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1
Mina, Malekzadeh, and Rezaiee Fatemeh. "Impact of Inter-eNodeB Handover Parameters on Performance Optimization of LTE Networks." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer 9, no. 1 (2018): 212–20. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v9.i1.pp212-220.
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Handover, as a resource consuming process, is an important issue in mobile communications which can highly affect the overall performance of the LTE networks. Since the handover process mainly relies on four main entry condition parameters, optimizing these parameters will in turn improve the handover process. In this work, we investigate the effectiveness of the four handover parameters by measuring the resulting downlink throughput and number of the required handovers. We furthermore determine the optimized values of the parameters through implementing different sets of experiments. Finally, by applying the obtained optimized parameters on two main LTE handover algorithms i.e. A3RSRP and A2A4RSRQ, their performance is compared regarding to different speeds of the mobile equipment. We determine how to accurately select the optimal settings for the parameters so that greater LTE performance can be achieved.
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Malekzadeh, Mina, and Fatemeh Rezaiee. "Impact of Inter-eNodeB Handover Pameters on Performance Optimization of LTE Networks." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 9, no. 1 (2018): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v9.i1.pp212-220.
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<span>Handover, as a resource consuming process, is an important issue in mobile communications which can highly affect the overall performance of the LTE networks. Since the handover process mainly relies on four main entry condition parameters, optimizing these parameters will in turn improve the handover process. In this work, we investigate the effectiveness of the four handover parameters by measuring the resulting downlink throughput and number of the required handovers. We furthermore determine the optimized values of the parameters through implementing different sets of experiments. Finally, by applying the obtained optimized parameters on two main LTE handover algorithms i.e. A3RSRP and A2A4RSRQ, their performance is compared regarding to different speeds of the mobile equipment. We determine how to accurately select the optimal settings for the parameters so that greater LTE performance can be achieved. </span>
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Nur, Akbar. "The Effect of Neighboring Cells on Handover Decision Making Based on Fuzzy in the WCDMA Network." Jurnal Jartel: Jurnal Jaringan Telekomunikasi 5, no. 2 (2017): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.33795/jartel.v5i2.205.
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In channel transfer (handover) from one Base Station to another Base Station. The purpose of this final project is to analyze the effect of neighboring cells on handover decisions on WCDMA networks based on fuzzy, in this handover process, handover decisions use several parameters related to handovers and supported by fuzzy logic. Relatively high user mobility demands a guarantee until the use of the service ends, the impact of user mobility results in the output being analyzed for this handover decision to help give consideration to the optimal handover decision. The method used is Tsukamoto fuzzy logic, for decision making, while the measurement method In the field, the drive test method is carried out by measuring the signal level around the base station area, and comparing the results of the two methods. Comparison of handover decisions between the results of fuzzy logic and measurements, for example for the results of no proper in fuzzy logic, yields a rate value of 0% for soft handovers and 100% for hard handovers, and for proper results in fuzzy logic, yields a rate value for measurement. 95.22% for soft / soft handover and 4.72% for hard handover
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Yuhanef, Afrizal, Zurnawita -, Fitri Amalia, Nasrul -, and Ardi Syawaldipa. "Analysis of Handover Priority in Intra Technology Radio Access." International Journal of Advanced Science Computing and Engineering 5, no. 1 (2023): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.62527/ijasce.5.1.109.
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A handover strategy is required to ensure connection continuity for cellular network users due to user mobility. Handovers on the same frequency (intra-frequency) and handovers on other frequencies (inter-frequencies) are conceivable in the Intra Radio Access Technology network. The network must be able to give the best quality and optimal bandwidth so that consumers can keep their connection. Most cells have more than one bandwidth channel. A test was performed in this study to determine the influence of priority handover on intra-frequency LTE handover on signal strength and throughput. This study is based on actual measurement findings from the deployed 4G LTE network transceiver device, which contains several carriers for each eNodeB. TEMS Pocket, a mobile gadget, was used to collect data for measurements. For analysis purposes, the parameters RSRP, throughput, frequency band, serving cell identification or PCI (Physical Cell Identity), and event handover are employed. In the inter-frequency LTE handover, there are two priority handovers: handovers from lower bands to higher bands (high priority) and handovers from higher bands to lower bands (low priority). When a low-priority handover happens, the RSRP value and throughput increase, while a high-priority handover causes the RSRP value to decrease.
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Azita Laily Yusof, Izarul Fizry Jaafar, Norsuzila Ya’acob, Nur Syaza Zainali, and Aiman Zainali. "Handover Network Selection for Vehicle in LTE-A Communication Networks." Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology 31, no. 1 (2023): 373–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/araset.31.1.373382.
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One of the challenges to achieving smooth communications in heterogeneous networks is to find the right balance between various handover parameters for network selection. The Receive Signal Strength (RSS) from a network's Point of Attachment (PoA) is the primary factor used in traditional approaches to network selection. Therefore, network selection is vital for a successful handover in the vehicle communications network. However, vehicles moving through such diverse networks faced difficulties like frequent unwanted handovers, selecting the wrong candidate networks for handovers, and taking too long to finish the drawn-out handover procedure, which results in failed handovers. All of these factors will impair the efficiency of the handover process, which will affect the smooth operation of the vehicles. Hence, the main idea of this research is to improve the handover network performance selection performance. The proposed work is for vehicles to self-evaluate a candidate list of Access Points (AP) that are located in the vehicle movement direction and select the best underlying candidate network. In this project, the network selection framework of the vehicle communications network with the distance between the target candidate and the trajectory of the vehicle movement was developed as well as the vehicle mobility information. The important parameters which are the relative direction index, proximity index and residence time index are chosen to identify the best candidate network. Once the target of the base station has been identified, then the optimum value of the distance is calculated using the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique to initiate the handover process. The performance of the proposed handover network selection is simulated and evaluated using MATLAB software. The results show that the proposed handover network selection method improved the successful handover rate as compared to the conventional method.
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Rebin Abdullah Saeed. "Handover in a mobile wireless communication network –A Review Phase." International Journal of Computer Communication and Informatics 1, no. 1 (2019): 6–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/ijcci1912.
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Mobility is the features of mobile communication that makes it desirable by all and varied. The whole world is now attractive in wireless communication as it provides users' ability to communicate on-the-go. IT is accomplished by transferring users from a radio network to another. This process is called handover. Handover occurs by adjusting the duration of soft handovers, the size of the areas and either by cell crossing or by deterioration in the signal quality of the current channel — the brief overview of handover, Handover in WiMAX and LTE, types of handover, handover types solutions, usually used handover parameters, some methods employed in the literature and I contemporary the convergent fact for continuance in the area of mobile wireless communication Handover.
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Bathich, Ammar, Mohd Asri Mansor, Saiful Izwan Suliman, and Sinan Ghassan Abid Ali. "Q-Learning vertical handover scheme in two-tier LTE-A networks." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 10, no. 6 (2020): 5824. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v10i6.pp5824-5831.
