Journal articles: 'Hard/Soft data'

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Aronson, J. "Hard data, soft data." BMJ 344, mar28 1 (2012): e1692-e1692. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.e1692.

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Cowell, H. R. "Hard decisions from soft data." Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery 72, no. 10 (1990): 1441. http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/00004623-199072100-00002.

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Cudell, J. R., E. Martynov, O. Selyugin, and A. Lengyel. "The hard pomeron in soft data." Physics Letters B 587, no. 1-2 (2004): 78–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2004.02.058.

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Burkhardt, Boyd R. "Capsular Contracture: Hard Breasts, Soft Data." Clinics in Plastic Surgery 15, no. 4 (1988): 521–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0094-1298(20)31387-0.

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Cudell, J. R., A. Lengyel, E. Martynov, and O. V. Selyugin. "Soft data and the hard pomeron." Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements 152, no. 1 (2006): 79–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2005.08.015.

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Sansom, Robert S., and Matthew A. Wills. "Differences between hard and soft phylogenetic data." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 284, no. 1869 (2017): 20172150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.2150.

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When building the tree of life, variability of phylogenetic signal is often accounted for by partitioning gene sequences and testing for differences. The same considerations, however, are rarely applied to morphological data, potentially undermining its use in evolutionary contexts. Here, we apply partition heterogeneity tests to 59 animal datasets to demonstrate that significant differences exist between the phylogenetic signal conveyed by ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ characters (bones, teeth and shells versus myology, integument etc). Furthermore, the morphological partitions differ significantly in their consistency relative to independent molecular trees. The observed morphological differences correspond with missing data biases, and as such their existence presents a problem not only for phylogeny reconstruction, but also for interpretations of fossil data. Evolutionary inferences drawn from clades in which hard, readily fossilizable characters are relatively less consistent and different from other morphology (mammals, bivalves) may be less secure. More secure inferences might be drawn from the fossil record of clades that exhibit fewer differences, or exhibit more consistent hard characters (fishes, birds). In all cases, it will be necessary to consider the impact of missing data on empirical data, and the differences that exist between morphological modules.

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Seymour, Daniel. "Soft Data – Hard Data: The Painful Art of Fence‐Sitting." Journal of Consumer Marketing 6, no. 2 (1989): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eum0000000002544.

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Khaleghi, Bahador, and Fakhreddine Karray. "Random set theoretic soft/hard data fusion framework." IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems 50, no. 4 (2014): 3068–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/taes.2014.120621.

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Sullivan, Karen. "It’s hard being soft." Mental Lexicon 7, no. 3 (2012): 306–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ml.7.3.03sul.

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This study compares antonymous relations between lemmata (such as soft/softer/softest and hard/harder/hardest), words (soft and hard) and word senses (for example, the sense of soft indicating a yielding surface and that of hard describing an unyielding surface). In agglomerative cluster analyses of data from the British National Corpus, specific antonymous adjective senses are found to cluster more tightly and neatly than either antonymous words or lemmata. Moreover, when pairs such as soft and hard co-occur in the corpus, the co-occurring senses are typically instances of antonymous senses that cluster together. This evidence from clustering and co-occurrence suggests that antonymy operates primarily at the level of the word sense, rather than the word or the lemma.

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Seymour, Daniel. "COMMENTARY SOFT DATA—HARD DATA: THE PAINFUL ART OF FENCE‐SITTING." Journal of Services Marketing 2, no. 4 (1988): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb024741.

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Lu, DeTang, Ting Zhang, JiaQing Yang, DaoLun Li, and XiangYan Kong. "A reconstruction method of porous media integrating soft data with hard data." Science Bulletin 54, no. 11 (2009): 1876–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11434-009-0327-8.

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Das, Purnendu, Bishwa Ranjan Roy, and Saptarshi Paul. "Balanced Data Clustering Algorithm for Both Hard and Soft Clustering." International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering 6, no. 2 (2018): 176–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.26438/ijcse/v6i2.176183.

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May, G. "Avoiding Data Loss With Hard and Soft DVB-H Handovers." IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting 55, no. 3 (2009): 598–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tbc.2009.2027402.

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Liu, Hai, Dongqing Xiao, Pankaj Didwania, and Mohamed Y. Eltabakh. "Exploiting soft and hard correlations in big data query optimization." Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment 9, no. 12 (2016): 1005–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.14778/2994509.2994519.

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Li, Wei, and Xu Wang. "An Improved Wavelet Threshold De-Noising Data Processing Method Research in Deformation Monitoring." Applied Mechanics and Materials 90-93 (September 2011): 2858–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.90-93.2858.

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Due to the soft and hard threshold function exist shortcomings. This will reduce the performance in wavelet de-noising. in order to solve this problem，This article proposes Modulus square approach. the new approach avoids the discontinuity of the hard threshold function and also decreases the fixed bias between the estimated wavelet coefficients and the wavelet coefficients of the soft-threshold method．Simulation results show that SNR and MSE are better than simply using soft and hard threshold，having good de-noising effect in Deformation Monitoring.

