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Journal articles on the topic 'Handmade paper'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 30 July 2024

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1

Sauvage, Leila, and Grison Marie-Noëlle. "The handmade blue paper project." Jaarboek voor Nederlandse Boekgeschiedenis 30, no. 2023 (September 1, 2023): 64–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/jnb2023.004.gris.

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2

Marinković, Aleksandar, Milena Milošević, Marija Vuksanović, Radmila Jančić-Heinemann, Milica Matijašević, Vuk Radmilović, and Predrag Živković. "Surface hydrophobization of handmade paper." Tehnika 79, no. 2 (2024): 135–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/tehnika2402135m.

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The paper shows the possibilities of increasing the hydrophobicity of the paper surface by applying layers of hydrophobic material to the surface. Various application techniques and the following substances were tested: stearic acid, shellac and zinc-hydroxide. Hydrophobicity was tested using the modified Cobb method, measuring the contact angle and drop retention time. The presence of hydrophobizing agents was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy. It was found that the methods of applying the hydrophobizing agent, used in this work, give much better results with stearic acid, compared to shellac. This manuscript presents novel possibilities of increasing paper surface hydrophobicity by applying layers of hydrophobic material to the surface. Various layer application techniques were examined, as well as substances including: stearic acid, shellac and zinc-hydroxide. Hydrophobicity was tested using the modified Cobb method, measuring the contact angle and drop retention time. The presence of hydrophobizing agents was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy. Based on the results achieved, it can be concluded that the methods of applying the hydrophobizing agent, used in this work, give much better results with stearic acid, compared to shellac.

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3

Arafat, KMY, J. Nayeem, AH Quadery, MA Quaiyyum, and M. Sarwar Jahan. "Handmade paper from waste banana fibre." Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 53, no. 2 (May 27, 2018): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v53i2.36668.

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Banana fibre is a natural fibre with high strength, which can be blended easily with cotton fibre or synthetic fibre to produce composite material. In the fiber extraction process, a substantial amount of lignocellulosic wastes are generated, disposal of which creates problem in the adjacent area. In this paper, extracted banana fiber (EBF) and waste banana fiber (WBF) were characterized in terms of chemical and morphological properties to produce handmade paper. WBF was characterized with lower α–cellulose, lignin content and longer fiber length. Pulping of EBF and WBF was carried out with varying active alkali and cooking time at boiling temperature. Pulp yield of WBF was 35.9% after 120 min of cooking with 8% alkali charge. In the unbeaten state the degrees of drainage resistance i.e. SR values were 65 and 71 for EBF and WBF, respectively. The tensile, burst and tear indices of WBF were 23.7 N.m/g, 2.2 kPa.m2/g and 5.0 mN.m2/g, respectively; these were much lower as compared to EBF. These values however, meet the requirement for handmade paper.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.53(2), 83-88, 2018

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4

Rajas, Neha, Om Kudal, Gaurav Magar, Amol Marewar, Mohammad Bilal, and Shivraj Pardeshi. "Handmade Paper Formation from Onion Peels." International Journal of Membrane Science and Technology 10, no. 2 (October 18, 2023): 2059–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.15379/ijmst.v10i2.2761.

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Every year above 15 million trees are cut down for various purposes. In which around 8 million trees are only cut down for paper production. This number is increasing every year which is causing climate calamities, disappearance of wildlife, emission of greenhouse gases, soil erosion, etc. We can’t stop the use of paper, but we can find an alternative for making of it. Every year tons of onion waste are produced worldwide in which outer onion skin contributes up to 70% of this waste. This waste can cause environmental problems when not properly treated. In this paper, an attempt has made for production of paper using onion peels. For the pulping of onion skin soda process has been used. Paper produced was light and white and can be used for decorative purposes.

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5

Chan, Cheuk Kei, and Xiaohui Yi. "Raw Materials of Chinese Traditional Handmade paper." Paper and Biomaterials 8, no. 3 (July 2023): 58–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.26599/pbm.2023.9260018.

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6

Kalra, Jasmeet, Vijay Kumar, and Shipra Gupta. "The Waste Paper Management in Educational Institutes and Improvement in Quality of Handmade Papers." International Journal of Social Ecology and Sustainable Development 13, no. 1 (January 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsesd.295968.

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This manuscript investigates the waste paper management (WPM) of an educational Institute and aware the people about the importance of waste paper management and recycling of waste papers by multidimensional approach. The research assessed two multi long term plans, considering all recycling settings feasible for educational scenario. To complete that purpose, support for the collection of waste papers, final disposal and environmental and financial impact assessment concerning transportation is required. Results suggest that the quality of handmade papers is improved by doping some external materials in cellulose of waste papers. In this manuscript, flour of wheat is mixed in waste paper cellulose. The analysis of handmade paper is done by a photometric test. It is found that at some percentages of doping of flour in waste paper pulp, the reflection properties of the paper is increased and surface of paper become smooth and hard. At some other percentages of doping, the papers are shown absorption properties.

