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Journal articles on the topic 'Hard rock pillar'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 26 October 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Jessu, Kashi, Anthony Spearing, and Mostafa Sharifzadeh. "A Parametric Study of Blast Damage on Hard Rock Pillar Strength." Energies 11, no. 7 (2018): 1901. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11071901.

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Pillar stability is an important factor for safe working and from an economic standpoint in underground mines. This paper discusses the effect of blast damage on the strength of hard rock pillars using numerical models through a parametric study. The results indicate that blast damage has a significant impact on the strength of pillars with larger width-to-height (W/H) ratios. The blast damage causes softening of the rock at the pillar boundaries leading to the yielding of the pillars in brittle fashion beyond the blast damage zones. The models show that the decrease in pillar strength as a co

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2

Kamran, Muhammad, Waseem Chaudhry, Blessing Olamide Taiwo, Shahab Hosseini, and Hafeezur Rehman. "Decision Intelligence-Based Predictive Modelling of Hard Rock Pillar Stability Using K-Nearest Neighbour Coupled with Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithm." Processes 12, no. 4 (2024): 783. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr12040783.

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Pillar stability is of paramount importance in ensuring the safety of underground rock engineering structures. The stability of pillars directly influences the structural integrity of the mine and mitigates the risk of collapses or accidents. Therefore, assessing pillar stability is crucial for safe, productive, reliable, and profitable underground mining engineering processes. This study developed the application of decision intelligence-based predictive modelling of hard rock pillar stability in underground engineering structures using K-Nearest Neighbour coupled with the grey wolf optimizat

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3

Theron, W. J., and D. F. Malan. "Pillar design and the associated mining engineering constraints in hard rock bord-and-pillar mines." Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy 124, no. 11 (2024): 631–44. https://doi.org/10.17159/2411-9717/3413/2024.

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Practical mining aspects should be considered when conducting pillar designs for bord-and-pillar layouts. The current methodology for pillar design will result in increasing pillar sizes with depth. This affects the extraction ratio and will result in onerous ventilation requirements when cutting large pillars. A holistic approach, including all mining engineering requirements, is required to ensure that the rock engineering designs are optimized to ensure efficient mining operations and sustainable production. Bord widths should not only be a function of the rock mass ratings, but should also

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4

Xie, Xuebin, and Huaxi Zhang. "Research on Hard Rock Pillar Stability Prediction Based on SABO-LSSVM Model." Applied Sciences 14, no. 17 (2024): 7733. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14177733.

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The increase in mining depth necessitates higher strength requirements for hard rock pillars, making mine pillar stability analysis crucial for pillar design and underground safety operations. To enhance the accuracy of predicting the stability state of mine pillars, a prediction model based on the subtraction-average-based optimizer (SABO) for hyperparameter optimization of the least-squares support vector machine (LSSVM) is proposed. First, by analyzing the redundancy of features in the mine pillar dataset and conducting feature selection, five parameter combinations were constructed to exam

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5

Korzeniowski, W. "Rheological model of hard rock pillar." Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering 24, no. 3 (1991): 155–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01042859.

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6

Xu, Huawei, Derek B. Apel, Jun Wang, Chong Wei, and Krzysztof Skrzypkowski. "Investigation and Stability Assessment of Three Sill Pillar Recovery Schemes in a Hard Rock Mine." Energies 15, no. 10 (2022): 3797. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15103797.

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In Canada, many mines have adopted the sublevel stoping method, such a blasthole stoping (BHS), to extract steeply deposited minerals. Sill pillars are usually kept in place in this mining method to support the weight of the overburden in underground mining. To prolong the mine’s life, sill pillars will be recovered, and sill pillar recovery could cause failures, fatality, and equipment loss in the stopes. In this paper, three sill pillar recovery schemes—SBS, SS1, and SS2—were proposed and conducted to assess the feasibility of recovering two sill pillars in a hard rock mine by developing a f

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7

Ile, D., and D. F. Malan. "A study of backfill confinement to reinforce pillars in bord-and-pillar layouts." Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy 123, no. 5 (2023): 223–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2411-9717/2452/2023.

