Academic literature on the topic 'Harman method'
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Journal articles on the topic "Harman method"
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Ao, Xianyu, Johannes de Boor, and Volker Schmidt. "Radiation-Corrected Harman Method for Characterization of Thermoelectric Materials." Advanced Energy Materials 1, no. 6 (2011): 1007–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201100272.
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Iwasaki, Hideo, Hiroyuki Morita, and Yasuhiro Hasegawa. "Evaluation of Thermoelectric Properties in Bi-Microwires by the Harman Method." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 47, no. 5 (2008): 3576–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.47.3576.
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Kwon, Beomjin, Seung-Hyub Baek, Seong Keun Kim, and Jin-Sang Kim. "Impact of parasitic thermal effects on thermoelectric property measurements by Harman method." Review of Scientific Instruments 85, no. 4 (2014): 045108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4870413.
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Iwasaki, Hideo, Mikio Koyano, and Hidenobu Hori. "Evaluation of the Figure of Merit on Thermoelectric Materials by Harman Method." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 41, Part 1, No. 11A (2002): 6606–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.41.6606.
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Iwasaki, Hideo, Shin-ya Yokoyama, Tomoharu Tsukui, Mikio Koyano, Hidenobu Hori, and Seijirou Sano. "Evaluation of the Figure of Merit of Thermoelectric Modules by Harman Method." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 42, Part 1, No. 6A (2003): 3707–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.42.3707.
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Kobayashi, Wataru, Wataru Tamura, and Ichiro Terasaki. "Thermal Conductivity of Thermoelectric Rhodium Oxides Measured by a Modified Harman Method." Journal of the Physical Society of Japan 77, no. 7 (2008): 074606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jpsj.77.074606.
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Castillo, Eduardo E., Claudiu L. Hapenciuc, and Theodorian Borca-Tasciuc. "Thermoelectric characterization by transient Harman method under nonideal contact and boundary conditions." Review of Scientific Instruments 81, no. 4 (2010): 044902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3374120.
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Muñoz Rojo, Miguel, Juan José Romero, Daniel Ramos, Diana-Andra Borca-Tasciuc, Theodorian Borca-Tasciuc, and Marisol Martín Gonzalez. "Modeling of transient thermoelectric transport in Harman method for films and nanowires." International Journal of Thermal Sciences 89 (March 2015): 193–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2014.10.014.
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Theo, Yohanes. "Membongkar Onto-Taksonomi: Tawaran Graham Harman bagi Alam." Lumen Veritatis: Jurnal Filsafat dan Teologi 15, no. 1 (2024): 31–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.30822/lumenveritatis.v15i1.2992.
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When we read that the weather is not in good condition, often our hearts are touched to do something for the Earth, our home. However, it means that we are making the Earth as an object that exists independently of us? This perspective tends to place humans “higher” than non-human entities. Graham Harman dismantles that duality and proposes a way return to its being, asserting that both have an equivalent ontological basis that can no longer be reduced. This thought does not want to show that we are helpless in the face of nature, but we can do some action through aesthetics. This paper will use a fully literature-based method and rotate around the axis of Graham Harman’s thinking, especially the principles of Object-Oriented Ontology (OOO). This new proposition is expected to provide us with a better basis for how we perceive nature
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Harman, David Brendan, and Peter R. Johnston. "Using the stochastic Galerkin method as a predictive tool during an epidemic." ANZIAM Journal 59 (July 25, 2019): C301—C317. http://dx.doi.org/10.21914/anziamj.v59i0.12654.
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The ability to accurately predict the course of an epidemic is extremely important. This article looks at an influenza outbreak that spread through a small boarding school. Predictions are made on multiple days throughout the epidemic using the stochastic Galerkin method to consider a range of plausible values for the parameters. These predictions are then compared to known data points. Predictions made before the peak of the epidemic had much larger variances compared to predictions made after the peak of the epidemic.
 
 References B. M. Chen-Charpentier, J. C. Cortes, J. V. Romero, and M. D. Rosello. Some recommendations for applying gPC (generalized polynomial chaos) to modeling: An analysis through the Airy random differential equation. Applied Mathematics and Computation, 219(9):4208 4218, 2013. doi:10.1016/j.amc.2012.11.007 B. M. Chen-Charpentier and D. Stanescu. Epidemic models with random coefficients. Mathematical and Computer Modelling, 52:1004 1010, 2010. doi:10.1016/j.mcm.2010.01.014 D. B. Harman and P. R. Johnston. Applying the stochastic galerkin method to epidemic models with individualised parameter distributions. In Proceedings of the 12th Biennial Engineering Mathematics and Applications Conference, EMAC-2015, volume 57 of ANZIAM J., pages C160C176, August 2016. doi:10.21914/anziamj.v57i0.10394 D. B. Harman and P. R. Johnston. Applying the stochastic galerkin method to epidemic models with uncertainty in the parameters. Mathematical Biosciences, 277:25 37, 2016. doi:10.1016/j.mbs.2016.03.012 D. B. Harman and P. R. Johnston. Boarding house: find border. 2019. doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.7699844.v1 D. B. Harman and P. R. Johnston. SIR uniform equations. 2 2019. doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.7692392.v1 H. W. Hethcote. The mathematics of infectious diseases. SIAM Review, 42(4):599653, 2000. doi:10.1137/S0036144500371907 R.I. Hickson and M.G. Roberts. How population heterogeneity in susceptibility and infectivity influences epidemic dynamics. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 350(0):70 80, 2014. doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2014.01.014 W. O. Kermack and A. G. McKendrick. A contribution to the mathematical theory of epidemics. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, 115(772):700721, August 1927. doi:10.1098/rspa.1927.0118 M. G. Roberts. A two-strain epidemic model with uncertainty in the interaction. The ANZIAM Journal, 54:108115, 10 2012. doi:10.1017/S1446181112000326 M. G. Roberts. Epidemic models with uncertainty in the reproduction number. Journal of Mathematical Biology, 66(7):14631474, 2013. doi:10.1007/s00285-012-0540-y F. Santonja and B. Chen-Charpentier. Uncertainty quantification in simulations of epidemics using polynomial chaos. Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine, 2012:742086, 2012. doi:10.1155/2012/742086 Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre (Public Health Laboratory Service) and Communicable Diseases (Scotland) Unit. Influenza in a boarding school. BMJ, 1(6112):587, 1978. doi:10.1136/bmj.1.6112.586 G. Strang. Linear Algebra and Its Applications. Thomson, Brooks/Cole, 2006. D. Xiu. Numerical Methods for Stochastic Computations: A Spectral Method Approach. Princeton University Press, 2010.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Harman method"
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Penny, Lori Lynn. "The Kodály Method and Tonal Harmony: An Issue of Post-secondary Pedagogical Compatibility." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23132.
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This study explores the topic of music theory pedagogy in conjunction with the Kodály concept of music education and its North-American adaptation by Lois Choksy. It investigates the compatibility of the Kodály Method with post-secondary instruction in tonal harmony, using a theoretical framework derived from Kodály’s methodology and implemented as a teaching strategy for the dominant-seventh chord. The customary presentation of this concept is authenticated with an empirical case study involving four university professors. Subsequently, Kodály’s four-step instructional process informs a comparative analysis of five university-level textbooks that evaluates the sequential placement of V7, examines the procedure by which it is presented, and considers the inclusion of correlated musical excerpts. Although divergent from traditional approaches to tonal harmony, Kodály’s principles and practices are pedagogically effective. By progressing from concrete to abstract, preceding symbolization with extensive musical experience, conceptual understandings are not only intellectualized, but are developed and internalized.
