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Journal articles on the topic 'Harare (Zimbabwe)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 4 February 2022

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1

BROADHEAD, JEREMY C., and MELANIE A. ABAS. "Life events, difficulties and depression among women in an urban setting in Zimbabwe." Psychological Medicine 28, no. 1 (January 1998): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291797005618.

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Background. A previous paper (Abas & Broadhead, 1997) reported that among 172 women randomly selected from a Zimbabwean township 30·8% had a depressive or anxiety disorder during the previous year. Compared with London, the higher annual prevalence of disorders in Harare could mostly be accounted for by an excess of onset cases in the study year (annual incidence of depression 18%). This paper reports on the role of life events and difficulties in the aetiology of depression among these women.Method. Randomly selected women (N=172) from a township in Harare were interviewed with a Zimbabwean modification of the Bedford College Life Events and Difficulties Schedule (LEDS).Results. Events and difficulties proved critical in provoking the onset of depression in Harare. Far more events occurring in Harare were severe or disruptive. Furthermore, a proportion of the Harare severe events were more threatening than have been described in London. As in London, certain types of severe event were particularly depressogenic, i.e. those involving the woman's humiliation, her entrapment in an ongoing difficult situation, or bereavement. However, more severe events in Harare involved these specific dimensions.Conclusions. Results indicate a common mechanism for the development of depression, as defined by international criteria, between Zimbabwe and London. The high frequency of severe events, and their especially adverse qualities, offer an explanation for the high incidence of depression in Harare.

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2

Barnes, Teresa. "Democracy and Historiographies of Organized Labour in Zimbabwe." International Review of Social History 48, no. 3 (November 24, 2003): 457–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859003001159.

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Keep on Knocking: A History of the Labour Movement in Zimbabwe, 1900–97. Ed. by Brian Raftopoulos and Ian Phimister. Baobab Books on behalf of the Zimbabwe Congress of Trade Unions and the Friedrich Ebert Stiftung, Harare 1997. xx, 164 pp. Striding Back: The Labour Movement and the Post-Colonial State in Zimbabwe 1980–2000. Ed. by Brian Raftopoulos and Lloyd Sachikonye. Weaver Press, Harare 2001. xxvii, 316 pp., £14.95; $24.95.

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3

DOLE, NANCY, KARIN GLEITER, DAVID A. SAVITZ, THOMAS H. K. CHIMBIRA, and MICHAEL T. MBIZVO. "Birthweight Patterns in Harare, Zimbabwe." International Journal of Epidemiology 19, no. 1 (1990): 98–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/19.1.98.

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4

Frederickson, D. E., E. S. Monyo, S. B. King, G. N. Odvody, and L. E. Claflin. "Department of Biological Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe." Journal of Phytopathology 147, no. 11-12 (December 1999): 701–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0434.1999.00446.x.

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5

Felicity N Ncube and Oliver Chikuta. "Perceived Economic Impact of Religious Tourism: The Case of Zimbabwe." Hospitality & Tourism Review 1, no. 2 (November 15, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.38157/hospitality-tourism-review.v1i2.211.

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Purpose: The purpose of the study was to assess the perceived economic impact of religious tourism in Zimbabwe. The research objectives were (1) to determine the nature of religious tourism in Zimbabwe, (2) to determine the key success factor for economically viable religious tourism in Zimbabwe, (3) to ascertain the perceived economic contribution of religious tourism, and finally (4) to propose strategies for economically sustainable religious tourism in Zimbabwe. Methods: The research adopted a qualitative approach and was descriptive in nature. The study focused on Harare and the study population was made up of a cross-section of tourism service providers in Harare, religious leaders, and the Zimbabwe Tourism Authority. Purposive sampling was used for service providers and as well as religious leaders. Results: The research findings revealed that there are a lot of religious tourism activities that take place in Zimbabwe, particularly Harare, and normally take the form of pilgrimages, religious conferencing, healing and deliverance nights, and worship. The perceived economic value derived includes employment creation for the locals, an increase in foreign currency generation, and an increase in sales revenue. The research findings also show that for religious tourism to be economically sustainable there is a need for government involvement, re-packaging of the product, and investment in local infrastructure. Implications: Zimbabwe Tourism Authority and the private sector need to take the religious tourism market seriously and make deliberate efforts to harness this growing market.

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Bartels, M. C., B. M. Macheka, S. Guramantunhu, J. J. Scheenloop, and J. S. Stilma. "Background Diabetic Retinopathy in Harare, Zimbabwe." Tropical Doctor 29, no. 3 (July 1999): 189–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004947559902900327.

