Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Hair characteristics'

Le follicule pileux se régénère à partir de cellules souches multipotentes situées dans le bulge. Cependant, la multipotentialité de ces cellules souches a été évaluée au niveau de la population entière. Grâce à un système de marquage clonale, nous avons démontré que le pool de cellules souches est hétérogène et contient des précurseurs avec des contributions multipotentes, ainsi que des précurseurs avec des contributions restreintes, ce qui remet en cause le concept de cellule souche multipotente. Ensuite, j’ai décrit la participation de deux groupes distincts de cellules souches au renouvellement du follicule pileux: un groupe contribue uniquement à la gaine épithéliale externe (ORS), caractérisant un lignage restreint; l’autre groupe contribue aux cellules compagnons de l’ORS, aux structures internes et à la matrice du follicule pileux, caractérisant un lignage multipotent. Ces résultats modifient la vision actuelle du comportement des cellules souches et mènent à une re-évaluation de l’organisation cellulaire du follicule pileux. Enfin, j’ai décrit morphologiquement les différents types de follicules pileux de la souris. Pour définir les différences des comportements cellulaires qui mènent à une telle variété, j’ai mis en place une stratégie d’imagerie pour caractériser les divisions cellulaires des cellules souches de la matrice, ainsi qu’un système de culture pour étudier les comportements cellulaires in vivo. Cette étude est basée sur deux stratégies complémentaires (l’analyse clonale rétrospective et l’imagerie 4D). La combinaison de ces approches nous apporte une description des stratégies morphogénétiques sous-tendant le développement du follicule pileux.

Thesis (MSc (Chemistry)) -- University of Limpopo, 2011.
Surveys indicate that most South African origin women want long and straight hair (Mamabolo and Summers, 2006). Such women will therefore use a relaxer to straighten their hair. Many such preparations cause damage to the hair and scalp; hence identification of an effective and mild relaxer would be advantageous. This dissertation investigates South African origin hair structure and goes on to describe the effects of relaxers on South African origin hair. This work also analyses the effects of the lye and no-lye relaxers separately. The work was divided into two sections. The first section was the clinical study where two types of relaxers (‘lye’, a sodium hydroxide base relaxer and ‘no-lye’, a guanidine hydroxide base relaxer) were applied on the new outgrowth representing natural hair in a half-head study design of five South African origin female volunteers. Subjective (subject self-assessment) and objective (Researcher assessment) hair assessments were performed. The second section was the analysis of the hair samples by Reversed-Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) using the Pico Tag as well as Electron Microscopy. There was no erythema detected in the clinical study on the scalp of any of the subjects post-application. Both the researcher and the subjects assessed the performance of the no-lye relaxer to be better than the lye relaxer in terms of straightness. The researcher also assessed the performance of the no-lye relaxer to be better than the lye relaxer in terms of softness, shininess, volume and dryness. The performance of the two types of relaxers was assessed to be the same by both the researcher and the subjects in terms of length and damage. There was a statistically significant (p< 0.1) decrease in the amount (g/100 g hair) of cystine after treatment compared to before treatment with both the lye relaxer (median [range]) (7.8 [2.5-9.9] vs. 9.1 [6.7-11.9]; p= 0.086) and the no-lye relaxer (4.0 [2.9-4.8] vs. 9.1 [6.7-11.9]; p= 0.005); this decrease was significantly greater (p= 0.086) for the no-lye relaxer. There was also a statistically significant decrease in the amount of lysine after treatment compared to before treatment with both the lye relaxer (2.0 [1.5-2.3] vs. 2.1 [2.0-2.6]; p= 0.082) and the no-lye relaxer (2.0 [1.5-2.2]; p= 0.036); this decrease was not significantly different (p= 0.920) for the two types of relaxer. No significant differences were found in the levels of the remaining 15 amino acids analysed. For all the subjects no physical evidence of hair damage was observable from the scanning electron microscopy images of the hair shafts and the cuticles. The longer wash-off time confirmed the claimed relative safety of ‘no-lye’ relaxers. The no-lye relaxer performed better overall than the lye relaxer in terms of the hair quality parameters assessed. A decrease in cystine levels is consistent with better performance in terms of hair straightness. The results from electron microscopy were not conclusive.

