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Journal articles on the topic 'Haploid'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 July 2025

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1

Olbrich, Teresa, Cristina Mayor-Ruiz, Maria Vega-Sendino, et al. "A p53-dependent response limits the viability of mammalian haploid cells." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 35 (2017): 9367–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1705133114.

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The recent development of haploid cell lines has facilitated forward genetic screenings in mammalian cells. These lines include near-haploid human cell lines isolated from a patient with chronic myelogenous leukemia (KBM7 and HAP1), as well as haploid embryonic stem cells derived from several organisms. In all cases, haploidy was shown to be an unstable state, so that cultures of mammalian haploid cells rapidly become enriched in diploids. Here we show that the observed diploidization is due to a proliferative disadvantage of haploid cells compared with diploid cells. Accordingly, single-cell–

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Srividya, A., Sanjeet Singh Sandal, and Puneet Walia. "Doubled Haploids in Crop Improvement: Unraveling Strategies, Advancements and Prospects for Enhanced Genetics." International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 35, no. 17 (2023): 348–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i173215.

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Doubled haploids (DH) have emerged as a powerful tool in crop improvement programs, enabling rapid generation of homozygous lines for accelerated genetic enhancement. This review explores the strategies, advancements, and prospects associated with doubled haploids in the context of crop improvement. The first section provides an overview of the principles behind doubled haploidy, including the induction methods and techniques used to obtain doubled haploid plants. Different approaches such as anther culture, microspore culture and in vitro fertilization techniques are discussed, highlighting t

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Bohanec, Borut, Marijana Jakse, and Michael J. Havey. "Genetic Analyses of Gynogenetic Haploid Production in Onion." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 128, no. 4 (2003): 571–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.128.4.0571.

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The production of doubled haploid plants is desirable as an alternative to sexual inbreeding of longer-generation crops. Onion (Allium cepa L.) is a biennial plant and amenable to the production of gynogenic haploids. Although a strong population effect has been observed for gynogenic haploid production, there is no report describing the genetic basis of greater haploid production in onion. We evaluated over years the frequency of haploid production among onion inbreds and identified lines showing significantly (P < 0.01) greater production of haploids. The onion inbreds, B0223B and B2923B,

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Bohanec, Borut, Marijana Jakse, and Michael J. Havey. "Genetic Analyses of Gynogenetic Haploid Production in Onion." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 128, no. 4 (2003): 571–74. https://doi.org/10.21273/jashs.128.4.571.

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The production of doubled haploid plants is desirable as an alternative to sexual inbreeding of longer-generation crops. Onion (Allium cepa L.) is a biennial plant and amenable to the production of gynogenic haploids. Although a strong population effect has been observed for gynogenic haploid production, there is no report describing the genetic basis of greater haploid production in onion. We evaluated over years the frequency of haploid production among onion inbreds and identified lines showing significantly (P < 0.01) greater production of haploids. The onion inbreds, B0223B and B2923B,

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Hooghvorst, Isidre, and Salvador Nogués. "Opportunities and Challenges in Doubled Haploids and Haploid Inducer-Mediated Genome-Editing Systems in Cucurbits." Agronomy 10, no. 9 (2020): 1441. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10091441.

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Doubled haploids have played a major role in cucurbit breeding for the past four decades. In situ parthenogenesis via irradiated pollen is the preferred technique to obtain haploid plantlets whose chromosomes are then doubled in Cucurbitaceae, such as melon, cucumber, pumpkin, squash and winter squash. In contrast to doubled haploid procedures in other species, in situ parthenogenesis in cucurbits presents many limiting factors which impede efficient production of haploids. In addition, it is very time-consuming and labor-intensive. However, the haploid inducer-mediated genome-editing system i

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Wang, Jian, Huijing Yan, Xiaozhen Jiao, et al. "Development of Specific Molecular and Phenotypic Marker-Based Haploid Inducers in Rice." Agronomy 13, no. 6 (2023): 1520. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13061520.

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Doubled haploid (DH) technology is an efficient strategy for producing completely homozygous lines for breeding programs. Mutations in the MATRILINEAL (MTL) phospholipase trigger intraspecific haploid induction in cereals. Although an in vivo haploid induction system based on OsMTL-edited plants has been established in rice (Oryza sativa), DH technology is still limited by other factors, such as haploid identification, which is one of the essential steps required for DH technology. In the study, we addressed this technical challenge by integrating specific molecular and phenotypic markers into

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Bessho, Kazuhiro. "Stable demographic ratios of haploid gametophyte to diploid sporophyte abundance in macroalgal populations." PLOS ONE 19, no. 3 (2024): e0295409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0295409.

