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Journal articles on the topic 'Halford j. mackinder'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 22 February 2023

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1

Kotoulas, Ioannis. "Bibliography of Halford J. MacKinder’s Works." Kwartalnik "Bellona" 704, no. 1 (April 30, 2021): 105–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.8643.

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The British geographer Sir Halford John Mackinder (1861–1947) is considered a key figure in the formulation of Classical Geopolitics, a disciple developed out of Geography and emphasizing the relation of geographical data and power distribution in international relations. Mackinder’s work includes original contributions to the fields of Geography, especially Physical Geography and Regional Geography, with special illuminations on Orography. Mackinder himself participated in field explorations in Eastern Africa. Mackinder’s terminology and thematic loci, such as the ‘pivot area’/ ‘Heartland’ and ‘World-Island’ formed the basis for Classical Geopolitics as a distinct methodological view and influenced many writers; through their elaboration Mackinder’s views contributed to the geostrategic outlook of Western powers after WWII. The article presents a complete Bibliography of Mackinder’s work with full documentation and shows the development and evolution of Mackinder’s scholarly thoughts and interests over time. Mackinder was a prolific writer; in total, he wrote 17 books and monographs, six syllabi for university purposes, 73 articles including his reports on the development of Geography at Oxford University and his field reports, as well as two Prologues in other writers’ books, nine newspaper opinion articles, eight speeches and addresses during special events of academia and 27 discussions and reviews of other writers’ work. He also contributed to five orographical maps.

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2

Dawson, Marc H. "The Many Minds of Sir Halford J. Mackinder: Dilemmas of Historical Editing." History in Africa 14 (1987): 27–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3171831.

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While doing research in Rhodes House Library I cam across a magnificently detailed description of parts of Kikuyuland in 1899 in the travel notebooks of Sir Halford John Mackinder. In this work Mackinder recounted his expedition's successful effort to be the first recorded group to ascend Mount Kenya. He is also one of the few travelers to leave a detailed account of this area for the nineteenth century. Furthermore, I discovered he had compiled a typescript of his notebooks clearly intended for possible publication. I did not compare the two closely at the time, as I relied on the notebooks, but when the African Studies Association announced a program to publish valuable unpublished primary sources, I immediately thought of Mackinder's work as being an important unpublished source for central Kenyan History. Here I discuss some of the implications of that thought that I have so far discovered.Mackinder (1861–1947) was one of the intellectual founders of modern political geography. He read both natural science and modern history as a student at Christ Church College, Oxford and went on to study law and qualify as a barrister in London. Mackinder also traveled widely in 1885 as part of the Oxford extension movement, lecturing on his ideas concerning a “new geography.” He believed that there was a growing rift between the natural sciences and the humanities and that geography could act as a bridge between the two. Physical geography could aid in understanding and explaining human activities.

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3

BLOUET, BRIAN W. "The imperial vision of Halford Mackinder." Geographical Journal 170, no. 4 (December 2004): 322–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0016-7398.2004.00133.x.

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4

Knutsen, Torbjorn L. "Halford J. Mackinder, Geopolitics, and the Heartland Thesis." International History Review 36, no. 5 (July 29, 2014): 835–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07075332.2014.941904.

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5

Sloan, Geoffrey. "Sir Halford J. Mackinder: The Heartland theory then and now." Journal of Strategic Studies 22, no. 2-3 (June 1999): 15–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01402399908437752.

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6

Travis, Charles. "Geopolitics and empire: the legacy of halford mackinder. kearns, gerry." Geografiska Annaler: Series B, Human Geography 94, no. 2 (June 2012): 195–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0467.2012.00404.x.

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7

Hughes, R. Gerald, and Jesse Heley. "Between Man and Nature: The Enduring Wisdom of Sir Halford J. Mackinder." Journal of Strategic Studies 38, no. 6 (June 8, 2015): 898–935. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01402390.2015.1021037.

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8

Aslam, Aneesa, and Ayesha Shaikh. "Re-navigating the Geopolitical Pivot: China in the Arctic-Heartland." Global Affairs Review 2, no. 2 (December 28, 2021): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.51330/gar.0020223.

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Halford J. Mackinder cautioned the world that if a great industrial power manages to rule over the Heartland, it will govern the world. The 21st century is marked by the resurgence of his classical geopolitical thought. Global warming has rendered the Arctic navigable, altering the dynamics of the Heartland and world organisms at large, but now the caution comes from the Arctic. Mackinder's assertion that China, as a great industrial power, has developed its Arctic strategy for a Polar Silk Road to pursue its determined interests in the Arctic-Heartland. To further strengthen its position in the region, it has forged a cooperative alliance with Russia, one of the biggest Arctic states. Chinese interest in the region and the Strategic Russo-Chinese Alliance to develop the Polar Silk Road along the Northern Sea Route is a matter of grave concern for the world at large: for whoever rules over the Heartland, governs the world.