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This study explores the use of backfill in hard rock bord-and-pillar mines to increase the pillar strength and extraction ratio at depth. The use of backfill will also minimize the requirement for tailings storage on surface and the risk of environmental damage. A literature survey indicated that backfill is extensively used in coal mines, but rarely in hard rock bord-and-pillar mines. To simulate the effect of backfill confinement on pillar strength, an extension of the limit equilibrium model is proposed. Numerical modelling of an actual platinum mine layout is used to illustrate the benefic

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8

Ma, Hai Tao, and Jin An Wang. "Dynamic Simulation Method for Hard-Rock Pillar Failure in Open-Stope Goaf." Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (May 2014): 4055–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.4055.

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An attempt to simulate the cascading pillar collapse is made in this paper for a quick evaluation of a large number of mined-out area data that have been collected throughout China. Pillar collapse, load transfer and load redistribution are modeled by the area-apportioned method, and this methodology is general in sense and has been implemented in the expert system developed by the authors as an independent module. The proposed method can provide a quantitative criterion for determination of the failure pattern and identification of the key pillars in the stability analysis of the mined-out ar

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9

Napier, J. A. L., and D. F. Malan. "Numerical simulation of large-scale pillar-layouts." Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy 123, no. 5 (2023): 203–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2411-9717/2451/2023.

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A number of shallow coal or hard rock mines employ pillar mining systems as a strategy for roof failure control. In certain platinum mine layouts, pillars are designed to 'crush' in a stable manner as they become loaded in the panel back area. The correct sizing of pillars demands some knowledge of the pillar strength and the overall layout stress distribution. It is particularly important to understand the impact of the layout geometry on the effective regional 'stiffness' of the rock mass around each pillar. An important design strategy is to model relatively detailed layout configurations w

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10

Liu, Jiangwei, Changyou Liu, and Xuehua Li. "Determination of fracture location of double-sided directional fracturing pressure relief for hard roof of large upper goaf-side coal pillars." Energy Exploration & Exploitation 38, no. 1 (2019): 111–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0144598719884701.

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After mining the upper-goaf side, large coal pillars and part of hard roof exposed above the pillars remain. The hard roof can significantly deform the roadway by transferring high stress through coal pillars to the roadway. This paper reports the use of hydraulic fracturing technology to cut the hard roof on both sides (i.e. the broken roof slides to the goaf) to relieve the pressure. The position of the roof fracture is the key to controlling the pressure relief. The bearing characteristics of the large coal pillars and hard roof are analyzed to establish a mechanical model of the broken-roo

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11

Liang, Weizhang, Suizhi Luo, Guoyan Zhao, and Hao Wu. "Predicting Hard Rock Pillar Stability Using GBDT, XGBoost, and LightGBM Algorithms." Mathematics 8, no. 5 (2020): 765. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math8050765.

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Predicting pillar stability is a vital task in hard rock mines as pillar instability can cause large-scale collapse hazards. However, it is challenging because the pillar stability is affected by many factors. With the accumulation of pillar stability cases, machine learning (ML) has shown great potential to predict pillar stability. This study aims to predict hard rock pillar stability using gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), and light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM) algorithms. First, 236 cases with five indicators were collected from seven hard

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12

Liu, Wenjie, Ke Yang, Xiang He, Zhainan Zhang, and Rijie Xu. "Mechanism and Control Technology of Rockburst Induced by Thick Hard Roof and Residual Coal Pillar: A Case Study." Geofluids 2023 (February 9, 2023): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/3523592.

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Rockburst caused by the fracture of thick hard roof and the instantaneous instability of residual coal pillar seriously jeopardize the deep coal mining safety. This study takes Boertai Coal Mine, Shendong, China, as the engineering background, in which dynamic instability mechanisms of the gob-side roadway surrounding rock are analyzed by integrating field research, theoretical analysis, and numerical simulation. The results show that the overlying residual coal pillar, side abutment pressures, and front abutment pressures together induce high static stresses in the surrounding rock of the gob

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13

Maritz, J. A., and D. F. Malan. "A study of the effect of pillar shape on pillar strength." Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy 123, no. 5 (2023): 235–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2411-9717/2473/2023.

