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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Hailstones

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Academic literature on the topic 'Hailstones'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 8 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Hailstones"

1

Dieling, Christian, Milton Smith, and Mario Beruvides. "Review of Impact Factors of the Velocity of Large Hailstones for Laboratory Hail Impact Testing Consideration." Geosciences 10, no. 12 (2020): 500. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences10120500.

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The terminal velocity of hailstones is an essential quantity in hail research. It is an important value for the kinetic energy of hailstones and has to be carefully considered when laboratory hail impact testing is being planned. Many standardized hail impact testing procedures require specific impact velocities. Several empirical models for various hailstone diameter ranges have been developed to calculate the velocity based on the diameter, indicating somewhat inconsistent results. The velocity is influenced by factors such as their density, drag coefficient, shape or air density, and strong

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2

Jiang, Zhiyuan, Matthew R. Kumjian, Robert S. Schrom, et al. "Comparisons of Electromagnetic Scattering Properties of Real Hailstones and Spheroids." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 58, no. 1 (2019): 93–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-17-0344.1.

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AbstractSevere (>2.5 cm) hail causes >$5 billion in damage annually in the United States. However, radar sizing of hail remains challenging. Typically, spheroids are used to represent hailstones in radar forward operators and to inform radar hail-sizing algorithms. However, natural hailstones can have irregular shapes and lobes; these details significantly influence the hailstone’s scattering properties. The high-resolution 3D structure of real hailstones was obtained using a laser scanner for hail collected during the 2016–17 Insurance Institute for Business and Home Safety (IBHS) Hail

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3

Cheng, Kai-Yuan, Pao K. Wang, and Chen-Kang Wang. "A Numerical Study on the Ventilation Coefficients of Falling Hailstones." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 71, no. 7 (2014): 2625–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-13-0229.1.

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Abstract The ventilation coefficients that represent the enhancement of mass transfer rate due to the falling motion of spherical hailstones in an atmosphere of 460 hPa and 248 K are computed by numerically solving the unsteady Navier–Stokes equation for airflow past hailstones and the convective diffusion equation for water vapor diffusion around the falling hailstones. The diameters of the hailstones investigated are from 1 to 10 cm, corresponding to Reynolds number from 5935 to 177 148. The calculated ventilation coefficients vary approximately linearly with the hailstone diameter, from abo

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4

Giammanco, Ian M., Benjamin R. Maiden, Heather E. Estes, and Tanya M. Brown-Giammanco. "Using 3D Laser Scanning Technology to Create Digital Models of Hailstones." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 98, no. 7 (2017): 1341–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-15-00314.1.

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Abstract The emergence of 3D scanning technologies has provided a new opportunity to explore the shape characteristics of hailstones in great detail. The ability to effectively map the shape of hailstones will improve assessments of hailstone aerodynamic properties, how their density relates to their strength, and how radar energy is scattered. Ultimately, 3D scanning of hailstones will contribute toward research in hail detection, forecasting, and damage mitigation of severe hail, which accounts for well over $1 billion in annual insured losses. The use of a handheld 3D laser scanner in a fie

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5

Uz, Mehmet E. "Examining Dent Formation Caused by Hailstone Impact." Shock and Vibration 2019 (May 16, 2019): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6175206.

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Hailstorms pose significant risk for exposed building cladding materials. Steel sheeting is the most important cladding material used. The understanding of steel sheets behavior under hail impact loading is not sufficient for the manufacturing of hail-resistant sheets. With the purpose-built equipment, artificial hailstones of different sizes were launched to impact at steel sheets of different thicknesses and yield stresses as targets. A theoretical approach for the problem of predicting the dent size due to hailstone impact was developed and compared to the test results. The expressions deve

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6

List, Roland. "New Hailstone Physics. Part I: Heat and Mass Transfer (HMT) and Growth." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 71, no. 4 (2014): 1508–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-12-0164.1.

