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1
Niikawa, Takuya. "Naïve Realism and the Conception of Hallucination as Non-Sensory Phenomena." Disputatio 9, no. 46 (November 27, 2017): 353–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/disp-2017-0010.
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Abstract In defence of naïve realism, Fish has advocated an eliminativist view of hallucination, according to which hallucinations lack visual phenomenology. Logue, and Dokic and Martin, respectively, have developed the eliminativist view in different manners. Logue claims that hallucination is a non-phenomenal, perceptual representational state. Dokic and Martin maintain that hallucinations consist in the confusion of monitoring mechanisms, which generates an affective feeling in the hallucinating subject. This paper aims to critically examine these views of hallucination. By doing so, I shall point out what theoretical requirements are imposed on naïve realists who characterize hallucinations as non-visual-sensory phenomena.
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Varese, F., E. Barkus, and R. P. Bentall. "Dissociation mediates the relationship between childhood trauma and hallucination-proneness." Psychological Medicine 42, no. 5 (September 6, 2011): 1025–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291711001826.
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BackgroundIt has been proposed that the relationship between childhood trauma and hallucinations can be explained by dissociative processes. The present study examined whether the effect of childhood trauma on hallucination-proneness is mediated by dissociative tendencies. In addition, the influence of dissociative symptoms on a cognitive process believed to underlie hallucinatory experiences (i.e. reality discrimination; the capacity to discriminate between internal and external cognitive events) was also investigated.MethodPatients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (n=45) and healthy controls (with no history of hallucinations;n=20) completed questionnaire measures of hallucination-proneness, dissociative tendencies and childhood trauma, as well as performing an auditory signal detection task.ResultsCompared to both healthy and non-hallucinating clinical controls, hallucinating patients reported both significantly higher dissociative tendencies and childhood sexual abuse. Dissociation positively mediated the effect of childhood trauma on hallucination-proneness. This mediational role was particularly robust for sexual abuse over other types of trauma. Signal detection abnormalities were evident in hallucinating patients and patients with a history of hallucinations, but were not associated with pathological dissociative symptoms.ConclusionsThese results are consistent with dissociative accounts of the trauma-hallucinations link. Dissociation, however, does not affect reality discrimination. Future research should examine whether other cognitive processes associated with both dissociative states and hallucinations (e.g. deficits in cognitive inhibition) may explain the relationship between dissociation and hallucinatory experiences.
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de Haan, S. "Philosophical Interpretations and Existential Effects of Hallucinations." European Psychiatry 24, S1 (January 2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)70386-4.
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Within philosophy, hallucinations have served as a paradigmatic test-case for epistemology in general and for theories of perception in particular. The differentiation of hallucinations from “real-life-perception” poses some interesting problems. Here, I will focus on two opposing views: first the view of hallucination as a failure of a metacognitive ability, and second a phenomenologically based view of hallucinations as a disturbance of experiential world-directedness.Our theoretical understanding of hallucinations however, should take the highly unsettling existential effects on the patients themselves into account as well. As one admits to have experienced a hallucination, this calls into question one's entire capability of perception in general. For how can one be sure not to be hallucinating again? The loss of a basic trust in one's own senses can be so stressful as to aggravate the existing symptoms. These existential effects show that perception cannot be taken as a singular faculty and strengthen the phenomenological approach to hallucinations.
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Brébion, G., A. S. David, R. A. Bressan, R. I. Ohlsen, and L. S. Pilowsky. "Hallucinations and two types of free-recall intrusion in schizophrenia." Psychological Medicine 39, no. 6 (December 11, 2008): 917–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291708004819.
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BackgroundPrevious research has demonstrated that various types of verbal source memory error are associated with positive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. Notably, intrusions in free recall have been associated with hallucinations and delusions. We tested the hypothesis that extra-list intrusions, assumed to arise from poor monitoring of internally generated words, are associated with verbal hallucinations and that intra-list intrusions are associated with global hallucination scores.MethodA sample of 41 patients with schizophrenia was administered four lists of words, followed by free recall. The number of correctly recalled words and the number of extra- and intra-list intrusions were tallied.ResultsThe verbal hallucination score was significantly correlated with the number of extra-list intrusions, whereas it was unrelated to the number of correctly recalled words. The number of intra-list intrusions was significantly correlated with the global, but not with the verbal, hallucination score in the subsample of hallucinating patients. It was marginally significantly correlated with the delusion score in delusional patients.ConclusionsThe data corroborate the view that verbal hallucinations are linked to defective monitoring of internal speech, and that errors in context processing are involved in hallucinations and delusions.
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Cleghorn, J. M., E. S. Garnett, C. Nahmias, G. M. Brown, R. D. Kaplan, H. Szechtman, B. Szechtman, S. Franco, S. W. Dermer, and P. Cook. "Regional Brain Metabolism During Auditory Hallucinations in Chronic Schizophrenia." British Journal of Psychiatry 157, no. 4 (October 1990): 562–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.157.4.562.
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Regions of the brain involved in language and attention were studied using [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose in PET. In nine chronic DSM–III schizophrenic patients who had persistent auditory hallucinations, ten who had recovered from hallucinations and ten normal controls. In none of the regions examined was metabolic activity significantly different in hallucinating patients compared with that in other groups. However, a pattern of seven significant correlations of metabolic activity between language regions and between frontal and parietal cortex characterised the hallucinating but not the other groups. Three of the seven correlations were significantly greater in hallucinating patients than in the two other groups, and six were greater in hallucinating patients than controls. Metabolism in Broca's region and its right-hemisphere homologue correlated positively and significantly in the hallucinating group, as it did in anterior cingulate and left superior temporal areas, and in right frontal and parietal areas. Hallucination ratings correlated with metabolism in the anterior cingulate region.
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Hoffman, Ralph E., Brian Pittman, R. Todd Constable, Zubin Bhagwagar, and Michelle Hampson. "Time course of regional brain activity accompanying auditory verbal hallucinations in schizophrenia." British Journal of Psychiatry 198, no. 4 (April 2011): 277–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.110.086835.
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BackgroundThe pathophysiology of auditory verbal hallucinations remains poorly understood.AimsTo characterise the time course of regional brain activity leading to auditory verbal hallucinations.MethodDuring functional magnetic resonance imaging, 11 patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder signalled auditory verbal hallucination events by pressing a button. To control for effects of motor behaviour, regional activity associated with hallucination events was scaled against corresponding activity arising from random button-presses produced by 10 patients who did not experience hallucinations.ResultsImmediately prior to the hallucinations, motor-adjusted activity in the left inferior frontal gyrus was significantly greater than corresponding activity in the right inferior frontal gyrus. In contrast, motor-adjusted activity in a right posterior temporal region overshadowed corresponding activity in the left homologous temporal region. Robustly elevated motor-adjusted activity in the left temporal region associated with auditory verbal hallucinations was also detected, but only subsequent to hallucination events. At the earliest time shift studied, the correlation between left inferior frontal gyrus and right temporal activity was significantly higher for the hallucination group compared with non-hallucinating patients.ConclusionsFindings suggest that heightened functional coupling between the left inferior frontal gyrus and right temporal regions leads to coactivation in these speech processing regions that is hallucinogenic. Delayed left temporal activation may reflect impaired corollary discharge contributing to source misattribution of resulting verbal images.
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Yang, Chunhui, Jasir T. Nayati, Khurram Janjua, Asma Ahmed, Angela Rekhi, and Alan R. Hirsch. "119 Refraction Focus Hallucination: The Role of Increased Excitation at Thalamus in Complex Visual Hallucination." CNS Spectrums 23, no. 1 (February 2018): 75–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852918000172.