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Pillar strength is affected by pillar shape, but this has largely been ignored in past research studies. Bord-and-pillar layouts are typically designed using empirical strength equations developed for square pillars. Owing to the poor quality of pillar cutting, many hard-rock pillars have an irregular shape and it is not clear how this affects pillar strength. Furthermore, the strength of rectangular pillars in comparison with square pillars is also difficult to quantify. The 'perimeter rule' is widely adopted for rectangular pillars, but its applicability for pillars with irregular shapes has

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14

Shen, Wen-long, Wen-bing Guo, Hua Nan, Chun Wang, Yi Tan, and Fa-qiang Su. "Experiment on Mine Ground Pressure of Stiff Coal-Pillar Entry Retaining under the Activation Condition of Hard Roof." Advances in Civil Engineering 2018 (October 18, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2629871.

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In mining excavation, the retained entry with stiff coal pillar is situated in the strong mine ground pressure. Influenced by mining abutment stress and dynamic stress (the vibration signal) induced from the hard roof activation, the retained entry may be subjected to roof separation, supporting body failure, severe floor heave, and even roof collapse. Based on a 2D physical model, an experimental method with plane-stress conditions was used to simulate the mechanical behavior of the rock strata during mining. In this experiment, three monitoring systems were adopted to reveal the characterist

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15

Oates, T. E., and D. F. Malan. "A study of UG2 pillar strength using a new pillar database." Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy 123, no. 5 (2023): 265–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2411-9717/2656/2023.

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A recent experimental pillar extraction project at a UG2 bord-and-pillar mine presented a unique opportunity to compile a new pillar database. Currently, the South African hard rock bord-and-pillar mines are designed using the Hedley and Grant formula with a modified K-value. This empirically derived formula was developed for uranium mines in the Elliot Lake district of Canada. The use of this formula for the design of pillars in South Africa is questionable. Very few pillar failures have nevertheless been observed and its current calibrations for the various reef types are possibly too conser

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16

Gu, Shitan, Huaixu Chen, Wenshuai Li, Bangyou Jiang, and Xiang Chen. "Study on Occurrence Mechanism and Prevention Technology of Rock Burst in Narrow Coal Pillar Working Face under Large Mining Depth." Sustainability 14, no. 22 (2022): 15435. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142215435.

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This paper presents a collaborative control scheme involving “unloading-solidifying” to prevent rock bursts during narrow pillar recovery at large mining depths. In this study, the stress distribution rule of coal rock mass during the excavation and mining process is studied, and the energy accumulation characteristics of the overlying hard and thick roof structure are investigated. In this way, the rock burst inducing mechanism of the narrow coal pillar working face under complex conditions is investigated. The results show that the peak lateral bearing pressure of the goaf and the maximum ho

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17

Liu, Xiaoyu, Manchao He, Jiong Wang, and Zimin Ma. "Research on Non-Pillar Coal Mining for Thick and Hard Conglomerate Roof." Energies 14, no. 2 (2021): 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14020299.

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This article introduces a new non-pillar coal mining technology (i.e., Gob-side Entry Retaining by Roof Cutting (GERRC)) under the condition of thick and hard roofs. First, we theoretically analyzed the solution to the large suspension span of the thick and hard roof in coal mining. Three-Zone pre-split blasting design in non-pillar coal mining for thick and hard roofs was proposed, based on the principles of rock mechanics. After field experiments, the technology was successfully applied to the non-pillar coal mining of a huge thick conglomerate roof. This research supplements the non-pillar

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18

Liu, Xiaoyu, Manchao He, Jiong Wang, and Zimin Ma. "Research on Non-Pillar Coal Mining for Thick and Hard Conglomerate Roof." Energies 14, no. 2 (2021): 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14020299.

