Relevant bibliographies by topics / Harappan Civilization

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Harappan Civilization'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Harappan Civilization"

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Kumar, Suneel, Muhammad Ali, and Pasand Ali Khoso. "Emergence and Decline of the Indus Valley Civilization in Pakistan." Global Sociological Review V, no. II (June 30, 2020): 9–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gsr.2020(v-ii).02.

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Indus Valley Civilization is one of the oldest civilizations in the world dating back to 7000BCE. The explored sites of the civilization span present day Pakistan and India. The following paper explore the Indus Valley Civilization through the sites in Pakistan. The paper highlights feature of various stages of the Indus Valley, for example, Early Food Producing Era (7000-4000 BCE), Regionalization Era – Early Harappan Era (4000-2600 BCE), Integration Era (Early Harappan Phase) (2600 – 1900), Localization Era (Late Harappan Phase) (1900 – 1300), and Indus Valley from 1300 BCE to Present. In doing so, the paper discusses the geography, environment, material culture, subsistence patterns, political and social organization of each era. Finally, it explores the various theories of decline of Indus Valley Civilization, drawing on various sources. In the conclusion, the paper provides recommendations for future focus on the archaeological sites in Pakistan enhance our understanding of the civilizations.
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Leemans, W. F., and Gregory L. Possehl. "Harappan Civilization. A Contemporary Perspective." Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 30, no. 1 (1987): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3632031.

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Fairservis, Walter, Paul C. Rissman, and Y. M. Chitalwala. "Harappan Civilization and Oriyo Timbo." Journal of the American Oriental Society 113, no. 1 (January 1993): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/604246.

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Miller, Daniel. "Ideology and the Harappan civilization." Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 4, no. 1 (March 1985): 34–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0278-4165(85)90013-3.

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Giosan, L., P. D. Clift, M. G. Macklin, D. Q. Fuller, S. Constantinescu, J. A. Durcan, T. Stevens, et al. "Fluvial landscapes of the Harappan civilization." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 109, no. 26 (May 29, 2012): E1688—E1694. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1112743109.

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KUSHWAHA, DILIP KUMAR, and DALJEET SINGH. "Release To Reorganization: A Case Study Of Indo-Gangetic Plain During 1700 Bc To 1200 Bc." History Research Journal 5, no. 4 (August 22, 2019): 134–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.26643/hrj.v5i4.7139.

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An important debate in Indian archaeology revolves around the questions such as what happened after the collapse of ‘Harappan Civilization' or where those people went, when did the classic Harappan traits from the pottery, bead, seal and town planning disappear. Archaeologists gave different explanations and answers to these questions. For a long archaeologist, have made various attempts to find a possible explanation for the problem such as Aryan invasion, flood, climate change, economic and administrative disintegration. J.P. Joshi put another theoretical answer of interlocking phase between late Harappa and Painted Grey Ware culture forward after the excavation of sites like Bhagwanpura, Dadheri, Katplalon, and Nagar. Preceded by small interlocking phase traits of late Harappan culture disappeared from these sites.
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Mukherjee, Sankar Prasad, Partha Karmakar, and Debashish Deb. "Study on History of Mathematics in Harappan Civilization." Journal of Statistics and Mathematical Engineering 06, no. 02 (May 28, 2020): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.46610/josme.2020.v06i02.002.

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Pandey, Preeti. "BEST EXAMPLE OF POLLUTION FREE CITY PLANNING: HARAPPAN CIVILIZATION." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 3, no. 9SE (September 30, 2015): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v3.i9se.2015.3283.