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Abstract An all-encompassing new theory of heat and mass transfer (HMT) and growth equations have been developed for freely falling spherical hailstones with diameters of 0.5–8 cm. The initial six variables are diameter, liquid water content, air and hailstone surface temperatures, net collection efficiency, and ice fraction of spongy deposit. They are replaced by three or four new ones, depending on the three growth categories. Two new variables are products of “old” ones: (i) the square root of the Reynolds number Re and the liquid water content and (ii) net collection efficiency and ice fra

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7

Theis, Alexander, Stephan Borrmann, Subir Kumar Mitra, Andrew J. Heymsfield, and Miklós Szakáll. "A Wind Tunnel Investigation into the Aerodynamics of Lobed Hailstones." Atmosphere 11, no. 5 (2020): 494. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11050494.

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The complex surface geometries of hailstones affect their fall behavior, fall speeds, and growth. Systematic experimental investigations on the influence of the number and length of lobes on the fall velocity and the drag coefficient of hailstones were performed in the Mainz vertical wind tunnel to provide relationships for use in numerical models. For this purpose, 3D prints of four artificial lobed hailstone models as well as spheres were used. The derived drag coefficients show no dependency in the Reynolds number in the range between 25,000 and 85,000. Further, the drag coefficients were f

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8

Palencia, Covadonga, Amaya Castro, Dario Giaiotti, Fulvio Stel, and Roberto Fraile. "Dent Overlap in Hailpads: Error Estimation and Measurement Correction." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 50, no. 5 (2011): 1073–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010jamc2457.1.

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AbstractThe measurement of the physical characteristics of hailstones reaching the ground is usually carried out by means of hailpads, on which the impact of hailstones leaves dents. Hailstone dents provide information about parameters, such as the number N of hailstones, their size M, and their kinetic energy E. In the case of intense hailfalls, however, the dents often overlap and the final measurement may not be totally reliable. This paper presents a computerized simulation with the aim of assessing measurement errors caused by dent overlap. The simulated dents represent several random hai

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9

Changnon, Stanley A., and Jonathan Burroughs. "The Tristate Hailstorm: The Most Costly on Record." Monthly Weather Review 131, no. 8 (2003): 1734–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175//2549.1.

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Abstract The most damaging hailstorm ever recorded moved from eastern Kansas to southern Illinois during an 8-h period on 10 April 2001, depositing 2.5- to 7.5-cm-diameter hailstones along a 585-km path. A classic long-lived supercell storm was the cause of the record hailfalls. The record-large hailswath size, large and often windblown hailstones, and movement over portions of the St. Louis and Kansas City urban areas led to $1.5 billion in insured losses. This tristate hailstorm and other adjacent hailstorms collectively created $1.9 billion in insured losses in a 2-day period, becoming the

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10

Kumjian, Matthew R., Rachel Gutierrez, Joshua S. Soderholm, et al. "Gargantuan Hail in Argentina." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 101, no. 8 (2020): E1241—E1258. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-19-0012.1.

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Abstract On 8 February 2018, a supercell storm produced gargantuan (&gt;15 cm or &gt;6 in. in maximum dimension) hail as it moved over the heavily populated city of Villa Carlos Paz in Córdoba Province, Argentina. Observations of gargantuan hail are quite rare, but the large population density here yielded numerous witnesses and social media pictures and videos from this event that document multiple large hailstones. The storm was also sampled by the newly installed operational polarimetric C-band radar in Córdoba. During the RELAMPAGO campaign, the authors interviewed local residents

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Hailstones"

1

Anderson, Andrew E. (Andrew Edwin). "Hailstones and Birdcages for Wind Ensemble." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1990. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500256/.

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Hailstones and Birdcages is a composition of approximately thirteen minutes' duration and is scored for two flutes and piccolo, two oboes and english horn, three Eb clarinets, E clarinete, bass clarinet, two bassoons, two Eb alto saxophones, Bb tenor saxophone, three Bb trumpets, four F horns, three trombones, euphonium, two tubas, and three percussionists. Four instruments--one each of flute, oboe, Bb clarinet, and trombone--are used in concertante like fashion, and there are prominent solo passages for the first bassoon, as well. The work is a single movement in three sections, fast - slow -

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2

Pan, Hongyu. "Impact characteristics of simulated hailstones during ingestion by turbofan aero-engines." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1995. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/27188.