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Garud, Nandita R., Philipp W. Messer, and Dmitri A. Petrov. "Detection of hard and soft selective sweeps from Drosophila melanogaster population genomic data." PLOS Genetics 17, no. 2 (2021): e1009373. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1009373.

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Whether hard sweeps or soft sweeps dominate adaptation has been a matter of much debate. Recently, we developed haplotype homozygosity statistics that (i) can detect both hard and soft sweeps with similar power and (ii) can classify the detected sweeps as hard or soft. The application of our method to population genomic data from a natural population ofDrosophila melanogaster(DGRP) allowed us to rediscover three known cases of adaptation at the lociAce,Cyp6g1, andCHKov1known to be driven by soft sweeps, and detected additional candidate loci for recent and strong sweeps. Surprisingly, all of the top 50 candidates showed patterns much more consistent with soft rather than hard sweeps. Recently, Harriset al. 2018 criticized this work, suggesting that all the candidate loci detected by our haplotype statistics, including the positive controls, are unlikely to be sweeps at all and that instead these haplotype patterns can be more easily explained by complex neutral demographic models. They also claim that these neutral non-sweeps are likely to be hard instead of soft sweeps. Here, we reanalyze the DGRP data using a range of complex admixture demographic models and reconfirm our original published results suggesting that the majority of recent and strong sweeps inD.melanogasterare first likely to be true sweeps, and second, that they do appear to be soft. Furthermore, we discuss ways to take this work forward given that most demographic models employed in such analyses are necessarily too simple to capture the full demographic complexity, while more realistic models are unlikely to be inferred correctly because they require a large number of free parameters.

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Dalgarno, Phil. "In the absence of hard data, Is soft data better than no data at all?" Addiction Research & Theory 26, no. 2 (2017): 159–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/16066359.2017.1380191.

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FUTSCHIK, MATTHIAS E., and BRONWYN CARLISLE. "NOISE-ROBUST SOFT CLUSTERING OF GENE EXPRESSION TIME-COURSE DATA." Journal of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology 03, no. 04 (2005): 965–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219720005001375.

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Clustering is an important tool in microarray data analysis. This unsupervised learning technique is commonly used to reveal structures hidden in large gene expression data sets. The vast majority of clustering algorithms applied so far produce hard partitions of the data, i.e. each gene is assigned exactly to one cluster. Hard clustering is favourable if clusters are well separated. However, this is generally not the case for microarray time-course data, where gene clusters frequently overlap. Additionally, hard clustering algorithms are often highly sensitive to noise. To overcome the limitations of hard clustering, we applied soft clustering which offers several advantages for researchers. First, it generates accessible internal cluster structures, i.e. it indicates how well corresponding clusters represent genes. This can be used for the more targeted search for regulatory elements. Second, the overall relation between clusters, and thus a global clustering structure, can be defined. Additionally, soft clustering is more noise robust and a priori pre-filtering of genes can be avoided. This prevents the exclusion of biologically relevant genes from the data analysis. Soft clustering was implemented here using the fuzzy c-means algorithm. Procedures to find optimal clustering parameters were developed. A software package for soft clustering has been developed based on the open-source statistical language R. The package called Mfuzz is freely available.

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Ruggieri, Andrea, Francesco Stranieri, Fabio Stella, and Marco Scutari. "Hard and Soft EM in Bayesian Network Learning from Incomplete Data." Algorithms 13, no. 12 (2020): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a13120329.

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Incomplete data are a common feature in many domains, from clinical trials to industrial applications. Bayesian networks (BNs) are often used in these domains because of their graphical and causal interpretations. BN parameter learning from incomplete data is usually implemented with the Expectation-Maximisation algorithm (EM), which computes the relevant sufficient statistics (“soft EM”) using belief propagation. Similarly, the Structural Expectation-Maximisation algorithm (Structural EM) learns the network structure of the BN from those sufficient statistics using algorithms designed for complete data. However, practical implementations of parameter and structure learning often impute missing data (“hard EM”) to compute sufficient statistics instead of using belief propagation, for both ease of implementation and computational speed. In this paper, we investigate the question: what is the impact of using imputation instead of belief propagation on the quality of the resulting BNs? From a simulation study using synthetic data and reference BNs, we find that it is possible to recommend one approach over the other in several scenarios based on the characteristics of the data. We then use this information to build a simple decision tree to guide practitioners in choosing the EM algorithm best suited to their problem.

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Kluth, S. "Tests of hard and soft QCD with e+e− Annihilation Data." Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements 109, no. 2-3 (2002): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0920-5632(02)90015-0.

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Menon, Anand, and Brigid Fowler. "Hard or Soft? The Politics of Brexit." National Institute Economic Review 238 (November 2016): R4—R12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002795011623800110.

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The British people voted for Brexit for a variety of reasons. A literature is emerging that seeks to explain the outcome using the increasing amount of aggregate and individual data being generated. Less often considered is the impact those factors that shaped the referendum outcome might continue to exert on the debate about the UK's future relationship with the EU. We argue that they will continue to weigh on political debates. The continued resonance of the Leave message militates against anything but what has come to be known as a ‘hard Brexit’.