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Global mobile communication necessitates improved capacity and proper quality assurance for services. To achieve these requirements, small cells have been deployed intensively by long term evolution (LTE) networks operators beside conventional base station structure to provide customers with better service and capacity coverage. Accomplishment of seamless handover between Macrocell layer (first tier) and Femtocell layer (second tier) is one of the key challenges to attain the QoS requirements. Handover related information gathering becomes very hard in high dense femtocell networks, effective handover decision techniques are important to minimize unnecessary handovers occurred and avoid Ping-Pong effect. In this work, we proposed and implemented an efficient handover decision procedure based on users’ profiles using Q-learning technique in an LTE-A macrocell-femtocell networks. New multi-criterion handover decision parameters are proposed in typical/dense femtocells in microcells environment to estimate the target cell for handover. The proposed handover algorithms are validated using the LTE-Sim simulator under an urban environment. The simulation results showed noteworthy reduction in the average number of handovers.
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Nayak, Sachin. "ns-3 Simulation Based Exploration of LTE Handover Optimization." ICST Transactions on Mobile Communications and Applications 7, no. 4 (2023): e4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eetmca.v7i4.2967.
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Network simulator (ns-3) is a reputed simulation platform for performance evaluation of cellular networks. In this work, we explore the use of ns-3 for tracking of successful handovers (HO) and handover failures and consequent impact on 4G LTE network throughput with the aim of discovering new analytical relations about HOs and new methods to optimize the resulting throughput. Decreased cell sizes in newer generation networks lead to increasing number of handovers and handover failures that have significant impact. We begin by reviewing analytical models in the literature that aim to predict number of HO and HO failures in terms of HO control and network parameters. We initially conduct a suite of exhaustive validation studies of such analytical models, based on the simulation execution manager (SEM) for ns-3 for parallelization. Via this, we discover new causal relations relating HO failures and choice of HO control parameters on network throughput. Based on these initial results, we next evaluate the application of Gaussian process regression for prediction of instantaneous network throughput and bandit algorithms as an effective mechanism to optimize throughput over time. The new relations discovered help better understand the impact of input handover control parameters on the number of handovers and handover failures allowing us to fine tune them. The new optimization and prediction methods discovered give good gains over baseline algorithms and help accurately predict throughput respectively.
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Hwang, Wen-Shyang, Teng-Yu Cheng, Yan-Jing Wu, and Ming-Hua Cheng. "Adaptive Handover Decision Using Fuzzy Logic for 5G Ultra-Dense Networks." Electronics 11, no. 20 (2022): 3278. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11203278.
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With the explosive increase in traffic volume in fifth-generation (5G) mobile wireless networks, an ultra-dense network (UDN) architecture, composed of highly concentrated millimeter-wave base stations within the fourth-generation (4G) system, has been developed. User equipment (UE) may encounter more frequent handover opportunities when moving in a UDN. Conventional handover schemes are too simple to adapt to the diverse handover scenarios encountered in 5G UDNs because they consider only UE signal strength. Unnecessary handovers aggravate the ping-pong effect and degrade the quality of service of cellular networks. Fuzzy logic (FL) is considered the best technique to unravel the handover problem in a high-density scenario of small cells for 4G/5G networks. In this paper, we propose an FL-based handover scheme to dynamically adjust the values of two handover parameters, namely handover margin (HOM) and time to trigger (TTT), with respect to each UE. The proposed scheme, abbreviated as FLDHDT, has dynamic adjustment of TTT in addition to HOM by using the signal to interference plus noise ratio and horizontal moving speed of the UE as inputs to the FL controller. To demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of FLDHDT, we perform simulations using the well-known ns-3 simulator. The performance measures include the number of handovers, overall system throughput, and ping-pong ratio. The simulation results demonstrate that FLDHDT improves the handover performance of 5G UDNs in terms of the number of handovers, ping-pong ratio, and overall system throughput compared to a conventional handover scheme, namely Event A3, and an FL-based handover scheme with dynamic adjustment of only HOM.
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Rehman, Aziz Ur, Mardeni Bin Roslee, and Tiang Jun Jiat. "A Survey of Handover Management in Mobile HetNets: Current Challenges and Future Directions." Applied Sciences 13, no. 5 (2023): 3367. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13053367.
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With the rapid growth of data traffic and mobile devices, it is imperative to provide reliable and stable services during mobility. Heterogeneous Networks (HetNets) and dense networks have been identified as potential solutions to address the upcoming capacity crunch, but they also pose significant challenges related to handover optimization. This paper presents a comprehensive review of recent handover decision algorithms in HetNets, categorizing them based on their decision techniques and summarizing their input parameters, techniques, and performance evaluations. Our study highlights the technical challenges and opportunities related to handovers in HetNets and dense cellular networks and provides key findings from recent studies. The significance of this survey is to provide a comprehensive overview of handover decision algorithms in HetNets and dense cellular networks, which can aid in the development of more advanced handover optimization approaches.
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Ezz-Eldien, Nada Ahmed, Heba M. Abdel-Atty, Mahmoud I. Abdalla, Korany R. Mahmoud, and Mohamed F. Abdelkader. "An adaptive optimized handover decision model for heterogeneous networks." PLOS ONE 18, no. 11 (2023): e0294411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0294411.
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A heterogeneous network (HetNet), combining different technologies, is considered a promising solution adopted by several upcoming generations of mobile networks to keep up with the rapid development of mobile users’ requirements while improving network performance. In this scenario, a vertical handover (VHO) algorithm is responsible for ensuring the continuity of the ongoing user connection while moving within the coverage of the HetNet. Although various VHO algorithms were proposed, achieving efficient performance from both network and user perspectives remains challenging. This paper proposes an adaptive optimized vertical handover algorithm based on a multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) algorithm integrated with particle swarm optimization and gravitational search algorithm (PSOGSA) as a framework to implement the handover process. The algorithm includes three main ideas. Firstly, a network selection framework is proposed considering the most important criteria, including signal strength and other networks’ attributes, along with users’ characteristics regarding their mobility and service preferences. Secondly, two new parameters are introduced as control handover parameters named load factor (LF) and score priority (SP) to reduce unnecessary handovers and the overall HetNet power consumption while achieving balanced load distribution. Lastly, the desired aims are formulated as an objective function, then the PSOGSA algorithm is used to reach the optimal values of both LF and SP, which will be considered when executing the handover algorithm. The presented algorithm is simulated in a heterogeneous wireless network where the fifth-generation (5G) wireless technology coexists with other radio access networks to improve the evaluation field of the proposed algorithm. Also, the proposed algorithm’s performance is evaluated in the case of using various MADM algorithms. The simulation results show that the proposed adaptive optimized approach attains efficient performance by decreasing unnecessary handovers by more than 40% and achieving much better load distribution by around 20% to 40%, outperforming traditional handover approaches.
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Zhu, Zhiyi, Junjun Zheng, Eiji Takimoto, Patrick Finnerty, and Chikara Ohta. "Directional Handover Analysis with Stochastic Petri Net and Poisson Point Process in Heterogeneous Networks." Mathematics 13, no. 3 (2025): 349. https://doi.org/10.3390/math13030349.