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Jelsma, Jennifer M., Dolores Cortes-Meldrum, Alice Moyo, Dip COT, and Greg Powell. "The Childrenʼs Rehabilitation Unit, Harare, Zimbabwe." Pediatric Physical Therapy 7, no. 3 (1995): 140–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001577-199500730-00011.

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8

Simango, Clifford, and Charity Mbewe. "Salmonella enteritidis diarrhoea in Harare, Zimbabwe." Tropical Medicine and International Health 5, no. 7 (July 2000): 503–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3156.2000.00587.x.

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9

Ndunguru, Michael Gregory, and Zvikomborero Hoko. "Assessment of water loss in Harare, Zimbabwe." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 6, no. 4 (September 28, 2016): 519–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2016.157.

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A major challenge facing water utilities is the high level of water losses, which affects the financial viability and adequacy of water in the system. A study was carried out from January to May 2012 to characterize water losses in selected areas of Harare, Zimbabwe. Assessment of the contribution of water leakage to total water loss was carried out through water audits in four selected suburbs. Minimum night flows were determined over a number of days, and the SANFLOW model was used to determine average real losses. The water loss expressed as a percentage of supply in the four suburbs ranged from 29 to 43%, and was above the level expected for well-performing utilities in developing countries of 23%. Leakage contributed most to the water loss (>70%). For the entire city, the study established that non-revenue water ranged from 43 to 74% over the period 2009–2011. The study concludes that water loss management in Harare is poor, and this is affecting the quality of service delivery. There is a need for Harare to take a more proactive approach to water loss management, including periodic water audits.

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Makanyeza, Charles, and Simolini Mutambayashata. "Consumers’ acceptance and use of plastic money in Harare, Zimbabwe." International Journal of Bank Marketing 36, no. 2 (April 3, 2018): 379–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijbm-03-2017-0044.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to apply unified theory of acceptance and use of technology 2 to determine factors influencing acceptance and use of plastic money in Zimbabwe. Design/methodology/approach Using a cross-section of 528 consumers, respondents were randomly intercepted as they walked out of five major supermarkets in Harare, Zimbabwe. Random selection of consumers was done in order to ensure a representative sample. Consumers were asked to complete a structured questionnaire. Structural equation modelling was applied to test research hypotheses. Findings Results show that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, hedonic motivation and habit all positively influenced behavioural intention to adopt plastic money. Social influence, facilitating conditions and perceived financial cost all did not have a significant effect on behavioural intention to adopt plastic money. Behavioural intention positively influenced consumers’ use behaviour on plastic money. Research limitations/implications This study is among the pioneers of research in this field in Zimbabwe and other developing countries. Likewise, caution must be taken when researchers try to generalise findings from this study. It is, therefore, recommended that more studies of this nature be conducted in other developing countries in order to have a more solid understanding of consumers’ adoption of plastic money. Practical implications The study advises banks to pay particular attention to performance expectancy, effort expectancy, hedonic motivation and habit when devising strategies to increase the adoption of plastic money. Originality/value Factors that influence the adoption of plastic money are not widely researched under circumstances such as those existing in Zimbabwe. The Zimbabwean financial sector provides a unique environment to conduct studies of this nature.

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Nhapi, Innocent. "The water situation in Harare, Zimbabwe: a policy and management problem." Water Policy 11, no. 2 (April 1, 2009): 221–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2009.018.

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Harare, the capital city of Zimbabwe, is facing water quantity and quality problems, with serious pollution of the downstream Lake Chivero. Often, these problems are attributed to rapid population growth, inadequate maintenance of wastewater treatment plants, expensive technologies and a poor institutional framework. Rampant urban agriculture could also result in washing off and leaching of nutrients. This paper brings out a number of issues related to sustainable water management in Harare. The study was based on key informant interviews, focus group discussions and a literature review. The results show that monitoring and enforcement of regulations in Harare is poor because of economic hardships and lack of political will to deal with offenders. Also, there is irregular collection of garbage, low fines owing to hyper-inflation and a general failure by the city to collect water and other charges from residents. The city has also failed to raise tariffs to economic levels owing to heavy lobbying by residents and interference by government. It was concluded that Harare cannot overcome its water-related problems under the current set-up. It is recommended that a corporatised body, free from political influence and with a higher degree of autonomy, be established to run the water services for Harare and the neighbouring towns. Such a body would need a sound and flexible system for setting tariffs and enacting/enforcing reasonable regulations.

