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Journal articles on the topic 'Hard coating'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 May 2022

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1

Meekhanthong, K., and S. Wirojanupatump. "Characterization and Comparison of Thermally Sprayed Hard Coatings as Alternative to Hard Chrome Plating." Advanced Materials Research 974 (June 2014): 183–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.974.183.

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Thermal spray coatings have become one of the most potential for hard chrome replacement, particularly for wear and corrosion applications. In this study four types of hard coating materials were selected and thermally sprayed by suitable processes as the following designated codes (material/spray technique): Cr-Fe/HVOF, Cr-Ni/HVOF, WC-Ni/SF and Cr-Fe/AS. All of starting materials were characterized in order to create a correlation between spray materials and coating characteristics. SEM was employed for morphology and microstructure investigation. Particle size analysis was investigated by SE

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Dodaran, Mohammad S., Jian Wang, Nima Shamsaei, and Shuai Shao. "Investigating the Interaction between Persistent Slip Bands and Surface Hard Coatings via Crystal Plasticity Simulations." Crystals 10, no. 11 (2020): 1012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst10111012.

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Fatigue cracks often initiate from the surface extrusion/intrusions formed due to the operation of persistent slip bands (PSBs). Suppression of these surface topographical features by hard surface coatings can significantly extend fatigue lives under lower stress amplitudes (i.e., high cycle fatigue), while cracks initiate early in the coating or in the coating–substrate interface under higher stress amplitudes (i.e., low cycle fatigue), deteriorating the fatigue performance. However, both beneficial and detrimental effects of the coatings appear to be affected by the coating–substrate materia

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3

Freller, H. "Vapour-phase coating processes for hard coatings." Vacuum 45, no. 10-11 (1994): 997–1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0042-207x(94)90003-5.

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4

Warbichler, P., and F. Hofer. "AEM-investigation of ceramic coatings on hard metals." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 48, no. 4 (1990): 1034–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100178306.

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To improve their working life, hard metal tools are coated with ceramic protective coatings by means of chemical vapour deposition (CVD). Generally, several layers are deposited, e.g. titaniumcarbide, titaniumnitride, titaniumcarbonitride and aluminiumoxide with thicknesses ranging from some 10 nm to some μm.The understanding of mechanical properties of the coatings is dependent on gaining a knowledge of both the interfaces and the structure of the coatings involved. The coating properties are, in turn, dependent on the coating deposition parameters. A detailed understanding of the influence o

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Wu, Feng Fang, and Jian Xin Deng. "Erosion Wear Behavior of TiAlCrN Coating on Hard Metal Impacted by Solid Particles." Applied Mechanics and Materials 44-47 (December 2010): 2390–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.44-47.2390.

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The erosion wear resistance of TiAlCrN coating on a hard metal deposited using unbalanced magnetron sputtering technique was investigated by comparison with that of the TiN coating deposited by filtered vacuum arc deposition. SEM was used for observing the surface morphologies of coatings both the un-eroded and eroded. Scratch test was used to evaluate the adhesion of the coatings. The erosion wear was tested with a gas blast apparatus at room temperature. In the test, the coatings were impacted at an impingement angle of 90° by angular SiC solid particles with an average diameter of 124um. Th

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Hu, Wei Qiang, Zong De Liu, Guang Yang, Yong Tian Wang, and Hua Lei Zhang. "A Hard and Thick Fe-Based Amorphous Composite Coating." Advanced Materials Research 189-193 (February 2011): 858–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.189-193.858.

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A thick Fe-based amorphous and nanocrystalline composite coating was prepared by in-situ tungsten inert gas (TIG) cladding method. The results show that the cladding coating mainly consists of amorphous phase and nanocrystalline grains. The microstructure study shows that the Fe-based composite coatings have unique microstructure including nano-sized grains surrounded by nano-scale amorphous shell layer (encapsulated structure) and the homogeneously distributed dendrites/cellular crystals. The unique microstructure gives rise to the superior micro-hardness and wear resistance of the coating. T

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Qi, Yu Long, Hai Yan Chen, Chen Yang Shu, et al. "Wear and Corrosion Behaviours of FeCrNiSi Alloy Coatings by Laser Cladding." Materials Science Forum 898 (June 2017): 1406–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.898.1406.