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Handover is crucial for ensuring seamless connectivity in heterogeneous networks (HetNet) by enabling user equipment (UE) to switch its connection link between cells based on signal conditions. However, conventional analytical approaches ignored the distinctions between macro-cell to small-cell (M2S) and small-cell to macro-cell (S2M) scenarios during a handover decision-making process, which resulted in handover failures (HoF) or ping-pong handovers. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel framework, Do-SPN-PPP, that combines stochastic Petri net (SPN) and the Poisson point process (PPP) to quantitatively analyze M2S and S2M handover performance differences. The proposed framework also reveals and predicts how handover parameters affect UE residence time in a cell within the HetNet, and it exhibits a higher predictive accuracy compared with the traditional conventional analytical approach. In addition, the Monte Carlo simulation verified the Do-SPN-PPP framework, and the proposed framework exhibits a 96% reduction in computation time while maintaining a 95% confidence interval and 0.5% error tolerance compared with the simulation.
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Khan, Murad, and Kijun Han. "An Optimized Network Selection and Handover Triggering Scheme for Heterogeneous Self-Organized Wireless Networks." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/173068.
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Optimizing the balance between different handover parameters for network selection is one of the challenging tasks for seamless communication in heterogeneous networks. Traditional approaches for network selection are mostly based on the Receive Signal Strength (RSS) from the Point of Attachment (PoA) of a network. Most of these schemes are suffered from high handover delay, false handover indications, and inappropriate network selection for handover. To address these problems, we present an optimized network selection scheme based on the speed of a mobile node. A mechanism based on two different thresholds on the speed of a Mobile Node (MN) is integrated in the proposed scheme. If the speed of an MN is greater than any of the threshold, the MN performs handover to a particular network. We employ Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) in the proposed scheme to select the best PoA of the selected network. Similarly, to deal with false handover indications, we proposed an optimized handover triggering technique. We compare our proposed scheme with existing schemes in context of energy consumption for scanning, frequent and failed handovers, packet loss ratio, and handover delay. The proposed scheme shows superior performance and it outperforms existing schemes used for similar purpose. Moreover, simulation results show the accuracy and performance of the proposed scheme.
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Deswal, Suman, and Anita Singhrova. "QUALITY OF SERVICE PROVISIONING USING MULTICRITERIA HANDOVER STRATEGY IN OVERLAID NETWORKS." Malaysian Journal of Computer Science 33, no. 1 (2020): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/mjcs.vol33no1.1.
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The poor coverage problem inside the buildings and the existence of disparate wireless technologies have led to the development of integrated macro femtocellular networks. Correct and efficient vertical handover decision is of utmost importance in such integrated macro femtocellular networks. Initially, Received Signal Strength (RSS) used to be the sole criterion for taking a decision for vertical handover. Such decision leads to inaccurate results and therefore unnecessary handovers. In this paper, a multicriteria vertical handover strategy based on received signal strength, user velocity, number of users in a cell and data rate of the cell is proposed. This proposed strategy and the traditional algorithm are simulated and the results are analyzed quantitatively for different QoS parameters namely ping pong rate, packet loss ratio, throughput, packet delay, jitter and signalling cost. The results show significant improvement in the QoS parameters when the proposed strategy is used as compared to traditional algorithm.
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Gannapathy, Vigneswara Rao, Rosdiadee Nordin, Asma Abu-Samah, Nor Fadzilah Abdullah, and Mahamod Ismail. "An Adaptive TTT Handover (ATH) Mechanism for Dual Connectivity (5G mmWave—LTE Advanced) during Unpredictable Wireless Channel Behavior." Sensors 23, no. 9 (2023): 4357. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23094357.
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Fifth Generation (5G) signals using the millimeter wave (mmWave) spectrums are highly vulnerable to blockage due to rapid variations in channel link quality. This can cause the devices or User Equipment (UE) to suffer from connection failure. In a dual connectivity (DC) network, the channel’s intermittency issues were partially solved by maintaining the UE’s connectivity to primary (LTE advanced stations) and secondary (5G mmWave stations) simultaneously. Even though the dual-connected network performs excellently in maintaining connectivity, its performance drops significantly due to the inefficient handover from one 5G mmWave station to another. The situation worsens when UE travels a long distance in a highly dense obstacle environment, which requires multiple ineffective handovers that eventually lead to performance degradation. This research aimed to propose an Adaptive TTT Handover (ATH) mechanism that deals with unpredictable 5G mmWave wireless channel behaviors that are highly intermittent. An adaptive algorithm was developed to automatically adjust the handover control parameters, such as Time-to-Trigger (TTT), based on the current state of channel condition measured by the Signal-to-Interference-Noise Ratio (SINR). The developed algorithm was tested under a 5G mmWave statistical channel model to represent a time-varying channel matrix that includes fading and the Doppler effect. The performance of the proposed handover mechanism was analyzed and evaluated in terms of handover probability, latency, and throughput by using the Network Simulator 3 tool. The comparative simulation result shows that the proposed adaptive handover mechanism performs excellently compared to conventional handovers and other enhancement techniques.
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Rafiq, Muhammad Adnan. "Handover Optimization Scheme for 5G Heterogeneous Network." International Journal of Advanced Engineering, Management and Science 11, no. 2 (2025): 038–56. https://doi.org/10.22161/ijaems.112.5.
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The worldwide boom in the use of wireless services has led to previously unheard-of levels of expansion for mobile connections and apps. Data traffic has increased dramatically as a result of this rise in activity, which has led to a research into solutions to meet this need. mm wave bands and very dense deployment are two of main features of fifth-generation (5G) networks. These solutions have resulted in a noticeable increase in the frequency of handovers (HOs), which has raised the incidence of dropped calls and unnecessary handovers. In order to address these problems during user mobility, it becomes imperative to optimize the control parameters associated with handovers. This research contribution provides a self-optimizing handover technique that leverages fuzzy coordination to enable smooth handovers as users move across multi-radio access networks. The suggested technique employs a fuzzy system that takes into account the S/I (signal-to-interference) plus noise ratio, cell load & user equipment speed to effectively balance the opposing requirements of mobility resilience and load balancing. The suggested approach effectively manages and optimizes mobility in a variety of mobile speed circumstances, decreasing ping-pong handovers, radio link failures, and handover delay. This is shown by simulation results. Additionally, the proposed technique greatly minimizes the outage probability when compared to other schemes discovered in the existing literature.
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Suman, Deswal, and Singhrova Anita. "A Vertical Handover Algorithm in Integrated Macrocell Femtocell Networks." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 7, no. 1 (2017): 299–308. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v7i1.pp299-308.
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The explosion in wireless telecommunication technologies has lead to a huge increase in the number of mobile users. The greater dependency on the mobile devices has raised the user’s expectations to always remain best connected. In the process, the user is always desiringgood signal strength even at certain black spots and indoors. Moreover, the exponential growth of the number of mobile devices has overloaded macrocells. Femtocells have emerged out as a good promising solution for complete coverage indoors and for offloading macrocell. Therefore, a new handover strategy between femtocells and macrocell is proposed in this paper. The proposed handover algorithm is mainly based on calculating equivalent received signal strength along with dynamic margin for performing handover. The simulation results of proposed algorithm are compared with the traditional algorithm. The proposed strategy shows improvement in two major performance parameters namely reduction in unnecessary handovers and Packet Loss Ratio. The quantitative analysis further shows 55.27% and 23.03% reduction in packet loss ratio and 61.85% and 36.78% reduction in unnecessary handovers at a speed of 120kmph and 30kmph respectively. Moreover, the proposed algorithm proves to be an efficient solution for both slow and fast moving vehicles.
