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Journal articles on the topic 'Halogen-free compounds'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 May 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Wei, Ming, Daniel Murphy, Carol Barry, and Joey Mead. "HALOGEN-FREE FLAME RETARDANTS FOR WIRE AND CABLE APPLICATIONS." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 83, no. 3 (2010): 282–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3525686.

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Abstract Flame retardants play a very important role in avoiding fire risks in wire and cable applications due to heat generation by current or outside sources. Halogen flame retardants are typically used to ensure good flammability. The halogen flame retardants, however, are under close scrutiny because of their potential to give off corrosive compounds when the materials are burned, as well as other safety, environmental, and health issues. For wire and cable industries, halogen-free flame retardant additives, such as nanoclays, nanotubes, aluminium trihydrate, or magnesium hydroxide are pot

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2

Gusarova, Nina K., Svetlana N. Arbuzova, and Boris A. Trofimov. "Novel general halogen-free methodology for the synthesis of organophosphorus compounds." Pure and Applied Chemistry 84, no. 3 (2012): 439–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac-con-11-07-11.

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The use of novel general halogen-free methodology for the synthesis of phosphines, phosphine chalcogenides, and phosphinic acids from elemental phosphorus and alkenes and alkynes in the superbase suspensions is described.

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3

Assim, K., M. Melzer, M. Korb та ін. "Bis(β-diketonato)- and allyl-(β-diketonato)-palladium(ii) complexes: synthesis, characterization and MOCVD application". RSC Advances 6, № 104 (2016): 102557–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra22887a.

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4

Khan, Imad, Nasir Shehzad, Iftikhar Ahmad, Zahid Ali, and S. Jalali-Asadabadi. "First-principle studies of the optoelectronic properties of ASnF3 (A = Na, K, Rb and Cs)." International Journal of Modern Physics B 31, no. 21 (2017): 1750148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021797921750148x.

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In this paper, we communicate a new type of Auger-free luminescence (AFL) compounds, alkali tin fluorides ASnF3 (A = Na, K, Rb and Cs). The luminescence in these compounds originates due to the electron transition from the top valence band (VB) of tin-[Formula: see text] orbital to the outermost core levels of halogen, i.e., halogen-[Formula: see text] orbital ([Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text] transitions). The AFL of these compounds is expected to be of L-type. Furthermore, the electronic band structures and optical properties such as dielectric functions, refractive index and energy l

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5

Svatikov, A. Yu, and I. D. Simonov-Emelyanov. "THE THERMAL STABILITY OF POLYMER CABLE COMPOUNDS WITH A FLAME-RETARDING FILLER." Fine Chemical Technologies 13, no. 6 (2018): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.32362/2410-6593-2018-13-6-35-41.

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Currently, halogen-free cable compositions are becoming increasingly common in the manufacture of cable compositions. The concept of halogen-free or “zero halogen” becomes a symbol of fire resistance, low-smoke characteristics, low toxicity of volatile products of combustion, the absence of the toxic, corrosive and irritating gas - hydrogen chloride - and other hydrogen halides in the volatile products. More and more manufacturers of cable products are beginning to pay increasing attention to the problems of processing, toxicity and fire safety. It should be noted that the requirements for imp

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6

Sun, Binlong, Xiaoyu Tian, Sen Yang, et al. "TBPEH-TBPB Initiate the Radical Addition of Benzaldehyde and Allyl Esters." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 22 (2022): 13704. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232213704.

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Tert-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate (TBPEH) and tert-butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) promote the radical acylation of allyl ester with benzaldehyde to synthesize new carbonyl-containing compounds under solvent-free and metal-free conditions. This reaction is compatible with electron-donating and halogen groups and has excellent atom utilization and chemical selectivity. Furthermore, the synthetic compounds can further apply to the preparation of lactone, piperidine, tetrazole and oxazole.

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7

Sauerwein, Reiner. "Excellent Flow- and Conveyance- Behaviour, Low Dust Emission and Outstanding Properties of Halogen Free Flame Retardant Compounds Realized by a New Generation of Aluminium-Tri-Hydrate." Polymers and Polymer Composites 11, no. 2 (2003): 203–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096739110301100202.