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Katsidzira, Leolin, Wisdom F. Mudombi, Rudo Makunike-Mutasa, Bahtiyar Yilmaz, Annika Blank, Gerhard Rogler, Andrew Macpherson, Stephan Vavricka, Innocent Gangaidzo, and Benjamin Misselwitz. "Inflammatory bowel disease in sub-Saharan Africa: a protocol of a prospective registry with a nested case–control study." BMJ Open 10, no. 12 (December 2020): e039456. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039456.

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IntroductionThe epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in sub-Saharan Africa is poorly documented. We have started a registry to determine the burden, phenotype, risk factors, disease course and outcomes of IBD in Zimbabwe.Methods and analysisA prospective observational registry with a nested case–control study has been established at a tertiary hospital in Harare, Zimbabwe. The registry is recruiting confirmed IBD cases from the hospital, and other facilities throughout Zimbabwe. Demographic and clinical data are obtained at baseline, 6 months and annually. Two age and sex-matched non-IBD controls per case are recruited—a sibling or second-degree relative, and a randomly selected individual from the same neighbourhood. Cases and controls are interviewed for potential risk factors of IBD, and dietary intake using a food frequency questionnaire. Stool is collected for 16S rRNA-based microbiota profiling, and along with germline DNA from peripheral blood, is being biobanked. The estimated sample size is 86 cases and 172 controls, and the overall registry is anticipated to run for at least 5 years. Descriptive statistics will be used to describe the demographic and phenotypic characteristics of IBD, and incidence and prevalence will be estimated for Harare. Risk factors for IBD will be analysed using conditional logistic regression. For microbial analysis, alpha diversity and beta diversity will be compared between cases and controls, and between IBD phenotypes. Mann-Whitney U tests for alpha diversity and Adonis (Permutational Multivariate Analysis of Variance) for beta diversity will be computed.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval has been obtained from the Parirenyatwa Hospital’s and University of Zimbabwe’s research ethics committee and the Medical Research Council of Zimbabwe. Findings will be discussed with patients, and the Zimbabwean Ministry of Health. Results will be presented at scientific meetings, published in peer reviewed journals, and on social media.Trial registration numberNCT04178408.

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13

Chuchu, Tinashe, and Vimbai Chuchu. "The Impact of Inclusive Education on Learners with Disabilities in High Schools of Harare, Zimbabwe." Journal of Social and Development Sciences 7, no. 2 (July 6, 2016): 88–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jsds.v7i2.1310.

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The problem of low inclusive education is essential to research as it highlights the importance of equal opportunity to all students regardless of mental or physical ability. The study was conducted within a Zimbabwean high school context. The purpose of the study was to conduct an empirical investigation into the impact of inclusive education and therefore establish the extent to which it has benefited students with disabilities in four high schools in the Harare province. Furthermore, studyâ€™s intention was to therefore propose a theoretical framework that could be used to address low success in inclusive education. The methodology was qualitative in nature and interviews were used to collect research data. Quota sampling was adopted in selection of suitable respondents. It was observed that a lack of financial and human resources, as well as effective policies had contributed to the low impact of inclusive education in high schools in Harare, Zimbabwe. In conclusion the results also revealed that inclusive education in high schools in Harare had not made much of an impact due to negative perceptions and attitudes of the people that are pivotal to its success.

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14

Kagore, F., and P. M. Lund. "Oculocutaneous albinism among schoolchildren in Harare, Zimbabwe." Journal of Medical Genetics 32, no. 11 (November 1, 1995): 859–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jmg.32.11.859.

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15

Kasilo, Ossy M. J., Charles F. B. Nhachi, and Hatatu A. Achameley. "Nonprescription medication use in urban Harare, Zimbabwe." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 49, no. 6 (June 1, 1992): 1495–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/49.6.1495.

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16

Dennis, M. S., J. M. Bamford, and C. P. Warlow. "Strokes among black people in Harare, Zimbabwe." BMJ 293, no. 6539 (July 12, 1986): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.293.6539.134.

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17

Chisita, Collence Takaingenhamo, and Madeleine Fombad. "Knowledge Management for Climate Change Adaptation to Enhance Urban Agriculture Among Selected Organisations in Zimbabwe." Journal of Information & Knowledge Management 19, no. 02 (May 21, 2020): 2050009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219649220500094.

