Journal articles: 'Hainan in art'

1

Lý, Tråndình. "Eine neue Xylinabariopsis-Art aus Hainan (China)." Feddes Repertorium 86, no. 9-10 (April 18, 2008): 499–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fedr.19750860903.

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ZHANG, XIAOHUA. "The Construction of “Color Dialect” in Hainan Paper Quilling Tourist Souvenir Art." Convergence of Humanities, Social Science an Art’s Academy 2, no. 2 (August 17, 2018): 93–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.37846/soch.2.2.93.

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Yu, Tong, Wenjin Wu, Chen Gong, and Xinwu Li. "Residual Multi-Attention Classification Network for A Forest Dominated Tropical Landscape Using High-Resolution Remote Sensing Imagery." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, no. 1 (January 11, 2021): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10010022.

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Tropical forests are of vital importance for maintaining biodiversity, regulating climate and material cycles while facing deforestation, agricultural reclamation, and managing various pressures. Remote sensing (RS) can support effective monitoring and mapping approaches for tropical forests, and to facilitate this we propose a deep neural network with an encoder–decoder architecture here to classify tropical forests and their environment. To deal with the complexity of tropical landscapes, this method utilizes a multi-scale convolution neural network (CNN) to expand the receptive field and extract multi-scale features. The model refines the features with several attention modules and fuses them through an upsampling module. A two-stage training strategy is proposed to alleviate misclassifications caused by sample imbalances. A joint loss function based on cross-entropy loss and the generalized Dice loss is applied in the first stage, and the second stage used the focal loss to fine-tune the weights. As a case study, we use Hainan tropical reserves to test the performance of this model. Compared with four state-of-the-art (SOTA) semantic segmentation networks, our network achieves the best performance with two Hainan datasets (mean intersection over union (MIoU) percentages of 85.78% and 82.85%). We also apply the new model to classify a public true color dataset which has 17 semantic classes and obtain results with an 83.75% MIoU. This further demonstrates the applicability and potential of this model in complex classification tasks.

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Yu, Tong, Wenjin Wu, Chen Gong, and Xinwu Li. "Residual Multi-Attention Classification Network for A Forest Dominated Tropical Landscape Using High-Resolution Remote Sensing Imagery." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, no. 1 (January 11, 2021): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10010022.

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Tropical forests are of vital importance for maintaining biodiversity, regulating climate and material cycles while facing deforestation, agricultural reclamation, and managing various pressures. Remote sensing (RS) can support effective monitoring and mapping approaches for tropical forests, and to facilitate this we propose a deep neural network with an encoder–decoder architecture here to classify tropical forests and their environment. To deal with the complexity of tropical landscapes, this method utilizes a multi-scale convolution neural network (CNN) to expand the receptive field and extract multi-scale features. The model refines the features with several attention modules and fuses them through an upsampling module. A two-stage training strategy is proposed to alleviate misclassifications caused by sample imbalances. A joint loss function based on cross-entropy loss and the generalized Dice loss is applied in the first stage, and the second stage used the focal loss to fine-tune the weights. As a case study, we use Hainan tropical reserves to test the performance of this model. Compared with four state-of-the-art (SOTA) semantic segmentation networks, our network achieves the best performance with two Hainan datasets (mean intersection over union (MIoU) percentages of 85.78% and 82.85%). We also apply the new model to classify a public true color dataset which has 17 semantic classes and obtain results with an 83.75% MIoU. This further demonstrates the applicability and potential of this model in complex classification tasks.

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TIAN, DAIKE. "Begonia intermedia, an illegitimate name and taxonomic synonym of B. wuzhishanensis." Phytotaxa 172, no. 1 (June 11, 2014): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.172.1.10.

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It came to our attention that Begonia ×intermedia Veitch ex van Houtte (1873: 39) was published in Flore des Serres and therefore, B. intermedia D.K. Tian et al. (2014: 116) is a later homonym and not legitimate according to the International code of nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants (McNeill et al. 2012: Art. 53). Furthermore, the article by Tian et al. was published on 24 Apr 2014 in Phytotaxa while B. wuzhishanensis C.I. Peng et al. (2014: 3) was published on 5 Feb 2014 in Botanical Studies for the same species based on type material collected from different locations on Hainan Island of China. In total, extant wild populations of this species have been found in at least the three places belonging to one city (Wuzhishan) and two counties (Qiongzhong and Lingshui), respectively (Fig 1).

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Majid, A. "Fantastic Dreams: The Art of Chen Haiyan." positions: asia critique 23, no. 2 (January 1, 2015): 367–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/10679847-2861038.

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Hlaváč, Peter, Pavel Krásenský, and Oto Nakládal. "A new species of the genus Cerylambus from southern China (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae)." Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 57, no. 1 (2017): 141–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aemnp-2017-0062.

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Tsujino, Kayoko. "Radiotherapy for lung cancer: State of the art." Haigan 60, Supplement (November 12, 2020): 902–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.2482/haigan.60.902.

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Lenart, Cristian. "Haglund–Haiman–Loehr type formulas for Hall–Littlewood polynomials of typeBandC." Algebra & Number Theory 4, no. 7 (December 31, 2010): 887–917. http://dx.doi.org/10.2140/ant.2010.4.887.

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10

Nakamura, Kenichi. "Overview of Japanese Clinical Trials Act." Haigan 59, Supplement (November 25, 2019): 1079–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2482/haigan.59.1079.

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Wang, Ming, Shuai Yan, Yu Wang, Zhao-Rong Lun, and Ting-Bao Yang. "Occurrence of trypanosomiasis in net-cage cultured groupers (Cromileptes altivelisandEpinephelus fuscoguttatus) in Nanshan port of Sanya, Hainan province, China." Aquaculture Research 46, no. 5 (August 20, 2013): 1039–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/are.12261.

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Cao, Xueren, Xiangming Xu, Haiyan Che, Jonathan S. West, and Daquan Luo. "Three Colletotrichum Species, Including a New Species, are Associated to Leaf Anthracnose of Rubber Tree in Hainan, China." Plant Disease 103, no. 1 (January 2019): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-02-18-0374-re.

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Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and C. acutatum have been reported to be causal agents of anthracnose disease of rubber tree. Recent investigations have shown that both C. gloeosporioides and C. acutatum are species complexes. The identities of Colletotrichum species causing anthracnose disease of rubber tree in Hainan, China, are unknown. In this study, 106 isolates obtained from rubber tree with symptoms of anthracnose were collected from 12 counties of Hainan and identified at the species complex level based on the ITS sequences and colony morphologies. Seventy-four isolates were identified as C. gloeosporioides species complex and the other 32 isolates as C. acutatum species complex. Forty-two isolates were selected for further multilocus phylogenetic analyses in order to identify the isolates to the species level. Twenty-six isolates from the C. gloeosporioides species complex were characterized for partial sequences of seven gene regions (ACT, TUB2, CHS-1, GAPDH, ITS, ApMat, and GS), and the other 16 isolates from the C. acutatum species complex for five gene regions (ACT, TUB2, CHS-1, GAPDH, and ITS). Three species were identified: C. siamense and C. fructicola from the C. gloeosporioides species complex, and a new species C. wanningense from the C. acutatum species complex. Artificial inoculation of rubber tree leaves confirmed the pathogenicity of the three species. The present study improves the understanding of species causing anthracnose on rubber tree and provides useful information for the effective control of the disease.