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“A new non-post treated fine precipitated aluminium-tri-hydrate quality has been developed, offering the basis for the next generation of halogen free flame retardant compounds. The paper outlines the excellent powder handling properties and the outstanding performance of highly filled polymers” Halogen free flame retardant plastics for cable insulation and sheathing, known as LSFOH (low smoke, free of halogen) compounds became large volume products since the market introduction of fine precipitated aluminium-tri-hydrates (ATH) qualities in the beginning of the 80's. While former ATH improveme

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8

Barbuceanu, Stefania-Felicia, Elena-Valentina Rosca, Theodora-Venera Apostol, et al. "New Heterocyclic Compounds from Oxazol-5(4H)-one and 1,2,4-Triazin-6(5H)-one Classes: Synthesis, Characterization and Toxicity Evaluation." Molecules 28, no. 12 (2023): 4834. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28124834.

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This paper describes the synthesis of new heterocycles from oxazol-5(4H)-one and 1,2,4-triazin-6(5H)-one classes containing a phenyl-/4-bromophenylsulfonylphenyl moiety. The oxazol-5(4H)-ones were obtained via condensation of 2-(4-(4-X-phenylsulfonyl)benzamido)acetic acids with benzaldehyde/4-fluorobenzaldehyde in acetic anhydride and in the presence of sodium acetate. The reaction of oxazolones with phenylhydrazine, in acetic acid and sodium acetate, yielded the corresponding 1,2,4-triazin-6(5H)-ones. The structures of the compounds were confirmed using spectral (FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, MS) a

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Edis, Haj Bloukh, Abu Sara, Bhakhoa, Rhyman, and Ramasami. "“Smart” Triiodide Compounds: Does Halogen Bonding Influence Antimicrobial Activities?" Pathogens 8, no. 4 (2019): 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens8040182.

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Antimicrobial agents containing symmetrical triiodides complexes with halogen bonding may release free iodine molecules in a controlled manner. This happens due to interactions with the plasma membrane of microorganisms which lead to changes in the structure of the triiodide anion. To verify this hypothesis, the triiodide complex [Na(12-crown-4)2]I3 was prepared by an optimized one-pot synthesis and tested against 18 clinical isolates, 10 reference strains of pathogens and five antibiotics. The antimicrobial activities of this symmetrical triiodide complex were determined by zone of inhibition

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10

Mishra, Nikita, and Dilip Vasava. "Recent developments in s-triazine holding phosphorus and nitrogen flame-retardant materials." Journal of Fire Sciences 38, no. 6 (2020): 552–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734904120952347.

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Flame retardants are chemical compounds when mixed or incorporated in to polymers provide varying degrees of flammability protection. Flammable polymeric materials are ubiquitous with a wide array of applications. However, recent studies have shown potential environmental and health concerns with certain halogen-containing flame retardants. Thus, it has now become a necessity to explore new and effective materials that are safer and environmentally benign. In this context, halogen-free phosphorus- and nitrogen-containing flame retardants have attracted much attention worldwide. Moreover, s-tri

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11

Pravst, Igor, Marko Zupan, and Stojan Stavber. "Introduction of Halogen Atoms into Organic Compounds Under Solvent- Free Reaction Conditions." Current Organic Chemistry 13, no. 1 (2009): 47–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138527209787193819.

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12

Ryu, Je Hong, Ki Seop Choi, and Whan Gun Kim. "Latent catalyst effects in halogen-free epoxy molding compounds for semiconductor encapsulation." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 96, no. 6 (2005): 2287–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.21001.

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13

Matteucci, Vanessa, Michela Meucci, Sara Haveriku, Camillo Cardelli, and Andrea Pucci. "Crystallinity of Halogen-Free Flame-Retardant Polyolefin Compounds Loaded with Natural Magnesium Hydroxide." Eng 5, no. 3 (2024): 2050–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/eng5030109.

