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Journal articles on the topic '«harmfulness of the act»'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Zalewski, Wojciech. "Społeczna szkodliwość — dziedzictwo komunizmu w polskim prawie karnym?" Studia nad Autorytaryzmem i Totalitaryzmem 43, no. 3 (2021): 155–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/2300-7249.43.3.12.

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The introduction of social harmfulness (social danger) to Polish criminal law after the Second World War was politically motivated. For many, this circumstance was sufficient to formulate postulates about the necessity to remove this premise of criminal liability. Social harmfulness still remains controversial today. Before, criminal law was seen as a tool. Currently, it is to be an ultima ratio. It is clear that determining the essence of the crime and its nature, introducing into the law “what belongs to literature”, was necessary in the legal system of a totalitarian state, imposing its vie

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Shesler, Alexander V. "Criminal and legal protection of the political system of Russia." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Pravo, no. 52 (2024): 91–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/22253513/52/7.

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The article substantiates the inclusion in the circle of crimes against the political system of the Russian Federation of acts provided for in Chapter 29 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, violations of legislation on elections to state authorities, local governments, and referendums that reduce or exclude the legitimacy of the current government, as well as obstruction of the legitimate professional activities of journalists and other crimes committed for political reasons (Article 144 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation); the article reveals the grounds for establishi

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3

Klubińska, Maja. "Assessment of the degree of social harmfulness of acts exhausting the elements set out in Article 35(1)-(2) of the Act of 21 August 1997 on the protection of animals. Comments on the background of rulings by common courts and the Supreme Court." Probacja 4 (November 30, 2023): 259–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0054.0868.

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The views expressed in the public discourse, accusing the courts of excessive leniency towards the perpetrators of crimes against animals, as well as the problems that the courts often have in correctly determining the degree of social harmfulness of the assessed criminal acts, made it reasonable to devote this article to the title issue. After all, among the whole range of negative consequences that may result from a faulty estimation of the degree of social harmfulness, the most significant are those that directly affect the content of the judgment, resulting in, among other things, inadequa

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4

Zakharchuk, Sergey D., and Yelena V. Matveeva. "ADMINISTRATIVE OFFENSE: SOCIALLY DANGEROUS OR SOCIALLY HARMFUL ACT?" LEGAL ORDER: History, Theory, Practice 38, no. 3 (2023): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.47475/2311-696x-2023-38-3-29-38.

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The scientific article discusses issues related to the determination of the grounds for the occurrence of administrative responsibility as one of the types of legal liability. The authors investigate scientific positions regarding the signs of an administrative offense. In general, agreeing with the opinion of scientists regarding the signs of an administrative offense, the authors of the scientific article are critical of the identification of such a sign of an administrative offense as “public danger”. The paper analyzes the scientific literature, law enforcement practice and documents of st

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Tóth, Peter, Ján Tancik, Monika Tóthová, and Vladimir Pacuta. "Distribution, host plants and natural enemies of sugar beet root aphid (Pemphigus fuscicornis) In Slovakia." Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke, no. 110 (2006): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zmspn0610221t.

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During 2003-2004, field surveys were realized to observe the distribution of sugar beet aphid, Pemphigus fuscicornis (K o c h) (Sternorrhyncha Pemphigidae) in southwestern Slovakia. The research was carried out at 60 different localities with altitudes 112-220 m a. s. l. Sugar beet root aphid was recorded at 30 localities. The aphid was recorded in Slovakia for the first time, but its occurrence was predicted and symptoms and harmfulness overlooked by now. The presence of P. fuscicornis was investigated on roots of various plants from Chenopodiaceae. The most important host plants were various

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Kulesza, Jan. "Glosa do wyroku Sądu Najwyższego z 24 sierpnia 2023 r., sygn. akt IV KK 37/22." Przegląd Prawa Konstytucyjnego 77, no. 1 (2024): 297–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/ppk.2024.01.22.

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The purpose of the gloss is to present the correct line of reasoning that the Supreme Court should have adopted to reach the conclusion approved by the glossator. Relevant jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights allows for the acceptance of the absence of a violation of the norm sanctioned as a result of the application of constitutional and convention interpretation, rather than just the lack of social harmfulness of the act, as basis for the denial of the element of criminality. Any legal restrictions on freedom of speech must arise from serious reasons and an urgent societal nee

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Stefański, Ryszard A. "Dopalacze jako substancje szkodliwe dla zdrowia, stanowiące znamię przestępstwa z art. 165 § 1 pkt 2 k.k." Problemy Prawa Karnego 8, no. 2 (2024): 1–26. https://doi.org/10.31261/ppk.2024.08.02.05.

