller than Haida Eddies, but given their tidal origin, may represent a more consistent source of coastal water that is injected into to the interior of the subpolar gyre.

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21

Yip, Moira, and John Enrico. "The Lexical Phonology of Masset Haida." Language 69, no. 1 (March 1993): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/416445.

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22

Hussain, A. "Editor's Note: Robert Davidson, Haida Artist." Journal of the American Academy of Religion 80, no. 4 (October 11, 2012): 848–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaarel/lfs085.

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23

Di Lorenzo, E., M. G. G. Foreman, and W. R. Crawford. "Modelling the generation of Haida Eddies." Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 52, no. 7-8 (April 2005): 853–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2005.02.007.

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24

Enrico, John. "The Fire as Conduit to the Other World: A Note on Haida Deixis and Haida Belief." International Journal of American Linguistics 51, no. 4 (October 1985): 400–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/465909.

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25

Lacourse, Terri, Rolf W. Mathewes, and Richard J. Hebda. "Paleoecological analyses of lake sediments reveal prehistoric human impact on forests at anthony island UNESCO World Heritage Site, Queen Charlotte Islands (Haida Gwaii), Canada." Quaternary Research 68, no. 2 (September 2007): 177–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2007.04.005.

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AbstractPollen and plant macrofossil analyses of lake sediments from Anthony Island in the southern Queen Charlotte Islands (Haida Gwaii), British Columbia, reveal 1800 yr of relatively stable temperate rainforest vegetation. Cupressaceae (cedar) pollen percentages and accumulation rates decline about 1000 cal yr BP, coincident with occupation of the island by Haida peoples, who use Thuja plicata (western red cedar) almost exclusively for house construction, dugout canoes, monumental poles, and many other items. Anthropogenic disturbance offers the most likely explanation for the decline of T. plicata.

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26

Futakami, Masao, and James W. Haggart. "Early Albian (Early Cretaceous) douvilleiceratid ammonites from Haida Gwaii, British Columbia, Canada." Journal of Paleontology 90, no. 1 (January 2016): 43–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2015.51.

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AbstractThe early Albian to mid-Albian cosmopolitan genusDouvilleicerasis represented in the Haida Gwaii archipelago of western British Columbia by five species,D.mammillatum(Schlotheim),D.offarcinatum(White),D.scabrosumCasey,D.spiniferum(Whiteaves), andD. aff.spiniferum(Whiteaves). Specimens of one of these taxa,D.spiniferum, are particularly abundant on Haida Gwaii and the species is discussed with respect to its morphological variability and ontogenetic development. The important morphological features for taxonomic criteria of the genusDouvilleicerasare the mode of tuberculation, the pattern of ribbing, and the proportions of the shell in the middle growth stage.

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27

Sloan, N. A., and P. M. Bartier. "Introduced Marine Species in the Haida Gwaii (Queen Charlotte Islands) Region, British Columbia." Canadian Field-Naturalist 118, no. 1 (January 1, 2004): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v118i1.886.

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This historical review of a marine area’s introduced species was facilitated by geo-referenced marine species inventories of the Haida Gwaii (Queen Charlotte Islands) region. One plant, 14 invertebrate, and two fish introduced species have been recorded since the early 20th century from the marine waters around Haida Gwaii. Records of species occurrences are listed and mapped, and modes of introduction are discussed. It will be important to continue documenting areas’ introduced species locations to track the progress of invasions that could affect local marine ecosystem well-being. Erratum for figure included.

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28

Ancheta, Melonie. "Revealing Blue on the Northern Northwest Coast." American Indian Culture and Research Journal 43, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17953/aicrj.43.1.ancheta.

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The distinctive black, red and blue or green designs created by the Haida and Tlingit of the Northwest Coast of North America are iconographic of these cultures and recognized around the world. While almost every other aspect of Haida and Tlingit life has been studied and remarked for the past two hundred years, references to the significance of color, and the materials used to make color, have been rare—and, in the case of the traditional blue paint, consistently incorrect. Mistakenly attributed to copper oxides early in the ethnographic study of the Northwest Coast, subsequent scholars have persisted, without scientific verification, in claiming the traditional blue comes from copper oxides. As important and informative as the traditions of carving and weaving, if we are to provide a more comprehensive picture of the past, the use of color needs to be integrated with what we already know about the Haida and Tlingit cultures of the NW Coast, including the materials, tools, and methods of making and applying paint. The study of color use, and pigment and paint technology can provide new insights into the complex critical thinking and technical skills of individual artists, as well as the Haida and Tlingit cultures from which they came. The roles these artifacts played within their cultures can be revealed more comprehensively when we understand the significance of specific materials. Investigating the reasons for using specific colors such as blue, and the materials that make those colors, gives us new descriptive and interpretive information about daily life, sociopolitical standards, cultural practices, worldviews, and the cosmologies of the Haida and Tlingit. Identifying specific pigments can provide valuable information relating to provenance and authorship of artifacts and helps us identify sibling artifacts. We are better able to conserve the artifacts we hold according to the materials with which they are made if we have a full understanding of all those materials.