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A typical halogen-free flame-retardant (HFFR) formulation for electric cables may contain polymers, various additives, and fire-retardant fillers. In this study, composites are prepared by mixing natural magnesium hydroxide (n-MDH) with linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) and a few types of ethylene–octene copolymers (C8-POE). Depending on the content of LLDPE and C8-POE, we obtained composites with different crystallinities that affected the final mechanical properties. The nucleation effect of the n-MDH and the variations in crystallinity caused by the blending of C8-POE/LLDPE/n-MDH were

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14

Gusarova, Nina K., Svetlana N. Arbuzova, and Boris A. Trofimov. "ChemInform Abstract: Novel General Halogen-Free Methodology for the Synthesis of Organophosphorus Compounds." ChemInform 43, no. 44 (2012): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.201244240.

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15

Moon, SungCheal, ByungWook Jo, and Richard J. Farris. "Flame resistance and foaming properties of NBR compounds with halogen-free flame retardants." Polymer Composites 30, no. 12 (2009): 1732–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pc.20794.

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16

Głowacki, Arkadiusz, Przemysław Rybiński, Monika Żelezik, and Ulugbek Zakirovich Mirkhodjaev. "Cage Nanofillers’ Influence on Fire Hazard and Toxic Gases Emitted during Thermal Decomposition of Polyurethane Foam." Polymers 16, no. 5 (2024): 645. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16050645.

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Polyurethane (PUR), as an engineering polymer, is widely used in many sectors of industries. However, the high fire risks associated with PUR, including the smoke density, a high heat release rate, and the toxicity of combustion products limit its applications in many fields. This paper presents the influence of silsesquioxane fillers, alone and in a synergistic system with halogen-free flame-retardant compounds, on reducing the fire hazard of polyurethane foams. The flammability of PUR composites was determined with the use of a pyrolysis combustion flow calorimeter (PCFC) and a cone calorime

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17

Kim, Woojung, and Dong Quy Hoang Thi. "Organo-phosphorus flame retardants when applied to acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer." Science and Technology Development Journal - Natural Sciences 1, no. 6 (2018): 192–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdjns.v1i6.629.

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In order to find an effective halogen-free flame retardant for acrylonitrile-butadienestyrene copolymer (ABS), organo-phosphorus compounds were studied and their flame retarding performances were determined by UL 94 vertical test. It is found that the flame retardancy strongly depends on phosphorus (P) content of organophosphorus compounds. Only the mixture of ABS with 2-(6-oxido-6Hdibenz< c,e><1,2>oxaphosphorin-6-yl) methyl diethyl phosphinate (ODOPM-DE), which has the highest P content, i.e., 17.68 % gives V-0 rating for the 70/30 composition.

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18

Markwart, Battig, Velencoso, Pollok, Schartel, and Wurm. "Aromatic vs. Aliphatic Hyperbranched Polyphosphoesters as Flame Retardants in Epoxy Resins." Molecules 24, no. 21 (2019): 3901. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24213901.

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The current trend for future flame retardants (FRs) goes to novel efficient halogen-free materials, due to the ban of several halogenated FRs. Among the most promising alternatives are phosphorus-based FRs, and of those, polymeric materials with complex shape have been recently reported. Herein, we present novel halogen-free aromatic and aliphatic hyperbranched polyphosphoesters (hbPPEs), which were synthesized by olefin metathesis polymerization and investigated them as a FR in epoxy resins. We compare their efficiency (aliphatic vs. aromatic) and further assess the differences between the mo

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19

Kikushima, Kotaro, Haruka Koyama, Kazuki Kodama, and Toshifumi Dohi. "Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution of Polyfluoroarene to Access Highly Functionalized 10-Phenylphenothiazine Derivatives." Molecules 26, no. 5 (2021): 1365. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26051365.

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Nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr) reactions can provide metal-free access to synthesize monosubstituted aromatic compounds. We developed efficient SNAr conditions for p-selective substitution of polyfluoroarenes with phenothiazine in the presence of a mild base to afford the corresponding 10-phenylphenothiazine (PTH) derivatives. The resulting polyfluoroarene-bearing PTH derivatives were subjected to a second SNAr reaction to generate highly functionalized PTH derivatives with potential applicability as photocatalysts for the reduction of carbon–halogen bonds.

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20

Luyt, Adriaan Stephanus, Sarah Shahid Malik, Soumia Abderrazak Gasmi, et al. "Halogen-Free Flame-Retardant Compounds. Thermal Decomposition and Flammability Behavior for Alternative Polyethylene Grades." Polymers 11, no. 9 (2019): 1479. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11091479.