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7

Jain, Prerna, and Charu Gupta. "A Sustainable Journey of Handmade Paper from Past to Present: A Review." Problemy Ekorozwoju 16, no. 2 (July 1, 2021): 233–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/pe.2021.2.25.

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Paper is an excellent medium of expression and knowledge preservation and communication because of its writing, printing, and packaging abilities. It is a thin sheet or web-like structure made by a dilute suspension of cellulosic fibres. Handmade papermaking technology was mass accepted and considered a precious commodity before development of an industrialised wood- pulp based paper industry. This modern papermaking practice harms the environment as it uses enhanced natural resources (ample amount of water, trees as a primary source for wood pulp) and generates pollution due to release of harsh chemicals. This paper reviews the history and process of handmade paper manufacturing from past to present. Along with that, all the pillars of sustainability (environmental, economic, and social) in relation to the handmade paper industry are deep rooted since ancient times and very much relevant for the present era of sustainable development. Various kinds of cellulosic raw materials from plants (Paper mulberry, Kazo, Gampy, hemp, bamboo, banana, etc.) and other used materials (old rags, ropes, nets, newspapers etc.) with the chemical-free production process and products make this industry eco-friendly. Craft based, small scale and labour-intensive guild art gives it social strength; whereas an infinite product range having functional and decorative uses, as well as strong export potential of the industry gives it an economic strength. Due to the present need of sustainable production, waste minimisation, and circular economy, the handmade paper seems to very potential industry to recycle various kind of waste like weedy battles, textiles, tetra packs, currency, plastic etc. This paper is an attempt to review the journey of handmade papers, its recycling potential, various production processes, products, advantages and disadvantages of the industry from past to present.

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8

Liu, Peng, Hongbin Zhang, Sinong Wang, Hui Yu, Bingjie Lu, Xinran Li, Chun Wang, Yueer Yan, and Yi Tang. "Determination of crystallinity of Chinese handmade papers by means of X-ray diffraction." Restaurator. International Journal for the Preservation of Library and Archival Material 41, no. 2 (May 26, 2020): 69–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/res-2019-0009.

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AbstractThe crystallinity indices (CrI) of Chinese handmade papers were investigated using the X-ray diffraction (XRD) method. Four Chinese handmade papers, Yingchun, Zhuma, Yuanshu and Longxucao papers were used as model substrates of mulberry bark, ramie, bamboo and Eulaliopsis binata papers, respectively. Two forms of the paper samples, paper sheets and their comminuted powders, were used in this study. The results showed that their XRD patterns belong to the cellulose-I type and Iβ dominates the cellulose microstructure of these paper samples. Moreover, it was found that the microstructures and CrIs of cellulose of these papers were changed by the grinding treatment. This work suggested that the sheet form of the handmade papers is suitable to determine CrI by XRD, despite the contribution of non-cellulosic components in the papers. The order of CrIs for these paper sheet samples was Yingchun, Zhuma, Longxucao and Yuanshu papers. Besides CrIs, differences in cross-sectional areas of the crystalline zone of cellulose can be used for comparing different types of handmade papers. It was also found that the CrIs and crystallite size of paper cellulose varied between the sheet samples and the powder samples, illustrating that the pulverisation has a negative influence on the microstructure of the handmade papers.

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9

Gao, Zhi Yong. "A Research on Early Spread of Traditional Hand-Made Paper in East Asia Countries." Advanced Materials Research 174 (December 2010): 537–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.174.537.

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Lots of unearthed objects and historical documents indicate the paper-making technology which had been invented in Western Han Dynasty moved to Japan through the Korean peninsula. This paper took the development of paper-making technology and how it spread to the major countries of East Asia as a clue to find out evidence of the early transmission of traditional handmade paper from the ancient literature, archaeological materials, research papers, and museum collections. Literature studies, field inspections and the traditional ways of recovery process were the main methods we used. After collecting and studying the materials, we drew the outline of the general picture of traditional handmade paper transmitting in the major countries of East Asia, and made a discussion about the relevant issues on the condition that the traditional handmade paper how to adapt to the geographical variation and the printing technology.

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10

Naksata, W., and Manoch Naksata. "Sulphate-Based Flame-Retardant for Handmade Mulberry Paper." Advanced Materials Research 55-57 (August 2008): 833–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.55-57.833.