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22

Russell, Chuck, and Nathan Bennett. "Big data and talent management: Using hard data to make the soft stuff easy." Business Horizons 58, no. 3 (2015): 237–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2014.08.001.

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23

Yusuf, Amirudin, Mega Hidayati, and Halim Purnomo. "Hard Skill dan Soft Skill Siswa dalam Ekstrakurikuler Hizbul Wathan." AL-MURABBI: Jurnal Studi Kependidikan dan Keislaman 8, no. 1 (2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.53627/jam.v8i1.4139.

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This research is aimed at (1) identifying the types of hard skills and soft skills incorporated in Hizbul Wathan extracurricular at SMK (Vocational School) Muhammadiyah Semin (2) identifying the reinforcement of hard skills and soft skills within Hizbul Wathan extracurricular (3) identifying the impact of Hizbul Wathan extracurricular on students’ hard skills and soft skills. The type of this research was mixed-method research. The subjects of this research were teachers and students of class X. Data were collected through the methods of observation, interview, documentation, and questionnaire. The data were then analyzed through the methodology of data reduction, data display, conclusion, and verification. The research result shows that: (1) the hard skills output from the Hizbul Wathan extracurricular are products, handicrafts, and students’ score. Whereas, the soft skills are shown from students’ honesty, responsibility, just conduct, collaboration, adaptation skill, independence, communication skill, problem-solving skill, making decisions, critical thinking, tolerance, respect toward their peers, motivation, confidence, creativity, and discipline. (2) The hard skills’ reinforcement is done through training, competition, daily life application. Whereas, the soft skills’ reinforcement is done through group work training and problem-solving. (3) The impacts of Hizbul Wathan extracurricular on students’ hard skills and soft skills are shown through students’ ability to create a product, building independence, triggering socialization senses, and building collaboration. The conclusion to this research is that the attributions of soft skills have been implemented within the Hizbul Wathan extracurricular. Besides, Hizbul Wathan gives positive impacts on honing students' talent and developing their hard skills and soft skills.

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Suprianto, S., S. I. Kholida, H. J. Andi, and I. K. Mahardika. "The Effectiveness of Basic Physics Experiment Module Based on Guided Inquiry Model in Improving Hard Skills and Soft Skills of Prospective Physics Teachers." Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Indonesia 14, no. 2 (2018): 52–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jpfi.v14i2.11579.

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The purpose of this research is to identify the effectiveness of the first basic physics practice module based on guided inquiry on improving students’ hard skills and soft skills. The experimental design is "One Group Pretest-Pottest Control Groups Design". The samples of the research are the students who take the first basic physics practice. Data analysis techniques were effect size and gain score. Based on the result of the research, it was found that the improvement of hard skills and soft skills of the students reached 0.49 and 0.61 which was categorized as moderate. For effect size obtained data of 2.65 and 3.61 for hard skills and soft skills are categorized very high. It can be concluded that the effectiveness of the use of the first basic physics practice module based on guided inquiry is very significant to improve hard skills and soft skills of the students.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi keefektifan penggunaan panduan praktikum fisika dasar 1 berbasis guided inquiry terhadap peningkatan hard skills dan soft skills mahasiswa. Desain eksperimen yang digunakan adalah One Group Pretest-Postest Control Groups Design. Sampel penelitian adalah mahasiswa yang menempuh praktikum fisika dasar 1. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah effect size dan gain score. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh peningkatan hard skills dan soft skills mahasiswa mencapai 0.49 dan 0.61 yang berkategori sedang. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan panduan praktikum fisika dasar 1 dapat meningkatkan hard skills dan soft skills mahasiswa. Untuk uji effect size diperoleh data sebesar 2.65 dan 3.61 untuk hard skills dan soft skills yang berkategori tinggi. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa kefektivitas penggunaan modul panduan praktikum fisika dasar 1 berbasis guided inquiry sangat efektif untuk meningkatkan hard skills dan soft skills mahasiswa.

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ABRAMOVSKY, V. A., and A. V. DMITRIEV. "HARD NON-VACUUM REGGEON IN THE CKMT MODEL." Modern Physics Letters A 19, no. 10 (2004): 755–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732304013490.

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The CKMT model describing the nucleon structure function F2(x,Q2) in the framework of conventional Regge theory with smooth soft-hard pomeron is modified. Smooth soft-hard non-vacuum reggeon dependence on incoming photon virtuality Q2 is introduced. This dependence has the same functional form as the smooth soft-hard functional Q2 dependence for pomeron in original CKMT model. In region of low W2, better agreement with experimental data is observed.

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Riel, Asia Marie S., Morly J. Jessop, Daniel A. Decato, Casey J. Massena, Vinicius R. Nascimento, and Orion B. Berryman. "Experimental investigation of halogen-bond hard–soft acid–base complementarity." Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science, Crystal Engineering and Materials 73, no. 2 (2017): 203–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2052520617001809.

