Journal articles: 'Handheld controller'

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Konstantyan, Vladislav N., Sergey A. Sheptunov, and Umar M. Yakhutlov. "FLIGHT SIMULATOR WIRELESS HANDHELD POSITION CONTROLLER." Electrical and data processing facilities and systems 14, no. 4 (December 2018): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.17122/1999-5458-2018-14-4-54-59.

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Masurovsky, Alexander, Paul Chojecki, Detlef Runde, Mustafa Lafci, David Przewozny, and Michael Gaebler. "Controller-Free Hand Tracking for Grab-and-Place Tasks in Immersive Virtual Reality: Design Elements and Their Empirical Study." Multimodal Technologies and Interaction 4, no. 4 (December 12, 2020): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mti4040091.

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Hand tracking enables controller-free interaction with virtual environments, which can, compared to traditional handheld controllers, make virtual reality (VR) experiences more natural and immersive. As naturalness hinges on both technological and user-based features, fine-tuning the former while assessing the latter can be used to increase usability. For a grab-and-place use case in immersive VR, we compared a prototype of a camera-based hand tracking interface (Leap Motion) with customized design elements to the standard Leap Motion application programming interface (API) and a traditional controller solution (Oculus Touch). Usability was tested in 32 young healthy participants, whose performance was analyzed in terms of accuracy, speed and errors as well as subjective experience. We found higher performance and overall usability as well as overall preference for the handheld controller compared to both controller-free solutions. While most measures did not differ between the two controller-free solutions, the modifications made to the Leap API to form our prototype led to a significant decrease in accidental drops. Our results do not support the assumption of higher naturalness for hand tracking but suggest design elements to improve the robustness of controller-free object interaction in a grab-and-place scenario.

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Zhong, Tao, and Hai Fang. "Design of Human-Machine Interaction for Motor Controller of Vehicle." Advanced Materials Research 1006-1007 (August 2014): 650–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1006-1007.650.

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The research on the motor controller is the key link in the process of the development of electric vehicles. The motor controller can make the data exchange between the power systems to meet the requirements of simple and rapid with high reliability, strong anti-interference ability, good real-time performance, error detection and good isolation capability, which plays a vital role in the development of electric vehicles. High reliability of motor controller is very important, in order to work safety, besides the reliable software and hardware system, it is necessary to control the motor controller with some convenient devices. Handheld programmer of electric vehicles has been developed for this purpose. For the operator operating the equipment effectively and conveniently, provide effective safety guarantee for the controller, programmable handheld programmer can be operated simply through buttons on the programmer by operators, so as to control the operation of motors and the operation of electric vehicles.

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Cui, Bang Jun. "Short-Range Wireless Technology in Electric Power Equipment Application." Applied Mechanics and Materials 494-495 (February 2014): 1534–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.494-495.1534.

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In this paper, short-range communication technology, power transmission or for certain control devices, has developed an easy to monitor and control the local portable handheld device, meet people based portable monitoring requirements, first, short-range wireless communication module design, followed by the portable handheld device and GIS controller design, and ultimately lower PC and wireless communication between machines. To achieve the purpose of the portable control.

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Li, Bo, Hong Ying Dai, and Hui Fei Cheng. "Research of Smart Home System Based on Handheld Device." Applied Mechanics and Materials 596 (July 2014): 188–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.596.188.

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With the development of science and technology, Samrt Home system has become more and more widely used. In this paper, Smart Home system, based on the handheld device, using ZigBee and WIFI technology to build the internal network, and with the detailed design of the handheld device as the controller center, realizes its control of Smart Home, which also provides an universal solution to the Smart Home.

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Boksuwan, Sungwan, Taworn Benjanarasuth, Chisato Kanamori, and Hisayuki Aoyama. "Robust Hybrid Control for Two-Dimensional Handheld Micromanipulator." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 26, no. 3 (June 20, 2014): 331–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2014.p0331.

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<div class=""abs_img""><img src=""[disp_template_path]/JRM/abst-image/00260003/06.jpg"" width=""300"" />A handheld micromanipulator</div> This paper proposes a two-dimensional handheld micromanipulator oriented toward bio cell handling. The micromanipulator consists of two flexible links, each of which is constructed with a parallel beam structure. Electric coils and permanent magnets are used to produce an actuator to form double drivers. An explicit model predictive control combined with a PID controller called a robust hybrid control is proposed not only to achieve robust tracking performance, but also to dampen the vibration of the mechanism. The experimental results are compared to results from a standard PID controller to investigate the effectiveness of the micromanipulator.

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Redden, Elizabeth S., Linda R. Elliott, Rodger A. Pettitt, and Christian B. Carstens. "Scaling Robotic Systems for Dismounted Warfighters." Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making 5, no. 2 (June 2011): 156–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1555343411409315.

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As robot usage becomes more widespread, there is a pressing need to develop smaller, lighter robotic control systems that have good training transfer from larger systems; do not overload the operator cognitively or physically; and enable good performance across a variety of settings. This article describes four experiments designed to investigate options for scaling robot controllers for dismounted use. The authors evaluated many different controller characteristics, chosen from consideration of available options and guided by factors expected to affect operator performance in realistic missions. These factors included camera display screen size, comparisons of handheld versus head-mounted displays and split screen displays versus toggle-driven and multimodal displays, and three approaches to reducing the size of the control interface. Each configuration examined was chosen on the basis of theory-based expectations and availability of technology. Participants were 108 soldiers from various military occupational specialties with ages ranging from 21 to 38. Results demonstrated the following fruitful methods for reducing controller size: reducing driving displays to between 3.5 and 6.5 inches, using handheld displays (HHDs), adding a tactile belt to a toggle screen for driving and map reading, and miniaturizing existing control size. All recommended options for reducing controller size had no adverse impact on cognitive requirements or performance.

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Zhao, Li Hui, Hong Zhe Yang, and Chun Bao Huo. "The Design of Railway Wagon Anti-Theft System Based on the CC2430." Advanced Materials Research 614-615 (December 2012): 1307–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.614-615.1307.

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This paper proposed a railway wagon anti-theft system based on ZigBee technology. The system was consisted of Handheld device, Router and End device. The Handheld device was mainly used for the configuration of the net and initialization. The Router was used to relay the message between the Handheld device and End device. The End device was a monitoring node. The CC2430 microprocessor was the controller of the system. The magnetic sensor was used to monitor the status of the wagon door. The alarm information would be transmitted to the Handheld device to display and alarm. RFID technology was used to mark the number of train carriages. In addition, GPRS module was used for transmitting the wagon information to the remote PC, and finishing wireless long-distance monitor. The experiments verify the reliability of the system. It is proved that the system has a certain application value.