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Carbas, Serdar. "Optimum Topological Design Of Geometrically Nonlinear Single Layer Lamella Domes Using Harmony Search Method." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12609634/index.pdf.
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Harmony search method based optimum topology design algorithm is presented for single layer lamella domes. The harmony search method is a numerical optimization technique developed recently that imitates the musical performance process which takes place when a musician searches for a better state of harmony. Jazz improvisation seeks to find musically pleasing harmony similar to the optimum design process which seeks to find the optimum solution. The optimum design algorithm developed imposes the behavioral and performance constraints in accordance with LRFD-AISC. The optimum number of rings, the height of the crown and the tubular cross-sectional designations for dome members are treated as design variables. The member grouping is allowed so that the same section can be adopted for each group. The design algorithm developed has a routine that build the data for the geometry of the dome automatically that covers the numbering of joints, and member incidences, and the computation of the coordinates of joints. Due to the slenderness and the presence of imperfections in dome structures it is necessary to consider the geometric nonlinearity in the prediction of their response under the external loading. Design examples are considered to demonstrate the efficiency of the algorithm presented.
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Forster, Raymond. "An investigation into a cohesive method of teaching jazz harmony and improvisation to elective music students in secondary schools using the basic principals of chord-scale theory." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/7284.
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This study investigates and suggests a coherent method/curriculum of teaching the basic principals of ‘chord-scale theory’ to elective music students in high schools with a view of increasing and enhancing their skill and understanding of modern jazz harmony and improvisation. The teaching was delivered as a series of eight lessons to a group of Year 10 elective music students in a school in NSW, Australia. In doing so, the purpose of the study was not only to provide information to the students on the harmonic implications of this theory (chords), but also to suggest improvisational possibilities (scales), and to record their personal or group responses to these lessons. The conclusions reached are the results of questionnaires, class recordings, class and individual participation, the students’ general enthusiasm for the subject, and the relevance of the lessons to statements about improvisation in the Music syllabuses of the NSW Board of Studies.
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Roncen, Thomas. "Réponses vibratoires non-linéaires dans un contexte industriel : essais et simulations sous sollicitations sinusoïdale et aléatoire en présence d'incertitudes." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSEC036/document.
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Ces travaux de thèse portent sur l'étude expérimentale et numérique de structures mécaniques non-linéaires soumises à des vibrations sinusoïdales et aléatoires. L'étude prend en compte l'existence d'incertitudes au sein du protocole expérimentale et de la modélisation. Les études expérimentales menées au CEA/CESTA montrent que la réponse des structures assemblées à des sollicitations vibratoires est fortement dépendante du niveau d'excitation d'une part, et que la réponse obtenue possède une variabilité, parfois importante. Ces résultats expérimentaux ne peuvent pas être reproduits en simulation avec la méthode de simulation vibratoire linéaire déterministe classique.L'objectif de ces travaux est de proposer et de mettre en place des méthodes numériques pour étudier ces réponses non-linéaires, et de quantifier et propager les incertitudes pertinentes au sein des calculs. Cet objectif passe par l'étude de maquettes d'essai de complexité croissante et sujettes aux mêmes phénomènes vibratoires que les objets d'étude industriels du CEA/CESTA. Les méthodes de simulation vibratoire non-linéaires et les techniques numériques développées dans le monde académique sont adaptées et utilisées dans le contexte industriel du CEA/CESTA.Le premier objet d'étude est une poutre métallique bi-encastrée, dont la non-linéarité est d'origine géométrique. Le modèle associé à cette poutre est un oscillateur de Duffing à un degré de liberté très détaillé dans la littérature scientifique, et qui permet de valider les développements numériques effectués, sur les aspects de l'excitation aléatoire et de la propagation d'incertitudes. Dans un premier temps, les méthodes de tir et d'équilibrage harmonique sont étendues au cas de l'excitation aléatoire et validées sur cette structure académique par comparaison à l'expérience. Dans un second temps, une méthode de propagation d'incertitude non-intrusive est implémentée pour prendre en compte les incertitudes de modélisation identifiées.Le second objet d'étude est une maquette comportant un plot élastomère reliant une masselotte à un bâti. Le comportement non-linéaire de l'élastomère est au c\oe ur de ces travaux de thèse. De nombreux essais vibratoires sont réalisés dans un premier temps pour identifier un modèle non-linéaire de l'élastomère juste suffisant. Dans un second temps, le modèle développé est validé par comparaison aux essais en utilisant et adaptant les méthodes étendues lors de l'étude de la poutre bi-encastrée.Enfin, une maquette d'étude se rapprochant d'un cas d'application industriel est étudiée : la maquette Harmonie-Gamma. Elle compte des interfaces frottantes et des liaisons élastomères. Les essais vibratoires réalisés permettent d'identifier le comportement dynamique linéaire et non-linéaire du système et d'étudier l'évolution de la réponse en fonction du niveau d'excitation. Un modèle numérique est réalisé par éléments finis puis réduit par une méthode de sous-structuration. Les relations non-linéaires sont introduites au niveau des liaisons frottantes et élastomères. La réponse vibratoire de la structure est simulée par la méthode d'équilibrage harmonique couplée à un algorithme de continuation. Les comparaisons essais / calculs sont menées pour les excitations de type sinus balayé et aléatoire, et permettent d'analyser l'apport de chaque non-linéarité dans la réponse de la structure<br>This PhD work focuses on the experimental and numerical study of nonlinear structures subjected to both harmonic and random vibrations, in the presence of modeling and experimental uncertainties. Experimental studies undertaken at the CEA / CESTA show a strong dependence of the jointed structures towards the excitation level, as well as a variability in the response for a given excitation level. These experimental results cannot be simulated using the classical determinist linear vibration simulation method.The objective of this work is to propose and set up numerical methods to study these nonlinear responses, while quantifying and propagating the relevant uncertainties in the simulations. This objective involves the study of structural assemblies of increasing complexity and subjected to the same vibratory phenomena as CEA / CESTA industrial structures. Advanced nonlinear numerical methods developed in academia are applied in the CEA / CESTA industrial context.The first test structure is a clamped-clamped steel beam that has a geometrical nonlinearity. The beam is modeled by a Duffing oscillator which is a widely studied model in the field of nonlinear dynamics. This allows for a validation of the numerical developments proposed in this work, first on the issue of random vibrations, and second on the issue of the propagation of uncertainties. The simulations are based on two techniques of reference (shooting method and harmonic balance method). Firstly, the simulation results are validated by comparison with the experimental results for random vibrations. Secondly, the harmonic balance method is used in adequation with a non-intrusive polynomial chaos in order to take into accounts the modeling uncertainties.The second test structure is a mass linked to a solid casing via a vibration-absorbing elastomeric material of biconical shape surrounded by a cage of aluminum. The nonlinear behavior of the elastomer is at the heart of this work. Various vibration tests were performed on this structure in order to identify the simplest nonlinear model possible to answer our queries. The identified model is validated through comparisons between the simulation results and the experimental results for both sine-swept and random vibrations.The central assembly of this work is an industrial assembly with friction joints and vibration-absorbing elastomeric joints, named Harmonie-Gamma. The vibration tests performed exhibit resonance modes as well as a strong dependency of the response with the excitation level. A numerical finite element model is developed and reduced with a substructuration technique. The resulting nonlinear reduced model is simulated using an harmonic balance method with a continuation method. The simulated responses are compared with the experiments and allow for an analysis of coupled nonlinearities in the CEA / CESTA industrial context
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Erdal, Ferhat. "Ultimate Load Capacity Of Optimally Designed Cellular Beams." Phd thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613007/index.pdf.