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Macroalgal populations often consist of free-living haploid (gametophyte) and diploid (sporophyte) stages. Various ecological studies have been conducted to examine the demographic diversity of haploid-diploid populations with regard to the dominant stage. Here, I relaxed the assumption of classical research that the life history parameters of haploids and diploids are identical and developed a generalized haploid-diploid model that explicitly accounts for population density dependence and asexual reproduction. Analysis of this model yielded an exact solution for the abundance ratio of haploid

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Gutorova, Olga Valentinovna, Olga Ivanovna Yudakova, and Sergey Aleksandrovich Zaytsev. "The effectiveness evaluation of the haploid inducer of maize line ZMS-P." Agrarian Scientific Journal, no. 7 (July 15, 2019): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2019i7pp14-18.

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The results of the assessment of the ability to induce of haploid formation in the families (offspring of one ear) of the created haploid inducing maize line ZMS-P are given. 53 hybrids and one cultivar population were used as maternal forms, and 21 families of the ZMS-P line were used as paternal forms. The kernels with haploid embryos were selected among hybrid seeds with using the method of genetic marking. The frequency of haploids in the offspring ranged from 0 to 15.8 %. The average frequency of haploid induction in families of the ZMS-P line varied from 1,3 to 7,0 %. The average frequen

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Couto, Evellyn Giselly de Oliveira, Livia Maria Chamma Davide, Fernanda de Oliveira Bustamante, Renzo Garcia Von Pinho, and Tallyta Nayara Silva. "Identification of haploid maize by flow cytometry, morphological and molecular markers." Ciência e Agrotecnologia 37, no. 1 (2013): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-70542013000100003.

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The development of homozygous breeding lines in maize may be accelerated through the use of haploids. Thus, the obtaining and prior identification of haploids generated by the haploid inducer lines is an important factor. The purpose of this study was to identify haploids by flow cytometry and to correlate the nuclear DNA content to the morphological and morphometric traits of the seeds that gave rise to them. In addition, molecular markers were used to confirm the androgenetic nature of the haploid. The seeds obtained were derived from the cross between the inbred line W23 and the commercial

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Couto, Evellyn Giselly de Oliveira, Édila Vilela de Resende Von Pinho, Renzo Garcia Von Pinho, Adriano Delly Veiga, Fernanda de Oliveira Bustamante, and Kaio Olimpio das Graças Dias. "In vivo HAPLOID INDUCTION AND EFFICIENCY OF TWO CHROMOSOME DUPLICATION PROTOCOLS IN TROPICAL MAIZE." Ciência e Agrotecnologia 39, no. 5 (2015): 435–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-70542015000500002.

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ABSTRACTArtificial chromosome duplication is one of the most important process in the attainment of doubled haploids in maize. This study aimed to evaluate the induction ability of the inducer line KEMS in a tropical climate and test the efficiency of the R1-Navajo marker by flow cytometry to evaluate two chromosome duplication protocols and analyze the development of the doubled haploids in the field. To accomplish this goal, four genotypes (F1 and F2 generations) were crossed with the haploid inducer line KEMS. The seeds obtained were selected using the R1-Navajo marker and subject to two ch

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Nasution, Olviyani, Harry Ericson Iswandar, Kurnia Ramadhani, et al. "Recent Developments in F1 Hybrid Project." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1308, no. 1 (2024): 012007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1308/1/012007.

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Abstract London Sumatra (Lonsum) has continuously pursued the F1 hybrid project to produce the genetic and phenotypic uniformity of palms that highlight the exceptional qualities of the parents. Selection of haploid palms that have been duplicated by tissue culture techniques to become doubled haploid is an efficient method for producing highly homozygous palms. About 206 dura haploids and 47 haploid pisifera from different populations were obtained by abnormal seed and seedling screening. During this time, one of four dura-doubled haploids that produce normal flowers have proliferated. Due to

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Jasmin, Jean-Nicolas, Marcus M. Dillon, and Clifford Zeyl. "The yield of experimental yeast populations declines during selection." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 279, no. 1746 (2012): 4382–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2012.1659.

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The trade-off between growth rate and yield can limit population productivity. Here we tested for this life-history trade-off in replicate haploid and diploid populations of Saccharomyces cerevisiae propagated in glucose-limited medium in batch cultures for 5000 generations. The yield of single clones isolated from the haploid lineages, measured as both optical and population density at the end of a growth cycle, declined during selection and was negatively correlated with growth rate. Initially, diploid populations did not pay this cost of adaptation but haploidized after about 1000–3000 gene

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Daurova, Ainash, Dias Daurov, Dmitriy Volkov, et al. "Doubled haploids of interspecific hybrids between Brassica napus and Brassica rapa for canola production with valuable breeding traits." OCL 27 (2020): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2020041.