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AbstractStudy Objective(s)The pathogenesis of complex visual hallucination in patients without visual lesions, appearing with eyes open and resolving with eyes closed, has been described to be associated with increased excitation at the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and pulvinar of the thalamus (Winton-Brown, 2016). This reduces thefidelity of retinogeniculate transmissions and enhances aberrant projections to the visual cortex. Loss of the central sensory filtering function of the pulvinar increases “signal to noise ratio” in visual transmission. While visual hallucinations have been reported to disappear on eye closure (Manford, 1998), visual aberration with correction with refractionfollowed by focusing on actual visual images and visual hallucinations has not heretofore been reported. Such a case is presented.MethodCase study: This 28-year-old, myopic, right-handed man, at 5 years of age began hallucinating vivid images of people. The visual hallucinations were triggered only with his eye open. He was myopic and without visual correction, his visual sphere would be blurred. The visual hallucinations were also blurred without visual correction. With refraction, the hallucinations became clearly in focus. He would close his eyes and the visual hallucinations disappeared but would reappear in the same position upon opening his eyes. For over 20 years, he experienced about 100 hallucinations a day. Electroencephalography (EEG) revealed continuous spikes and slow waves in bilateral temporal lobes, consistent with temporal lobe status epilepticus. After treatment with diphenylhydantoin the frequency and duration of the hallucinations markedly decreased to a second epoch every other day. However, the characteristic of the hallucinations remained the same (people).ResultsThis phenomenon may involve epilepsy induced excitation of the thalamus. This then acts to reduce the fidelity of retinogeniculate transmission and increase “signal to noise ratio” in visual transmission. This may contribute to complex visual hallucinations with eyes open. The hallucinated figures becoming clearer with eyeglasses provides support that this complex hallucination arises in the pathway from retina-LGN-cortex, not from stored visual associated cortex of top-down cortical release.ConclusionsGiven the above, those with visual hallucinations should be queried as to the influence of refraction on the clarity of hallucination.FundingNo funding.
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Hardi, Aswin. "KAJIAN LITERATUR SISTEMIK : TEKNOLOGI DIGITAL DALAM MENILAI HALUSINASI." Coping: Community of Publishing in Nursing 9, no. 6 (December 30, 2021): 637. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/coping.2021.v09.i06.p02.
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In serving patients, especially patients with psychotic disorders, nurses are faced with situations where patients experience hallucinations. Severe hallucinatory behavior is sometimes easily assessed, but the symptoms of hallucinations are vague and mild, sometimes escape observation. Digital technology developed both audio and visual as well as Virtual Reality can quickly assess the appearance of hallucinatory symptoms, monitor hallucinatory behavior, thereby preventing hallucinations from becoming severe and preventing recurrence. Finally, the patient can get past the hallucinations that appear, and it is easy for the family to seek medical care as soon as possible if they know the behavior of the patient who is experiencing hallucinations early. This literature review aims to describe the development of digital technology in the assessment of hallucinations. This study uses a literature review method. The databases used are ScienceDirect, Scopus, Spingerlink and Oxford Journals. Articles with several keywords, such as hallucinations assessment, hallucinations, hallucinations assessment digital technology. The use of digital technology in assessing hallucinations can improve the quality of care. Further development in digital technology is needed to assess hallucinatory symptoms.
Keywords : hallucination, “hallucination assessment”, “hallucination assessment digital technology”
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Brederoo, Sanne G., Janna N. de Boer, Mascha M. J. Linszen, Renske E. Blom, Marieke J. H. Begemann, and Iris E. C. Sommer. "Social Deafferentation and the Relation Between Loneliness and Hallucinations." Schizophrenia Bulletin 49, Supplement_1 (February 24, 2023): S25—S32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbac064.
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Abstract Background and Hypothesis The social deafferentation hypothesis (SDA) has been proposed as an explanatory mechanism of hallucinations, based on the theory that social withdrawal triggers the initial phase of schizophrenia. The current study tests the SDA by assessing how loneliness is associated with different types of hallucinations. Under the SDA, increased loneliness is hypothesized to affect the occurrence of hallucinations that carry social meaning, but not of nonsocial hallucinations. Study Design As part of an online survey, 2038 adolescents and young adults from the general population (median age 21 years; 75% female) filled out the Questionnaire for Psychotic Experiences, and the shortened De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale. Binomial logistic regression was used to investigate the effects of loneliness severity on past month prevalence of hallucinations, and on the presence of social versus nonsocial hallucinations. Study Results Loneliness increased the prevalence of hallucinations across modalities in the past month. Moreover, stronger degree of loneliness increased the likelihood of hearing voices or laughter, and of hallucinating being touched. Conversely, loneliness decreased the likelihood of experiencing the nonsocial hallucination of a tingling feeling. As expected, loneliness did not increase the prevalence of experiencing nonsocial hallucinations. Surprisingly, neither was loneliness associated with experiencing felt presence. Conclusions Our results are novel in showing that loneliness specifically increases the likelihood of hearing human sounds such as voices or laughter, or feeling a human touch. Hallucinations without social meaning were not more likely to be experienced with increasing loneliness. This forms a confirmation of the SDA.
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Adhikari, Baikuntha Raj, S. Mishra, S. Nepal, and N. Sapkota. "Psychotic symptoms in bipolar disorder: Two years’ retrospective study." Health Renaissance 13, no. 1 (August 6, 2017): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hren.v13i1.17947.
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Background: Psychosis in bipolar disorder is common but still not well understood. There is paucity of literature from our country and none from this institute which serves the eastern part of Nepal.Objective: To describe the hallucinations and delusions in bipolar disorders in our place.Methods: Patients-record files of bipolar disorders with psychosis discharged in two years’ time from 2012 to 2014 were analysed. Patients with unipolar depression, recurrent depressive disorder, serious organic illness, and primary substance use disorders were excluded. Information was collected in a structured performa. Association of delusion and hallucination was observed.Results: During the study period, ninety-five patients with bipolardisorder had psychosis. Hallucination was present in 29 (30.5%) cases, and out of these 23 (79.3%) were cases of mania. In 26 (89.7%) patients, the hallucinations were mood congruent. The median duration of appearance of hallucination was 10 days and appeared early in mania. Among hallucinations, auditory verbal hallucinations were present in all 29 patients. Delusions were present in 77 (81.1%) of patients, and grandiose delusions were the most common. Grandiose delusions tended to occur even in the absence of hallucinations. Conclusion: Psychosis is common in bipolar disorder. Grandiose delusions are the most common delusion and are relatively independent of hallucination. The auditory verbal hallucinations are the most common type of hallucination. Hallucinations in mania tend to manifest earlier than in bipolar depression and mixed episode, and most of the hallucinations in bipolar disorder are mood congruent. Health Renaissance 2015;13 (1): 49-57
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Rogers, Sebastian, Rebecca Keogh, and Joel Pearson. "Hallucinations on demand: the utility of experimentally induced phenomena in hallucination research." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 376, no. 1817 (December 14, 2020): 20200233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2020.0233.
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Despite the desire to delve deeper into hallucinations of all types, methodological obstacles have frustrated development of more rigorous quantitative experimental techniques, thereby hampering research progress. Here, we discuss these obstacles and, with reference to visual phenomena, argue that experimentally induced phenomena (e.g. hallucinations induced by flickering light and classical conditioning) can bring hallucinations within reach of more objective behavioural and neural measurement. Expanding the scope of hallucination research raises questions about which phenomena qualify as hallucinations, and how to identify phenomena suitable for use as laboratory models of hallucination. Due to the ambiguity inherent in current hallucination definitions, we suggest that the utility of phenomena for use as laboratory hallucination models should be represented on a continuous spectrum, where suitability varies with the degree to which external sensory information constrains conscious experience. We suggest that existing strategies that group pathological hallucinations into meaningful subtypes based on hallucination characteristics (including phenomenology, disorder and neural activity) can guide extrapolation from hallucination models to other hallucinatory phenomena. Using a spectrum of phenomena to guide scientific hallucination research should help unite the historically separate fields of psychophysics, cognitive neuroscience and clinical research to better understand and treat hallucinations, and inform models of consciousness. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Offline perception: voluntary and spontaneous perceptual experiences without matching external stimulation’.