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Just like any other country in the world, Zimbabwe is vulnerable to climate change because of its position in a semi-arid exposed temperature variations among other vulnerabilities. The paper draws on various definitions, studies, policies and frameworks for knowledge management as the basis for recommending knowledge management strategy for climate change adaptation to enhance urban farming in Harare. It seeks to build on the existing knowledge management strategies for climate change adaptation to enhance urban farming in Harare. Currently, knowledge management strategies for climate change adaptation among selected environmental organisations and libraries in Zimbabwe are not being leveraged to actualise national development goals, however this paper seeks to examine these strategies in order to support urban farming. A well-coordinated national knowledge management strategy for climate change adaptation can contribute towards sustainable urban farming. The paper seeks to recommend knowledge management strategy for climate change adaptation among urban farmers in Harare.

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18

Mhute, Isaac. "Typical Phrases For Shona Syntactic Subjecthood." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 5 (February 28, 2016): 340. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n5p340.

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This paper presents findings from a qualitative research that focused on providing a comprehensive description of the Shona subject relation. Shona is a Bantu language spoken by around 75% of the over 13million people making up the Zimbabwean population plus the other speakers in neighbouring countries like Zambia, Botswana and South Africa. The paper reveals the types of phrases that typically perform the subject role in the language. The research concentrated mainly on the language as used by speakers of the dialect spoken by the Karanga people of Masvingo Province (the region around Great Zimbabwe) and the Zezuru dialect spoken by people of central and northern Zimbabwe (the area around Harare Province).

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19

Gambe, Tazviona Richman. "Rethinking the tenant eviction process in Harare, Zimbabwe." Property Management 36, no. 3 (June 18, 2018): 252–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pm-12-2016-0069.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the lessee eviction process in Zimbabwe in order to suggest possible ways of improving this process that has become a rutted road characterised by a litany of hiccups. Design/methodology/approach The study is guided by the qualitative methodology. Data were mainly collected from property managers operating in the real property market in Harare using in-depth interviews. Analysis of data was done through content analysis. Findings It emerged from the study that the eviction process in Zimbabwe is fraught with impediments and expenses that are sometimes exasperating to property owners and investors. The current eviction regulations favour the lessees at the expense of lessors thus niggling lessees have aggravated the already protracted process by unnecessary appeals. Research limitations/implications The paper only focuses on residential property management and eviction of legal lessees due to non-payment of rentals. Practical implications The rent regulations should be reviewed in order to create a fair legal system that protects the rights of both the lessors and lessees in Zimbabwe. Originality/value The perpetual decline of the economy in Zimbabwe has crippled lessees’ ability to pay rentals. Yet, it has also become intricate to evict defaulting lessees thereby causing loss of income to rental housing investors. Thus, the paper challenges the protracted eviction processes in the real property industry that have prejudiced property owners and scared away potential rental housing investors that are greatly needed to boost the rental market.

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Mangezi, Walter, and Dixon Chibanda. "Mental health in Zimbabwe." International Psychiatry 7, no. 4 (October 2010): 93–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s1749367600006032.

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Zimbabwe is a landlocked country which has recently emerged from some marked political and socio-economic challenges. Against this background, mental health has fallen down the priority list, as matters such as food shortages and the AIDS scourge have taken prece dence. Zimbabwe is in southern Africa; Zambia and Botswana lie to the north, Namibia to the west, South Africa to the south and Mozambique to the east. Its population is 11.4 million. The capital city is Harare, which has a population of 1.6 million.

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Kurebwa, Jeffrey, and Eunice Magumise. "The Effectiveness of Cyber Security Frameworks in Combating Terrorism in Zimbabwe." International Journal of Cyber Research and Education 2, no. 1 (January 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcre.2020010101.

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This study investigated the effectiveness of Zimbabwe's cyber security frameworks in combating terrorism. Media reports and scholarly evidence have constantly shown that cybercrime has led to loss of life, money, security, damage to property. There is a lot of concern among citizens of African countries such as Zimbabwe, Kenya, and Nigeria that their governments are not equipped with effective cyber security systems to combat these cyber threats. It is on the basis of these concerns that this study was carried out with the hope of helping to close policy and knowledge gaps affecting the effectiveness of the cyber security frameworks of Zimbabwe. The study used qualitative methodology and a case study research design was utilised. The study was conducted in Harare the capital city of Zimbabwe. Key informant interviews and documentary search were used to collect data. Among the findings of the study were that cyber fraud and theft are some of the significant cyber security threats in Zimbabwe; that Zimbabwe lacks established legislation and other regulatory institutions for cyber-security. Among the recommendations are; that the Ministry of Justice, Legal and Parliamentary Affairs enacts cyber security laws in Zimbabwe to combat cyber terrorism.