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Cellular beams became increasingly popular as an efficient structural form in
steel construction since their introduction. Their sophisticated design and
profiling process provides greater flexibility in beam proportioning for
strength, depth, size and location of circular holes. The purpose of
manufacturing these beams is to increase overall beam depth, the moment of
inertia and section modulus, which results in greater strength and rigidity.
Cellular beams are used as primary or secondary floor beams in order to
achieve long spans and service integration. They are also used as roof beams
beyond the range of portal-frame construction, and are the perfect solution for
curved roof applications, combining weight savings with a low-cost
manufacturing process.
The purpose of the current research is to study optimum design, ultimate load
capacity under applied load and finite element analysis of non-composite
cellular beams. The first part of the research program focuses on the optimum
design of steel cellular beams using one of the stochastic search methods called
&ldquo<br>harmony search algorithm&rdquo<br>. The minimum weight is taken as the design
objective while the design constraints are implemented from the Steel
Construction Institute. Design constraints include the displacement limitations,
overall beam flexural capacity, beam shear capacity, overall beam buckling
strength, web post flexure and buckling, vierendeel bending of upper and lower
tees and local buckling of compression flange. The design methods adopted in
this publication are consistent with BS5950. In the second part of the research,
which is the experimental work, twelve non-composite cellular beams are
tested to determine the ultimate load carrying capacities of these beams under
using a hydraulic plug to apply point load. The tested cellular beam specimens
have been designed by using harmony search algorithm. Finally, finite element
analysis program is used to perform elastic buckling analysis and predict
critical loads of all steel cellular beams. Finite element analysis results are then
compared with experimental test results for each tested cellular beam.
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Cuevas, Rebecca Frost. "TURKISH TO GO: TEACHING INTELLECTUAL SKILLS ONLINE." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2014. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/111.
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This project explores research-based methods for creating an e-learning resource to teach an intellectual skill. Intellectual skills are one of the five domains of learning defined by Robert M. Gagné. The intellectual skill taught via the e-learning resource is the rules of Turkish vowel harmony, a fundamental phonological feature of the Turkish language. The purpose of the e-learning resource is to provide novice learners with a set of tools and strategies with which to approach the future study of Turkish.
A literature review was conducted in three areas: Gagné’s instructional design theories, Turkish language learning, and best practices for the design of multimedia e-learning. Two rapid prototypes in the form of Moodle course sites were developed. Guidance for improving the prototypes was sought from experts in instructional design, usability, and computer software. The resulting finished e-learning product is a nine-topic Moodle course based on Gagné’s nine events of instruction.
The main Moodle course content teaches the rules of Turkish vowel harmony as an intellectual skill which has been broken down into discriminations (the Turkish vowels), concepts (the Turkish vowel groups) and rules (Turkish vowel harmony). Higher order rules are taught in the form of exceptions to the rules of Turkish vowel harmony found in foreign loan-words in Turkish. Practice is provided in applying the rules of Turkish vowel harmony as a set of word attack skills for approaching Turkish language artifacts found online and in the environment. A comprehensive list of resources relating to learning Turkish, learning about the Turkish language, and learning about learning Turkish, is provided to facilitate future extension and application of what was learned in this course.
Each lesson is presented in the form of a Moodle book. Each lesson is followed by an ungraded assessment in the form of an Adobe® PDF quiz. The quizzes and accompanying answer keys are designed to provide guided practice, feedback, and self-assessment to help students extend and apply the lesson material. All lessons were beta-tested to ensure usability and reduction of extraneous cognitive load.
The project resulted in the development of a Best Practices Checklist for designing e-learning resources to teach intellectual skills. The Best Practices Checklist, which can be found in Appendix B, was used to develop the outline for e-learning resources to teach intellectual skills in other subject areas and was found to be an effective rapid prototyping and instructional design tool. Insight was gained into the significance of prior knowledge for teaching intellectual skills, and on how to calibrate cognitive load in e-learning design relative to the learner’s prior knowledge of the subject matter being taught.
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Mohelník, Ladislav. "Kořeny moravské urbanistické struktury." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233261.
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The thesis has been written on the basis of main architectural concepts and their application in real life within a historical context investigation. Main architectural concepts are represented in a harmony of architectural composition that deals with relations among form, structure and space in the unique art work. Genius loci play very important role in the architectural creation - it represents a special and extra-ordinary urban locality and its architectural value in the historical, geographical and cultural context. The origin of Ostravice village within the historical frame concept of Moravia domain is the topic of this thesis. Other historical documents gave information about Bruneswerde as the Brno Castle. That means Brno Castle had to be founded not in Brno (as it has been consid-ered for many years) but it was located in Beskydy at Ostravice. The sacred city – Civitas Dei had been located in Bruneswerde region in early ages as the centre of European culture, education and spiritual life. Civitas Dei – divine Jerusalem in the transcription of St. Augustine's book De civitate Dei – is not only glorification of God and religious fantasy. It is also one of significant clues for recognition of historical architecture. The depiction of unknown settlement from the book of unde-fined origin is a superb testimony about extinct architectural works. They are legible from cadastral maps. Brno Castle - residence of nobility and power served shelter to St. Vojtěch, St. Prokop, St. Václav and St. Ludmila as it is obvious for the mentioned picture. Three major temples, three com-position axes symbolized by three towers on coins are in analogical relation to Brno triangle of four saints - the Saint family of Brno temples. Powerful ambitions of Brno City principals and clergy are inscribed into the urban structure in the way of composition relations which are legible to them who devoted themselves to the mystery of harmony. The absence of historical continuity affects personal attitudes and also identity of the whole community. The architecture truly reflects the past state of polis and it is eloquent even after its death. The architectural composition relations influence the natural environment for long time, longer than the architectural work existence. The geometric order of Renaissance Brno existence has not been in attention of architects so far. The features were discovered in characteristic paintings by Albrecht Durer. They are evidently secret works of the genius. A meaningful collaborator and follower in the extensive project was also his friend Jan Čert from Brno and lately from Vienna. His noble genealogy played a significant role in history of Silesia and Moravia for centuries. It is tendency to consider him as Austrian or even German architect. It is because of the fact that the genealogy tree of his noble family had roots in Moravia. It is supposed that Durer with Jan Čert´s support created the extraordinarily monumental architectural and urban works in Brno. A remarkable consensus in the urban composition of two squares and transition of traditional urban structure of Ostravice Civitas Dei into the modern Brno is also confirmed due to the identification of noble creators and owners, who were at the foundation, transformation and extinction of elements of the Moravian urban structure.
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Minooei, Mazloom Seyed Mohammad. "Design optimization of large-scale structures with advanced meta-heuristic methods." Doctoral thesis, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11589/239680.