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Handmade mulberry paper was coated with flame retardants reagent: ammonium sulphate, at the various concentrations. The properties of mulberry paper, i.e. rate of water absorption, rate of flammability, flash point and mechanical properties expressed as Young’s modulus were studied. Mulberry paper coated with sulphate-based compound was not flammable and the rate of water absorption was decreased, while the elasticity was increased.

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11

Román-Gutiérrez, Alma Delia, Danae Duana-Ávila, Juan Hernández-Ávila, Eduardo Cerecedo-Saenz, Eleazar Salinas-Rodríguez, Adriana Rojas-León, and Patricia López Perea. "Reuse of Barley Straw for Handmade Paper Production." Sustainability 14, no. 19 (October 6, 2022): 12691. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141912691.

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The main objective of this work is supporting the use of sustainable solutions for the management and reuse of agricultural waste from the cereal harvest, such as oats, barley, and triticale, making sheets of artisan paper, innovating the process with the use of different proportions of cellulose obtained from straw residues. The physical and mechanical properties of the obtained sheets showed that basis weight (66–96 g/m2), thickness (19–300 μm), burst strength (68.9–103.4 kPa), burst index (0.81–1.35 kPam2/g) and bulk (2.52–3.12 cm3/g), were adequate. Based on what can be observed in the SEM images, it is possible to infer that straw has the function of supporting the sheets using combinations of barley straw and recycled paper. The result of the IR analysis indicated that the sheet with an increase in hydroxyl groups was that obtained with barley straw. Therefore, the treatment was efficient. These results were corroborated by X-ray diffraction analysis, in which the percentage of crystallinity of the barley straw paper was 37.1%. Finally, the results obtained indicated that the crystallinity is better in the sheets containing large amounts of barley straw. The sheet with the highest percentage of crystallinity was that which was made using 100% of barley straw, showing a 37.1 percentage of crystallinity, followed by the sheet made of 100% recycled paper, having a value of 34.4%.

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12

Kulshreshtha, Shweta, Nupur Mathur, and Pradeep Bhatnagar. "Handmade paper and cardboard industries: In health perspectives." Toxicology and Industrial Health 27, no. 6 (February 22, 2011): 515–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0748233710391992.

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13

Dwivedi, Amit Kumar, and G. S. Dangayach. "Handmade paper industry - experience of Indian manufacturing units." International Journal of Business Innovation and Research 7, no. 3 (2013): 318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijbir.2013.053634.

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14

Bhodiwal, Shweta, Sunita Chauhan, Reenu Agarwal, and Tansukh Barupal. "A novel approach: Handmade papermaking." MOJ Ecology & Environmental Sciences 7, no. 1 (February 22, 2022): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/mojes.2022.07.00241.

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We can say that handmade paper is the heritage art of India which gives a huge opportunity of creating something novel only with very few resources. The paper industry is a forest based industry. Depleting forest cover is a major cause of concern. Thus the sustainable method for this is handmade paper making. Handmade paper industry is one of the fastest growing industries in India. Paper can be made either synthetically or naturally. Synthetic papers are generally preferred for work yet these papers have unfavorable impact on the climate and this can be replaced by handmade paper. The paper industry is a forest based industry. Depleting forest cover is a major cause of concern. Agricultural waste disposal is a major problem because of the presence of cellulose content and high lignin which results in pollution and affects the environment, which are very difficult to degrade. The misuse of natural resources has come closer to the limits of earth’s capacity. The life cycle of mill made paper actually damages the environment from beginning to the end. Thus the study emphasizes on alternative eco-safe materials for production of handmade paper. The main purpose is to highlight the potential of agriculture waste used as non-wood materials for paper production.

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15

Bai, Wei Guo, and Li Zhen Wang. "Research on the Influence of Surface Sizing on Handmade Xuan Paper’s Modification." Advanced Materials Research 430-432 (January 2012): 323–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.430-432.323.

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With the development of digital reproduce technology for traditional Chinese painting, the current demand for high quality “digital xuan paper” and the requirements for its quality is increasing. Handmade xuan paper as the most basic and important material in traditional Chinese painting works, its unique brush pattern and click texture is not available in the “digital xuan paper” dedicated to the digital copy. Therefore, in the reproduction process for traditional Chinese painting, in addition to the rigorous reproduce process, the most important condition to obtain high-fidelity replication products is choosing a type of paper that meet the characteristics of traditional Chinese painting. Based on the digital inkjet technology in this paper, handmade xuan paper chose as the object was modified to obtain the technical requirements of digital reproduce by surface sizing process. Through the study process of different composition sizing agent and different sizing technology, find not only the Influence law of sizing technology and formula on tone level, clarity and color aspects of handmade xuan paper, but also the sizing technology and formula required for modifying handmade xuan paper to comply with part of Index in digital inkjet reproduce process. Through this thesis can provide a reference for handmade xuan paper in the field of digital reproduce technology.