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Saunders, Gary W., and Daniel C. McDevit. "A DNA barcode survey of Haida Gwaii kelp (Laminariales, Phaeophyceae) reveals novel ecological and distributional observations and Saccharina druehlii sp. nov." Botany 92, no. 11 (November 2014): 821–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2014-0119.

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A DNA barcode survey using mitochondrial COI-5P and nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) markers of kelp from Haida Gwaii, British Columbia, has uncovered 18 genetic groups encompassing 17 morphospecies. The discrepancy derived from collections identified in the field as Saccharina sessilis (C.Agardh) Kuntze, which formed two distinct clusters in molecular (both mitochondrial COI-5P and nuclear ITS) analyses leading to the proposal of Saccharina druehlii sp. nov. The morphospecies listed in the literature for this region (∼25), but not found during our survey (8) were accounted for in previous molecular studies that have synonymized taxa, viz., from six to a single species of Alaria, or involve uncertain reports for two Laminaria spp. We did not collect Eisenia arborea Areschoug, which with its distinctive morphology would represent bona fide records for this region. This species was previously reported at only two locations in Haida Gwaii, suggesting that it is rare and restricted in distribution in this flora yielding a total of 19 species of Laminariales. In addition, novel distributional and ecological observations are discussed for the kelp in Haida Gwaii.

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30

Cafferky, Shawn. "Book Review: HMCS Haida: Battle Ensign Flying." International Journal of Maritime History 13, no. 2 (December 2001): 384–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/084387140101300283.

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31

Boronowski, Susan, Peter Wild, Andrew Rowe, and G. Cornelis van Kooten. "Integration of wave power in Haida Gwaii." Renewable Energy 35, no. 11 (November 2010): 2415–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2010.02.017.

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32

Enrico, John. "Word Order, Focus, and Topic in Haida." International Journal of American Linguistics 52, no. 2 (April 1986): 91–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/466008.

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33

Moyle, Peter B. "Fish imagery in art 59: Haida skate." Environmental Biology of Fishes 39, no. 3 (March 1994): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00005125.

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Moyle, Peter B. "Fish imagery in art 78: Haida dogfish." Environmental Biology of Fishes 42, no. 4 (April 1995): 344. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00001463.

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35

James, Thomas, Garry Rogers, John Cassidy, Herb Dragert, Roy Hyndman, Lucinda Leonard, Lisa Nykolaishen, Michael Riedel, Michael Schmidt, and Kelin Wang. "Field Studies Target 2012 Haida Gwaii Earthquake." Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 94, no. 22 (May 28, 2013): 197–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013eo220002.

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36

Brodo, Irwin M., and Norm A. Sloan. "Lichen Zonation on Coastal Rocks in Gwaii Haanas National Park Reserve, Haida Gwaii (Queen Charlotte Islands), British Columbia." Canadian Field-Naturalist 118, no. 3 (July 1, 2004): 405. http://dx.doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v118i3.11.

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The occurrence of 43 marine lichen species on intertidal rocky shores of southern Haida Gwaii (Queen Charlotte Islands), British Columbia is described and related particularly to elevation on the shore (duration of seawater immersion) and exposure to waves. In the area of Gwaii Haanas National Park Reserve and Haida Heritage Site on Moresby Island, rockdwelling marine lichens are distributed in zones much as they are elsewhere in the world, although some species found abundantly only in Haida Gwaii give the local shores a unique appearance. In common with other areas, there is a conspicuous black band of Verrucaria species (in this case, nine species plus other black lichens) at the upper edge of the intertidal zone. A conspicuous white band of Coccotrema maritimum above the black band is a unique feature of this flora. The unusually large percentage of endemic, near-endemic or disjunct lichen species and their phytogeography suggest that at least the headland rocks along the west coast were refugia during the last glacial maximum. Verrucaria striatula and V. sandstedei are reported for the first time from British Columbia. Erratum for figure included.

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37

Milward, David. "Restless Spirits in the Land: Finding a Place in Canadian Law for Aboriginal Civil Disobedience." International Journal on Minority and Group Rights 16, no. 1 (2009): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157181109x394353.

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AbstractThis article will argue that Aboriginal use of civil disobedience should be legalised within limited circumstances. Aboriginal peoples have constitutional rights under s. 35(1) of the Constitution Act, 1982. The Supreme Court of Canada decided in Haida that if a Canadian government possesses knowledge, real or constructive, that its actions may affect Aboriginal interests that are potentially protected under s. 35(1), that government then has duties towards the Aboriginal peoples concerned. These duties can include giving prior notice of the proposed action, or even interim accommodation of the Aboriginal interests pending final resolution. If the Canadian state undertakes an action that 1) threatens harm to or interference with an Aboriginal interest and 2) in a manner that reflects a failure to uphold its obligations under Haida and 3) the action is commenced before the interim hearing contemplated by Haida can be initiated, Aboriginal peoples should be allowed to have recourse to civil disobedience to block that action. The idea is that the action reflects a failure by the state to uphold the rule of law with respect to Aboriginal rights and therefore should disentitle the state from enforcing such action through criminal prosecution.