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Doubled haploids (DH) were obtained from two interspecific hybrids between Brassica napus and Brassica rapa. Seeds of doubled haploid plants differed in colour and size. The hybridity of the obtained doubled haploid is shown using genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) analysis. Evaluation of drought tolerance during seed germination on PEG-6000 showed the advantage of doubled haploid plants of interspecific hybrids over the parent cultivars. The oil from seeds of doubled haploid plants showed good nutritional value.

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14

Ravindra B. Malabadi, Kiran P. Kolkar, Raju K. Chalannavar, and Antonia Neidilê Ribeiro Munhoz. "In vitro Anther culture and Production of Haploids in Cannabis sativa." Open Access Research Journal of Science and Technology 13, no. 1 (2025): 001–20. https://doi.org/10.53022/oarjst.2025.13.1.0150.

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Cannabis sativa has been used for thousands of years for recreational, medicinal, or religious purposes. Another culture technique is the most viable and efficient method of producing homozygous doubled haploid plants within a short period. The most widely extended approaches to obtain doubled haploids (DHs) have traditionally been based on the use of haploid cells of male or female origin to induce their development as haploid embryos by the application of different stresses under in vitro conditions. They are the so-called in vitro approaches. Thus, the long process of conventional breeding

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15

Rádi, F., K. Török, M. Nagymihály, A. Kereszt, and D. Dudits. "Improved reliability in production of maize inbred lines by the combination of the R1-navajo marker with flow cytometry or microsatellite genotyping." Cereal Research Communications 48, no. 4 (2020): 423–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42976-020-00054-9.

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AbstractDoubled haploid (DH) technology is an essential component in producing inbred lines for a competitive maize (Zea mays L.) breeding program. The R1-navajo (R1-nj) gene provides phenotypic marker that insures only variable reliability for seed selection of haploid embryos. Therefore, in the present study we outline a complex protocol for early stage genome size determination that integrates the phenotypic screening with the flow cytometry of nuclei from root tips and with the use of DNA isolated from seedlings for molecular marker-based genotyping. In a representative experiment with thr

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Chen, Chen, Zijian Xiao, Junwen Zhang, et al. "Development of In Vivo Haploid Inducer Lines for Screening Haploid Immature Embryos in Maize." Plants 9, no. 6 (2020): 739. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9060739.

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Doubled haploid technology is widely applied in maize. The haploid inducer lines play critical roles in doubled haploid breeding. We report the development of specialized haploid inducer lines that enhance the purple pigmentation of crossing immature embryos. During the development of haploid inducer lines, two breeding populations derived from the CAU3/S23 and CAU5/S23 were used. Molecular marker-assisted selection for both qhir1 and qhir8 was used from BC1F1 to BC1F4. Evaluation of the candidate individuals in each generation was carried out by pollinating to the tester of ZD958. Individuals

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Chaikam, Vijay, Willem Molenaar, Albrecht E. Melchinger, and Prasanna M. Boddupalli. "Doubled haploid technology for line development in maize: technical advances and prospects." Theoretical and Applied Genetics 132, no. 12 (2019): 3227–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00122-019-03433-x.

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Key Message Increased efficiencies achieved in different steps of DH line production offer greater benefits to maize breeding programs. Abstract Doubled haploid (DH) technology has become an integral part of many commercial maize breeding programs as DH lines offer several economic, logistic and genetic benefits over conventional inbred lines. Further, new advances in DH technology continue to improve the efficiency of DH line development and fuel its increased adoption in breeding programs worldwide. The established method for maize DH production covered in this review involves in vivo induct

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Khokhar, Muhammad Ilyas, Abdul Razaq, Junaid Iqbal, Muhammad Jamshaid Anwar, Muhammad Zaffar Iqbal, and Sajid Ur Rehman. "Choice of Maize Genotype Affects Wheat Haploid Seed and Success of Embryo Rescue." RADS Journal of Biological Research & Applied Sciences 10, no. 1 (2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.37962/jbas.v10i1.186.

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In wheat (Triticum aestivum) breeding, the use of double haploids plays a vital role by reducing the length of the breeding cycle. The first step in the production of a wheat double haploid is to create a haploid, which in wheat can be achieved via wheat × maize cross, and resulting haploid plants are recovered by embryo rescue. In this study, a wheat segregating population (F2) was emasculated and pollinated with pollen from four maize varieties (Sadaf, Malka-2016, Pearl and MMRI yellow). Maize genotype affected the outcome of haploid seed production (Sadaf = 28.58%; Pearl = 28.33%; Malka-201

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Mazur, Maja, Sonja Vila, Ivan Brkić, Antun Jambrović, and Domagoj Šimić. "The development of homozygous maize lines using an in vivo haploid induction in the Croatian germplasm." Poljoprivreda 25, no. 1 (2019): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.18047/poljo.25.1.3.