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13

Yamanaka, Takeharu. "Points to Consider on Clinical Trials Act in Japan." Haigan 60, Supplement (November 12, 2020): 922–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2482/haigan.60.922.

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14

Zhang, Ruining, Hongxing Cao, Chengxu Sun, and Jerome Jeyakumar John Martin. "Characterization of Morphological and Fruit Quality Traits of Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) Germplasm." HortScience 56, no. 8 (August 2021): 961–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci15887-21.

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The evaluation and identification of germplasm resources is an indispensable step in the breeding processes and have important roles in the selection and improvement of new varieties. This research intended to characterize coconut germplasm to determine the quantitative, qualitative, and morphological traits of the stem, leaf, and inflorescence and the fruit characteristics. Sixteen morphological and qualitative traits of 17 coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) germplasm resources from Hainan, China, were investigated to determine the characteristics and advantages of multiple germplasm lines to create the foundation for the cultivation and breeding of coconuts. The results of the correlation analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and cluster analysis indicate a correlation between coconut germplasm factors and their contribution to coconut traits. The results revealed that stem girth at 0.2 m was the most obvious trait, along with the fruit flavor, edible rate, fat content, hole spacing, single fruit weight, and number of female flowers, which reflect most of the information regarding coconut traits and contribute to its value. The PCA and cluster analysis indicated that two high-yield and superior-quality sweet water dwarf coconut germplasms, named ‘15-19’ and ‘15-17’, were suitable for cultivation and production in Hainan, China. The results of this study act a far-reaching influence on the collection and utilization of coconut resources and have an impact on the development and progress of the coconut industry in China.

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15

Zhang, H., Y. Liu, J. Wu, T. Xu, and D. Sheng. "Observations and modeling of UHF-band scintillation occurrence probability over the low-latitude region of China during the maximum activity of solar cycle 24." Annales Geophysicae 33, no. 1 (January 16, 2015): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-33-93-2015.

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Abstract. The climatological characteristics of UHF-band scintillations over the low-latitude region of China were investigated by analyzing the observations recorded at three stations of our regional network of satellite-beacon-based scintillation monitoring in 2013. The three stations are Hainan (geographic 20.0° N, 110.3° E; geomagnetic 10.1° N, 177.4° W, dip 28.2°), Guangzhou (geographic 23.0° N, 113.0° E; geomagnetic 13.1° N, 174.8° W, dip 33.9°) and Kunming (geographic 25.6° N, 103.7° E; geomagnetic 15.7° N, 176.4° E, dip 39.0°), located at low latitudes of China. The variations of UHF-band scintillation occurrence with latitude, time and season are presented in detail to understand the morphology and climatology of ionospheric scintillations over the low-latitude region of China. An equinoctial asymmetry in the occurrences of scintillation and an obvious difference of the onset time of scintillations between Hainan and Kunming is noted in this data set. Subsequently, the ionosonde data are utilized to study the possible causes of the asymmetry between two equinoxes. The observations suggest that the mean critical frequency (foF2) at 20:00 LT (12:00 UT) in the autumnal equinoctial months (September and October) and the vernal equinoctial months (March and April) has a similar asymmetry. The ratio of the mean foF2 between two equinoxes is proportional to the ratio between the maximum scintillation occurrence in the autumnal equinox and in the vernal equinox. Therefore, this ratio can act as a proxy for the equinoctial asymmetry in the occurrences of scintillation over the low-latitude region of China, and can be used to model the equinoctial asymmetry in our empirical climatological model of scintillation occurrence probability (CMSOP). The CMSOP can provide the predictions of the occurrences of scintillation over the low-latitude region of China and was validated in this study.

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Jin, Yu, Jiawei Guo, Huichun Ye, Jinling Zhao, Wenjiang Huang, and Bei Cui. "Extraction of Arecanut Planting Distribution Based on the Feature Space Optimization of PlanetScope Imagery." Agriculture 11, no. 4 (April 19, 2021): 371. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11040371.

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The remote sensing extraction of large areas of arecanut (Areca catechu L.) planting plays an important role in investigating the distribution of arecanut planting area and the subsequent adjustment and optimization of regional planting structures. Satellite imagery has previously been used to investigate and monitor the agricultural and forestry vegetation in Hainan. However, the monitoring accuracy is affected by the cloudy and rainy climate of this region, as well as the high level of land fragmentation. In this paper, we used PlanetScope imagery at a 3 m spatial resolution over the Hainan arecanut planting area to investigate the high-precision extraction of the arecanut planting distribution based on feature space optimization. First, spectral and textural feature variables were selected to form the initial feature space, followed by the implementation of the random forest algorithm to optimize the feature space. Arecanut planting area extraction models based on the support vector machine (SVM), BP neural network (BPNN), and random forest (RF) classification algorithms were then constructed. The overall classification accuracies of the SVM, BPNN, and RF models optimized by the RF features were determined as 74.82%, 83.67%, and 88.30%, with Kappa coefficients of 0.680, 0.795, and 0.853, respectively. The RF model with optimized features exhibited the highest overall classification accuracy and kappa coefficient. The overall accuracy of the SVM, BPNN, and RF models following feature optimization was improved by 3.90%, 7.77%, and 7.45%, respectively, compared with the corresponding unoptimized classification model. The kappa coefficient also improved. The results demonstrate the ability of PlanetScope satellite imagery to extract the planting distribution of arecanut. Furthermore, the RF is proven to effectively optimize the initial feature space, composed of spectral and textural feature variables, further improving the extraction accuracy of the arecanut planting distribution. This work can act as a theoretical and technical reference for the agricultural and forestry industries.

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Sakuraba, Shoko, and Miyoji Aiba. "Does the Diaphragm Act as a Barrier Against Transdiaphragmatic Spread of Carcinomas? Comparison of the Incidence of Carcinomatous Pleuritis and Peritonitis in Various Carcinomas." Haigan 34, no. 6 (1994): 903–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2482/haigan.34.903.

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Su, Yvonne, and Maria Tanyag. "Globalising myths of survival: post-disaster households after Typhoon Haiyan." Gender, Place & Culture 27, no. 11 (July 15, 2019): 1513–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0966369x.2019.1635997.

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Tanyag, Maria. "Resilience, Female Altruism, and Bodily Autonomy: Disaster-Induced Displacement in Post-Haiyan Philippines." Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 43, no. 3 (March 2018): 563–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/695318.

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Zhen, Jianing, Jingjuan Liao, and Guozhuang Shen. "Mapping Mangrove Forests of Dongzhaigang Nature Reserve in China Using Landsat 8 and Radarsat-2 Polarimetric SAR Data." Sensors 18, no. 11 (November 17, 2018): 4012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18114012.