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This article introduces a new non-pillar coal mining technology (i.e., Gob-side Entry Retaining by Roof Cutting (GERRC)) under the condition of thick and hard roofs. First, we theoretically analyzed the solution to the large suspension span of the thick and hard roof in coal mining. Three-Zone pre-split blasting design in non-pillar coal mining for thick and hard roofs was proposed, based on the principles of rock mechanics. After field experiments, the technology was successfully applied to the non-pillar coal mining of a huge thick conglomerate roof. This research supplements the non-pillar

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19

Wang, Fengnian, Gan Li, and Chi Liu. "Investigation on Rock Strata Fracture Regulation and Rock Burst Prevention in Junde Coal Mine." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (September 25, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/2583707.

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Through the establishment of structural mechanics model, this paper analyzes the fracture of super thick rock stratum. Through the model, it can be seen that the fracture of low-level super thick rock stratum produces large elastic energy release and dynamic load, which is easy to produce disasters such as rock burst. The numerical calculation shows that under the influence of low hard and thick rock stratum, the leading area of coal mine roadway will produce energy concentration, and the coal pillar will also produce energy accumulation. Thick rock stratum is in bending state and has large be

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20

Jessu, K. V., T. R. Kostecki, A. J. S. Spearing, and G. S. Esterhuizen. "Effect of discontinuity dip direction on hard rock pillar strength." Transactions 344, no. 1 (2018): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.19150/trans.8745.

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21

Mitri, Hani S. "Assessment of horizontal pillar burst in deep hard rock mines." International Journal of Risk Assessment and Management 7, no. 5 (2007): 695. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijram.2007.014094.

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22

Deng, J., and D. S. Gu. "Buckling mechanism of pillar rockbursts in underground hard rock mining." Geomechanics and Geoengineering 13, no. 3 (2018): 168–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17486025.2018.1434241.

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23

Gu, Wei, Dalong Xu, Zhenfei Han, and Hao Zhang. "Research on the Reasonable Width of Coal Pillar Driving along Goaf under Thick Hard Roof." Applied Sciences 14, no. 14 (2024): 6381. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14146381.

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There are fewer studies on the width of coal pillar retaining under a thick, hard roof. This paper takes the thick limestone roof in the 10110 working face of Jinniu Coal Mine as the background, taking the reasonable coal pillar width and its stability control technology as research objectives. Taking the theoretical analysis and calculation, numerical simulation to study the stress distribution along goaf under different parameters of the roof cutting, the stress distribution of the roadway, and displacement of the surrounding rock under different coal pillar widths, finally examined through

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24

Lai, Xingping, Huicong Xu, Jingdao Fan, et al. "Study on the Mechanism and Control of Rock Burst of Coal Pillar under Complex Conditions." Geofluids 2020 (October 27, 2020): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8847003.

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In order to explore the mechanism of coal pillar rock burst in the overlying coal body area, taking W1123 working face of Kuangou Coal Mine as the engineering background, the full mining stage of W1123 is simulated by FLAC3D. It is found that the high stress concentration area has appeared on both sides of the coal pillar when W1123 does not start mining. With the advance of the working face, the high stress concentration area forms X-shaped overlap. There is an obvious difference in the stress state between the coal pillar under the solid coal and the coal pillar under the gob in W1123. The c

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25

Le Roux, P. J., and D. F. Malan. "Back analysis of LG6/LG6A chromitite pillar strength using displacement discontinuity modelling." Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy 124, no. 11 (2024): 605–16. https://doi.org/10.17159/2411-9717/3548/2024.

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Almost no work has been published on the strength of pillars in mines exploiting the LG6/LG6A chromitite bands in the Western Bushveld Complex. The strength of these pillars is unknown, and the hard rock industry still uses the Hedley and Grant formula. Numerical modelling, using inelastic constitutive models, may be of some value in estimating the pillar strength, but this approach is difficult and prone to errors as many assumptions are made. This paper explores the alternative approach of the back-analysis of actual LG6/LG6A mining layouts, using displacement discontinuity codes to simulate

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26

Zhang, Jie, Bin Wang, Wenyong Bai, and Sen Yang. "A Study on the Mechanism of Dynamic Pressure during the Combinatorial Key Strata Rock Column Instability in Shallow Multi-coal Seams." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (March 2, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6664487.