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The in vivo haploid induction has been widely applied to the maize breeding in recent decades, but it has not been used in the breeding programs in the Republic of Croatia by now. This study's objectives were to examine the haploid induction rates in the Croatian germplasm and to evaluate the properties of the D0 haploids, which are essential for a successful implementation of this method in breeding. The in vivo haploid induction was performed on 11 single-cross hybrids using the Zarodyshevy Marker Krasnodarsky (ZMK) inducer, and colchicine was used as a chromosome doubling agent. Emergence,

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Clergeot, Pierre-Henri, Nicolas O. Rode, Sylvain Glémin, Mikael Brandström Durling, Katarina Ihrmark, and Åke Olson. "Estimating the Fitness Effect of Deleterious Mutations During the Two Phases of the Life Cycle: A New Method Applied to the Root-Rot Fungus Heterobasidion parviporum." Genetics 211, no. 3 (2018): 963–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/genetics.118.301855.

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Many eukaryote species, including taxa such as fungi or algae, have a lifecycle with substantial haploid and diploid phases. A recent theoretical model predicts that such haploid-diploid lifecycles are stable over long evolutionary time scales when segregating deleterious mutations have stronger effects in homozygous diploids than in haploids and when they are partially recessive in heterozygous diploids. The model predicts that effective dominance—a measure that accounts for these two effects—should be close to 0.5 in these species. It also predicts that diploids should have higher fitness th

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Yahata, Masaki, Seiichi Harusaki, Haruki Komatsu, et al. "Morphological Characterization and Molecular Verification of a Fertile Haploid Pummelo (Citrus grandis Osbeck)." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 130, no. 1 (2005): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.130.1.34.

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The morphological characteristics and reproductive potential of a haploid plant obtained from the cross between `Banpeiyu' pummelo (Citrus grandis) and `Ruby Red' grapefruit (C. paradisi Macf.) were investigated. The haploid was confirmed to be derived from female gamete of `Banpeiyu' pummelo by isozyme and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that the haploidy was maintained in several tissues and organs of this plant. It also had the typical morphology of a haploid, such as small leaves and flowers, and had slightly fertile pollen grains. Further

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Zargar, Meisam, Tatiana Zavarykina, Sergey Voronov, Irina Pronina, and Maryam Bayat. "The Recent Development in Technologies for Attaining Doubled Haploid Plants In Vivo." Agriculture 12, no. 10 (2022): 1595. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12101595.

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Haploid plants with a doubled set of chromosomes (doubled haploid (DH)) significantly speed up the selection process by the fixation of genetic traits in each locus in the homozygous state within one generation. Doubled haploids are mainly attained by the formation of plants from the cultured gametophytic (haploid) tissues and cells in vitro, or by targeted reduction in the parent chromosome during intra- or interspecific hybridization. Since then, DH has become one of the most powerful tools to support various basic research studies, as well as applied research. This review is focused on the

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Okada, Hatsuhiko, Yoshitaka Ohashi, Mamoru Sato, et al. "Characterization of Fertile Homozygous Genotypes from Anther Culture in Apple." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 134, no. 6 (2009): 641–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.134.6.641.

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Doubled haploids can improve the efficiency of breeding and genetic study in apple (Malus ×domestica Borkh.). Seventeen homozygous genotypes were obtained by in vitro anther culture from ‘Senshu’ apple. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that the ploidy level of the anther-derived plantlets was diploid. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) analysis determined the origin and homozygous status of the anther-derived plantlets. The results of S-RNase polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-digestion analysis reinforced the homozygous state. The morphological characteristics and reproductive potential of the doubled

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Kučera, V., M. Vyvadilová, and M. Klíma. "Utilisation of doubled haploids in winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) breeding." Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 38, No. 1 (2012): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/6110-cjgpb.

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A survey of development and prospects of the utilisation of doubled haploid techniques in rapeseed breeding in the world and in the Czech Republic is presented. The first utilisation of spontaneously occurred haploids from&nbsp;Brassica napus inbreeding programmes is described. The development of techniques of anther and later microspore culture is outlined. Special emphasis is given to the practical use of doubled haploids for the improvement of the effectiveness of breeding new productive cultivars. Some partial results of evaluation of yield parameters and resistance to important diseas

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Chen, F. Q., and P. M. Hayes. "The genetic basis of seed set in barley genotypes varying in compatibility with Hordeum bulbosum." Genome 35, no. 5 (1992): 799–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g92-122.

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Low seed set, owing to partial incompatibility, can limit sexual gene transfer and haploid production efficiency in wide crosses. The inheritance of partial incompatibility in barley Hordeum vulgare L. × H. bulbosum L. crosses and its effect on gamete sampling in doubled haploid production were studied by doubled haploid progeny analysis. The dominant, monogenic control of partial incompatibility in 'Vada' was confirmed. Partial incompatibility in 'Harrington' is also monogenic but appears to be controlled by a different gene. An association between the Inc gene and a deficiency in a stigma–st

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Otto, Sarah P., Michael F. Scott, and Simone Immler. "Evolution of haploid selection in predominantly diploid organisms." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 52 (2015): 15952–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1512004112.