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9

DODDS, KLAUS, and JAMES D. SIDAWAY. "Halford Mackinder and the 'geographical pivot of history': a centennial retrospective." Geographical Journal 170, no. 4 (December 2004): 292–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0016-7398.2004.00131.x.

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10

Hugill, Peter J. "Geopolitics and Empire: The Legacy of Halford Mackinder. By Gerry Kearns." Geographical Review 101, no. 2 (April 1, 2011): 285–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1931-0846.2011.00092.x.

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11

Page, Arnaud. "Un « pivot » inamovible ? Genèse(s) et usages du Heartland de Halford J. Mackinder." Outre-Terre N° 48, no. 3 (2016): 357. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/oute1.048.0357.

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12

MEGORAN, NICK. "Revisiting the 'pivot': the influence of Halford Mackinder on analysis of Uzbekistan's international relations." Geographical Journal 170, no. 4 (December 2004): 347–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0016-7398.2004.00136.x.

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13

Kearns, Gerry. "The Imperial Subject: Geography and Travel in the Work of Mary Kingsley and Halford Mackinder." Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 22, no. 4 (December 1997): 450–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0020-2754.1997.00450.x.

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14

Mitchell, Martin D. "Using the principles of Halford J. Mackinder and Nicholas John Spykman to reevaluate a twenty-first-century geopolitical framework for the United States." Comparative Strategy 39, no. 5 (September 2, 2020): 407–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01495933.2020.1803709.

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15

Oliveira, Marianna. "Geopolitical aspects of navigation front of the Arctic in the XXI century: strategic routes for Russia and China." Polylogos 5, no. 4 (18) (2021): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s258770110010380-0.

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The 21st century is marked by changes in matters of power balancing and system polarity, which could be explained by Geopolitical theories. In this paper, we intend to investigate how the classical Geopolitical theories – such as the Heartland/Pivot Area theory, wrote down by Halford J. Mackinder, and the Sea Power theory, wrote down by Alfred T. Mahan – could be faced and readapted amid the new settles of strategic routes and military development needs, brought by the ice-melting of the Arctic Ocean. The study cases will concentrate on Russia and China, due to their recent investments in the opening of new strategic routes for navigation and trade, including the Arctic routes, demanding inputs on technologies, transport innovation, and military emulation. Working on a qualitative method, with analysis of primary sources (such as government documents on strategies for the Arctic), and secondary sources (such as books, articles, interviews and other published materials on the topic), we hypothesize that: (i) the classical theories never predicted the ice-melting of the Arctic Ocean, perceiving it as a natural shield, and not as a navigable pathway; (ii) that the Arctic defrosting opens up new strategic routes for other countries besides Russia and China, like Canada and the United States, emerging a new conflict spot due to their different interests around this opportunity. Based on that, the preliminary results point out that: (i) it is not possible to apply the classical theories of geopolitics to these new configurations of the international system, without at least a reinterpretation/readaptation to the current context, which would alter all the power dynamics predicted by its authors; (ii) Russia and China are readequating themselves to this new scenario, in order to gain some advantages in a hypothetical dispute for the Arctic control.

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16

Megoran, Nick, Sevara Sharapova, and Alisher Faizullaev. "Halford Mackinder's 'Heartland'- a Help or Hindrance?. Tashkent, 2-3 December 2004." Geographical Journal 171, no. 2 (June 2005): 171–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4959.2005.00158.x.

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17

Ganchev, Ivo. "A Reflexive Critique of Inter-paradigm Divisions in International Relations Theory: On Anarchy, Hierarchy and Pre-1919 Theory." International Studies, June 8, 2022, 002088172211020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00208817221102050.

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This article begins by re-opening the Third Great Debate which established division lines between mainstream (realist/liberal/constructivist) and Critical (neo-Marxist/neo-Gramscian) theories of International Relations based on their different assumptions about the nature of the international system: anarchy and hierarchy, respectively. The first half of the article argues that adopting common definitions of these concepts makes the anarchy–hierarchy debate theoretically irresolvable and further demonstrates that mainstream and Critical theories do not share an understanding of these terms neither between, nor within, their own traditions. The second half of this article challenges and aims to correct the interpretation of three key political thinkers, Halford J. Mackinder, W. E. B. DuBois and Norman Angell as appropriated within the inter-paradigm debates of International Relations. It argues that the respective associations of these thinkers with early realism, critical theories and early liberalism are intellectually misguiding because their works exhibit a common understanding of the ‘international’ across macro- and micro-dimensions, which is uncharacteristic of ‘-isms’. This shows that popular interpretations of pre-1919 works through post-1919 paradigms can obscure more than they reveal. These findings do not seek to present new ideas but to produce a reflexive critique of IR which illuminates some, perhaps unintended, counter-productive systemic effects that inter-paradigm divisions can have on the discipline.

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