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The article analyses “legal highs” in the context of recognising this substance as a substance harmful to health, covered by the crime of causing a threat to the life or health of many people (Article 165 § 1 item 2 of the Penal Code). Legal highs fall within the definition of both a substitute (Article 4 item 27 of the Act of 29 July 2005 on Counteracting Drug Addiction) and a new psychoactive substance (Article 4 item 11a of the Act on Drug Addiction). Nevertheless, the greatest axiological justification is to recognise them as a substitute. This already determines from the normative point o

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Sukhova, I. N., and R. R. Gedugoshev. "The degree of social harmfulness (danger) of an act as the main criterion of an administrative offense." Закон и право, no. 2 (2023): 106–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.56539/20733313_2023_2_106.

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9

Baker, Dennis J. "Scalarity and divided consent: analysing rape." Journal of Legal Philosophy 49, no. 2 (2024): 71–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/jlp.2024.02.01.

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In this essay, it is submitted that consent comes in degrees and the wrongfulness and harmfulness of conduct is contingent on the degree of voluntariness underwriting the particular consent decision. A fully free decision to consent changes the normative nature of the act: genuine gift-giving is not theft. Lovemaking is not rape. Partially free decisions to consent can change the nature of the act if it makes the act less harmful and thus less wrongful. Partial consent is not about claiming that the conduct was partially justified, but rather about demonstrating the particular act was less har

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10

Khan, Nida Tabassum. "Solid Lipid Nanoparticles -A Novel Carrier." Journal of Surgical Case Reports and Images 7, no. 5 (2024): 01–04. https://doi.org/10.31579/2690-1897/196.

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Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLNs) act as carrier in drug delivery. Also, SLNs are esteem compelling, making them helpful for gigantic use in medical care. They can epitomize both lipophilic and hydrophilic pills, developing their adaptability in treating various diseases. Moreover, SLNs are created without natural solvents, decreasing ecological contamination. They also adapt to changing environment with wide scope in assembling and cleansing, ensuring consistence with administrative prerequisites. Also, SLNs improve drug balance, delaying timeframe of realistic usability and upgrading drug ade

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11

Юрченко, Евгения Георгиевна, Надежда Васильевна Савчук, and Маргарита Владимировна Буровинская. "Fusarium cluster blight of grapes: features of pathogenesis and harmfulness." Magarach Vinogradstvo i Vinodelie, no. 4(114) (December 22, 2020): 344–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.35547/im.2020.40.10.010.

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Представлены результаты четырехлетних исследований по изучению нового вредоносного заболевания винограда - фузариозного усыхания генеративных органов ( Fusarium proliferatum Sheldon., Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht.). Сбор образцов для анализов производился в маршрутных учетах промышленных виноградников Таманского полуострова (Россия). Идентификацию грибов осуществляли с использованием морфолого-культуральных и молекулярно-генетического (ПЦР) методов. Патогенные штаммы грибов выделяли с помощью тестов Коха. Вредоносность устанавливали в полевом опыте с помощью искусственного заражения соцветий по

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Budyn-Kulik, Magdalena. "Wpływ osobowości sprawcy na ocenę podstaw i zakresu odpowiedzialności karnej." Nowa Kodyfikacja Prawa Karnego 43 (May 16, 2017): 45–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/2084-5065.43.5.

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The wrong-doer’s personality influence on the assessment of criminal liability grounds and scopeA criminal act is done in certain circumstances, but it refl ects also the wrong-doer’s personality and his/her social dangerousness. The Criminal Code of 1997 replaced the term “social dangerousness” with “social harmfulness”. Art. 115 § 2 CC points out the circumstances that should be considered while assessing the level of social harmfulness; with no personality-like circumstance mentioned there. Such factor is indirectly hidden in the phenomena of motivation. While one considers acts that are do

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Gardocka, Teresa. "ANALIZA USTAWOWYCH ZNAMION PRZESTĘPSTWA Z PUNKTU WIDZENIA SPOSOBU ICH DOWODZENIA W PROCESIE KARNYM. WYBRANE PRZYKŁADY." Studia Iuridica, no. 93 (January 23, 2023): 84–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.31338/2544-3135.si.2022-93.6.