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22

Musemwa, Muchaparara. "Urban Struggles over Water Scarcity in Harare." Daedalus 150, no. 4 (2021): 27–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/daed_a_01871.

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Abstract This essay counters the growing tendency in current scholarship to attribute nearly all the enduring water scarcity problems to climate change. Focusing on Harare, Zimbabwe's capital city, this essay contends that recurrent water crises can only really be understood within the contentious, long, and complex history of water politics in the capital city from the colonial to the postcolonial period. Although the colonial and postcolonial states in Zimbabwe had very different ideological and racial policies, for various reasons, neither was willing nor able to provide adequate supplies of water to the urban poor even as water was abundant in the city's reservoirs. It posits that while the colonial government racialized access to water by restricting its use by urban Africans, the postcolonial government failed to change the colonial patterns of urban water distribution and did little to increase water supplies to keep pace with a swiftly growing urban population and a geographically expanding city.

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Kurebwa, Jeffrey. "Challenges in the Provision of Affordable and Decent Housing for Low Income Earners." International Journal of Political Activism and Engagement 7, no. 3 (July 2020): 13–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijpae.2020070102.

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This study sought to understand the challenges in the provision of affordable and decent housing for low income earners in the capital city of Zimbabwe, Harare. Various challenges relating to housing provision were identified by the research participants. These related to regulatory barriers, lack of political will and commitment, financial challenges, lack of inter-agency coordination. The study concludes that provision of low-income housing remains a big challenge in Harare, which calls for a multi-sectoral approach to address. The study relied on qualitative methodology. Research participants were drawn from Harare City Council, the private sector non-governmental organisations (NGOs), government officials, and residents.

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Abas, Melanie, O. Lovemore Mbengeranwa, Iris V. Simmons Chagwedera, Patricia Maramba, and Jeremy Broadhead. "Primary Care Services for Depression in Harare, Zimbabwe." Harvard Review of Psychiatry 11, no. 3 (January 2003): 157–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10673220303952.

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25

Murira, Nester, Robert Ashford, and John Sparrow. "Primiparous women's experiences of labour in Harare, Zimbabwe." African Journal of Midwifery and Women's Health 4, no. 2 (April 2010): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/ajmw.2010.4.2.47616.

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26

Mbara, T. C., and D. A. C. Maunder. "Travel Characteristics of Urban Households in Harare, Zimbabwe." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 30, no. 8 (June 1997): 645–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)43894-8.

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27

Simango, Clifford, and Steven Uladi. "Detection of Clostridium difficile diarrhoea in Harare, Zimbabwe." Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 108, no. 6 (March 23, 2014): 354–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/tru042.

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28

Patel, Vikram, Charles Todd, Mark Winston, Essie Simunyu, Fungisai Gwanzura, Wilson Acuda, and Anthony Mann. "Outcome of common mental disorders in Harare, Zimbabwe." British Journal of Psychiatry 172, no. 1 (January 1998): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.172.1.53.

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BackgroundLittle is known about the outcome of common mental disorders (CMD) in primary care attenders in low income countries.MethodTwo and 12 month (T1 and T2) follow-up of a cohort of cases of CMD (n=199) recruited from primary health, traditional medical practitioner, and general practitioner clinics in Harare, Zimbabwe. The Shona Symptom Questionnaire (SSQ) was the measure of caseness.ResultsThe persistence of case level morbidity was recorded in 41% of subjects at 12 months. Of the 134 subjects interviewed at both follow-up points, 49% had recovered by T1 and remained well at T2 while 28% were persistent cases at both T1 and T2. Higher SSQ scores, a psychological illness model, bereavement and disability predicted a poor outcome at both times. Poorer outcome at T1 only was associated with a causal model of witch-craft and an unhappy childhood. Caseness at follow-up was associated with disability and economic deprivation.ConclusionsA quarter of cases of CMD were likely to be ill throughout the 12 month follow-up period. Targeting risk groups for poor outcome for interventions and policy interventions to reduce the impact of economic deprivation may provide a way of tackling CMD in primary care in low income countries.

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Heyderman, R. S., M. Goyal, P. Roberts, S. Ushewokunze, S. Zizhou, B. G. Marshall, R. Makombe, J. D. A. Van Embden, P. R. Mason, and R. J. Shaw. "Pulmonary tuberculosis in Harare, Zimbabwe: analysis by spoligotyping." Thorax 53, no. 5 (May 1, 1998): 346–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thx.53.5.346.

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Rakodi, Carole. "Housing Production and Housing Policy in Harare, Zimbabwe." Journal of Urban Affairs 12, no. 2 (June 1990): 135–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9906.1990.tb00209.x.