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Schmack, K., M. Bosc, T. Ott, J. F. Sturgill, and A. Kepecs. "Striatal dopamine mediates hallucination-like perception in mice." Science 372, no. 6537 (April 1, 2021): eabf4740. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abf4740.
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Hallucinations, a central symptom of psychotic disorders, are attributed to excessive dopamine in the brain. However, the neural circuit mechanisms by which dopamine produces hallucinations remain elusive, largely because hallucinations have been challenging to study in model organisms. We developed a task to quantify hallucination-like perception in mice. Hallucination-like percepts, defined as high-confidence false detections, increased after hallucination-related manipulations in mice and correlated with self-reported hallucinations in humans. Hallucination-like percepts were preceded by elevated striatal dopamine levels, could be induced by optogenetic stimulation of mesostriatal dopamine neurons, and could be reversed by the antipsychotic drug haloperidol. These findings reveal a causal role for dopamine-dependent striatal circuits in hallucination-like perception and open new avenues to develop circuit-based treatments for psychotic disorders.
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Kumari, Ranju, Suprakash Chaudhury, and Subodh Kumar. "Dimensions of Hallucinations and Delusions in Affective and Nonaffective Illnesses." ISRN Psychiatry 2013 (August 13, 2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/616304.
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The aim of the study was to examine the dimensions of hallucinations and delusions in affective (manic episode, bipolar affective disorder, and depressive episode) and nonaffective disorders (schizophrenia, acute and transient psychotic disorders, and unspecified psychosis). Sixty outpatients divided equally into two groups comprising affective and nonaffective disorders were taken up for evaluation after screening, as per inclusion and exclusion criteria. Scores of 3 or above on delusion and hallucinatory behavior subscales of positive and negative syndrome scale were sufficient to warrant rating on the psychotic symptom rating scales with which auditory hallucination and delusion were assessed on various dimensions. Insight was assessed using the Beck cognitive insight scale (BCIS). There were no significant differences between the two groups on age, sex, marital status, education, and economic status. There were significant differences in total score and emotional characteristic subscale, cognitive interpretation subscale, and physical characteristic subscale of auditory hallucination scales in between the two groups. Correlation between BCIS-total and total auditory hallucinations score was negative (Spearman Rho −0.319; P<0.05). Hallucinating patients, more in nonaffective group, described a negative impact of hallucinating voices along with emotional consequences on their lives which lead to distress and disruption.
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Fadhilah Intan Pratiwi, Sitti Rahma Soleman, and Wahyu Reknoningsih. "Penerapan Terapi Generalis Halusinasi Untuk Menurunkan Tingkat Halusinasi Pada Pasien Skizofrenia Di RSJD Dr.RM. Soedjarwadi Klaten." Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia 3, no. 3 (August 10, 2023): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.55606/jikki.v3i3.2074.
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Background: Hallucinations are false perceptual distortions that occur in maladaptive neurobiological responses, sufferers actually experience sensory distortions as real things and respond to them (Pardede, 2020). Generalist therapy is the application of standard scheduled nursing care that is applied to patients with the aim of reducing the mental nursing problems being handled. (Livana et al., 2020).Objective: To find out the results of implementing Generalist Therapy to Reduce the Level of Hallucinations in Schizophrenic Patients at RSJD Dr.RM Soedjarwadi Klaten.Method: The method used was a case study research design, the sample used was 2 respondents, the research instrument used was the AHRS observation sheet which was carried out before and after Hallucination Generalist Therapy was carried out. Findings: Before Generalist Hallucination Therapy Mr. A was in the category of severe hallucinations while Mr. P was in the category of moderate hallucinations. After Generalist Hallucination Therapy Mr. A was in the category of seeding hallucinations while Mr. P was in the mild category. Implication: There was a decrease in the level of hallucinations after the Hallucination Generalist Therapy was carried out on Mr. A and Mr.P which was carried out for 3 meetings.
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Yanti, Dian Anggri, Tati Murni Karokaro, Kuat Sitepu, Pitriani ., and Wina Novita Br Purba. "EFEKTIVITAS TERAPI MUSIK KLASIK TERHADAP PENURUNAN TINGKAT HALUSINASI PADA PASIEN HALUSINASI PENDENGARAN DI RUMAH SAKIT JIWA PROF. DR.M. ILDREM MEDAN TAHUN 2020." JURNAL KEPERAWATAN DAN FISIOTERAPI (JKF) 3, no. 1 (October 31, 2020): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.35451/jkf.v3i1.527.
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Increased illness causes problems in the health field one misbehaving in the from of auditory hallucinations. This can be overcome with pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies. Non pharmacological therapy which can be used in the form of classical music therapy. The purpose of this research is to find out the effectiveness of classical music therapy to decrease the level of hallucinations in patients with auditory hallucinations. Type of this research is quantitative research uses quasi-experimental design with design research pre and post test without control. Sampling techniques in this study using a sample with a population of 22 respondents at Mental Hospital Prof. Dr. M. Ildrem Medan in 2020. The results of statistical analysis using the Paired t test indicates p value of 0,000 means that there is effectiveness in the administration of classical music therapy to decrease the level of hallucinations in patients with auditory hallucinations. The result is expected of music therapy to be one nursing intervention to decrease level hallucination with auditory of hallucination.
Keywords: Patients with hallucination, music therapy, level of auditory Hallucination.
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Zanghellini Rückl, S. C., A. Senft, N. C. Senger, L. Bücher, M. Backenstraß, and K. T. Kronmüller. "Delusion and hallucinations - an empirical correlation analysis." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 1218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)72923-6.
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IntroductionDelusion and hallucinations occur in a variety of psychiatric disorders. In the last years they have been considered multidimensional phenomena, since emotional, cognitive and action-oriented aspects were recognized. According to the cognitive model of the development of positive symptoms, emotional processes play an important role for the relationship between delusion and hallucinations. Although delusion and hallucinations often coexist, there are few empirical studies, which explore this relationship.ObjectivesAim of the study is to elucidate the relationship between delusion and hallucinations taking into consideration their multidimensionality.MethodsEighty-two patients with delusion and hallucinations with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder were examined. Several instruments to the exploration of delusion and hallucinations were used as the Psychotic Symptoms Rating Scales (PSYRATS), MacArthur-Maudsley Delusions Asessment Scchedule (MMDAS), Dimensions of Delusional Experience (DDE), Positive and Negative Syndrom Scale (PANSS), Brown Assessment of Beliefs Scale (BABS), Clinical Delusion Rating Scale (CDRS) and the Heidelberger Delusion Profile (HDP). The correlations between formal hallucination and delusion criteria, as well as formal hallucination criteria and delusion content were calculated. The causal relationship between delusion and hallucinations was tested through a structural equation modelling.ResultsCorrelations between delusion and hallucinations dimensions could be found, at item, subscale and scale levels. Emotional and cognitive delusion dimensions correlated significantly with hallucinations magnitude. The delusion content showed a significant influence on the occurrence and emotional dimension of hallucinations. Delusion secondary to hallucinations could only be partially confirmed.ConclusionsThe results confirm the complex structure of the relationship between delusion and hallucinations.
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Kim, Jeonghee, Derrick Knox, and Hangue Park. "Forehead Tactile Hallucination Is Augmented by the Perceived Risk and Accompanies Increase of Forehead Tactile Sensitivity." Sensors 21, no. 24 (December 10, 2021): 8246. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21248246.