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Mangrove forests are distributed in intertidal regions that act as a “natural barrier” to the coast. They have enormous ecological, economic, and social value. However, the world’s mangrove forests are declining under immense pressure from anthropogenic and natural disturbances. Accurate information regarding mangrove forests is essential for their protection and restoration. The main objective of this study was to develop a method to improve the classification of mangrove forests using C-band quad-pol Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data (Radarsat-2) and optical data (Landsat 8), and to analyze the spectral and backscattering signatures of mangrove forests. We used a support vector machine (SVM) classification method to classify the land use in Hainan Dongzhaigang National Nature Reserve (HDNNR). The results showed that the overall accuracy using only optical information was 83.5%. Classification accuracy was improved to a varying extent by the addition of different radar data. The highest overall accuracy was 95.0% based on a combination of SAR and optical data. The area of mangrove forest in the reserve was found to be 1981.7 ha, as determined from the group with the highest classification accuracy. Combining optical data with SAR data could improve the classification accuracy and be significant for mangrove forest conservation.

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Caruso, Francesco, Lijun Dong, Mingli Lin, Mingming Liu, Wanxue Xu, and Songhai Li. "Influence of acoustic habitat variation on Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin (Sousa chinensis) in shallow waters of Hainan Island, China." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 147, no. 6 (June 2020): 3871–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0001384.

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David, Mirela. "Hooligan Sparrow: Representation of sexual assault in Chinese cinema, feminist activism and the limits of #MeToo in China." Asian Cinema 32, no. 1 (April 1, 2021): 55–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ac_00033_1.

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Hooligan Sparrow breaks with many taboos in Chinese cinema. It is the first internationally acclaimed documentary by a Chinese female director to centre upon investigating the activities of Ye Haiyan, a Chinese sex and women’s rights activist, as well as to address the politically sensitive topic of sexual assault in China. This is the first study to examine the cinematic contributions of Wang Nanfu and Ye Haiyan’s activism and feminist writings posted on Ye’s online social media accounts on Sina Weibo and Twitter. I unpack the power dynamics in this documentary as well as the interplay between the filmmaker’s subjectivity and the female rights activist’s subjectivity. This study also investigates how masculine aesthetic representations of sexual assault in Chinese cinema have blurred the issue of consent and shows how the subjectivities of female directors like Wang Nanfu and Vivian Qu bring more impactful representations of sexual violence in Chinese cinema.

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Ghaffarian, Saman, Norman Kerle, Edoardo Pasolli, and Jamal Jokar Arsanjani. "Post-Disaster Building Database Updating Using Automated Deep Learning: An Integration of Pre-Disaster OpenStreetMap and Multi-Temporal Satellite Data." Remote Sensing 11, no. 20 (October 19, 2019): 2427. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11202427.

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First responders and recovery planners need accurate and quickly derived information about the status of buildings as well as newly built ones to both help victims and to make decisions for reconstruction processes after a disaster. Deep learning and, in particular, convolutional neural network (CNN)-based approaches have recently become state-of-the-art methods to extract information from remote sensing images, in particular for image-based structural damage assessment. However, they are predominantly based on manually extracted training samples. In the present study, we use pre-disaster OpenStreetMap building data to automatically generate training samples to train the proposed deep learning approach after the co-registration of the map and the satellite images. The proposed deep learning framework is based on the U-net design with residual connections, which has been shown to be an effective method to increase the efficiency of CNN-based models. The ResUnet is followed by a Conditional Random Field (CRF) implementation to further refine the results. Experimental analysis was carried out on selected very high resolution (VHR) satellite images representing various scenarios after the 2013 Super Typhoon Haiyan in both the damage and the recovery phases in Tacloban, the Philippines. The results show the robustness of the proposed ResUnet-CRF framework in updating the building map after a disaster for both damage and recovery situations by producing an overall F1-score of 84.2%.

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Kesidis, Giannis, Ben J. Slater, Sören Jensen, and Graham E. Budd. "Caught in the act: priapulid burrowers in early Cambrian substrates." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 286, no. 1894 (January 16, 2019): 20182505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.2505.

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The fossilized traces of burrowing worms have taken on a considerable importance in studies of the Cambrian explosion, partly because of their use in defining the base of the Cambrian. Foremost among these are the treptichnids, a group of relatively large open probing burrows that have sometimes been assigned to the activities of priapulid scalidophoran worms. Nevertheless, most Cambrian burrows have an uncertain progenitor. Here we report a suite of exceptionally preserved trace and body fossils from sandstones of the lower Cambrian (Stage 4) File Haidar Formation of southern Sweden that can unequivocally be assigned to a scalidophoran producer. We further present the first burrow casts produced via actualistic experiments on living priapulids, and demonstrate the remarkable morphological parallels between these modern and Cambrian fossil equivalents. In addition, co-occurrence of scalidophoran-derived cuticular remains permits a unique synthesis of evidence from trace fossil, body and organic remains. Comparative analysis of these exceptionally preserved fossils supports a scalidophoran producer for treptichnids and by extension suggests a latest Ediacaran origin of the ecdysozoan clade.

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Tandoc, Edson C., and Bruno Takahashi. "Journalists are humans, too: A phenomenology of covering the strongest storm on earth." Journalism 19, no. 7 (July 8, 2016): 917–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464884916657518.

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This study focused on the phenomenology of covering a natural disaster by documenting the lived experience of 12 national and local journalists who covered Typhoon Haiyan when it hit the Philippines in November 2013. Studies that focused on journalists who covered natural disasters have identified their experiences as either journalists trying to balance their norms or as victims dealing with trauma. Our analysis brings these experiences together for a more holistic description of the experience of covering a natural disaster, arguing that one aspect of the experience cannot be understood without the other. Through an interpretative phenomenological analysis, this study found that the journalists experienced the storm as journalists, leaders, victims, and as community members. Such experiences were marked by liminal gaps, with one experience affecting the other.

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Carter, Steven D. "On a Bare Branch: Bashō and the Haikai Profession." Journal of the American Oriental Society 117, no. 1 (January 1997): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/605622.

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Velden, Christopher, Timothy Olander, Derrick Herndon, and James P. Kossin. "Reprocessing the Most Intense Historical Tropical Cyclones in the Satellite Era Using the Advanced Dvorak Technique." Monthly Weather Review 145, no. 3 (March 2017): 971–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-16-0312.1.

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In recent years, a number of extremely powerful tropical cyclones have revived community debate on methodologies used to estimate the lifetime maximum intensity (LMI) of these events. And how do these storms rank historically? In this study, the most updated version of an objective satellite-based intensity estimation algorithm [advanced Dvorak technique (ADT)] is employed and applied to the highest-resolution (spatial and temporal) geostationary satellite data available for extreme-intensity tropical cyclones that occurred during the era of these satellites (1979–present). Cases with reconnaissance aircraft observations are examined and used to calibrate the ADT at extreme intensities. Bias corrections for observing properties such as satellite viewing angle and image spatiotemporal resolution, and storm characteristics such as small eye size are also considered. The results of these intensity estimates (maximum sustained 1-min wind) show that eastern North Pacific Hurricane Patricia (2015) ranks as the strongest storm in any basin (182 kt), followed by western North Pacific Typhoons Haiyan (2013), Tip (1979), and Gay (1992). The following are the strongest classifications in other basins—Atlantic: Gilbert (1988), north Indian Ocean basin: Paradip (1999), south Indian Ocean: Gafilo (2004), Australian region: Monica (2006), and southeast Pacific basin: Pam (2015). In addition, ADT LMI estimates for four storms exceed the maximum allowable limit imposed by the operational Dvorak technique. This upper bound on intensity may be an unnatural constraint, especially if tropical cyclones get stronger in a warmer biosphere as some theorize. This argues for the need of an extension to the Dvorak scale to allow higher intensity estimates.