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In order to study the pressure changes and support failure in mining face under concentrated coal pillar in shallow coal seam, the concentrated coal pillar in 30105 working face of Nan Liang Coal Mine was selected as the research object. In this study, the mechanism of dynamic mine pressure in mining face under concentrated coal pillar was investigated through multiple simulation experiments, numerical simulations, and theoretical analysis. The results of similar simulation experiment indicate that the dynamic mine pressure occurred at 25 m under the concentrated coal pillar and 7 m beyond the

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27

He, Fulian, Qingtao Kang, Shuaifeng Yin, Yuli Liu, Zhishuai Wang, and Linsheng Gao. "Stratification Failure Mechanism of Coal Pillar Floor Strata with Different Strength in Short Distance Coal Seams." Geofluids 2022 (July 15, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2598738.

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The failure of strata with different strength under coal pillar in close distance coal seams has its particularity. Theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and similar test were used to obtain the failure mechanism of the soft and hard stratification of floor strata under the boundary of wide coal pillar and make out the influence of the strata failure on roadway layout. It shows that the failure of the soft and hard stratification is not synchronous and with different failure forms. The deformation and plastic failure of the soft strata occurs at first; then the fracture of the main beari

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28

Jiang, Lichun, and Wei Liu. "Stand-Up Time Dependence on Protective Roof–Pillar Bearing Structure of Bauxite." Applied Sciences 14, no. 1 (2023): 325. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14010325.

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The immediate roof of Shanxi sedimentary bauxite is hard clay rock, which maintain stable difficultly in goaf. It is necessary to ensure the stability of the goaf during the mine production period. The relevant research objects did not involve soft rock mass such as bauxite and hard clay and did not pay attention to the weakening characteristics of load-bearing structures under the action of weathering and rheology. This paper provides theoretical support for the safety production of bauxite and similar mines. In order to study the relationship between the stability of the protective roof-pill

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29

Maulana, A. I., S. H. Prassetyo, R. K. Wattimena, A. Sjadat, and J. P. E. Hamman. "Stability analysis of open stope #20 in sill pillar #2840 based on mining frame 134 using numerical, empirical, and analytical approaches at the Big Gossan Mine." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1437, no. 1 (2024): 012031. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1437/1/012031.

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Abstract Sill pillar #2840 has been identified as an economical reserve and is therefore planned to be mined. Stope #20 is one of 69 stopes in the sill pillar that will be mined. The stope is about 540m from surface. Mining activities that are far from the surface will cause stress redistribution. A geotechnical analysis was required to observe the stability condition of the open stope. The stability can be calculated by considering the induced stress around the open stope. The calculation of the Factor of Safety (FS) will be carried out using a numerical approach with Rocscience’s RS2 softwar

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30

Xia, Hong Chun, Ru Nan Zhang, and Wei Li. "Research on Surrounding Rock Control Technology in Two Hard Fully Mechanized Coal Mining." Advanced Materials Research 868 (December 2013): 343–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.868.343.

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The coal 8210 big mining height of the Datong mine Jin hua gong face in the process of mining airport coal pillar fried state a, floor deformation intense, serious kick drum, eventually leading to rock failure .In the severe cases, easily induced by shock pressure and other disasters ,these have serious impact on the efficient production of face security in the large mining height. by the airport side of roadway roof pressure relief, combined with roadway bolting reinforcement technology effectively control the deformation of surrounding rock of roadway, Test results show that the security mea

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31

Mendrofa, Gabriella Aileen, Bevina Desjwiandra Handari, and Gatot Fatwanto Hertono. "Ensemble learning model on Artificial Neural Network - Backpropagation (ANN-BP) architecture for coal pillar stability classification." ITM Web of Conferences 61 (2024): 01008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20246101008.