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Tactile hallucinations frequently occur after mental illnesses and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. Despite their common occurrence, there are several complicating factors that make it difficult to elucidate the tactile hallucinations. The forehead tactile hallucination, evoked by the physical object approaching to the forehead, can be easily and consistently evoked in healthy-bodied subjects, and therefore it would help with investigating the mechanism of tactile hallucinations. In this pilot study, we investigated the principles of the forehead tactile hallucination with eight healthy subjects. We designed the experimental setup to test the effect of sharpness and speed of objects approaching towards the forehead on the forehead tactile hallucination, in both a physical and virtual experimental setting. The forehead tactile hallucination was successfully evoked by virtual object as well as physical object, approaching the forehead. The forehead tactile hallucination was increased by the increase of sharpness and speed of the approaching object. The forehead tactile hallucination also increased the tactile sensitivity on the forehead. The forehead tactile hallucination can be solely evoked by visual feedback and augmented by the increased perceived risk. The forehead tactile hallucination also increases tactile sensitivity. These experimental results may enhance the understanding of the foundational mechanisms of tactile hallucinations.
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Penagaluri, Praveen, Kristin L. Walker, and Rif S. El-Mallakh. "Hallucinations, Pseudohallucinations, and Severity of Suicidal Ideation Among Emergency Psychiatry Patients." Crisis 31, no. 1 (January 2010): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a000002.
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Aims: This study investigated relative relationships between auditory hallucinations and nonpsychotic hallucinations (pseudohallucinations), and suicidal risk. Methods: A sample of 206 consecutive patients seen in an emergency psychiatric service was evaluated for the presence and intensity of hallucinatory experiences (the hallucination item of the Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale), suicidal intensity (the suicide item of the Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale), and cumulative suicide risk (the total number of risk factors). Results: Individuals with nonpsychotic hallucinations experienced greater intensity of suicidal ideation versus subjects with no hallucinations or subjects with psychotic hallucinations (p = .0001). Conclusions: Pseudohallucinosis is associated with higher intensity of suicidal ideation compared with psychotic hallucinations or no hallucinations.
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Brasić, James Robert. "Hallucinations." Perceptual and Motor Skills 86, no. 3 (June 1998): 851–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1998.86.3.851.
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Hallucinations, sensory perceptions without environmental stimuli, occur as simple experiences of auditory, gustatory, olfactory, tactile, or visual phenomena as well as mixed or complex experiences of more than one simple phenomenon. The nature of the hallucination assists localization, differential diagnosis, and treatment planning. In particular, the presence of persistent visual hallucinations of persons with Parkinson's disease predicts dementia, rapid deterioration, permanent nursing home placement, and death. Hallucinations in persons with Alzheimer's disease are often associated with serious behavioral problems and predict a rapid cognitive decline. Theories of the etiology of hallucinations include (1) stimulation, e.g., neurochemical, electrical, seizure, and ephaptic, and (2) inhibition, e.g., destruction of normally inhibitory functions, resulting in disinhibition as in the Charles Bonnet and phantom limb syndromes. Functional neuroimaging procedures suggest anatomical associations for hallucinations. While hallucinations may be a symptom of medical, neurologic, and psychiatric disorders, they may also occur in a wide range of human experiences.
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Thomas-Tran, Emily Phu, Jane Thomas-Tran, Ivy Phu Tran, and Rona J. Hu. "Racial Differences in Auditory Hallucination Content and Attitudes: An Advancement in Cultural Psychiatry and Clinical Application of Social Determinants of Health." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 10, no. 10 (October 27, 2023): 205–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.1010.15743.
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Background: Minimal prior literature compares the hallucinatory experiences of individuals from different racial backgrounds living within the same geographic area. Understanding differences of hallucinatory content and attitudes is essential to tailoring clinical advice for patients. We aim to investigate the differences in hallucinatory content and attitudes toward hallucinations for individuals of different races receiving care from the same academic institution. Methods: Cross-sectional study using an institutional database, randomly selected patient charts from 2008-2020. Inclusion criteria: age 10+ years, primary psychotic disorder, known race, documented auditory hallucination content. Excluded patients with hallucinations of non-psychiatric origin. Racial cohorts White, Black, Hispanic, and Asian each had n=50. Due to database limitations, Native American/Alaska Natives had n=8, Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander had n=7. Hallucination content and perception of symptoms (positive or negative) compared between cohorts using chi-square test of independence and multinomial regression. Findings: Blacks had the most hallucinations of violence, including police violence, and racism. Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islanders were most likely to have hallucinations of nature and medical violence. Hispanics had the most religious hallucinations. Asians had more derogatory hallucinations. Whites had more hallucinations of government violence. Native Hawaiians/Pacific Islanders were most likely to have a positive attitude towards hallucinations (positive:negative 3:4). Whites were least likely (positive:negative 1:11). Interpretation: Patients from different racial backgrounds in one geographic area experience auditory hallucinations differently. Appreciating these differences may improve trauma-informed care and cultural humility.
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Demeulemeester, Morgane, Fréderic Kochman, Benjamin Fligans, Ahmed J. Tabet, Pierre Thomas, and Renaud Jardri. "Assessing early-onset hallucinations in the touch-screen generation." British Journal of Psychiatry 206, no. 3 (March 2015): 181–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.114.154153.
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SummaryThe increasing development of apps for digital devices provides an opportunity for new instruments to assess hallucinations in young individuals. Here we present the Multisensory HAllucinations Scale for Children (MHASC), dedicated to assessing complex early-onset hallucinations. The MHASC will soon be translated into multilanguage versions with the support of the International Consortium of Hallucination Research.
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Alvarez Perez, Purificacion, Maria Jose Garcia-Antelo, and Eduardo Rubio-Nazabal. "“Doctor, I Hear Music”: A Brief Review About Musical Hallucinations." Open Neurology Journal 11, no. 1 (February 28, 2017): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874205x01711010011.
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Auditory hallucinations are defined as the abnormal perception of sound in the absence of an external auditory stimulus. Musical hallucinations constitute a complex type of auditory hallucination characterized by perception of melodies, music, or songs. Musical hallucinations are infrequent and have been described in 0.16% of a general hospital population. The auditory hallucinations are popularly associated with psychiatric disorders or degenerative neurological diseases but there may be other causes in which the patient evolves favorably with treatment. With this clinical case we want to stress the importance of knowing the causes of musical hallucinations due to the unpredictable social consequences that they can have.
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Toh, Wei Lin, Neil Thomas, and Susan L. Rossell. "Comparing Primary Voice-Hearers with and without Hallucinations in Other Sensory Modalities." Psychopathology 54, no. 4 (2021): 214–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000517455.
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There has been burgeoning interest in studying hallucinations in psychosis occurring across multiple sensory modalities. The current study aimed to characterize the auditory hallucination and delusion profiles in patients with auditory hallucinations only versus those with multisensory hallucinations. Participants with psychosis were partitioned into groups with voices only (AVH; <i>n</i> = 50) versus voices plus hallucinations in at least one other sensory modality (AVH+; <i>n</i> = 50), based on their responses on the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS). Basic demographic and clinical information was collected, and the Questionnaire for Psychotic Experiences (QPE) was used to assess psychosis phenomenology. Relative to the AVH group, greater compliance to perceived commands, auditory illusions, and sensed presences was significantly elevated in the AVH+ group. The latter group also had greater levels of delusion-related distress and functional impairment and was more likely to endorse delusions of reference and misidentification. This preliminary study uncovered important phenomenological differences in those with multisensory hallucinations. Future hallucination research extending beyond the auditory modality is needed.
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Karadjo, Halisa, and Agusrianto Agusrianto. "Penerapan Terapi Psikoreligius Dzikir Terhadap Kontrol Halusinasi Pada Asuhan Keperawatan Pasien Dengan Halusinasi Pendengaran DiRumah Sakit Madani Palu." Madago Nursing Journal 3, no. 2 (November 30, 2022): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.33860/mnj.v3i2.1559.