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Metaheuristic algorithms nowadays represent the standard approach to engineering optimization. A very challenging field is large scale structural optimization entailing hundreds of design variables and thousands of nonlinear constraints on element stresses and nodal displacements. However, a very few studies documented the use of metaheuristic algorithms in large scale structural optimization. In order to fill this gap, an enhanced hybrid harmony search (HS) algorithm for weight minimization of large scale truss structures is presented in this PhD dissertation. The new algorithm, Large Scale Structural Optimization - Hybrid Harmony Search JAYA (LSSO-HHSJA), developed here combines a well established method like HS with a very recent method like JAYA, which has however the simplest and inherently most powerful search engine amongst metaheuristic optimizers. All stages of LSSO-HHSJA are aimed at reducing the number of structural analyses required in large scale structural optimization. The basic idea is to move along descent directions to generate new trial designs: directly through the use of gradient information in the HS phase, indirectly by correcting trial designs with JA-based operators that push search towards the best design currently stored in the population or the best design included in some local neighborhood of the currently analyzed trial design. The proposed algorithm is tested in three large scale weight minimization problems of truss structures. Optimization results obtained for the three benchmark examples with up to 280 sizing variables and 37374 nonlinear constraints prove the efficiency of the proposed LSSO-HHSJA algorithm, which is very competive with other HS and JAYA variants as well as with commercial gradient-based optimizers. The possibility of using the same hybridization strategy for another metaheuristic algorithm such as Big Bang-Big Crunch is also investigated by solving two highly nonlinear design problems including up to 84 variables, (i) shape optimization of a concrete dam and (ii) discrete layout optimization of a planar steel frame, to prove the feasibility of the proposed approach.
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Kobus, Angela Jean. "A remedial aural development programme for advanced music students." Diss., 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/17108.
Full textAbstract:
The aural development process is governed by the attitude of the teacher, student, the time
factor, methodology employed and materials available. This process and the aforementioned
contributing factors are explored within the context of the current requirements of the aural and
practical musicianship examination syllabi of The Royal Schools of Music, Trinity College and
UNISA.
Suitable methods are explored which should develop skills enabling the student to deal with
sounds and their corresponding symbols, first in isolation then within a musical context with
attention to the curriculum, musical skills and personal development of the student within a
positive learning situation.
Four main areas of development are isolated i.e. rhythm, pitch, harmony and critical ear skills.
A suitable development programme is presented in each area focusing on systematic skill
development.<br>Musicology<br>M.Mus. (Musicology)
Books on the topic "Harman method"
1
Kaye, Robert. The classical method: Classical improvisation & compositional theory and harmony. 4th ed. AuthorHouse, 2004.
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Kaye, Robert. The classical method: Classical improvisation & compositional theory and harmony. AuthorHouse, 2004.
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Aldwell, Edward. Harmony and voice leading: Workbook. 2nd ed. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1989.
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Aldwell, Edward. Harmony and voice leading. 2nd ed. Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich, 1989.
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Harrison, Mark. Contemporary music theory level three: A complete harmony and theory method for the pop & jazz musician. Harrison Music Education Systems, 2001.
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Mark, Harrison. Contemporary music theory level 2: A complete harmony and theory method for the pop & jazz musician. Harrison Music Education Systems, 1995.
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Mechsner, Wolfgang. Spielen und Begleiten: Lied- und Songbegleitung von Anfang an : erste Schritte zum Jazzklavier. Thiasos-Musikverlag, 2002.
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Disler, Mary Jo. Guitar QuickStart: A guide to playing and understanding music reading and chord techniques. Lyra House Music Publications, 1994.
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Pöhlert, Werner. Basic mediantic: New improvisation method : modern jazz/mainstream and others : for keyboard/piano, guitar/bass, single tone or melody instruments. Werner Pöhlert, 1994.
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Pöhlert, Werner. Basic mediantic, blues mediantic: New improvisation method, modern jazz/mainstream and others, for keyboard/piano, guitar/bass, single tone or melody instruments. K. F. Schimper, 1994.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Harman method"
1
De Marchi, A., V. Giaretto, S. Caron, A. Tona, and A. Muscio. "A Comparison of Thermoelectric Devices Evaluation Results Obtained with a Harman Method Based and a Porcupine Method Based zT Meters." In Proceedings of the 11th European Conference on Thermoelectrics. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07332-3_8.
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Reid, Pauline. "Eye and Book." In Object Oriented Environs. punctum books, 2016. https://doi.org/10.21983/p3.0130.1.12.
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My things, the eye and the book, uneasily transgress the boundary between objects and media. Following Bruno Latour’s call to investigate the ways objects “block, render possible,” or “forbid” rather than merely structure our experiences, this essay explores how visual perception com-plicated early modern encounters with the book as object.1 I situate the relation between eye and book within a historically specific early modern material and intellectual environment. Material things shape, to cite gra-ham Harman, how we perceive perception. Even so, our cultural models of perception necessarily color how we approach these things. A focus on objects’ environs implies an ecological, networked reading of objects and, I would argue, a historical one. Historical phenomenology can link objects with their temporal as well as spatial environs. Rather than fol-lowing Husserl and Heidegger’s model of a transcendent human con-sciousness that intentionally “brackets” off the object from its environs, I here adopt phenomenology as a method for discovering co-habitations and disturbances between body and object. Traditional phenomenology often removes perception from a historical and spatial index in order to determine first principles. Instead, as I will explore with the eye, the body manifested as part of a network of objects that continuously patterned and altered perception in early modern thought. This characterization of the human body and its parts as objects as well as perceptual media draws in part from Rosalyn Diprose’s claim that phenomenology acts as an “interworld” between the human body and the external object,2 as well as from Sarah Ahmed’s claim that objects and spaces “impress” themselves on the body to the point where they become a “second skin.”3 Perception is here not transcendent, but physically situated; the percipient-object relationship is not static, but mutually dynamic.
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Carstensen, J. Torben, Thomas Hassel, and Hans Jürgen Maier. "Regeneration and Surface Hardening of Titanium Components Using the Example of Titanium Alloy Ti6Al4V." In Regeneration of Complex Capital Goods. Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-51395-4_12.
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AbstractIn this chapter, two different methods for repairing titanium components are presented. These include patch repair and additive repair using metal inert gas welding and wire-and-arc additive manufacturing. The use of inoculant and flux to affect the weld zone is discussed for both repair methods. Using the titanium alloy Ti6Al4V, it is shown that both flux and inoculant can be used to improve the mechanical properties of the overall joint. In addition, local atmospheric nitriding is presented, which is a method to locally harden the surface of titanium components. Surface hardness of more than 800 HV1 were achieved.
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Sharma, Mayank Satya Prakash, Ranjeet Singh Tomar, Nikhil Paliwal, and Prashant Shrivastava. "Fused Image Separation with Scatter Graphical Method." In Harmony Search and Nature Inspired Optimization Algorithms. Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0761-4_13.
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Kumar Vatti, V. B., Ramadevi Sri, and M. S. Kumar Mylapalli. "Second Derivative-Free Two-Step Extrapolated Newton’s Method." In Harmony Search and Nature Inspired Optimization Algorithms. Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0761-4_101.
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Grydehøj, Adam, and Ping Su. "Culture, theory, and methods." In China and the Pursuit of Harmony in World Politics. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003259794-2.
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Soliman, Francesca. "Theory, Methodology, and Methods." In Social Harm at the Border. Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003348177-3.
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Mallik, Kumar Gourab, and Sutirtha Kumar Guha. "A Regulated Computer Cooling Method: An Eco-Friendly Approach." In Harmony Search and Nature Inspired Optimization Algorithms. Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0761-4_57.
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Fesanghary, Mohammad. "An Introduction to the Hybrid HS-SQP Method and Its Applications." In Recent Advances In Harmony Search Algorithm. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04317-8_9.
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Valdez, Fevrier, Cinthia Peraza, and Oscar Castillo. "Proposed Fuzzy Harmony Search Method." In General Type-2 Fuzzy Logic in Dynamic Parameter Adaptation for the Harmony Search Algorithm. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43950-7_3.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Harman method"
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Feng, Fan, and Chen Liang. "High-resolution Space-variant Shack–Hartmann Wavefront Reconstruction." In Adaptive Optics: Methods, Analysis and Applications. Optica Publishing Group, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/aopt.2024.of1f.5.