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Wang, Haixia, Yuliang Wang, Yaozong Sun, Qiong Pu, and Xiao Lu. "On the small fiber-coupled laser controller for animal robot." Assembly Automation 36, no. 2 (April 4, 2016): 146–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aa-11-2015-097.

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Purpose Because of the inconvenience and inflexibility of the laser controller, the applied range of optogenetics is limited. This paper aims to present the design of a portable remote-controlled laser controller system, including the remote-controlled system and the laser stimulator. Design/methodology/approach The remote-controlled system is handheld, which can wirelessly adjust the power and the emitting frequency of the laser by utilizing the ZigBee module. Findings The laser stimulator can be mounted on the animal as it is light weight (35 g) and small in size (40 × 40 × 20 mm), and its power and frequency can be appropriately adjusted by changing the current amplitude and duty radio. In the end, the experiments verify the reliability and effectiveness of the laser controller. Originality/value In virtue of the modular design of the driven circuit and the reasonable layout, the whole system has the advantages of small volume, convenient control and high stability, which provide the convenience for the development of portable optogenetics animal robot experiment and has broad market prospects.

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Putro, Nur Achmad Sulistyo, Andi Dharmawan, and Tri Kuntoro Priyambodo. "Quadrotor Control System with Hand Movement Sign as an Alternative Remote Control." IAES International Journal of Robotics and Automation (IJRA) 6, no. 2 (June 1, 2017): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijra.v6i2.pp131-140.

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Quadrotor is an unmanned aerial vehicle which is controlled by remote control. Unfortunately, not all of the remote control are easy to use, especially for people who have lacking abilities in piloting. This study aims to design a prototype system to control quadrotor using hand movements, as an alternative to the conventional remote control that more simple. This system is consists of 2 parts, quadrotor and handheld. Both systems can communicate wirelessly using radio frequency 2.4 GHz. The handheld system will read the orientation angle of the hand by IMU sensor and it will be converted into a command to determine the direction motion of the quadrotor. To get the orientation angle from the IMU sensor data, we used DCM sensor fusion method. Quadrotor needs a control system that can make its respond runs optimally. In this study, the method of the control system that used is PID controller. The PID gain obtained using Ziegler-Nichols oscillation method and then fixed again by fine-tuned method.

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Shim, Shinyong, Seunghyeon Yun, Sunhyo Kim, Gwang Jin Choi, Changhoon Baek, Jungwoo Jang, Younginha Jung, et al. "A handheld neural stimulation controller for avian navigation guided by remote control." Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering 30, no. 5-6 (January 20, 2020): 497–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/bme-191070.

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Tang, Shu Feng, Shi Hui Chen, Peng Zhou, Biao Wang, and Xiao Hong Guo. "The Development of Underground Power Transmission Line Inspection Robot." Applied Mechanics and Materials 494-495 (February 2014): 1127–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.494-495.1127.

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The small underground power transmission Line inspection track robot is developed. The robot is composed of left and right track walking mechanisms driven independently and camera tripod head with better environmental adaptability and flexibility of movement. The robot is controlled by wireless remote control mode. The portable handheld controller is also developed with communication, control, display and storage function. The inspection work experiment at the cable room of 110kV underground substation has been done using this robot. The result indicates that the inspection robot has better flexibility of movement, better reliability of communication and better convenience of operation, which is the better method for underground power transmission Line inspection.

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Deng, Cheng-Long, Peng Geng, Yi-Fei Hu, and Shu-Guang Kuai. "Beyond Fitts’s Law: A Three-Phase Model Predicts Movement Time to Position an Object in an Immersive 3D Virtual Environment." Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 61, no. 6 (March 26, 2019): 879–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018720819831517.

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Objective:The study examines the factors determining the movement time (MT) of positioning an object in an immersive 3D virtual environment.Background:Positioning an object into a prescribed area is a fundamental operation in a 3D space. Although Fitts’s law models the pointing task very well, it does not apply to a positioning task in an immersive 3D virtual environment since it does not consider the effect of object size in the positioning task.Method:Participants were asked to position a ball-shaped object into a spherical area in a virtual space using a handheld or head-tracking controller in the ray-casting technique. We varied object size (OS), movement amplitude (A), and target tolerance (TT). MT was recorded and analyzed in three phases: acceleration, deceleration, and correction.Results:In the acceleration phase, MT was inversely related to object size and positively proportional to movement amplitude. In the deceleration phase, MT was primarily determined by movement amplitude. In the correction phase, MT was affected by all three factors. We observed similar results whether participants used a handheld controller or head-tracking controller. We thus propose a three-phase model with different formulae at each phase. This model fit participants’ performance very well.Conclusion:A three-phase model can successfully predict MT in the positioning task in an immersive 3D virtual environment in the acceleration, deceleration, and correction phases, separately.Application:Our model provides a quantitative framework for researchers and designers to design and evaluate 3D interfaces for the positioning task in a virtual space.

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Huo, Chun Bao, Chun Ling Liu, and Cai Juan Zhang. "Design of Monitoring Device for Goods Train Based on Zigbee Technology." Advanced Materials Research 299-300 (July 2011): 836–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.299-300.836.

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Design and implementation of system of wireless-monitoring for goods train is based on ZigBee technology. The system is consisted of ZigBee monitoring nodes on-site and handheld display terminal. The JN5139 wireless microprocessor is used as the master controller for ZigBee monitoring nodes, which is produced by JENNIC Ltd. in Britain. ZigBee device nodes automatically form wireless sensor networks, and use door magnetic sensor circuit which has high sensitivity and fast response to monitor the status of the door. The alarm information about the status of the door will be transmitted to the handheld wireless terminal to display and alarm. RFID technology is useful in conditions that mobile and car numbers are arbitrarily setted for freight transport in the process of practical design. Furthermore, modular design is used to facilitate the maintenance of the system and improve the capabilities of real-time, reliability, stability and anti-jamming.

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Jenny, Bernhard, Kadek Ananta Satriadi, Yalong Yang, Christopher R. Austin, Simond Lee, Nian Chan, Maxime Cordeil, and Barrett Ens. "Interacting with Maps in Virtual and Augmented Reality." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-147-2019.