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Introduction : Schizophrenia is a major disorder in thought processes and disharmony between thought processes, affect and emotions. Schizophrenia has the main symptom of decreased sensory perception, namely hallucinations. Hallucinations consist of several kinds, one of which is auditory hallucinations. Auditory hallucinations are hearing voices or complete conversations between two or more people in which the client is asked to do something. The purpose of this study was to apply psychoreligious dhikr therapy to the control of hallucinations in the care of patients with auditory hallucinations at Madani Hospital Palu. Research method: Descriptive research with a case study approach. Results: Respondents were able to control hallucinations by rebuking hallucinations, conversing with other people, performing scheduled activities especially psychoreligious therapy and teaching patients to take medication correctly independently, when evaluating the patient said he could control hallucinations independently. Conclusion: The application of dhikr psychoreligious therapy can control hallucinations in hallucinating patients at Madani Hospital Palu.
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Shergill, Sukhwinder S., Mick J. Brammer, Edson Amaro, Steve C. R. Williams, Robin M. Murray, and Phillip K. Mcguire. "Temporal course of auditory hallucinations." British Journal of Psychiatry 185, no. 6 (December 2004): 516–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.185.6.516.
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SummaryWe used functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine how brain activity associated with auditory verbal hallucinations in schizophrenia changed during hallucinatory events. Activation in the left inferior frontal and right middle temporal gyri was evident 6–9s before the person signalled the onset of the hallucination, whereas activation in the bilateral temporal gyri and the left insula coincided with the perception of the hallucination. This supports the hypothesis that during hallucinations activation in cortical regions mediating the generation of inner speech may precede the engagement of areas implicated in the perception of auditory verbal material.
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Sujiah, Sujiah, Hernida Warni, and Adi Fikrinas. "The effectiveness of application of drawing activity occupational therapy against auditory hallucination symptoms." Media Keperawatan Indonesia 6, no. 2 (May 30, 2023): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.26714/mki.6.2.2023.83-91.
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Auditory hallucinations are the most common hallucinations in schizophrenia, experienced by more than 60% of people with schizophrenia. Patients who have hallucinations often become irrational and lose control of their actions, which can lead to homicide, suicide, and environmental destruction. This study aims to examine the effects of occupational therapy drawing exercises on auditory hallucination symptoms. This study used a quasi-experimental control group technique with a sample size of 40 respondents. The results showed an impact of occupational therapy on drawing activity on auditory hallucinations symptoms, with a p-value of 0.000, and a significant difference in the reduction of auditory hallucinations symptoms between the intervention and control group after occupational therapy with a drawing activity. Patients with auditory hallucinations are advised to engage in occupational therapy drawing activities to alleviate their symptoms.
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Patimah, Siti. "Aplikasi Terapi Bercakap - Cakap Pada Tn. N dengan Gangguan Persepsi Sensori: Halusinasi Pendengaran di Jampang Kulon." JURNAL LENTERA 4, no. 1 (July 31, 2021): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.37150/jl.v4i1.1382.
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Problemsof mental health nursing that may arise in response to mental disorders experienced by an individual include the risk of violent behavior, self-care deficits, social isolation and impaired sensory perception: hallucinations. The hallucinations themselves consist of auditory hallucinations, visual hallucinations, tactile hallucinations, tasting hallucinations, and olfactory hallucinations. Auditory hallucination is a stimulus or stimulus disorder in which the client hears voices that do not exist, especially human voices, usually the client hears the voices of people according to what the client thinks which then orders the client to do something that can sometimes harm oneself, others, and the environment. In the assessment stage, data were obtained showing the client experiencing sensory perception disorders: auditory hallucinations, which were obtained from the precipitation factor. The client often heard voices without any form when the client was alone. Mr. N has 4 nursing problems including sensory perception disorders: auditory hallucinations, risk of violent behavior, social isolation and low self-esteem, but the author focuses on one diagnosis, namely the problem of hallucinations. The action taken is to practice conversational therapy with other people to reduce the patient's level of hallucinations. The conclusion of the given action has been reached where the client is able to converse with other people when the client experiences hallucinations.
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Ramdani, Reski, Basmalah Basmalah, Rusli Abdullah, and Ekayanti H. Ahmad. "Application of Capable Individual Therapy in Hearing Hallucination Patients." Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Sandi Husada 12, no. 1 (June 1, 2023): 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.35816/jiskh.v12i1.911.
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Introduction: Hallucinations are symptoms of mental disorders in which the patient experiences sensory changes in perception, feels false sensations in the form of sound, sight, taste, touching or shaming, the client feels a stimulus that does not exist. Objective: Knowing the application of individual therapy to auditory hallucination patients. Method: Quality research using the descriptive method of case study research. Results: Shows that with individual therapy, the patient can distract the patient so that he can control the hallucinations he experiences. Conclusion: That individual therapy in auditory hallucination patients can effectively control hallucinations. Recommendations should consider creating a new policy for nurses, particularly room nurses, to perform continuously to reduce the frequency of people with mental health conditions
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Fahrizal, Yanuar, and Reny Nur Saputri. "Effect of psycho-religious group therapy on hallucination in schizophrenia patient." MEDISAINS 21, no. 1 (April 28, 2023): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.30595/medisains.v21i1.16982.
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Background: Psycho-religious therapy can be used to treat schizophrenia patients. Group therapy is also effective at reducing the signs and symptoms of hallucinations. Combining these two methods for the intervention of schizophrenic patients who experience hallucinations still needs scientific evidence.Objective: This study aims to determine the influence of dhikr psycho-religious group therapy on changes in signs of hallucination symptoms in patients with a psychotic disorder.Methods: This is a pre-experiment study with a pre-post-test design. The sample number was 33 participants in schizophrenia patients with hallucinations. Sampling techniques use purposive sampling that meets inclusion criteria. The research instrument uses a hallucination signs and symptoms evaluation questionnaire. Dhikr psycho-religious group therapy is carried out in 4 times meetings with two stages—data analysis using frequency distribution and statistically paired t-test test.Results: The hallucination symptom score before the intervention was 22.36; after the intervention, it decreased to 11.03. The statistical analysis showed significant differences in hallucination symptoms before and after the intervention of psycho-religious group therapy (p<0.05). Psycho-religious group therapy provides a medium effect in reducing hallucination symptoms (Cohen's d: 3.09).Conclusion: Psycho-religious group therapy can significantly reduce hallucination symptoms.
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Sholihah, Mar Atus, Arif Wijaya, and Tiara Fatma Pratiwi. "RELATIONSHIP OF FAMILY SUPPORT WITH RETURN RATE IN HALLUCINATION PATIENTS AT KABUH JOMBANG." Well Being 8, no. 2 (December 21, 2023): 107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.51898/wb.v8i2.215.
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Hallucination are a condition in which a person experience changes in the number and pattern of external and internal stimuli accompanied by decreased or exaggerated response or damage responses to stimuli .(Stuart & Laraia, 2005 dalam Muhith 2018). The provision of hallucination management interventions to minimize the appearance of hallucinations can be done by teaching patients to rebuke hallucinations when they appear. This study was conducted by involving 2 respondents from Al Hidayah Mojokerto Halfway House with problems of sensory perception disorders, auditory hallucinations. Researchers conducted nursing care, namely hallucination management by applying SP 1 to SP 4 with outcome criteria guided by SLKI. Nursing care for 7 days from both clients obtained the results of verbalization hearing whispers quite decreased, sensory distortion decreased enough, hallucinatory behavior decreased enough, suspicion decreased enough, pacing decreased enough, response according to stimulus improved enough, concentration improved enough, and orientation improved enough. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the application of hallucinatory management interventions can reduce hallucinatory signs and symptoms if done routinely and correctly, and can be one way for clients to control their hallucinations.
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Masrour, Farid. "On the Possibility of Hallucinations." Mind 129, no. 515 (March 4, 2019): 737–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mind/fzy088.