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Soft and hard FeCrNiSi alloy coatings were obtained on 30CrMo alloy steel surface by laser cladding. The phase constitution, microstructure, frictional wear behavior and corrosion resistance of the composite coating were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), three-dimensional non-contact surface mapping, friction and wear testing machine and electrochemical workstation, separately. XRD analysis showed that the cladding layer was mainly composed of Fe-based alloy composition, accompanied by a small amount of cobalt nickel alloy. There were massive protrusio

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8

Yan, Pei, Jian Xin Deng, Zhen Chen, Yun Song Lian, Jun Zhao, and Xing Ai. "Preparation of ZrTiN Hard Coating and its Performance." Advanced Materials Research 189-193 (February 2011): 92–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.189-193.92.

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ZrTiN hard coatings were deposited by multi-arc ion plating on tungsten carbide substrates, using separated Ti and Zr targets in nitrogen and argon atmosphere, combined with ion bombardment of samples surface. The films exhibited a dense and fine grained structure with no columnar growth structure. ZrTiN coatings deposited reveal a (111) preferred crystal orientation. For the coatings, solid solutions were formed. The coatings possessed a higher microhardness value (approx. 2700 Hv0.05) than their binary counterparts. The increased microhardness was probably due to a solid solution strengtheni

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Elsharkawy, A. A., and B. J. Hamrock. "EHL of Coated Surfaces: Part I—Newtonian Results." Journal of Tribology 116, no. 1 (1994): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2927041.

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A complete solution for the Newtonian elastohydrodynamic lubrication of coated surfaces in line contact is introduced in this paper. The formulation is based mainly on solving the Reynolds equation coupled with the elasticity equations of the multilayered elastic half space. The effects of pressure inside the lubricated conjunction on the lubricant viscosity and density are considered. The mathematical model for this problem is a nonlinear one, and an iterative Newton-Raphson scheme is used for numerical solutions. The effects of coating material and coating thickness on the pressure profiles

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Piska, Miroslav. "Hard Nano-Crystalline Coatings for Cutting Tools." Materials Science Forum 567-568 (December 2007): 185–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.567-568.185.

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Modern trends in metal cutting, high speed/feed machining, dry cutting and hard cutting set more demanding characteristics for cutting tool materials. The exposed parts of the cutting edges must be protected against the severe loading conditions and wear. The most significant coatings methods for cutting tools are PVD and CVD/MTCVD today. The choice of the right substrate or the right protective coating in the specific machining operation can have serious impact on machining productivity and economy. In many cases the deposition of the cutting tool with a hard coating increases considerably it

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Buchwalder, Anja, Erik Zaulig, Rolf Zenker, and Jürgen Liebich. "PVD Hard Coatings for High Loaded Al Alloys – Potentials and Limitations." Materials Science Forum 828-829 (August 2015): 334–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.828-829.334.

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PVD hard coating is a well-known surface treatment technology for steels to improve wear resistance and, to some extent, corrosion resistance. In principle, hard coating can be carried out for Al alloys, but due to the natural oxide layer and the insufficient load-bearing capacity of the soft base material, the application of this technology for wear protection of components is not regarded as being particularly promising. The research activities described in this paper focused on electron beam (EB) surface alloying with a Co-based additive, and the influence of two different hardness levels (

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Venugopal, A., J. Srinath, P. Ramesh Narayanan, S. C. Sharma, and Koshy M. George. "Corrosion and Multi-Scale Mechanical Behaviour of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) and Hard Anodized (HA) Coatings on AA 2219 Aluminum Alloy." Materials Science Forum 830-831 (September 2015): 627–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.830-831.627.

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The electrochemical corrosion and mechanical properties of ceramic coatings fabricated by plasma electrolytic coating (PEO) and hard anodizing (HA) methods comparatively examined for AA2219. Potentiodynamic polarization results revealed that the corrosion resistance of both coatings are comparable to each other. However, the indentation and scratch testing indicated that the hardness and modulus of the PEO coating was significantly higher when compared to HA coating. The critical load (Lc2) causing adhesive failure of the PEO coating was much high (19N) when compared to HA coating (10N) showin

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Wang, Xiao He, Bin Shi Xu, Zhen Feng Hu, and Shi Yun Dong. "Microstructure and Performance of Nano-Al₂O₃/Ni-Co Composite Coatings by Electro-Brush Plating." Advanced Materials Research 482-484 (February 2012): 2371–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.482-484.2371.

