Academic literature on the topic 'Hardt, Michael, 1960-'

It has been suggested that beneath the sunny personality and enormous productivity of Sir William Osler (1849–1919) lurked a deep sorrow. A longstanding rumor suggests this sorrow was a prolonged affair with an older first cousin, Marian Osler (Bath) Francis (1841–1915), which resulted in Osler’s paternity of William Willoughby Francis (1878–1959). Osler treated W.W. Francis like a son. Francis after Osler’s death devoted the rest of his life to preserving Osler’s memory. Osler’s great-great niece Anne Wilkinson (1910–1961) strongly endorses this rumor; Osler scholar George T. Harrell (1908–1999) strongly suggests its truth, while Osler biographer Michael Bliss (1941–2017) dismisses it. Evidence supporting the rumor includes ample opportunities for mating, biographical details, and phenotypic resemblances that are hard to explain otherwise. Barring a DNA-based family study, the truth will probably never be known.

In the forty years since its publication, Hunter S. Thompson's most famous work, Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas, has received relatively little attention from scholars, in spite of its continuing popularity and acknowledged influence. Because the narrative is so thoroughly rooted in what Thompson called “this foul year of Our Lord, 1971,” the novel is generally approached (when it is discussed at all) as a historical artifact, a gonzo first draft of history, with its fortunes rising and falling with the counterculture of the 1960s. This article argues that Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas, far from being merely an epitaph for the 1960s, actually anticipates the more recent work of political theorists Giorgio Agamben, Michael Hardt, and Antonio Negri. Thompson's work, like Agamben's, concerns the emergence of the state of exception and the homo sacer as new paradigms for the relationship between citizen and state; and, like Hardt and Negri, Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas attempts to formulate a response to the emergence of global empire.

O texto discute a fusão contínua entre as esferas pública e privada na obra de Warhol, divisando em tal fusão a matriz de uma “cultura de celebridades”, esse fenômeno da sociedade contemporânea auspiciado pelo regime biopolítico e pelo mundo pós-fordista que seriam mais tarde descritos por autores como Antonio Negri e Michael Hardt. Focalizando principalmente os experimentos de Warhol na Factory, estúdio que ele manteve entre 1963 e 1968, a autora mostra como a obra do artista se estende muito além das pinturas, filmes e outras peças que produziu, incluindo também, e de modo crucial, suas inúmeras aparições e declarações públicas.

Andrea Acri, Helen Creese, and Arlo Griffiths (eds), From Laṅkā Eastwards: The Rāmāyaṇa in the literature and visual arts of Indonesia (Dick van der Meij) Michael Arthur Aung-Thwin and Kenneth R. Hall (eds), New perspectives on the history and historiography of Southeast Asia: Continuing explorations (David Henley) Steven Farram, A short-lived enthusiasm: The Australian consulate in Portuguese Timor (Hans Hägerdal) R. Michael Feener, Patrick Daly and Anthony Reid (eds), Mapping the Acehnese past (William Bradley Horton) Geoffrey C. Gunn, History without borders: The making of an Asian world region, 1000-1800 (Craig A. Lockard) Andrew Hardy, Mauro Cucarzi and Patrizia Zolese, (eds), Champa and the archaeology of Mỹ Sơn (Vietnam) (William A. Southworth) Jac. Hoogerbrugge, Asmat: Arts, crafts and people; A photographic diary, 1969-1974 (Karen Jacobs) Felicia Katz-Harris, Inside the puppet box: A performance of wayang kulit at the Museum of international folk art (Sadiah Boonstra) Douglas Lewis, The Stranger-Kings of Sikka (Keng We Koh) Jennifer Lindsay and Maya H.T. Liem (eds), Heirs to world culture: Being Indonesian 1950-1965 (Manneke Budiman) Trần Kỳ Phương and Bruce M. Lockhart, The Cham of Vietnam: History, society and art (Arlo Griffiths) Krishna Sen and David T. Hill (eds), Politics and the media in twenty-first century Indonesia: Decade of democracy (E.P. Wieringa) Andrew N. Weintraub (ed.), Islam and popular culture in Indonesia and Malaysia (Andy Fuller) Meredith L. Weiss, Student activism in Malaysia: Crucible, mirror, sideshow (Richard Baxstrom) Widjojo Nitisastro, The Indonesian development experience: A collection of writings and speeches of Widjojo Nitisastro (J. Thomas Lindblad)