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Space-variant wavefront reconstruction plays a crucial role in large field-of-view imaging. Instead of using affine transformation, displacement fields of subimages within Shack–Hartmann sensor are evaluated using polynomial model, resulting in improved resolution for space-variant functions.
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Iwasaki, H., and H. Hori. "Thermoelectric property measurements by the improved Harman method." In ICT 2005. 24th International Conference on Thermoelectrics, 2005. IEEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ict.2005.1519995.
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Castillo, Eduardo E., and Theodorian Borca-Tasciuc. "Development of a Scanning Transient Harman Method for Thermoelectric Properties Characterization." In ASME 2008 3rd Energy Nanotechnology International Conference collocated with the Heat Transfer, Fluids Engineering, and Energy Sustainability Conferences. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/enic2008-53038.
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Low-dimensional nanostructures and nano-composites may demonstrate a large enhancement of the thermoelectric figure of merit ZT, therefore measurements of their thermoelectric properties are of high interest. Techniques able to screen the thermoelectric properties of a large number of samples and also to measure the spatial distribution of thermoelectric properties in a specimen are needed. This work explores a scanning transient technique for thermoelectric characterization of thin films based on the Harman method. A one dimensional theoretical model was used to investigate the appropriate experimental setup and the effect of a scanning electrode/thermal probe contacting the top surface of the specimen. Results indicate that for micrometer thick films of ZT∼1 small current values of the order of mA and electrical contact resistance below 1 Ω are necessary to minimize the Joule heating effects and to take advantage of the Peltier effect when employing the bipolar technique. A proof of concept experiment was performed on an n-type Bi2Te3 pellet used in a commercial thermoelectric device. The experiment lays out the strategy to extract the thermoelectric properties. Seebeck coefficient of −241 μV/K and thermal conductivity of 1.48 W/m.K were obtained from the transient Harman method when the data reduction model included energy losses through the wire. These results prelude the feasibility of the scanning technique on thin film samples.
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Pilipenko, V. "THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ARCHITECTURAL AND ARTISTIC REPRESENTATION AND MODERN SCIENTIFIC AND PHILOSOPHICAL DOCTRINES." In Aesthetic Problems of Environmental Design. LCC MAKS Press, 2024. https://doi.org/10.29003/m4214.978-5-317-07275-9/74-81.
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The article is devoted to the problem of the relationship between the holistic aesthetic idea of architecture and modern scientific and philosophical doctrines. The historiography of the issue covers two principles of C. Meillassoux in the criticism of correlationism, the method of object-oriented ontology of G. Harman, the actor-network theory of B. Latour, the movement of “poststructuralism” on an equal basis with the philosophical views on deconstructionism and parametric architecture of P. Schumacher, the performative understanding of architecture A. Shweder and P. Gadano. As a result, a number of conclusions are drawn that, to one degree or another, the main scientific and philosophical doctrines of the current time influence the architectural idea.
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Cai, Xinghui, Guanghui Su, and Suizheng Qiu. "Meshless Local Petrov-Galerkin Method for the Steady Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Flow in Rectangular Ducts With Arbitrary Wall Conductivity." In 18th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone18-29046.
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In this paper, a meshless local Petrov-Galerkin (MLPG) method is given to obtain the numerical solution of the coupled equations in velocity and magnetic field for the steady magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow through a straight duct of rectangular section. Mehdi Dehghan has applied MLPG method to solve the MHD flow control equations at Hartmman numbers less than 40. The integration subdomain is properly adjusted to carry out the computations for Hartmman numbers from 5 to 400. Numerical results show that the MLPG method with adjusted integration subdomains can compute MHD problems not only at low values but also at moderate values of the Hartmann number with good accuracy and convergence.
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Anatychuk, L. I., and V. V. Lysko. "Modified Harman's method." In 9TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON THERMOELECTRICS: ECT2011. AIP, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4731574.
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Gao, X. Z., X. Wang, and S. J. Ovaska. "A Harmony Search-Based Differential Evolution Method." In 2010 IEEE 13th International Conference on Computational Science and Engineering (CSE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cse.2010.50.
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Ceylan, O., H. Dag, and A. Ozdemir. "Harmony search method based parallel contingency analysis." In 2010 International Conference on Power System Technology - (POWERCON 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/powercon.2010.5666035.
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Razfar, M. R., R. Farshbaf Zinati, and M. Haghshenas. "Optimizing Surface Roughness in Face Milling Using a New Meta-Heuristic Method of Harmony Search." In ASME 2010 10th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2010-24217.
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The focus of this study is on a new approach for determination of the optimal cutting parameters leading to minimum surface roughness in face milling of X20Cr13 stainless steel by coupling Neural Network (NN) and Harmony Search (HS) algorithm. In this regard, advantages of statistical experimental design technique, experimental measurements, artificial neural network and Harmony Search algorithm were exploited in an integrated manner. For this purpose, numerous experiments on X20Cr13 stainless steel were conducted to obtain surface roughness values. A predictive model for surface roughness was created using a feed forward artificial neural network exploiting experimental data. The optimization problem was solved by Harmony Search algorithm. Additional experiments were performed to validate optimum surface roughness value predicted by HS algorithm. From the obtained results, it is clearly seen that the Harmony Search algorithm is an efficient and accurate method in approaching the global minimum of surface roughness in face milling.
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Gao, X. Z., X. Wang, and S. J. Ovaska. "A Hybrid Harmony Search Method Based on OBL." In 2010 IEEE 13th International Conference on Computational Science and Engineering (CSE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cse.2010.26.
Full textReports on the topic "Harman method"
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James, Richard J. E., Hyungseo Kim, Lucy Hitcham, and Richard J. Tunney. Causal inference methods in gambling research. Greo Evidence Insights, 2023. https://doi.org/10.33684/2024.004.
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The purpose of this project was to review and utilise methods from other disciplines in the social sciences in order to be able make stronger causal claims using crosssectional gambling data such as gambling prevalence studies. We focused on the question of whether there is a causal relationship between specific gambling products and individual gambling harms, specifically problem gambling. There has been an existing literature that has looked at this issue, but fails to control for selection biases on engagement with specific gambling behaviours. We reviewed and used three approaches: propensity score matching, coarsened exact matching, and sample selection modelling to account for this limitation. Then, we applied them to examine the relationship between 8 types of gambling activity (online betting, offline betting, pools, scratchcards, lotteries, pools, offline bingo, and slot machines/FOBTs) on problem gambling in 9 British gambling prevalence surveys: the Health Survey for England in 2012, 2015, 2016 and 2016; the Scottish Health Survey in 2012, 2015, and 2016, and the British Gambling Prevalence Study in 2007 and 2010. The results showed most gambling activities were, unsurprisingly, associated with an increased risk of addictive behaviour. However, there was a clear gradient of risk. For some gambling activities (i.e., online gambling, slots), the effect sizes were substantially higher than others (i.e., lotteries). The modelling also highlighted covariates that exert strong effects on both the IV and DV of interest at the same time, such as age. The findings of this project thus highlight the importance of controlling for selection mechanisms that influence both engagement and outcomes of interest. There are some activities (e.g., bingo, pools) where these substantially affect relationships between engagement and harms. Nonetheless, there is clear evidence of associations between certain types of gambling product and indicators of harm when these are controlled for.
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Newman-Toker, David E., Susan M. Peterson, Shervin Badihian, et al. Diagnostic Errors in the Emergency Department: A Systematic Review. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer258.