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LUO, YONGZHENG, and JIAN-XIU CHEN. "A new species of the genus Crossodonthina (Collembola: Neanuridae: Lobellini) from China." Zootaxa 2121, no. 1 (May 29, 2009): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2121.1.6.

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The genus Crossodonthina Yosii, 1954 is briefly introduced and a new Chinese species, Crossodonthina bidentata, from Zhejiang Province, is described in the present paper. It is distinguished from all known members of the genus by two unique characters: tubercles Di fused on Abd. V and the unique structure of the mandibles and maxillae. Its labral chaetotaxy (2/5, 2), setae on furcular remnant and morphology of macrosetae (M) are also unusual for the genus. It is similar to the Chinese species, C. montana Lee & Kim, 1990 and C. hainana Xiong et al., 2005, in having 2+2 eyes, 8 sensory setae on Ant. IV, 1 inner tooth on unguis, 4+4 setae on ventral tube and in the body dorsal chaetotaxy. However, it differs from them in the setae on cephalic tubercles Oc, setae on furcular remnant and the morphological feature of macrosetae (M), as well as the fusion of Di tubercles on Abd. V and the structure of mandibles and maxillae. A key to world species of the genus is provided.

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Al-Bahloly, Saleem. "The Persistence of the Image: Dhākira Hurra in Dia Azzawi's Drawings on the Massacre of Tel al-Zaatar." ARTMargins 2, no. 2 (June 2013): 71–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/artm_a_00048.

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This article examines the memory-image in a set of drawings produced by the Iraqi artist Dia Azzawi on the massacre of the Palestinian refugee camp, Tel al-Zaatar, during the Lebanese civil war. It traces the development of this memory-image in Iraq in the 1960s, within a paradigm of the modern artwork established by the work of the artist Kadhim Haidar. Generalizing in modern art a mode of allegory from the poetic tradition of the husayniyyat, that paradigm introduced a philosophy of history in which the past was interpreted as a tradition of tragic forms that could be revived in painting as allegories for articulating the experience of contemporary political violence. Within that philosophy of history, Azzawi drew from the epic, Gilgamesh, a formula for representing injustice, one where a victim is emplotted in a narrative of struggle, such that the forms of the victim double as forms of the aggression from which he suffers. This formula comprised the method of representation in Azzawi's drawings on the massacre at Tel al-Zaatar and in his work throughout the 1970s.

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Zhuang, Lingping, Binbin Lin, and Lianzhong Luo. "Mangrovimonas spongiae sp. nov., a novel member of the genus Mangrovimonas isolated from marine sponge." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 70, no. 3 (March 1, 2020): 1982–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.004006.

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A taxonomic study was carried out on strain HN-E26T, which was isolated from sponge collected from Yangpu Bay, Hainan, PR China. Cells of strain HN-E26T were Gram-stain-negative, motile by gliding, yellow-pigmented and rod-shaped. The strain could grow at 10–40 °C (optimum, 25 °C), at pH 6.0–9.0 (optimum, pH 7.0) and in 0.5–12 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 4–7 %). This isolate was positive for oxidase, catalase, and the hydrolysis of starch, xylan, aesculin and gelatin, but negative for indole production and the reduction of nitrate. Strain HN-E26T shared the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Mangrovimonas yunxiaonensis LYYY01T (95.5 %), followed by Formosa spongicola A2T (94.4 %), Meridianimaribacter flavus NH57NT (94.3 %) and Winogradskyella exilis 022-2-26T (94.3 %). The phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain HN-E26T formed a distinct phylogenetic lineage within the cluster comprising Mangrovimonas yunxiaonensis LYYY01T and ‘ Mangrovimonas xylaniphaga ’ ST2L12T. The dominant fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C15 : 1 G. The major polar lipids comprised phosphatidylethanolamine, three unidentified aminolipids and six unidentified lipids. The respiratory lipoquinone was identified as MK-6. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 33.9 mol%. Based on the phenotypic and phylogenetic data, strain HN-E26T represents a novel species of the genus Mangrovimonas , for which the name Mangrovimonas spongiae sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain HN-E26T (=MCCC 1K03326T=LMG 30458T).

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Dadia, Vac Ann C. "Writing as Witnessing, Poetry as Agency of Aid: The Five Poems from Typhoon Yolanda Relief Anthologies." Jurnal Poetika 8, no. 2 (December 26, 2020): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/poetika.v8i2.59485.

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The strong typhoon Yolanda (international name: Haiyan), which buffeted the central Philippine region on November 2013 spurred the publication of several relief anthologies, so-called because they were primarily intended to raise funds for the disaster victims. This paper argues that as a distinct method of volunteerism, the poems that comprise the Yolanda relief anthologies are ecopoems which not only bear intrinsic ecological themes that confront an environment in crisis but also embody what Filipino poet Luisa A. Igloria describes as a "work of witness and deep engagement" in a time of climate and humanitarian crisis. In analyzing the five poems from two Yolanda relief anthologies, namely, Agam: Filipino Narratives on Uncertainty and Climate Change and Verses Typhoon Yolanda: A Storm of Filipino Poets, this paper utilizes the theories developed by the Filipino poets who are themselves contributors to these relief anthologies, specifically on how poetry is an act of witnessing and functions as an agency of symbolic aid. The findings contribute to the discourse on ethical literature and thus suggest that the existing brand of Philippine ecopoetry allows for poems that articulate empathic and hopeful agency towards climate-related disaster survivors.

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Takahashi, Bruno, Edson C. Tandoc, and Christine Carmichael. "Communicating on Twitter during a disaster: An analysis of tweets during Typhoon Haiyan in the Philippines." Computers in Human Behavior 50 (September 2015): 392–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.04.020.

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Wang, Jing Xiong, Dong Liu, Yan Zhao, and Chen Wang. "Study of Tidal Lanes on Traffic Controlling - Taking Zizhuyuan Road of Haidian District in Beijing as an Example." Applied Mechanics and Materials 668-669 (October 2014): 1449–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.668-669.1449.

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Based on the analysis of setting principles of tidal lane, this paper describes the traffic and technical feasibility on setting tidal lane aat Xizhimen Outer Street between Chedaogou Bridge and Sijiqing Bridge, and then put forward a package on setting of tidal lane and control approaches of segment and endpoint. Through an analysis of the package, we expect to relieving road network pressure from tidal traffic and achieving the purpose of easing traffic congestion.