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Diploid organisms manipulate the extent to which their haploid gametes experience selection. Animals typically produce sperm with a diploid complement of most proteins and RNA, limiting selection on the haploid genotype. Plants, however, exhibit extensive expression in pollen, with actively transcribed haploid genomes. Here we analyze models that track the evolution of genes that modify the strength of haploid selection to predict when evolution intensifies and when it dampens the “selective arena” within which male gametes compete for fertilization. Considering deleterious mutations, evolutio

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Anderson, J. B., D. M. Petsche, and A. L. Franklin. "Nuclear DNA content of benomyl-induced segregants of diploid strains of the phytopathogenic fungus Armillaria mellea." Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology 27, no. 1 (1985): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g85-009.

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The relative nuclear DNA contents of haploid, diploid, and benomyl-induced segregants of diploid strains of the phytopathogenic fungus Armillaria mellea were measured by mithramycin staining and fluorescence photometry. The diploid strains, originally recovered from sexually compatible matings of haploid strains, were heterozygous at mating-type and auxotrophic marker loci. The somatic segregants examined here were derived by treatment of the diploid strains with the fungicide benomyl in previous studies. As expected, the diploid strains had approximately twice as much nuclear DNA as the haplo

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Keleş, Davut, Hasan Pınar, Atilla Ata, Hatıra Taşkın, Serhat Yıldız, and Saadet Büyükalaca. "Effect of Pepper Types on Obtaining Spontaneous Doubled Haploid Plants via Anther Culture." HortScience 50, no. 11 (2015): 1671–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.50.11.1671.

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The most successful technique used to obtain haploid plant in pepper is anther culture. The chromosome content of haploid plants can be doubled spontaneously or using colchicine. In this study, we compared the rate of spontaneous doubled haploidy of different pepper types. Seven charleston, six bell, eight capia, and seven green pepper genotypes were used as plant material. Murashige and Skoog (MS) nutrient medium with 4 mg·L−1 naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 0.5 mg·L−1 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), 0.25% activated charcoal, 30 g·L−1 sucrose, and 15 mg·L−1 silver nitrate (AgNO3) was used. Ploidy le

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El-Mahrouk, Mohammed Elsayed, Mossad K. Maamoun, Antar Nasr EL-Banna, Soliman A. Omran, Yaser Hassan Dewir, and Salah El-Hendawy. "In Vitro Gynogenesis and Flow Cytometry Analysis of the Regenerated Haploids of Black Cumin (Nigella sativa)." HortScience 53, no. 5 (2018): 681–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci12877-18.

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In vitro ovule culture could be used to generate homozygous lines through the production of haploid plants. The present study reports on in vitro regeneration and production of haploid plants through ovule cultures and identification of the regenerated haploids using flow cytometry. The ovules were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations of 6-benzyladenine (BA), kinetin (Kin), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) at 0, 0.5, 1, and 2 mg·L−1 for their gynogenesis. Among different plant growth regulators (PGRs) te

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Ahn, Woo Seok, Yun Chan Huh, Cheong A. Kim, et al. "Development of Haploid Plants by Shed-Microspore Culture in Platycodon grandiflorum (Jacq.) A. DC." Plants 13, no. 20 (2024): 2845. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants13202845.

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Anther and microspore cultures are efficient methods for inducing haploids in plants. The microspore culture by chromosome-doubling method can produce double haploid lines, developing pure lines within the first or second generations. This study aimed to induce haploid plants in Platycodon grandiflorum using the shed-microspore culture method. P. grandiflorum floral buds (n = 1503) were cultured in six types of medium to induce haploids. Anthers were placed on a solid–liquid double-layer medium and cold pre-treated at 9 °C for one week, followed by incubation in the dark at 25 °C. Embryogenesi

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Shergina, A. A., and A. B. Kurina. "Androgenesis and gynogenesis in tomato (<I>Solanum lycopersicum</I> L.) <I>in vitro</I>." Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding 185, no. 1 (2024): 224–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.30901/2227-8834-2024-1-224-232.

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Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most consumed vegetable crops worldwide. Tomato fruits are rich in vitamins, minerals, and pigments, including lycopene. The high demand and the need to enhance tomato production call for new improved cultivars and F1 hybrids.Biotechnological methods reduce the time for source material development and the labor intensity of breeding efforts. Obtaining doubled haploid plants makes it possible to fix and analyze new gene combinations faster than with conventional breeding techniques, and produce homozygous genotypes. Tomato is highly unsusceptible t

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Lopez, Luis Antonio, John Ochieng, Mario Pacheco, et al. "Effectiveness of R1-nj Anthocyanin Marker in the Identification of In Vivo Induced Maize Haploid Embryos." Plants 12, no. 12 (2023): 2314. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12122314.