Scalp hair is increasingly being used as a testing substrate for toxins and monitoring treatment adherence. The biochemistry of human hair is assumed to be similar; however, a recent study reported higher concentration of lipids in African hair. The effect of hair curvature, if any, on drug incorporation (e.g. lipid soluble drugs) is unknown. Racial description of hair morphology is unscientific. A geometric classification of hair into 8 groups (I-straight to VIII-tightly curly) was recently proposed, however its reliability has not been confirmed. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the reliability of the geometric classification (and to assess whether it could be improved) and investigate relationships between morphology and other hair characteristics. Virgin hair was collected from 128 volunteers using a standardized protocol. Geometric measurements of hair using published templates were conducted for classification. Reliability was assessed using Kappa statistics. Characteristics assessed included mechanical properties (miniature tensile tester), growth rate and hair density (TrichoScan® trichogram), biochemistry (Vanillin assay for lipids and Fourier Transform Infrared adsorption) and imaging (Electron and Fluorescent Light Microscopy). Inter-observer agreement was poor for 8-groups (k=0.418) but improved for 6-groups (k=0.671). The intra-observer agreement also improved [ranges: k=0.444 to 0.648 (8-groups) and k=0.599 to 0.836 (6-groups)]. The yield strength of all hair groups was higher than reported for racially grouped samples. Curly hair groups had lower growth rates and tensile strengths. The TrichoScan based growth rate was for fastest for the straightest (0.72±0.3 cm/month) and slowest for the curliest (0.39 ± 0.2 cm/month) hair. No correlation with biochemistry was detected for either the 8 or 6-group classification, although a trend toward higher absorption of lipid (C-H) bands was noted for curly hair. A supervised statistical approach applied to 4 hair groups using the FTIR data improved classification success to 79% (range: 69% - 88%), which needs confirmation but would be more objective than using race for hair testing in Medicine and Forensic Science. This thesis supports a geometric classification with fewer groups (6, based kappa statistics and 4, based on biochemistry); it is also the first to report correlations between hair geometry, biochemistry and physical properties.

The highly optimized performance of nature’s creations and biological assemblies has inspired the development of their engineered counter parts that can potentially outperform conventional systems. In particular, bat wings are populated with air flow hair receptors which feedback the information about airflow over their surfaces for enhanced stability and maneuverability during their flight. The hairs in the bat wing membrane play a role in the maneuverability tasks, especially during low-speed flight. The developments of artificial hair sensors (AHS) are inspired by biological hair cells in aerodynamic feedback control designs. Current mathematical models for hair receptors are limited by strict simplifying assumptions of creeping flow hair Reynolds number on AHS fluid-structure interaction (FSI), which may be violated for hair structures integrated on small-scaled Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). This study motivates by an outstanding need to understand the dynamic response of hair receptors in flow regimes relevant to bat-scaled UAVs. The dynamic response of the hair receptor within the creeping flow environment is investigated at distinct freestream velocities to extend the applicability of AHS to a wider range of low Reynolds number platforms. Therefore, a threedimensional FSI model coupled with a finite element model using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is developed for a hair-structure and multiple hair-structures in the airflow. The Navier-Stokes equations including continuity equation are solved numerically for the CFD model. The grid independence of the FSI solution is studied from the simulations of the hairstructure mesh and flow mesh around the hair sensor. To describe the dynamic response of the hair receptors, the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the hair receptors, computed from the finite element model, are compared with the excitation frequencies in vacuum. This model is described with both the boundary layer effects and effects of inertial forces due to fluid-structure xiv interaction of the hair receptors. For supporting the FSI model, the dynamic response of the hair receptor is also validated considering the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory including the steady and unsteady airflow.

Content: Identification and classification of leather species becomes valuable and necessary due to concerns regarding consumer protection, product counterfeiting, and dispute settlement in the leather industry. Identification and classification of leather into species is carried out by histological examination or molecular analysis based on DNA. Manual method requires expertise, training and experience, and due to involvement of human judgment disputes are inevitable thus a need to automate the leather species identification. In the present investigation, an attempt has been made to automate leather species identification using machine learning techniques. A novel non-destructive leather species identification algorithm is proposed for the identification of cow, buffalo, goat and sheep leathers. Hair pore pattern was segmented efficiently using k-means clustering algorithm Significant features representing the unique characteristics of each species such as no.of hair pores, pore density, percent porosity, shape of the pores etc., were extracted. The generated features were used for training the Random forest classifier. Experimental results on the leather species image library database achieved an accuracy of 87 % using random forest as classifier, confirming the potentials of using the proposed system for automatic leather species classification. Take-Away: Novel technique to identify leather species Non destructive method Machine learning algorithms to automate leather species identification