-Stanley L. Engerman, B.W. Higman, Slave populations of the British Caribbean, 1807-1834. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, Johns Hopkins Studies in Atlantic History and Culture, 1984. xxxiii + 781 pp.-Susan Lowes, Gad J. Heuman, Between black and white: race, politics, and the free coloureds in Jamaica, 1792-1865. Westport CT: Greenwood Press, Contributions in Comparative Colonial Studies No. 5, 1981. 20 + 321 pp.-Anthony Payne, Lester D. Langley, The banana wars: an inner history of American empire, 1900-1934. Lexington KY: University Press of Kentucky, 1983. VIII + 255 pp.-Roger N. Buckley, David Geggus, Slavery, war and revolution: the British occupation of Saint Domingue, 1793-1798. New York: The Clarendon Press, Oxford University Press, 1982. xli + 492 pp.-Gabriel Debien, George Breathett, The Catholic Church in Haiti (1704-1785): selected letters, memoirs and documents. Chapel Hill NC: Documentary Publications, 1983. xii + 202 pp.-Alex Stepick, Michel S. Laguerre, American Odyssey: Haitians in New York City. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 1984. 198 pp-Andres Serbin, H. Michael Erisman, The Caribbean challenge: U.S. policy in a volatile region. Boulder CO: Westview Press, 1984. xiii + 208 pp.-Andres Serbin, Ransford W. Palmer, Problems of development in beautiful countries: perspectives on the Caribbean. Lanham MD: The North-South Publishing Company, 1984. xvii + 91 pp.-Carl Stone, Anthony Payne, The politics of the Caribbean community 1961-79: regional integration among new states. Oxford: Manchester University Press, 1980. xi + 299 pp.-Evelyne Huber Stephens, Michael Manley, Jamaica: struggle in the periphery. London: Third World Media, in association with Writers and Readers Publishing Cooperative Society, 1982. xi + 259 pp.-Rhoda Reddock, Epica Task Force, Grenada: the peaceful revolution. Washington D.C., 1982. 132 pp.-Rhoda Reddock, W. Richard Jacobs ,Grenada: the route to revolution. Havana: Casa de Las Americas, 1979. 157 pp., Ian Jacobs (eds)-Jacqueline Anne Braveboy-Wagner, Andres Serbin, Geopolitica de las relaciones de Venezuela con el Caribe. Caracas: Fundación Fondo Editorial Acta Cientifica Venezolana, 1983.-Idsa E. Alegria-Ortega, Jorge Heine, Time for decision: the United States and Puerto Rico. Lanham MD: North-South Publishing Co., 1983. xi + 303 pp.-Richard Hart, Edward A. Alpers ,Walter Rodney, revolutionary and scholar: a tribute. Los Angeles: Center for Afro-American Studies and African Studies Center, University of California, 1982. xi + 187 pp., Pierre-Michel Fontaine (eds)-Paul Sutton, Patrick Solomon, Solomon: an autobiography. Trinidad: Inprint Caribbean, 1981. x + 253 pp.-Paul Sutton, Selwyn R. Cudjoe, Movement of the people: essays on independence. Ithaca NY: Calaloux Publications, 1983. xii + 217 pp.-David Barry Gaspar, Richard Price, To slay the Hydra: Dutch colonial perspectives on the Saramaka wars. Ann Arbor MI: Karoma Publishers, 1983. 249 pp.-Gary Brana-Shute, R. van Lier, Bonuman: een studie van zeven religieuze specialisten in Suriname. Leiden: Institute of Cultural and Social Studies, ICA Publication no. 60, 1983. iii + 132 pp.-W. van Wetering, Charles J. Wooding, Evolving culture: a cross-cultural study of Suriname, West Africa and the Caribbean. Washington: University Press of America 1981. 343 pp.-Humphrey E. Lamur, Sergio Diaz-Briquets, The health revolution in Cuba. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1983. xvii + 227 pp.-Forrest D. Colburn, Ramesh F. Ramsaran, The monetary and financial system of the Bahamas: growth, structure and operation. Mona, Jamaica: Institute of Social and Economic Research, University of the West Indies, 1984. xiii + 409 pp.-Wim Statius Muller, A.M.G. Rutten, Leven en werken van de dichter-musicus J.S. Corsen. Assen, The Netherlands: Van Gorcum, 1983. xiv + 340 pp.-Louis Allaire, Ricardo E. Alegria, Ball courts and ceremonial plazas in the West Indies. New Haven: Department of Anthropology of Yale University, Yale University Publications in Anthropology No. 79, 1983. lx + 185 pp.-Kenneth Ramchand, Sandra Paquet, The Novels of George Lamming. London: Heinemann, 1982. 132 pp.