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Abstract Many take the possibility of hallucinations to imply that a relationalist account, according to which perceptual experiences are constituted by direct relations to ordinary mind-independent objects, is false. The common reaction among relationalists is to adopt a disjunctivist view that denies that hallucinations have the same nature as perceptual experiences. This paper proposes a non-disjunctivist response to the argument from hallucination by arguing that the alleged empirical and a priori evidence in support of the possibility of hallucinations is inconclusive. A corollary upshot of the article is that whether hallucinations are possible or not is still an open empirical question.
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Joshi, Sulochana, and Rabi Shakya. "Electroconvulsive Therapy in Functional Hallucination: Scope and Challenges." Case Reports in Psychiatry 2017 (2017): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/9421973.
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Functional hallucinations are hallucinations triggered by a stimulus in the same modality and cooccur with it. They are rare in occurrence; however, their rarity has no significance as psychopathology till date. Also, very little is known about the treatment of such hallucinations. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has been tested for several psychiatric illnesses and has a few relative contraindications; however, it has not previously been used in treating functional hallucinations. We report on a female patient with paranoid schizophrenia who experienced functional hallucinations continuously despite the use of adequate risperidone, which controlled other symptoms. She was treated with ECT which resolved the functional hallucinations. The case highlights the need to ponder on the significance of the phenomenon as well as treatment of this psychopathology by ECT. It also underscores ECT as a treatment option for this kind of hallucination.
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Brébion, G., R. I. Ohlsen, R. A. Bressan, and A. S. David. "Source memory errors in schizophrenia, hallucinations and negative symptoms: a synthesis of research findings." Psychological Medicine 42, no. 12 (April 27, 2012): 2543–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003329171200075x.
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BackgroundPrevious research has shown associations between source memory errors and hallucinations in patients with schizophrenia. We bring together here findings from a broad memory investigation to specify better the type of source memory failure that is associated with auditory and visual hallucinations.MethodForty-one patients with schizophrenia and 43 healthy participants underwent a memory task involving recall and recognition of lists of words, recognition of pictures, memory for temporal and spatial context of presentation of the stimuli, and remembering whether target items were presented as words or pictures.ResultsFalse recognition of words and pictures was associated with hallucination scores. The extra-list intrusions in free recall were associated with verbal hallucinations whereas the intra-list intrusions were associated with a global hallucination score. Errors in discriminating the temporal context of word presentation and the spatial context of picture presentation were associated with auditory hallucinations. The tendency to remember verbal labels of items as pictures of these items was associated with visual hallucinations. Several memory errors were also inversely associated with affective flattening and anhedonia.ConclusionsVerbal and visual hallucinations are associated with confusion between internal verbal thoughts or internal visual images and perception. In addition, auditory hallucinations are associated with failure to process or remember the context of presentation of the events. Certain negative symptoms have an opposite effect on memory errors.
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Rosmiati, Rosmiati, Mohamad Saoky Miswar, and Aulia Ridla Fauzi. "The Effect of Application of Group Activity Therapy Session 1-2 on Controlling Hallucinations." Asy-Syifa : Journal of Science and Technology Nursing 1, no. 2 (September 30, 2023): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.52221/asyjstn.v1i2.350.
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Hallucinatory disorders are one of the nursing problems that can be found in patients with mental disorders. One of the most common types of hallucinations is auditory hallucinations. Auditory hallucinations can be ringing sounds or noises that have no meaning, but are more often heard as a meaningful word or sentence. One therapy for hallucinations is Group Activity Therapy (TAK). Objective: To determine the effect of group activity therapy sessions 1-2 on controlling hallucinations. Methods: This study uses a quantitative method with a quasi experiment. Sampling with purposive sampling technique is as many as 6 respondents. This study was conducted on March 15-23 2022. Results: showed that patients with hallucinations were able to control hallucinations after the implementation of TAK Sessions 1-2 with the results of comparative analysis, the pretest 3.7, posttest 8.4 and p value=0.01. Conclusion: there is an effect of group activity therapy sessions 1-2 on controlling hallucinations in hallucinating patients.
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Brookwell, M. L., R. P. Bentall, and F. Varese. "Externalizing biases and hallucinations in source-monitoring, self-monitoring and signal detection studies: a meta-analytic review." Psychological Medicine 43, no. 12 (January 2, 2013): 2465–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291712002760.
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BackgroundCognitive models have postulated that auditory hallucinations arise from the misattribution of internally generated cognitive events to external sources. Several experimental paradigms have been developed to assess this externalizing bias in clinical and non-clinical hallucination-prone samples, including source-monitoring, verbal self-monitoring and auditory signal detection tasks. This meta-analysis aims to synthesize the wealth of empirical findings from these experimental studies.MethodA database search was carried out for reports between January 1985 and March 2012. Additional studies were retrieved by contacting authors and screening references of eligible reports. Studies were considered eligible if they compared either (i) hallucinating and non-hallucinating patients with comparable diagnoses, or (ii) non-clinical hallucination-prone and non-prone participants using source-monitoring, verbal self-monitoring or signal detection tasks, or used correlational analyses to estimate comparable effects.ResultsThe analysis included 15 clinical (240 hallucinating patients and 249 non-hallucinating patients) and nine non-clinical studies (171 hallucination-prone and 177 non-prone participants; 57 participants in a correlation study). Moderate-to-large summary effects were observed in both the clinical and analogue samples. Robust and significant effects were observed in source-monitoring and signal detection studies, but not in self-monitoring studies, possibly due to the small numbers of eligible studies in this subgroup. The use of emotionally valenced stimuli led to effects of similar magnitude to the use of neutral stimuli.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that externalizing biases are important cognitive underpinnings of hallucinatory experiences. Clinical interventions targeting these biases should be explored as possible treatments for clients with distressing voices.
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Bagati, Dhruv, Shamshul Haque Nizamie, and Ravi Prakash. "Effect of Augmentatory Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Auditory Hallucinations in Schizophrenia: Randomized Controlled Study." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 43, no. 4 (January 1, 2009): 386–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00048670802653315.
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Objective: Auditory hallucinations are a characteristic symptom of schizophrenia and are usually resistant to treatment. The present study was conducted to further support the findings that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) reduces auditory hallucinations, and to evaluate the effect of low-frequency rTMS on auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia. Methods: Forty schizophrenia patients were included in the study. Patients were randomized to control or experimental group. Low-frequency rTMS (1 Hz, 90% motor threshold) was applied to the left temporoparietal cortex of patients in the experimental group for 10 days following the standard guidelines as an addition to antipsychotic treatment. The control group received only antipsychotics. The changes in the psychopathology scores for the auditory hallucinations were recorded using auditory hallucination recording scale. The rater was blind to the intervention procedure. Results: A significant improvement was found in auditory hallucinations in the experimental group as compared to the control group. Conclusion: Left temporoparietal rTMS warrants further study as an intervention for auditory hallucinations. Data suggest that this intervention selectively alters neurobiological factors determining frequency of these hallucinations.
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Ocklenburg, Sebastian, René Westerhausen, Marco Hirnstein, and Kenneth Hugdahl. "Auditory Hallucinations and Reduced Language Lateralization in Schizophrenia: A Meta-analysis of Dichotic Listening Studies." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 19, no. 4 (January 18, 2013): 410–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617712001476.
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AbstractReduced left-hemispheric language lateralization has been proposed to be a trait marker for schizophrenia, but the empirical evidence is ambiguous. Recent studies suggest that auditory hallucinations are critical for whether a patient shows reduced language lateralization. Therefore, the aim of the study was to statistically integrate studies investigating language lateralization in schizophrenia patients using dichotic listening. To this end, two meta-analyses were conducted, one comparing schizophrenia patients with healthy controls (n = 1407), the other comparing schizophrenia patients experiencing auditory hallucinations with non-hallucinating controls (n = 407). Schizophrenia patients showed weaker language lateralization than healthy controls but the effect size was small (g = −0.26). When patients with auditory hallucinations were compared to non-hallucinating controls, the effect size was substantially larger (g = −0.45). These effect sizes suggest that reduced language lateralization is a weak trait marker for schizophrenia as such and a strong trait marker for the experience of auditory hallucinations within the schizophrenia population. (JINS, 2013, 19, 1–9.)