Kvinnliga chefer är ett omdiskuterat ämne i samhället i relation till jämställdhet. Diskussionerna kring vad som bidragit under kvinnans resa för att lyckas nå chefspositioner kan beskrivas utifrån individuella egenskaper och olika organisatoriska faktorer. Utifrån en problemdiskussion landade vi in i studiens syfte som är att beskriva individuella egenskaper och organisationens bidrag till kvinnans resa till chefsposition. Studiens har genomförts via en kvalitativ datainsamling i form tre steg. Steg ett semistrukturerade intervjuer med kvinnlig chef. Steg två telefonintervju med kvinnlig chefs respektive samt steg tre uppföljning via mail med kvinnlig chef. Datainsamlingen ledde till en empirisk dataanalys som i sin tur bidrog till identifiering av individuella egenskaper i form av motivation, organisations kompetensförsörjning samt den kollektiva resan. Genom en analys resulterade de individuella egenskaper i form av motivation utifrån tre former som samspelar med varandra vilka är intern motivation, extern motivation och motivation som rörelse/energi. Samspelet vi identifierat är för att motivation skall uppstå krävs en rörelse/energi mellan individen och intern/extern motivation. Om bara en rörelse/energi finns men ingen riktning är utstakad ser vi att motivationen inte leder till ett resultat. Samt att organisationens kompetensförsörjning utifrån tre faser. Fas ett attrahera och rekrytera, fas två behålla och utveckla samt fas tre avveckla och omställning bidrar till kvinnans resa. Utifrån analysen resulterade det i svar på studiens syfte som visar att kvinnans individuella egenskaper i form av motivation tillsammans med organisationen kompetensförsörjning bidrar till kvinnans resa till chefsposition.
Female managers are a debated topic in society in relation to gender equality. The discussions about what contributed during the women's journey to succeed in reaching managerial positions can be described on the basis of individual characteristics and different organizational factors. From a problem discussion, we landed in the purpose of the study, which is to describe individual characteristics and the organization's contribution to the women's journey to managerial position. The study has been conducted through a qualitative data collection in form of three steps. Step one semi-structured interviews with female managers. Step two telephone interview with female managers partner and step three follow-up by mail with female managers. The data collection led to an analysis, which in turn contributed to the identification of individual characteristics in the form of motivation, organizational competence provision and the collective journey. Through an analysis, the individual characteristics resulted in motivation based on three forms that interact with each other which are internal motivation, external motivation and motivation as movement/energy. The interaction we have identified is that for motivation to arise, a movement/energy between the individual and internal/external motivation is required. If only movement/energy exists but no direction is outlined, we see that motivation doesn´t lead to a result. And that the organization's competence provision is based on three phases. Phase one is attracting and recruiting, phase two retaining and developing and phase three dismantling and conversion contributing to the women's journey. Based on the analysis, it resulted to the study's purpose which show that the women's individual characteristics in the form of motivation together with the organization's competence provision contribute to the women's journey to the managerial position.