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The halogen bond (XB) is a topical noncovalent interaction of rapidly increasing importance. The XB employs a `soft' donor atom in comparison to the `hard' proton of the hydrogen bond (HB). This difference has led to the hypothesis that XBs can form more favorable interactions with `soft' bases than HBs. While computational studies have supported this suggestion, solution and solid-state data are lacking. Here, XB soft–soft complementarity is investigated with a bidentate receptor that shows similar associations with neutral carbonyls and heavy chalcogen analogs. The solution speciation and XB soft–soft complementarity is supported by four crystal structures containing neutral and anionic soft Lewis bases.

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Banu, P. K. Nizar, and S. Andrews. "Performance Analysis of Hard and Soft Clustering Approaches For Gene Expression Data." International Journal of Rough Sets and Data Analysis 2, no. 1 (2015): 58–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijrsda.2015010104.

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Mining gene expression data is growing rapidly to predict gene expression patterns and assist clinicians in early diagnosis of tumor formation. Clustering gene expression data is the most important phase, helps in finding group of genes that are highly expressed and suppressed. This paper analyses the performance of most representative hard and soft off-line clustering algorithms: K-Means, Fuzzy C-Means, Self Organizing Maps (SOM) based clustering and Genetic Algorithm (GA) based clustering for brain tumor gene expression dataset. Clusters produced by the clustering algorithms are the indications of the cellular processes. Clustering results are evaluated using clustering indices such as Xie-Beni index (XB), Davies-Bouldin index (DB), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) and Dunn's Index (DI) along with the time taken to find the compactness and separation of clusters. Experimental results prove soft clustering approaches works well to predict clusters of highly expressed and suppressed genes.

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Wirt, Frederick M. ""Soft" Concepts and "Hard" Data: A Research Review of Elazar's Political Culture." CrossRef Listing of Deleted DOIs 21, no. 2 (1991): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3330397.

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Pérez Pla, Francisco F., J. J. Baeza Baeza, Elisa Llopis, Mireia Pérez Baeza, and Lorenzo Fernández. "Comparative Study of Hard- and Soft-Modeling Algorithms for Kinetic Data Processing." International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 48, no. 8 (2016): 449–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kin.21004.

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Lyon, Steve W., Arthur J. Lembo, M. Todd Walter, and Tammo S. Steenhuis. "Defining probability of saturation with indicator kriging on hard and soft data." Advances in Water Resources 29, no. 2 (2006): 181–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2005.02.012.

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Silva, Filipa A. L. S., Gonçalo Brites, Isabel Ferreira, et al. "Evaluating Skin Sensitization Via Soft and Hard Multivariate Modeling." International Journal of Toxicology 39, no. 6 (2020): 547–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1091581820944395.

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Allergic contact dermatitis is the most frequent manifestation of immunotoxicity in humans with a prevalence rate of 15% to 20% over general population. Skin sensitization is a complex end point that was for a long time being evaluated using animal testing. Great efforts have been made to completely substitute the use of animals and replace them by integrating data from in vitro and in chemico assays with in silico calculated parameters. However, it remains undefined how to make the best use of the cumulative data in such a way that information gain is maximized and accomplished with the fewest number of tests possible. In this work, 3 skin sensitization prediction models were considered: one to discriminate sensitizers from non-sensitizers, considering a 2-level scale; one according to the GHS, considering a 3-level scale; and the other to categorize potency in a 6-level scale, according to available human data. We used a data set of known human skin allergens for which in vitro, in chemico, and in silico descriptors where available to build classifiers based on soft and hard multivariate modeling. Model building, optimization, and refinement resulted in 100% accuracy in distinguishing between sensitizers and non-sensitizers. The same model was able to perform the characterization, in 3 and 6 levels, respectively, with 98.8 and 97.5% accuracy. Combining data from in vitro and in chemico tests with in silico descriptors is relatively simple to implement and some predictors are fitting the adverse outcome pathway for skin sensitization.

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Danese, L., G. De Zotti, G. Fasano, and A. Franceschini. "Constraints on the cosmological evolution of AGNs from X-ray data." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 119 (1986): 489–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900153240.

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Both the soft (Maccacaro et al., 1982; Gioia et al., 1984; Giacconi et al., 1979; Griffiths et al., 1983) and the hard (Piccinotti et al., 1982) X-ray surveys provide crucial information on the evolution of AGNs in the X-ray band. Before combining the two data sets, however, the consistency of the two flux scales must be checked. To this end we have compared the soft (SX) and the hard (HX) X-ray luminosities of all powerful (log(SX)>43.5) AGNs for which both IPC and hard X-ray fluxes are available in the literature (lower luminosity objects frequently exhibit large intrinsic, luminosity dependent, absorbing columns which cannot be accurately accounted for). We find <log(HX)/(SX)> = 0.17±0.06, to be compared with the expected value <log(HX)/(SX)>≃0 for a typical X-ray energy index αX≃0.7. Thus, an average correction factor of ≃1.5 needs to be applied to the IPC fluxes to bring them into the hard X-ray flux scale.