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Nhapi, I., M. A. Siebel, and H. J. Gijzen. "A proposal for managing wastewater in Harare, Zimbabwe." Water and Environment Journal 20, no. 2 (June 2006): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.2006.00018.x.

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Nhapi, Innocent. "Inventory of water management practices in Harare, Zimbabwe." Water and Environment Journal 22, no. 1 (March 2008): 54–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.2007.00084.x.

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33

Gwanzura, L., A. Latif, M. Bassett, R. Machekano, D. A. Katzenstein, and P. R. Mason. "Syphilis serology and HIV infection in Harare, Zimbabwe." Sexually Transmitted Infections 75, no. 6 (December 1, 1999): 426–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sti.75.6.426.

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34

Kanji, Nazneen. "Gender, poverty and economic adjustment in Harare, Zimbabwe." Environment and Urbanization 7, no. 1 (April 1995): 37–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095624789500700110.

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35

Nhapi, I., M. Mawere, S. Veenstra, and H. J. Gijzen. "Effluent polishing via pasture irrigation in Harare, Zimbabwe." Water Science and Technology 46, no. 9 (November 1, 2002): 287–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2002.0261.

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Harare, the capital city of Zimbabwe, is experiencing eutrophication-related problems in its downstream potable water supply source of Lake Chivero. This is due mainly to poorly treated sewage effluent encroachment into upstream rivers, especially Marimba River. Crowborough Pasture Irrigation farm is in the Marimba sub-catchment area and has 305 hectares of irrigated pastures. Studies started from July 2000 to August 2001 focusing on the pasture's management of nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) and their impact on Marimba River. Water and nutrient balances were developed. Reduction efficiencies for this pasture were found to be 84% for TN and 54% for TP. Both the Crowborough sewage treatment works and the pastures are overloaded. It was therefore concluded that the current system is no longer sustainable economically and environmentally. From the results of our study we recommend that additional treatment units be constructed at Crowborough sewage treatment works to meet current flows. Moreover, pasture management needs substantial improvement. Nutrient recovery should be enhanced by regular harvesting of pasture grass and converting cow dung into an economic commodity as manure for neighbouring residents. Maize cultivation is also recommended to replace pasture grass as it is a local staple crop and has high nutrient uptake rates.

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Godwell Karedza and Krishna K. Govender. "The Impact of Organizational Capabilities on SMEs Export Performance: Application of the Resource Based View Theory." International Journal of Entrepreneurial Research 3, no. 3 (August 21, 2020): 68–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.31580/ijer.v3i3.1543.

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The research aimed at identifying the organizational capabilities that influence the export performance of SMEs in Zimbabwe, as well as the strategies that can be adopted by SMEs to enhance their export performance. A mixed-methods study was carried out with a sample size of 345 SMEs in Harare, comprising food processing, leather products, and textiles and four (4) policy advocates and four (4) export business analysts. Questionnaires were directed at the SME owner-managers and an interview guide was used to collect qualitative data. The results reveal that, although distinctive capabilities play a pivotal role in enhancing the export performance of SMEs; its impact on Zimbabwean manufacturing SMEs is not significant. The findings are envisaged to provide insights on how SMEs in Zimbabwe can embrace organisational capabilities to enhance export performance.

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Matamanda, Abraham R., Innocent Chirisa, Fortune Mangara, and Munyaradzi A. Dzvimbo. "The Ecological Politics Surrounding the Downsizing and Downgrading of Public Park: A Reflection on the History of Change of the Harare Gardens in Zimbabwe." Case Studies in the Environment 3, no. 1 (December 31, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/cse.2019.001958.

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The study of protected area downgrading and downsizing (PADD) in Africa has largely been confined to rustic and nature reserves outside urban boundaries. This study addresses the gap in research practice and puts a focus on urban public parks, a reference to Harare Gardens, located within central Harare. The case study of this important park engaged the political ecology lenses as a basis for understanding the significance of public parks in urban environments. Operationalization of the study involved interviews with various stakeholders including the city officials and experts in urban planning and conservation, as well as observations and examination of published documents. Several lessons and observations are made. First, downsizing is mainly a result of increasing demand for urban land in Harare, which seems to be exhausted. Second, downscaling was explained through eco-development where the City of Harare sought to maximize on land-use. Third, the rationale for the PADD of Harare Gardens has been mainly for selfish reasons by individuals who manipulate the land market in Harare and subsequently benefit from the process. Fourth, politics takes a central role in influencing the occurrence of PADD in Zimbabwe that has been the case with Harare Gardens. Our findings suggest that the decision to downsize Harare Gardens was largely politically driven considering that such occurrences have been on-going in the city and led to the downsizing and downgrading of other protected areas such as wetlands.