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Li, Zhen, Yulan Zhang, Yongxiang Li, and Jing Zhao. "Palynological records of Holocene monsoon change from the Gulf of Tonkin (Beibuwan), northwestern South China Sea." Quaternary Research 74, no. 1 (July 2010): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2010.04.012.

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AbstractPalynological records in cores C4 and B106 from the Gulf of Tonkin reveal signals of paleo-monsoon and paleoenvironmental change during the late Pleistocene and Holocene. Before ∼ 13.4 cal kyr BP, the Gulf of Tonkin was exposed to the atmosphere and covered by grassland. Starting at ∼ 11.7 cal kyr BP, the Gulf of Tonkin was inundated by brackish water, indicated by the appearance of the brackish algae Cleistosphaeridium, Sentusidinium and Spiniferites, a decrease of herb content, and an increase of Pinus. After Hainan Island was completely separated from the Leizhou Peninsula by Qiongzhou Strait at ∼ 8.5 cal kyr BP, a continuous marine sedimentary environment was found. The current patterns were similar to those of the present, with a general trend of current homogenization reflected by gradually decreasing quantities of Quercus pollen and a narrowing gap between the palynological concentrations of the southern and northern parts of the region. The data suggest that three short periods of strengthened winter monsoons and currents were centered at ∼ 6.0 cal kyr BP, ∼ 2.7 cal kyr BP and ∼ 0.2 cal kyr BP and that two short periods of strengthened summer monsoons and currents were centered at ∼ 7.5 cal kyr BP and ∼ 3.4 cal kyr BP.

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CABELLOS ESPIÉRREZ, Miguel Ángel. "En torno a la práctica desaparición de una competencia. El art. 149.1.6 CE y las especialidades procesales autonómicas." Revista Vasca de Administración Pública / Herri-Arduralaritzarako Euskal Aldizkaria, no. 93 (August 30, 2012): 103–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.47623/ivap-rvap.93.2012.04.

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LABURPENA: Konstituzioak, 149.1.6 artikuluan, ez zion atea itxi nahi izan autonomia- erkidegoen parte-hartzeari araudi prozesalaren erregulazioan, eta, berez, Estatuari legegintza prozesalaren gainean eman zion eskumen esklusiboa mugatua da; izan ere, beren zuzenbide substantiboaren berezitasunetatik eratorritako espezialitate prozesalen gaineko eskumena aitortu baitzien, aldi berean, autonomia-erkidegoei. Eskumen hori batez ere zuzenbide zibil propioa duten erkidegoetan erabiltzekoa zen, baina ez haietan bakarrik, ez eta soilik gai honi dagokionean ere. Konstituzio Auzitegiak, baina, hain modu murriztailean jokatu du konstituzio-arau hori interpretatu eta aplikatu behar izan duenean (47/2004 epaia da salbuespen bakarra), non autonomia-erkidegoen espezialitate prozesalen gaineko eskumena ezerezean geratu baita. Artikulu honen asmoa honako hau da: alde batetik, egoera honetara nola heldu garen aztertzea; bestetik, 21/2012 epaia analizatzea, zeinak Konstituzio Auzitegiaren ildo murriztailea berresten duen; eta, azkenik, gaurko egoeran beste hautabide batzuk eskaintzea, autonomia-erkidegoek espezialitate prozesalen gainean daukaten eskumena (haietako batzuk erabiltzen ari direna) desagertzeko zorian dago-eta Konstituzio Auzitegiaren jurisprudentzian. RESUMEN: La Constitución, en su art. 149.1.6, no quiso cerrar la puerta a la intervención de las CCAA en la regulación de la normativa procesal y otorgó al Estado una competencia exclusiva sobre legislación procesal cuya exclusividad es, en realidad, limitada, dada la simultánea atribución a las CCAA de la competencia para dictar las necesarias especialidades procesales derivadas de las particularidades de su derecho sustantivo. Ello debía ser especialmente útil en aquellas comunidades con Derecho civil propio, aunque no solo en estas ni únicamente respecto de este ámbito material. Ocurre sin embargo que el Tribunal Constitucional, en las ocasiones en que ha debido interpretar y aplicar el mencionado precepto constitucional, lo ha hecho de modo tan restrictivo que, con la única y aislada excepción de la STC 47/2004, la competencia autonómica relativa a las especialidades procesales ha quedado reducida a la nada. El propósito de este artículo es, por un lado, el de examinar cómo se ha llegado a este punto; por otro, estudiar el último de los casos relevantes, la STC 21/2012, que confirma la citada línea restrictiva seguida por el Tribunal; y finalmente apuntar algunas alternativas a la situación a la que se ha llegado, en que la competencia de las CCAA en materia de especialidades procesales (que por otra parte algunas están ejerciendo) se halla condenada a la práctica desaparición en la jurisprudencia constitucional. ABSTRACT: The Constitution in section 149.1.16 has not closed the door to the Autonomous Communities intervention in the regulation of the procedural provisions and conferred the State the exclusive power over the procedural legislation albeit its exclusivity is limited by the simultaneous allocation to the Au tonomous Communities of the power to enact the necessary procedural specifities that come from the special features of its substantive law. That should be extremely useful in those Communities with their own Civil law, even though not only in those and not solely regarding this material field. But what happens is that when the Constitutional Court had to interpret and apply the aforementioned constitutional provision, it has done it so narrowly that with the only and sole exception of the Constitutional judgment 47/2004 the power is almost reduced to nothing. The purpose of this article is on the one hand to examine how this is been reached; and on the other hand, to study the last relevant ruling, judgment 21/2012, which confirms the aforementioned narrow line of interpretation followed by the Court; and finally to point at some alternatives to the situation that has been created in which the power of the Autonomous Communities regarding the procedural specificities (and which they are exercising anyway) is doomed to the practical disappearance according to the constitutional caselaw.

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Parodi, Laura E. "Navina Najat Haidar and Marika Sardar (eds): Sultans of the South: Arts of India's Deccan Courts, 1323–1687. (The Metropolitan Museum of Art Symposia.) xiv, 322 pp. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art (distributed by Yale University Press), 2011. $50. ISBN 978 1 58839 438 5." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 76, no. 2 (June 2013): 328–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x13000256.

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Li, X., K. Guo, Y. Zhang, X. Yan, and J. Zheng. "First Report of the Stubby Root Nematode, Paratrichodorus minor, in Mainland China." Plant Disease 94, no. 3 (March 2010): 376. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-94-3-0376a.