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The effect of six halogen-free flame retardant (FR) formulations was investigated on the thermal stability of two low-density polyethylenes (LDPE) and one linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) under nitrogen and air atmosphere. The relative data were combined with flammability properties and the overall performance of the FRs was correlated with the type of branching in the polyethylene grades and to their processing behavior. The thermal degradation kinetics was further determined based on the Kissinger and Coats-Redfern methods. In terms of fla

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21

Lenz, Johannes U., Doris Pospiech, Hartmut Komber, et al. "Effective Halogen-Free Flame-Retardant Additives for Crosslinked Rigid Polyisocyanurate Foams: Comparison of Chemical Structures." Materials 16, no. 1 (2022): 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16010172.

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The impact of phosphorus-containing flame retardants (FR) on rigid polyisocyanurate (PIR) foams is studied by systematic variation of the chemical structure of the FR, including non-NCO-reactive and NCO-reactive dibenzo[d,f][1,3,2]dioxaphosphepine 6-oxide (BPPO)- and 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO)-containing compounds, among them a number of compounds not reported so far. These PIR foams are compared with PIR foams without FR and with standard FRs with respect to foam properties, thermal decomposition, and fire behavior. Although BPPO and DOPO differ by just one oxyg

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22

Porfyris, Athanasios D., Afxentis Vafeiadis, Christina I. Gkountela, et al. "Flame-Retarded and Heat-Resistant PP Compounds for Halogen-Free Low-Smoke Cable Protection Pipes (HFLS Conduits)." Polymers 16, no. 9 (2024): 1298. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16091298.

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Conduits are plastic tubes extensively used to safeguard electrical cables, traditionally made from PVC. Recent safety guidelines seek alternatives due to PVC’s emission of thick smoke and toxic gases upon fire incidents. Polypropylene (PP) is emerging as a viable alternative but requires modification with suitable halogen-free additives to attain flame retardancy (FR) while maintaining high mechanical strength and weathering resistance, especially for outdoor applications. The objective of this study was to develop two FR systems for PP: one comprising a cyclic phosphonate ester and a monomer

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23

Naskar, K., S. Mohanty, and G. B. Nando. "Development of thin-walled halogen-free cable insulation and halogen-free fire-resistant low-smoke cable-sheathing compounds based on polyolefin elastomer and ethylene vinyl acetate blends." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 104, no. 5 (2007): 2839–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.25870.

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24

Hwang, Chan-Yun, Jong-Seok Yang, Baek-Yong Sung, Ji-Yeon Kim, and Dae-Hee Park. "A Study on Mechanical Properties Improvement of Halogen-free Flame Retardant Compounds by Nanoclay Addition." Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers 28, no. 2 (2015): 126–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4313/jkem.2015.28.2.126.

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25

Gargala, Gilles, Laetitia Le Goff, Jean-Jacques Ballet, Loic Favennec, Andrew V. Stachulski, and Jean-François Rossignol. "Evaluation of New Thiazolide/Thiadiazolide Derivatives Reveals Nitro Group-Independent Efficacy against In Vitro Development of Cryptosporidium parvum." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 54, no. 3 (2010): 1315–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00614-09.

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ABSTRACT Thirty-nine new thiazolide/thiadiazolide compounds were compared with the nitrothiazole nitazoxanide for activity against Cryptosporidium parvum development in HCT-8 cells. Twenty-seven agents exerted ≥90% inhibition. Agents with a lower 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) than nitazoxanide were either NO2 or halogen 5 substituted on the thiazole moiety. Other 5 substitutions such as methyl, C3H7, C6H11, H, SO2CH3, and SCH3 negatively impacted activity. Five-substituted deacetylated analogues exhibited higher IC50s than their acetylated counterparts. Halogeno-thiazolide/thiadiazolides

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26

Rossi, Laura I., and Manuel I. Velasco. "Alternatives to free molecular halogens as chemoselective reactants: Catalysis of organic reactions with reusable complexes of halogen metal salts." Pure and Applied Chemistry 84, no. 3 (2012): 819–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac-con-11-07-13.