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The problem of criminal evidence is a very important factor of the establishment of the elements of a crime from the point of view of a criminalstatute’s conformity with the rule of law. For the criminal court the elements of crime in the criminal statute show what should be proven for the sentencing judgment to be passed in a given case. For the defendant accused of committing a of crime it shows the possibility of defence. The accused person may prove that some elements of the crime are not met in his or her case. A too broad description of the elements of a crime allows for a considerable d

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14

Gerasimov, A. M. "Insignificance of the Act in Criminal and Administrative Tort Law: Nature and Content." Lex Russica 77, no. 5 (2024): 73–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1729-5920.2024.210.5.073-082.

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The study develops an idea of the criminal legal nature of the insignificance of the act. The author arguments in favor of the fact that such nature is due to the differentiated approach of the federal legislator to assessing the level of public danger of actions and inaction provided for by criminal law. At the same time, the high role of the law enforcement officer in determining the scale of the threat posed by a specific offense for the object of criminal law protection is stated. Studying the mitigating and aggravating circumstances of the act, the personal characteristics of the offender

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15

Kar, Riman, Roshan Pal, Rupam Ghosh, et al. "Teen-age pregnancy, knowledge and attitude towards it among pregnant women attending Ante-Natal Clinic of a tertiary health care hospital of the highest literate district of West Bengal." ESRF Research Journal for Undergraduate Medical Students 2, no. 2 (2025): 17–23. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15199582.

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<strong>Abstract: </strong>teen-age pregnancy is a rising social problem, can cause a lot of maternal and fetal complications. This study was conducted to find out proportion of teen-age pregnancy and knowledge and attitude towards it among the pregnant women. <strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 205 pregnant women attending ante-natal clinic of a tertiary care hospital of Purba Midnapore, West Bengal with one month of duration. socio-demographic, marital, pregnancy related details and knowledge, attitude towards teen-age pregnancy were taken in a pre-designed, pretest

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16

Pustova, N. O. "Principles of decriminalization of criminal law prohibitions." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law, no. 65 (October 25, 2021): 278–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2021.65.51.

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The article deals with the principles of decriminalization of measures of criminal law influence based on a comprehensive system analysis. It is noted that the main direction of criminal law policy is the decriminalization of acts that determine the object of such policy influence. The principle of sufficient social danger implies that the act causes significant harm to the public interest. The principle of the possibility of a positive impact of non-criminal law prohibitions on human behavior involves settling the issue of effective counteraction to the act. The principle of the relative prev

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17

Panov, М., and S. Kharytonov. "Public danger of action in the system of features of the concept of «criminal offense»." Problems of Legality, no. 150 (October 2, 2020): 124–40. https://doi.org/10.21564/2414-990x.150.211036.

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The article is devoted to the analysis of the social danger of an act – a sign of the concept of «criminal offense», which actually performs the functions of the category of criminal law and is important for the entire system of concepts and norms of both the General and Special parts of criminal law. The most essential features and properties of this feature – a structural element of the concept – are considered, which reflect the social harmfulness and increased danger of this act for the values of society and social relations protected by criminal law, which ar

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18

Janse, L. "Pest risk analysis of Meloidogyne luci for Ukraine." Interdepartmental Thematic Scientific Collection of Plant Protection and Quarantine, no. 67 (December 20, 2021): 317–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.36495/1606-9773.2021.67.317-336.

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Goal. To analyze the phytosanitary risk of introduction, acclimatization, distribution and harmfulness of Meloidogyne luci for Ukraine. Methods. Pest risk analysis (PRA) was performed following the international standards ISPM 2, 11, 21; PM 5/2 (2) and the Ukrainian national protocol (Pylypenko et al., 2012). The conditions for acclimatization and further spread of nematodes were predicted using the Köppen-Geiger climate maps (Kottek et al. 2006). Data from EU national plant protection organizations and EPPO (EPPO Reporting Service 2016—2021; EPPO Alert List 2021), State Statistics Servi

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Kushch, Oleksii Ye. "ON THE ISSUE OF REPEAL OF AN ACT ESTABLISHING ADMINISTRATIVE LIABILITY AS A CIRCUMSTANCES EXCLUDING PROCEEDINGS IN THE CASE OF AN ADMINISTRATIVE OFFENSE." Poltava law review, no. 1 (November 20, 2023): 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.21564/2786-7811.1.290477.

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The article is devoted to problematic issues of the application of one of the circumstances that exclude proceedings in cases of administrative offenses, namely, the cancellation of the act that establishes administrative responsibility (clause 6, part 1 of article 247 of the Code of Administrative Offenses). The extreme importance of proper and clear settlement of all circumstances that exclude proceedings in cases of administrative offenses is emphasized, because their application entails the impossibility of starting such proceedings or closing the initiated proceedings. We interpret

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20

Park, Ho Jeong. "Countermeasures against Misuse of Medical Drugs." Korean Correction Counseling Psychological Association 9, no. 1 (2024): 5–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.33614/kccpa.2024.9.1.5.