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Pillars are important structural units used to ensure mining safety in underground hard rock mines. Unstable pillars can significantly increase worker safety hazards and sudden roof collapse. Therefore, precise predictions regarding the stability of underground pillars are required. One common index that is often used to assess pillar stability is the Safety Factor (SF). Unfortunately, such crisp boundaries in pillar stability assessment using SF are unreliable. This paper presents a novel application of Artificial Neural Network-Backpropagation (ANN-BP) and Deep Ensemble Learning for pillar s

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32

Bewick, R. P., and D. Elmo. "Size effect and rock mass strength." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 62 (January 1, 2025): 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2024-0531.

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The size effect associated with rock mass strength is assessed from the perspective of laboratory testing data, hard rock pillar data, excavation back analysis data, and synthetic rock mass (SRM) models. The assessments are completed to investigate whether the size effect is due to increasing rock mass volume or for other reasons. The size effect is well established as one of the reasons field scale rock mass strength is less than that measured in the laboratory. We find that the observation of the size effect for rock masses in the field is due to failure mechanism change instead of size. In

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33

Cui, Feng, Shuai Dong, Xingping Lai, Jianqiang Chen, Chong Jia, and Tinghui Zhang. "Study on the Fracture Law of Inclined Hard Roof and Surrounding Rock Control of Mining Roadway in Longwall Mining Face." Energies 13, no. 20 (2020): 5344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13205344.

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In the inclination direction, the fracture law of a longwall face roof is very important for roadway control. Based on the W1123 working face mining of Kuangou coal mine, the roof structure, stress and energy characteristics of W1123 were studied by using mechanical analysis, model testing and engineering practice. The results show that when the width of W1123 is less than 162 m, the roof forms a rock beam structure in the inclined direction, the floor pressure is lower, the energy and frequency of microseismic (MS) events are at a low level, and the stability of the section coal pillar is bet

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34

Lu, Hai Feng, and Lin Wang. "Analysis on Water Abundance of Loose Aquifer and Quality Evaluation of Overburden Strata during Mining under Loose Aquifer." Advanced Materials Research 1006-1007 (August 2014): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1006-1007.73.

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The establishment of pillars is one of the most effective methods to keep mining safety under loose aquifer. Water abundance of bottom aquifer of loose strata,strength and structure of overburden strata are the main factors controlling type and height of coal pillar.Taking Xiyi area in Pansan coal mine as an example, hydrogeology characteristics of the bottom aquifer of quaternaty system and engineering geological properties of overburden strata of No.8 seam were analyzed.The characteristics of weathered rock was particularly analyzed.The results indicated that the type of the water abundance

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35

Wang, Zhensuo, Yongli Liu, Zhixiang Song, Yaozu Ni, and Pengxin Zhang. "Research and Application of Rockburst Prevention Technology in the Return Airway with Deep Thick Hard Sandstone Roof." Applied Sciences 15, no. 11 (2025): 6270. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15116270.

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To address the issue of rockburst in deep return airways caused by thick, hard sandstone roofs in the Hulusu Coal Mine, this study proposes a deep borehole pressure relief technique based on hydraulic fracturing. The goal is to proactively weaken the hard roof structure and effectively mitigate rockburst hazards. The research integrates numerical modeling, theoretical analytics, and field application to systematically delve into the unstable mechanism of deep hard rock and determine the crack propagation patterns and optimal borehole parameters. Engineering validation was carried out at the 21

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36

Li, Zhihua, Ke Yang, Xinzhu Hua, Cheng Liu, Peng Zhou, and Shengwen Ge. "Mechanism and Control of Water–Rock Coupling-Induced Disaster when Mining below the Unconsolidated Confined Aquifer." Geofluids 2023 (January 24, 2023): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/6485987.