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Objectives. Diagnostic errors are a known patient safety concern across all clinical settings, including the emergency department (ED). We conducted a systematic review to determine the most frequent diseases and clinical presentations associated with diagnostic errors (and resulting harms) in the ED, measure error and harm frequency, as well as assess causal factors. Methods. We searched PubMed®, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL®), and Embase® from January 2000 through September 2021. We included research studies and targeted grey literature reporting diagnostic errors or misdiagnosis-related harms in EDs in the United States or other developed countries with ED care deemed comparable by a technical expert panel. We applied standard definitions for diagnostic errors, misdiagnosis-related harms (adverse events), and serious harms (permanent disability or death). Preventability was determined by original study authors or differences in harms across groups. Two reviewers independently screened search results for eligibility; serially extracted data regarding common diseases, error/harm rates, and causes/risk factors; and independently assessed risk of bias of included studies. We synthesized results for each question and extrapolated U.S. estimates. We present 95 percent confidence intervals (CIs) or plausible range (PR) bounds, as appropriate. Results. We identified 19,127 citations and included 279 studies. The top 15 clinical conditions associated with serious misdiagnosis-related harms (accounting for 68% [95% CI 66 to 71] of serious harms) were (1) stroke, (2) myocardial infarction, (3) aortic aneurysm and dissection, (4) spinal cord compression and injury, (5) venous thromboembolism, (6/7 – tie) meningitis and encephalitis, (6/7 – tie) sepsis, (8) lung cancer, (9) traumatic brain injury and traumatic intracranial hemorrhage, (10) arterial thromboembolism, (11) spinal and intracranial abscess, (12) cardiac arrhythmia, (13) pneumonia, (14) gastrointestinal perforation and rupture, and (15) intestinal obstruction. Average disease-specific error rates ranged from 1.5 percent (myocardial infarction) to 56 percent (spinal abscess), with additional variation by clinical presentation (e.g., missed stroke average 17%, but 4% for weakness and 40% for dizziness/vertigo). There was also wide, superimposed variation by hospital (e.g., missed myocardial infarction 0% to 29% across hospitals within a single study). An estimated 5.7 percent (95% CI 4.4 to 7.1) of all ED visits had at least one diagnostic error. Estimated preventable adverse event rates were as follows: any harm severity (2.0%, 95% CI 1.0 to 3.6), any serious harms (0.3%, PR 0.1 to 0.7), and deaths (0.2%, PR 0.1 to 0.4). While most disease-specific error rates derived from mainly U.S.-based studies, overall error and harm rates were derived from three prospective studies conducted outside the United States (in Canada, Spain, and Switzerland, with combined n=1,758). If overall rates are generalizable to all U.S. ED visits (130 million, 95% CI 116 to 144), this would translate to 7.4 million (PR 5.1 to 10.2) ED diagnostic errors annually; 2.6 million (PR 1.1 to 5.2) diagnostic adverse events with preventable harms; and 371,000 (PR 142,000 to 909,000) serious misdiagnosis-related harms, including more than 100,000 permanent, high-severity disabilities and 250,000 deaths. Although errors were often multifactorial, 89 percent (95% CI 88 to 90) of diagnostic error malpractice claims involved failures of clinical decision-making or judgment, regardless of the underlying disease present. Key process failures were errors in diagnostic assessment, test ordering, and test interpretation. Most often these were attributed to inadequate knowledge, skills, or reasoning, particularly in “atypical” or otherwise subtle case presentations. Limitations included use of malpractice claims and incident reports for distribution of diseases leading to serious harms, reliance on a small number of non-U.S. studies for overall (disease-agnostic) diagnostic error and harm rates, and methodologic variability across studies in measuring disease-specific rates, determining preventability, and assessing causal factors. Conclusions. Although estimated ED error rates are low (and comparable to those found in other clinical settings), the number of patients potentially impacted is large. Not all diagnostic errors or harms are preventable, but wide variability in diagnostic error rates across diseases, symptoms, and hospitals suggests improvement is possible. With 130 million U.S. ED visits, estimated rates for diagnostic error (5.7%), misdiagnosis-related harms (2.0%), and serious misdiagnosis-related harms (0.3%) could translate to more than 7 million errors, 2.5 million harms, and 350,000 patients suffering potentially preventable permanent disability or death. Over two-thirds of serious harms are attributable to just 15 diseases and linked to cognitive errors, particularly in cases with “atypical” manifestations. Scalable solutions to enhance bedside diagnostic processes are needed, and these should target the most commonly misdiagnosed clinical presentations of key diseases causing serious harms. New studies should confirm overall rates are representative of current U.S.-based ED practice and focus on identified evidence gaps (errors among common diseases with lower-severity harms, pediatric ED errors and harms, dynamic systems factors such as overcrowding, and false positives). Policy changes to consider based on this review include: (1) standardizing measurement and research results reporting to maximize comparability of measures of diagnostic error and misdiagnosis-related harms; (2) creating a National Diagnostic Performance Dashboard to track performance; and (3) using multiple policy levers (e.g., research funding, public accountability, payment reforms) to facilitate the rapid development and deployment of solutions to address this critically important patient safety concern.
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Holmes, Rebecca, Keeley Blackie, Ilya Ivlev, and Erick H. Turner. Enhancing Systematic Review Methods by Incorporating Unpublished Drug Trials. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), 2025. https://doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepcwhitepaperenhancing.
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Systematic reviews often omit unpublished data due to time constraints, unclear data integration methodologies, and uncertainties about the value of including these data. This can lead to inflated efficacy estimates and underestimated harms or burdens, as unpublished studies often document negative efficacy outcomes and/or harms. This brief methods project demonstrated the integration of U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) drug approval packages (i.e., FDA reviews) into three systematic reviews focusing on psychoactive drugs—paroxetine (Paxil®) for adults with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), escitalopram for major depressive disorder (MDD) in adolescents, and aripiprazole for bipolar disorder in adults. We searched the FDA reviews and matched identified trials with those in the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality’s Effective Health Care Program systematic reviews. Then, we conducted meta-analyses combining unpublished and published studies. Our analysis identified important discrepancies in effect sizes, with meta-analyses of both published and unpublished data for paroxetine showing smaller effect sizes than those using only published trials. Our findings suggest a potential overestimation of paroxetine efficacy in published literature. Incorporating FDA reviews could enhance the accuracy of effect estimates in systematic reviews. However, using unpublished data requires careful consideration due to the intensive resources required. Future research should expand to other therapeutic areas and include more sources of unpublished data to increase the robustness of systematic reviews.
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Sokol-Hessner, Lauge, C. Matthew Stewart, Ritu Sharma, et al. Programs for Responding to Harms Experienced by Patients During Clinical Care. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), 2025. https://doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepc_mhs4harms.
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Objectives. This rapid review synthesizes the current literature on the effectiveness of programs used by healthcare organizations to respond after patients experience harm during their care. We focused on communication and resolution programs (CRPs) that included communication with the patient and family, event review, quality improvement, and in a qualifying subset of events, an apology for causing harm and an offer of compensation. Methods. We searched PubMed and the Cochrane Library for systematic reviews and primary studies published from January 1, 2010, to July 2024, supplemented by a targeted review of grey literature. Findings. We retrieved 2,419 citations, of which 8 primary studies and no systematic reviews were eligible for review. The studies focused on medical malpractice experience and financial outcomes, including time to resolution, cost to healthcare organizations, and rate of claims. The effects of CRP implementation on these outcomes were decreases or no significant changes, with no significant increases being reported. Evidence was lacking or limited for CRPs’ effects on other aspects of patient, family, or clinician outcomes or experience; patient safety; quality of care; communication and relationships between patients, families, and organizations; and interprofessional communication. Conclusions. Despite their patient-centered design, studies of CRPs’ effects have focused on organizational liability and cost outcomes rather than patient-oriented outcomes. CRPs appear to have positive or neutral effects on the measured outcomes, with no significant negative effects. Our findings support the implementation of CRPs while highlighting the need for more research about patient, family, and clinician-oriented outcomes.