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16

Mejouyo, P. W. Huisken, E. Dydimus Nkemaja, O. R. Beching, N. R. Sikame Tagne, T. Kana’a, and E. Njeugna. "Physical and Tensile Properties of Handmade Sida rhombifolia Paper." International Journal of Biomaterials 2020 (July 14, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3967641.

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This study focuses on the production and characterization of biodegradable handmade paper from the Sida rhombifolia plant (SRP) cellulose. Sida rhombifolia plant is a seasonal plant that grows in the equatorial and tropical climates. The studies carried out on this SRP were aimed at investigating the methods required for the production of handmade paper from SRP plant and also at determining the tensile strength. Four specimens of SRP paper of different additive labels S0 (no additive), S1 (starch and KOH), S2 (starch), and S3 (Foska liquid glue) were produced using the Kraft method. Tensile properties (stress at break, elongation at break, and Young’s modulus), the rate of water absorption, and the rate of moisture absorption were carried out. Results showed that the addition of potassium hydroxide considerably reduces Young’s modulus of SRP handmade paper (S1) while the Foska liquid glue (S3) significantly improves it. In addition, the addition of potassium hydroxide and Foska liquid substantially improves the water absorption properties of the paper S2 and S3, respectively. The adhesive liquid creates more porosity and consequently increases the absorption of water. The addition of potassium hydroxide and Foska liquid significantly embedded the rate of moisture absorption. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that the paper S3 can be used as packaging paper since it has better mechanical properties and moisture absorption.

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17

Yao, Na, and Shuya Wei. "Characterization and identification of traditional Chinese handmade paper via pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry." BioResources 16, no. 2 (April 15, 2021): 3942–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.16.2.3942-3951.

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The traditional method for the identification of paper from different origins relies on microscopy to observe the fiber morphology, which requires professional experience. In this paper, pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was utilized to analyze five types of traditional Chinese handmade papers, e.g., ramie paper, bamboo paper, bark fiber paper (mulberry paper and kozo paper), and Langdu paper. The results demonstrated that this method can be used to differentiate the four types of handmade papers. A high phenolic compound content was detected in bamboo paper; macromolecular triterpenoids, e.g., β – amyrin, α – amyrin, and stigmastan- 3,5-diene were found in mulberry paper and kozo paper; while those compounds were not found in ramie paper. In particular, a large quantity of phytosterol compounds were found for the first time in Langdu paper. This not only can be used to differentiate Langdu paper from others, but also it helps to explain why Langdu paper can resist insect and mildew activities. Results of the study can provide experimental reference for characterization of traditional handmade Chinese papers via pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

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18

Droege, Jasmin. "The Handmade Effect: A Model of Conscious Shopping in an Industrialised Economy." Review of Industrial Organization 60, no. 2 (November 2, 2021): 263–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11151-021-09844-9.

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AbstractAlthough online marketplaces for handmade products persist, little theoretical research has been undertaken to explain why firms choose a handmade strategy. In this paper, I develop a model that can explain the persistence through a handmade effect on the consumer side. I show that when consumers are willing to pay a sufficiently high handmade premium, the firm chooses production by hand over superior machine production. When the firm is part of a duopoly, the existence of consumers who care about the conditions under which a product is manufactured can explain the firms’ specialisation and, thus, the observed co-existence of handmade and machine-made products in the economy. Such specialisation is efficient, and can be robust to collusion. The presence of shoppers who are uncertain about the appropriate behaviour may enable the monopolist to use a handmade strategy to signal a social norm of conscious consumption.

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19

Vrenna, Maurizio, and Mengxi Cui. "Zeya Paper Reborn: Designing Modern Chinese Lamps Using Traditional Bamboo Paper in Wenzhou, China." Asian Culture and History 15, no. 1 (April 27, 2023): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ach.v15n1p76.

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Papermaking is one of the four great inventions of ancient China and embodies centuries of wisdom. In the Zeya highlands, northwest of Wenzhou, handmade paper production became the pillar of the local economy during the last century. However, due to industrialization, the demand for traditional handmade paper has significantly decreased, and many papermaking workshops have had to shut down. Today, villagers mainly use Zeya bamboo paper for less noble purposes, such as draft paper. New applications for such culturally-rich material have to be envisioned. This manuscript discusses the Zeya Paper Reborn project, which is committed to showing the appeal of Zeya traditional paper through the design of modern Chinese lamps. The bamboo paper is combined with various materials, taking advantage of past and present aesthetics in an attempt to revitalize the local industry. A series of five lamps and an exhibition resulted from one year of study and practice. These design products are meaningful because they respect the regional tradition while adding a touch of modernity. The authors also discuss the project’s meaning, results, challenges, and limits. This essay will be of interest to design researchers and practitioners looking for novel approaches to preserve and promulgate Chinese intangible cultural heritage.