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Organometallic complexes of halogen metallic salts have been used as catalysts in different organic reactions, mainly the oxidation of organic compounds. Their use has not only allowed the reduction of the amounts of catalyst (since they can be reused) but also a lower generation of byproducts and wastes. The different reaction media developed through the research were analyzed by several green parameters, and the best results were obtained with complexes that have cyclodextrins as organic ligands. The proposed methodology is an alternative to use of molecular halogen as oxidant or catalyst wh

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27

Baby, Aloshy, Svetlana Tretsiakova-McNally, Malavika Arun, Paul Joseph, and Jianping Zhang. "Reactive and Additive Modifications of Styrenic Polymers with Phosphorus-Containing Compounds and Their Effects on Fire Retardance." Molecules 25, no. 17 (2020): 3779. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25173779.

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Polystyrene, despite its high flammability, is widely used as a thermal insulation material for buildings, for food packaging, in electrical and automotive industries, etc. A number of modification routes have been explored to improve the fire retardance and boost the thermal stability of commercially important styrene-based polymeric products. The earlier strategies mostly involved the use of halogenated fire retardants. Nowadays, these compounds are considered to be persistent pollutants that are hazardous to public and environmental health. Many well-known halogen-based fire retardants, reg

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28

Ma, Sheng-Nan, Jin-Ping Guan, Xian-Wei Cheng, Guoqiang Chen, and Wei-Hua Guo. "Caramel doped with aromatic compounds as halogen- and phosphorus-free flame-retardant strategy for wool fabric." International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 280 (November 2024): 136142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.136142.

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29

Thirumal, M., Dipak Khastgir, G. B. Nando, Y. P. Naik, and Nikhil K. Singha. "Halogen-free flame retardant PUF: Effect of melamine compounds on mechanical, thermal and flame retardant properties." Polymer Degradation and Stability 95, no. 6 (2010): 1138–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2010.01.035.

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30

KICKO-WALCZAK, EWA. "Novel halogen-free flame retardants - flame retardation of unsaturated polyester resins with use of boron compounds." Polimery 53 (February 2008): 126–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.14314/polimery.2008.126.

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31

Habibah, A. I. H. Dayang, and Abd Rahim Ruhida. "The Effects of Halogen-Free Flame Retardant Additives in Epoxidized Natural Rubber (ENR)." Advanced Materials Research 1107 (June 2015): 131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1107.131.

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Legislation on fire safety requirements especially in the USA and UK has been the driving force behind the use of halogen-free flame retardants (FR) in recent years. The present study describes the effect of inorganic fillers, namely aluminium hydroxides (ATH) on epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) in order to increase its flame retardant capability. Two different types of ATH, a standard type Apyral 60 CD (ATH 60) and a submicron sized Apyral 200 SM (ATH 200) were used. The flame-retardant ENR composite was characterized by limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL-94V, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)

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Linh, Pham Thi Thuy, and Hoang Thi Dong Quy. "Thermoplastic polyurethane flame retardant using phosphorus/phosphorus-nitrogen compounds." Science and Technology Development Journal - Natural Sciences 2, no. 1 (2019): 91–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdjns.v2i1.680.

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In order to improve fire performance of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) material, halogen-free flame retardants (triphenylphosphate- TPP and diamonium hydrogen phosphate-DAP) were studied in an attempt to obtain UL-94V ratings. The fire behaviors and thermal stability properties were evaluated using UL-94 vertical test and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The UL- 94V results showed that V-0 ratings were achieved at 5 wt% of DAP or 7.5 wt% loading of TPP. The incorporation of these flame retardant (FR) increases the flame retardant properties as well as the amounts of charred residues protect

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Vaz, Patrícia A. A. M., João Rocha, Artur M. S. Silva, and Samuel Guieu. "Benzimidazole-Based N,O Boron Complexes as Deep Blue Solid-State Fluorophores." Materials 14, no. 15 (2021): 4298. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14154298.

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Benzimidazole-based boranils were designed and synthesized in order to assess the influence of halogen substituents on their optoelectronic properties. All compounds are photoluminescent in solution and solid state. Compared to the free ligands, the new boranils emit at a lower wavelength, by elimination of the excited-state intramolecular proton transfer observed with the ligands. In the solid state, some of the boranils exhibit a deep blue emission, presenting Commission Internationale de l’Éclairage (CIE) coordinates with an x-component of less than 0.16 and a y-component smaller than 0.04,

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Hu, Yixin, Lihong Zhou, and Wenjun Lu. "Transition-Metal- and Halogen-Free Oxidation of Benzylic sp3 C–H Bonds to Carbonyl Groups Using Potassium Persulfate." Synthesis 49, no. 17 (2017): 4007–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1588429.