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To remanufacture hard chromium-plated workpiece, nano-Al2O3/Ni-Co composite coatings and Ni-Co alloy coatings are developed using electric brush plating technology. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) are used to analyze the surface morphology, phase structure and wear properties of coatings. The surface morphology of nano-composite coating is more compact. The nano-particles are well-distributed in the coating and bounded tightly with the substrate. The hardness of composite coating is HV1027, increased approximately 38% compared with Ni-Co alloy coat

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Shi, Bai Jun, Yuan Ping Peng, Si Chi Wu, and Hang Li. "Research on Microstructure and Tribological Properties of Cr-Based Hard Coatings." Advanced Materials Research 811 (September 2013): 126–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.811.126.

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In this paper, three kinds of Cr-based hard coatings have been studied for its structural, mechanical and tribological properties at room temperature. By the technology of closed field unbalanced magnetron sputter ion plating (CFUMSIP), CrN CrAlN and CrTiAlN hard coatings were deposited onto DC53 cold die steel and silicon (100) substrate. The coatings were characterized by means of field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), microhardness tester, optical microscope and ball-on-disc tribometer, in order to check their structural, as well as to determine the

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15

Castanho, José M., and M. Teresa Vieira. "Laminated Composite Thin Films: A Solution to Improve Cutting Tools Performance." Materials Science Forum 514-516 (May 2006): 1171–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.514-516.1171.

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In cutting applications hard thin films of coated tools are expected to be wear and oxidation resistants, and with strong adhesion to the substrate. Due to the high loads involved in the contacts, the main efforts must be supported by the substrate and it is supposed that the coatings follow their elasto-plastic deformation, with a subsequent delay of the crack propagation. The commercial thin films used for these applications are generally monolithic and homogeneous or heterogenous(chemical compositional gradient up-down). Even the nanostructured coatings will perform under these loads as mon

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16

Li, Shu Hua, Fu Chi Wang, Yu Jun Yin, Run Ze Yang, and Cheng Wen Tan. "Tribological Performance of Ultra-Hard Ceramic Composite Coatings Obtained through the Microplasma Oxidation." Key Engineering Materials 368-372 (February 2008): 1271–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.368-372.1271.

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Ceramic oxidation coating of approximately 60 m thick was prepared on a Ly12 alloy substrate by micro-plasma oxidation in an alkali-silicate electrolytic solution. Coating thickness was measured during coating formation. The influence of current density, electrolyte temperature and inter-electrode distance on coating kinetics was investigated. Microstructure and phase compositions were analyzed. The micro-hardness of the coating was also measured. The tribological performance of the coatings was evaluated using a dry sand abrasion test. In addition, the results are compared to detonationspraye

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17

Guo, Yong. "Contact Stress Analysis of Hard Coating Rolling Bearing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (September 2014): 90–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.90.

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Take large-scale general finite element software ANSYS as the analysis tool and the cylindrical roller bearing as the research object, we establish the ideal contact numerical model of roller and analyze the Hertz contact stress. That calculation results of the ideal model are correspond to that of the finite element verifies the correctness of the finite element analysis method. In this paper, we establish the model of cylindrical roller bearing with coating, studying the distribution of contact stress in coatings with different thickness and analyzing the effect of coatings.

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Zhang, Xiao, Min Qian, Yu Chan Liu, and Hong Xie. "Room Temperature Processed Hard Easy Clean Coating Using Ammonia Treatment." Key Engineering Materials 447-448 (September 2010): 740–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.447-448.740.

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In this paper we report the fabrication of hydrophobic hard coatings using sol-gel processing and cured at room temperature by an ammonia-assisted process. The coating thickness can be tuned from several hundreds of nanometer to several microns. These coatings show both high transparency (better than PMMA or glass substrates) and high hardness (pencil hardness 2H-4H on PMMA). The coatings are very smooth with surface roughness Ra less than 2 nm for coatings with different thicknesses from 200 nm to 2 m. The water contact angle (WCA) of the coating is about 115 to 120o and the sliding angle fo

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19

Assurin, Siti Rozakiyah, Paul Mativenga, Fatema Rajab, Kevin Cooke, and Susan Field. "Laser de-coating of hard DLC coatings from tungsten carbide cutting tool." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 235, no. 1-2 (2020): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954405420962389.

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Laser irradiation de-coating is a promising new approach for effective coating removal of cutting tools. While this method has demonstrated feasibility for conventional coatings, its use and efficacy on lubricant coating is however yet to be ascertained. This paper reports on the results of excimer laser de-coating of hard DLC from DLC-coated tungsten carbide (WC) substrates. A range of fluence and pulse was studied to evaluate the effectiveness of the de-coating process. Result shows that laser parameters of 7 J/cm2 fluence, 400 pulse and 25 Hz frequency were found to yield optimum results in

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Brezinová, Janette, Anna Guzanová, Dagmar Draganovská, Pavlo O. Maruschak, and Mariana Landová. "Study of Selected Properties of Thermally Sprayed Coatings Containing WC and WB Hard Particles." Acta Mechanica et Automatica 10, no. 4 (2016): 296–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ama-2016-0046.