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Recent in-flight instances of aircraft engine power loss involving hail ingestion have forced the manufacturers to demonstrate successful engine operation whilst ingesting hail. The main objective of this research project has been to obtain an understanding of the basic characteristics of hailstone impacts. A hail gun was designed to fire simulated hailstones at speeds up to 175 m/s. Three measurement techniques were used to determine the impact characteristics of the hailstones, i.e: patternator, high speed cine-photography, and still photography with short duration flashes. Using these techn

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3

Hailstones, Milson Donald. "The effectiveness of the "Hiway" literacy programme for learner support in the foundation and intermediate phase / Milson Donald Hailstones." Thesis, North-West University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1584.

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4

Black, Robert D. (Robert Douglas) Carleton University Dissertation Computer Science. "On fractals, chaos and the Hailstone numbers." Ottawa, 1992.

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5

Brimelow, Julian Charles. "Numerical modelling of hailstone growth in Alberta storms." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0021/MQ47010.pdf.

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6

Smith, Stephan Bryan. "The mesoscale effect of topography on the genesis of Alberta hailstorms /." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66064.

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7

Willemse, Saskia. "A statistical analysis and climatological interpretation of hailstorms in Switzerland /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1995. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=11137.

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8

Erfani, Aminollah. "The Winnipeg hailstorm of 16 July 1996, synoptic analysis and radar observations." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0021/MQ47024.pdf.

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9

Keegan, Mark Hugh. "Wind turbine blade leading edge erosion : an investigation of rain droplet and hailstone impact induced damage mechanisms." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2014. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=24077.

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Leading edge erosion of modern wind turbine blades is a growing and developing issue within the wind industry, effecting blade performance and efficiency. Little is known, researched or published on the phenomenon and there are currently no apparent full-proof material solutions for the issue. The research presented here looks to develop a fuller understanding of the issue of leading edge erosion, through first reviewing the literature (both within and outwith wind energy) on the topic to put the issues in context, and then subsequently further exploring and investigating the key damage mechan

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10

Stroup, David A. "Collatz’s Problem and Encoding Vectors." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1145048595.

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Books on the topic "Hailstones"

1

Prodi, F. Il chicco di grandine: Dalla nube al laboratorio. Calderini, 1985.

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2

ill, Wallner John C., ed. Hailstones and halibut bones: Adventures in color. Doubleday, 1989.

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3

Roger, Manley, and Van Parys Michelle, eds. Hoaxes, humbugs, and spectacles: Astonishing photographs of smelt wrestlers, human projectiles, giant hailstones, contortionists, elephant impersonators, and much, much more! Villard Books, 1990.

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4

Mezzanotte, Jim. Hailstorms. Weekly Reader, 2010.

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5

Kashiwagi, Dean T. Oversize hailstorms in the United States. Performance Based Studies Research Group, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Arizona State University, 1996.

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6

Cantos, Jorge Olcina. Tormentas y granizadas en las tierras alicantinas. Instituto Universitario de Geografía, Universidad de Alicante, 1994.

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7

Alusa, Alexander L. Towards the forecasting of hailstorms in the Kericho area of Kenya. Kenya Meteorological Dept., 1986.

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8

Alusa, Alexander L. A conceptual model of hailstorm development in Kericho, Kenya. Kenya Metorological Dept., 1986.

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9

Scheff, Duncan. Ice storms. Raintree, 2003.

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10

Alusa, Alexander L. Some synoptic patterns and windfields associated with hail occurrence in Kericho and Nandi Hills area of Kenya. Kenya Meteorological Dept., 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Hailstones"

1

List, Roland. "Growth and Structure of Graupel And Hailstones." In Geophysical Monograph Series. American Geophysical Union, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/gm005p0317.

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2

Knight, Charles A., and Nancy C. Knight. "Hailstorms." In Severe Convective Storms. American Meteorological Society, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-935704-06-5_6.

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3

Donaldson, Ralph J., Albert C. Chmela, and Charles Reeve Shackford. "Some Behavior Patterns of New England Hailstorms." In Geophysical Monograph Series. American Geophysical Union, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/gm005p0354.

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4

Webb, Jonathan D. C., and Derek M. Elsom. "Severe Hailstorms in the United Kingdom and Ireland." In Extreme Weather. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118949986.ch9.

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5

Winhall, Jan. "Hailstorms and Turtles: The Felt Sense Polyvagal Dialogue." In Treating Trauma and Addiction with the Felt Sense Polyvagal Model. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780367408183-13-13.