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Aryl carbonyl compounds including acetophenones, benzophenones, imides, and benzoic acids are prepared from benzyl substrates using potassium persulfate as oxidant with catalytic pyridine in acetonitrile under mild conditions. Neither transition metals nor halogens are involved in the reactions.

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Martínez-Cifuentes, Maximiliano, Boris Weiss-López, and Ramiro Araya-Maturana. "Theoretical Study about the Effect of Halogen Substitution on the Reactivity of Antitumor 3-Formylchromones and Their Free Radicals." Journal of Chemistry 2017 (2017): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/9254831.

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The mandatory presence of a chlorine atom on the aromatic ring of 6-hydroxy-3-formyl angular chromones, on the respiration inhibition of mammary carcinoma mouse, is explained through a computational study of these compounds. This study analyzes the reactivity of the neutral molecules and their free radicals, in gas phase and with water solvation, incorporated by the polarizable continuum medium (PCM) approach. Electrophilic reactivities were evaluated using Fukui (f+) and Parr (P+) functions. The stabilities of radical species formed by the abstraction of a hydrogen atom from the O-H bond were

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McGuigan, C., S. Turner, S. R. Nicholls, T. J. O'Connor, and D. Kinchington. "Haloalkyl Phosphate Derivatives of AZT as Inhibitors of HIV: Studies in the Phosphate Region." Antiviral Chemistry and Chemotherapy 5, no. 3 (1994): 162–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095632029400500304.

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Novel haloalkyl phosphate derivatives of the anti-HIV nucleoside analogue AZT were prepared by phosphorochloridate chemistry. These materials were designed to act as labile membrane-soluble prodrugs of the bio-active free nucleotides. In vitro evaluation revealed the compounds to have a pronounced and selective antiviral action, which varied greatly with the structure of the phosphate moiety. By comparison to simple dialkyl phosphates, which are inactive against HIV-1, the introduction of halogen atoms into the alkyl (phosphate) chains led to anti-HIV activity. Although halogen substitution in

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37

Nguyen, Hung Kim, Wataru Sakai, and Congtranh Nguyen. "Preparation of a Novel Flame Retardant Formulation for Cotton Fabric." Materials 13, no. 1 (2019): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13010054.

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A novel halogen-free flame-retardant formulation was prepared and coated onto cotton fabrics. The structure of phosphorus compounds in the system was characterized by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR). Results from the ATR-FTIR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analyses presented that the flame retardant was coated successfully onto a cotton surface. We investigated the thermal stability and fire-retardant behaviors of cotton fabrics

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Perin, Gelson, Patrick Nobre, Daniela Mailahn та ін. "Synthesis of 4-Organoselanyl-1H-pyrazoles: Oxone®-Mediated Electrophilic Cyclization of α,β-Alkynyl Hydrazones by Using Diorganyl Diselenides". Synthesis 51, № 11 (2019): 2293–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1611747.

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A simple and efficient method for the synthesis of 4‑organoselanyl-1H-pyrazoles has been developed, taking place under metal- and halogen-free conditions. Electrophilic species of selenium were easily generated in situ by the reaction of diorganyl diselenides with Oxone® in ethanol as solvent in an open-flask at 70 °C. These electrophilic selenium species were employed in the selenylation/cyclization of α,β-alkynyl hydrazones, giving the title compounds in moderate to excellent yields. The final species of selenium obtained from the reaction of diphenyl diselenide with Oxone® were characterize

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Hwang, Chan-Yun, Jong-Seok Yang, Baeg-Yong Seong, Ji-Yeon Kim, and Dae-Hee Park. "A Study on Perpendicular Flame Retardant Characteristic Improvement of Halogen-free Flame Retardant Compounds by Nanoclay Addition." Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers 28, no. 1 (2015): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4313/jkem.2015.28.1.51.