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The stubby root nematode, Paratrichodorus minor (Colbran, 1956) Siddiqi, 1974, is an economically important species. It not only causes direct damage to the meristemic tissues of plants, but also can be a vector of Tobacco rattle virus and Pepper ringspot virus (2). It has been documented in Afghanistan, Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canary Islands, Cuba, Egypt, Fiji, India, Israel, Ivory Coast, Japan, Java, Mauritania, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Philippines, Puerto Rico, Senegal, South Africa, Taiwan, Upper Volta, the United States, the former USSR, and Venezuela (1). During a recent investigation on Trichodoridae occurring in China, eight stubby root nematode populations were detected in Hainan, Yunnan, and Fujian provinces in the rhizospheres of eggplant (Solanum melongena), Chinaberry (Melia azedarach), lettuce (Lactuca sativa), longan (Dimocarpus longan), peach (Prunus persica), pear (Pyrus sp.), and walnut (Juglans regia) in soils ranging from clay to sand. The eight populations had similar morphological and molecular characters. The females were cigar shaped with rod-shaped vaginal sclerotization parallel to the longitudinal body axis with a quadrangular vagina in side view having a short vulval slit. The key morphometrics of females were consistent with those of P. minor: body length, 631 to 757 μm; body diameter, 27 to 43 μm; onchiostyle, 35 to 36 μm; a, 18 to 24; b, 4.9 to 5.5; v%, 53 to 55; length of vagina, 10.8 to 11.1 μm; and size of vaginal pieces, 1.7 to 1.9 μm. Males in P. minor are rare and were not found in any of the eight populations. Partial sequences of the 18s RNA gene of each population were amplified with forward primer 5′-AAA GAT TAA GCC ATG CAT G-3′ (2), and reverse primer 5′-AGT CAA ATT AAG CCG CAG-3′ (3), which yielded a PCR fragment of 1,153 bp. PCR products from all eight populations were sequenced and submitted to GenBank and assigned Accession Nos. GQ995703, GQ995704, GQ995705, GQ995706, GQ995707, GQ995708, GQ995709, and GQ995710. The sequences exhibited 99.8 to 100% similarity with those of P. minor isolates DQ345526, AM269897, AJ438052, AJ438053, and AJ438058 from GenBank. Morphological and molecular identification confirmed that all populations were P. minor. To our knowledge, this is the first report of P. minor in mainland China. References: (1) K. Boutsika et al. Nematology 6:145, 2004. (2) W. Decramer. The Family Trichodiridae: Stubby Root and Virus Vector Nematodes. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, the Netherlands, 1995. (3) I. S. Waite et al. Soil Biol. Biochem. 35:1165, 2003.

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ACUÑA-FARIÑA, JUAN CARLOS. "Aspects of the grammar of close apposition and the structure of the noun phrase." English Language and Linguistics 13, no. 3 (October 19, 2009): 453–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1360674309990190.

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The range of structures commonly classed as close appositives forms a rich ecological niche where each construction relates to the other constructions forming a dense network of taxonomic and inheritance ties (Goldberg 1995). As a first approximation to the concept of close apposition, however, the structure of that network falls outside the scope of this article, where I focus on the theoretical notion of close apposition itself, on how it deviates from that of loose apposition (Acuña-Fariña 2006), and on an analysis of a quintessentially close appositive construction, thethe poet Burnstype in the literature (Curme 1947; Lee 1952; Fries 1952; Haugen 1953; Hockett 1955, 1958). The thesis that these strings are formed by a doubly endocentric structure where the putative first segment (the poet) is a grounded nominal (i.e. an active referent; e.g. Langacker 1991; Taylor 2002) is rejected. Instead, it is argued that these highly conventionalized close appositions are instances of ‘inchoate’ noun phrase structure, and that the internal constituency of such strings is not fully elaborated due to a lack of strong functional pressure. Three reasons are put forward in order to defend such a view: 1. the construction has as its job the activation of a social referent, and in the social world that we inhabit this is usually done either by name or profession, with no logical incompatibility between the two; 2. the construction is a hybrid of distinct and more productive (and fully elaborated) templates, which act asattractor polesand pull constituency in opposite directions; and 3. the construction is easily identifiable as such ‘from the top’. This makes it unnecessary to have to spend valuable cognitive resources (like creating, storing and deploying inaudible, abstract, constituent structure) when, somewhat metaphorically, one can reach the final destination of that journey (the last stop being meaning) directly, as it were, with no changing of trains (Haiman 1994; Boyland 1996; Hay 2001). The present analysis is framed along lines compatible with various forms of Construction Grammar.

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Cheung, Peter T. Y. "Book Review: Kjeld Erik BRODSGAARD, Hainan: State, Society, and Business in a Chinese Province. London and New York: Routledge, 2009. 188 pp., with index, notes, figures, and tables. ISBN: 978-0-415-46033-0 (hc). Price: £80.00." China Information 23, no. 3 (October 15, 2009): 503–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0920203x09345760.

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Shin, Heeryoon. "Sultans of Deccan India, 1500–1700: Opulence and FantasyCatalogueSultans of Deccan India, 1500–1700: Opulence and FantasyEdited by Navina Najat Haidar and Marika SardarNew York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2015.368 pp.; 350 color ills.Cloth $65.00ISBN 9780300211108." West 86th: A Journal of Decorative Arts, Design History, and Material Culture 22, no. 2 (September 2015): 239–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/685878.

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Kann, A., T. Haiden, and C. Wittmann. "Combining 2-m temperature nowcasting and short range ensemble forecasting." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 18, no. 6 (December 2, 2011): 903–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npg-18-903-2011.

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Abstract. During recent years, numerical ensemble prediction systems have become an important tool for estimating the uncertainties of dynamical and physical processes as represented in numerical weather models. The latest generation of limited area ensemble prediction systems (LAM-EPSs) allows for probabilistic forecasts at high resolution in both space and time. However, these systems still suffer from systematic deficiencies. Especially for nowcasting (0–6 h) applications the ensemble spread is smaller than the actual forecast error. This paper tries to generate probabilistic short range 2-m temperature forecasts by combining a state-of-the-art nowcasting method and a limited area ensemble system, and compares the results with statistical methods. The Integrated Nowcasting Through Comprehensive Analysis (INCA) system, which has been in operation at the Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics (ZAMG) since 2006 (Haiden et al., 2011), provides short range deterministic forecasts at high temporal (15 min–60 min) and spatial (1 km) resolution. An INCA Ensemble (INCA-EPS) of 2-m temperature forecasts is constructed by applying a dynamical approach, a statistical approach, and a combined dynamic-statistical method. The dynamical method takes uncertainty information (i.e. ensemble variance) from the operational limited area ensemble system ALADIN-LAEF (Aire Limitée Adaptation Dynamique Développement InterNational Limited Area Ensemble Forecasting) which is running operationally at ZAMG (Wang et al., 2011). The purely statistical method assumes a well-calibrated spread-skill relation and applies ensemble spread according to the skill of the INCA forecast of the most recent past. The combined dynamic-statistical approach adapts the ensemble variance gained from ALADIN-LAEF with non-homogeneous Gaussian regression (NGR) which yields a statistical \\mbox{correction} of the first and second moment (mean bias and dispersion) for Gaussian distributed continuous variables. Validation results indicate that all three methods produce sharp and reliable probabilistic 2-m temperature forecasts. However, the statistical and combined dynamic-statistical methods slightly outperform the pure dynamical approach, mainly due to the under-dispersive behavior of ALADIN-LAEF outside the nowcasting range. The training length does not have a pronounced impact on forecast skill, but a spread re-scaling improves the forecast skill substantially. Refinements of the statistical methods yield a slight further improvement.