A descending bass line coordinated with sad lyrics is often described as evoking the "lament" topic—a signal to listeners that grief is being conveyed (Caplin, 2014). In human speech, a similar pattern of pitch declination occurs as air pressure is lost ('t Hart, Collier, & Cohen, 1990) which—coordinated with the premise that sad speech is lower in pitch (Lieberman & Michaels, 1962)—suggests there may be a cognitive-ecological association between descending bass lines and negative emotion more broadly. This study reexamines the relationship between descending bass lines and sadness in songs with lyrics. First, two contrasting repertoires were surveyed: 703 cantata movements by J. S. Bach and 740 popular music songs released ca. 1950–1990. Works featuring descending bass lines were identified and bass lines extracted by computationally parsing scores for bass or the lowest sounding musical line that descends incrementally by step. The corresponding lyrics were then analyzed using the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (Pennebaker et al., 2015a, 2015b). Results were not consistent with the hypothesis that descending bass lines are associated with a general negative affect and thus also not specifically with sadness. In a follow-up behavioral study, popular music excerpts featuring a descending bass were evaluated for the features of sad sounds (Huron, Anderson, & Shanahan, 2014) by undergraduate musicians. Here, tempo and articulation, but not interval size as anticipated, were found to be the best predictors of songs with descending bass lines.