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Abstract. Augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) technology are increasingly used for the analysis and visualisation of geospatial data. It has become simple to create an immersive three-dimensional AR or VR map with a combination of game engines (e.g., Unity), software development kits for streaming and rendering geospatial data (e.g., Mapbox), and affordable hardware (e.g., HTC Vive). However, it is not clear how to best interact with geospatial visualisations in AR and VR. For example, there are no established standards to efficiently zoom and pan, select map features, or place markers on AR and VR maps. In this paper, we explore interaction with AR and VR maps using gestures and handheld controllers.As for gesture-controlled interaction, we present the results of recent research projects exploring how body gestures can control basic AR and VR map operations. We use motion-tracking controllers (e.g., Leap Motion) to capture and interpret gestures. We conducted a set of user studies to identify, explore and compare various gestures for controlling map-related operations. This includes, for example, mid-air hand gestures for zooming and panning (Satriadi et al. 2019), selecting points of interest, adjusting the orientation of maps, or placing markers on maps. Additionally, we present novel VR interfaces and interaction methods for controlling the content of maps with gestures.As for handheld controllers, we discuss interaction with exocentric globes, egocentric globes (where the user stands inside a large virtual globe), flat maps, and curved maps in VR. We demonstrate controller-based interaction for adjusting the centre of world maps displayed on these four types of projection surfaces (Yang et al. 2018), and illustrate the utility of interactively movable VR maps by the example of three-dimensional origin-destination flow maps (Yang et al. 2019).

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Huang, Li Hua, Xi En Ye, and Xin Jun Shi. "The Design and Application of WiFi-Smart Socket in Smart Home." Advanced Materials Research 902 (February 2014): 274–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.902.274.

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Smart home system mainly consists of home networking, home wireless LAN and the external network components. It will achieve the intelligentize and informatization of the home furnishing. Smart socket is one of which belongs to the smart home terminal devices. This article is to talk about smart socket. The core chips of this system are Texas Instruments CC3000MOD and MSP430FR5739MCU. Using WiFi wireless communications technology control and process signals coming from the side of the handheld PDA. Controller side can support two software platforms IAR or CCS. This design uses IAR workbench. PDA client software using the Android operating system is used to receive and process analog signals from controller side. In this paper, WiFi wireless transmission technology as the basis, based on IEEE802.11b/g wireless protocol, It achieves a WiFi wireless communication system for remote or local client and terminal equipment, enabling the intelligent control of the home furnishing.

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Kwan, Kevin, Benjamin Caldwell, Jeffrey Morse, John O'Day, Bernard C. Laskowski, Teng K. Ooi, and Aaron Corder. "Wireless Sensors with Advanced Detection and Prognostic Capabilities for Corrosion Health Management." Advanced Materials Research 38 (March 2008): 123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.38.123.

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Analatom, Inc. is developing the Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) system using its Linear Polarization Resistance (LPR) corrosion sensors combined with a Texas Instruments MSP430 microprocessor for lower weight, lower power, higher sensitivity, and lower cost than conventional sensor systems. The system provides both strain and corrosion measurements in a package a few mils thick. This combination of data provides critical assessment of structural health, leading to prediction of failure. The MEMS sensors are permanently installed in a highvalued structure, such as a building, bridge or aircraft, and are connected to a data acquisition node. Data transmission and downloading uses a MaxStream ZigBee/IEEE 802.15.4 compliant chip for a wireless, self-organizing network that has low power requirements. The sensor network provides a low-cost, non-intrusive way to detect failures, or to signal ahead of time that preventative maintenance needs to be undertaken to prevent future more expensive replacement. Analatom, Inc. has developed the basic technology for a Portable Maintenance Support Tool (PMST). The device is unique and novel in that it uses a Micro Controller Unit in a handheld device to perform data analysis whilst maintaining a link with a Personal Computer based database for further support. The handheld prototype with a Liquid Crystal Display (LED) touch screen GUI takes readings from a variety of sensors and transfers the data wirelessly to a central PC hub. The handheld unit using the downloaded data from the sensor network can then provide a graphic display and additionally transfer those data to a workstation for further data analysis. Analatom, Inc. builds on its corrosion system platform (sensors, data acquisition unit, data storage) to develop a multiplexed system to obtain data from a variety of sensors, while further developing real time intelligent algorithms to monitor corrosion rates.

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Han, Jianhai, Xiangpan Li, and Qi Qin. "Design of Two-Wheeled Self-Balancing Robot Based on Sensor Fusion Algorithm." International Journal of Automation Technology 8, no. 2 (March 5, 2014): 216–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2014.p0216.

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A two-wheeled, self-balancing robot is proposed using 6-axis MEMS sensors MPU6050 to measure its posture. The sensors integrated with a 3-axis gyroscope and a 3-axis accelerometer, can output the inclination of the robot based on sensor fusion algorithm. A handheld remote controller sends out commands to the robot such as forward, back, and turning around. According to the inclination and orientation commands, a 16-bit MCU using the PID control algorithm calculates the required control voltage for the motors, to adjust the robot’s posture and keep the body balanced. In this paper, the principle of the sensor fusion algorithm is fully described, and its effects are verified through related experiments. The experimental results show that the proposed robot is practical and able to balance using inexpensive MEMS sensors.

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Elazari, Ami. "Solar Power Devices for Providing Power to Handheld Devices: Field of the Invention." Solid State Phenomena 97-98 (April 2004): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.97-98.115.

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Battery powered mobile appliances have been booming for years. Examples include power tools, laptop computers and mobile phones. A photovoltaic power supply makes batterypowered appliances more practical for users, since the batteries don't go flat. The idea of a solar bag for PDAs and mobile phones was born to satisfy energy needs while traveling, hiking, climbing, sailing, cruising especially for sales people and businesspersons when electricity is not available. The success of the photovoltaic power supply is largely determined by lighting conditions: outdoors, a device is exposed to solar intensities of up to 1000w/m but indoors, under artificial desktop lighting or outdoors during overcast weather, the value decreases to 100w/m. The cells should provide close to maximum voltage already for very low illumination and for a very small area of cells for cellular phones, laptops and PDAs. These specifications are well met by highefficiency cells exceeding 14-15% efficiency in our devices. We have developed a solar charging device for commercially available PDAs, mobile phones and laptops. The charging device consists of a 9-30 solar cell generator connected in string using black on black technology with an area of 5×12 cm and 1.5 watt related power with a low loss charge controller for the Li-Ion battery in the PDAs and mobile phones, and a 33×33 cm 10w power device for the laptops. The present invention is related to solar power devices, which are capable of performing the conversion of solar energy to electrical energy (photovoltaic principle), and in particular which are useful for providing power to handheld devices, whether indoors (inside of a building or other enclosure) or outdoors (outside of a building or other enclosure).