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Gabbi, Giampaolo, Michele Giammarino, and Massimo Matthias. "Die Hard: Probability of Default and Soft Information." Risks 8, no. 2 (2020): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/risks8020046.

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The research aims to verify whether the credit risk of small and medium-sized enterprises can be estimated more accurately using qualitative variables together with financial information from reports. In our paper, we select qualitative variables within the conceptual framework of the balanced scorecard to assess the credit quality of Italian companies of various sizes, from micro to medium. Data were collected to estimate the company’s resilience following the shock of the financial crisis of 2007–2008. The analysis based on customer size, processes, knowledge, and corporate finance, synthesized with balanced scorecard methodology, allows us to estimate the resilience of companies in a period of crisis. The research highlights the important contribution of qualitative variables for the estimation of credit risk. The implications concern both financial intermediaries and their supervisory functions, and regulators for rating models based on soft forward and countercyclical variables.

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Dotani, T. "Accretion Disks in Black Hole Candidates Observed with ASCA." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 188 (1998): 135–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900114615.

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Structure of the accretion disk is compared between the soft and hard states of Cyg X-1 using the ASCA data. Large uncertainty of the disk parameters in hard state prevent us from drawing clear conclusion, but the data are consistent with a factor of 3 larger (optically thick) inner disk boundary in the hard state than in the soft state.

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Degani, Asaf, Everett A. Palmer, and Kristin G. Bauersfeld. "“Soft” Controls for Hard Displays: Still a Challenge." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 36, no. 1 (1992): 52–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129203600114.

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Future trends in design of controls and displays for cockpit sub-systems (electrical, pneumatics, fuel, etc.), will undoubtedly focus on replacing dedicated “hard” controls with reconfigurable “soft” controls depicted on the sub-system schematic display. This concept would allow for direct manipulation of mechanical components via the display. The case study reported here discusses the approach, redesign, and evaluation of soft controls and multi-functional displays for the Advanced Concepts Flight Simulator (ACFS), a two-engine, “generic” airliner. The redesign effort focused on the input interface (a touch sensitive screen), the display concept, and improving “navigation” among sub-system displays. The paper concludes with a summary of questionnaire data and comments of 26 airline pilots who flew a four-segment mission in the simulator. The subjective results indicated that pilots favored the direct manipulation concepts and the ability to link alerts, procedures, and configuration tasks. However, the technology used to support this concept still requires improvements.

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Rizzi, F., K. Morris, K. Sargsyan, et al. "Partial differential equations preconditioner resilient to soft and hard faults." International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications 32, no. 5 (2017): 658–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1094342016684975.

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We present a domain-decomposition-based preconditioner for the solution of partial differential equations (PDEs) that is resilient to both soft and hard faults. The algorithm reformulates the PDE as a sampling problem, followed by a solution update through data manipulation that is resilient to both soft and hard faults. This reformulation allows us to recast the problem as a set of independent tasks, and exploit data locality to reduce global communication. We discuss two different parallel implementations: (a) a single program multiple data (SPMD) version based on a one-to-one mapping between subdomain and MPI processes responsible for both state and computation; and (b) an asynchronous server–client implementation where all state information is held by the servers and clients are designed solely as computational units. We present a scalability comparison of both implementations under nominal conditions, showing efficiency within ~80% for up to 12,000 cores. We present a resilience analysis under different fault scenarios based on the server–client implementation. This framework provides resiliency to hard faults such that if a client crashes, it stops asking for work, and the servers simply distribute the work among all of the other clients alive. Erroneous subdomain solves (e.g. due to soft faults) appear as corrupted data, which is either rejected if that causes a task to fail, or is seamlessly filtered out during the regression stage through a suitable noise model. Three different types of faults are modeled: hard faults modeling nodes (or clients) crashing; soft faults occurring during the communication of the tasks between server and clients; and soft faults occurring during task execution. We demonstrate the resiliency of the approach for a 2D elliptic PDE, and explore the effect of the faults at various failure rates.

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Drake, M. T., and S. C. L. M. Cremers. "Bisphosphonate Therapeutics in Bone Disease: The Hard and Soft Data on Osteoclast Inhibition." Molecular Interventions 10, no. 3 (2010): 141–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1124/mi.10.3.5.

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Kitahara, Toru, Akihiko Nakasima, Shinichi Kurahara, and Yuji Shiratsuchi. "Hard and Soft Tissue Stability of Orthognathic Surgery." Angle Orthodontist 79, no. 1 (2009): 158–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/122707-604.1.