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At present the whole world suffers from environmental problems. These problems appear everywhere in the form of pollution. Pollution, which has a harmful effect on the physical, chemical and biological properties of our environment or biosphere, is called pollution. For a few decades, the natural climate has seen astonishing changes like flooding has started where there was a drought. High rainfall areas are becoming drought-prone. Pollution is the increase in the temperature of the earth, disintegration in the quality of water bodies due to acid rain and imbalance in the natural air structure. Various types of pollution stand before us due to unnecessary experiments with natural sources. It is the duty of mankind to find and eliminate the factors of pollution. Various efforts are being made to resolve these problems. Scientists, environmental thinkers, government and non-government are all trying to see how a civilization of history can be seen as a means to solve this problem. How the people of that civilization were aware of pollution and what measures were being taken in their city planning to deal with air and water pollution. It is worth watching. The name of the civilization is the Indus-Saraswat civilization, often known as the Harappan civilization. In the northwestern part of India, this very developing civilization emerged on the banks of the Indus and Saraswati rivers. It was the first urban civilization of India which was of a higher quality than the European metropolises of the present day. Archaeologist John Marshall says that nothing can match the grand baths and open houses of the inhabitants of Mohenjodaro, neither in archaeological Egypt, nor in Mesopotamia, nor in any other country in West Asia. In those countries, most of the attention and resources were spent on building temples and royalty and mausoleums, while the common man had to be satisfied with only a few rough houses. The Indus Valley Civilization has a contrasting view. The most important constructions here were those built for the convenience of the townspeople, such as collective and private baths, the excellent drainage system found at Mohenjodaro which is the first of its kind as far as possible. वर्तमान में पर्यावरणीय समस्याओं से सम्पूर्ण विश्व ग्रस्त है। ये समस्यायें प्रदूषण के रूप में सर्वत्र दिखाई देती हैं। हमारे पर्यावरण अथवा जीवमण्डल के भौतिक, रासायनिक एवं जैविक गुणों के ऊपर जो हानिकारक प्रभाव पड़ता है, प्रदूषण कहलाता है। कुछ दशकों से प्राकृतिक जलवायु में विस्मयकारी परिवर्तन होने लगे हैं जैसे जहाँ सूखा होता था वहाँ बाढ़ आने लगी है। अतिवृष्टि वाले क्षेत्र सूखाग्रस्त होने लगे हैं। धरती के तापमान में वृद्धि, अम्लीय वर्षा के फलस्वरूप जलस्रोतों की गुणवत्ता में विघटन तथा प्राकृतिक वायु संरचना में असंतुलन ही प्रदूषण है। प्राकृतिक स्रोतों के साथ अनावश्यक प्रयोगों के कारण विभिन्न प्रकार के प्रदूषण हमारे सम्मुख खड़े हैं। प्रदूषण के कारकों को ढूँढ़कर इन्हें समाप्त करना ही मानव जाति का कत्र्तव्य है। इन समस्याओं के निवारण हेतु विभिन्न प्रयास किये जा रहे हैं। वैज्ञानिक, पर्यावरण चिंतक, सरकारी एवं गैर-सरकारी सभी यह प्रयास कर रहे हैं कि किस प्रकार इस समस्या के समाधान के रूप में इतिहास की एक सभ्यता को साधन के रूप में देखा जा सकता है। किस प्रकार उस सभ्यता के लोग प्रदूषण के प्रति जागरूक थे और वायु तथा जल प्रदूषण से निपटने के लिये अपने नगर नियोजन में क्या-क्या उपाय कर रहे थे। यह देखने योग्य है। सभ्यता का नाम है सिन्धु-सारस्वत सभ्यता जिसे प्रायः हड़प्पा सभ्यता के नाम से जानते हैं। भारत के पश्चिमोत्तर भाग में सिन्धु एवं सरस्वती नदी के तट पर इस अत्यन्त विकासशील सभ्यता का उदय हुआ। यह भारत की प्रथम नगरीय सभ्यता थी जो कि वर्तमान समय के यूरोपीय महानगरों से भी अधिक उच्च कोटि की थी। पुरातत्त्ववेत्ता जाॅन मार्शल का कहना है कि न तो पुराऐतिहासिक मिस्त्र में, न मेसोपोटामिया में और न पश्चिम एशिया के किसी अन्य देश में ही कुछ भी मोहनजोदड़ो के निवासियों के भव्य स्नानागारों और खुले-खुले घरों की बराबरी नहीं कर सकता है। उन देशों में अधिकतर ध्यान और साधन देवमंदिरों और राजप्रसादों तथा समाधियों के निर्माण पर व्यय किया जाता था जबकि सामान्य जन को मामूली कच्चे घरों से ही संतोष कर लेना पड़ता था। सिंधु घाटी सभ्यता में इसके विपरीत दृश्य है। यहाँ सबसे महत्त्वपूर्ण निर्माण थे वे जो नगरवासियों के सुविधार्थ बनाये गये थे, जैसे सामूहिक और निजी स्नानागार, मोहनजोदड़ों में प्राप्त उत्कृष्ट जलनिकास प्रणाली जो जहाँ तक है अपने प्रकार की पहली हैं।
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Singh, Pushpendra Kumar, Pankaj Dey, Sharad Kumar Jain, and Pradeep P. Mujumdar. "Hydrology and water resources management in ancient India." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 24, no. 10 (October 5, 2020): 4691–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-4691-2020.