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Abstract The paper presents results of research of the essential characteristics of two kinds of advanced coatings applied by HVOF technology. One studied coating: WB-WC-Co (60-30-10%) contains two types of hard particles (WC and WB), the second coating is eco-friendly alternative to the previously used WC-based coatings, called “green carbides” with the composition WC-FeCrAl (85-15%). In green carbides coating the heavy metals (Co, Ni, NiCr) forming the binding matrix in conventional wear-resistant coatings are replaced by more environmentally friendly matrix based on FeCrAl alloy. On the coa

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Perrusquia, N. López, M. Antonio Doñu Ruiz, E. Y. Vargas Oliva, and V. Cortez Suarez. "Diffusion of Hard Coatings on Ductile Cast Iron." MRS Proceedings 1481 (2012): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2012.1638.

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ABSTRACTThis work estimate the growth kinetics of Fe2B coatings created on surface nodular cast iron ASTM A-536 class 80-56-06. The Fe2B coatings were formed by power packaging boriding process, considering three temperatures and exposure times different treatment. The hard coatings were evaluated through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The model of diffusion employs the mass balance equation at the (Fe2B/substrate) interface to evaluate the boron diffusion coefficient in the Fe2B coating DFe2B, an expression of the parabolic growth constant, the instantaneous v

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Bao, Yi Wang, V. T. Bublik, Jow Lay Huang, and R. H. Sung. "Evaluating Mechanical Properties of Hard Coatings by Using Relativity Method." Key Engineering Materials 313 (July 2006): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.313.53.

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Mechanical properties of coatings are usually affected by the substrate behavior and the thickness of the coating. The film on a substrate can’t be tested like a monolithic sample. Therefore, the absolute value of the mechanical properties of the film is often difficult to obtain, but the properties of a coated sample and a monolithic sample could be measured, and there must be a unique relation between them. Based on this consideration, a relativity method was proposed to evaluate the mechanical properties of coatings, including the hardness, elastic modulus. Satisfactory results have been ob

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Zhai, Jingyu, Yugang Chen, Xinyuan Song, Hongchun Wu, and Qingkai Han. "Identification of the Anisotropic Elastic Parameters of NiCrAlY Coating by Combining Nanoindentation and Finite Element Method." Shock and Vibration 2019 (June 2, 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9034750.

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For vibration damping, coatings are prepared on surface of the structures (substrates), which constitute the coating-substrate composite structures. Elastic parameters of the coating are indispensable for the vibration and damping analysis of the composite structure. Due to the small scale of coating thickness and elastic difference compared with the substrate, the identification results are inevitably influenced by the existence of substrate. Moreover, resulting from the preparation process, elastic properties of hard coating often exhibit anisotropic properties. All the above factors bring a

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Brezinová, Janette, Anna Guzanová, Dagmar Draganovská, and Jozef Bronček. "Quality Evaluation of HVOF Coatings on the Basis of WC-Co in Tribocorrosive Conditions." Materials Science Forum 811 (December 2014): 63–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.811.63.

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Article deals with analysis of production and characteristics of ceramic coatings applied using HVOF technology. It presents the results of research focused on quality evaluation of HVOF coatings on the basis of WC-Co and impact of Boron Nitride protective layer. HVOF coatings were exposed to hard tribocorrosive conditions. For determining of corrosive resistance of coatings 1M solution of NaCl, potentiodynamic tests and accelerated salt spray test were used. Experiment confirmed that using of Boron Nitride protective coating clearly improves corrosive resistance of the coating on the basis of

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Qi, Yu Hong, Zhan Ping Zhang, Yan Zhang, and Mei Miao. "Topography and Wettability of Waterborne Polyurethane Coatings with Varying Amounts of Hard Segments." Advanced Materials Research 634-638 (January 2013): 3033–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.634-638.3033.