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Zhang, Li Jun, and Samuel Pierre. "Mobility Support for IPv6-based Next Generation Wireless Networks." International Journal of Wireless Networks and Broadband Technologies 2, no. 3 (2012): 18–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijwnbt.2012070103.
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This paper presents an overview of IPv6-based mobility management protocols: mobile IPv6 (MIPv6), fast handovers for mobile IPv6 (FMIPv6), hierarchical mobile IPv6 (HMIPv6), and fast handover for hierarchical mobile IPv6 (F-HMIPv6). All these protocols play an important role in the next generation wireless networks, because in such networks, mobile users need to be freely change their access network or domain with on-going real-time multimedia services. The mobility management procedure for each protocol is described in details. Furthermore, handover performance is compared for host-based mobility protocols using analytical modeling. The effect of various wireless network parameters on the performance is studied carefully. Numerical analysis shows that handoff performance in wireless networks is largely dependent on various system parameters such as the user velocity, subnet radius, and session-to-mobility ratio, domain size and binding lifetime; there is a trade-off between performance metrics and such parameters.
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Litake, Shilpa R., and Prachi Mukherji. "Integration of Fuzzy Logic and ABC Algorithm for Optimized Network Selection in Heterogeneous Wireless Environment." International Journal of Sensors, Wireless Communications and Control 10, no. 2 (2020): 248–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2210327909666190401205928.
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Background & Objective: Various Radio Access Technologies are integrated in the next generation of Heterogeneous Wireless Networks. The coexistence of various kinds of wireless access networks ensures high service quality (QoS) for the users. Seamless vertical handover plays a significant role in providing ubiquitous access to users. The ability to select the optimal access network out of available access networks decides the comprehensive performance of the system. A novel scheme: Handoff Urgency Estimator and Target Access Network Selector using Artificial Bee Colony algorithm (HUETANSABC) for deciding the necessity of handover and selection of the best network is proposed in this paper. The objective of the proposed work is to choose the most promising access network out of available coexisting networks for enhancing user experience. Fuzzy logic provides reliable results even when the input parameters are random in nature and can not be defined precisely. Artificial Bee Colony is an effective method for searching and optimization. Proposed system combines best of fuzzy logic and ABC algorithm for timely initiation of vertical handover. To gather the required information for handover, services provided by IEEE 802.21 standard are utilized. Proposed integration of fuzzy logic and the ABC algorithm has resulted in a decreasing number of unnecessary handovers. Methods: The effect of varying context parameters is analyzed using Fuzzy Inference System to estimate the urgency of handover. The optimization of a target access network selection process is achieved using meta-heuristic method. Results: Simulation results on MATLAB indicate that the proposed system performs better than ABC and Multiple Attribute Decision Making (MADM) techniques.
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Perovic, Gojko, Francesco Iori, Angela Mazzeo, Marco Controzzi, and Egidio Falotico. "Adaptive Robot-Human Handovers With Preference Learning." Robotics and Automation Letters 8, no. 10 (2023): 6331–38. https://doi.org/10.1109/LRA.2023.3306280.
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This letter proposes an adaptive method for robot-to-human handovers under different scenarios. The method combines Dynamic Movement Primitives (DMP) with Preference Learning (PL) to generate online trajectories that are reactive to human motion, modulating the speed of the robot. The PL allows for tuning the coupling parameters of the DMP, tailoring the interaction to each participant personally, and allowing for qualitative analysis of user preferences. Simulation of an interaction-constrained learning task with different optimization techniques is performed to determine an appropriate learning approach for a handover task. The validity of the approach is demonstrated through experiments with participants on two handover tasks, with results indicating that the proposed method leads to seamless and pleasurable interactions.
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Inzerilli, T., Anna Maria Vegni, A. Neri, and R. Cusani. "A Cross-Layer Location-Based Approach for Mobile-Controlled Connectivity." International Journal of Digital Multimedia Broadcasting 2010 (2010): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/597105.
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We investigate into the potentiality of an enhanced Power and Location-based Vertical Handover (PLB-VHO) approach, based on a combination of physical parameters (i.e., location and power attenuation information), for mobile-controlled connectivity across UMTS and WLAN networks. We show that the location information in a multiparameter vertical handover can significantly enhance communication performance. In the presented approach a power attenuation map for the visited area is built and kept updated by exploiting the information sharing of power measurements with other cooperating mobile devices inside the visited networks. Such information is then used for connectivity switching in handover decisions. The analytical model for the proposed technique is first presented and then compared with a traditional Power-Based approach and a simplified Location-Based technique. Simulation results show the effectiveness of PLB-VHO approach, in terms of (i) network performance optimization and (ii) limitation of unnecessary handovers (i.e., mitigation ofping-pong effect).
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Deswal, Suman, and Anita Singhrova. "A Vertical Handover Algorithm in Integrated Macrocell Femtocell Networks." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 7, no. 1 (2017): 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v7i1.pp299-308.
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<p>The explosion in wireless telecommunication technologies has lead to a huge increase in the number of mobile users. The greater dependency on the mobile devices has raised the user’s expectations to always remain best connected. In the process, the user is always desiring good signal strength even at certain black spots and indoors. Moreover, the exponential growth of the number of mobile devices has overloaded macrocells. Femtocells have emerged out as a good promising solution for complete coverage indoors and for offloading macrocell. Therefore, a new handover strategy between femtocells and macrocell is proposed in this paper. The proposed handover algorithm is mainly based on calculating equivalent received signal strength along with dynamic margin for performing handover. The simulation results of proposed algorithm are compared with the traditional algorithm. The proposed strategy shows improvement in two major performance parameters namely reduction in unnecessary handovers and Packet Loss Ratio. The quantitative analysis further shows 55.27% and 23.03% reduction in packet loss ratio and 61.85% and 36.78% reduction in unnecessary handovers at a speed of 120kmph and 30kmph respectively. Moreover, the proposed algorithm proves to be an efficient solution for both slow and fast moving vehicles.</p>
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Fahim Yegane, Seyedeh Almas, Ali Shahrami, Hamid Reza Hatamabadi, and Seyed-Mostafa Hosseini-Zijoud. "Clinical Information Transfer between EMS Staff and Emergency Medicine Assistants during Handover of Trauma Patients." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 32, no. 5 (2017): 541–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x17006562.
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AbstractIntroductionClinical handover by Emergency Medical Services (EMS) staff, as the first people who have contact with trauma patients, in the emergency department (ED), is very important. Therefore, effective communication to transfer clinical information about patients in a concise, rational, clear, and time-bound manner is essential. In Iran, the transfer of necessary information in clinical handover in EDs was carried out orally and without following standard instructions. This study aimed to audit the current clinical handover according to the Identify, Situation, Background, Assessment, and Recommendation (ISBAR) tool and survey the effect of training the ISBAR tool to Emergency Medicine Assistants (EMAs) and EMS staff on improvement of the clinical handover of patients to the ED.MethodsThis is a clinical audit study in three phases in Imam Hossein Hospital (Tehran, Iran) during 2016. In the first phase, the clinical handover between EMS staff and EMAs for 178 trauma patients admitted to the ED using ISBAR was audited and information was recorded. In the second phase, the correct approach of clinical handover according to the ISBAR tool was taught to EMS staff and EMAs using pamphlets and lectures. In the third phase, again, the clinical handover between EMS staff and EMAs for 168 trauma patients admitted to the ED was audited using the ISBAR tool and information was recorded. At the end, clinical audit assessment indicators of handover were evaluated before and after training.ResultsClinical audit of the current situation in the ED showed that the clinical handover process does not follow standard ISBAR (0.0%). However, after training, 65.3% of clinical handover processes were performed in accordance with ISBAR. In the current study, there was an increase in all parameters of the ISBAR tool after training, most of which increased significantly compared to the first phase of the study (before the intervention).ConclusionsFindings demonstrate that patient handover in the ED did not initially follow the ISBAR standard guideline. After providing education as pamphlets and lectures to EMS staff and EMAs, a high percentage of patient handovers were conducted in accordance with the ISBAR instructions.Fahim YeganeSA,ShahramiA,HatamabadiHR,Hosseini-ZijoudSM.Clinical information transfer between EMS staff and Emergency Medicine Assistants during handover of trauma patients.Prehosp Disaster Med.2017;32(5):541–547.