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6

Foris, D., and V. Foris. "Impact of Storm Seeding to Hailstone Features in Central Macedonia." In Perspectives on Atmospheric Sciences. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-35095-0_28.

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7

Beckwith, W. Boynton. "Analysis of Hailstorms in the Denver Network, 1949-1958." In Geophysical Monograph Series. American Geophysical Union, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/gm005p0348.

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8

Newton, Chester W. "Morphology of Thunderstorms and Hailstorms as Affected by Vertical Wind Shear." In Geophysical Monograph Series. American Geophysical Union, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/gm005p0339.

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9

Sharafi, P., Lip H. Teh, and Muhammad N. S. Hadi. "Theory Based Sensitivity Analysis and Damage Detection of Steel Roof Sheeting for Hailstone Impact." In Topics in Dynamics of Civil Structures, Volume 4. Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6555-3_27.

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10

Dewey, Douglas L., and Rosemarie Geier Grant. "Frequency of Hailstorms and the Resulting Damage in the Central United States." In Multihazard Issues in the Central United States. American Society of Civil Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784410158.ch09.

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Conference papers on the topic "Hailstones"

1

Notaros, Jelena, Elene Chobanyan, V. Chandrasekar, and Branislav M. Notaros. "Accurate and efficient full-wave electromagnetic analysis of scattering from hailstones." In 2013 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation & USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting. IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aps.2013.6711646.

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2

Pan, H., and P. Render. "The influence of target rotation on impact characteristics of simulated hailstones." In 31st Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1995-3038.

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3

Lu, Zhiying, Lei Wang, Hongmin Ma, Qimeng Zhang, and Huizhen Jia. "Hailstone Detection Based on Image Mining." In 2008 Fifth International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery (FSKD). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fskd.2008.375.

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4

Huisong, Wan, Lu Zhiying, Jiang Shuming, and Zhang Yuanyuan. "Research of the Comprehensive Forecast of Hailstone." In 2012 Third Global Congress on Intelligent Systems (GCIS). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/gcis.2012.67.

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5

Lu, Zhiying, Huan Zhang, Hongmin Ma, and Huizhen Jia. "Hailstone detection based on time series association rules." In 2010 Seventh International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery (FSKD). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fskd.2010.5569742.

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6

Deconinck, Paul. "Development of a Hailstone Substitute for Representative Impact Tests." In International Conference on Icing of Aircraft, Engines, and Structures. SAE International, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2019-01-1942.

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7

Shimek, Evan, Stephen Ekwaro-Osire, and Jahan Rasty. "Probabilistic Analysis of Steel Roof Damage From Hail Strike." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-64640.

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In this paper, two probabilistic analyses are performed to try to gain a better understanding of the damage inflicted on galvanized roofs from hail strikes. The first analysis addresses the probability that a hailstone will have the energy required to cause yielding in steel sheets. The second probability study lays the theoretical groundwork for determining the probability of a loss in structural integrity of the steel roof. Data and equations are combined from various sources to create a separate limit state function for each analysis. The probabilistic analyses are performed in NESSUS. For

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Wang, Ping, Xiaokai Dong, Zhaoqing Qiang, and Huizhen Jia. "The Auto-Obtaining of the Knowledge about Developing Hailstone Weather." In Fourth International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery (FSKD 2007). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fskd.2007.564.

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9

Zou, Dawei, Xiaoxia Li, Fabin Xu, Fan Xia, and Lijuan Shi. "Study on Characteristics of Surface Meteorological Elements under Hailstorms." In 2019 International Conference on Meteorology Observations (ICMO). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmo49322.2019.9025975.

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10

Lu, Zhiying, and Yufeng Yang. "A Study of Hailstone Detection System Based on Radar Echo Reflectivity Image." In Sixth International Conference on Intelligent Systems Design and Applications. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isda.2006.253874.

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Reports on the topic "Hailstones"

1

Cecile, M. P. Geology, Hailstone Creek, Northwest Territories-Yukon Territory. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/209001.

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2

Cecile, M. P. Keele Peak, Elmer Creek, Thor Hills, Hailstone Creek, Yukon Territory - Northwest Territories. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/130164.

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Major Hailstorms. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/301261.

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