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Mungwari, Teddy. "Zimbabwe Post Election Violence: Motlanthe Commission of Inquiry 2018." International Journal of Contemporary Research and Review 10, no. 02 (February 23, 2019): 20392–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.15520/ijcrr.v10i02.675.

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Zimbabwe held its national elections on 30 July 2018. The electoral process was generally peaceful until 1 August 2018, when demonstrators took to the streets of Harare demanding the immediate release of the presidential election results. Arguably, the police failed to contain the situation and sought the assistance of the military which fired live ammunition to unarmed civilians. By end of 1 August 2018, at least six (6) people had been tragically killed; injury of thirty-five (35), and extensive damage and destruction of property had been caused. Following these incidents, on 12 September 2018, the President of the Republic of Zimbabwe, His Excellency Emmerson Dambudzo Mnangagwa, appointed a Commission of Inquiry in terms of Section 2(1) of the Commission of Inquiry Act [Chapter 10:07] through Proclamation 6of 2018 published in Statutory Instrument 181 of 2018, to investigate matters of public welfare arising out of the tragic events in Harare on 1 August 2018. This article argues that the Motlanthe Commission of Inquiry was biased against main opposition. The article concluded that the coverage of the public hearings was polarized and that Zimbabwe is a divided and polarized state. This article contributes towards policy and reform changes.

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Njaya, Tavonga. "Challenges of Negotiating Sectoral Governance of Street Vending Sector in Harare Metropolitan, Zimbabwe." Asian Journal of Economic Modelling 2, no. 2 (June 10, 2014): 69–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/journal.8.2014.22.69.84.

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Informal businesses have decorated the streets of Harare and have become an increasingly visible and disruptive locus of conflict between the government’s efforts to maintain public order on one hand and the citizens’ efforts to generate income on the other. This study sought to investigate the problems hindering the establishment of a stable governance framework of street vending sector in Harare in Zimbabwe. The study used qualitative approach.Data were collected through in-depth personal interviews, direct observations and document reviews. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered to 145 street vendors in Harare. The study revealed that the inability to achieve stable governance of street vending may be rooted in problems at the national, metropolitan and local levels. First, policy contradictions caused by conflicting political incentives at different levels of the state have made establishment of sectoral governance rather elusive. Second, at the metropolitan level, neoliberal by-laws and regulations continued to exclude street vendors from participating in the economic activities of the country. These by-laws have failed to adapt to the changing circumstances. Third, street vendors lacked formal association(s) that can coordinate strategies across different groups to achieve sectoral governance. The study provided an insight into an emerging research area that is characterised by a proliferation of a variety of types of street vendors in Harare. The study showed that while vending associations had been unsuccessful in their efforts to achieve sectoral governance, the new interest regime could offer novel strategies of action to achieve this goal.

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Mutaurwa, Ndatenda Shamiso, Ellen Munemo, Garikai Malunga, and Danai Tavonga Zhou. "Ciprofloxacin Resistant Salmonella Typhi Isolated at National Microbiology Reference Laboratory in Harare, Zimbabwe (January to April 2016)." Open Public Health Journal 13, no. 1 (February 18, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874944502013010001.

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Background: Typhoid is a life-threatening infectious disease requiring the administration of antibiotics for treatment. Ciprofloxacin is the antibiotic of choice for diarrheal cases in Zimbabwe, adopted by the Ministry of Health and Child Care, from current World Health Organisation (WHO) guidelines. However, there has been an increase in the emergence and spread of multidrug resistance against ciprofloxacin and conventional drugs antibiotics for the treatment of typhoid. Objective: This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella Typhi (S. Typhi) isolated in Harare for the first quarter of 2016. Methods: This study was carried out at the National Microbiology Reference Laboratory (NMRL), located at Harare Central Hospital, in Zimbabwe. The NMRL carries out confirmatory tests and molecular typing of pathogens isolated at different national laboratories. The current study retrieved demographics, clinical data, and isolates for confirmed typhoid cases out of 402 suspected specimens. The isolates from Harare, confirmed as S. Typhi, between January and April 2016, were evaluated for ciprofloxacin resistance. Results: A total of 35 S. Typhi isolates were recovered for the period from January to April 2016. When the 35 isolates were characterised, nine (25.7%) were resistant to ciprofloxacin. The area with the highest recorded cases of typhoid fever was Budiriro High-Density Suburb in Harare. This area has been hit by other diarrheal outbreaks in the past, most likely due to the intermittent supply of safe water. Conclusion: Most high-density areas, where S. Typhi positive specimens originated, are overpopulated and have regular water cuts, resulting in a decrease in hygiene. More than a quarter of isolates are resistant to ciprofloxacin, agreeing with other reports from Zimbabwe. The misuse of antibiotics could be associated with resistance, necessitating education on the correct use of antibiotics in the community and other preventive measures. Additionally, molecular research on geographic and phylogenetic relatedness of isolates and other holistic approaches for studying the development of antimicrobial resistance mutations, using whole-genome sequencing, in this setting, are warranted.