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The social problems caused by the misuse of medical drugs are increasing. Therefore, countermeasures to reduce the misuse of medical drugs are needed. First, as a way to control the supply of medical drugs, it is necessary to increase the number of medical drug monitoring personnel, link the NIMS with the drug safety service system, revise the Act so that it can be reported immediately after the prescription of the drug for medical use, establish a legal basis for reporting the plan to dispose of medical drugs to the authorities when medical institutions and pharmacies are closed, establish a

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Parygina, N. N. "Categories of Abuse of the Right and Inconsistent Behavior in the Context of Defamation Disputes." Actual Problems of Russian Law 20, no. 5 (2025): 81–90. https://doi.org/10.17803/1994-1471.2025.174.5.081-090.

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Over the past two decades, there has been a noticeable strengthening of the official reliance of Russian courts on philosophical concepts, among which the notion of good faith occupies a prominent position. The abuse of the right is one of the most intriguing manifestations of bad faith that merits investigation. Closely related to good faith is another ethical legal concept — inconsistent behavior — which is deemed flawed specifically in its manifestation of bad faith. To date, a comprehensive analysis of defamation and the judicial protection against it through the lens of these terms has no

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Vozniuk, Andrii, Dmitriy Kamensky, Olexandr Dudorov, Roman Movchan та Andriy Andrushko. "Unconstitutionality of criminal liability for filing inaccurate information in Ukraine: сritical legal analyses". Cuestiones Políticas 39, № 69 (2021): 133–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.3969.07.

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The investigation reveals shortcomings in the arguments of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine on the recognition of article 366-1 of the Criminal Code as not being in conformity with the Constitution, in terms of:(a) the court's lack of authority to criminalize socially dangerous acts; (b) lack of argumentation on the absence of social harm in the non-submission of a declaration and in the presentation of inaccurate information; (c) positive foreign experience; (d) conformity of article 366-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine with the principle of the rule of law. The article employs a set of l

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Smith, Stephen W., Daniel V. Poling, Megan R. Worth, Sherry J. Zhou, and Gregory G. Taylor. "Verbal Aggression Among Students With Emotional and Behavioral Disorders: Teacher Perceptions of Harm, Levels of Concern, and Relationship With Certification Status." Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders 28, no. 4 (2019): 209–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1063426619885862.

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Students who exhibit emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD) typically have high frequencies of disruptive and noncompliant behavior including physical and verbal aggression (VA). Physical aggression attracts great concern from school professionals yet VA is often overlooked, despite being a highly pervasive and harmful social act. We surveyed 279 first to 12th grade teachers of students with EBD to assess their perceptions about the harmfulness of VA, students’ intent to harm, their concern about the frequency and/or intensity of VA, and concern about types of verbally aggressive messages. W

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Kamensky, Dmitriy, Oleksandr Dudorov, Andrii Savchenko, Roman Movchan, and Yuliia Danylevska. "Criminal liability for humanitarian aid embezzlement during war: The case of Ukraine." Cuestiones Políticas 41, no. 77 (2023): 760–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.4177.50.

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The aim of the article was to reveal the content of the controversial elements of the illegal use of humanitarian aid, provided for in Article 201-2 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine; to clarify the validity of the introduction of this prohibition and, moreover, to discuss its impact on law enforcement. All of which in order to be able to determine the prospects for the development of criminal law in the field. Several research methods have been used in the article, such as: comparative, systemic-structural and legal-formal. Referring to the appropriate methodological basis has made it possible

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Mozgawa-Saj, Marta. "CONDITIONAL DISCONTINUANCE OF CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS IN POLISH CRIMINAL LAW." Scientific works of Kyiv Aviation Institute. Series Law Journal "Air and Space Law" 1, no. 74 (2025): 229–34. https://doi.org/10.18372/2307-9061.74.19909.

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Purpose: analysis of the conditions of the use of one of probation measures present in Polish criminal law, namely conditional discontinuance of criminal proceedings. Research methods: legal-dogmatic analysis of the provisions of Criminal Code and the Code of Criminal Procedure, and analysis of avaliable statistics regarding the applicability of conditional discontinuance of criminal proceedings related to total convictions in Poland in the period 1999-2022. Results: the author specifies the prerequisites for conditional discontinuance of criminal proceedings (fault and social harmfulness of t

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Gushue, Kelsey, and Evan McCuish. "Incarcerated Girls’ Early Life Experiences and Their Influence on Serious Offending in Emerging Adulthood." Canadian Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice 63, no. 3-4 (2021): 112–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjccj.2021-0026.