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Majid, Saad Ijaz, Syed Waqar Shah, and Safdar Nawaz Khan Marwat. "Applications of Extreme Gradient Boosting for Intelligent Handovers from 4G To 5G (mm Waves) Technology with Partial Radio Contact." Electronics 9, no. 4 (2020): 545. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9040545.
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In a network topology, where 5G (mm Waves) have better coverage footprint compared to 4G (LTE or LTE-A) technology, mobile devices would generally be handed over from 4G to 5G. In this work, a supervised intelligent prediction technique for improved handover success rate (HSR) from 4G to 5G technology is proposed. The technique is applicable for base stations enabled with sub-6-GHz and mm-wave bands. This technique is novel since it can predict HSR even before switching to 5G radio circuitry or initiating its measurement gap for acquisition of mm-wave reference signal received power (RSRP) unlike conventional algorithms. Thus, preempting all handovers which are likely to fail will provide improvements in latency, delay, and handover success rate, as well as decrease call drops. Therefore, this research work answers previous research shortcomings and can unleash applications of supervised intelligent algorithms for predicting the HSR from 4G to 5G. The proposed algorithm is validated by showing improvements obtained through simulation results performed using Python-based framework. The proposed algorithm is tested for reliability with increasing parameters such as the intensity number of UEs and simulation time. Improvements in standard handover algorithm are also proposed.
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Sandy, Sandy. "Fuzzy Logic for the Improving of Handover Decision and the Adaptive Adjustment of Control Parameters in 5G Wireless Networks." Neutrosophic and Information Fusion 4, no. 2 (2024): 18–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.54216/nif.040203.
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Handover process is one of the most important aspects of mobility management in 5G wireless networks. It becomes a hot topic for researchers because it constitutes a guarantee of communication continuity during the user's movement, in addition to being the basic step on which the mobility load balancing process depends to distribute the load between the cells. The focus on this process is whether by providing solutions to improve the handover decision-making, or by modifying the values of the handover control parameters in a way that it guarantees the reduction of handover problems, because the inaccurate or unnecessary modification of these parameters values will cause a degradation in the quality of service. This paper presents a study targeting two mechanisms to improve handover decision-making and selection of handover control parameters adaptively based on different schemes. The first one, based on a learning model called LIM2 and the second one is based on fuzzy logic and is called RHOT-FLC. The results show that the RHOT-FLC mechanism, which relies on fuzzy logic and takes into account the user's velocity provides better performance in term of average throughput, packet drop rate, average HOPP probability, average HO latency, HO failure.
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Saad, Wasan Kadhim, Ibraheem Shayea, Bashar J. Hamza, Hafizal Mohamad, Yousef Ibrahim Daradkeh, and Waheb A. Jabbar. "Handover Parameters Optimisation Techniques in 5G Networks." Sensors 21, no. 15 (2021): 5202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21155202.
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The massive growth of mobile users will spread to significant numbers of small cells for the Fifth Generation (5G) mobile network, which will overlap the fourth generation (4G) network. A tremendous increase in handover (HO) scenarios and HO rates will occur. Ensuring stable and reliable connection through the mobility of user equipment (UE) will become a major problem in future mobile networks. This problem will be magnified with the use of suboptimal handover control parameter (HCP) settings, which can be configured manually or automatically. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the impact of different HCP settings on the performance of 5G network. Several system scenarios are proposed and investigated based on different HCP settings and mobile speed scenarios. The different mobile speeds are expected to demonstrate the influence of many proposed system scenarios on 5G network execution. We conducted simulations utilizing MATLAB software and its related tools. Evaluation comparisons were performed in terms of handover probability (HOP), ping-pong handover probability (PPHP) and outage probability (OP). The 5G network framework has been employed to evaluate the proposed system scenarios used. The simulation results reveal that there is a trade-off in the results obtained from various systems. The use of lower HCP settings provides noticeable enhancements compared to higher HCP settings in terms of OP. Simultaneously, the use of lower HCP settings provides noticeable drawbacks compared to higher HCP settings in terms of high PPHP for all scenarios of mobile speed. The simulation results show that medium HCP settings may be the acceptable solution if one of these systems is applied. This study emphasises the application of automatic self-optimisation (ASO) functions as the best solution that considers user experience.
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Subhan, Fazli, Halabi Hasbullah, Azat Rozyyev, and Sheikh Tahir Bakhsh. "Handover in Bluetooth Networks using Signal Parameters." Information Technology Journal 10, no. 5 (2011): 965–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/itj.2011.965.973.
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Nyambati, Emily Teresa, and Vitalice K. Oduol. "Analysis of The Impact of Fuzzy Logic Algorithm On Handover Decision in A Cellular Network." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 5, no. 5 (2017): 46–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol5.iss5.664.
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Fuzzy logic is one of the intelligent systems that can be used to develop algorithms for handover. For success in handing over, the decision-making process is crucial and thus should be highly considered. The performance of fixed parameters is not okay in the changing cellular system environments. The work done on this paper aims to analyse the impact of utilising the fuzzy logic system for handover decision making considering the Global System for Mobile communication (GSM) network. The results from the different simulations show that the need to handover varies depending on the input(s) to the Fuzzy Inference System (FIS). By increasing the number of data, thus the criteria parameters used in the algorithm, an Optimised Handover Decision (OHOD) is realised.
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Abdullah Saeed, Rebin. "Performance Comparison of Handover mechanisms in mobile wireless communication networks for Broadband Wireless Access Systems." International Journal of Computer Communication and Informatics 2, no. 1 (2020): 25–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/ijcci2014.
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Mobility is the mobile communication characteristics which make it diverse and attractive for all. Wireless communication is now attractive to the whole world and provides the ability of users to communicate very active. Transferring the users from one radio network to another is accomplishing the IT. The process is called the handover process. The transfer takes place by adjusting the duration of the soft transfers, the area size and either by cell crossing or by deterioration in the signal quality of the current channel — the brief overview of handover, Handover in WiMAX and LTE, types of handover, handover types solutions, approaches used in literature are typically transfer parameters and I contemporary the convergent fact for continuance in the area of mobile and wireless communication Handover.
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Saad, Iqbal, Khan Alamgir, Wasim Khan Hassan, Khan Imran, and Muhammad Fazal. "Performance Enhancement of Heterogeneous Cellular Networks Using Vertical Handover." International Journal of Engineering Works (ISSN: 2409-2770) 06, no. 02 (2019): 44–49. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2565880.