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Theoretical analysis and numerical simulation were conducted to study the disaster-causing mechanism of structural instability of the overlying strata induced by water–rock coupling and effectively prevent and control the powered support jammed accident during mining below the unconsolidated confined aquifer. The influencing factors on the stability of the overlying strata structure were analyzed, and the numerical simulation method of unconsolidated confined aquifer was designed. The disaster-causing mechanism and the evolution process of the stress–displacement–crack field of the overlying s

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Cao, Xu, Saisai Wu, and Qingyuan He. "Investigation into Influences of Hydraulic Fracturing for Hard Rock Weakening in Underground Mines." Applied Sciences 14, no. 5 (2024): 1948. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14051948.

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The long overhanging distance of hard roofs and long-collapse steps induces a large area of suspension on the working face in underground coal mines, resulting in excessive pressure and deformation on the surrounding rocks of the adjacent roadway in the work face, which seriously threatens the safety of coal mining operations. In this study, in order to study the hydraulic fracturing effects on hard roofs, numerical simulation and in situ tests were conducted. The analysis and comparison of fracturing effects under different hydraulic fracturing parameters were carried out, and the reasonable

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38

Watson, B. P., R. A. Lamos, and D. P. Roberts. "PlatMine pillar strength formula for the UG2 Reef." Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy 121, no. 8 (2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2411-9717/1387/2021.

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The Upper Group 2 (UG2) chromitite reef is a shallow-dipping stratiform tabular orebody in the South African Bushveld Complex, which strikes for hundreds of kilometres. Mining is extensive, with depths ranging from close-to-surface to 2 500 m. Pillars are widely used to support the open stopes and bords. Little work has been done in the past to determine the strength of pillars on the UG2 Reef and design was done using formulae developed for other hard-rock mines. This has led to oversized pillars with consequent sterilization of ore. In this paper we describe a back-analysis of stable and fai

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Rao, K. K., B. S. Choudhary, and G. D. Raju. "Stability of Pillar and Drive Advances in Hard Rock Mine Through Numerical Modelling and Instrumentation." Current Science 120, no. 11 (2021): 1758. http://dx.doi.org/10.18520/cs/v120/i11/1758-1767.

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Yue, Xizhan, Min Tu, Yingfu Li, Guanfeng Chang, and Chen Li. "Stability and Cementation of the Surrounding Rock in Roof-Cutting and Pressure-Relief Entry under Mining Influence." Energies 15, no. 3 (2022): 951. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15030951.

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The application of roof-cutting and pressure-relief gob-side entry retention plays a critical role in controlling the stability of the surrounding rock at the entry, easing continuity tension and improving resource recovery ratio. The excavation of the 360,803 airway in Xinji No. 1 Mine is affected by intense mining of the 360,805 working face. Hence, to address the stability problem of surrounding rock in the 360,803 airway, rock mass blast weakening theory was used in this study to analyze the blasting stress of columnar charged rock mass and obtain the radiuses of crushed, fractured, and vi

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Walton, G., and S. Sinha. "Improved empirical hard rock pillar strength predictions using unconfined compressive strength as a proxy for brittleness." International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences 148 (December 2021): 104934. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2021.104934.

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Forbes, Bradley, Nicholas Vlachopoulos, Mark S. Diederichs, Andrew J. Hyett, and Allan Punkkinen. "An in situ monitoring campaign of a hard rock pillar at great depth within a Canadian mine." Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 12, no. 3 (2020): 427–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrmge.2019.07.018.

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Burtan, Zbigniew, and Dariusz Chlebowski. "The Effect of Mining Remnants on Elastic Strain Energy Arising in the Tremor-Inducing Layer." Energies 15, no. 16 (2022): 6031. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15166031.

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A vast majority of hard coal deposits in Poland have a multi-seam structure, hence the presence of mining remnants left from previous operations. The impact of those remnants (exploitation edges or residual pillars) can further intensify geomechanical phenomena occurring in the rock mass, leading to changes in the original state of stress. This applies to all layers within the rock strata, including thick and coherent ones (referred to as tremor-inducing layers) where the impacts of mining remnants are likely to trigger tremors, thus enhancing the rock bursts hazard. In the light of the geomec

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Zhou, Jian, Xibing Li, and Hani S. Mitri. "Comparative performance of six supervised learning methods for the development of models of hard rock pillar stability prediction." Natural Hazards 79, no. 1 (2015): 291–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11069-015-1842-3.