- Rogier Busser, Peter Post, Japanse bedrijvigheid in Indonesië, 1868-1942; Structurele elementen van Japan’s vooroorlogse economische expansie in Zuidoost Azië. Proefschrift Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, 1991, xviii + 374 pp. - H.J.M. Claessen, Arne Aleksej Perminow, The long way home; Dilemmas of everyday life in a Tongan village. Oslo: Scandinavian University Press, 1993, 166 pp. - Aone van Engelenhoven, René van den Berg, Studies in Sulawesi linguistics III. Jakarta: Badan Penyelenggara Seri Nusa, Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya, 1994, xii + 116 pp. [NUSA, Linguistic Studies of Indonesian and Other Languages in Indonesia 36.] - Will Derks, Wolfgang Marschall, Texts from the Islands; Oral and written traditions of Indonesia and the Malay world, (Procedings of the 7th European Colloquium on Indonesia and Malay Studies, Berne, June 1989) 1994, iii + 411 pp. [Ethnologica Bernensia 4]. - Michael Kaden, Krishna Sen, Indonesian Cinema; Framing the New Order, London: Zed Books, 1994, x + 188 pp. - Nico Kaptein, Mona Abaza, Indonesian Students in Cairo; Islamic education perceptions and exchanges, Paris: Association Archipel, 1994, 198 pp. [Cahier d’Archipel 23.] - P. Keppy, Chris Manning, Indonesia assessment 1993; Labour: Sharing in the benefits of growth? Canberra: Australian National University, 1993, xxi + 326 pp., Joan Hardjono (eds.) - Anke Niehof, Jan-Paul Dirkse, Development and social welfare; Indonesia’s experiences under the New Order, Leiden: KITLV Press, 1993, xi + 295 pp., Frans Hüsken, Mario Rutten (eds.) - Hetty Nooy-Palm, Michale C. Howard, Textiles of Southeast Asia; An annotated and illustrated bibliography. Bangkok: White Lotus, 1994, 212 pp. + 64 pp. pf photographs in colour. - Harry A. Poeze, Hans van Miert, Een koel hoofd en een warm hart; Nationalisme, Javanisme en jeugdbeweging in Nederlands-Indië, 1918-1930. Amsterdam: De Bataafsche Leeuw, 1995, 424 pp. - Ger P. Reesink, Jürg Wassmann, Historical atlas of ethnic and linguistic groups in Papua New Guinea, Volume 3, Part 4: New Britain; Part 5: New Ireland; Part 6: Bougainville, Basel: Wepf/University of Basel, Institute of Ethnology, 1995, ix + 185 pp, 30 maps. - Ger P. Reesink, Verena Keck, Historical atlas of ethnic and linguistic groups in Papua New Guinea, Volume 1, Part 3: Madang, Basel: Wepf/University of Basel, Institute of Ethnology, 1995, x + 399 pp, 10 maps. - K. Tauchmann, Reimar Schefold, Minahasa past and present; Tradition and transition in an outer island region of Indonesia, Leiden: Research School CNWS, 1995, 128 pp. - Reinout Vos, Barbara Watson Andaya, To live as brothers; Southeast Sumatra in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1993, xvii + 324 pp.

Undertaking a careful examination of Malcolm Bradbury’s academic novel Eating People Is Wrong (1959) by drawing on Michel Foucault’s Madness and Civilization (1965) and on William Shakespeare’s Hamlet, this paper’s author argues that some individuals, capitalizing on the old-established connection between love and madness, choose to act insane to win others’ sympathy and affections and that their strategy may not always live up to their expectations. The strategy itself, it will be clear, is a reflection of their social superiors’ desire to punish or banish them, of the universal antipathy towards the mad, and of the proclivity for maltreating them. The author also aims to prove that madness is not always the inevitable result of unreciprocated love and that it may as well be brought about by a loveless life. The paper concludes that madness, be it real or sham, never ceases to preoccupy us and that no matter how hard we try to extend sympathy to the mad, they generally continue to occupy the bottom of the social hierarchy. In addition to the foregoing thematic pursuits, it is also hoped that the reader will be given a helpful insight into the academic novel subgenre, which deserves to gain more ascendancy in the literary scene.