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In seamless and fast mobility, smooth handover is one of the major challenges in small cell heterogeneous cellular networks. This paper focuses on the phenomenon of vertical handover for wireless heterogeneous networks. This class of networks can be grounded on the parameter values such as bandwidth availability, received signal strength, call request/served per unit time (mean), power dissipation, consumption of power, duration of mobile station presence, network security, cost of the network and velocity of the mobile station. The proposed system, in this paper, is characterized on the basis of four network parameters which are scrutinized as per a pre-defined criterion. Thereafter, vertical handover occurs at the most suitable among the available four networks. In order to achieve the objective, various parameters are applied for the vertical handover decision and implementation. Furthermore, the final decision is taken on the basis of individual network’s call blocking probability considering the aforesaid parameters.
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Alraih, Saddam, Rosdiadee Nordin, Ibraheem Shayea, Nor Fadzilah Abdullah, Asma Abu-Samah, and Abdulraqeb Alhammadi. "Effectiveness of Handover Control Parameters on Handover Performance in 5G and beyond Mobile Networks." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (March 29, 2022): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2266282.
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Mobility management is essential in mobile communication networks to provide a smooth connection during users’ mobility. Handover control parameters (HCPs), such as handover margin (HOM) and time-to-trigger (TTT), are major and essential factors in mobility management that must be defined carefully to make efficient handover (HO) procedures. Their impact becomes more critical with the deployment of fifth-generation (5G) mobile networks and beyond (B5G). This is due to the different characterizations of next mobile networks, such as the use of millimeter-wave (mmWave) bands, the ultradense deployment of small base stations (BSs), large mobile connection traffic growth, and other more critical factors. The case becomes more sensitive with the high mobility speed scenarios. This study proposes different HCP system settings to be investigated and analyzed over B5G networks. They will be investigated with various mobile speed scenarios to illustrate their impact on the network performance. Various key performance indicators (KPIs) are considered to evaluate and validate system performance, such as reference signal received power (RSRP), HO probability (HOP), HO ping-pong (HOPP), radio link failure (RLF), HO interruption time (HIT), and HO failure (HOF). Results show that the various system settings provide different and significant impacts on the performance of B5G networks. Furthermore, the setting of HCP1 obtained the best performance in RSRP and RLF with -69.7 dBm and 4.8%, respectively, while the optimum performance of HOPP, HIT, HOP, and HOF is achieved in the HCP6 setting with 0%, 0.02 ms, 0.05%, and 0%, respectively. Moreover, the overall outcome of all HCP settings is 54.94%. These results indicate a tradeoff between RLF and HOPP with various HCP settings in B5G mobile networks. Thus, the HCP system settings must be adjusted carefully considering other factors, such as mobile environment and use case.
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He, Jiao, Tianqi Xiang, Yixin Wang, Huiyuan Ruan, and Xin Zhang. "A Reinforcement Learning Handover Parameter Adaptation Method Based on LSTM-Aided Digital Twin for UDN." Sensors 23, no. 4 (2023): 2191. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23042191.
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Adaptation of handover parameters in ultra-dense networks has always been one of the key issues in optimizing network performance. Aiming at the optimization goal of effective handover ratio, this paper proposes a deep Q-learning (DQN) method that dynamically selects handover parameters according to wireless signal fading conditions. This approach seeks good backward compatibility. In order to enhance the efficiency and performance of the DQN method, Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) is used to build a digital twin and assist the DQN algorithm to achieve a more efficient search. Simulation experiments prove that the enhanced method has a faster convergence speed than the ordinary DQN method, and at the same time, achieves an average effective handover ratio increase of 2.7%. Moreover, in different wireless signal fading intervals, the method proposed in this paper has achieved better performance.
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Arbain, Norakmar, and Zolidah Kasiran. "Conceptual mobility model of vertical handover decision in heterogeneous networks." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 13, no. 3 (2019): 1143. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v13.i3.pp1143-1151.
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In heterogeneous network, maintaining seamless connectivity needs excessive efforts from various aspects such as network availability and mobile node reliability. Presently, a vertical handover management is a practical approach in facilitating the service continuity for mobile users. Many researches have been conducted in this area by considering performance improvement in delay, latency, and overhead. Preserving the Quality of Services (QoS) based on user mobility and pattern movement during handover decision has become an important aspect in vertical handover management. This paper presents the conceptual mobility model of vertical handover decision in heterogeneous network. Hence, several researches in vertical handover decision management has been reviewed regarding the issues on the vertical handover decision algorithms such as RSS Based Algorithm, MADM Based Algorithm and Intelligence Based Algorithm. This paper highlights the current decision algorithms that integrate the traditional methods with intelligence algorithm for better optimization. In decision parameters, the user mobility pattern can be importance in terms of direction randomness and mobility speed. Hence, a conceptual mobility-awareness model for vertical handover are been proposed in targeting some improvement of handover performance.
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Norakmar, Arbain, and Kasiran Zolidah. "Conceptual mobility model of vertical handover decision in heterogeneous networks." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 13, no. 3 (2019): 1143–51. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v13.i3.pp1143-1151.
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In heterogeneous network, maintaining seamless connectivity needs excessive efforts from various aspects such as network availability and mobile node reliability. Presently, a vertical handover management is a practical approach in facilitating the service continuity for mobile users. Many researches have been conducted in this area by considering performance improvement in delay, latency, and overhead. Preserving the Quality of Services (QoS) based on user mobility and pattern movement during handover decision has become an important aspect in vertical handover management. This paper presents the conceptual mobility model of vertical handover decision in heterogeneous network. Hence, several researches in vertical handover decision management has been reviewed regarding the issues on the vertical handover decision algorithms such as RSS Based Algorithm, MADM Based Algorithm and Intelligence Based Algorithm. This paper highlights the current decision algorithms that integrate the traditional methods with intelligence algorithm for better optimization. In decision parameters, the user mobility pattern can be importance in terms of direction randomness and mobility speed. Hence, a conceptual mobility-awareness model for vertical handover are been proposed in targeting some improvement of handover performance.
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Zainali, Nur Syaza, Azita Laily Yusof, Muhammad Aiman Zainali, and Norsuzila Ya’acob. "A Multi-Criteria eNode-B Pre-Selection and Handover Triggering Scheme for LTE-A Heterogeneous Wireless Network." Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology 63, no. 4 (2025): 121–31. https://doi.org/10.37934/araset.63.4.121131.
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To establish the best connection possible, different radio access technologies are combined to form a heterogeneous wireless network (HetNets). The HetNets consists of macro cells and small cells in the Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-A) network. However, the fast pace of development of LTE-A technology has been very challenging due to the increase in the number of user equipment (UE). Managing the selection of the target cell and migration of active communication sessions of the UE between different base station (BS) points is vital for seamless mobility. To address this issue, a multi-criteria eNodeB pre-selection parameter is introduced to pre-select the most suitable cell for handover. The proposed approach aims to enable UE to autonomously assess a list of potential eNodeB located in their direction of movement and choose the most suitable candidate network. A framework for eNodeB selection is developed that considers the distance between the candidate network and the vehicle's trajectory, as well as the mobility information of the vehicle. The important parameters which are the proximity index and distance factor are chosen to identify the best candidate eNodeB. Moreover, we investigate an efficient scheme for the handover trigger to get an optimum distance for handover initiation using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique. The results show that to reduce unsuccessful handover, the proposed parameters are reliable for eNodeB selection to self-select the network and improved the successful handover probability by using the proposed optimum distance for handover triggering to initiate the handover process which is 98% of handover will be successful.