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20

Venkateshwarlu, B. "Development of small scale handmade paper industry in India." ACADEMICIA: An International Multidisciplinary Research Journal 10, no. 11 (2020): 108–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2249-7137.2020.01312.9.

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21

Murwanti, Aprina, Yusmini Murdiyah, and Ataswarin Oetopo. "KERTAS BUATAN TANGAN (HANDMADE PAPER) DARI LIMBAH SERAI DAPUR." Corak 10, no. 2 (November 30, 2021): 183–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.24821/corak.v10i2.4719.

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22

Ramesh, R., and Y. Gangi Reddy. "Value Chain Approach to Handmade Paper Industry in India." SEDME (Small Enterprises Development, Management & Extension Journal): A worldwide window on MSME Studies 43, no. 2 (June 2016): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0970846420160204.

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23

Katayama, Masaru, and Shuya Sasaki. "Examination of Weight Fluctuation Factors of Handmade Japanese Paper." IEEJ Transactions on Electronics, Information and Systems 143, no. 3 (March 1, 2023): 314–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.143.314.

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24

Lopatin, N. "Bowl-like forms of handmade pottery from Truvor’s Hillfort." Archaeological News 31 (2021): 208–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31600/1817-6976-2021-31-208-218.

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This paper systematizes bowls and pots/bowls from the collection of handmade pottery from the Iz- borsk Gorodishche (Truvor’s Hillfort). Eight types have been distinguished, of which three comprise imported ware. In the paper, the circle of analogues and the foundations for dating have been established. The conclusion has been drawn that the high ratio (10 percent) of bowl-like vessels among the handmade pottery from the site under consideration is explained by the influence of Baltic-Finnic cultures upon the local pottery-making.

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25

Tang, Ying, and Gerald J. Smith. "Fluorescence and photodegradation of Xuan paper: The photostability of traditional Chinese handmade paper." Journal of Cultural Heritage 14, no. 6 (November 2013): 464–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2012.11.002.

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26

Hubbe, Martin, and Cindy Bowden. "Handmade paper: A review of its history, craft, and science." BioResources 4, no. 4 (November 2009): 1736–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.4.4.1736-1792.

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27

Maranhão, Fabíola Da Silveira, Daniela Batista O. Gaspar, Cintia Patricia Santos Da Paixão, Thuanny Moraes De Almeida, Emanuele Nunes de Lima Figueiredo Jorge, Sérgio Thode Filho, Fernando Gomes de Souza Junior, and Ana Carolina Valle Da Silva. "Production of Handmade Paper from the Sugar Cane Bagasse Pulping." Brazilian Journal of Experimental Design, Data Analysis and Inferential Statistics 1, no. 2 (December 1, 2021): 79–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.55747/bjedis.v1i2.48357.

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28

Han, Yoon-Hee, Masahiro Yanagisawa, Toshiharu Enomae, Akira Isogai, and Tadashi Ishii. "Analyses of Mucilaginous Compounds Used in Making Traditional Handmade Paper." JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL 59, no. 7 (2005): 1067–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2524/jtappij.59.1067.

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29

Biggs, Stephen, and Don Messerschmidt. "Social responsibility in the growing handmade paper industry of Nepal." World Development 33, no. 11 (November 2005): 1821–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2005.06.002.

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30

Hjort, Mikael, and Daniel E. Thomas. "PERFORMANCE OF A SOLAR PAPER DRIER FOR SMALL-SCALE PAPER SHEET PRODUCTION." Journal of Mechanical Engineering 44, no. 1 (July 13, 2014): 6–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jme.v44i1.19491.

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This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of a paper drier operating on solar-heated hotwater. A small-scale prototype of a flat tank paper drier was built and tested in a variety of conditions and witha variety of handmade paper types. The tests showed consistent performance, with a specific energyconsumption of about 3.5 MJ per kg of water evaporated from the paper. This corresponds to a drier efficiencyof up to 80%, with reference to the latent heat of evaporation. Drier temperature variations were minimal, andthe performance was considered satisfactory to continue with further development of the drier for localhandmade paper production facilities. Measured drying rates compared well with predicted values calculatedusing correlations based on Stefan's law.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jme.v44i1.19491

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31

Levin, Molly. "On Partnering and Tourism: A Comparison of Two Small Towns in Western North Carolina." Practicing Anthropology 27, no. 4 (September 1, 2005): 19–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.27.4.rj76j731073671m1.