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Topography and wettability plays an important role to fouling release performance of a coating. Surface morphology and water contact angles (WCA) depending on time of three waterborne polyurethane (WPU) coatings were studied by laser scanning microscope and optical contact angle meter. The results show that WPU coatings with low hard segment content are consisted of hard segment domains, soft segment domains and crack-like non-cohesive regions. With increasing hard segment content, nanostructured micro-phase separated topography is easier to forming, and crack-like non-cohesive regions is redu

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Konstantiniuk, Fabian, Michael Tkadletz, Christoph Czettl та Nina Schalk. "Fracture Properties of α– and ĸ–Al2O3 Hard Coatings Deposited by Chemical Vapor Deposition". Coatings 11, № 11 (2021): 1359. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11111359.

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Although α– and κ–Al2O3 hard coatings deposited by chemical vapor deposition are well established in the metal-cutting industry for their ability to increase the performance and lifetime of cutting tools, the literature on their fracture properties is scarce. Thus, within this study, the microstructure and mechanical properties of α– and κ–Al2O3 coatings were investigated and compared to each other. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy combined with electron backscatter diffraction showed that both coatings exhibited a fiber texture, where the α-Al2O3 coating displayed a (0001) t

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Sun, Yong, Cheng Lu, Hai Liang Yu, et al. "Deformation Behavior and Wear Resistance of Hard TiCN and TiCN/Ti Coatings on Ti6Al4V Alloy." Advanced Materials Research 939 (May 2014): 451–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.939.451.

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Monolayer titanium carbide nitride (TiCN) and multilayer TiCN reinforced titanium (Ti) are coated on the surface of Ti6Al4V alloy by Filtered Arc Deposition System (FADS). Surface chemical composition has been characterized by an X-ray diffraction (XRD). Wear resistance of TiCN coating and TiCN/Ti coating have been detected by hommel tester T1000. Hardness and deformation mechanisms of the multilayer coatings are investigated using depth-sensing indentation comparison with the monolayer TiCN coatings. Focused Ion Beam (FIB) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) are used to identify the fr

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Tay, See Leng, Pratik Jadhav, and Chris Goode. "Hard Chrome Replacement with Cirrus Doped Electroless Nickel Coatings." Key Engineering Materials 893 (July 20, 2021): 105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.893.105.

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The intrinsic hardness, high abrasive wear resistance, and corrosion properties of hard chrome coatings have resulted in their wide industrial application. However, chrome plating involves hazards associated with chrome 6+ which affect human health and drive the need to identify viable alternatives. This study investigated the addition of Cirrus alumina Dopant™ to a low phosphorus electroless nickel bath to evaluate the performance of the resulting nanocomposite coating as a potential replacement for hard chrome. A comprehensive comparison for the performance of coatings for alumina doped elec

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Saarna, Mart, Liina Lind, Priidu Peetsalu, and Fjodor Sergejev. "Cyclic Loading of TiCN Coating by Vickers Indentation." Key Engineering Materials 721 (December 2016): 425–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.721.425.

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Physical Vapour Deposited (PVD) coatings are used in wide range of industrial applications where requirements differ. For example, in cutting applications adhesive-abrasive wear along with high contact stresses prevail and PVD coating with thickness of ~2 μm are used. In forming applications adhesive wear usually dominates and relatively thick PVD coatings (~5 μm) are preferred. For both the applications coatings are subjected to cyclic stress and therefore it is a point of interest to learn the behaviour of PVD coatings with different thickness under cyclic loading. Cracking resistance and fa

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Kakanakov, Roumen, H. Bahchedjiev, Lilyana Kolaklieva, et al. "Investigation of ZrN Hard Coatings Obtained by Cathodic Arc Evaporation." Solid State Phenomena 159 (January 2010): 113–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.159.113.

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Zirconium nitrides (ZrN) coatings have shown better quality in comparison to titanium nitrides (TiN) ones regarding the application in the mechanical processing of aluminum and titanium alloys. This work presents the results from investigation on properties of ZrN-based coatings intended for industrial application. The ZrN and ZrTiN hard coatings in a thickness of (3 5) m were obtained on stainless steel substrates by cathodic arc evaporation method. The coating hardness in the range of 25-32 GPa was evaluated using the Vickers measurement technique. The coating properties were studied in rel

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Krokhalev, A. V., O. A. Avdeyuk, K. V. Prikhod’kov, A. N. Savkin, S. V. Kuz’min, and V. I. Lysak. "Explosive coating with hard alloys." Russian Engineering Research 34, no. 2 (2014): 85–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1068798x14020099.

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Gadhari, Prasanna, and Prasanta Sahoo. "Electroless Nickel-Phosphorus Composite Coatings." International Journal of Manufacturing, Materials, and Mechanical Engineering 6, no. 1 (2016): 14–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijmmme.2016010102.