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Warr (1989) conceptualized offence severity as the intersection of the harmfulness and wrongfulness of an act, which overlaps with how Canada’s justice system makes decisions about sentencing. The current study used this logic to move beyond static indicators of crime severity (e.g., history of violent offending) to examine risk factors for longitudinal patterns of offending severity over the life course. Data on girls (n = 284) from the Incarcerated Serious and Violent Young Offender Study were used to examine the impact of self-reported risk factors on trajectories of offence severity betwee

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Sidorova, T. M., V. V. Allakhverdyan, and A. M. Asaturova. "Bacterial agents as the basis of biofungicides effective against toxin-producing fungi of the genus Fusarium (review)." Izvestiâ Timirâzevskoj selʹskohozâjstvennoj akademii, no. 5 (2024): 68–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/0021-342x-2024-5-68-85.

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The review presents information on the biocontrol potential of antagonist bacteria of the genera Bacillus, Pseudomonas and Streptomyces against toxin-producing fungi Fusarium. The harmfulness of Fusarium fungi species complex is that it not only affects grain, reducing the content and quality of protein, its final weight, but also causes contamination with mycotoxins. The ability of fungi of the genus Fusarium to produce mycotoxins is an important factor in the pathogenicity of fungi. Information on the toxicity of deoxynivalenol and zearalenone for humans and animals is presented. Bacteria of

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Carli, Fabrizia, Sabrina Tait, Luca Busani, et al. "Exposure to Endocrine Disruptors (Di(2-Ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) and Bisphenol A (BPA)) in Women from Different Residing Areas in Italy: Data from the LIFE PERSUADED Project." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 24 (2022): 16012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232416012.

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Phthalates and bisphenol A (BPA) are plasticizers used in many industrial products that can act as endocrine disruptors and lead to metabolic diseases. During the LIFE PERSUADED project, we measured the urinary concentrations of BPA and Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) metabolites in 900 Italian women representative of the Italian female adult population (living in the north, centre, and south of Italy in both rural and urban areas). The whole cohort was exposed to DEHP and BPA with measurable levels above limit of detection in more than 99% and 95% of the samples, respectively. The exposure p

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Alobaidy, Rafid A. Rasool, Nawal A. Rajab, and Adawiya J. Haider. "Nanoemulsions Drug Delivery System: Preparations Techniques In Vitro Characterization and Pharmaceutical Application." Key Engineering Materials 886 (May 2021): 203–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.886.203.

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Nano-emulsions are a novel drug delivery system, in which mix two immiscible liquids, normally oil and water with the addition a proper surfactant and co-surfactant to obtain a single uniform phase, in many cases must be used more than one surfactant to improve the stability of nanoemulsion, in this survey consideration is focused to provide brief information about the formulation, a strategy of preparation, characterization procedure, evaluation parameter as particle size, polydispersity, drug content, zeta potential, and different application of nanoemulsion, it is thermodynamically unsteady

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Movchan, Roman, Dmitriy Kamensky, Oleksandr Dudorov, Svitlana Mamedova, and Vitalii Holovchuk. "Intentional destruction or damage of objects of plant life as a crime under the law of Ukraine and other European countries: cross-jurisdictional analysis." Revista Amazonia Investiga 14, no. 75 (2024): 296–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.34069/ai/2024.75.03.25.

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The key goal of this research paper is to analyze the specific features of legislative construction of Article 245 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, in particular, the method of statutory reflection of the elements of the subject matter and subjective side of this criminal wrongful act used therein, and also to study the relevant European experience. This will enable to develop proposals aimed at improving the provisions of current national criminal legislation, which are intended to guarantee the protection of flora by means of Ukrainian criminal law. In the course of relevant comparative lega

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Kala, Dariusz. "Disciplinary custodial penalty under Article 49 1 of the act of 27th July 2001 law on the common courts system as an isolation coercive measure used in the criminal process." Probacja 4 (November 30, 2023): 179–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0054.1473.