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BO, YE, SUN ZHENJUN, CHEN YAQI, ZHANG HONGHAI, and LIU SHENG. "A NEW MAGNETIC CONTROL METHOD FOR SPIRAL-TYPE WIRELESS CAPSULE ENDOSCOPE." Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology 16, no. 03 (May 2016): 1650031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219519416500317.

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In this paper, the authors propose a new magnetic control method for spiral-type wireless capsule endoscope (WCE). A cylindrical external permanent magnet (EPM) is used to generate rotational magnetic field to manipulate the synchronous rotation of a magnetic spiral-type WCE. To verify the feasibility of this method, a handheld actuator (HA) controlled by micro controller unit (MCU) was fabricated to drive the rotation of the EPM which is fixed on a step motor, and a magnetic spiral-type WCE along with a bracket were fabricated, too. Theoretical analysis and magnetic simulation about the control distance were performed. In ex vivo experiments were carried out in porcine small intestine, the control distance and control performances were evaluated. Experimental results indicate that this method can provide a maximum control distance up to 426.6[Formula: see text]mm with good control stability. Compared with Helmholtz coils method, this method is more cost-effective and the control region is broader. In addition, the estimated value of static friction torque (about 0.5694[Formula: see text]mN[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m) is obtained, which enriches the current research on friction issue in active control of the magnetic spiral-type WCE. This method has great potential to be applied in future clinical application.

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Gozali, Gunawan Putra. "Motion Detection Implementation on a Game Using Raspberry Pi." SISFORMA 3, no. 2 (February 14, 2017): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24167/sisforma.v3i2.856.

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Along with the development of advanced gaming technology, we can play the game with so many tools or platforms such as console games, PC games, mobile games and handheld games. The disadvantage of those games is the difficulty to connect additional sensors to the PC computer. Large power requirements will also be a constraint. Besides, the size of the PC could be a weakness that makes it difficult to carry and play anytime. Raspberry is a small computer that can be added with motion detection sensors. By using the raspberry, the researchers managed to create a game "Crows Adventure" that uses motion detection sensor as the controller. Some of the sensors used in the game is UDS Sensor ( Ultrasonic Sensor disctance ) and touch sensors are applied to smarthphone to control the game. This allows the use of sensors in making more varied games by using raspberry devices.

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Bequette, B. Wayne. "Glucose Clamp Algorithms and Insulin Time-Action Profiles." Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology 3, no. 5 (September 2009): 1005–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/193229680900300503.

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Motivation: Most current insulin pumps include an insulin-on-board (IOB) feature to help subjects avoid problems associated with “insulin stacking.” In addition, many control algorithms proposed for a closed-loop artificial pancreas make use of IOB to reduce the probability of hypoglycemic events that often occur due to the integral action of the controller. The IOB curves are generated from the pharmacodynamic (time-activity profiles) actions of subcutaneous insulin, which are obtained from glycemic clamp studies. Methods: Glycemic clamp algorithms are reviewed and in silico studies are performed to analyze the effect of glucose meter bias and noise on glycemic control and the manipulated glucose infusion rates. The glucose infusion rates are used to obtain insulin time-activity profiles, which are then used to generate IOB curves. Results: A model-based, three-step-ahead controller is shown to be equivalent to a proportional-integral control algorithm with time-delay compensation. A systematic glucose meter bias of +6 mg/dl results in a decrease in the glucose area under the curve of 3% but no change in the IOB profiles. Conclusions: Based on these preliminary simulation studies, a substantial amount of glucose meter bias and noise during a glycemic clamp can be tolerated with little net effect on the IOB curves. It is suggested that handheld glucose meters can therefore be used in clamp studies if the measurements are filtered (averaged) before processing by the control algorithm. Clinical studies are needed to confirm these preliminary results.

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Zhu, Guoniu, Xiao Xiao, Changsheng Li, Jin Ma, Godwin Ponraj, A. V. Prituja, and Hongliang Ren. "A Bimanual Robotic Teleoperation Architecture with Anthropomorphic Hybrid Grippers for Unstructured Manipulation Tasks." Applied Sciences 10, no. 6 (March 19, 2020): 2086. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10062086.

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Bimanual telemanipulation is vital for facilitating robots to complete complex and dexterous tasks that involve two handheld objects under teleoperation scenarios. However, the bimanual configuration introduces higher complexity, dynamics, and uncertainty, especially in those uncontrolled and unstructured environments, which require more advanced system integration. This paper presents a bimanual robotic teleoperation architecture with modular anthropomorphic hybrid grippers for the purpose of improving the telemanipulation capability under unstructured environments. Generally, there are two teleoperated subsystems within this architecture. The first one is the Leap Motion Controller and the anthropomorphic hybrid robotic grippers. Two 3D printed anthropomorphic hybrid robotic grippers with modular joints and soft layer augmentations are designed, fabricated, and equipped for telemanipulation tasks. A Leap Motion Controller is used to track the motion of two human hands, while each hand is utilized to teleoperate one robotic gripper. The second one is the haptic devices and the robotic arms. Two haptic devices are adopted as the master devices while each of them takes responsibility for one arm control. Based on such a framework, an average RMSE (root-mean-square-error) value of 0.0204 rad is obtained in joint tracking. Nine sign-language demonstrations and twelve object grasping tasks were conducted with the robotic gripper teleoperation. A challenging bimanual manipulation task for an object with 5.2 kg was well addressed using the integrated teleoperation system. Experimental results show that the proposed bimanual teleoperation system can effectively handle typical manipulation tasks, with excellent adaptabilities for a wide range of shapes, sizes, and weights, as well as grasping modes.

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Chen, Chin-Tai, and Hsin-Fang Hsu. "Design and Assembly of a Thin-Plate Mechatronic Atomizer by 3D Printing." Actuators 9, no. 4 (November 5, 2020): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/act9040110.