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Abstract Objective: To test the hypothesis that there is no difference in the stability of the hard and soft tissue changes following a surgical mandibular setback using a sagittal split ramus osteotomy or an intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy. Materials and Methods: The samples consisted of 45 female patients with mandibular prognathism, who were divided into two groups. Twenty-three underwent a sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO) with rigid fixation by titanium mini-screws and maxillomandibular fixation (MMF) for 14.0 ± 0.7 days. Twenty-two underwent intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO) without rigid fixation, and MMF was released 21.5 ± 3.3 days after surgery. Data were collected from standardized cephalometric radiographs taken at the start of preoperative orthodontic treatment (T1), immediately after surgery (MMF, T2), and the completion of postoperative treatment (T3). Angular measurements were compared on each of T1, T2, and T3. Results: There were no significant differences in the pretreatment hard and soft tissue morphology between the SSRO and IVRO. However, when fixation was released, the mandible was posteriorly positioned in the IVRO group. In the soft tissue profile, the mental region was located backward in the IVRO group at postoperative stage (T3). Conclusions: The hypothesis is rejected. The soft tissue profile of the IVRO group especially showed a retromandibular position after postoperative treatment in comparison with the SSRO group. This tendency of the IVRO group would contribute to the database for treatment planning and prediction.

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Endang Tirtana Putra and Nur Anita. "PENGARUH HARD-SOFT SKILL DAN DISIPLIN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA TENAGA PENDIDIK DI SMK NEGERI 1 PASAMAN." Jurnal Manajemen & Bisnis Kreatif 6, no. 2 (2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.36805/manajemen.v6i2.1428.

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Peran sumber daya manusia adalah untuk mencapai tujuan perusahaan yang sudah ditetapkan sebelumnya secara efektif dan efisien. Pendidikan adalah berbagai upaya dan usaha yang dilakukan orang dewasa untuk mendidik nalar peserta didik dan mengatur moral mereka. Untuk mewujudkan itu semua, tak terlepas dari Kinerja seorang Tenaga Pendidik dalam suatu satuan Pendidikan. Hard-Soft Skill, dan Disiplin Kerja bertujuan untuk membuktikan secara empiris Kinerja Tenaga Pendidik di SMK Negeri 1 Pasaman. Jenis kausalitas digunakan pada penelitian ini dengan pendeketan analisis kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh Tenaga Pendidik SMK Negeri 1 Pasaman. Pengambilan sampel digunakan teknik sampel sensus yaitu melibatkan keseluruhan populasi lima puluh tenaga pendidik. Analisis data menggunakan teknik regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa: 1). Terdapat pengaruh signifikan atas variabel Hard-Soft Skill terhadap variabel Kinerja Tenaga Pendidik. 2) Tidak terdapat pengaruh atas variabel Disiplin Kerja terhadap Kinerja Tenaga Pendidik. 3) Terdapat pengaruh signifikan atas variabel Hard-Soft Skill dan Disiplin Kerja secara simultan terhadap variabel Kinerja Tenaga Pendidik. 4) Koefisien determinasi menghasilkan skor 0,902, artinya, besarnya kontribusi faktor Hard-Soft Skill dan Disiplin Kerja terhadap Kinerja Tenaga Pendidik sangat kuat yaitu 90,2 persen. Kata kunci: Hard-Soft Skill, Kinerja Tenaga Pendidik.  The role of human resources is to effectively and efficiently achieve predetermined corporate goals. Education is the efforts and efforts made by adults to educate students' reasoning and regulate their morals. To make it all happen, it cannot be separated from an Teacher's Performance in an education unit. Hard-Soft Skills and Work Discipline aim to empirically prove the Teacher's Performance at SMK Negeri 1 Pasaman. This type of causality is used in this study with a quantitative analysis approach. The population of this study was all teaching staff at SMK Negeri 1 Pasaman. Sampling used a census sampling technique that involves fifty educators' entire population—data analysis using multiple linear regression techniques. The research found that: 1). There is a significant influence on the Hard-Soft Skill variable on the Teacher's Performance variable. 2) There is no influence on the Work Discipline variable on the Teacher's Performance. 3) There is a significant influence on the variable Hard-Soft Skill and Work Discipline simultaneously on the Teacher's Performance variable. 4) The coefficient of determination produces a score of 0.902, which means that the Hard-Soft Skill Skill and Work Discipline factors to the Teacher's Performance are powerful, namely 90.2 percent.  Keyword Hard-Soft Skill, Teacher's Performance

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Asbari, Masduki, Choi Chi Hyun, Laksmi Mayesti Wijayanti, WINANTI WINANTI, Miyv Fayzhall, and Firdaus Putra. "HARD SKILLS DAN SOFT SKILLS: APA MEMBANGUN INOVASI GURU SEKOLAH ISLAM?" journal EVALUASI 4, no. 1 (2020): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.32478/evaluasi.v4i1.362.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur pengaruh hard skills dan soft skills terhadap kemampuan inovasi guru sekolah Islam di Jakarta dan Tangerang yang dimediasi oleh organizational culture. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pengambilan sampel acak sederhana melalui elektronik ke populasi guru di Jakarta dan Tangerang. Hasil kuesioner yang dikembalikan dan valid adalah 667 sampel. Pemrosesan data menggunakan metode SEM dengan perangkat lunak SmartPLS 3.0. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa hard skills dan soft skills berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kemampuan inovasi guru, baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung melalui mediasi organizational culture. Penelitian baru ini mengusulkan sebuah model untuk membangun kemampuan inovasi guru sekolah Islam di antara para guru di Jakarta dan Tangerang melalui peningkatan hard skills dan soft skills dengan organizational culture sebagai mediator. Penelitian ini dapat membuka jalan untuk meningkatkan kesiapan guru dalam menghadapi era pendidikan 4.0.