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Many community development organizations seek to involve their clients in projects through partnerships. This paper addresses the partnership model of the North Carolina-based organization HandMade in America and its Small Towns Revitalization Program. Ethnography plays an important role in this investigation. I spent the summer of 2004 as an intern at HandMade in America (HandMade), collecting ethnographic data in order to create a survey measuring the impact that the Small Towns program is having on the quality of residents' lives. While sitting in numerous living rooms and kitchens talking with men and women, old and young, local and newcomer, it became clear that while there are similarities across the region, each town has its own resources and problems that dictate the concerns of its residents.

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32

Sikder, Helena Akhter, A. N. M. Hamidul Kabir, A. M. Sarwaruddin Chowdhury, M. Nurul Islam, Ayesha Khatton, Jahid Sarker, and S. M. Mahruf Hossain. "Production of High Yield Pulp and Paper from Jute Fibre in Bangladesh: A Comparison with Other Crop Residues." Scholars International Journal of Chemistry and Material Sciences 5, no. 5 (July 19, 2022): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sijcms.2022.v05i05.002.

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As the allocated forestland for pulp and paper production in Bangladesh is very limited and a substantial amount of crops residues are generated each year, the latter can substitute for pulp and paper production. In this context, eight residues of crops produced in Bangladesh were evaluated. Final pulp yields were 40 -65% with the kappa number of 11-32% depending on crops residues. The experimental processes are outlined. The physico-mechanical properties of handmade papers are estimated by standard procedure. Gram per Square Metre (GSM), brightness percentage, thickness and tearing strength of different handmade paper sheets shows acceptable papermaking properties. FT-IR analysis were carried out for identifying types of chemicals bonds (functional groups).The study indicates that these hand-made papers can be used for making eco-friendly paper bags, packaging material which will be suitable alternative to the non-biodegradable plastic, a cause of ecological and environmental pollution.

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33

Vieira, M. G. A., and S. C. S. Rocha. "Mathematical modeling of handmade recycled paper drying kinetics and sorption isotherms." Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering 25, no. 2 (June 2008): 299–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-66322008000200009.

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34

Yan, Chunsheng, Zhongyi Cheng, Si Luo, Chen Huang, Songtao Han, Xiuli Han, Yuandong Du, and Chaonan Ying. "Analysis of handmade paper by Raman spectroscopy combined with machine learning." Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 53, no. 2 (November 16, 2021): 260–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.6280.

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Kulshreshtha, Shweta, Nupur Mathur, Pradeep Bhatnagar, and Shivani Kulshreshtha. "Cultivation of Pleurotus citrinopileatus on handmade paper and cardboard industrial wastes." Industrial Crops and Products 41 (January 2013): 340–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2012.04.053.

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Zhao, Jun, and Na Wang. "Innovating Pedagogical Practices for Handmade Courses in Preschool Education Using Artificial Intelligence." Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine 2022 (May 26, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3585958.

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Handmade is an important part of preschool education, which was aimed at improving children’s ability to work with their hands. Preschool education is the most basic and important aspect of a country’s educational system. As a result, individuals pursuing a degree in preschool education take on a lot of responsibility. The preschool education handmade course has become an important component of preschool education due to its practicality and creativity. Preschool education major offers classes in traditional crafts such as paper cutting, paper dyeing, origami, paper three-dimensional modeling, and ornamental painting. The teaching methods for custom-made preschool education courses are always evolving with the progress of society. The question of how to assess the efficacy of unique teaching methodologies for handmade courses has become crucial. This study employs artificial intelligence to create a neural network for assessing the creativity of teaching approaches for handmade courses in preschool education. The following is the specific work: Firstly, the idea, as well as the benefits and drawbacks of genetic algorithms, is investigated. To build an improved genetic algorithm (IGA), the chromosome encoding, fitness function, and three operation options are enhanced. Secondly, by improving the genetic algorithm, the selection of weights and thresholds in the BP neural network model is improved, and a combined model (IGA-BP) is created by integrating the improved genetic algorithm with the BP network. Finally, rigorous and systematic tests confirm the work’s efficacy and viability.

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Liu, Xingxing, Danjiancuo Yuan, Qiulin Han, and Jiali Chen. "Identification of 13th-14th Century Chinese Handmade Paper Fibers Collected in Yuan Dynasty Paper Currencies." Paper and Biomaterials 8, no. 4 (October 2023): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.26599/pbm.2023.9260024.