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Microfluidic structures and devices have been studied over decades for the transport of liquid through internal channels using versatile microfabrication schemes such as surface and bulk micromachining technologies. One challenge in consideration of the device design involves the breakthrough of microfluidic reservoir and channels being substantially limited in two-dimensional (2D) geometry. However, recent progress of the emerging 3D printing technologies has showed great potential to overcome this problem in a simple manner. This paper comprehensively reports an additive manufacturing of polylactic acid (PLA) layers to significantly improve the complexity in the formation of the 3D microfluidic structures as compared to conventional micro-manufacturing techniques. Moreover, a handheld mechatronic device with a small height of ~10 mm, assembled with a thin planar atomizer and a micro controller, was produced and demonstrated for generation of droplets (~6 μm in diameter). Both the analytical and experimental results indicated that the grids of channel microstructures were simply varied by different line widths (300–500 μm) and spacing (250–400 μm) 3D printed within the device, thereby providing the design capability for capillary flow. In this regard, a variety of complex micro devices fabricated via computer-aided design (CAD) and the 3D printing method could be applied for more applications than ever, such as microfluidic delivery of biomedical materials and health care devices of a small size.

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King, Franklin, Jagadeesan Jayender, Sharath K. Bhagavatula, Paul B. Shyn, Steve Pieper, Tina Kapur, Andras Lasso, and Gabor Fichtinger. "An Immersive Virtual Reality Environment for Diagnostic Imaging." Journal of Medical Robotics Research 01, no. 01 (March 2016): 1640003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2424905x16400031.

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Purpose: Advancements in and adoption of consumer virtual reality (VR) are currently being propelled by numerous upcoming devices such as the Oculus Rift. Although applications are currently growing around the entertainment field, wide-spread adoption of VR devices opens up the potential for other applications that may have been unfeasible with past implementations of VR. A VR environment may provide an equal or larger screen area than what is provided with the use of multiple conventional displays while remaining comparatively cheaper and more portable making it an attractive option for diagnostic radiology applications. Methods A VR application for the viewing of multiple image slices was designed using: the Oculus Rift head-mounted display (HMD), Unity, and 3D Slicer. Volumes loaded within 3D Slicer are sent to a Unity application that proceeds to render a scene for the Oculus Rift HMD. Users may interact with the images adjusting windowing and leveling using a handheld gamepad controller. Multiple images may be brought closer to the user for detailed inspection. Results Application usage was demonstrated with the simultaneous visualization of longitudinal slices of a serial CT scan of a patient with a lung nodule. Pilot studies for validating usage of the VR system for differential diagnosis and remote collaboration were performed. Initial results suggest that using the VR system increased both task load and time taken to complete tasks, however, the resulting accuracy in assessing nodule growth of nodules was not significantly different than that achieved using a DICOM viewer application on a traditional display.

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Anthony, Brian W., and Matthew W. Gilbertson. "HANDHELD FORCE-CONTROLLED ULTRASOUND PROBE." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 134, no. 3 (2013): 2377. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4820210.

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Pillalamarri, Sandhya S., Lauren M. Huyett, and Aiman Abdel-Malek. "Novel Bluetooth-Enabled Tubeless Insulin Pump: A User Experience Design Approach for a Connected Digital Diabetes Management Platform." Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology 12, no. 6 (October 11, 2018): 1132–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1932296818804802.

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Background: Medical device technology is evolving at a rapid pace, with increasing patient expectations to use modern technologies for diabetes management. With the significant expansion of the use of wireless technology and complex, securely connected digital platforms in medical devices, end user needs and behaviors have become essential areas of focus. Methods: This article provides a detailed description of the user-centered design approach implemented in developing the Omnipod DASH™ Insulin Management System (Insulet Corp., Billerica, MA) Bluetooth®-enabled locked-down Android device handheld controller (Personal Diabetes Manager, PDM). Key methodologies used in the PDM design are described, including how the science of user experience (UX) was integrated into new agile product development. UX methods employed included heuristic evaluations of insulin pumps, iterative formative usability testing, information architecture studies, in-home ethnographic visits, participatory design activities, and interviews. Results: Over 343 users participated in UX research and testing. Key design choices informed by UX research included updating the layout of critical data on the PDM home page, providing access to requested contextual information while a bolus is in progress, and creating an easy-to-understand visual of a 24-hour basal program. Task completion rates for comprehending information on the PDM home page were 87% or greater. The System Usability Scale result for the design prior to limited market release was 84.4 ± 13.4 (out of 100; n = 37). Conclusions: The UX process described in this article can serve as a blueprint for medical device manufacturers seeking to enhance product development. Adopting UX research methodologies will help ensure that new diabetes devices are safe, easy-to-use, and meet the needs of users.

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Herrero, Pau, Mohamed El-Sharkawy, John Daniels, Narvada Jugnee, Chukwuma N. Uduku, Monika Reddy, Nick Oliver, and Pantelis Georgiou. "The Bio-inspired Artificial Pancreas for Type 1 Diabetes Control in the Home: System Architecture and Preliminary Results." Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology 13, no. 6 (October 14, 2019): 1017–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1932296819881456.

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Background: Artificial pancreas (AP) technology has been proven to improve glucose and patient-centered outcomes for people with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Several approaches to implement the AP have been described, clinically evaluated, and in one case, commercialized. However, none of these approaches has shown a clear superiority with respect to others. In addition, several challenges still need to be solved before achieving a fully automated AP that fulfills the users’ expectations. We have introduced the Bio-inspired Artificial Pancreas (BiAP), a hybrid adaptive closed-loop control system based on beta-cell physiology and implemented directly in hardware to provide an embedded low-power solution in a dedicated handheld device. In coordination with the closed-loop controller, the BiAP system incorporates a novel adaptive bolus calculator which aims at improving postprandial glycemic control. This paper focuses on the latest developments of the BiAP system for its utilization in the home environment. Methods: The hardware and software architectures of the BiAP system designed to be used in the home environment are described. Then, the clinical trial design proposed to evaluate the BiAP system in an ambulatory setting is introduced. Finally, preliminary results corresponding to two participants enrolled in the trial are presented. Results: Apart from minor technical issues, mainly due to wireless communications between devices, the BiAP system performed well (~88% of the time in closed-loop) during the clinical trials conducted so far. Preliminary results show that the BiAP system might achieve comparable glycemic outcomes to the existing AP systems (~73% time in target range 70-180 mg/dL). Conclusion: The BiAP system is a viable platform to conduct ambulatory clinical trials and a potential solution for people with T1D to control their glucose control in a home environment.

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Li, Baichen, Lin Li, Allan Guan, Quan Dong, Kangcheng Ruan, Ronggui Hu, and Zhenyu Li. "A smartphone controlled handheld microfluidic liquid handling system." Lab Chip 14, no. 20 (2014): 4085–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4lc00227j.

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Kim, Jungsuk, Kyeongjin Kim, Sun-Ho Choe, and Hojong Choi. "Development of an Accurate Resonant Frequency Controlled Wire Ultrasound Surgical Instrument." Sensors 20, no. 11 (May 28, 2020): 3059. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20113059.