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Rosen, Michael, C. Matthew Stewart, Hadi Kharrazi, et al. Potential Harms Resulting From Patient-Clinician Real-Time Clinical Encounters Using Video-based Telehealth: A Rapid Evidence Review. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepc_mhs4telehealth.
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Objectives. To review the evidence on harms associated with patient-clinician real time encounters using video-based telehealth and determine the effectiveness of any related patient safety practices (PSPs). PSPs are interventions, strategies, or approaches intended to prevent or mitigate unintended consequences of healthcare delivery and improve patient safety. This review provides information that clinicians and health system leaders need to determine how to minimize harms from increasing real-time use of telehealth. Methods. We followed rapid review processes of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Evidence-based Practice Center Program. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane to identify eligible studies published from 2012 to 2022, supplemented by a search for unpublished evaluations and white papers. Outcomes of interest included: adverse events (any harm to patients due to medical care), other specified harms (i.e., preventable hospitalizations, inappropriate treatment, missed or delayed diagnoses, duplication of services, privacy breaches), and implementation factors for any PSPs. Findings. Our search retrieved 7,155 citations, of which 23 studies (including 6 randomized controlled trials [RCTs]) were eligible for review. Fourteen studies reported on adverse events or unintended effects of telehealth; these studies were conducted in diverse settings, with four studies in behavioral health, two each in rehabilitation, transplant, and Parkinson’s care, and one each in postoperative, termination of pregnancy, community health, and hospital-at-home settings. Adverse events such as death, reoperation, infection, or major complications were infrequent in both telehealth and usual care groups, making it difficult to find statistically significant differences. One RCT found telehealth resulted in fewer medication errors than standard care. Thirteen studies examined preventable hospitalizations or emergency department (ED) visits and reported mixed findings; six of these studies were in postoperative care and two were in urological care. Of the 6 RCTs, 3 showed no difference in risk of hospitalization or ED visits for telehealth compared to usual care, and 3 showed reduced risk for patients receiving telehealth. We found no studies on the effectiveness of PSPs in reducing harms associated with real-time telehealth. Conclusions. Studies have evaluated the frequency and severity of harms associated with real-time video-based telehealth encounters between clinicians and patients, examining a variety of patient safety measures. Telehealth was not inferior to usual care in terms of hospitalizations or ED visits. No studies evaluated a specific PSP. More research is needed to improve understanding of harms associated with real-time use of telehealth and how to prevent or mitigate those harms.
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Skelly, Andrea C., Eric Chang, Jessica Bordley, et al. Radiation Therapy for Metastatic Bone Disease: Effectiveness and Harms. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer265.
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Objectives. To evaluate the comparative effectiveness and harms of external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) for palliative treatment of metastatic bone disease (MBD). Data sources. Four electronic databases from 1985 to January 30, 2023; a targeted search for re-irradiation through January 30, 2023; reference lists; and a Federal Register notice. Review methods. Using predefined criteria and dual review, we selected randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and nonrandomized studies of interventions (NRSIs) comparing dose-fractionation schemes and EBRT delivery techniques (for initial radiation and re-irradiation, i.e., retreatment for recurrent or persistent pain) and EBRT alone versus in combination with other palliative treatments. Study risk of bias was assessed using predefined criteria. Strength of evidence (SOE) was assessed for the primary outcomes of pain, function, spinal cord compression relief, quality of life, and harms. Results. We included 53 RCTs and 31 NRSIs; most were fair quality. In patients receiving initial radiation for MBD there was a small increase in the likelihood of overall pain response (improved pain measures with stable or decreased analgesic use) for multiple fraction (MF) EBRT versus single fraction (SF) EBRT up to 4 weeks post-radiation therapy (SOE: moderate) and for higher dose (6 or 8 Gy) SF EBRT versus lower dose (4 Gy) SF EBRT up to 52 weeks post-radiation therapy (SOE: low). SF and MF EBRT did not differ at later followup (SOE: moderate) nor did comparisons of MF EBRT dose/fractions (SOE: moderate ≤12 weeks; low >12 weeks). Re-irradiation was more common with SF versus MF EBRT. Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) (SF or MF) was associated with a slightly higher (up to 20 weeks, SOE: low) and moderately higher (30 weeks; SOE: moderate) likelihood of overall pain response versus MF EBRT. For re-irradiation, SF and MF SBRT had a similar likelihood of overall pain response, as did SF versus MF EBRT (SOE: low for all). Harms may be similar across dose/fraction schemes and techniques; serious harms were rare. Comparative effectiveness evidence for EBRT was sparse. Conclusions. In patients with uncomplicated MBD receiving initial palliative radiotherapy, the likelihood of overall pain response for SF and MF EBRT is probably similar, particularly after 4 weeks; re-irradiation was more common with SF-EBRT. SF and MF SBRT may provide slightly greater likelihood of overall pain response versus MF EBRT; evidence is limited. SF and MF EBRT may have similar likelihoods of overall pain response in patients receiving re-irradiation. High-quality evidence comparing SBRT with EBRT is needed in populations with complicated and uncomplicated MBD, as is research on effectiveness of EBRT versus other treatments. Update: An addendum is located at the end of the main report, before the appendixes.
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Skelly, Andrea C., Roger Chou, Joseph R. Dettori, et al. Integrated and Comprehensive Pain Management Programs: Effectiveness and Harms. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer251.
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Objectives. To evaluate the effectiveness and harms of pain management programs that are based on the biopsychosocial model of care, particularly in the Medicare population. Data sources. Electronic databases (Ovid® MEDLINE®, PsycINFO®, CINAHL®, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews) from 1989 to May 24, 2021; reference lists; and a Federal Register notice. Review methods. Given lack of consensus on terminology and program definition for pain management, we defined programs as integrated (based in and integrated with primary care) and comprehensive (referral based and separate from primary care) pain management programs (IPMPs and CPMPs). Using predefined criteria and dual review, we selected randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing IPMPs and CPMPs with usual care or waitlist, physical activity, pharmacologic therapy, and psychological therapy in patients with complex acute/subacute pain or chronic nonactive cancer pain. Patients needed to have access to medication support/review, psychological support, and physical function support in programs. Meta-analyses were conducted to improve estimate precision. We classified the magnitude of effects as small, moderate, or large based on predefined criteria. Strength of evidence (SOE) was assessed for the primary outcomes of pain, function, and change in opioid use. Results. We included 57 RCTs; 8 evaluated IPMPs and 49 evaluated CPMPs. Compared with usual care or waitlist, IPMPs were associated with small improvements in pain in the short and intermediate term (SOE: low) and in function in the short term (SOE: moderate), but there were no clear differences at other time points. CPMPs were associated with small improvements in pain immediately postintervention (SOE: moderate) but no differences in the short, intermediate, and long term (SOE: low); for function, improvements were moderate immediately postintervention and in the short term; there were no differences in the intermediate or long term (SOE: low at all time points). CPMPs were associated with small to moderate improvements in function and pain versus pharmacologic treatment alone at multiple time frames (SOE: moderate for function intermediate term; low for pain and function at all other times), and with small improvements in function but no improvements in pain in the short term when compared with physical activity alone (SOE: moderate). There were no differences between CPMPs and psychological therapy alone at any time (SOE: low). Serious harms were not reported, although evidence on harms was insufficient. The mean age was 57 years across IPMP RCTs and 45 years across CPMP RCTs. None of the trials specifically enrolled Medicare beneficiaries. Evidence on factors related to program structure, delivery, coordination, and components that may impact outcomes is sparse and there was substantial variability across studies on these factors. Conclusions. IPMPs and CPMPs may provide small to moderate improvements in function and small improvements in pain in patients with chronic pain compared with usual care. Formal pain management programs have not been widely implemented in the United States for general populations or the Medicare population. To the extent that programs are tailored to patients’ needs, our findings are potentially applicable to the Medicare population. Programs that address a range of biopsychosocial aspects of pain, tailor components to patient need, and coordinate care may be of particular importance in this population.