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Legal coercion is framed by certain norms. It takes an institutionalized form, while its use is legal and under social control. Unlawful coercion, on the other hand, is characterized by illegality (it is not based on the existing legal order). Legal coercion can be reduced to physical (physical coercion) or psychological (mental coercion) influence. The disciplinary custodial penalty is a means of legal coercion and is the most severe. This measure is classically isolationist, depriving the punished person of personal (locomotive) freedom. The behavior for which it is possible to impose the in

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Miroshnichenko, N. V., and V. Yu Maksimov. "The concept of crime and the classification of crimes in the criminal law of foreign countries." Гуманитарные и юридические исследования 10, no. 3 (2023): 466–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.37493/2409-1030.2023.3.14.

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Introduction. The legal, in particular, the criminal law direction of the comparative method application in science is currently an actively developing teaching in the system of domestic criminal law science. Because of this, and in the light of the fundamental shifts in world politics taking place in recent years, entailing corresponding changes in the system of international law, scientific research in the direction chosen by the authors is being updated. Materials and methods. The research is of a subject-scientific nature and is carried out, in general, on the basis of the study of the cri

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Goclik, Katarzyna Barbara, and Michał Pfanhauser. "Material Feature of the Crime – a Valid Concept or a Socialist Taint?" Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio G (Ius) 72, no. 1 (2025): 23–43. https://doi.org/10.17951/g.2025.72.1.23-43.

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The social dangerousness of an act, as a substantive element of a crime, constitutes the meaning of a criminal prohibition and describes the negative social evaluation of a given behavior. Although, in general, its presence as an element of the dogmatic structure of the crime is positively evaluated, there are some critical voices of this presence. Opponents of including social dangerousness as an element of the structure of a crime justify their position mainly by the negative history of this institution, the weakening of the protective function of the criminal law, the limitation of the anal

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Onosov, Yu V. "The Concept and Characteristics of a Defect of Discretion in Law." Siberian Law Review 20, no. 2 (2023): 110–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.19073/2658-7602-2023-20-2-110-119.

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The article touches upon the problems associated with defects in law related to discretion. An attempt is made to analyze the approaches of legal scholars to the concepts of “defect of law”, as well as related concepts of “defect of a normative legal act”, “defect of legislation”, “error in law”. Attention is focused on the relationship between the concept of “defect in law” and “quality of law”. In relation to individual branch legal sciences, studies of individual defects have been conducted, however, a unified approach to understanding the essence of the relevant legal phenomenon has not be

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Kurakin, Aleksei Valentinovich. "Once again about the doctrinal understanding of the terminology of "administrative-tort law"." Полицейская и следственная деятельность, no. 4 (April 2023): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-7810.2023.4.48493.

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The author considers such a category as "administrative offense". This issue is important from the point of view of the application of administrative responsibility, since it is this illegal act that can be the basis of the corresponding type of legal liability. The paper draws attention to the signs of an administrative offense, special attention is paid to such a sign of an administrative offense as "public danger" and "public harmfulness". After analyzing various points of view, the author came to the conclusion that an administrative offense may have varying degrees of public danger. The i

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Li, Ying, Xiangming Niu, Chi Yao, Wen Yang, and Guanghua Lu. "Distribution, Removal, and Risk Assessment of Pharmaceuticals and Their Metabolites in Five Sewage Plants." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 23 (2019): 4729. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16234729.

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The extensive use of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) leads to a continuous increase of their presence in urban wastewater. These pollutants are discharged into natural waters and pose a threat to human health and the ecological environment. This study focused on five sewage treatment plants in three cities of China’s Yangtze River Delta as research sites to study the distribution and degradation of drugs and their conversion products in wastewater. The concentration of target compounds in the water ranged from 0 to 510.8 ng/L, and both positive and negative removal rates occ

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Кочкина, А. М., and Н. Я. Каширская. "RESULTS OF DIFFERENT PLANT PROTECTION MEANS AGAINST CODLING MOTH IN APPLE PLANTATIONS." За Мичуринское плодоводство, no. 1(1) (October 23, 2023): 21–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.34751/fnc-mich.2023.1.1.004.

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В условиях ЦЧР отмечено увеличение численности и вредоносности яблонной плодожорки, которая является основным вредителем в период роста и созревания плодов. Инсектициды широкого спектра действия следует заменять высокоселективными препаратами, которые избирательно действуют на вредные объекты и являются малоопасными для полезных элементов агробиоценоза и окружающей среды. В 2019–2021 гг. были выполнены исследования в насаждениях яблони ФГБНУ «ФНЦ им. И.В. Мичурина» на сорте Богатырь. Краткосрочный прогноз сроков проведения защитных мероприятий осуществляли на основе подсчёта суммы эффективных

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El-Zamkan, Mona A., and Hams M. A. Mohamed. "Antimicrobial resistance, virulence genes and biofilm formation in Enterococcus species isolated from milk of sheep and goat with subclinical mastitis." PLOS ONE 16, no. 11 (2021): e0259584. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259584.