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Electroless nickel composite coatings possess excellent mechanical and tribological properties such as, hardness, wear and corrosion resistance. Composite coatings can easily be coated not only on electrically conductive materials but also on non-conductive materials like as fabrics, plastics, rubber, etc. This review emphasizes on the development of electroless nickel composite coatings by incorporating different types of hard/soft particles (micro/nano size) in the electroless Ni-P matrix to improve the mechanical and tribological properties of the coatings. The preparation of electroless ba

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Sokolov, A. G., and E. E. Bobylyov. "Diffusion Saturation by Titanium from Liquid-Metal Media as Way to Increase Carbide-Tipped Tool Life." Solid State Phenomena 265 (September 2017): 181–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.265.181.

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The analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of the existing technologies aimed at improving the performance properties of carbide-tipped tools is presented. The results of studies into the process of diffusion metallization by titanium of a carbide-tipped tool TK type from the media of fusible liquid-metal solutions is given. The influence of titanium diffusion coatings on the durability of carbide tools is investigated. A method of providing formation on hard alloys for wear-resistant titanium high-quality functional coatings is described. The thickness of the coating varies depending on the

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Koinkar, V. N., and B. Bhushan. "Microtribological properties of hard amorphous carbon protective coatings for thin-film magnetic disks and heads." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology 211, no. 4 (1997): 365–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/1350650971542552.

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For long durability of magnetic media and head sliders, protective overcoats of hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C:H) are generally used. In this study, microtribological studies of hydrogenated amorphous carbon coatings deposited on a single-crystal silicon using three different deposition techniques—sputtering, ion beam and cathodic arc—were studied using atomic force/friction force microscopy (AFM/FFM). Roughnesses of all coatings at two scan sizes of 1 μm × 1 μm and 10 μm × 10 μm are comparable. Surface topography of sputtered carbon coating shows some particulates on the surface. Cathodic

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Kukareko, Vladimir, Vasile Agafii, Valentin Mihailov, Aleksandr Grigorchic, and Natalia Kazak. "Evaluation of Tribological Properties of Hard Coatings Obtained on Steel C45 by Electro-Spark Alloying." Key Engineering Materials 813 (July 2019): 381–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.813.381.

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It was shown that under dry contact conditions, under normal load of to 2 MPa, all coatings demonstrated a significant increase in wear resistance compared to that of the substrate. However, among them, the Mo coating showed the highest wear resistance: ~20 times higher than that of the uncoated steel. That was caused not only by the Mo high microhardness and the lowest initial roughness, but also by the structure of this coating. Meanwhile, the Ti + SiC samples displayed the highest microhardness among investigated coatings. A correlation was established between the microhardness of the coati

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Sun, Wei, Ying Liu, and Guangyu Du. "Analytical Modeling of Hard-Coating Cantilever Composite Plate considering the Material Nonlinearity of Hard Coating." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/978392.

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Due to the material nonlinearity of hard coating, the coated structure produces the nonlinear dynamical behaviors of variable stiffness and damping, which make the modeling of hard-coating composite structure become a challenging task. In this study, the polynomial was adopted to characterize this material nonlinearity and an analytical modeling method was developed for the hard-coating composite plate. Firstly, to relate the hard-coating material parameters obtained by test and the analytical model, the expression of equivalent strain of composite plate was derived. Then, the analytical model

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Zarchi, Meysam, Sharokh Ahangarani, and Maryam Zare Sanjari. "The role of PECVD hard coatings on the performance of industrial tools." Metallurgical and Materials Engineering 20, no. 1 (2014): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/metmateng1401015z.

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The advantages of the application of hard coatings, which are well knownfor cutting tools, are to a much lesser extent explored for casting, extrusion, molding and forming tools. Increasing the lifetime of these tools is an important task in surface engineering because of complex loading conditionsand often complicated tool geometry. The plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) technique is well suited to deposit hard coatings onto large dies and moulds. The aim of this study was to discuss deposition processes suitable for coating of the often large three-dimensional molds and dies u

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Podgornik, Bojan, Marko Sedlaček, Borut Žužek, and Agnieszka Guštin. "Properties of Tool Steels and Their Importance When Used in a Coated System." Coatings 10, no. 3 (2020): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10030265.