O objetivo desta dissertação é analisar, por um viés etico-político, o pensamento dos autores contemporâneos Antonio Negri e Michael Hardt a partir da trilogia Império, Multidão e Comum. A questão filosófica subjacente a toda investigação é como o agir da multidão e a construção do comum contribuem para a construção de uma sociedade mais justa e solidária? A partir de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, o presente trabalho dissertativo está articulado em três capítulos: I) O Império: uma nova governança mundial; II) A Multidão: um novo sujeito éticopolítico; III) O agir ético da multidão: a construção do comum. Com a referida estrutura, tratase, pois, de apresentar a hegemonia do capital como o novo poder soberano, pois a soberania imperial, de acordo com a análise feita por Negri e Hardt, à luz das considerações de Foucault, procura exercer um domínio biopolítico sobre as pessoas, criando subjetividades baseadas no individualismo e no consumismo, capazes de alimentar o próprio sistema capitalista hegemônico e de enfraquecer as formas cooperativas de vida e de trabalho. Nesse cenário, por meio da tecnologia, o trabalho material parece se tornar cada vez mais imaterial, baseado na troca de informações em modelos de rede. Dessa nova configuração e maneira de refletir sobre o trabalho surge a multidão, um movimento de movimentos no qual as singularidades agem de forma cooperativa, trocando saberes e afetos para reconstruir a sociedade, trocando a competição pelo princípio ético da cooperação, inventando novas formas de vida e enchendo de significado os espaços que foram esvaziados pela cultura do individualismo e da competição. O agir ético da multidão procura construir o comum, isto é, distribuir de forma mais equitativa e justa o que é produzido por todos. No eixo filosófico formado por Maquiavel, Espinosa e Marx, Negri e Hardt encontram o fundamento para pensar o ser a partir de sua imanência e realidade histórica e política, aberta e em constante construção, e, por conseguinte, liberta de dogmatismos e de transcendentalismos. Um ser sempre aberto e em potência para agir diante de tudo o que possa impedir a conservação de sua existência. Por fim, tenta-se, portanto, mostrar como, para Negri e Hardt, o princípio ético da cooperação, que marca o agir da multidão, compreende um ser com uma subjetividade liberta de qualquer determinação e capaz de criar uma sociedade mais justa e solidária.
Submitted by Ana Guimarães Pereira (agpereir@ucs.br) on 2015-05-11T17:02:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Darlan Silvestrin.pdf: 1011886 bytes, checksum: 2c7a1f8631aa31d2aa3c010171644b43 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-11T17:02:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Darlan Silvestrin.pdf: 1011886 bytes, checksum: 2c7a1f8631aa31d2aa3c010171644b43 (MD5)
This thesis aims analyzing, in an ethical-political line, the thought of the modern authors Antonio Negri and Michael Hardt through the trilogy Empire, Multitude and Commonwealth. The implicit philosophical question in every inquiry is how the multitude acting and the construction of the common contribute for constructing a society more fair and supportively? After a bibliographic research, this work was divided in three chapters: I) The Empire: a new global governance; II) The Multitude: a new ethical-political individual; III) The multitude ethical acting: building the common. With the referred structure, the capital hegemony is presented as the new sovereign power, as the imperial sovereignty, according to Negri and Hardt’s analysis, in light of Foucault’s considerations, seeks exerting a biopolitical domain over people, creating subjectivities based on individuality and consumerism, capable of feeding the hegemonic capitalist system itself and decreasing the cooperative forms of living and working. In this scenery, through technology, material work seems to become even more immaterial, based on information sharing at network models. From this new arrangement and way of reflecting about working emerges multitude, a move of movements in which singularities act cooperatively, sharing knowledge and warmth to reconstruct society, replacing competition with the cooperation ethical principle, creating new ways of life and filling in spaces emptied by individualism culture and competition with meanings. Multitude ethical acting seeks for constructing the common, i. e., sharing by the equal and fairest way what all produce. In a philosophical line formed by Maquiavel, Espinosa and Marx, Negri and Hardt find basis to think about the being from its immanence and political historical reality, open and in a continual construction, and, thus, free from dogmatisms and transcendentalisms. An always open being with power to act in face of anything that might restrain preserving its existence. Finally, it's tried, thus, to show how, for Negri and Herdt, the cooperation ethical principle, which sets the multitude acting, comprehends a being with subjectivity free from any determination and capable of creating a fairer and more supportive society.