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This study is designed to discuss the antimicrobial resistance, virulence determinants and biofilm formation capacity of Enterococcus spp. isolated from milk of sheep and goat with subclinical mastitis in Qena, Egypt. The obtained isolates were identified by the VITEK2 system and 16S rDNA sequencing as E. faecalis, E. faecium, E. casseliflavus and E. hirae. Overall, E. faecalis and E. faecium were the dominant species recovered from mastitic milk samples. The antimicrobial susceptibility test evidenced multidrug resistance of the isolates against the following antimicrobials: oxacillin (89.2.%

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Vlasenko, N. G., O. V. Kulagin, P. I. Kudashkin, and I. A. Ivanova. "Effectiveness of the use of biopreparations and fungicides in the cultivation of spring wheat in the forest-steppe of the Priobye." Siberian Herald of Agricultural Science 53, no. 10 (2023): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.26898/0370-8799-2023-10-1.

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The data on the effectiveness of using chemical, fungal and bacterial fungicides to treat seeds and crops of spring soft wheat in order to limit harmfulness of major diseases are presented. The research was conducted in 2020–2022 on chernozem leached forest-steppe of the Novosibirsk region Priobye. Chemical seed protectant Scarlet and its mixture with Vitaplan were the most effective dressers in the fight against root rots. It has been demonstrated that although biopreparations are inferior in efficiency to chemical ones, they act for a longer period of time and protect the plant from the dise

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Mijalić Krešić, Roberta, and Damir Juras. "Strengthening the Integrity of Police Education Students in the Republic of Croatia as an Anti-corruption Measure." Kriminalističke teme 22, no. 1 (2022): 23–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.51235/kt.2022.22.1.23.

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Inspiration for the work and the problem (s) addressed by the work: The important role of the police in preventing and sanctioning corruption, as well as the existence of police corruption that hinders the fight against corruption in society, were the inspiration for analyzing data on corrupt actions of police officers and conducting research among participants in police education in the Republic of Croatia on the perception of corruption in the police and measures to combat it. Purpose of the work(scientific and / or social): This research aims to present data on corruption in the polic

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Cheban, O. M. "Analysis of certain legislative changes to Criminal code of Ukraine through armed aggression of the russia." Analytical and Comparative Jurisprudence, no. 4 (November 27, 2022): 321–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2788-6018.2022.04.58.

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The article is devoted to the study of individual legislative changes to the Criminal Code of Ukraine in connection with russia's armed military aggression against Ukraine. Illegal and full-scale invasion, occupation, violations of international law by russia became the reason for legislative amendments that also affected the Criminal Code of Ukraine.It has been established that the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine has adopted a number of Laws of Ukraine over the past six months, and a number of draft laws have been submitted to the Parliament and are awaiting approval. Among the legislative changes:

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Лизогуб, Я. Г. "Article 151 of The Criminal Code of Ukraine: the challenges of legislative determination and correlation of the objective criterions of the corpus delicti." Law and Safety 77, no. 2 (2020): 164–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.32631/pb.2020.2.22.

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A number of issues related to the criminal and legal norm on liability for illegal placement in a psychiatric institution have been analyzed – the Article 151 of the current Criminal Code of Ukraine. The author has researched the way how the name of the specified crime and its legal content was defined by the legislation. The substantive part of the article begins with a brief overview of general theoretical provisions about the object and the objective aspect of the crime and the conclusions about the need for some consent between these features. Then a direct analysis of the Article 15

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Skrylnik, Yuriy, Yana Koshelyaeva, and Valentyna Meshkova. "Harmfulness of xylophagous insects for silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.) in the left-bank forest-steppe of Ukraine." Folia Forestalia Polonica 61, no. 3 (2019): 159–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ffp-2019-0016.

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Abstract The aim of the research was to determine the rate of the damage of xylophagous insects for silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.) stands in the Left Bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine. Evaluation of physiological harmfulness considered a health condition of inhabited trees, features of maturating feeding and pathogens vectoring for the cases of so-called ‘provoked aggressiveness’ and its absence. Evaluation of technical harmfulness considered a location and depth of larval galleries and pupal chambers, colonized sapwood surface, and stem part. Evaluation of general harmfulness considered phys

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Popov, V. V., and S. M. Smolev. "The goals of criminal punishment as a reflection of modern criminal policy." Penitentiary Science 14, no. 3 (2020): 324–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.46741/2686-9764-2020-14-3-324-330.