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Et al., Evalina. "Effect of Organizational Learning on the Hard Skills, Soft Skills and Innovation of Employees: Evidence from Information Technology Industries." INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN INDUSTRY 9, no. 1 (2021): 1085–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/itii.v9i1.242.

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This study aims to measure the influence of organizational learning on the improvement of hard skills, soft skills and teacher innovation capability in Indonesia.Hard skills and soft skills as mediated variables. Data collection was carried out by simple random sampling via electronic to a population of information technology industries . The returned and valid questionnaire results were 223 samples. Data processing using SEM method with SmartPLS 3.0 software. The results of this study are organizational learning has a positive and significant effect on employee innovation capability, both directly and through mediating hard skills and soft skills.

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Sungadi, Sungadi. "Pengaruh soft dan hard services terhadap akreditasi dan loyalitas pemustaka." Berkala Ilmu Perpustakaan dan Informasi 14, no. 1 (2018): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/bip.31996.

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Introduction. As of January 2018 The Directorate of UII Library re-obtained the accreditation A from the National Library of Indonesia, and also become the best unit of UII in 2017, it needs to have further evaluation.Data collection method. The survey was conducted at UII Library in July-October 2017, with sample of 252 students as respondents using purposive sampling. The hypothesis in this paper was there is influence between soft and hard services to user loyalty through acceptable accreditation intervening variables.Data analysis. The data was analysed by using multiple regression and path analysis in SPSS 16.0. Multiple regression was used to test direct influence between variables, while path analysis was used to determine the effect of exogenous variables on endogenous variables through intervening variable.Results and Discussions. The results showed that the level of service quality and loyalty was high-very high (79.75-82.83%). The simultaneous influence of soft service (X1) and hard service (X2) on loyalty (Z) through accreditation (Y) increased from 0.329 to 0.442 (0.442> 0.329). Simultaneously soft service (X1), hard service (X2) via accreditation (Y)-affected loyalty of library users (Z).Conclusions. In this research can be concluded that: Quality of service in UII Library Directorate in high condition s.d very high, while quality assurance level (accreditation) categorized high, and loyality pemustaka at very high level. The result of data analysis shows that the variable of soft service quality and hard there is direct influence to loyalty pemustaka. Meanwhile, the variable of soft and hard service through accreditation variable has an effect on the loyalty of the user. Future researchers can develop this research by involving all libraries within the UII as an object of study.

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Fauzan, Fauzan. "ANALISIS SOFT SKILL DAN HARD SKILL SERTA PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP OPTIMISME CALON LULUSAN PRODI MANAJEMEN UNIHAZ BENGKULU." Creative Research Management Journal 3, no. 1 (2020): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.32663/crmj.v3i1.1280.

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This research is explanatory research, intended to determine the relationship between soft skill and hard skill variables on the optimism of prospective graduates of Bengkulu Unihaz Management Study Program. The quantitative data of this study were obtained from questionnaires which were then processed into statistical analysis. The results of the analysis are known soft skill variables (X1) and hard skills (X2) have a strong and unidirectional relationship, and have a positive effect on the optimism variable of prospective graduates of the Unihaz Bengkulu study program. This is evidenced by the value of multiple correlation, multiple linear regression, t-test and f-test. Of the two independent variables hard skill contribution is greater than the soft skill. As a suggestion to improve students' hard skills and soft skills, they encourage them to be more active in research and community service, carry out excursion studies, namely visiting companies, entrepreneurs, crafts and other institutions that can foster their hard skills and soft skills, then directed to be more active in student organizations, youth and spirituality.

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Suryathi, Wayan, and Kadek Eni Marhaeni. "Efektifitas Pelatihan Hard Skill dan Soft Skill Mahasiswa Jurusan Administrasi Niaga." Bhakti Persada 6, no. 2 (2020): 118–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31940/bp.v6i2.1836.

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Minat berwirausaha diukur dengan keinginan membuka usaha sendiri, motivasi dalam berkreatifitas, dan selalu antusias dalam mengikuti kegiatan pelatihan kewirausahaan. Pelatihan hard skill bertujuan untuk memahami konsep kewirausahaan dan pelatihan soft skill bertujuan untuk meningkatkan karakter wirausaha. Implementasi pelatihan hard skill dan soft skill yang telah dilakukan antara lain pelatihan make up artis, pelatihan International Culinary, pelatihan SPA, pelatihan Event Organizer. Populasi adalah semua mahasiswa wirausaha yang mendaftar sebagai peserta dengan jumlah 100 orang. Efektivitas pelatihan diukur berdasarkan analisis Wilcoxon dan menggunakan sampel responden berjumlah 30 orang, dengan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, kuesioner dan studi pustaka. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pelatihan hard skill dan soft skill berdampak signifikan terhadap minat berwirausaha mahasiswa Jurusan Administrasi Niaga, berdasarkan hasil uji yang menunjukkan Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) sebesar 0,000 lebih kecil dari 0,05, di mana Ho ditolak dan H1 diterima. yang berarti terdapat perbedaan signifikansi antara rata-rata minat berwirausaha melalui pelatihan hard skill dan soft skill.