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Our developed wire ultrasound surgical instrument comprises a bolt-clamped Langevin ultrasonic transducer (BLUT) fabricated by PMN-PZT single crystal material due to high mechanical quality factor and electromechanical coupling coefficient, a waveguide in the handheld instrument, and a generator instrument. To ensure high performance of wire ultrasound surgical instruments, the BLUT should vibrate at an accurate frequency because the BLUT’s frequency influences hemostasis and the effects of incisions on blood vessels and tissues. Therefore, we implemented a BLUT with a waveguide in the handheld instrument using a developed assembly jig process with impedance and network analyzers that can accurately control the compression force using a digital torque wrench. A generator instrument having a main control circuit with a low error rate, that is, an output frequency error rate within ±0.5% and an output voltage error rate within ±1.6%, was developed to generate the accurate frequency of the BLUT in the handheld instrument. In addition, a matching circuit between the BLUT and generator instrument with a network analyzer was developed to transfer displacement vibration efficiently from the handheld instrument to the end of the waveguide. Using the matching circuit, the measured S-parameter value of the generator instrument using a network analyzer was −24.3 dB at the resonant frequency. Thus, our proposed scheme can improve the vibration amplitude and accuracy of frequency control of the wire ultrasound surgical instrument due to developed PMN-PZT material and assembly jig process.

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Gonzalez, Carmen E., LaTasha Burns, John Bingham, Alana Newman, Tammy Dawson, Lulu Thompson, Doug Browning, et al. "Monitoring COVID-19 initiatives and safety concerns at a comprehensive cancer center." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 29_suppl (October 10, 2020): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.29_suppl.247.

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247 Background: The COVID-19 pandemic brought national and local concerns, particularly to a comprehensive cancer center. Cancer patients’ clinical immunosuppressed status puts them in a vulnerable position for serious complications from COVID-19, including a higher risk of death. The institution developed five operational priorities (OP) to minimize exposure to the virus and contain and mitigate COVID-19 transmission and saw the need to monitor and evaluate those priorities. The project aim was to develop a monitoring system to promote timely identification of system threats and failures of the multiple safety processes implemented by engaging and empowering the front line workforce and area leaders to report concerns through a reporting tool. Methods: The COVID-19 Safety Control Center was developed, which consisted of a triage controller, SharePoint tool for front-line and area managers to report concerns or questions using handheld devices and a telephone hotline for urgent/emergent issues. Delegates from each were designated to review and respond to the reports within 24 hours. Metrics were developed for each of the initiatives. An interactive dashboard was built to communicate to leadership the status and trends of safety concerns. Project leadership met weekly to evaluate its’ efficiency and efficacy. Results: During the first 60 days, 476 events were reported and, on average, closed within 19 hours. The highest entries were related to policy and procedures of the hospital entry points, COVID-19 testing, and patient care. No high harm events were reported. A decreasing trend in entries was observed coinciding with the institution providing timely information to employees through daily COVID-19 briefings, weekly town hall meetings and increased familiarity with institutional COVID-19 processes. Conclusions: When multiple interventions are instituted and compliance to these measures are required in a rapid time frame, there needs to be a platform to monitor the process changes and address safety concerns quickly. Providing timely resolution to concerns of the front line staff serve to identify the threats, decrease the potential failures and provide opportunities to improve processes. The steps taken by the institution are a part of the journey toward high reliability.

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Choi, Inrak, Eric J. Gonzalez, and Sean Follmer. "Hybrid Actuation With Unidirectional Clutches for Handheld Haptic Controllers." IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters 6, no. 3 (July 2021): 4827–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lra.2021.3068700.

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Kuzmin, Andrey, Aaron M. Zakrzewski, Brian W. Anthony, and Victor Lempitsky. "Multi-frame elastography using a handheld force-controlled ultrasound probe." IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control 62, no. 8 (August 2015): 1486–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tuffc.2015.007133.

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Attilakos, G., T. Sibanda, C. Winter, N. Johnson, and T. Draycott. "A randomised controlled trial of a new handheld vacuum extraction device." BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 112, no. 11 (November 2005): 1510–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2005.00729.x.

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Vacca, A. "A randomised controlled trial of a new handheld vacuum extraction device." BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 113, no. 4 (April 2006): 492. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2006.00903.x.

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Zhang, Tie Feng, Bo Zhao, Guo Tao Lu, Jun Wang, and Zhi Hui Sun. "A Miniature Handheld Automatic Detected Device for Register." Advanced Materials Research 174 (December 2010): 295–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.174.295.

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In present market, there is no automatic detected device for register in medium and small single-sheet offset, and the registration precision usually adjusted by handwork that is time-consuming and imprecision. To solve this problem, an automatic detected device for register of single-sheet offset based on image processing is proposed. The device takes photos of registration markers through high precision CMOS camera controlled by single chip computer, and then detects transversal deviation, longitudinal deviation, and diagonal deviation of registration markers through Hough transform. Experiments indicate that transversal deviation precision and longitudinal deviation precision of this device is 0.01 millimeter, when this automatic detected device is applied.

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Selladurai, Sathiyamoorthy, Abhilash Verma, and Arun K. Thittai. "Toward Quantitative and Operator-independent Quasi-static Ultrasound Elastography: An Ex Vivo Feasibility Study." Ultrasonic Imaging 42, no. 4-5 (May 25, 2020): 179–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0161734620921532.

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It is known that the elasticity of liver reduces progressively in the case of diffuse liver disease. Currently, the diagnosis of diffuse liver disease requires a biopsy, which is an invasive procedure. In this paper, we evaluate and report a noninvasive method that can be used to quantify liver stiffness using quasi-static ultrasound elastography approach. Quasi-static elastography is popular in clinical applications where the qualitative assessment of relative tissue stiffness is enough, whereas its potential is relatively underutilized in liver imaging due to lack of local stiffness contrast in the case of diffuse liver disease. Recently, we demonstrated an approach of using a calibrated reference layer to produce quantitative modulus elastograms of the target tissue in simulations and phantom experiments. In a separate work, we reported the development of a compact handheld device to reduce inter- and intraoperator variability in freehand elastography. In this work, we have integrated the reference layer with a handheld controlled compression device and evaluate it for quantitative liver stiffness imaging application. The performance of this technique was assessed on ex vivo goat liver samples. The Young’s modulus values obtained from indentation measurements of liver samples acted as the ground truth for comparison. The results from this work demonstrate that by combining the handheld device along with reference layer, the estimated Young’s modulus value approaches the ground truth with less error compared with that obtained using freehand compression (8% vs. 15%). The results suggest that the intra- and interoperator reproducibility of the liver elasticity also improved when using the handheld device. Elastography with a handheld compression device and reference layer is a reliable and simple technique to provide a quantitative measure of elasticity.