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Doubled haploid (DH) technology has become integral to maize breeding programs to expedite inbred line development and increase the efficiency of breeding operations. Unlike many other plant species that use in vitro methods, DH production in maize uses a relatively simple and efficient in vivo haploid induction method. However, it takes two complete crop cycles for DH line generation, one for haploid induction and the other one for chromosome doubling and seed production. Rescuing in vivo induced haploid embryos has the potential to reduce the time for DH line development and improve the effi

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Hu, Yaping, Petr Šmarda, Ganping Liu, Beibei Wang, Xiaoge Gao, and Qirong Guo. "High-Depth Transcriptome Reveals Differences in Natural Haploid Ginkgo biloba L. Due to the Effect of Reduced Gene Dosage." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 16 (2022): 8958. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23168958.

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As a representative of gymnosperms, the discovery of natural haploids of Ginkgo biloba L. has opened a new door for its research. Haploid germplasm has always been a research material of interest to researchers because of its special characteristics. However, we do not yet know the special features and mechanisms of haploid ginkgo following this significant discovery. In this study, we conducted a homogenous garden experiment on haploid and diploid ginkgo to explore the differences in growth, physiology and biochemistry between the two. Additionally, a high-depth transcriptome database of both

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Edwards, Matthew M., Michael V. Zuccaro, Ido Sagi, et al. "Delayed DNA replication in haploid human embryonic stem cells." Genome Research 31, no. 12 (2021): 2155–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gr.275953.121.

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Haploid human embryonic stem cells (ESCs) provide a powerful genetic system but diploidize at high rates. We hypothesized that diploidization results from aberrant DNA replication. To test this, we profiled DNA replication timing in isogenic haploid and diploid ESCs. The greatest difference was the earlier replication of the X Chromosome in haploids, consistent with the lack of X-Chromosome inactivation. We also identified 21 autosomal regions that had delayed replication in haploids, extending beyond the normal S phase and into G2/M. Haploid-delays comprised a unique set of quiescent genomic

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Vanous, Kimberly, Thomas Lübberstedt, Rania Ibrahim, and Ursula K. Frei. "MYO, a Candidate Gene for Haploid Induction in Maize Causes Male Sterility." Plants 9, no. 6 (2020): 773. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9060773.

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Doubled haploid technology is highly successful in maize breeding programs and is contingent on the ability of maize inducers to efficiently produce haploids. Knowledge of the genes involved in haploid induction is important for not only developing better maize inducers, but also to create inducers in other crops. The main quantitative trait loci involved in maize haploid induction are qhir1 and qhir8. The gene underlying qhir1 has been discovered and validated by independent research groups. Prior to initiation of this study, the gene associated with qhir8 had yet to be recognized. Therefore,

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Jakše, Marijana, Pablo Hirschegger, Borut Bohanec, and Michael J. Havey. "Evaluation of Gynogenic Responsiveness and Pollen Viability of Selfed Doubled Haploid Onion Lines and Chromosome Doubling via Somatic Regeneration." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 135, no. 1 (2010): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.135.1.67.

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Although haploid induction has been used in onions (Allium cepa L.) for over 20 years, several obstacles limit its use in plant breeding programs. To address these limitations, we evaluated the responsiveness of doubled haploid (DH) lines and their selfed progenies, an alternative protocol for chromosome doubling using somatic regeneration of haploid lines, and pollen viability of DH lines. Twenty-one DH lines were self pollinated and tested for haploid induction in the second generation. Among the DH lines, 18 lines showed an average of 20% decrease in gynogenic responsiveness compared with t

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Meena, Rakesh Kumar. "A Review on Haploid and Double Haploids in Ornamental Plants." Current Research in Agriculture and Farming 2, no. 3 (2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2582-7146.138.

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Sporophyte plants with many gametophytic chromosomes are called haploid plants. These plants can be produced naturally or through in vitro or in vivo induction techniques. Double haploid (DH) can be obtained by doubling the number of haploid chromosomes spontaneously or artificially. They are homozygous, and this homozygosity will be realized in the life cycle of a generation using the DH production system. This production system is used to correct heterosis. Easy to interact with the DH population. DH can be used as parental inbreds of new varieties or self-pollinated plants or cross-pollinat

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Camadro, E. L., R. W. Masuelli, and M. C. Cortés. "Haploids of the wild tetraploid potato Solanum acaule ssp. acaule: generation, meiotic behavior, and electrophoretic pattern for the aspartate aminotransferase system." Genome 35, no. 3 (1992): 431–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g92-064.