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Emmclan, Lau Sheng Hann, Muta Harah Zakaria, and Japar Sidik Bujang. "Utilization of aquatic weeds fibers for handmade papermaking." BioResources 13, no. 3 (June 8, 2018): 5684–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.13.3.5684-5701.

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Increasing global paper consumption has fostered the search for new alternative non-wood fiber sources. The aquatic weeds Cyperus digitatus, Cyperus iria, and Scirpus grossus were analysed for their fiber characteristics and chemical composition, and the processed fibers were transformed into handmade paper. The selected species yielded medium-length fibers (0.92 mm to 1.03 mm), which were thin-walled with a lumen diameter (3.37 µm to 5.26 µm) wider than cell wall thickness (2.73 µm to 2.97 µm). In terms of fiber derived values, the selected species possessed a slenderness ratio of 86.5 to 113.1 (favourable, > 30) and flexibility coefficient of 35.2 to 47.6 (favourable, within the range 50 to 70), which was classified as rigid fiber. The species also contained high cellulose, 42.1% to 44.8% (favourable, > 40%) and hemicellulose content, 42.8% to 45.6% (favourable, within the range of 30% to 50%), and low lignin content, 10.6% to 11.8% (favourable, < 12%). Handmade paper of Cyperus digitatus possessed relatively high tensile strength (2.61 ± 0.15 kN/m) and breaking length (1.20 ± 0.07 km) among studied species. Comparison with other non-wood fibers indicated that the studied plants fibers can be used for production of paper plates, paperboard, and decorative paper.

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Bozov, Stefan, and Elena Zaharieva-Stoyanova. "XML-based Approach for Digital Representation of Knitting Patterns." Digital Presentation and Preservation of Cultural and Scientific Heritage 4 (September 30, 2014): 106–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.55630/dipp.2014.4.12.

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This paper views the problems related to the development of knitting software for hand-made knitting. It presents an XML approach for digital representation of knitting patterns. Its purpose is to develop a uniform and platform independent description of simple graphics primitives corresponding to different types of stitches. The XML language can be built on CAD systems for handmade knitting. The users of these software applications could be: people, who are interested in knitting as a hobby; editors of knitting hobby magazines; ethnographers, who invest in the area of old traditional costumes and handmade knitting.

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Thote, Prashant, and Gowri S. "EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING: AN ANALYSIS OF IMPACT ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT AMONG STUDENTS OF GRADE 12." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 8, no. 9 (October 1, 2020): 188–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v8.i9.2020.1337.

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The molecular model as a learning tool in class-room instructions is significant due to its positive effect on the learning and teaching process. Many students struggle to learn Chemistry and do not succeed. Chemistry is the central part of all Science subjects. To make Chemistry learning easy and joyful appropriate method of class-room instructions are important. The Chemistry of solid states and composite materials is the part of the curriculum at All India Senior Secondary School Curriculum. Students face problems in solid state Chemistry due to its abstract concepts. To address the issue, handmade models and paper-based models are made as evidence-based learning. In this present paper attempt is made to investigate the impact of handmade paper model of unit cell and crystal lattices of solid-state Chemistry on academic achievement. The study is delimited to the students of only one school in rural area. Totally 50 students participate in the study. Sample is distributed into two groups: study group and the control group, by connecting them on the basis of the previous knowledge which is determined through pre-test. The students of the study group are taught solid states Chemistry through handmade paper models of unit cells and crystal lattices and the students of the control group are taught by using traditional chalk and board method. Data is collected by using Test (Pre and Post). Mean standard deviation and mean differences are used as a statistical tool to analyze the data. Substantial difference between the study group and the control group of mean score on test (pre and post and retention) are tested at 0.05 level. The handmade paper model of unit cell and crystal lattices of solid states Chemistry has significant positive impact on the academic achievement in solid state Chemistry. Based on the findings of the present study, some recommendations are made for using paper model as teaching aid for evidence-based learning in Chemistry and other core subjects to move up the students’ academic performance level.

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Cai, Mengling. "Overview of paper and papermaking in Xinjiang, China." Z Badań nad Książką i Księgozbiorami Historycznymi 14, no. 3 (November 18, 2020): 411–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.33077/uw.25448730.zbkh.2020.631.

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Papermaking in Xinjiang has a long history beginning during the Han Dynasty, to which a good many ancient documents excavated there bear witness. As an important transmitter of culture along the Silk Road, paper bears the imprint of the historical development of Xinjiang. Paper and papermaking techniques in Xinjiang are therefore of great historical and cultural importance. This article gives an overview of the development of traditional papermaking in Xinjiang, especially the mulberry papermaking in the Hotan area, by presenting its history, the raw materials used, papermaking and processing techniques, usages and the revival of handmade mulberry paper today in order to demonstrate its diverse values.