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Abstract. Hydrologic knowledge in India has a historical footprint extending over several millenniums through the Harappan civilization (∼3000–1500 BCE) and the Vedic Period (∼1500–500 BCE). As in other ancient civilizations across the world, the need to manage water propelled the growth of hydrologic science in ancient India. Most of the ancient hydrologic knowledge, however, has remained hidden and unfamiliar to the world at large until the recent times. In this paper, we provide some fascinating glimpses into the hydrological, hydraulic, and related engineering knowledge that existed in ancient India, as discussed in contemporary literature and revealed by the recent explorations and findings. The Vedas, particularly, the Rigveda, Yajurveda, and Atharvaveda, have many references to the water cycle and associated processes, including water quality, hydraulic machines, hydro-structures, and nature-based solutions (NBS) for water management. The Harappan civilization epitomizes the level of development of water sciences in ancient India that includes construction of sophisticated hydraulic structures, wastewater disposal systems based on centralized and decentralized concepts, and methods for wastewater treatment. The Mauryan Empire (∼322–185 BCE) is credited as the first “hydraulic civilization” and is characterized by the construction of dams with spillways, reservoirs, and channels equipped with spillways (Pynes and Ahars); they also had an understanding of water balance, development of water pricing systems, measurement of rainfall, and knowledge of the various hydrological processes. As we investigate deeper into the references to hydrologic works in ancient Indian literature including the mythology, many fascinating dimensions of the Indian scientific contributions emerge. This review presents the various facets of water management, exploring disciplines such as history, archeology, hydrology and hydraulic engineering, and culture and covering the geographical area of the entire Indian subcontinent to the east of the Indus River. The review covers the period from the Mature Harappan Phase to the Vedic Period and the Mauryan Empire.
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Fairservis, Walter A., Gregory L. Possehl, and M. H. Raval. "G. L. Possehl's and M. H. Raval's Harappan Civilization and Rojdi." Journal of the American Oriental Society 111, no. 1 (January 1991): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/603752.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Harappan Civilization"

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Rogersdotter, Elke. "The Forgotten : an Approach on Harappan Toy Artefacts." Licentiate thesis, Umeå University, Archaeology and Sami Studies, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-733.

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This thesis proposes an alternative perspective to the general neglect of toy materials from deeper analysis in archaeology. Based on a study of selected toy artefacts from the Classical Harappan settlement at Bagasra, Gujarat, it suggests a viable way of approaching the objects when considering them within a theoretical framework highlighting their social aspects. The study agrees with objections in e.g. parts of gender archaeology and research on children in archaeology to the extrapolating from the marginalized child of the West onto past social structures. Departing from revised toy definitions formulated in disciplines outside archaeology, it proceeds with the objects’ toy identifications while rejecting a ‘transforming’ of these into other interpretations. Thus entering a quite unexplored research field, grounded theory is used as working method. As the items indicate a regulated pattern, the opinion on toy artefacts as randomly scattered around becomes questioned. Using among others the capital concept by Bourdieu, the notion of micropower by Foucault and parts of the newly developed ideas of microarchaeology, the toy-role of the artefacts is emphasized as crucial, enabling the items to express diverse social uses in addition to their possible function as children’s (play)things. With this, the notion of the limiting connection of toys to playing children becomes unravelled, opening for a discussion on enlarged dimensions of the toys and a possible re-naming of them as the materialities of next generation. While suggesting the items to indicate various social strategies and structurating practices, the need for traditional boundaries and separated entities successively becomes eliminated. The traditionally stated toy obstacles with cultural loading and elusive distinctions can with this be proposed as constructions, possible to avoid. The toy concept simultaneously emerges as particularly useful in highlighting the notion of change and continuity within the social structure and children’s roles in this.

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Lancelotti, Carla. "Fuelling Harappan hearths : human-environment interactions as revealed by fuel exploitation and use." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608968.

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Green, Adam. "The State in the Indus River Valley." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2006. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/anthro_hontheses/1.

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This thesis examines the concept of the state in the context of the Indus River Valley, located in northwest India and Pakistan. In the first section, I synthesize several popular trends in state discussion from both inside and outside of archaeological theory. I then apply my synthesized approach to state definition to the archaeological record from the Indus River Valley. The resulting work visits both the concept of the state and the rich cultural history of the Indus Civilization. I determine that there was a state in the Indus River Valley, but that the Indus state was very different from others scholars have identified in the archaeological record.
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LeBlanc, Paul D. "Indus Epigraphic Perspectives: Exploring Past Decipherment Attempts & Possible New Approaches." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26166.

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First appearing on potsherds around 3300 BC, the Indus script was primarily in use during the Mature Harappan period (ca. 2600-1900 BC) in the Indus Valley region, centred in the north-western region of the Indian Subcontinent. It is one of the last remaining undeciphered scripts of the ancient world. A great number of Indus inscriptions, however, have been uncovered at many archaeological sites in the Persian Gulf, discoveries that corroborate the inclusion of the Indus civilization as an active participant in the Mesopotamian-dominated Gulf trade of the 3rd millennium. In addition to exploring the current state of research surrounding the Indus decipherment attempts, the thesis will examine new perspectives on ancient history, arguing in favour of various possibilities of Mesopotamian, Elamite, and/or pre-dynastic Egyptian (North East African) cultural presences or influences in the ancient Indus River basin.
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Books on the topic "Harappan Civilization"

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Possehl, Gregory L. Harappan civilization and Rojdi. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1989.