Cette thèse porte sur les discours relatifs à l’allaitement maternel dans les forums de discussion sur Internet. L’enjeu est d’aborder les pratiques discursives des participants au regard des discours d’experts en la matière, qu’ils soient d’ordre institutionnels, relèvent de l’édition ou de la presse grand public de vulgarisation de la puériculture, ou d’associations de promotion de l’allaitement maternel. Nous avons choisi comme approche pour cette démarche une construction conceptuelle empruntée à Antonio Negri et Michael Hardt, l’aliénation autonome. Pouvant être définie comme le processus supposant autant l’interaction de chacun des membres de la société au travers d’appareils disciplinaires, certes plus diffus et plus nombreux que dans la société de contrôle, mais bien existants et actifs, que la conformation individuelle de chacun au discours social dominant, cette construction conceptuelle, appliquée aux discours relatifs à l’allaitement maternel, permet de mettre en évidence les rapports entre le discours des experts et celui des internautes sur les forums de discussion. La première partie est consacrée à un examen des travaux à la fois sur l’allaitement maternel et sur Internet et à l’élaboration de ce cadre théorique centré sur le concept d’aliénation autonome. La seconde partie est une analyse des discours relatifs à l’allaitement maternel, tels qu’on peut les trouver dans l’édition, la presse spécialisée, les publications institutionnelles et celles des associations de promotion de l’allaitement maternel, afin de dégager les différentes thématiques de ce discours. Elles servent de référentiel pour l’analyse du discours des internautes dans la troisième partie. Cette analyse a été réalisée conjointement à partir des données fournies par le logiciel d’analyse lexicométrique « Pistes » et grâce à la méthode d’analyse de contenu. Reprenant les thèmes et arguments du discours dominant sur l’allaitement maternel, interprétant les réalités auxquelles ils sont confrontés en fonction des éléments discursifs qui leur sont ainsi fournis, les internautes incarnent ici le concept d’aliénation autonome. Mais à travers certaines résistances qui parviennent à s’exprimer contre la « doxa de l’allaitement maternel », ils illustrent aussi une autre conceptualisation d’Antonio Negri et de Michael Hardt : celle de « multitude »
This thesis concerns the discourses about breast feeding in the Internet chat rooms. The aim is to focus on the discursive practices of the participants from the expert discourses viewpoint. The concerned discourses can be institutional ones, publishing ones, from baby care popularization popular press or from associations promoting breast feeding. We chose to approach the point with a conceptual construction borrowed to Antonio Negri and Michael Hardt : the autonomous alienation. This conceptual construction that can be defined as a process with the interaction of each society member through disciplinary apparatus that are - it is true -more diffuse and numerous than in the control society but real and active, as well as the individual conformation of each one to the prevailing social discourse, applied to breast feeding discourse allows to put into relieve the links between the expert discourses and the one of net surfers in chat rooms. The first part is dedicated not only to an exam of the works on breast feeding on the Internet but also to the elaboration of the theorical frame focused on the autonomous alienation concept. The second part is an analysis of the breast feeding discourses that we can find in publishing business, specialized newspapers, institutional publications and the publications of associations promoting breast feeding. The goal is to put into relieve the different themes that will be used as references for the discourse analysis of net surfers in the third part. This analysis is based on data from the word count analysis software called “Pistes” and also owing to the content analysis method.If we look at the themes and arguments of the main discourse about breast feeding that interprets the realities they are confronted to, according to the discursive elements that are given to them, net surfers represent here the autonomous alienation concept. But through some resistances that can be expressed against the “breast feeding doxa”, they also represent another conceptualization of Antonio Negri and Michael Hardt : the “multitude” one

Cette thèse vise à éclairer le rôle économique de la science et de la technologie dans le cadre du capitalisme. À cette fin, elle s’enracine d’abord dans une discussion des thèses développées à ce sujet par Karl Marx à l’égard du capitalisme industriel qu’il avait sous les yeux. En tenant compte de la transition du capitalisme industriel au capitalisme avancé, elle s’intéresse ensuite au rôle que joue la production scientifique et technologique dans le contexte spécifique du capitalisme avancé. Prenant le contrepied de la théorie de l’« économie immatérielle » développée par Michael Hardt et Antonio Negri, l’objectif de cette thèse est double. Elle vise, d’une part, à mettre au jour et reconstruire la façon dont Marx problématise le rapport de la science et de la technologie à la dynamique économique de son époque et, de l’autre, à éclairer les modalités et les enjeux liés à l’intégration de la production scientifique et technologique au sein de la dynamique économique contemporaine
This dissertation aims to clarify the economic role of science and technology within capitalism. To this end, it is first rooted in a discussion of the ideas elaborated by Karl Marx on this topic in respect with the industrial capitalism that was unfolding before him. Taking into account the transition from industrial to advanced capitalism, this dissertation then seeks to question the economic role of scientific and technological production into the specific context of advanced capitalism. Supporting an opposing view to the theory of “immaterial economy”, as developed by Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri, this dissertation has a twofold objective. On the one hand, it aims to uncover and reconstruct the way Marx problematizes the relationship of science and technology to the economical dynamics of his time and, on the other hand, to clarify the issues relating to the integration of scientific and technological production into contemporary economical dynamics