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Oladiran, Oreoluwa, Ifeanyi Nwosu, Steve Obanor, Chinyere Ogbonna-Nwosu, and Brian Le. "Anaplastic Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma Presenting with Musical Hallucination." Case Reports in Neurological Medicine 2018 (November 11, 2018): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6428492.
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Musical hallucinations are a relatively rare form of auditory hallucination characterized by hearing of music in the absence of any external stimuli. This phenomenon has been linked to both psychiatric and structural lesions. We present the case of a previously healthy young male whose presentation with musical hallucinations led to the diagnosis of a rare tumour, anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma.
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Persaud, Rajendra, and Isaac Marks. "A Pilot Study of Exposure Control of Chronic Auditory Hallucinations in Schizophrenia." British Journal of Psychiatry 167, no. 1 (July 1995): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.167.1.45.
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BackgroundMany patients complain less of their auditory hallucinations per se than of lack of control of the experiences. There is reason to believe that a non-distraction (exposure) approach could help patients gain more control over persistent auditory hallucinations and teach them that their experience is a form of thinking and has no external source. This study is a pilot test of that idea.MethodFive DSM–III–R schizophrenic outpatients with medication-resistant auditory hallucinations improved with a mean of 31 hour-long sessions over 3 months of therapist-guided exposure to their hallucinations and situations likely to evoke them.ResultsImprovement was greatest in patients' anxiety and sense of control over their hallucinations, less in social use of leisure and hallucinating time.ConclusionsThese mildly encouraging pilot results warrant a controlled study of exposure for drug-resistant chronic auditory hallucinations and other psychotic experiences which are associated with anxious avoidance.
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Nur Uyuun I. Biahimo, Fadli Syamsuddin, and Susinta Ismail. "PENGARUH TERAPI KELOMPOK SUPORTIF TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MENGATASI HALUSINASI PADA KLIEN SKIZOFRENIA DI RSUD TOMBULILATO." Jurnal Anestesi 1, no. 2 (May 30, 2023): 58–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.59680/anestesi.v1i2.318.
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Supportive Group Therapy is a therapy consisting of several people who plan, organize and respond directly to issues and pressures as well as adverse circumstances and is also a significant method of dealing with hallucination problems. Hallucinations experienced by individuals can be caused by precipitation and predisposing factors. The objective of research was to determine supportive group therapy on the ability to overcome hallucinations in schizophrenic clients at RSUD Tombulilato. Quasi-experimental research design with a group pretest – posttest one group design. Sampling used total sampling with 15 respondents. Data collection used an observation sheet with the results, there were 15 (100%) respondents controlling low hallucinations before being given supportive group therapy by 12 (80.0%) respondents and controlling high hallucinations by 3 (20.0%) respondents. After being given supportive group therapy, it controlled low hallucinations by 2 (13.3%) respondents and controlled high hallucinations by 13 (86.7%) respondents. Statistical test results used the paired t-test showed a p-value = 0.000 with ? <0.05, there was a significant influence between the effect of supportive group therapy on the ability to overcome hallucinations in clients with schizophrenia. It is expected the influence of supportive group therapy can improve the ability to deal with patient hallucinations.
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Van Gordon, William, Supakyada Sapthiang, Déborah Ducasse, and Edo Shonin. "The Prevalence, Communicability and Co-Occurrence of Inverted Hallucinations: An Overlooked Global Public Health Concern." Journal of Concurrent Disorders 1, no. 2 (May 18, 2019): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.54127/pfes1667.
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While scientific understanding concerning the role of biological pathogenic agents in the transmission of communicable diseases has increased markedly in recent decades, the possibility of a psychological pathogenic agent that underlies the transmission of a number of key global public health concerns has largely been overlooked. The present paper identifies inverted hallucinations as a novel category of hallucination that not only reflect a key public health concern in their own right, but also appear to play an active role in the gradual transmission of diseases traditionally deemed to be non-communicable, such as mental health problems, obesity, and social media addiction. More specifically, the present paper delineates the assumptions and indicative empirical support underlying inverted hallucination theory as well as the characteristic features, functional consequences, prevalence, communicability, and co-occurrence of inverted hallucinations in the general population. Inverted hallucinations appear to be both globally prevalent and communicable, and are estimated to affect the average person on at least an occasional basis. Inverted hallucinations cause individuals to succumb to states of mind wandering that distorts their perception of what is happening in the present moment and increases their susceptibility to other deleterious health conditions. Moreover, inverted hallucinations appear to reflect a key overlooked public health need that not only stunt human potential and quality of life but also pose a risk to the wellbeing of the population globally
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Armayanti, Millen Novia. "Analysis of The Decrease in Sign and Symptoms of Hallucinations with The Application of Aerobic Exercise Physical Activity Therapy." JOURNAL EDUCATIONAL OF NURSING(JEN) 6, no. 2 (September 16, 2023): 139–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.37430/jen.v6i2.184.
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Schizophrenia is a mental disorder that can cause sufferers to experience deviations in thoughts, perceptions, emotions and behavior. People with schizophrenia can experience delusions or hallucinations. Hallucination are one of the positive symptoms of schizophrenia, people with schizophrenia who experience hallucinations can hear voices or see things that are not real. The aim of this scientific work is to provide an overview regarding the application of nursing care to patients with hallucinations through physical activity used is aerobic exercise. The client named Mr. F is 28 years old who experiences visual and auditory hallucinations. The nursing actions given to control hallucinations are based on the standards of nursing care that have been set for the client is generalist nursing interventions for 1 days and continued with aerobic exercise physical activity therapy as a distraction technique for 11 days. The results of the application of aerobic exercise physical activity distraction therapy showed a decrease in signs of hallucinations from a score of 19 to a score of 8. Aerobic exercise therapy can be applied as an innovative nursing action to control hallucinations in providing nursing care in hospitals,
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Fowler, David, and Stephen Morley. "The Cognitive-Behavioural Treatment of Hallucinations and Delusions: A Preliminary Study." Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 17, no. 3 (July 1989): 267–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0141347300016700.
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Five patients suffering from chronic and distressing psychotic symptoms were treated with a cognitive-behavioural approach designed to modify their beliefs that their auditory hallucinations were real, and to enhance their ability to control psychotic experiences. Four of the patients reported an increase in their ability to control hallucinations, but only one of these also reported a decreased frequency of hallucinating and a reduced belief in the reality of hallucinations. The discussion focusses on the implications for future interventions in this area.
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Daryanto, Daryanto, Mohammad Syukri, Sri Martini, Sri Endriyani, and Mila Triana Sari. "Auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia: Psychoeducation among caregivers to help patients develop effective coping strategies." Malahayati International Journal of Nursing and Health Science 6, no. 5 (December 5, 2023): 374–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.33024/minh.v6i5.12881.