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Solanum acaule Bitt. (acl) is a wild tetraploid potato, with bivalent pairing in meiosis. This species has been regarded as a segmental allotetraploid by cytological genome analysis, and one of its subspecies, acaule, as a fixed heterozygote for one of the two loci that codify the dimeric enzyme aspartate aminotransferase (AAT). Since haploid plants of acl could constitute unique tools to prove these previous views, controlled crosses between acl and a haploid inducer were carried out to try to obtain gynogenetic haploids. Two haploid plants (2n = 2x = 24) were identified among the progenies d

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Souza, Leticia de Freitas de, Juliana Moraes Machado de Oliveira, Vitor Joaquim de Lucena, et al. "Chromosome doubling by colchicine injection and haploidy induction in tropical genotypes of common and supersweet corn." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 46, no. 2 (2025): 517–32. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2025v46n2p517.

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The double-haploid technology in maize was developed in temperate environments, using germplasm and inducers adapted for these environments, with the aim of accelerating the obtaining of homozygous inbred lines. Therefore, to advance this technology in tropical environments, research involving germplasm and inducers adapted for this environment is necessary. The objectives were to determine the haploidy induction rate in tropical common and supersweet corn populations, employing a tropicalized gymnogenetic inducer population, and to identify the effectiveness of chromosome doubling by colchici

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Chaikam, Vijay, Manje Gowda, Leocadio Martinez, John Ochieng, Hamilton Amoshe Omar, and B. M. Prasanna. "Improving the Efficiency of Colchicine-Based Chromosomal Doubling of Maize Haploids." Plants 9, no. 4 (2020): 459. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9040459.

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Production and use of doubled haploids (DH) is becoming an essential part of maize breeding programs worldwide as DH lines offer several advantages in line development and evaluation. One of the critical steps in maize DH line production is doubling the chromosomes of in vivo-derived haploids so that naturally sterile haploids become reproductively fertile diploids (DH) to produce seed. This step of artificially doubling the chromosomes is labor-intensive and costly; hence, optimizing protocols to improve the doubling success is critical for achieving efficiencies in the DH production pipeline

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Mayakaduwa, Ruwani, and Tara Silva. "Haploid Induction in Indica Rice: Exploring New Opportunities." Plants 12, no. 17 (2023): 3118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12173118.

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Haploid plants are of significant interest to crop breeders due to their ability to expedite the development of inbred lines. Chromosome-doubling of haploids, produced by either in vitro or in vivo methods, results in fully homozygous doubled haploids. For nearly five decades, in vitro methods of anther and microspore culture have been attempted in many crops. In rice, in vitro methods are used with some success in japonica cultivars, although indica types have remained recalcitrant to a large extent. This review aims to explore the reasons for the lack of success of in vitro methods in indica

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Slama-Ayed, Olfa, Imen Bouhaouel, Sourour Ayed, Jacques De Buyser, Emmanuel Picard, and Hajer Slim Amara. "Efficiency of three haplomethods in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum Desf.): isolated microspore culture, gynogenesis and wheat × maize crosses." Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 55, No. 3 (2019): 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/188/2017-cjgpb.

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This study presents the first report comparing the efficiency of microspore culture, gynogenesis and durum wheat × maize crosses for haploid plant production from three durum wheat genotypes (Razzek, Karim and Jneh Khotifa). The results showed that the best induction, calli or embryos formation and plant regeneration rates for the three genotypes were obtained with gynogenesis (47.2, 7.6, 0.8%), followed by interspecific crosses (33.1, 1.7, 0.4%) and isolated microspore culture (8.2, 0.05, 0.01%). Interestingly, all plants regenerated by gynogenesis and durum wheat × maize crosses were green w

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Schön, C. C., P. M. Hayes, T. K. Blake, and S. J. Knapp. "Gametophytic selection in a winter × spring barley cross." Genome 34, no. 6 (1991): 918–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g91-141.

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Segregation distortion and the consequences of gametophytic selection were assessed in a winter × spring barley cross by comparing segregation of enzyme, storage protein, DNA, and morphological markers in three populations derived from the same cross: a control F2 (F2C), a doubled-haploid (DH) population, and an F2 derived from F1 plants self-pollinated at 10 °C (F2T). Segregation distortion was present in the F2T and the doubled-haploid population. Based on a comparison of the F2C and the F2T, gametophytic selection as a consequence of self-pollination at 10 °C was operative on chromosome 7 i

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Singh, S., G. S. Sethi, and H. K. Chaudhary. "Relative efficiency of androgenesis and maize-mediated production frequencies of polyhaploids in winter × spring wheat and triticale × wheat hybrids." Acta Agronomica Hungarica 52, no. 2 (2004): 205–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/aagr.52.2004.2.12.