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McDonagh, Marian, Andrea C. Skelly, Amy Hermesch, et al. Cervical Ripening in the Outpatient Setting. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer238.
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Objectives. To assess the comparative effectiveness and potential harms of cervical ripening in the outpatient setting (vs. inpatient, vs. other outpatient intervention) and of fetal surveillance when a prostaglandin is used for cervical ripening. Data sources. Electronic databases (Ovid® MEDLINE®, Embase®, CINAHL®, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews) to July 2020; reference lists; and a Federal Register notice. Review methods. Using predefined criteria and dual review, we selected randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies of cervical ripening comparing prostaglandins and mechanical methods in outpatient versus inpatient settings; one outpatient method versus another (including placebo or expectant management); and different methods/protocols for fetal surveillance in cervical ripening using prostaglandins. When data from similar study designs, populations, and outcomes were available, random effects using profile likelihood meta-analyses were conducted. Inconsistency (using I2) and small sample size bias (publication bias, if ≥10 studies) were assessed. Strength of evidence (SOE) was assessed. All review methods followed Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Evidence-based Practice Center methods guidance. Results. We included 30 RCTs and 10 cohort studies (73% fair quality) involving 9,618 women. The evidence is most applicable to women aged 25 to 30 years with singleton, vertex presentation and low-risk pregnancies. No studies on fetal surveillance were found. The frequency of cesarean delivery (2 RCTs, 4 cohort studies) or suspected neonatal sepsis (2 RCTs) was not significantly different using outpatient versus inpatient dinoprostone for cervical ripening (SOE: low). In comparisons of outpatient versus inpatient single-balloon catheters (3 RCTs, 2 cohort studies), differences between groups on cesarean delivery, birth trauma (e.g., cephalohematoma), and uterine infection were small and not statistically significant (SOE: low), and while shoulder dystocia occurred less frequently in the outpatient group (1 RCT; 3% vs. 11%), the difference was not statistically significant (SOE: low). In comparing outpatient catheters and inpatient dinoprostone (1 double-balloon and 1 single-balloon RCT), the difference between groups for both cesarean delivery and postpartum hemorrhage was small and not statistically significant (SOE: low). Evidence on other outcomes in these comparisons and for misoprostol, double-balloon catheters, and hygroscopic dilators was insufficient to draw conclusions. In head to head comparisons in the outpatient setting, the frequency of cesarean delivery was not significantly different between 2.5 mg and 5 mg dinoprostone gel, or latex and silicone single-balloon catheters (1 RCT each, SOE: low). Differences between prostaglandins and placebo for cervical ripening were small and not significantly different for cesarean delivery (12 RCTs), shoulder dystocia (3 RCTs), or uterine infection (7 RCTs) (SOE: low). These findings did not change according to the specific prostaglandin, route of administration, study quality, or gestational age. Small, nonsignificant differences in the frequency of cesarean delivery (6 RCTs) and uterine infection (3 RCTs) were also found between dinoprostone and either membrane sweeping or expectant management (SOE: low). These findings did not change according to the specific prostaglandin or study quality. Evidence on other comparisons (e.g., single-balloon catheter vs. dinoprostone) or other outcomes was insufficient. For all comparisons, there was insufficient evidence on other important outcomes such as perinatal mortality and time from admission to vaginal birth. Limitations of the evidence include the quantity, quality, and sample sizes of trials for specific interventions, particularly rare harm outcomes. Conclusions. In women with low-risk pregnancies, the risk of cesarean delivery and fetal, neonatal, or maternal harms using either dinoprostone or single-balloon catheters was not significantly different for cervical ripening in the outpatient versus inpatient setting, and similar when compared with placebo, expectant management, or membrane sweeping in the outpatient setting. This evidence is low strength, and future studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Wijaya, Ignasius P. A., Eric Kreiger, and Asuf Masud. An elastic-inelastic model and embedded bounce-back control for layered printing with cementitious materials. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/48091.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents a finite-deformation model for extrusion-based layered printing with cementitious materials. The evolution of mechanical properties as the printed material cures and stiffens results in nonphysical reduction in the magnitude of elastic strains when standard constitutive models are employed. This elastic recovery of the printing induced deformation contradicts the experimentally observed behavior of the printed cementitious materials that harden at a nearly-frozen deformed state. A thermodynamically motivated constraint on the evolution of elastic strains is imposed on the constitutive model to remedy the nonphysical bounce-back effect. An algorithm that is based on a strain-projection technique for the elastic part of deformation is developed that complements the inelastic response given by the Drucker–Prager model. It is then embedded in a finite strain finite element framework for the modeling and simulation of cure hardening and inelastic response of the early age cementitious materials. A ghost mesh method is proposed for continuous layer-wise printing of the material without the need for intermittent mesh generation technique or adaptive remeshing methods. The model is validated via comparison with experimental data and representative test cases are presented that investigate the mathematical and computational attributes of the proposed model.
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Hilbrecht, Margo, Sally M. Gainsbury, Nassim Tabri, et al. Prevention and education evidence review: Gambling-related harm. Edited by Margo Hilbrecht. Greo, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33684/2021.006.
Full textAbstract:
This report supports an evidence-based approach to the prevention and education objective of the National Strategy to Reduce Harm from Gambling. Applying a public health policy lens, it considers three levels of measures: universal (for the benefit of the whole population), selective (for the benefit of at-risk groups), and indicated (for the benefit of at-risk individuals). Six measures are reviewed by drawing upon a range of evidence in the academic and grey literature. The universal level measures are “Regulatory restriction on how gambling is provided” and “Population-based safer gambling/responsible gambling efforts.” Selective measures focus on age cohorts in a chapter entitled, “Targeted safer gambling campaigns for children, youth, and older adults.” The indicated measures are “Brief internet delivered interventions for gambling,” “Systems and tools that produced actual (‘hard’) barriers and limit access to funds,” and “Self-exclusion.” Since the quantity and quality of the evidence base varied by measure, appropriate review methods were selected to assess publications using a systematic, scoping, or narrative approach. Some measures offered consistent findings regarding the effectiveness of interventions and initiatives, while others were less clear. Unintended consequences were noted since it is important to be aware of unanticipated, negative consequences resulting from prevention and education activities. After reviewing the evidence, authors identified knowledge gaps that require further research, and provided guidance for how the findings could be used to enhance the prevention and education objective. The research evidence is supplemented by consultations with third sector charity representatives who design and implement gambling harm prevention and education programmes. Their insights and experiences enhance, support, or challenge the academic evidence base, and are shared in a separate chapter. Overall, research evidence is limited for many of the measures. Quality assessments suggest that improvements are needed to support policy decisions more fully. Still, opportunities exist to advance evidence-based policy for an effective gambling harm prevention and education plan.