Artistyrket tycks ha genomgått en förändring på grund av digitaliseringen. Förändrade förutsättningar tycks ha gett artistyrket en mer entreprenörspräglad sida där ansvaret över sin karriär har ökat hos artister. Studien har en utgångspunkt i fenomenet självledarskap samt vilken roll självledarskapet spelar för artister, och vi besvarar frågan: På vilka sätt kan självledarskap vara en fördel i artisters karriärer? Syftet med studien är således att undersöka vilken positivt bidragande roll självledarskap har i artisters karriärer. Studien har en kvalitativ deduktiv ansats med utgångspunkt i teorier kring självledarskap och motivation. Data är insamlad med hjälp av strukturerade intervjuer med etablerade artister med frågor baserade på teorierna. Genom dessa intervjuer kunde vi se att en rad egenskaper hos artisterna som tyder på att olika typer av självledarskap är till fördel i en artists karriär. Slutsatsen landar i en modell över vad vi såg vara de viktigaste rollerna som självledarskap har till fördel för artister.
The artist profession seems to have undergone a change due to the digitization. Changed conditions seem to have given the artist profession a more entrepreneurial side where the responsibility for their career has increased. The study has a starting point in the phenomenon of self-leadership and what role self-leadership plays for artists, and we answer the question: In which ways can self-leadership be an advantage in an artist’s career? The purpose with this study is therefore to examine what positive contributing roles self-leadership has on artist’s careers. The study has a qualitative deductive approach based on theories of self- leadership and motivation. Data is collected using structured interviews with established artists with questions based on the theories. Through these interviews we found some characteristics among the artists that suggests that some specific kinds of self-leadership are an advantage for an artist’s career. The conclusion in the study lands in a model of what we saw were the most important roles that self-leadership has for artists.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior
InformaÃÃes sobre aspectos fisiolÃgicos reprodutivos da raÃa Morada Nova, especialmente para os machos, ainda sÃo escassas e a falta destes conhecimentos torna-se um empecilho para aplicaÃÃo de melhores estratÃgias de manejo e biotÃcnicas reprodutivas. Baseado nisto, este estudo teve como objetivos descrever as caracterÃsticas biomÃtricas do aparelho reprodutivo em ovinos Morada Nova e os aspectos quanti-qualitativos da espermatogÃnese e correlacionÃ-los, bem como caracterizar os mapas eletroforÃticos das proteÃnas do plasma seminal destes animais. Foi realizada coleta de sÃmen, por meio de eletroejaculaÃÃo em 15 ovinos da raÃa Morada Nova, dos quais apenas 12 responderam. As amostras de sÃmen foram centrifugadas para separaÃÃo do plasma seminal, onde este foi utilizado na determinaÃÃo da concentraÃÃo protÃica total e do perfil protÃico atravÃs de eletroforese desnaturante em gel de poliacrilamida (SDS-PAGE). Os dados biomÃtricos foram obtidos a partir dos testÃculos, epidÃdimos e das glÃndulas sexuais acessÃrias do grupo de 15 animais que foram abatidos com idade mÃdia de 42 semanas e peso vivo mÃdio de 28 kg. Imediatamente antes do abate, foi tomada a medida de circunferÃncia escrotal (CE) de cada animal. Em seguida, os testÃculos, epidÃdimos e glÃndulas sexuais acessÃrias foram pesados e mensurados individualmente (direito e esquerdo). Amostras dos testÃculos foram fixadas em fluido de Bouin para avaliaÃÃo dos tÃbulos seminÃferos. O parÃnquima testicular foi avaliado quanto ao diÃmetro (DT), volume (VT) e comprimento dos tÃbulos seminÃferos, altura do epitÃlio germinativo (AE) e populaÃÃo de cÃlulas de Sertoli e germinativas. A proporÃÃo do parÃnquima testicular ocupado por tÃbulos seminÃferos foi o equivalente a 84,8  0,1%. O rendimento geral da espermatogÃnese foi de 59,8  3,73 cÃlulas. Cada cÃlula de Sertoli (CS) foi capaz de sustentar 7,7  0,51 espermÃtides arredondadas. Foram realizadas anÃlises de correlaÃÃo de Pearson (p < 0.05) entre as caracterÃsticas estudadas e as variÃveis foram descritas na forma de mÃdias e respectivos erros-padrÃo atravÃs do programa estatÃstico StatView, 5.0 (SAS, 2003). Nenhuma diferenÃa foi detectada entre os valores direito e esquerdo para nenhum dos parÃmetros testiculares, epididimÃrios ou das glÃndulas sexuais acessÃrias. CorrelaÃÃes significativas foram verificadas entre peso e as demais medidas testiculares: comprimento (CT), diÃmetro (DT) e volume do parÃnquima (VPar) e outras medidas do aparelho reprodutor como peso (PEp) e comprimento total (CEp) do epidÃdimo e comprimento do corpo do epidÃdimo (CCorpEp). O peso e diÃmetro testicular, mostraram-se indicadores da funÃÃo reprodutiva do carneiro estando correlacionado com todas as variÃveis histolÃgicas descritas. Com relaÃÃo à anÃlise eletroforÃtica bidimensional, um total de 103 spots foram identificados, estando 45 destes presentes em todos os gÃis, os spots presente indicam a presenÃa de proteÃnas importantes do plasma seminal. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, as medidas das gÃnadas apresentaram correlaÃÃes com as demais estruturas do trato reprodutivo e atividade espermatogÃnica, e os mapas eletroforÃticos do fluido seminal mostraram-se semelhantes aos de ovinos Santa InÃs adultos.
Information on the reproductive physiological aspects about Morada Nova breed, especially for males, are still few and the lack of knowledge about that becomes a hindrance to implementation best management strategies and reproductive biotechnologies, based on this, this study aimed to describe the biometric characteristics of the reproductive tract in Morada Nova sheep as well as quantitative and qualitative aspects of spermato genesis and correlate them, and to characterize the electrophoretic maps of the seminal plasma of these animals. Semen was collected by electroejaculation in 15 male sheep of the Morada Nova breed, of which only 12 responded. The samples were centrifuged, for separation of seminal plasma , where it was used to determine of total protein concentration and protein profile by denaturing electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel (SDS - PAGE). Biometric data were obtained from the testicles, epididymis and accessory s ex glands of the group of 15 animals that were slaughtered with an average age of 42 weeks and average weight of 28 kg. Immediately before slaughter, was taken to measure scrotal circumference (SC) of each animal . Then , the testicles, epididymis and access ory sex glands were weighed and measured individually (left and right). Testicles samples were fixed in Bouin's fluid for evaluation of seminiferous tubules. The testicular parenchyma was evaluated for diameter (TD), volume (VT) and length of seminiferous tubules, germinal epithelium height (EA) and a population of Sertoli cells and germinal cells. The proportion of testicular parenchyma occupied by seminiferous tubules was equivalent to 84.8 Â 0.1%. The overall yield of spermatogenesis was 59.8 Â 3.73 cell s. Each Sertoli cell (SC) was able to sustain 7.7 Â 0.51 round spermatids. Were realized analyses using Pearson correlation (p <0.05) between the studied characteristics and the variables were described as means and their respective standard errors using t he statistical program Statview, 5.0 (SAS, 2003). No difference was detected between the left and right values for any of the testicular parameters, epididymal and accessory sex glands. Significant correlations were found between weight and other measures testicle: length (TL), diameter (TD) and volume of parenchyma (VPAR) and other measures of reproductive tract as weight (PEP) and total length of the epididymis (TLE) and of body of the epididymis (LBEp). The testicular weight and diameter, were indicators of the reproductive function of the ram was correlated with all histologic described. For electrophoresis analysis, a total of 103 spots were identified, 45 these being present in all gels, and these spots presents in gel indicate the presence of importan t proteins in the seminal plasma. According to the results, measures of gonads showed correlations with the other structures of the reproductive tract and spermatogenic activity, and electrophoretic maps of seminal fluid were similar to Santa InÃs sheep ad ults.