How can the new dynamic in European integration politics during the second half of the 1980’s be explained? What were the driving forces behind the Single European Act, the achievement of the Single Market, the Schengen agreement, the EC’s expansion to the south, and the new steps towards Monetary Union and the Common Foreign and Security Policy? In this book, using numerous discoveries from the archives, historians from 12 countries show how the European Community reacted to the challenges of globalisation and the reform initiatives by Mikhail Gorbachev. In doing so, they write a new chapter in the history of European integration: the emergence of the European Union. With contributions by Marta Alorda, Andrea Brait, Frédéric Bozo, Eric Bussière, Deborah Cuccia, Alice Cunha, Anjo G. Harryvan, Michael Gehler, Gilles Grin, Maria Eleonora Guasconi, Georg Kreis, Wilfried Loth, Marco Lovec, N. Piers Ludlow, Simone Paoli, Nicolae Paun, Kiran Klaus Patel, Daniela Preda, Frederike Schotters, Jasper Trautsch, Jan van der Harst, Laurent Warlouzet

In February 1980, Ridley Scott signed on to direct a film based on Philip K. Dick’s novel Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? During development of the project the film became Blade Runner, a highly influential science fiction film set in a dystopian Los Angeles of the near future. The production was highly inventive and the narrative experimental. Scott pushed the cast and crew hard because of the limited amount of time he had to put his vision on film. The producers were constantly hounding him over what they considered excesses and lack of respect for the schedule, actually firing him and his producer Michael Deeley at one point, only to rehire them days later, although they constantly threatened to take the film over. Narration included for clarity slowed the film down and was eventually removed after the initial release. Blade Runner is a landmark film in visual effects and for its sophisticated narrative and complex characters.

Although the tenth anniversary of the crisis pictured Love Canal as a thing of the past, the area still inspired dreams of development in the future. That became clear in September 1988, when Health Commissioner David Axelrod returned to Niagara Falls to announce that the state would back Love Canal resettlement. The longtime mayor of Niagara Falls, Michael O’Loughlin, beamed at the news. This was the first “positive statement about Love Canal” in years, he said. Axelrod’s resettlement recommendation was the result of a five-year, $14 million study. Using massive amounts of test data, the study drilled down into Love Canal’s new nature to see if the monumental remediation plan had worked. The study determined that parts of the ten-block Emergency Declaration Area (EDA) had acceptable chemical levels and only slightly higher contamination risks than comparison areas hard by landfills, steel plants, and old manufacturing facilities in the American Rust Belt. While no one could certify the neighborhood’s absolute safety, Axelrod proposed that people might soon move into sections of the nearly empty subdivision. Former residents again fumed at Axelrod. Joann Hale called Axelrod’s decision “piece meal,” at best, and dangerous at worst. Anything but a “black and white” answer about the safety of resettlement was wrong. The ETF’s Roger Cook said that resettlement posed “unacceptable risks” to future residents. Janet Ecker, a former resident not known for screaming and shouting, told a reporter that Axelrod’s announcement was “very sad.” “I don’t agree it is a safe place. The chemicals don’t know that they’re supposed to stop” at certain places. The mere mention of Love Canal brought back unhappy memories to Ecker, who left in 1980 for Florida and was still “glad to be as far away as I can get from that place.” Lois Gibbs went even further: it was morally wrong for the state to resettle the area. As these divergent perspectives on Axelrod’s announcement indicated, Love Canal remained a hotly contested environment well after final evacuation had occurred.