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Simpson, Marianna Shreve. "Laura E. Parodi (ed.): The Visual World of Muslim India: The Art, Culture and Society of the Deccan in the Early Modern Era. xxxii, 366 pp. London and New York: I.B. Tauris, 2014. £68. ISBN 978 1 84885 746 9. - Navina Najat Haidar and Marika Sardar (eds): Sultans of Deccan India, 1500–1700: Opulence and Fantasy. xi, 384 pp. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2015. $65. ISBN 978 1 58839 566 5." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 79, no. 1 (February 2016): 201–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x15001263.

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Ferrara, Enzo. "Recipes for Disaster by John Webster. Icarus Films, Brooklyn, NY, U.S.A., 2008. DVD. 63 min, closed captioned. Distributor's website: . The Axe in the Attic by Ed Pincus and Lucia Small. The Cinema Guild, New York, NY, U.S.A., 2007. DVD, 110 min. Distributor's website: . Umbrella by Du Haibin. Icarus Films, Brooklyn, NY, U.S.A., 2007. DVD, 93 min. Distributor's website:." Leonardo 43, no. 2 (April 2010): 179–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/leon.2010.43.2.179.

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Fan, Jingyu, Xuejiao Yuan, Menglin Wang, and Gengping Zhu. "Mapping the potential distribution of the schistosomiasis intermediate host Biomphalaria straminea in China." Geospatial Health 13, no. 2 (November 9, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/gh.2018.723.

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Biomphalaria straminea is native to Brazil but has established a population in Guangdong Province, China. Its potential of expanding and transmitting Schistosoma mansoni is of great concern. We seek to map S. mansoni transmission potential by predicting ecological dimensions and potential distributions of B. straminea using state-of-the-art ecological niche model approaches. Two environmental datasets were selected to fit individual and ensemble niche models, together with the evaluation of niche conservatism during B. straminea invasion in China. A small area is still occupied by the introduced population compared to that in Brazil. A vast space with suitable climate remains unfilled and might be available to B. straminea. Contrasting results of niche conservatism evaluation were attained based on the two environmental datasets. The coastal areas in southern China, together with south-western Yunnan and southern Hainan and Taiwan were consistent supported by multiple model approaches, showing high climate suitability for B. straminea. Attention should be paid to the possibility of S. mansoni epidemic in these identified areas, as high pressure due to propagation and future climate change may further complicate conditions. Our results call for rigorous monitoring and supervising along these areas in China.

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"Interview with Haian Fu, PhD." ASSAY and Drug Development Technologies 13, no. 5 (June 2015): 249–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/adt.2015.29004.hfu.

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Sun, Xiaodong, Xinglai Cai, Qiang Bian, Qiangqiang Pang, Wen Zhang, Man Zhou, and Yisong Chen. "First Report of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Causing Anthracnose on Canna edulis Ker in China." Plant Disease, October 13, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-02-20-0381-pdn.

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Canna edulis Ker has been an important economic plant in southern China. The tuberous stems are the most valued plant part and in the past were routinely used as animal feeds. In June 2019, leaf spot disease were detected on C. edulis plants in Chengmai, Hainan Province. Symptoms of the disease were characterized by oval-shaped, initially pale to yellow lesions that become necrotic (brown) with yellow borders, As the lesions expanded, the disease could encompass the entire leaves. which were seen as concentric rings typical of anthracnose disease (FigS1-A). A survey of C. edulis plants revealed that the disease caused serious damage during the summer in Hainan Province, with 50 to 60% incidence in plants. To isolate the pathogen, ten pieces of diseased leaf samples were plated and seven pieces yielded fungal colonies after 5 to 6 days of incubation at 25 °C. The Colonies were single-spored to obtain pure cultures. Pure cultures on potato dextrose agar (PDA) appear white to gray, with white margins and aerial hyphae, and the reverse of the colonies was gray to brown (FigS1-B). Conidia were single-celled, hyaline, cylindrical to slightly curved with a rounded apex and truncated base that measured 13.3 to 18.1(length) × 3.7 to 5.5 (width) μm (n=50) (FigS1-C). The morphological characteristics and measurements of this fungal pathogen matched the previous descriptions of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Prihastuti et al. 2012). Isolate JO-3 was identicated by molecular analysis, sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), actin (ACT) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) regions were obtained. These loci were amplified from isolates using the primer pairs ITS1/ITS4 (Mills et al. 1992), ACT-512F/ ACT-783R (Weir et al. 2012) and GDF/GDR (Templeton et al. 1992) respectively. A BLAST search of GenBank showed that the ITS (MN913584), ACT(MN919196) and GAPDH (MN919195) sequences of the isolate were 99% , 100% and 100% homologous with C. gloeosporioides (GenBank accession nos. MH930419, JX009931 and KX885158). Maximum likelihood trees based on concatenated sequences of the three genes were constructed using MEGA7.0. The results showed the strains isolated from C. edulis were closely related to C. gloeosporioides, as supported by high bootstrap values (FigS1-D). Pathogenicity test was performed with isolate JO-3 by depositing 10-µl droplets of a suspension (1 × 106 conidia/ml) on the surfaces of five artificially wounded leaves (a small hole made with a pushpin) of ten healthy 1-year-old C. edulis plants. An equal number of control leaves were inoculated with sterile water to serve as a negative control. The test was conducted three times. Plants were kept at 25°C with 80% humidity and observed for symptom every day. One weeks after inoculation, all the inoculated plants showed symptoms of yellow sunken spots similar to those observed in the field. No symptoms were observed on the controls. The fungus re-isolated from the infected tissues showed the same cultural and morphological characteristics of the strain inoculated, fulfilling Koch’s postulates. C. gloeosporioides was previously reported as the causal agent of anthracnose on Hymenocallis littoralis (Zhao et al. 2019), Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench (Shi et al. 2019) and Sorbaria sorbifolia (Li et al. 2019) in China. To our knowledge, this is the first report of anthracnose on C. edulis caused by C. gloeosporioides in China. This disease can seriously affect the yield and quality of C. edulis in China. Given its wide host range, C. gloeosporioides has great potential to become an economically important plant pathogen. The project was partially funded by Hainan Provincial Research Institute of technology development projects (Collection, Evaluation and Domestication Cultivation of Wild Vegetable Germplasm Resources in Hainan), Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Vegetables and Biology，Hainan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Melon and Vegetable Breeding, Major scientific and technological projects in Hainan Province(ZDKJ2017001)，Key R & D projects in Hainan Province (ZDYF2019066), The third Survey and Collection of Crop Germplasm Resources in China. References: Mills, P. R., et al. 1992. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 98:137-144 Weir, B. S., et al. 2012. Stud. Mycol. 73:115. Templeton, M.D. et al. 1992. Gene. 122:225. Prihastuti, H., et al. 2009. Fungal Divers. 39:89 C. D. Zhao, et al. 2019. Plant Dis.103:3286 Y. X. Shi, et al. 2019. Plant Dis.103:303 X. Y. Li, et al. 2019. Plant Dis.103:242

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Di, Guilan, Ning Wang, Minghui Shen, Miaoqin Huang, Jingqiang Fu, Chao Pei, Weiwei You, and Caihuan Ke. "Spermatozoan morphology of the snails Babylonia lutosa , Babylonia areolata from parental lines of populations in Hainan and Thailand and hybrid lines." Aquaculture Research, November 6, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/are.14951.