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Wijsman, Paul J. M., Lennert Molenaar, Cas D. P. van‘t Hullenaar, Bas S. T. van Vugt, Wim A. Bleeker, Werner A. Draaisma, and Ivo A. M. J. Broeders. "Ergonomics in handheld and robot-assisted camera control: a randomized controlled trial." Surgical Endoscopy 33, no. 12 (February 11, 2019): 3919–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00464-019-06678-1.

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Park, Chaeyong, Jinsoo Kim, and Seungmoon Choi. "Length Perception Model for Handheld Controllers: The Effects of Diameter and Inertia." IEEE Transactions on Haptics 14, no. 2 (April 1, 2021): 310–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/toh.2021.3077709.

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Skou, Soren T., Thomas Graven-Nielsen, Lasse Lengsoe, Ole Simonsen, Mogens B. Laursen, and Lars Arendt-Nielsen. "Relating clinical measures of pain with experimentally assessed pain mechanisms in patients with knee osteoarthritis." Scandinavian Journal of Pain 4, no. 2 (April 1, 2013): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjpain.2012.07.001.

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ABSTRACTBackgroundPeripheral and central sensitisation is prominent in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and could be important for the reduced efficacy in some cases after as well surgery as pharmacological interventions. Although sensitisation is important in KOA it is not known to what degree it contributes to the overall clinical pain problem. The aim was therefore to investigate how much a combination of quantitative pain measures assessing various pain mechanisms (local and spreading hyperalgesia, temporal and spatial summation, descending inhibition) could predict peak pain intensity in patients with KOA.MethodsWhile resting in a comfortable recumbent position the pressure pain thresholds (PPT) in the peripatellar region (eight locations) and at the tibialis anterior muscle (TA) were assessed by handheld pressure algometry, computer-controlled pressure algometry and cuff-algometry in the affected leg of 17 KOA patients without pain or sensory dysfunctions in other regions than the knee. Cuff-algometry was used to detect spatial pain summation of the lower leg. Temporal pain summation was assessed by repeated pressure stimulation on the TA muscle. The conditioning pain modulation (CPM) was evaluated by conditioning tonic arm pain and by PPT from the peripatellar region. The participants rated their peak pain intensity in the previous 24 h using on a 10 cm visual analogue scale.ResultsA multiple-regression model based on TA pressure pain sensitivity (spreading sensitisation) and temporal pain summation on the lower leg accounted for 55% of the variance in peak pain intensity experienced by the patients (P=0.001). Significant correlations (P< 0.05) were found between PPTs assessed by handheld pressure algometry in the peripatellar region and at TA (R = 0.94), PPTs assessed by computer-controlled pressure algometry and handheld pressure algometry in the peripatellar region (R = 0.71), PPTs assessed by computer-controlled pressure algometry in the peripatellar region and handheld pressure algometry at TA (R = 0.71) and temporal summation at the knee and at TA (R = 0.73).ConclusionBased on the multiple regression model 55% variance of the perceived maximal pain intensity in painful KOA could be explained by the quantitative experimental pain measures reflecting central pain mechanisms (spreading sensitisation, temporal summation). The lack of other correlations between the methods used in assessing pain mechanisms in this study highlights the importance of applying different tests and different pain modalities when assessing the sensitised pain system as different methods add complementary information.ImplicationsClinical pain intensity can be explained by influences of different central pain mechanisms in KOA. This has implications for pain management in KOA where treatment addressing central pain components may be more important than previously acknowledged.

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Thomas, Stuart P., Ian A. Nicholson, Graham R. Nunn, and David L. Ross. "Radiofrequency lesions produced by handheld temperature controlled probes for use in atrial fibrillation surgery." European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery 20, no. 6 (December 2001): 1188–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1010-7940(01)00986-1.

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Berner, E. S., T. K. Houston, M. N. Ray, J. J. Allison, G. R. Heudebert, W. W. Chatham, J. I. Kennedy, et al. "Improving Ambulatory Prescribing Safety with a Handheld Decision Support System: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 13, no. 2 (March 1, 2006): 171–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1197/jamia.m1961.

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Galbraith, Sarah, Petrea Fagan, Paul Perkins, Andrew Lynch, and Sara Booth. "Does the Use of a Handheld Fan Improve Chronic Dyspnea? A Randomized, Controlled, Crossover Trial." Journal of Pain and Symptom Management 39, no. 5 (May 2010): 831–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2009.09.024.

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Lanzarotta, Adam, Martin M. Kimani, Michael D. Thatcher, John Lynch, Moseley Fulcher, Mark R. Witkowski, and JaCinta S. Batson. "Evaluation of Suspected Counterfeit Pharmaceutical Tablets Declared to Contain Controlled Substances Using Handheld Raman Spectrometers." Journal of Forensic Sciences 65, no. 4 (January 27, 2020): 1274–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.14287.

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Sengupta, Soham, and Partha pratim Sarkar. "An Augmented Level of Security for Bluetooth Devices Controlled by Smart Phones and Ubiquitous Handheld Gadgets." International Journal of Information Engineering and Electronic Business 7, no. 4 (July 8, 2015): 58–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5815/ijieeb.2015.04.08.

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Silva, Hermali, Achala Liyanage, Theja Deerasinghe, Buthsiri Sumanasena, Deepani Munidasa, Hiromel de Silva, Sudath Weerasingha, Rohini Fernandopulle, and Nadira Karunaweera. "Therapeutic Response to Thermotherapy in Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Treatment Failures for Sodium Stibogluconate: A Randomized Controlled Proof of Principle Clinical Trial." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 104, no. 3 (March 3, 2021): 945–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.20-0855.