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The presented study is devoted to the issues of disclosing the content of the goals of criminal punishment, analyzing the possibilities of their actual achievement in the practical implementation of criminal punishment, determining the political and legal significance of the goals of criminal punishment indicated in the criminal legislation. The purpose of punishment as a definition of criminal legislation was formed relatively recently, despite the fact that theories of criminal punishment and the purposes of its application began to form long before our era. These doctrinal teachings, in ess

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Emelyanov, Nikolay Arkhipovich, Ivan Dmitrievich Eskov, and Elena Evgenyevna Kritskaya. "Harmfulness of imago and larvae of wheat trips (Haplothrips Tritici kurd.), theoretical justification and practical realization of the method of its definition." Agrarian Scientific Journal, no. 5 (May 28, 2019): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2019i5pp17-24.

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Known methods for determining trips’ harmfulness are analyzed. Their lack of objectivity is shown. Anew approach is proposed in the form of a logical modelthat determines the time, place, conditions and sequenceof the study of the harmfulness of imago and larvae oftrips. This method allows determining the total viability of trips’ imago and larvae and isolating indicatorsof the harmfulness and severity of individual stagesof the phytophage on one and the same isolated modelplants. A practical implementation of the logical modelwas shown, as a result of which the total harmfulnessof imago and l

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Nowak, Artur, and Rafał Pawliczak. "Harmfulness of e-cigarettes." Alergologia Polska - Polish Journal of Allergology 10, no. 4 (2023): 271–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/pja.2023.133770.

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Mader, Joel, Jacqueline Smith, Jennifer Smith, et al. "Correlates of Perceived Harmfulness of Regular Cannabis Use among Canadian University Students Before and After Legalization." Cannabis 5, no. 3 (2022): 23–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis/2022.03.003.

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Objective: Among a prospective sample of Canadian university students, this study aimed to: 1) document changes in cannabis use and perceived harmfulness of use before and after the legalization of recreational cannabis; 2) examine correlates of perceived harmfulness; and 3) explore changes in perceived harmfulness as a function of cannabis use patterns. Method: A random sample of 871 students at one western Canadian university were assessed pre- and post-legalization of recreational cannabis. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to explore changes in cannabis use and perceived har

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Shpanev, A. M. "The harmfulness of weeds in oat agrocenosis with underseeding of perennial grasses in the North-West of the Russian Federation." Вестник российской сельскохозяйственной науки, no. 3 (July 6, 2024): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s2500208224030031.

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The results of the study of harmfulness of weeds in the oat with perennial grasses agrocenosis in the conditions of the North-West of the Russian Federation are presented. Assessment of harmfulness of weeds in oat crops in this region of cultivation this crop has not been previously carried out, and agricultural production has to comply with economic thresholds of harmfulness for other spring cereals that is not rightfully. The method of permanent plots and multiple regression analysis were used in the statistical processing of the obtained data on the weed infestation of oat crops. By the res

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Kivalo, L. V. "ILLEGAL DISMISSAL FROM THE PUBLIC SERVICE AS A GROUND FOR APPEALING TO THE ADMINISTRATIVE COURT." Constitutional State, no. 47 (October 18, 2022): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2411-2054.2022.47.265280.

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The article analyzes the illegal dismissal of a public official from his position as a basis for applying for protection to an administrative court. It has been established that public service is an attribute of any civilized state. It is necessary for the functioning of society in a normal (that is, effective, planned, calm and productive) mode, because most of the issues that are decided by public administration bodies require close communication with society, its representatives and individual individuals. Attention is drawn to the fact that the quality and efficiency of public administrati

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Dolia, Mykola, Vitaliy Lysenko, Taras Lendiel, Kateryna Nakonechna, and Liudmyla Humeniuk. "Neuron network prediction of damage of E. integriceps bug on winter wheat in Ukraine." Naukovì Dopovìdì Nacìonalʹnogo Unìversitetu Bìoresursiv ì Prirodokoristuvannâ Ukraïni 20, no. 4 (2024): 96–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/dopovidi/3.2024.96.

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Protecting wheat from pests directly affects the country’s food security. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to create predictive models for estimating the harmfulness of E. integriceps by years. The harmfulness of E. integriceps was considered depending on the following indicators: pest abundance, environmental index (Wolf number) and hydrothermal moisture coefficient (HTC). The study proved the existence of mathematical uncertainty of information flows in relation to the specified pest, and therefore the mathematics of artificial neural networks with the structure of “multilayer percep

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