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Comparisons between androgenesis and maize-mediated haploid production efficiencies were made in six F1 genotypes each of winter × spring wheat and triticale × wheat crosses. The haploid status of the plantlets obtained was confirmed through cytological examination of the root tips. Much higher embryo formation (15.2%), haploid induction (8.7%) and doubled haploid production (8.3%) were obtained in the winter × spring wheat F1s through the wheat × maize system than by androgenesis (3.1%, 3.2 and 2.7%, respectively). Three of the triticale × wheat F1 genotypes failed to respond to androgenesis,

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Laurie, D. A., and M. D. Bennett. "Wheat × maize hybridization." Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology 28, no. 2 (1986): 313–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g86-046.

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Cytogenetic evidence is presented that the cross between hexaploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum, 2n = 42) and maize (Zea mays, 2n = 20) results in a hybrid zygote with one complete haploid chromosome set from each parent. Maize chromosomes are subsequently eliminated. This sytem has potential for wheat haploid production and may also allow segments of maize DNA, including transposable elements, to be transferred to wheat.Key words: wide crosses, wheat, maize, chromosome elimination, haploids.

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Dermail, Abil, Thomas Lübberstedt, Willy Bayuardi Suwarno, et al. "Compatibility and Stability Analysis of Haploid Inducers under Different Source Germplasm and Seasons in Maize Using GGE Biplot." Agronomy 14, no. 7 (2024): 1505. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14071505.

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Multiple factors can affect the R1-nj purple kernel expression and seed set, reducing its efficiency in identifying haploids in maize. The complex interaction among the haploid inducer (HI), source germplasm (SG), and season (S) is inevitable in in vivo maize haploid induction but could be used through compatibility and stability tests. We tested five HI genotypes on 25 distinct source germplasm in two different seasons of tropical savanna in Thailand. The dry season was more suitable than the rainy season for haploid induction. We noticed varying degrees of R1-nj inhibition among the 25 tropi

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Hu, Haixiao, Yujie Meng, Wenxin Liu, Shaojiang Chen, and Daniel E. Runcie. "Multi-Trait Genomic Prediction Improves Accuracy of Selection among Doubled Haploid Lines in Maize." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 23 (2022): 14558. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232314558.

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Recent advances in maize doubled haploid (DH) technology have enabled the development of large numbers of DH lines quickly and efficiently. However, testing all possible hybrid crosses among DH lines is a challenge. Phenotyping haploid progenitors created during the DH process could accelerate the selection of DH lines. Based on phenotypic and genotypic data of a DH population and its corresponding haploids, we compared phenotypes and estimated genetic correlations between the two populations, compared genomic prediction accuracy of multi-trait models against conventional univariate models wit

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Thomas, Regi J., Maya Lekshmi, M. Shareefa, J. S. Sreelekshmi, and Abe Jacob. "Cytological confirmation of ploidy level in a rare twin haploid of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.)." Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding (The) 84, no. 04 (2024): 731–34. https://doi.org/10.31742/isgpb.84.4.25.

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A rare occurrence of a haploid coconut from a twin seedling was observed in a natural population. The haploid nature of the seedling was confirmed using cytology and ploidy analysis. Amplification of tall-specific SCAR marker in the diploid seedling suggested a possible natural cross by pollen from a WCT palm. The haploids identified in the nursery may be a possible route for generating a pure line of coconut that can be used in future breeding programs.

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Wijnen, Cris L., Frank F. M. Becker, Andries A. Okkersen, et al. "Genetic Mapping of Genotype-by-Ploidy Effects in Arabidopsis thaliana." Genes 14, no. 6 (2023): 1161. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes14061161.

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Plants can express different phenotypic responses following polyploidization, but ploidy-dependent phenotypic variation has so far not been assigned to specific genetic factors. To map such effects, segregating populations at different ploidy levels are required. The availability of an efficient haploid inducer line in Arabidopsis thaliana allows for the rapid development of large populations of segregating haploid offspring. Because Arabidopsis haploids can be self-fertilised to give rise to homozygous doubled haploids, the same genotypes can be phenotyped at both the haploid and diploid ploi

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Corley-Smith, Graham E., Chinten James Lim, and Bruce P. Brandhorst. "Production of Androgenetic Zebrafish (Danio rerio)." Genetics 142, no. 4 (1996): 1265–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/142.4.1265.

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Abstract To help investigate the evolutionary origin of the imprinting (parent-of-origin mono-allelic expression) of paternal genes observed in mammals, we constructed haploid and diploid androgenetic zebrafish (Danio rerio). Haploid androgenotes were produced by fertilizing eggs that had been X-ray irradiated to eliminate the maternal genome. Subsequent inhibition of the first mitotic division of haploid androgenotes by heat shock produced diploid androgenotes. The lack of inheritance of maternal-specific DNA markers (RAPD and SSR) by putative diploid and haploid androgenotes confirmed the an

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