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Zhang, Ziyang, Zheng Jiang, Bei Yang, and Xiaoming She. "A Beamforming-Based Enhanced Handover Scheme with Adaptive Threshold for 5G Heterogeneous Networks." Electronics 12, no. 19 (2023): 4131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12194131.
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In order to tackle the explosive growth of data traffic and the number of terminals, 5G heterogeneous network (HetNet) has become an important evolution direction of 5G networking architecture. Densely deployed micro base stations (gNBs) in 5G HetNets will dramatically increase the handover frequency of user equipment (UE), resulting in more handover failures, and seriously reducing the user experience of mobile UE. Aiming at tackling this problem, this paper proposes a beam enhancement handover scheme with an adaptive threshold. Firstly, different beamforming gains are configured for the mobile UE in the overlapping area of two gNBs to improve the signal strength received by the UE at the edge of gNB coverage. Secondly, for mobile UE with different speeds, adaptive handover decision parameters are configured, and reference signal receiving strength (RSRP) as well as reference signal receiving quality (RSRQ) are used for joint handover decisions to achieve reliable handover. The simulation results verify that the proposed scheme can effectively improve the signal strength of the edge area, and the adaptive joint handover decision algorithm based on UE speed can also effectively improve the handover success probability.
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Nisyah, Ainun, Aisah Aisah, and Lis Diana Mustafa. "Analysis of Signal Quality on Intra and Inter Handover Performance on the 4G LTE Network using the SSV Method." Jurnal Jartel: Jurnal Jaringan Telekomunikasi 10, no. 2 (2020): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33795/jartel.v10i2.2.
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One of the advantages of mobile communication is Handover. The research data can be used to identify network problems such as weak signal level (RxLev), poor signal quality (Rx Qual), etc. which cause the handover quality at that site in certain areas to be affected as well. The purpose of this research is to determine the quality of a signal that will affect the performance of the handover frequency both intra-frequency handover and inter-frequency handover on the 4G LTE network by paying attention to the KPI Site of the relevant vendor, in this case PT.GCI Indonesia. The method used to determine the signal quality and network performance in an area, namely measuring and retrieving data with a drive test. One of the data collection techniques on the 4G network is to use the SSV (Single Site Verification) method on the drive test so that the signal quality and handover analysis are known both intra handover and inter handover using the GENEX Probe software. From the results of this study, it was found that the signal quality and handover quality of the 4G LTE network met the standardization given by the KPI, for the requirements for the success of the handover, which was 100% with the signal quality of the RSRP and SINR parameters resulting in a percentage of 73% and 91.21% according to the standards desired by the operator. and vendors using the Single Site Verification (SSV) drive test method.
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Syed, S. Rizvi Aasia Riasat and Khaled M. Elleithy. "A Quantitative Analysis of Handover Time at MAC Layer for Wireless Mobile Networks." International Journal of Wireless & Mobile Networks (IJWMN) 1, no. 2 (2009): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6119415.
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Extensive studies have been carried out for reducing the handover time of wireless mobile network at medium access control (MAC) layer. However, none of them show the impact of reduced handover time on the overall performance of wireless mobile networks. This paper presents a quantitative analysis to show the impact of reduced handover time on the performance of wireless mobile networks. The proposed quantitative model incorporates many critical performance parameters involve in reducing the handover time for wireless mobile networks. In addition, we analyze the use of active scanning technique with comparatively shorter beacon interval time in a handoff process. Our experiments verify that the active scanning can reduce the overall handover time at MAC layer if comparatively shorter beacon intervals are utilized for packet transmission. The performance measures adopted in this paper for experimental verifications are network throughput under different network loads.
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CH. Srilakshmi Prasanna. "Utilization Based Load Balancing Algorithm For Handover Reduction In 5G Networks." Journal of Electrical Systems 20, no. 11s (2024): 1379–87. https://doi.org/10.52783/jes.7450.
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The implementation of a load balancing algorithm involves distributing the load from congested small cells to less burdened ones within the network, taking into account mobility parameters. The traditional load balancing algorithms only considers the edges of the devices (UEs) when it comes to the offloading process. The proposed algorithm considers both the non-edge and edge-UEs for minimizing the load on the small cells. Subsequently, it relocates high-speed UEs to the underutilized Macrocell and slower-moving UEs to nearby small cells. The algorithm relies on categorizing UEs into fast, slow, and very slow groups to make optimal handover decisions. Simulations have demonstrated that this approach results in the fewest handovers and the highest throughput.
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K.Venkatesh, G., and P. V.Rao. "Performance analysis of a novel method for fast handovers in TDD and FDD for long term evolution." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 1.9 (2018): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i1.9.9745.
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The LTE Long Term Evolution highly developed Technology, Handover is the essential function of the mobility of user in cellular networks in Time Division Duplex as well as Frequency Division Duplex. Handover is one of the essential that can affect the [QoS] Quality of Service with Capacity of Mobile Broadband Networks. Within mobile cellular network communication systems, a (spectrum) limited shared resource needs to be shared with all the users, so full duplex communication is achieved. This paper involves studying diverse Hand over delay parameters and also focus on reducing “Hard Handover delay” by minimizing interruption time, activation time, wireless channel accesses time as well as the wireless link transmission delay. Technique is developed in order to reduce the handover delay time in Time Division Duplex network which too reduces the wireless channel access time and the wireless link transmission delay. A novel handover algorithm is developed which would decreases the handover delay time and access time inside mobile network environment.Additional work may be conceded on to obtain enhanced performance and Quality of service in Time Division Duplex mobile network.
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Benaatou, Wafa, Adnane Latif, and Vicent Pla. "Predictive Algorithm for Handover Decisions between LTE and LTE-A Networks." Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy 9, no. 4 (2021): 110–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.18080/jtde.v9n4.370.
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A heterogeneous wireless network needs to maintain seamless mobility and service continuity; for this reason, we have proposed an approach based on the combination of particle swarm optimization (PSO) and an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) to forecast a handover during a movement of a mobile terminal from a serving base station to target base station. Additionally, the handover decision is made by considering several parameters, such as peak data rate, latency, packet loss, and power consumption, to select the best network for handover from an LTE to an LTE-A network. The performance efficiency of the new hybrid approach is determined by computing different statistical parameters, such as root mean square error (RMSE), coefficient of determination (R2), mean square error (MSE), and error standard deviation (StD). The execution of the proposed approach has been performed using MATLAB software. The simulation results show that the hybrid PSO-ANFIS model has better performance than other approaches in terms of prediction accuracy and reduction of handover latency and the power consumption in the network.
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Zakaria, Eman, Amr A.Awamry, Abdelkerim Taman, and Abdelhalim Zekry. "A novel vertical handover algorithm based on Adap-tive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS)." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 1 (2018): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i1.8592.