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Cogen, Jeffrey M., Thomas S. Lin, and Richard E. Lyon. "Correlations between pyrolysis combustion flow calorimetry and conventional flammability tests with halogen-free flame retardant polyolefin compounds." Fire and Materials 33, no. 1 (2009): 33–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fam.980.

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Fitri, Tengku Anggia, Rudi Hendra, and Adel Zamri. "One-pot synthesis and molecular docking study of pyrazoline derivatives as an anticancer agent." Pharmacy Education 23, no. 2 (2023): 260–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.46542/pe.2023.232.260265.

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Background: Pyrazoline is a series of heterocyclics with an N–N bond linkage, which is the determining factor in their biological activities, including anticancer. Objectives: This research aims to synthesise pyrazoline derivative compounds with anticancer potential. Method: 4-Metoxyacetophenon, halogen-substituted benzaldehyde, and phenylhydrazine were used to prepare pyrazoline derivatives (4a, b) under basic conditions using a microwave-assisted, one-pot, three-component reaction method. UV, FTIR, 1H-NMR, and HRMS spectrometers were used to confirm the molecular structure of pyrazolines (4a

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Gatos, Konstantinos G., Nikolaos Apostolopoulos, Anastasios C. Patsidis, and Georgios C. Psarras. "Effect of Carbonate Mineral Fillers on the Dielectric Properties and Fire Resistance of Polar and Non-Polar Halogen-Free Flame-Retardant Polymer Compounds." Journal of Composites Science 8, no. 12 (2024): 529. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs8120529.

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In the present work, carbonate minerals are added in non-polar and polar polymer matrices to develop halogen-free flame-retardant composites. The examined fillers of calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate delivered improved rheological performance in both non-polar (PE) and polar (EVA/PE) polymer compounds compared to the natural magnesium hydroxide and huntite/hydromagnesite mineral fillers. The presence of EVA in the matrix enhanced the mechanical behavior of all compounds in tensile testing. The thermal stability of the composites was particularly improved for the polar systems with the

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Koo, J. H., Y. Wang, T. P. Kurosu, et al. "Characteristics of tropospheric ozone depletion events in the Arctic spring: analysis of the ARCTAS, ARCPAC, and ARCIONS measurements and satellite BrO observations." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 12, no. 7 (2012): 16219–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-12-16219-2012.

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Abstract. Arctic ozone depletion events (ODEs) are due to catalytic ozone loss driven by halogen chemistry. The presence of ODEs is affected not only by in situ chemistry but also by transport including advection of ozone-poor air mass and vertical mixing. To better characterize the ODEs, we analyze the combined set of surface, ozonesonde, and aircraft in situ measurements of ozone and bromine compounds during the Arctic Research of the Composition of the Troposphere from Aircraft and Satellites (ARCTAS) and the Aerosol, Radiation, and Cloud Processes affecting Arctic Climate (ARCPAC) experime

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Lehrer, E., G. Hönninger, and U. Platt. "The mechanism of halogen liberation in the polar troposphere." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 4, no. 3 (2004): 3607–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-4-3607-2004.

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Abstract. Sudden depletions of tropospheric ozone during spring were reported from the Arctic and also from Antarctic coastal sites. Field studies showed that those depletion events are caused by reactive halogen species, especially bromine compounds. However the source and seasonal variation of reactive halogen species is still not completely understood. There are several indications that the halogen mobilisation from the sea ice surface of the polar oceans may be the most important source for the necessary halogens. Here we present a 1-D model study aimed at determining the primary source of

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Lehrer, E., G. Hönninger, and U. Platt. "A one dimensional model study of the mechanism of halogen liberation and vertical transport in the polar troposphere." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 4, no. 11/12 (2004): 2427–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-4-2427-2004.

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Abstract. Sudden depletions of tropospheric ozone during spring were reported from the Arctic and also from Antarctic coastal sites. Field studies showed that those depletion events are caused by reactive halogen species, especially bromine compounds. However the source and seasonal variation of reactive halogen species is still not completely understood. There are several indications that the halogen mobilisation from the sea ice surface of the polar oceans may be the most important source for the necessary halogens. Here we present a one dimensional model study aimed at determining the prima

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Gilman, J. B., J. F. Burkhart, B. M. Lerner, et al. "Ozone variability and halogen oxidation within the Arctic and sub-Arctic springtime boundary layer." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 10, no. 6 (2010): 15885–919. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-15885-2010.