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Chege, Michael. "Southern Africa Political Economy Monthly: December 1996, Harare, Zimbabwe." Foreign Policy, no. 107 (1997): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1149348.

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Kamusoko, Courage, Jonah Gamba, and Hitomi Murakami. "Monitoring Urban Spatial Growth in Harare Metropolitan Province, Zimbabwe." Advances in Remote Sensing 02, no. 04 (2013): 322–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ars.2013.24035.

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Scherer, James A. "Sixth IAMS Conference, Harare, Zimbabwe January 8–14, 1985." Missiology: An International Review 13, no. 2 (April 1985): 219–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009182968501300207.

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Nathoo, K. J., I. Pazvakavamba, O. S. Chidede, and C. Chirisa. "Neonatal meningitis in Harare, Zimbabwe: a 2-year review." Annals of Tropical Paediatrics 11, no. 1 (January 1991): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02724936.1991.11747472.

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Hove, Mediel, Enock Ndawana, and Wonder S. Ndemera. "Illegal street vending and national security in Harare, Zimbabwe." Africa Review 12, no. 1 (November 7, 2019): 71–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09744053.2019.1685323.

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Gambe, Tazviona Richman. "Prospects of prepaid smart water metering in Harare, Zimbabwe." African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development 7, no. 4 (July 4, 2015): 236–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20421338.2015.1081762.

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Woelk, G., I. Emanuel, N. S. Weiss, and B. M. Psaty. "Birthweight and blood pressure among children in Harare, Zimbabwe." Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition 79, no. 2 (September 1, 1998): F119—F122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/fn.79.2.f119.

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Chirenda, Joconiah, Isaiah Gwitira, Robin M. Warren, Samantha L. Sampson, Amon Murwira, Collen Masimirembwa, Kudzanai M. Mateveke, et al. "Spatial distribution of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in metropolitan Harare, Zimbabwe." PLOS ONE 15, no. 4 (April 21, 2020): e0231637. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231637.

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Madzimbamuto, F. D., B. Mbuwayesango, and T. Zimunhu. "Separation of Conjoined Twins in Harare, Zimbabwe: Case Report." East and Central African Journal of Surgery 21, no. 3 (January 23, 2017): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ecajs.v21i3.15.

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Nhidza, Godwell, Kudzaishe Mutsaka, Garikai Malunga, and Danai Tavonga Zhou. "Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Urban Harare, Zimbabwe." Open Public Health Journal 11, no. 1 (January 22, 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874944501811010001.

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Introduction:According to the WHO, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) means glucose intolerance with onset during pregnancy. Unfortunately, women affected by GDM could suffer from Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) later while babies born to mothers with GDM are at increased risk of being too large for gestational age. This cross-sectional study screened GDM in women attending Parirenyatwa Antenatal Clinic in urban Harare, Zimbabwe using 2006 WHO diagnostic criteria.Methodology:Urine samples were collected from all consenting pregnant women. If urinalysis indicated glycosuria and if a woman reported clinical symptoms of GDM, random blood sugar analysis was subsequently carried out. Those suspected of having GDM due to elevated glucose (n=17) were screened with glucose load challenge the following day, after collecting the sample for fasting blood sugar. Family history of diabetes was self-reported.Results:Women (N=150), between 24 – 28 weeks of gestation who consented were recruited. Participants had mean age 27.2(3.5) years and about half were gradiva 1. All participants reported no maternal history of T2DM, but reported other family history of T2DM. Out of the 150 recruited and 17 tested by OGTT, 10 (6.7%) tested positive for GDM.Conclusion:Prevalence of GDM is lower than two similar African studies but similar to one Indian study. Of note is the fact that variations in reported prevalence, in populations from different studies could be due to different diagnostic criteria used. Results need further enquiry on larger group of pregnant women using latest 2013 WHO criteria.

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