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Nowadays, there is an increased demand on an Internet connection anywhere at any time. Therefore, one has to exploit all available heterogeneous wireless networks where the target is achieving the Always Best Connected (ABC) among the different networks like UMTS, WiMAX, and WLAN. So, vertical handover techniques are used to ensure the best connectivity anywhere at any time. In this paper, novel ANFIS-based vertical handover is presented and compared with TOPSIS algorithm and other algorithms as a representative of Multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) algorithm's family. The simulation results show that the proposed handover technique provided better performance in terms of minimizing the time delay and improving the quality of service (QOS). This is because ANFIS requires iterations only in training phase otherwise, it has a much faster response. Our simulations considered the effect of many practical parameters on handover, such as subscriber speed, jitter, initial delay, bandwidth and received signal strength (RSS).According to these parameters, output values produced, which is utilized to choose the best candidate access network.
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NYAMBATI, EMILY TERESA, and Vitalice K. Oduol. "Handover Parameter Optimisation of a Cellular Network The Kenyan Case." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 4, no. 6 (2016): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol4.iss6.551.
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Handover, also known as Handoff is a key procedure that ensures that the cellular users move freely through the network while still being connected and being offered quality services. It is an event taking place whenever a mobile node moves from one wireless cell to another, abandoning the connection with the first base station and getting attached to the second one. Since its success rate is a key indicator of user satisfaction, it is vital that this procedure happens as fast and as seamlessly as possible.
 This paper aims to optimize the handover decision process of a cellular radio network for an in-vehicle mobile station.
 This is first by determining the optimal handover parameters then developing an algorithm that determines the best time to handover using the fuzzy logic system.
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Pahal, Sudesh. "Effect of velocity on handover parameters in wireless networks." International Journal of Systems, Control and Communications 8, no. 2 (2017): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijscc.2017.083994.
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Pahal, Sudesh. "Effect of velocity on handover parameters in wireless networks." International Journal of Systems, Control and Communications 8, no. 2 (2017): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijscc.2017.10004477.
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Tashan, Waheeb, Ibraheem Shayea, Muntasir Sheikh, Hüseyin Arslan, Ayman A. El-Saleh, and Sawsan Ali Saad. "Adaptive handover control parameters over voronoi-based 5G networks." Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal 54 (June 2024): 101722. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101722.
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Toril, Matías, and Volker Wille. "Optimization of Handover Parameters for Traffic Sharing in GERAN." Wireless Personal Communications 47, no. 3 (2008): 315–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11277-008-9467-4.
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MacKenzie, Nina, Callum Cruickshank, Ewan Mahony, Jessica Parker, and Robyn Canham. "Benefits & Barriers: Improving Medical Handover in a Psychiatric Hospital." BJPsych Open 10, S1 (2024): S150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2024.391.
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AimsBackground: Handover aims to achieve the efficient communication of clinical information when responsibility for patients is transferred. The Royal Edinburgh Hospital (REH), a specialist hospital serving the Lothians, has repeatedly received “red flags” (ranked in the bottom 2% of benchmarked areas) on the handover section of the Scottish training survey (STS) and GMC national training survey of doctors in training (DiT).Aims:•Survey DiT to understand their experience of handover.•Introduce a new structured handover process.•Re-audit parameters after intervention.MethodsData from REH DiT were extracted from an anonymised handover survey, disseminated to all psychiatry DiT in Scotland in January 2023. Multiple choice and free-text questions covered handover timings, format, structure, and attendance. The survey was repeated after intervention. In addition, data from the STS were analysed. The intervention consisted of altering shift times to include protected time for handover, introducing a dedicated room, training in the use of an electronic system to record tasks, involvement of senior doctors, and dissemination of the new changes to procedure.ResultsA total of 12 survey responses (25% response rate) pre-intervention (25% FY2s, 17% GPSTs, 58% core trainees) and 14 post-intervention (14% FY2s, 14% GPSTs, 71% core trainees) were analysed. The proportion of respondents reporting that handover always happened at times of shift change increased from 7% to 93% post-intervention. The proportion of those reporting that there was protected time for handover rose from 0% to 50%, and the use of a predetermined structure/format increased from 0% to 43%. After intervention, 86% of DiT felt adequately supported during handover (compared with 17% pre-intervention) and 93% of respondents felt handover ‘allowed for the efficient and effective transfer of information to protect patient safety’ (33% pre-intervention). Prior to the process change, 83% of DiT felt there was no clear senior leadership at handover; this fell to 21%. Post-intervention the use of WhatsApp/texts to hand over information fell by 100%. The new system was welcomed by trainees, but teething problems were identified.ConclusionThe new process led to improvements in the frequency, consistency, format, recording, and senior support of handover. Issues with the use of video call software and electronic medical records systems have been identified, and work is ongoing to address these in an iterative quality improvement process. Good clinical handover benefits patients (fewer mistakes and increased safety, better continuity of care, improved satisfaction) and clinicians (improved communication skills, increased accountability, feel more informed, improved job satisfaction).
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Silva, Ketyllen Da Costa, Carlos P. Alves da Silva, Andre C. De Sousa Donza, Carlos Renato Frances, and Nandamudi L. Vijaykumar. "Analysis of handover based on the use of femtocells in LTE networks." International Research Journal of Electronics and Computer Engineering 1, no. 2 (2015): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24178/irjece.2015.1.2.21.
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One of the key elements in the networks LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the possibility of deploying multiple femtocells for the improvement of coverage and data rate. However, arbitrary overlapping coverage of these cells makes the handover mechanism complex and challenging. In this paper, simulations of deploying LTE femtocells in a scenario were evaluated. With this objective, measure impact and correlation of the use of femtocell parameters of QoS (Quality of Service) and handover. Possible limitations of this integration are discussed. Will be the integration of LTE femtocell a panacea? Despite this promising alternative estimates are fraught with uncertainty. The results show that the use of femtocell got worse on indicators of handover, impact on indicators of QoS.
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Goyal, Amit Kumar, Gaurav Agarwal, Arun Kumar Tripathi, et al. "A Comprehensive Cost Analysis of Intra-Domain Handoff with Authentication Cost in PMIPv6 for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)." Electronics 11, no. 10 (2022): 1625. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11101625.
Full textAbstract:
In metro cities, the effective and efficient management of traffic is one of the most demanding and time taking tasks. Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANET) provide unfailing, low-cost solutions for transportation systems with intelligence. VANET, a subclass of mobile ad hoc networks (MANET), allows exchange of information among vehicles and/or roadside devices. VANET can be implemented in numerous application areas such as effective traffic management, safety, and user comfort for drivers as well as passengers. It provides phenomenal growth to both in industries and research communities. Secure mobility and handoff management are the most promising and challenging research issues in VANET. In this paper, we have introduced the security in intra domain mobility handoff in PMIPv6 for VANET. Existing intra handover schemes does not include the authentication cost while evaluating the total packet delivery cost for intra domain handoff. Our proposed scheme includes the authentication cost of an intra-domain handover for evaluating the total packet delivery cost of handover for next-generation mobility management protocols, which is PMIPv6 for the vehicular network. We have considered the vital parameters such as the number of MAGs, setup cost, binding update cost, unit transmission cost for analyzing the total packet delivery cost. Furthermore, a comparative study with authentication and without authentication cost for the considered parameters shows that our proposed scheme secures the handover process with slight variation in cost.