碩士
中國文化大學
生活應用科學研究所
97
Abstract The objectives of this research were to study the correlations among work place characteristics, job congruence and turnover intention of hair salon assistants. The assistants from four large hair salon chain stores located in Taipei area were selected for test. Those who met with the terms of purposive sampling were followed by the questionnaire survey. Among 450 questionnaires, 419 were effective, it means 93% effective. The research instruments consisted of 3 designed measurable scales – work place characteristics scale, job congruence scale and turnover intention scale. All collected data were statistically analyzed by percentage, means, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson covariance correlation analysis, and multiple regression using SPSS. The results of hypothesis testing are as follows: 1. Current status of “individual background variables” Assistants of female, school-industry cooperation, age of 19 to 20, and high school or vocational school with related majors were higher than those of male, general school, other ages and other educations. Assistants’ positions are mostly in middle level. Moreover, total working duration and average monthly salary of the assistant-level employees were 3- 4 years and NT $10,001- 15,000, respectively. The insufficient average monthly salary was shown in the scale of salary. 2. Differences between “individual background variables” from work place characteristics” The distinguished differences of work place characteristics were observed for the individual background variables, including sex, education, student types, positions, total working duration, and average monthly salary. 3. Differences between “individual background variables” from “job congruence” The distinguished differences of job congruence were shown for the individual background variables, including age, education, student types, related majors, positions, total working duration, working years in this salon and average monthly salary. 4. Differences between “individual background variables” from “turnover intentions” The distinguished differences of turnover intention were calculated for the individual background variables, including sex, positions, total working duration and average monthly salary. 5. There are correlations between “work place characteristics” and “job congruence” The assistants with higher evaluation to work place characteristics have the higher job congruence . 6. The prediction of “work place characteristics” and “job congruence” to “turnover intention” (1)The job functions, work partners, salary, satisfaction at interrelations with others and self-fulfillment of work place characteristics have obvious prediction to turnover intention. (2)The satisfaction at interrelations with others and self- fulfillment of job congruence could obviously predict turnover intention. (3)The higher the awareness of work place characteristics and job congruence is, the lower turnover intention is. The turnover intention could be effectively predicted by both work place characteristics and job congruence.