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The introduction of new light-weight high-strength materials, which are difficult to form, increases demands on tool properties, including load-carrying capacity and wear resistance. Tool properties can be improved by the deposition of hard coatings but proper combination and optimization of the substrate properties are required to prepare the tool for coating application. The aim of this paper is to elaborate on tool steel substrate properties correlations, including hardness, fracture toughness, strength and surface quality and how these substrate properties influence on the coating performa

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Zhang, Chen, He, and Yang. "Fatigue and Mechanical Behavior of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy with CrN and TiN Coating Deposited by Magnetic Filtered Cathodic Vacuum Arc Process." Coatings 9, no. 10 (2019): 689. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings9100689.

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Coatings of 3 μm CrN and TiN were prepared by a magnetic filtered cathodic vacuum arc process (MFCVA) on Ti-6Al-4V substrates, respectively. Rotating bending tests and uniaxial tests were conducted for investigating the effect of the thin and uniformly distributed hard CrN and TiN coatings on the fatigue and mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V substrate. During both tests, no coating spallation phenomenon was observed, which indicated that the hard coating bound well with the substrate. The fatigue test results showed that the fatigue strength of the coated sample was decreased in both the low-

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Chung, Yip-Wah, and William D. Sproul. "Superhard Coating Materials." MRS Bulletin 28, no. 3 (2003): 164–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2003.56.

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Abstract“Superhard” coating materials are defined by hardness values that exceed 40 GPa. In this issue of MRS Bulletin, we focus on noncarbon-based superhard coatings, with the exception of a review of carbon nitride (CN) materials. Nanometer-scale multilayered nitride coatings were the first to show the superhard property, and these coatings have quickly made their way into industry as protective coatings for cutting-tool operations. Nanocomposite thin films also exhibit superhardness, and some of these materials have hardnesses approaching that of diamond. Cubic boron nitride (c-BN), which i

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Li, Xue Lei, Xiao Hang Liu, Hao Bin Tian, and Wen Jing Yuan. "Experimental Research on Hard and Crack-Free Electrodeposited Chromium Coatings." Advanced Materials Research 1044-1045 (October 2014): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1044-1045.47.

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In order to eliminate cracks in the chromium coating, a novel method named flexible extrusion assisted chromium electroplating was proposed. The bright and crack-free chromium coatings were electrodeposited by using the perturbation and extrusion of hard and insulating particles. The prepared deposits were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and three-dimensional topography. The testing results showed that the surface was very smooth and there was no micro cracks in the coating. Micro hardness of the electrodeposited layer was also tested. It was confirmed that the chromium coa

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KRUPA, Jolanta, Grzegorz WIĄZANIA, Sławomir ZIMOWSKI, and Marcin KOT. "THE INFLUENCE OF THE MULTILAYER STRUCTURE OF HARD COATINGS ON THEIR RESISTANCE TO MICRO-IMPACT FATIGUE WEAR." Tribologia 290, no. 2 (2020): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.3738.

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Fatigue cracking of thin hard anti-wear coatings occurs, among others, in the tribological contact of sliding friction pairs, in the top layers of cutting tools coatings, as well as in the surface of elements subjected to erosion processes. Coating fatigue wear is initiated as a result of cyclic interactions with micro-roughness of counterpart or other elements or particles that repeatedly impact the surface. The selection of appropriate coatings can increase the durability of machine components that are subjected to fatigue impact loads. The paper presents the results of tests on micro-impact

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Chitanov, V., St Kolchev, T. Cholakova, et al. "Low temperature quaternary hard coatings with Cr- to Ti-based transition composition." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2240, no. 1 (2022): 012014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2240/1/012014.

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Abstract A new quaternary hard coating based on Cr/CrN adhesion layers and a TiCrAlN main coating layer was developed for low-temperature applications. It was deposited in a closed-field unbalanced magnetron sputtering equipment. The nanohardness, adhesion and thickness of the coating were characterized by Anton Paar’s nano-indenter tester, scratch tester and calotester. The chemical composition and surface morphology were investigated by a Hitachi SU 500 scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy dispersion analyzer. The coating showed a low coefficient of friction and a good adhesi

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Panjan, Peter, Aljaž Drnovšek, Pal Terek, Aleksandar Miletić, Miha Čekada, and Matjaž Panjan. "Comparative Study of Tribological Behavior of TiN Hard Coatings Deposited by Various PVD Deposition Techniques." Coatings 12, no. 3 (2022): 294. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12030294.