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"Treasures of Islam: Art and Design in Islamic Manuscripts. Jamshid Beheshti , Andrew Large , Haidar Moukdad." Library Quarterly 72, no. 4 (October 2002): 510–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/lq.72.4.40039799.

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Yu, Shao-shuai, Yuan Wu, and Wei wei Song. "Occurrence of a 16SrII-V Subgroup Phytoplasma Associated with Witches’-Broom Disease in Melochia corchorifolia in China." Plant Disease, August 19, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-07-21-1375-pdn.

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Melochia corchorifolia L. is a plant belonging to the family Sterculiaceae, extracts from this plant have been reported to inhibit melanogenesis (Yuan et al., 2020). During September to November 2020, the plants showing abnormal symptoms including witches’-broom, leaf chlorosis, leaflet and internode shortening (Fig.1), were found in Dingan county of Hainan province, China, with about 50% infection rates in the field. The disease symptoms were suspected to be caused by the phytoplasma, a plant pathogenic prokaryotes that could not be cultured in vitro. Aiming to confirm the pathogen causing the symptoms, total DNA of the symptomatic or asymptomatic Melochia corchorifolia samples were extracted by CTAB method (Doyle and Doyle, 1990) using 0.10 g fresh plant leaves using the rapid extraction kit for plant genomic DNA (CTAB Plant Genome DNA Rapid Extraction Kit, Aidlab Biotechnologies Co., Ltd, Beijing, China). PCR reactions were performed using primers R16mF2/R16mR1 (Gundersen and Lee, 1996) specific for phytoplasma 16S rRNA gene fragments. PCR products of phytoplasma 16S rRNA gene sequences were obtained from the ten symptomatic plant samples but not from the DNA of the asymptomatic plant samples. The PCR products were cloned and sequenced by Biotechnology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China) and the data were deposited in GenBank. The sequences of 16S rRNA gene fragments amplified from the DNA extracted from the disease plant samples were all identical, with a length of 1336 bp for the 16S rRNA (GenBank accession: MZ353520). Nucleotide Blast search based on the 16S rRNA gene fragment of the phytoplasma strain showed 100% sequence identities with that of 16SrII peanut witches’-broom group members, such as Cassava witches’-broom phytoplasma (KM280679), Cleome sp. phytoplasma (KM280677), Tephrosia purpurea witches’-broom phytoplasma (MW616560), Desmodium triflorum little leaf phytoplasma (MT452308) and Peanut witches’-broom phytoplasma (JX403944). Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of McWB-hnda strain by interactive online phytoplasma classification tool iPhyClassifier (Zhao et al., 2009) indicated that the phytoplasma strain is a member of 16SrII-V subgroup. The phytoplasma strain was named as Melochia corchorifolia witches’-broom (McWB) phytoplasma, McWB-hnda strain. Phylogenetic analysis performed by MEGA 7.0 employing neighbor-joining (NJ) method with 1000 bootstrap value (Kumar et al., 2016) indicated that the McWB-hnda phytoplasma strain was clustered into one clade with the phytoplasma strains of Tephrosia purpurea witches’-broom, Cleome sp., Peanut witches’-broom, Cassava witches’-broom and Desmodium triflorum little leaf with 97 % bootstrap value (Fig.2); McWB-hnda phytoplasma strain identified in the study and Melochia corchorifolia phyllody phytoplasma strain (KX150461) belonging to 16SrI-B subgroup previously identified in the Hainan Island of China by Chen et al. (2017) are in two independent clades(Fig.2). To our knowledge, this is the first report of a 16SrII-V subgroup phytoplasma associated with Melochia corchorifolia witches’-broom disease in Hainan Province, a tropical island of China. The phytoplasma strain identified in the study was relatively close to 16SrII peanut witches’-broom group phytoplasma strains associated with witches’-broom or little leaf diseases in the plants like Peanut, Tephrosia purpurea, Cassava and Desmodium triflorum. Our finding in the study indicated that Melochia corchorifolia may act as an alternative natural host not only for 16SrI-B subgroup phytoplasma but also for 16SrII-V subgroup phytoplasma, which would contribute to the spreading of the related phytoplasma diseases.

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Matsui-Yuasa, Isao, Eri Yoshikawa, Xuedan Huang, Yoshinori Kobayashi, and Akiko Kojima-Yuasa. "Mallotus Feretianus Extract Inhibits Ethanol-induced Activation of Hepatic Stellate Cell via PI3K-Akt and cAMP-PKA Pathways (P06-065-19)." Current Developments in Nutrition 3, Supplement_1 (June 1, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzz031.p06-065-19.

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Abstract Objectives Chronic and excessive alcohol consumption is a significant cause of liver fibrosis. The development of alcohol induced liver fibrosis may progress to hepatic decompensation and hepatocellular carcinoma. Therefore, liver fibrosis is associated with severe morbidity and mortality. Mallotus furetianus (MF) is a tropical plant in Hainan Island of China. The extract of its leaves is used as a folk medicine. In this study, we examined the effects of MF extract on the development of liver fibrosis in an in vivo ethanol-carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced cirrhosis model and in vitro alcohol-injury model of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Methods Male Wistar rats were fed a diet that included 0.012% or 0.04% MF extract or no MF extract. For a period of 3 weeks, the animals were given drinking water containing 5% ethanol and were also treated with CCl4 (0.1 ml/kg of body weight). HSCs were isolated from male Wistar rats and were incubated with ethanol with or without MF extract. Results Plasma ALT and AST activities in rats treated with the ethanol plus CCl4 and MF extract (0.012% or 0.04%) were significantly reduced from the those in rats treated with the ethanol plus CCl4. The protective effect of MF extract was dose dependently. Histological analysis observed lipid and collagen accumulations in the liver of the ethanol plus CCl4-treated rats. On the other hand, MF extract treatment fully protected rats against ethanol plus CCl4-induced liver steatosis and fibrosis. HSCs play a main role in liver fibrosis because they are a primary producer of the extracellular matrix such as type I collagen and α-SMA. MF extract treatment suppressed the ethanol-induced increases in type I and α-SMA expression to near control levels in HSCs. The treatments with MF extract suppressed the increase in the levels of phosphorylated Akt in ethanol-treated HSCs. Furthermore, the treatment of LY194002, an inhibitor of PI3K, suppressed the ethanol-induced increase in the expression of type I collagen in HSCs. On the other hand, the addition of H-89, an inhibitor of PKA, inhibited the suppression of the synthesis of type I collagen in MF extract-treated HSCs. Conclusions MF extract may be a candidate for preventing ethanol-induced liver injury via regulating liver steatosis and fibrosis in PI3K-Akt and cAMP-PKA manners. Funding Sources This study was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers JP24500987, JP15K00832.

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