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ABSTRACTTreatment failure to intralesional sodium stibogluconate (IL-SSG) is a health challenge for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in Sri Lanka. A randomized controlled proof of principle clinical trial, with two arms (viz., radio frequency–induced heat therapy [RFHT] by a ThermoMed™ device (Model 1.8, Thermosurgery Technologies, Inc., Phoenix, AZ) and thermotherapy by a handheld exothermic crystallization thermotherapy for CL [HECT-CL] device) was conducted on 40 CL treatment failures to IL-SSG, from three hospitals in Tangalle, Hambantota, and Anuradhapura, from January 2017 to January 2018, followed up for 180 days post-thermotherapy with a final follow-up in February 2020. Intention-to-treat cure rates were calculated at day 90 (initial cure rate) and at day 180 (final cure rate) posttreatment. Radio frequency–induced heat therapy group: the initial cure rate was 100% (20/20) and the final cure rate was 95% (19/20), with one patient relapsing. The HECT-CL group: both the initial and final cure rates were 80% (16/20), with no relapses and one excluded from the trial. In February 2020 (1.6–3 years posttreatment), 27 traceable patients (RFHT = 16, HECT-CL = 11) remained healed. Second-degree burns were observed with RFHT in 65% (13/20), with HECT-CL in 15% (3/20), which completely resolved subsequently. The cure rates between the two treatment groups were comparable (P = 0.15). Radio frequency–induced heat therapy consumed less time and required only a single hospital visit. Handheld exothermic crystallization thermotherapy for CL is potentially usable at community settings with both being less costly than IL-SSG. This study is the first proof that thermotherapy is an efficacious and safe treatment for CL patients in Sri Lanka, complicated by treatment failure to IL-SSG.

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Simmons, Cecil J., Lisa D. Mack, Aaron J. Cronin, Jonathan D. Monti, Michael D. Perreault, and Brian J. Ahern. "FAST Performance in a Stationary versus In-Motion Military Ambulance Utilizing Handheld Ultrasound: A Randomized Controlled Study." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 35, no. 6 (August 26, 2020): 632–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x20001028.

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AbstractObjective:On-scene prehospital conditions and patient instability may warrant a during-transport ultrasound (US) exam. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of ambulance turbulence on the performance of the Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma (FAST) with a handheld US device.Methods:This was a randomized controlled trial in which participants were randomized to perform a FAST in either a stationary or an in-motion military ambulance. Participants were physicians and physician assistants (PAs) with previous FAST training. All exams were performed on an US phantom model. The primary outcome was FAST completion time, reported as a mean, in seconds. Secondary outcomes included image acquisition score (range of 0-24, reported as a mean), diagnostic accuracy (reported as sensitivity and specificity), and a post-participation survey with five-item Likert-type scales.Results:Twenty-seven participants performed 27 FASTs, 14 in the stationary ambulance and 13 in the in-motion ambulance. All participants obtained the four requisite views of the FAST. A significant difference was detected in image acquisition scores in favor of the stationary ambulance group (19.4 versus 16.7 [95% CI for difference, 0.9-4.4]; P <.01). Significant differences in survey items between groups were related to obtaining and maintaining US images and the exam conditions. There was not a difference in FAST completion time between groups (98.5 seconds versus 78.7 seconds [95% CI for difference, -13.5 seconds to 53.1 seconds]; P = .23). Sensitivity and specificity of FAST in the stationary ambulance was 85.7% (95% CI, 67.3%-96.0%) and 96.4% (95% CI, 81.7%-99.9%) versus 96.2% (95% CI, 80.4%-99.9%) and 100.0% (95% CI, 86.8%-100.0%) in the in-motion ambulance group (P = .21).Conclusion:Vehicular motion did not affect FAST completion time and diagnostic accuracy; however, it did reduce FAST image acquisition scores. The results suggest timely and diagnostically accurate FASTs may be completed by experienced sonographers during moderate levels of ambulance turbulence. Further investigation assessing the utility and limitations of newer handheld US devices in various prehospital conditions is warranted.

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Taylor, Polly. "Remote Controlled Nociceptive Threshold Testing Systems in Large Animals." Animals 10, no. 9 (September 2, 2020): 1556. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10091556.

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Nociceptive threshold (NT) testing is widely used for the study of pain and its alleviation. The end point is a normal behavioural response, which may be affected by restraint or unfamiliar surroundings, leading to erroneous data. Remotely controlled thermal and mechanical NT testing systems were developed to allow free movement during testing and were evaluated in cats, dogs, sheep, horses and camels. Thermal threshold (TT) testing incorporated a heater and temperature sensor held against the animal’s shaved skin. Mechanical threshold (MT) testing incorporated a pneumatic actuator attached to a limb containing a 1–2 mm radiused pin pushed against the skin. Both stimuli were driven from battery powered control units attached on the animal’s back, controlled remotely via infra-red radiation from a handheld component. Threshold reading was held automatically and displayed digitally on the unit. The system was failsafe with a safety cut-out at a preset temperature or force as appropriate. The animals accepted the equipment and behaved normally in their home environment, enabling recording of reproducible TT (38.5–49.8 °C) and MT (2.7–10.1 N); precise values depended on the species, the individual and the stimulus characteristics. Remote controlled NT threshold testing appears to be a viable refinement for pain research.

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Nwazota, Nenna, Srinivas Pyati, Kyle Fisher, and Lance Roy. "Device review: Pulsante™ sphenopalatine ganglion microstimulator." Pain Management 9, no. 6 (November 2019): 535–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/pmt-2018-0082.

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Cluster headache (CH) is a primary headache disorder. The use of neuromodulation in treatment of CH is well documented. The sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) has long been a target for management of CH. Intervention at the level of the SPG can interrupt the trigemino-autonomic reflex, which mediates CH pain. The Pulsante system is the only device on the market created for SPG stimulation. The Pulsante device consists of the device body, a lead with six stimulating electrodes placed in the pterygopalatine fossa, and a fixation plate to allow anchoring of the device to the maxilla. Stimulation is administered via a patient-controlled handheld remote control held over the cheek. SPG stimulation is an important treatment option for CH patients.

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Dong, Sheng, Ai Guo Zhao, Li Yun Xing, Fei Wang, Fang Lei Song, and Lian Xue Hao. "Design of the Independent Rescue System Based on the Passive Sound Source Localization and Machine Vision." Applied Mechanics and Materials 713-715 (January 2015): 966–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.713-715.966.

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The purpose of this paper is to design a family or battlefield independent rescue system which is based on passive sound source localization and machine vision, The system consists of five modules: the sound acquisition and processing module based on FPGA, image acquisition and processing module based on TMS320DM6437, video capture and communication control module based on TMS320DM355, motion control module based on MSP430F149, PC server and smart handheld mobile client. It can track target person who need help automatically by recognizing his voice and image, to provide emergency medicines, communication tools, and transmit real-time video information to a server on PC and a mobile client on Andriod platform by wireless network, and be controlled remotely.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Handheld controller'

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