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In this paper, we present a comparative study of tribological properties of TiN coatings deposited by low-voltage electron beam evaporation, magnetron sputtering and cathodic arc deposition. The correlation of tribological behavior of these coatings with their intrinsic properties and friction condition was studied. The influence of surface topography and the surrounding atmosphere was analyzed in more detail. We limited ourselves to the investigation of tribological processes that take place in the initial phase of the sliding test (the first 1000 cycles). A significant difference in the init

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Nguyen, Huu Chien, Zdeněk Joska, Zdeněk Pokorný, et al. "Effect of Boron and Vanadium Addition on Friction-Wear Properties of the Coating AlCrN for Special Applications." Materials 14, no. 16 (2021): 4651. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14164651.

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Cutting tools have long been coated with an AlCrN hard coating system that has good mechanical and tribological qualities. Boron (B) and vanadium (V) additions to AlCrN coatings were studied for their mechanical and tribological properties. Cathodic multi-arc evaporation was used to successfully manufacture the AlCrBN and AlCrVN coatings. These multicomponent coatings were applied to the untreated and plasma-nitrided surfaces of HS6-5-2 and H13 steels, respectively. Nanoindentation and Vickers micro-hardness tests were used to assess the mechanical properties of the materials. Ball-on-flat wea

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Wang, Li Ping, Hao Dong Luo, and Yan Mei Cui. "Analysis of Contact Stress on Coating Based upon Hertz Theory." Applied Mechanics and Materials 155-156 (February 2012): 133–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.155-156.133.

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It is necessary to study the mechanics performance of thin coating, which composite the prerequisite of coating’s application. The contact stresses are important factors for the design of hard coating/substrate because the failure of the hard coating is usually caused by these stresses. The finite element method is applied to simulate the stress of coating with contact load based on Hertz contact theory. The accuracy of model was initially tested in systems without a film. The contact stresses have been calculated based on various coating/substrate modulus ratios and the coating thickness. Res

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Laszlo, Noemi. "Investigation of Adhesion Behaviour of Different Underlayered DLC Coated Cold Forming Tool Steel." U.Porto Journal of Engineering 7, no. 2 (2021): 60–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.24840/2183-6493_007.002_0008.

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Mono- and multilayer coatings can be suitable alternatives to traditional bulk materials due to their favorable mechanical properties. Thanks to the ever-evolving coating technology and process, there are a wide variety of coating types today, such as soft, hard, or super-hard coatings that can be made with single or multilayer coatings. Adhesion and damage to coatings is especially important for coated tools, where damage to the coating can reduce tool life and result in deterioration of the surface quality of the product. The coatings were characterized by Calotest layer thickness meas

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Lee, Jung Min, Dae Cheol Ko, and Byung Min Kim. "Evaluation of Adhesive Properties of Arc PVD Coatings on Non-Nitrided and Nitrided Various Substrates." Key Engineering Materials 340-341 (June 2007): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.340-341.77.

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This paper was designed to assess the adhesive properties of hard coatings made by physical vapor depositions on various substrates (AISI D2, AISI H-13 and M2) with and without an intermediate nitrided layer. An estimation of adhesion was carried out using the scratch test, where adhesion is measured by the critical load (Lc). This value was determined as the normal force affecting the indenter and causing the coating detachment as well as the acoustic emission signal containing the information on the extent of coating damage. The scratch track after the scratch test was also examined with an

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Nadeem, Irfan, Aamir Nusair Khan, and Anjum Tauqir. "A Quick and Accurate Method to Determine Submicron Size Coating Thickness Using Micro-Indentation along with a Mathematical Model." Key Engineering Materials 875 (February 2021): 286–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.875.286.

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Hard and adherent wear-resistant thin surface coatings are synthesized on an aerospace alloy AA2219-T6 alloy using plasma-assisted physical vapor deposition. Submicron size TiN coatings with Ti interlayers are deposited and evaluated as a function of different deposition temperatures varying from 100 °C to 200 °C. Features of deposited surface layers are evaluated using different techniques; these include field emission scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Mathematical models developed by Yu. A. Bykov and S. Hogmark are considered to

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Mishra, Suman Kumari. "Toughening of nanocomposite hard coatings." REVIEWS ON ADVANCED MATERIALS SCIENCE 59, no. 1 (2020): 553–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rams-2020-0049.

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AbstractFor engineering applications, hardness must be complimented with high toughness for applications where high contact loads are there. A good combination of hardness, toughness and low coefficient of friction can be achieved, by suitable tailoring of microstructures of coating in hard nanocomposite coatings. Tribologocal applications require hard coatings with tailored functionalities for different applications; hard nanocomposite coatings are potential materials for such applications. Ti and amorphous carbon based systems have shown more promising material. The present review discusses

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