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Abstract. The influence of halogen oxidation on the variabilities of ozone (O3) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) within the Arctic and sub-Arctic atmospheric boundary layer was investigated using field measurements from multiple campaigns conducted in March and April 2008 as part of the POLARCAT project. For the ship-based measurements, a high degree of correlation (r=0.98 for 544 data points collected north of 68° N) was observed between the acetylene to benzene ratio, used as a marker for halogen oxidation, and O3 signifying the vast influence of bromine oxidation throughout the ice-fre

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Gilman, J. B., J. F. Burkhart, B. M. Lerner, et al. "Ozone variability and halogen oxidation within the Arctic and sub-Arctic springtime boundary layer." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 10, no. 21 (2010): 10223–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-10223-2010.

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Abstract. The influence of halogen oxidation on the variabilities of ozone (O3) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) within the Arctic and sub-Arctic atmospheric boundary layer was investigated using field measurements from multiple campaigns conducted in March and April 2008 as part of the POLARCAT project. For the ship-based measurements, a high degree of correlation (r = 0.98 for 544 data points collected north of 68° N) was observed between the acetylene to benzene ratio, used as a marker for chlorine and bromine oxidation, and O3 signifying the vast influence of halogen oxidation through

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Marx, Rupert, and Hans Michael Mayer. "Darstellung und Lithiumteilstruktur von Lithiumnitridtribromid, Li6NBr3 und Lithiumnitridtriiodid, Li6NI3 / Preparation and Lithium Sublattice of Lithium Nitride Trihalides, Li6NHal3 (Hal = Br, I)." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 51, no. 4 (1996): 525–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1996-0415.

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Abstract Single phase Li6NBr3 was prepared by the reaction of Li3N and dry, OH-free LiBr at 450°C. It is the most bromide rich compound in the quasi binary system Li3-2xN1-xBrx. The crystal structures of Li6NBr3 and of isotypic Li6NI3, have been redetermined from neutron powder diffraction data. Both compounds crystallize in the cubic space group Fm3m (No. 225), a(Li6NBr3) = 894.18(7), a(Li6NI3) = 951.7(1) pm with 4 formula units per unit cell. The anion sublattice comprises a rock salt like arrangement of N with one of the three halogen atoms (Hal1), with the remaining halogen atoms in the re

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Luo, Mengna, Mengyuan Wang, Shanshan Chang, Ning He, Guangzhi Shan, and Yunying Xie. "Halogenase-Targeted Genome Mining Leads to the Discovery of (±) Pestalachlorides A1a, A2a, and Their Atropisomers." Antibiotics 11, no. 10 (2022): 1304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11101304.

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Genome mining has become an important tool for discovering new natural products and identifying the cryptic biosynthesis gene clusters. Here, we utilized the flavin-dependent halogenase GedL as the probe in combination with characteristic halogen isotope patterns to mine new halogenated secondary metabolites from our in-house fungal database. As a result, two pairs of atropisomers, pestalachlorides A1a (1a)/A1b (1b) and A2a (2a)/A2b (2b), along with known compounds pestalachloride A (3) and SB87-H (4), were identified from Pestalotiopsis rhododendri LF-19-12. A plausible biosynthetic assembly

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Niu, Ying Jian, and Ling Yang. "Thermogravimetric Evaluation of Magnesium Hydroxide and Red Phosphorous Flame Retarded Methyl Vinyl Silicone Rubber." Advanced Materials Research 396-398 (November 2011): 162–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.396-398.162.

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Halogen free fire-retardant silicon rubber compounds were prepared, using red phosphorus combined with magnesium hydroxide as flame retardants. The flame retardant mechanisms of red phosphorus, magnesium hydroxide were studied by means of comprehensive decomposition studies and combustion tests. The study is intended to illuminate prerequisites and the potential of red phosphorus as a fire retardant for silicone rubber in the condensed phase. The flammability was determined by limited oxygen indices （LOI） and UL 94 test. Thermo-oxidative decomposition kinetics were characterized by thermo-grav

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