Numerous studies have described that physical traits correlate with psychological personal characteristics. However, associations between congenital hair characteristics and personality have not been studied yet. Such studies have focused only on the association of hair color with a few specific psychological characteristics or emotions. The aim of this study was to reveal whether people with different hair darkness, redheadedness or curliness vary in personality and sexual traits. We have found significant connection of these traits with hair darkness and especially with redheadedness and curliness for men and women. These hair characteristics were associated with self-rated personality characteristics, Big Five personality traits and sexual orientation and preferences. We have excluded the mediating role of some physical and psychological factors for many associations. However, in many cases the connections disappeared when controlling for these factors, thus there is a possibility of a mediating role of these factors in observed associations. The hypothesis concerning the effect of stereotypes based on different types of hair and self-fulfilling prophecy was also considered.

yes
Background: The incidence of self-reported premature hair graying (PHG) seems to be on the rise. PHG has a profound impact on the patient's quality of life. It remains an incompletely understood etiology with limited and modest treatment options. Aim: The evaluation of the demographic and clinical profile of patients with premature canities, and exploration of the association of this entity with certain systemic disorders suspected to be related to its etiology. Methods: Seventy-one cases of premature canities (onset noticed by patients before 25 years of age) presenting to an urban skin clinic in Gurugram, India, between September 2012 and September 2015 with this complaint were retrospectively analyzed. The patient records were retrieved that provided details of the onset, duration and pattern of involvement, history, and examination findings (scalp, cutis, and general physical). Since all these patients had been screened for anemia, thyroid disorder, fasting blood glucose, and Vitamin B12 levels at the time of presentation, these parameters were also available for analysis. Results: The mean age at onset of graying was 10.2 ± 3.6 years (range: 5–19 years), with an almost equal gender distribution. The earliest age of onset recorded was 5 years. A positive family history of PHG (at least one of the biological parents or siblings) was obtained in 64 (90.1%) of the cases. The temporal regions of the scalp (35.2%) were most commonly involved followed by the frontal region (18.3%). Hypovitaminosis B12 and hypothyroidism showed significant association with the disorder, whereas anemia, serum ferritin, and fasting blood glucose did not. Conclusion: The age of onset of hair graying can be as low as 5 years. Temporal and frontal areas are the most commonly involved sites. A strong family history, Vitamin B12 deficiency, and hypothyroidism are strongly associated with PHG. Larger case–control studies are mandated for discerning the correlation of these and other risk factors with PHG.

碩士
逢甲大學
水利工程與資源保育研究所
98
Constructed wetlands were widely applied for water purification, ecosystem and landscape rehabilitation, flood mitigation and so on. Urban sewer systems are planning and constructing, hence properly designed, constructed, maintained and managed wetlands can provide very efficient treatment of animal wastewater. Accordingly, constructed wetlands for removing contaminants are frequently established at floodplain or upland within stream corridor; and water quality improvement throughout overland flows and vegetations is significant. No matter which kind of wetlands would be surely functioned well, two main methodologies are necessary to study: hydrology-driven approach and ecology-driven approach. The ecosystem could be a sign for wetlands’ healthy, and also be an important disturbance factor for hydrology-driven regime in constructed wetlands. Besides, hydraulic efficiency of treatment constructed wetlands is an important factor. This study applies tracer test to analyze hydraulic retention time and short-circuiting which could be an important reference for maintenance and improvement of constructed wetlands.Furthermore, SMS model is adopted to simulate the dead-zone, flow field and improvement from modification.

碩士
東海大學
景觀學系
105
Donghai bie shu shopping district awards recognition to its outstanding living environment in the early years, but along the development during these years it does not seem to be a comfortable place to live as the early years. This research is about using the perspective of user at Donghai bie shu shopping district to find out how the changing of Donghai bie shu shopping district affects genius loci in two parts, directionality, outward and use value. The first theory concept is from the interpretation that Christian Norberg-schulz make to genius loci, which directionality and outward decide the environmental characteristics. The second theory concept is from the idea Martin Heidegger announced, the relation between user and object. According to these two opinions, literature reviewing, field observing and interviewing with the questionnaire from qualitative research show that Donghai bie shu shopping district is influenced of the building cortex and the values of users, which affected the preferences of the users of Donghai bie shu shopping district. The study result shows the difference of what it express to people between the early years and now at Donghai bie shu shopping district. Image at Donghai bie shu shopping district tend to be shops, stores, stalls, advertisement bars and elements which build more connection with the user at Donghai bie shu shopping district and so does the features of unsegment. Compare the further with the recent situation at Donghai bie shu shopping district shows that decreasing of characterize may cause the users at Donghai bie shu shopping district hard to aware the genius loci.