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Madhuri, Sharma, ed. Panorama of Harappan civilization. New Delhi: Kaveri Books, 2003.

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Possehl, Gregory L. Harappan civilization and Rojdi. New Delhi: Oxford & IBH Publishing Co., 1989.

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Harappan heritage. Multan: Caravan Book Centre, 1998.

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Dandekar, Ramachandra Narayan. Harappan bibliography. Poona, India: Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, 1987.

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(Illustrator), Hemant Kumar, ed. Harappan adventure. New Delhi: Puffin Books, 2013.

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Mohan, Vijneshu. Harappan civilization: Homogeneity and heterogeneity. Delhi: B.R. Pub. Corp., 2005.

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Rissman, Paul C. Harappan civilization and Oriyo Timbo. New Delhi: Oxford & IBH Pub. Co., 1990.

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Harappan potteries. Delhi: Bharatiya Kala Prakashan, 2010.

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Harappan mystery deciphered. [New Delhi?: s.n., 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "Harappan Civilization"

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Shinde, Vasant. "Current Perspectives on the Harappan Civilization." In A Companion to South Asia in the Past, 125–44. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119055280.ch9.

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Danino, Michel. "Climate, Environment and the Harappan Civilization." In Critical Themes in Environmental History of India, 332–77. B1/I-1 Mohan Cooperative Industrial Area, Mathura Road New Delhi 110 044: SAGE Publications Pvt Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9789353885632.n9.

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Maemoku, Hideaki, Yorinao Shitaoka, Tsuneto Nagatomo, and Hiroshi Yagi. "Geomorphological Constraints on the Ghaggar River Regime During the Mature Harappan Period." In Climates, Landscapes, and Civilizations, 97–106. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012gm001218.

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"Harappan Civilization." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Archaeology, 578. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58292-0_80110.

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"Harappan Culture (Indus Valley Civilization)." In An Atlas and Survey of South Asian History, 28–29. Routledge, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315706429-13.

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Chakrabarti, Dilip K. "The Indus or Harappan Civilization." In India an Archaeological History, 151–204. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198064121.003.0005.

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"THE INDUS/‘HARAPPAN’/SARASVATI CIVILIZATION." In Early Civilizations of the Old World, 196–265. Routledge, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203449509-11.

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Schug, Gwen Robbins. "A Hierarchy of Values." In Bones of Complexity. University Press of Florida, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813062235.003.0010.

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Bioarchaeological insights help elucidate persistent questions on the internal social organization of the Indus (or Harappan) civilization in northwest India and Pakistan during the height of its urban phase, 2200–1900 B.C. This culture was highly complex, as shown through settlement hierarchies, bureaucracies, craft specialization, and communication and trade networks spanning some 1 million square kilometers of territory. Despite over a century of archaeological study, Indus social organization has remained difficult to define, especially with perceived lack of evidence for clear social differentiation. Robbins Schug examines osteological and funerary data to test the notion of a decentralized, heterarchical Harappa. Skeletal trauma and other forms of pathological data show independently how the people of Harappa experienced differential levels of vulnerability, violence, and exclusion of individuals in various spatially distinct mortuary settings, which is most consistent not with heterarchy but a system of vertical social stratification instead.
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Lahiri, Nayanjot. "Director General Deshpande." In Archaeology and the Public Purpose, 76–99. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190130480.003.0004.

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Deshpande’s years as director-general of the Archaeological Survey (1972-1978) forms the focus of this chapter. A lot of what Deshpande presided over was familiar territory, the sort of work which he had done earlier. The direction of research of the Archaeological Survey of India in the fields of prehistory and historical research is specially highlighted because this evidently shows that it was not merely the Harappan Civilization that it concerned itself with, as is so often thought. At the same time, as the chapter demonstrates, there was much that now happened in terms of monument conservation because of the interest taken by politicians. The protection of Hari Parbat in Srinagar because of Sheikh Abdullah, the chief minister of Jammu and Kashmir, and the interest of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi in safeguarding India’s heritage are discussed here. These were, in fact, challenging times for the Archaeological Survey in terms of its public image and in Deshpande’s tenure, there was relentless parliamentary and public scrutiny of the organization. All of this is carefully examined in this analysis of the years that Deshpande spent at the helm of the Archaeological Survey.
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"South Asia: Harappan and Later Civilizations." In Ancient Civilizations, 170–91. Routledge, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315664842-12.

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Conference papers on the topic "Harappan Civilization"

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Ram, Fulmati. "Understanding the Palaeo-Environment of Rann of Kachchh, Western India Through Holocene: Implications to Harappan Civilization." In Goldschmidt2020. Geochemical Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2020.2162.

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