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Luo, Jianqiao, Shaohong Yan, Tuo Yang, et al. "Mechanism of Hydraulic Fracturing Cutting Hard Basic Roof to Prevent Rockburst." Shock and Vibration 2021 (November 10, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/4032653.

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Rockburst is globally regarded as one of the most severe and complicated mining dynamic disasters to predict or control. Generally, the occurrence mechanism of rockbursts can be considered as a process of the elastic strain energy accumulation, emancipation, transmission, and occurrence. Tracing to the source, the reasons for large accumulation of elastic strain energy in coal and rock mass are the high stress of the roof layer that loads on the coal and rock masses around the mining space coupling effect with the natural horizontal tectonic stress. In this study, using the minimum energy theo

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Zhou, Jinlong, Junfeng Pan, Yongxue Xia, Wengang Liu, Taotao Du, and Jianhong Wu. "Investigation of Load Characteristics and Stress-Energy Evolution Laws of Gob-Side Roadways Under Thick and Hard Roofs." Applied Sciences 14, no. 20 (2024): 9513. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14209513.

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The stress environments of gob-side roadways (GSRs) are becoming increasingly complex during deep coal mining under thick and hard roofs. This leads to strong strata behaviors, including roadway floor heave, roof subsidence, and even coal bursts. Among them, coal bursts pose the greatest threat to production safety in coal mines. Coal bursts in a GSR strongly correlate with the load characteristics and stress-energy evolution laws of the roadway. This study analyzes the roof structures of double working faces (DWFs) during the initial weighting stage (IWS) and full mining stage (FMS) of gob-si

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Hamediazad, Farzaneh, and Navid Bahrani. "Simulation of hard rock pillar failure using 2D continuum-based Voronoi tessellated models: The case of Quirke Mine, Canada." Computers and Geotechnics 148 (August 2022): 104808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2022.104808.

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Dai, Xianglin, Rui Gao, Weichen Gao, Dou Bai, and Xiao Huang. "Exploring the Distribution Characteristics of High Static Load in the Island Working Face of Extra-Thick Coal Seams with Hard Roof: Addressing the Challenge of Rock Burst Risk." Applied Sciences 14, no. 5 (2024): 1961. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14051961.

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A high static load state significantly increases the risk of rock burst occurrences on the island working face, posing a significant threat to the safety of coal mine production. This paper focused on the engineering background of the 8204-2 working face at Tashan Coal Mine. Field research indicated that there were noticeable differences in the frequency of coal bursts in different regions and working face ranges, with the mine pressure being complex and severe. Through theory analysis, the stress concentration degree of the island working face was mainly affected by the buried depth, working

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Wang, Gongyuan, Jianbiao Bai, Ningkang Meng, and Xiangqian Zhao. "Study on the Three-Dimensional Behavior of Blasting Considering Non-Uniform In-Situ Stresses Distributed along the Blasthole Axis." Applied Sciences 14, no. 14 (2024): 6256. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14146256.

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For roof-cutting by blasting in the gob-side entry under an overhanging hard roof, studies on the impacts of in-situ stresses on the propagation of blast-induced cracks have typically focused on uniform stresses but ignored the effects of non-uniform in-situ stresses (NIS) distributed along the blasthole axis. Therefore, the distribution patterns of hoop stress and rock damage caused by NIS distributed along the blasthole axis were investigated using numerical modeling and theoretical analysis. The results illustrate that with the rising NIS for the cross section along the blasthole axis, the

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Sun, H., X. L. Liu, S. G. Zhang, and K. Nawnit. "Experimental investigation of acoustic emission and infrared radiation thermography of dynamic fracturing process of hard-rock pillar in extremely steep and thick coal seams." Engineering Fracture Mechanics 226 (March 2020): 106845. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2019.106845.

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