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Dufour, Pascal A., Lala Ceklic, Hannan Abdillahi, et al. "Graph-Based Multi-Surface Segmentation of OCT Data Using Trained Hard and Soft Constraints." IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging 32, no. 3 (2013): 531–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2012.2225152.

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Mouton, Nicolas, Anna de Juan, Michel Sliwa, and Cyril Ruckebusch. "Hybrid hard- and soft-modeling approach for the resolution of convoluted femtosecond spectrokinetic data." Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems 105, no. 1 (2011): 74–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemolab.2010.11.002.

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Rovelli, Antonio, Shri K. Singh, Luca Malagnini, Alessandro Amato, and Massimo Cocco. "Feasibility of the use of Microtremors in Estimating Site Response during Earthquakes: Some Test Cases in Italy." Earthquake Spectra 7, no. 4 (1991): 551–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.1585643.

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We explore the feasibility of the use of microtremors in estimating the amplification of seismic waves at soft sites in Italy. Microtremors were measured at three soft sites and nearby hard sites at night when the cultural noise was minimum. These soft sites were selected as those showing the largest amplifications of ground motion during earthquakes as compared to the records on the hard sites or with respect to the predicted spectra. We compare the soft-to-hard site microtremor spectral ratios with the corresponding acceleration spectral ratios. A rough estimate of the shape and level of spectral amplification is obtained from the microtremor data in all three cases. However, the details of the soft-to-hard site spectral ratio are not reproduced and some differences appear in (a) the frequency at which the maximum amplification occurs, and (b) the bandwidth of the significant amplification. More testing of the method is needed before its wider use for microzonation in Italy can be recommended.

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HAIDER, WASI, BHARTI SHARMA, and J. R. ROOK. "NUCLEON–NUCLEUS OPTICAL POTENTIAL FROM HARD- AND SOFT-CORE INTERNUCLEON POTENTIALS." International Journal of Modern Physics E 14, no. 05 (2005): 807–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301305003533.

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We have compared the binding energy of nuclear matter and the nucleon–nucleus optical potential, calculated in Brueckner theory starting from both the soft-core Urbana V-14 and the hard-core Hamada–Johnston internucleon potentials. Our results show that the real central part of the optical potential calculated from V-14 is about 10 MeV deeper than from the hard-core potential in the energy region 1–200 MeV. This greater depth mainly comes from the internucleon S- and D-states. In these states, the V-14 and Hamada–Johnston potentials give different phase shifts, the V-14 being in better agreement with experimental data. This difference is further enhanced by the Pauli principle in the calculation of the optical potential. Our analysis of proton–40 Ca differential cross-section and polarization data, in the energy region 30–200 MeV, shows that the optical potential calculated using V-14 is in better agreement with the data as compared with the Hamada–Johnston potential.

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Jackson, Ivan F., and David Hosking. "Soft Information Systems." Journal of Information Technology 5, no. 3 (1990): 141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026839629000500304.

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This paper describes a category of information systems called ‘Soft information systems’. Basically these lie between conventional information systems in which data are well defined, and management support, and decision support systems. A soft system is a system which operates on soft data. Such data cover categories of information such as conjectures, predictions, feelings and opinions and are typically found in systems where there is some element of anticipation of the future. Such systems include career counselling systems, where clients have rather ‘fuzzy’ views of what they might wish to do, through to economic based systems used to predict levels of employment, inflation levels and interest rates etc. In between are management-type systems in which it is normally assumed that hard (i.e. factual) data are used, for instance in budgeting systems. The paper describes some previous work and the experimental systems which tested and explored the ideas involved as well as attempting to refine some of the techniques that can be used to deal with soft data.

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Saad, Hamza, and Mahinaz Hamza. "Patterns and Motivations Predicting Mobile Hard News and Soft News Consumption." International Journal of Customer Relationship Marketing and Management 12, no. 3 (2021): 49–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcrmm.2021070104.

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The purpose of this study is to examine Emirati university students' usage of smartphones as a news resource. In addition to the motivations, patterns, and relationships between hard news and soft news consumption and the different gratifications sought, this study adopted perspectives from the both the uses and gratifications and media displacement theories and utilized a quantitative research design. Data was collected from 488 undergraduate students between February 2019 and March 2019. Results revealed that students were interested in both hard and soft news, but there was 7% more soft news consumption by students. Additionally, results revealed that smartphones have become students' main source of news as they allow them to find information easily. When assessing the relationships and dynamics between mobile news and the gratifications sought, results revealed that the convenience gratification was the only predictor of both mobile soft news and hard news out of all the gratifications offered.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Hard/Soft data'

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