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Background: Hallucinations are common symptoms experienced by patients with schizophrenia. These hallucinations pose difficulties in control, becoming a burden for caregivers providing care. Meanwhile, psychoeducation utilizing modules and videos to treat auditory hallucinations has not been previously implemented. Psychoeducation is beneficial in managing caregiver burden, yet the psychoeducation content hasn't been specific to auditory hallucinations.Purpose: To determine the influence of psychoeducation using modules and videos to help patients develop effective coping strategies, and burden among caregiversMethod: A quantitative study with a pre-experimental design using a pre-test and post-test approach. This research was conducted to measure caregiver burden before and after the intervention. The intervention involved providing psychoeducation using modules and videos for caring for auditory hallucinations, while the control group received psychoeducation using only modules. The study was conducted at the outpatient clinic of Jambi Regional Mental Hospital from July to September 2023.Results: There was a significant difference in caregiver burden (p-value 0.000) in the intervention group before and after treatment. There was a significant difference in caregiver burden (p-value 0.000) in the control group before and after treatment. There was no significant difference in caregiver burden (p-value 0.161) between the intervention and control groups one month after the intervention.Conclusion: Psychoeducation with modules and videos can reduce caregiver burden in schizophrenia patients. Psychiatric nurses should educate caregivers using modules and videos for caring for auditory hallucinations as part of reducing the caregiving burden.Suggestion: Healthcare professionals should also provide psychoeducation using auditory hallucination care modules and videos to caregivers on managing the caregiving burden for individuals with schizophrenia experiencing auditory hallucinations. Caregivers are encouraged to understand the module book and video on auditory hallucination care as a form of continued care at home for individuals with schizophrenia experiencing auditory hallucinations.
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Bartels-Velthuis, Agna A., Jack A. Jenner, Gerard van de Willige, Jim van Os, and Durk Wiersma. "Prevalence and correlates of auditory vocal hallucinations in middle childhood." British Journal of Psychiatry 196, no. 1 (January 2010): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.109.065953.
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BackgroundHearing voices occurs in middle childhood, but little is known about prevalence, aetiology and immediate consequences.AimsTo investigate prevalence, developmental risk factors and behavioural correlates of auditory vocal hallucinations in 7- and 8-year-olds.MethodAuditory vocal hallucinations were assessed with the Auditory Vocal Hallucination Rating Scale in 3870 children. Prospectively recorded data on pre- and perinatal complications, early development and current problem behaviour were analysed in children with auditory vocal hallucinations and matched controls.ResultsThe 1-year prevalence of auditory vocal hallucinations was 9%, with substantial suffering and problem behaviour reported in 15% of those affected. Prevalence was higher in rural areas but auditory vocal hallucinations were more severe and had greater functional impact in the urban environment. There was little evidence for associations with developmental variables.ConclusionsAuditory vocal hallucinations in 7- and 8-year-olds are prevalent but mostly of limited functional impact. Nevertheless, there may be continuity with more severe psychotic outcomes given the serious suffering in a subgroup of children and there is evidence for a poorer prognosis in an urban environment.
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Dwiranto, Uyun, Nunung Rachmawati, and Sutedjo. "Study of Perceptual Sensory Disorders : A Case Study of Schizoaffective Patient." Health Media 2, no. 2 (July 1, 2021): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.55756/hm.v2i2.61.
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There are 2% to 9% general populations in the United States of America hospitalized due to schizoaffective disorders. Hallucination is a schizoaffective symptom. Based on the Grhasia Yogyakarta mental hospital file in the last 3 years there were 2723 (19,7 %) patients who experienced sensory perception disorders: hallucinations/illusion. Patients with hallucinations if left untreated can injure themselves and others, ineffective individual handling, interpersonal disorder withdraws, self-care disorder. This documentation study was conducted to evaluate the characteristics and implementation of nursing care in patients with auditory hallucination. This documentation study uses a descriptive qualitative methode that describes a case by utilizing a nursing case report in 2017. The results showed that the patient often listened to voices, talked to himself, and suddenly laughed. The problem of sensory perception was impaired. The auditory hallucinations were partially resolved. The description of sensory perception disorder was obtained after observation.
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El Haj, Mohamad, Frank Larøi, and Karim Gallouj. "Hallucinations in a Patient with Alzheimer’s Disease During the COVID-19 Crisis: A Case Study." Journal of Alzheimer's Disease Reports 4, no. 1 (October 24, 2020): 455–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/adr-200241.
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While social distancing may be deemed necessary in order to avoid COVID-19 infections, the lockdown may impact mental health of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We present a case study involving hallucinations in a patient with AD who lives in a nursing home during the COVID-19 crisis. We compared this patient’s hallucination scores before and during the lockdown. We observed increased hallucinations during, compared to before, the lockdown. These increased hallucinations can be attributed to a number of elements such as the decreased in daily activities, social distancing, lack of physical contact with family members, and loneliness during the lockdown.
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Kirke, Alexis, Joel Eaton, and Eduardo Miranda. "Real-Time Hallucination Simulation and Sonification through User-Led Development of an iPad Augmented Reality Performance." Leonardo 48, no. 3 (June 2015): 235–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/leon_a_00812.
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The simulation of visual hallucinations has multiple applications. The authors present a new approach to hallucination simulation, initially developed for a performance, that proved to have uses for individuals suffering from certain types of hallucinations. The system, originally developed with a focus on the visual symptoms of palinopsia experienced by the lead author, allows real-time visual expression using augmented reality via an iPad. It also allows the hallucinations to be converted into sound through visuals sonification. Although no formal experimentation was conducted, the authors report on a number of unsolicited informal responses to the simulator from palinopsia sufferers and the Palinopsia Foundation.
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Masyriatul Munawaroh, Tri Susilowati, and Wahyu Reknoningsih. "Penerapan Terapi Murattal Al-Qur’an Terhadap Tingkat Skala Halusinasi Pendengaran pada Pasien Skizofrenia di RSJD Dr. RM. Soedjarwadi Provinsi Jawa Tengah." Sehat Rakyat: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat 2, no. 3 (August 28, 2023): 442–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.54259/sehatrakyat.v2i3.1963.
Full textAbstract:
The prevalence of schizophrenia mental disorder reaches 1.7% of a thousand Indonesian population with a total of 400,000 sufferers. Schizophrenia has an impact on sufferers, one of which is hallucinations. Sufferers listen to murattal Al-Qur'an as a way to reduce hallucinations. To find out the results of applying Al-Qur'an murattal therapy to the level of auditory hallucination scale in schizophrenic patients at RSJD Dr. RM. Soedjarwadi Central Java Province. This research includes descriptive research with case studies. The results before implementing the murattal Al-Qur'an level of the auditory hallucination scale on Mr. M is moderate with an AHRS score of 16 and Mr. R is heavy with an AHRS score of 23. After implementing the murattal Al-Qur'an the level of the auditory hallucination scale on Mr. M is mild with an AHRS score of 9 and Mr. R is moderate with an AHRS score of 15. In the application that has been carried out, there are developments in 2 respondents, namely experiencing a decrease in the level of hallucinations of sufferers after listening to murattal Al-Qur'an. There is a comparison of development between the levels of the hallucination scale after and before listening to the murattal Al-Qur'an.
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Johns, Louise C., James Y. Nazroo, Paul Bebbington, and Elizabeth Kuipers. "Occurrence of hallucinatory experiences in a community sample and ethnic variations." British Journal of Psychiatry 180, no. 2 (February 2002): 174–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.180.2.174.
Full textAbstract:
BackgroundHallucinations typically are associated with severe psychiatric illness but also are reported by individuals with no psychiatric history.AimsTo examine the prevalence of hallucinations in White and ethnic minority samples using data from the Fourth National Survey of Ethnic Minorities.MethodInterviews of 5196 ethnic minority and 2867 White respondents were carried out. The respondents were screened for mental health problems and the Psychosis Screening Questionnaire asked about hallucinations. Those who screened positive underwent a validation interview using the Present State Examination.ResultsFour per cent of the White sample endorsed a hallucination question. Hallucinations were 2.5-fold higher in the Caribbean sample and half as common in the South Asian sample. Of those who reported hallucinatory experiences, only 25% met the criteria for psychosis.ConclusionsThe results provide an estimate of the annual prevalence of hallucinations in the general population. The variation across ethnic groups suggests cultural differences in these experiences. Hallucinations are not invariably associated with psychosis.