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Hong, Heesook, Hyun Jin Jo, and Seong Ju Kim. "The Physical Properties of Handmade Jumchi-Hanji Made with Korea Paper Mulberry." Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles 41, no. 04 (August 31, 2017): 633–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5850/jksct.2017.41.4.633.

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Yao, Jingjing, Ruohong Zhang, Chan Luo, Yueer Yan, Ning Bi, and Yi Tang. "Deterioration of Kaihua handmade paper: Evolution of molecular, supermolecular and macroscopic structures." Polymer Degradation and Stability 195 (January 2022): 109773. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2021.109773.

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Kharel, Arjun, and Gerad Middendorf. "Is Fair Trade ‘Fair’? A Study of Handmade Paper Producers in Nepal." Journal of Land and Rural Studies 3, no. 2 (July 2015): 253–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2321024914554520.

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Sevda, M. S., and N. S. Rathore. "Performance evaluation of the semicylindrical solar tunnel dryer for drying handmade paper." Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy 2, no. 1 (January 2010): 013107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3302139.

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Kamel, Ayman H., Hoda R. Galal, and Nasser S. Awwad. "Cost-effective and handmade paper-based potentiometric sensing platform for piperidine determination." Analytical Methods 10, no. 45 (2018): 5406–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ay01811a.

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Thote, Prashant, and Gowri S. "AN ANALYSIS OF IMPACT OF EVIDENCE BASED LEARNING ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF STUDENTS." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 8, no. 8 (August 29, 2020): 207–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v8.i8.2020.869.

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The outcome-based learning is leading and has set a new trend in innovative class-room instructions. In Chemistry, the solid-state structures and composite materials are covered in classroom due to its use in day to day life. In this paper attempt is made to present novel handmade model as a tool that provides a desired link between the unit cell representation and extended structure. This model offers visualization stacking pattern that provides simple- unit cell, body- centered and face -centered cubic and hexagonal closed packed cell. Preparing and using molecular handmade model in Teaching-Learning is significant and has a positive impact on academic achievement. The students handmade models acts as a tool for teaching and it has considerable importance in Science education. Totally 40 students of Grade 12 are selected as the sample for the present study. Students are divided into two sets - experimental group and control group. Each group consists of 20 students. Students of the experimental group are asked to make handmade model of unit cells. This handmade model of cells and pieces combines into three corresponding crystal shapes and through this students are taught about the primitive cell of solid state. The control group is taught by using traditional chalk and talk method. The present study is experimental in nature. The pre-test and post-test equivalent group design is used for collecting data. The mean deviation and difference of mean are computed for both groups. The significant differences of both the experimental and the control group based on the variables of pre-test and post-test are tested at 0.05 level by applying t-test. On the completion of statistical analysis of data and research it is concluded that the handmade model of the primitive cells of solid state unit of Chemistry has significant positive effect on the academic achievement of the students in Chemistry at Senior Secondary School level. Based on the findings it is recommended that teachers should use outcome based Teaching-Learning approach to move up student’s achievement in core subjects.

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Maneesha, Alavala, Kondam Anusha, and Bjd Kalyani. "Adaptive dermascopy application using machine learning." MATEC Web of Conferences 392 (2024): 01159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202439201159.

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Skin cancer is the most lethal because skin cells develop abnormally. Finding skin cancer early is very important and may help stop some kinds of skin cancer, like melanoma and focal cell carcinoma. Early detection and classification of skin cancer are difficult and costly. Recurrent networks and ConvNets can automatically extract complex data. This paper proposes to use a handmade features-based multi-layer perceptron and a cascaded ensembled network to upgrade ConvNet models. This convolutional neural network model detects non-handmade picture qualities and generates features like color moments and material properties. With ensembled DL, accuracy increased from 85.3% with convolutional neural networks to 98.3%.

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NAKAMURA, Masayuki, Akihiko IMAJO, Takashi YOSHIKAWA, and Hiroyuki HAMADA. "S0450103 Linkage of a waist and the neck in handmade Japanese paper manufacturing." Proceedings of Mechanical Engineering Congress, Japan 2015 (2015): _S0450103——_S0450103—. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecj.2015._s0450103-.

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MATSUDA, Kouhei, Takashi YOSHIKAWA, Masayuki NAKAMURA, and Shinji NOJIMA. "708 The handling of brush in production of Japanese Handmade paper called Danshi." Proceedings of the Materials and processing conference 2015.23 (2015): _708–1_—_708–5_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemp.2015.23._708-1_.

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