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Reimchen, T. E., and P. Nosil. "Replicated ecological landscapes and the evolution of morphological diversity among Gasterosteus populations from an archipelago on the west coast of Canada." Canadian Journal of Zoology 84, no. 5 (May 2006): 643–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z06-036.

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We investigated defence and trophic morphology of 40 freshwater stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus L., 1758) populations from the Banks–Estevan archipelago for comparison with the isolated stickleback populations from the nearby Haida Gwaii archipelago. Using 14 size-standardized metric traits and 11 meristic or categorical traits from 1706 individuals (14–54/site), we found that the first principal component (PC1) defined a defence apparatus characterized by high loadings for pelvic spine length, number of forks on the ascending process, number of lateral plates, and overlap between lateral and basal plates. The second component (PC2) defined a trophic apparatus characterized by high loadings for gape length, eye diameter, and body depth. Populations with loss of spines, loss of plates, increased gape, increased body depth, and low gill raker number were most prevalent in ponds and shallow lakes with low conductivity. Most traits were sexually dimorphic, with males exhibiting greater armature and increased benthic trophic adaptations. We observed substantially less morphological variability among Banks–Estevan stickleback populations than among the Haida Gwaii populations and one instance of common ancestry or convergence to the giant black stickleback of Haida Gwaii.

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39

Moore, Emily L. "The American Flag and the Alaska Native Brotherhood." Arts 8, no. 4 (December 2, 2019): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/arts8040158.

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The Alaska Native Brotherhood (ANB) (est. 1912) is one of the oldest Indigenous rights groups in the United States. Although critics have accused the ANB of endorsing assimilationist policies in its early years, recent scholarship has re-evaluated the strategies of the ANB to advance Tlingit and Haida governance at the same time that they pursued a strategic commitment to the settler state. Contributing to this re-appraisal of the early ANB, this article examines photographic documentation of the use of the American flag in ANB Halls from the period 1914–1945. I argue that the pairing of the American flag with Indigenous imagery in ANB Halls communicated the ANB’s commitment to U.S. citizenship and to Tlingit and Haida sovereignty.

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40

Demboski, John R., Karen D. Stone, and Joseph A. Cook. "Further Perspectives on the Haida Gwaii Glacial Refugium." Evolution 53, no. 6 (December 1999): 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2640462.

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41

Kari, James. "Haida Syntax, Vols. 1 and 2. John Enrico." Journal of Anthropological Research 60, no. 2 (July 2004): 281–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/jar.60.2.3630829.

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42

Coffee, Kevin. "The Restoration of the Haida Canoe Life Group." Curator: The Museum Journal 34, no. 1 (March 1991): 31–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2151-6952.1991.tb01453.x.

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43

Lambertus, Sandra, and Michael Asch. "Northern Haida Songs. John Enrico , Wendy Bross Stuart." International Journal of American Linguistics 64, no. 4 (October 1998): 409–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/466372.

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44

Breinig, Jeane. "Alaskan Haida Stories of Language Growth and Regeneration." American Indian Quarterly 30, no. 1 (2006): 110–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/aiq.2006.0002.

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45

Tollefson, Kenneth D., and Marianne Boelscher. "The Curtain within: Haida Social and Mythical Discourse." American Indian Quarterly 14, no. 4 (1990): 405. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1184971.

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46

Amoss, Pamela T., and Marianne Boelscher. "The Curtain within: Haida Social and Mythical Discourse." Ethnohistory 40, no. 4 (1993): 674. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/482607.

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47

Jankowski, KathiJo. "Keeping Science in Perspective: Lessons from Haida Gwaii." Limnology and Oceanography Bulletin 27, no. 4 (October 17, 2018): 122–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lob.10264.

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48

Costa, Raymond L. "Asymmetry of the mandibular condyle in Haida Indians." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 70, no. 1 (May 1986): 119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330700116.

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49

Demboski, John R., Karen D. Stone, and Joseph A. Cook. "FURTHER PERSPECTIVES ON THE HAIDA GWAII GLACIAL REFUGIUM." Evolution 53, no. 6 (December 1999): 2008–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1999.tb04584.x.

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50

Newman, Q. B. "COAST GUARD CUTTERS TAMPA. HAIDA, MODOC AND MOJAVE." Journal of the American Society for Naval Engineers 33, no. 4 (March 18, 2009): 691–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-3584.1921.tb04934.x.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Haida'

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